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Karanfil AS, Louis F, Matsusaki M. Biofabrication of vascularized adipose tissues and their biomedical applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1539-1558. [PMID: 36789675 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01391f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in adipose tissue engineering and cell biology have led to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine for adipose tissue reconstruction. To date, the many in vitro and in vivo models developed for vascularized adipose tissue engineering cover a wide range of research areas, including studies with cells of various origins and types, polymeric scaffolds of natural and synthetic derivation, models presented using decellularized tissues, and scaffold-free approaches. In this review, studies on adipose tissue types with different functions, characteristics and body locations have been summarized with 3D in vitro fabrication approaches. The reason for the particular focus on vascularized adipose tissue models is that current liposuction and fat transplantation methods are unsuitable for adipose tissue reconstruction as the lack of blood vessels results in inadequate nutrient and oxygen delivery, leading to necrosis in situ. In the first part of this paper, current studies and applications of white and brown adipose tissues are presented according to the polymeric materials used, focusing on the studies which could show vasculature in vitro and after in vivo implantation, and then the research on adipose tissue fabrication and applications are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Sena Karanfil
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan.
| | - Fiona Louis
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan.
- Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
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2
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Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wang S, Li Z. WSF-CT-11, a Sesquiterpene Derivative, Activates AMP-Activated Protein Kinase with Anti-diabetic Effects in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31272-31281. [PMID: 34841171 PMCID: PMC8613856 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a therapeutic target against type II diabetes (T2D). Synthetic sesquiterpene derivatives were investigated to identify novel AMPK activators as anti-diabetic drugs because the leading drugs like metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) activate AMPK by inhibiting the synthesis of adenosine 5'-triphosphate and thus are associated with some side effects. RESULTS We identified WSF-CT-11 as an AMPK activator in HEK293T cells and found that WSF-CT-11 activates AMPK by the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), a Ca2+-permeable cation channel. The increased Ca2+ influx then activates phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), which in turn phosphorylates TRPV1 and facilitates the formation of a TRPV1/Akt/CaMKII/AMPK complex. This complex might be important for the regulation of AMPK activity. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, WSF-CT-11-induced AMPK activation has three anti-diabetic effects. It promotes the assembly of high-molecular-weight adiponectin, which has stronger insulin-sensitizing activity than other multimers. It improves translocation of the glucose transporter type 4, increases glucose uptake, and induces the inhibitory phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and thus suppresses adipogenesis. CONCLUSION WSF-CT-11 is a novel AMPK activator and potential drug against T2D without the side effects of metformin and TZDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinoformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry
University, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shifa Wang
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry
University, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhen Li
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinoformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Mondanelli G, Albini E, Orecchini E, Pallotta MT, Belladonna ML, Ricci G, Grohmann U, Orabona C. Pathogenetic Interplay Between IL-6 and Tryptophan Metabolism in an Experimental Model of Obesity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:713989. [PMID: 34394118 PMCID: PMC8361489 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation and dominated by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the kynurenine pathway by transforming l-tryptophan (Trp) into l-kynurenine (Kyn), a metabolite endowed with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. In dendritic cells, IL-6 induces IDO1 proteasomal degradation and shuts down IDO1-mediated immunosuppressive effects. In tumor cells, IL-6 upregulates IDO1 expression and favors tumor immune escape mechanisms. To investigate the role of IDO1 and its possible relationship with IL-6 in obesity, we induced the disease by feeding mice with a high fat diet (HFD). Mice on a standard diet were used as control. Experimental obesity was associated with high IDO1 expression and Kyn levels in the stromal vascular fraction of visceral white adipose tissue (SVF WAT). IDO1-deficient mice on HFD gained less weight and were less insulin resistant as compared to wild type counterparts. Administration of tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) antagonist, to mice on HFD significantly reduced weight gain, controlled adipose tissue hypertrophy, increased insulin sensitivity, and induced a better glucose tolerance. TCZ also induced a dramatic inhibition of IDO1 expression and Kyn production in the SVF WAT. Thus our data indicated that the IL-6/IDO1 axis may play a pathogenetic role in a chronic, low-grade inflammation condition, and, perhaps most importantly, IL-6R blockade may be considered a valid option for obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisa Albini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Ricci
- Service Center for Pre-clinical Research, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ursula Grohmann
