1
|
Molina M, Guindon GE, Anderson LN, Tarride JE. Association between children's caregivers time preferences and childhood overweight and obesity in Mexico. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0283455. [PMID: 38452044 PMCID: PMC10919595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents or children's primary caregivers are a key influence on child weight as both decision makers and role models for eating patterns, physical activity, and other social behaviors. It is unknown whether caregivers' time preferences are associated with overweight or obesity in children. The primary objective was to estimate the association between parents' or caregivers' time preferences and children having overweight or obesity in Mexico. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using a representative survey of the Mexican population. A multinomial logistic model was used to examine the association between parents' or caregivers' time preferences (patience and time consistency) and child overweight or obesity, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The study included 9,102 children (mean age 10, 43% female) and 5,842 caregivers (mean age 37; 95% female). Intertemporal preference was strongly associated with increased odds of overweight or obesity in children. A medium patient caregiver had higher odds of having overweight (adjusted OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.52). Similarly, having a caregiver with a present (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.72, 3.70) or future bias (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.98) was associated with higher odds of obesity. CONCLUSION Caregivers' time preferences were associated with having overweight and obesity in children and should be considered when developing policies to reduce children's obesity status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Molina
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Godefroy Emmanuel Guindon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Economics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura N. Anderson
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Eric Tarride
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- The Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Chair in Health Technology Management Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bravo-Saquicela DM, Sabag A, Rezende LFM, Rey-Lopez JP. Has the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Spain Plateaued? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5240. [PMID: 35564634 PMCID: PMC9105543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of excess body weight (overweight plus obesity) in children has risen during the last decades in many countries, but it is unclear whether it has reached a plateau in Spanish children. We performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis for the prevalence of excess body weight in children from Spain, comparing the trends between 1999 and 2010 and 2011 and 2021. Data were reported in a prior meta-analysis, plus an updated search using the Web of Science, MEDLINE (via PubMed) and EMBASE databases for data from January 2018 until December 2021. Thirteen representative studies were identified (34,813 children aged 2 to 13 years), with sample sizes averaging 2678 (range: 396-16,665). The prevalence of excess body weight in Spanish children aged 2 to 6 years increased from 23.3% (95% CI, 18.5% to 25.5%) during the period 1999-2010 to 39.9% (95% CI, 35.4% to 44.7%) during 2011-2021. In children aged 7 to 13 years, the prevalence of excess body weight increased from 32.3% (95% CI, 29.1-35.6%) during the period 1999-2010 to 35.3% (95% CI, 32.9-37.7%) during 2011-2021. The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Spain has substantially increased in the last decade. New food policies to address the childhood obesity epidemic are urgently required to reverse current trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana M. Bravo-Saquicela
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí (ULEAM), Manta 130217, Ecuador;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Angelo Sabag
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Leandro F. M. Rezende
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-900, Brazil;
| | - Juan Pablo Rey-Lopez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Valencian International University (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pop TL, Maniu D, Rajka D, Lazea C, Cismaru G, Ştef A, Căinap SS. Prevalence of Underweight, Overweight and Obesity in School-Aged Children in the Urban Area of the Northwestern Part of Romania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105176. [PMID: 34068152 PMCID: PMC8152956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the last three decades, there has been an excess weight epidemic due to changes in nutrition and lifestyle. Few data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in Romania were published, without a single study representative at the national level. There are reports on the higher level of overweight and obesity in urban areas compared to rural ones. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of underweight, overweight, obesity and severe obesity in children enrolled in schools from the urban area. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this cross-sectional study, children from 177 schools from the urban area of five counties from the northwestern part of Romania were included after the parents signed written informed consent. Anthropometric data were recorded (weight, height) based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and Body-Mass-Index (BMI), and the z-score for BMI were calculated. The nutritional status was estimated using three reference criteria: WHO, International Obesity Task Force (IOTC) and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). RESULTS We analyzed data of 21,650 children (48.19% boys) age between 7 and 18 years. The prevalence of overweight was 13.8%, 16.2% and 20.3%, of obesity was 10.7%, 10.0% and 5.7% and of severe obesity was 5.1%, 1.2% and 1.6% (using WHO, CDC and IOTF cut-offs). Underweight was present in 5.2% (WHO), 6% (CDC) and 2.6% (IOTF). The highest prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was found in children aged 10 years, and the lowest in adolescents at 18 years. Boys have a higher prevalence of excess weight than girls. Using IOTF cut-offs, the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity was lower than using WHO criteria. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of overweight (including obesity) in children from the urban area of Western Romania was recorded at alarming levels, higher in boys and at the pre-puberty ages. There are significant differences based on the reference system used. It is important to correctly choose the reference for the definition of overweight and obesity to have the correct estimation of the target for public health measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tudor Lucian Pop
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Mother and Child Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Romanian Society of Social Pediatrics, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (T.L.P.)
