1
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Tan X, Qu S, Wang G, Zhang G, Liu T, Ling F, Wang G. Structure-based discovery of potent myosin inhibitors to guide antiparasite drug development. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116338. [PMID: 38522112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Monogenea, a prevalent parasite in aquaculture, poses significant threats to the industry, leading to substantial losses. Current preventive measures have proven insufficient, necessitating the development of novel and effective anti-parasitic drugs. In this investigation, we obtained the full-length myosin cDNA sequence by analyzing three-generation transcriptome data, revealing a 5817-base sequence encoding 1938 amino acids. Subsequently, we modeled and analyzed the characteristics of the secondary and tertiary of myosin, pinpointing the crucial functional region within the motor domain (amino acids 1-768). The prokaryotic expression of this domain yielded a protein of 87.44 kDa, confirmed as myosin by Western Blotting. Molecular docking identified ASN439 as the key amino acid residue involved in arctigenin and myosin binding, a result corroborated by site-directed mutagenesis, affirming the active cavity of this interaction. Chalcone and shikonin were chosen from a virtual sieve of molecular library of natural drugs based on the active cavity. Chalcone and shikonin exhibited EC50 values of 1.085 mg/L and 0.371 mg/L, respectively, with corresponding IC50 values for myosin of 0.44 mM and 0.14 mM. Given its superior activity and structure, shikonin was selected for further optimization of drug molecule design, culminating in the discovery of 1,4-naphthoquinone as a potent antiparasitic agent. This compound demonstrated an EC50 of 0.047 mg/L, LC50 of 0.23 mg/L, and a TI index of 4.893. These findings collectively highlight the potential of shikonin and 1,4-naphthoquinone as alternative compounds to control Gyrodactylus infections. Further optimization of medicinal chemistry holds promise for the development of more potent 1,4-naphthoquinone analogues, offering prospects for future anthelmintic control through combinatorial or replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shenye Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guangshuo Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gengrong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tianqiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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2
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Wang X, Zhao YG, Mupindu P, Chen Y. Insight into characteristics of sulphur-based autotrophic denitrifying microbiota in the nitrate removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1531-1541. [PMID: 36368900 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2147450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mariculture wastewater is characterized by low organic carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) but high nitrate concentration, which makes it difficult to remove nitrate by the completely heterotrophic denitrification. However, high nitrate discharge poses a threat to the natural environment and human health. Thus, we enriched sulphur-based autotrophic denitrifying (SAD) microbiota and optimized the nitrate removal under different environmental factors and electron donor conditions. The results showed that the dominant genera in the enriched microbiota were previously confirmed autotrophic denitrifiers, Sulfurovum, Thioalkalispira-Sulfurivermis, and Sedimenticola, with a high relative abundance of 41.14%, 21.01%, and 6.17%. Among the environmental factors, pH was the key factor affecting SAD microbiota, and pH 7-9 favoured nitrate removal. However, high pH led to nitrite accumulation (e.g. 10 mg/L at pH = 9), which should be strictly avoided. With regard to electron donors, the optimal concentrations of thiosulphate and nitrate were 50 and 5 mg/L, respectively. The best organic carbon is acetate with an optimal concentration of 10 mg/L. Meanwhile, the initial concentration of thiosulphate was proportional to the nitrate removal rate, while higher concentrations of organic carbon stimulated the heterotrophic denitrification potential of microbiota and thus benefited to dentrification. This study showed that the enriched SAD microbiota was able to achieve efficient nitrate removal under suitable environmental conditions and mixed electron donors and thus presented the potential for application in the treatment of mariculture wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Guo Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Progress Mupindu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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3
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Berkhout BW, Budria A, Thieltges DW, Slabbekoorn H. Anthropogenic noise pollution and wildlife diseases. Trends Parasitol 2023; 39:181-190. [PMID: 36658057 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a global rise in anthropogenic noise and a growing awareness of its negative effects on wildlife, but to date the consequences for wildlife diseases have received little attention. In this paper, we discuss how anthropogenic noise can affect the occurrence and severity of infectious wildlife diseases. We argue that there is potential for noise impacts at three main stages of pathogen transmission and disease development: (i) the probability of preinfection exposure, (ii) infection upon exposure, and (iii) severity of postinfection consequences. We identify potential repercussions of noise pollution effects for wildlife populations and call for intensifying research efforts. We provide an overview of knowledge gaps and outline avenues for future studies into noise impacts on wildlife diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Budria