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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4
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Kalafati M, Lenz M, Ertaylan G, Arts ICW, Evelo CT, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Blaak EE, Adriaens M, Kutmon M. Assessing the Contribution of Relative Macrophage Frequencies to Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Front Nutr 2021; 8:675935. [PMID: 34136521 PMCID: PMC8200404 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.675935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Macrophages play an important role in regulating adipose tissue function, while their frequencies in adipose tissue vary between individuals. Adipose tissue infiltration by high frequencies of macrophages has been linked to changes in adipokine levels and low-grade inflammation, frequently associated with the progression of obesity. The objective of this project was to assess the contribution of relative macrophage frequencies to the overall subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression using publicly available datasets. Methods: Seven publicly available microarray gene expression datasets from human subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies (n = 519) were used together with TissueDecoder to determine the adipose tissue cell-type composition of each sample. We divided the subjects in four groups based on their relative macrophage frequencies. Differential gene expression analysis between the high and low relative macrophage frequencies groups was performed, adjusting for sex and study. Finally, biological processes were identified using pathway enrichment and network analysis. Results: We observed lower frequencies of adipocytes and higher frequencies of adipose stem cells in individuals characterized by high macrophage frequencies. We additionally studied whether, within subcutaneous adipose tissue, interindividual differences in the relative frequencies of macrophages were reflected in transcriptional differences in metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Adipose tissue of individuals with high macrophage frequencies had a higher expression of genes involved in complement activation, chemotaxis, focal adhesion, and oxidative stress. Similarly, we observed a lower expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and oxidation and mitochondrial respiration. Conclusion: We present an approach that combines publicly available subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression datasets with a deconvolution algorithm to calculate subcutaneous adipose tissue cell-type composition. The results showed the expected increased inflammation gene expression profile accompanied by decreased gene expression in pathways related to lipid metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in subcutaneous adipose tissue in individuals characterized by high macrophage frequencies. This approach demonstrates the hidden strength of reusing publicly available data to gain cell-type-specific insights into adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianthi Kalafati
- Deparment of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michael Lenz
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine-Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gökhan Ertaylan
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Unit Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilja C W Arts
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Chris T Evelo
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ellen E Blaak
- Deparment of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michiel Adriaens
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martina Kutmon
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Culturing Articular Cartilage Explants in the Presence of Autologous Adipose Tissue Modifies Their Inflammatory Response to Lipopolysaccharide. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8811001. [PMID: 33273890 PMCID: PMC7676937 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8811001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to explore the effect of autologous adipose tissue on cartilage responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We hypothesized that LPS elicits an inflammatory response in cartilage, and that response is augmented in the presence of adipose tissue. Furthermore, we hypothesized that this augmented inflammatory response is due, at least in part, to increased exposure of cartilage to adipose tissue-derived c3a. Porcine cartilage explants from market-weight pigs were cultured in the presence or absence of autologous adipose tissue for 96 hours, the final 48 hours of which they were stimulated with LPS (0 or 10 μg/mL). Adipose tissue explants were also cultured alone, in the presence or absence of LPS. Media from all cartilage treatments was assayed for c3a/c3a des Arg, PGE2, GAG, and NO, and the viability of cartilage tissue was determined by differential fluorescent staining. Media from adipose tissue explants was assayed for c3a/c3a des Arg and PGE2. LPS produced a significant increase in PGE2, GAG, and NO production when cartilage was cultured in the absence of adipose tissue. Coculture of adipose tissue prevented a significant increase in PGE2 in cartilage explants. There was no effect of adipose tissue on LPS-induced GAG or NO, but the presence of adipose tissue significantly reduced cell viability in LPS-stimulated cartilage explants. Adipose tissue explants from lean animals reduced inflammatory responses of cartilage to LPS via a c3a/c3a des Arg-independent mechanism and were associated with a significant decline in cell viability. Thus, contrary to our hypothesis, adipose tissue from lean animals does not augment the inflammatory response of cartilage to stimulation by LPS. The mechanism of modulatory effects of adipose tissue on LPS-induced increase in PGE2 and decline in chondrocyte viability requires further research but appears to have occurred via a mechanism that is independent of adipocentric c3a/c3a des Arg.