| | - Dana Maniu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Daniela Rajka
- Society of Physicians from Children and Youth Communities, 400427 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cecilia Lazea
- 1st Pediatric Discipline, Mother and Child Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 40012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- 1st Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400470 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (T.L.P.)
| | - Gabriel Cismaru
- Cardiology-Rehabilitation Discipline, Internal Medicine Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Cardiology Department, Rehabilitation Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Ştef
- Department of Surgery, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- “Nicolae Stancioiu” Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Sorana Căinap
- 2nd Pediatric Discipline, Mother and Child Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- 2nd Pediatric Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Romanian Society of Social Pediatrics, 400177 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Inclán-López P, Bartolomé-Gutiérrez R, Martínez-Castillo D, Rabanales-Sotos J, Guisado-Requena IM, Martínez-Andrés M. Parental Perception of Weight and Feeding Practices in SchoolChildren: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4014. [PMID: 33920488 PMCID: PMC8069248 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a public health problem. Parents play an important role in the transmission of feeding habits and the detection of their child's weight status. The aim was to analyse the prevalence of overweight/obesity and to determine the relationship between children's weight status, different feeding practices and weight misperception. A cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected schools. The children's weight status was measured, and a questionnaire was used to identify the feeding practices applied by parents and their perception of their children's weight. The sample comprised 127 children aged 4 and 5 years and 189 aged 10 and 11. Differences were observed between parental feeding practices and weight status, monitoring being the most used practice. Parents use less pressure to eat and more restriction if their children have overweight or obesity. Misperception of weight was 39.6%, being higher in overweight children, who were perceived as normal weight in 53.19%. Children classified as obese were perceived as overweight in 88.23%. The use of inappropriate eating practices shows a need for health education in parents according to weight status. In addition, the parents' perception should be improved to increase early detection of overweight and start actions or seek professional help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Inclán-López
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (P.I.-L.); (D.M.-C.); (M.M.-A.)
| | | | - David Martínez-Castillo
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (P.I.-L.); (D.M.-C.); (M.M.-A.)
| | - Joseba Rabanales-Sotos
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.R.-S.); (I.M.G.-R.)
- Group of Preventive Activities in the University Field of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Isabel María Guisado-Requena
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.R.-S.); (I.M.G.-R.)
- Group of Preventive Activities in the University Field of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Andrés
- Social and Health Care Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain; (P.I.-L.); (D.M.-C.); (M.M.-A.)
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (J.R.-S.); (I.M.G.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vaquero Alvarez M, Aparicio-Martinez P, Fonseca Pozo FJ, Valle Alonso J, Blancas Sánchez IM, Romero-Saldaña M. A Sustainable Approach to the Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Its Economic Burden. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1891. [PMID: 32183278 PMCID: PMC7142435 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity continues to grow, resulting in metabolic syndrome and increasing economic burden for health systems. The objectives were to measure the ability of the NIM-MetS test, previously used in the adults, for the early and sustainable detection of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents. Moreover, to determine the economic burden of the children with MetS. Furthermore, finally, to use and implement the NIM-MetS test, via a self-created online software, as a new method to determine the risk of MetS in children. The method used was an observational study using different instruments (NIM-MetS test, International Diabetes Federation (IDF), or Cook) and measures (body mass index). Additionally, the economic burden was estimated via a research strategy in different databases, e.g., PubMed, to identify previous papers. The results (N = 265 children, age from 10-12) showed that 23.1% had obesity and 7.2% hypertension. The prevalence of MetS using the NIM-Mets was 5.7, and the cost of these children was approximate 618,253,99 euros. Finally, a model was obtained and later implemented in a web platform via simulation. The NIM-MetS obtained is a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of risk of MetS in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Vaquero Alvarez
- Grupo Investigación GC09 Nutrigenomics, Metabolic Syndrome, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (M.V.A.); (I.M.B.S.)
| | - Pilar Aparicio-Martinez
- Grupo Investigación GC12 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
- Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Farmacología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Menéndez Pidal, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Fonseca Pozo
- Grupo Investigación GC12 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Joaquín Valle Alonso
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth BH7 7DW, UK;
| | - Isabel María Blancas Sánchez
- Grupo Investigación GC09 Nutrigenomics, Metabolic Syndrome, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; (M.V.A.); (I.M.B.S.)
| | - Manuel Romero-Saldaña
- Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Farmacología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Menéndez Pidal, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Garrido-Miguel M, Cavero-Redondo I, Álvarez-Bueno C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Moreno LA, Ruiz JR, Ahrens W, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity in European Children From 1999 to 2016: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:e192430. [PMID: 31381031 PMCID: PMC6686782 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.2430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Studies of trends in excess weight among European children throughout the last few decades have rendered mixed results. Additionally, some studies were outdated, were based on self-reported weight and height, or included only a few European countries. OBJECTIVE To assess prevalence trends in measured overweight and obesity among children across Europe from 1999 to 2016 using a systematic methodology. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched from their inception until May 2018. Moreover, searches were conducted on health institutions' websites to identify studies not published in scientific journals. STUDY SELECTION The inclusion criteria were: (1) studies reporting the population-based prevalence of excess weight (overweight plus obesity) or obesity according to body mass index cutoffs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force; (2) cross-sectional or follow-up studies; and (3) studies including populations aged 2 to 13 years. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Literature review and data extraction followed established guidelines. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimates and their 95% CI whenever there was no evidence of heterogeneity (I2 < 50%); otherwise, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method was used. Subgroup analyses by study year, country, or European region (Atlantic, Iberian, Central, and Mediterranean) were conducted. Prevalence estimates were calculated as an aggregate mean, weighted by the sample size and the number of individuals in each study. RESULTS A total of 103 studies (477 620 children aged 2 to 13 years) with data from 28 countries were included. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Iberian region tended to decrease from 30.3% (95% CI, 28.3%-32.3%) to 25.6% (95% CI, 19.7%-31.4%) but tended to increase in the Mediterranean region from 22.9% (95% CI, 17.9%-27.9%) to 25.0% (95% CI, 14.5%-35.5%). No substantial changes were observed in Atlantic Europe or Central Europe, where the overweight and obesity prevalence changed from 18.3% (95% CI, 14.0%-23.9%) to 19.3% (95% CI, 17.7%-20.9%) and from 15.8% (95% CI, 13.4%-18.5%) to 15.3% (95% CI, 11.6%-20.3%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is very high, but trends have stabilized in most European countries. There are substantial between-country differences in the current levels and trends of overweight and obesity. The rising prevalence in some Mediterranean countries is worrisome. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO identifier: CRD42017056924.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain,CIBERESP and IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain ,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; ,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- Promoting Fitness And Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology–BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071698. [PMID: 31340602 PMCID: PMC6682909 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among European children aged 2–7 years from 2006 to 2016 and to analyze these estimations by gender, country, and food group consumption. We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases from their inception until 27 February 2019 including cross-sectional studies and baseline measurements of cohort studies with overweight and obesity defined according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Both the inverse-variance fixed-effects method and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects method were used to determinate pooled prevalence estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 32 studies (n = 197,755 children) with data from 27 European countries were included. Overall, the pooled prevalence estimates of overweight/obesity in European children (aged 2–7 years) during the period 2006–2016 was 17.9% (95% CI: 15.8–20.0), and the pooled prevalence estimate of obesity was 5.3% (95% CI: 4.5–6.1). Southern European countries showed the highest prevalence of excess weight. Additional measures to address the obesity epidemic in early life should be established, especially in European countries where the prevalence of excess weight is very high.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ncube KR, Khamker N, van der Westhuizen D, Corbett T. A descriptive study of biological and psychosocial factors associated with body mass index for age, in adolescents attending an outpatient department at Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital. S Afr J Psychiatr 2018; 23:973. [PMID: 30263176 PMCID: PMC6138078 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v23i0.973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe biological and psychosocial factors associated with body mass index (BMI) for age in adolescents attending an outpatient department at Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital. Methods A total of 50 adolescents participated in a convenience sampling research study. BMIs were calculated using their weights and heights to distinguish different weight categories based on the 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts. Based on their BMIs, participants were categorised as underweight, normal body weight, overweight and obese. The association between the BMIs of the biological parents and their adolescent children was investigated using the Fisher's exact test. The data collection included adolescents' demographic information, psychiatric diagnosis, psychiatric medication, nutritional intake, eating habits and the intensity of physical activity such as sports, leisure and sedentary behaviour. Setting The study was conducted at Weskoppies Psychiatric Hospital's adolescents outpatient department. Results Of the participants, 72% were males. Forty-eight per