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Salazar-Gómez A, Ontiveros-Rodríguez JC, Pablo-Pérez SS, Vargas-Díaz ME, Garduño-Siciliano L. The potential role of sesquiterpene lactones isolated from medicinal plants in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome - A review. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION OF BOTANISTS = SUID-AFRIKAANSE TYDSKRIF VIR PLANTKUNDE : AMPTELIKE TYDSKRIF VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE GENOOTSKAP VAN PLANTKUNDIGES 2020; 135:240-251. [PMID: 32963416 PMCID: PMC7493762 DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic disorders related to the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In latter years, plant secondary metabolites have become of special interest because of their potential role in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome. Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a large and diverse group of biologically active compounds widely distributed in several medicinal plants used for the treatment of metabolic disorders. The structural diversity and the broad spectrum of biological activities of these compounds drew significant interests in the pharmacological applications. This review describes selected sesquiterpene lactones that have been experimentally validated for their biological activities related to risk factors of metabolic syndrome, together with their mechanisms of action. The potential beneficial effects of sesquiterpene lactones discussed in this review demonstrate that these substances represent remarkable compounds with a diversity of molecular structure and high biological activity, providing new insights into the possible role in metabolic syndrome management.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin I-converting enzyme
- AMPK, activated protein kinase
- APOC3, apolipoprotein C3
- AT, adipose tissue
- Antidiabetic
- CAT, catalase
- COX-2, cyclooxygenase 2
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- FFA, free fatty acids
- FN, fibronectin
- G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase
- GK, glucokinase
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- HDL-C, high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol
- Hypoglycemic
- Hypolipidemic
- IFN-γ, interferon gamma
- IL-1β, interleukin 1 beta
- IL-6, interleukin 6
- IR, insulin resistance
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases
- MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
- Medicinal plants
- MetS, metabolic syndrome
- Metabolic syndrome
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NO, nitric oxide
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SLns, sesquiterpene lactones
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1
- STZ, streptozotocin
- Sesquiterpene lactones
- T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- TC, total cholesterol
- TG, triglycerides
- TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta
- TLRs, Toll-like receptor
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuar Salazar-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu y M. Stampa, Col. Planetario Lindavista, 77380 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julio C Ontiveros-Rodríguez
- CONACYT - Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B-1, Ciudad Universitaria, 58030 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Saudy S Pablo-Pérez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu y M. Stampa, Col. Planetario Lindavista, 77380 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M Elena Vargas-Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Garduño-Siciliano
- Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu y M. Stampa, Col. Planetario Lindavista, 77380 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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7
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Abdullah AZ, Fitri SA, Muniroh M, Agustini TW. Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fish protein concentrate alters insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and igf binding protein (IGFBP)-3 level of sprague dawley neonate rats-induced malnutrition. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is caused by inadequate protein intake and affects growth factor. High protein from patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fish is a well-known protein source. This study aims to investigate the effect of patin fish protein concentrate (PFPC) in the IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 level of Sprague Dawley (SD) neonate rats-induced malnutrition. Thirty male SD neonate rats were divided randomly into five groups, namely normal control (K1), malnutrition control (K2), malnutrition with PFPC 13.26 mg.g-1 body weight (BW)/day (X1), malnutrition with PFPC 19.89 mg.g-1 BW/d (X2), and malnutrition with casein supplement 13.26 mg.g-1 BW/d (X3). K1 received a standard diet, while the others received a low 8% protein diet (L8PD) since those were born until 21 days. The standard diet was refed for all groups during the intervention (14 days). IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured by ELISA. Normal data were analyzed by using One-way ANOVA which then was followed by post-hoc Bonferroni. Meanwhile, the others were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and followed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Spearman test was used for correlation. PFPC contained 81.07% of protein, 4.08% of fat, 7.24% of moisture, 2.77% of ash, and 4.83% of carbohydrate. These contents had affected the growth factor. As a result, in the PFPC intervention, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 levels (p <0.05) were decreased, while the controls were increased. The decreased values were shown in IGFBP-3 levels (p <0.05) while the increase was shown in both controls. On the other hand, the increase in body weight was shown in all groups, including control ones. A strong correlation was found between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. PFPC has additional value on repairing malnutrition that is the best dose in effecting IGF-1 dan IGFBP3 levels is 13.26 mg.g-1 BW/d.
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8
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The Generation and Regulation of Tissue-Resident Tregs and Their Role in Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8815280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as an important subset of T cells, play an important role in maintaining body homeostasis by regulating immune responses and preventing autoimmune diseases. In-depth research finds that Tregs have strong instability and plasticity, and according to their developmental origin, Tregs can be classified into thymic-derived Tregs (tTregs), endogenous-induced Tregs (pTregs), which are produced by antigen-stimulated T cells in the periphery in vivo, and induced Tregs (iTregs), which differentiate from naïve T cells in vitro. In recent years, studies have found that Tregs are divided into lymphatic and tissue-resident Tregs according to their location. Research on the generation and function of lymphoid Tregs has been more comprehensive and thorough, but the role of tissue Tregs is still in the exploratory stage, and it has become a research hot spot. In this review, we discuss the instability and plasticity of Tregs and the latest developments of tissue-resident Tregs in the field of biology, including adipose tissue, colon, skeletal muscle, and other Tregs that have been recently discovered as well as their production, regulation, and function in specific tissues and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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9