cent of all the adolescents had a normal BMI, mostly of black African descent. When comparing the adolescents' BMI with that of their biological mothers, 50% of those who were obese also had mothers who were mostly obese (53.8%). The Fisher's exact test indicated a statistically significant association between the BMI categories of mothers and those of their adolescent children (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.032). Despite the above association, no significant association could be found regarding their nutritional intake and eating habits. Also, no significant association was found between the adolescents' BMIs and the use of psychotropic medication, as compared with other previous studies. Furthermore, no association could be found between adolescents' BMI categories and the level of intensity of physical activity such as sports and leisure activities or sedentary behaviours. Conclusion This study supports previous findings that a significant association exists between maternal and childhood obesity. The association between BMI and psychotropic medication, nutritional intake and eating habits, and level of physical activity could not be confirmed in our study. The study results were limited by the small sample size and the convenience sampling method. Although this was only a descriptive study, it highlighted the complexity of biological and psychosocial factors involved in weight gain. Further studies are needed to explore the interplay of physical and environmental risk factors for childhood obesity, as well as to ensure early identification and education of patients and their families to prevent development of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kgomotso R Ncube
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria
| | - Nadira Khamker
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pretoria
| | | | - Thea Corbett
- Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vaquero-Álvarez M, Romero-Saldaña M, Valle-Alonso J, Llorente Cantarero FJ, Blancas-Sánchez IM, Fonseca Del Pozo FJ. [Study of obesity in a rural children population and its relationship with anthropometric variables]. Aten Primaria 2018; 51:341-349. [PMID: 29789165 PMCID: PMC6836889 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivos Conocer la prevalencia de obesidad en escolares de educación primaria y secundaria, y evaluar la precisión diagnóstica de variables antropométricas para su detección. Diseño Estudio transversal. Año 2014. Emplazamiento Área rural de Córdoba. Participantes Población estudiantil. Se llevó a cabo un muestreo estratificado por edad, género y centros educativos. Un total de 323 alumnos de 6 a 16 años fueron estudiados, cuyos padres habían firmado el consentimiento informado. Mediciones principales Se determinó la prevalencia de obesidad y se recogieron variables predictoras sociodemográficas, antropométricas, de condición física y alimentación. Se realizó una regresión logística binaria determinando los valores de odds ratio (OR) crudas y ajustadas, se confeccionaron curvas ROC y se determinaron valores de corte, calculando la sensibilidad, la especificidad y el índice de Youden. Resultados La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue del 26,2 y 22,3%, respectivamente. Solo un 15,2% de los escolares realizó dieta mediterránea óptima. El índice cintura-altura (ICT) fue la variable predictiva con mayor OR ajustada (7,1 [4,3-11,6]) y mayor área bajo la curva (0,954 [0,928-0,979]); a partir de un valor de corte global para discriminar obesidad de 0,507, consiguió una sensibilidad del 90% y una especificidad del 87,2%. Conclusiones La alta prevalencia de obesidad, la media-baja adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y la baja condición física hacen de esta población un objetivo prioritario de actuación para la prevención de futuros eventos cardiovasculares. El ICT ha sido el mejor predictor antropométrico de obesidad, recomendándose su uso para el diagnóstico de obesidad en población infantil en detrimento del índice de masa corporal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Javier Fonseca Del Pozo
- Dispositivos de Cuidados Críticos y Urgencias de Atención Primaria Montoro, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica, Córdoba, España
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dereń K, Nyankovskyy S, Nyankovska O, Łuszczki E, Wyszyńska J, Sobolewski M, Mazur A. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in children and adolescents from Ukraine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3625. [PMID: 29483604 PMCID: PMC5826931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of overweight, obesity and underweight in children from Ukraine. A cross-sectional study was performed on data collected from a representative sample of Ukraine children (13,739 children (boys 48%, girls 52%) aged 6.0-18.9 years). The measurement of body weight was performed with medical scales and height was measured using a stadiometer. Based on the results obtained, body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Three criteria were used to define childhood underweight, overweight and obesity: The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) reference, World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standard and The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The combined prevalence of obesity and overweight among children aged 6-18 years old was 12.1%, 17.6%, and 12.6% based on the IOTF reference, WHO growth standard, and the CDC, respectively. Obesity was 2.1%, 4.2%, and 3.6% respectively. Significantly more girls were underweight than boys. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity was diagnosed in younger that older Ukrainian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Serhiy Nyankovskyy
- Pediatrics Department, Danylo Halytsky L'viv National Medical University, L'viv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Nyankovska
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Danylo Halytsky L'viv National Medical University, L'viv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Marek Sobolewski
- Faculty of Management, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Artur Mazur
- Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Análisis de contenido de la publicidad de productos alimenticios dirigidos a la población infantil. GACETA SANITARIA 2017; 31:180-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|