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Zhang D, He S, Wang Q, Pu S, Zhou Z, Wu Q. Impact of Aging on the Characterization of Brown and White Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Mice. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 209:26-36. [PMID: 32526740 DOI: 10.1159/000507434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue enriched with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) is often used for stem cell-based therapies. However, the characteristics of ASCs from different types of adipose tissue have varying biochemical and functional properties. We aimed to investigate how age affected the biological and functional characteristics of ASCs from brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). ASCs were obtained and cultured from mouse BAT and WAT at different ages: young (2 months of age) and older mice (22 months of age). Mesenchymal markers were characterized by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation potential, senescence, and metabolism were then determined. The percentage of WAT was higher in elderly mice, and the percentage of BAT was higher in young mice. All ASC sample phenotypes were characterized as CD29+/CD44+/CD105+/CD45-; the proliferation rate was not statistically different among all age groups. However, the number of senescent cells and the percentage of apoptosis in elderly mouse ASCs were significantly increased, and the ability of osteogenic and lipogenic differentiation was decreased in these same animals. In addition, ASCs from young mice were more inclined to undergo osteogenic differentiation, especially BAT-ASCs, whose gene expression of fat-consuming components was also significantly higher than of WAT-ASCs. The results indicated that ASCs derived from both WAT and BAT possessed different characteristics of fat metabolism and cell differentiation relative to the osteo- and adipolineages. In particular, because BAT-ASCs from young mice contributed to fat consumption, if used for cell grafting, they may potentially be attractive vehicles for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shuangli He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China, .,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China, .,Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China,
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10
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TGF-ß1 Induces Changes in the Energy Metabolism of White Adipose Tissue-Derived Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells In Vitro. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10020059. [PMID: 32046088 PMCID: PMC7074410 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue plays an active role in the regulation of the body’s energy balance. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from adipose tissue (adMSC) are the precursor cells for repair and adipogenesis. Since the balance of the differentiation state of adipose tissue-resident cells is associated with the development of various diseases, the examination of the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of adMSC might provide new therapeutic targets. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-ß1) is synthetized by many cell types and is involved in various biological processes. Here, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of TGF-ß1 (1–10 ng/mL) on adMSC proliferation, metabolic activity, and analyzed the gene expression data obtained from DNA microarrays by bioinformatics. TGF-ß1 induced the concentration- and time-dependent increase in the cell number of adMSC with simultaneously unchanged cell cycle distributions. The basal oxygen consumption rates did not change significantly after TGF-ß1 exposure. However, glycolytic activity was significantly increased. The gene expression analysis identified 3275 differentially expressed genes upon exposure to TGF-ß1. According to the pathway enrichment analyses, they also included genes associated with energy metabolism. Thus, it was shown that TGF-ß1 induces changes in the energy metabolism of adMSC. Whether these effects are of relevance in vivo and whether they contribute to pathogenesis should be addressed in further examinations.
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11
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Jayabalan N, Nair S, Nuzhat Z, Rice GE, Zuñiga FA, Sobrevia L, Leiva A, Sanhueza C, Gutiérrez JA, Lappas M, Freeman DJ, Salomon C. Cross Talk between Adipose Tissue and Placenta in Obese and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancies via Exosomes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:239. [PMID: 29021781 PMCID: PMC5623931 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important public health issue worldwide, where it is commonly associated with the development of metabolic disorders, especially insulin resistance (IR). Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications, especially gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Metabolism is a vital process for energy production and the maintenance of essential cellular functions. Excess energy storage is predominantly regulated by the adipose tissue. Primarily made up of adipocytes, adipose tissue acts as the body's major energy reservoir. The role of adipose tissue, however, is not restricted to a "bag of fat." The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, secreting various adipokines, enzymes, growth factors, and hormones that take part in glucose and lipid metabolism. In obesity, the greater portion of the adipose tissue comprises fat, and there is increased pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, macrophage infiltration, and reduced insulin sensitivity. Obesity contributes to systemic IR and its associated metabolic complications. Similar to adipose tissue, the placenta is also an endocrine organ. During pregnancy, the placenta secretes various molecules to maintain pregnancy physiology. In addition, the placenta plays an important role in metabolism and exchange of nutrients between mother and fetus. Inflammation at the placenta may contribute to the severity of maternal IR and her likelihood of developing GDM and may also mediate the adverse consequences of obesity and GDM on the fetus. Interestingly, studies on maternal insulin sensitivity and secretion of placental hormones have not shown a positive correlation between these phenomena. Recently, a great interest in the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been observed in the literature. EVs are produced by a wide range of cells and are present in all biological fluids. EVs are involved in cell-to-cell communication. Recent evidence points to an association between adipose tissue-derived EVs and metabolic syndrome in obesity. In this review, we will discuss the changes in human placenta and adipose tissue in GDM and obesity and summarize the findings regarding the role of adipose tissue and placenta-derived EVs, with an emphasis on exosomes in obesity, and the contribution of obesity to the development of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthini Jayabalan
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zarin Nuzhat
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gregory E. Rice
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Felipe A. Zuñiga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Andrea Leiva
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Sanhueza
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Agustín Gutiérrez
- Cellular Signaling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), Medical Technology School, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Dilys Jane Freeman
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Carlos Salomon,
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