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands; Office Français de la Biodiversité, Direction générale déléguée 'Police, Connaissance, Expertise', rue du Bouchet, 45370 DRY, France
| | - David W Thieltges
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, The Netherlands; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life-Sciences, GELIFES, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Leite LAR, Januário FF, Pelegrini LS, Antoniassi B, Azevedo RK, Abdallah VD. Seasonal patterns of infestation by monogenean parasites of fish and their relationship with water parameters in two rivers with different disturbance gradients in southeastern Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e255758. [PMID: 37194823 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.255758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluate the relationships between the infestation rates of five monogenean parasites species with the dry and wet seasons, with the organic and inorganic parameters of the water of two rivers: the Jacaré-Pepira and Jacaré-Guaçú, and with the condition factors of its fish hosts: Serrasalmus maculatus and Astronotus crassipinnis, in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Fish were collected between January and December 2017. Anacanthorus serrasalmi, Amphithecium speirocamarotum and Gussevia asota had higher abundance rates (Student's t test, p ≤ 0.05) in the wet season. Gussevia asota had its abundance negatively correlated to nitrate in the Jacaré-Pepira River and with total nitrogen and potassium in the Jacaré-Guaçú River. Regarding the fish hosts condition factors, was observed a positive correlation with the abundances of G. asota in the Jacaré-Guaçú River, and with A. serrasalmi in the Jacaré-Pepira River. In general, wet season favored an increasing in the infestation rates of the monogeneans parasites in their host species, mainly in the river considered as the most polluted, the Jacaré-Guaçú River. Of the five parasites species analyzed in this study, only Gussevia astronoti and Rhinoxenus piranhus had no interaction with seasonality, river water variables, or fish host condition factors. On the other hand, G. asota had interactions both with water parameters (nitrate and total nitrogen) and with the hosts condition factors, which reflected in the abundance and intensity rates, showing itself as a species sensitive to changes in the environment and, therefore, that can be considered as a bioindicator organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A R Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Instituto de Biociências, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - F F Januário
- Centro Universitário do Sagrado Coração - UNISAGRADO, Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - L S Pelegrini
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Laboratório de Ictiologia e Ordenamento Pesqueiro do Vale do Rio Madeira, Humaitá, AM, Brasil
| | - B Antoniassi
- Centro Universitário do Sagrado Coração - UNISAGRADO, Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - R K Azevedo
- Centro Universitário CESMAC, Programa de Pós-graduação em Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Maceió, AL, Brasil
| | - V D Abdallah
- Centro Universitário CESMAC, Programa de Pós-graduação em Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Maceió, AL, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas - UFAL, Setor de Parasitologia e Patologia, Maceió, AL, Brasil
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5
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Masud N, Davies-Jones A, Griffin B, Cable J. Differential effects of two prevalent environmental pollutants on host-pathogen dynamics. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133879. [PMID: 35131271 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollutants are a major factor implicated in freshwater habitat degradation and species loss. Microplastics and glyphosate-based herbicides are prevalent pollutants with known detrimental effects on animal welfare but our understanding of their impacts on infection dynamics are limited. Within freshwater vertebrates, glyphosate formulations reduce fish tolerance to infections, but the effects of microplastic consumption on disease tolerance have thus far not been assessed. Here, we investigated how microplastic (polypropylene) and the commercial glyphosate-based herbicide, Roundup®, impact fish tolerance to infectious disease and mortality utilising a model fish host-pathogen system. For uninfected fish, microplastic and Roundup had contrasting impacts on mortality as individual stressors, with microplastic increasing and Roundup decreasing mortality compared with control fish not exposed to pollutants. Concerningly, microplastic and Roundup combined had a strong interactive reversal effect by significantly increasing host mortality for uninfected fish (73% mortality). For infected fish, the individual stressors also had contrasting effects on mortality, with microplastic consumption not significantly affecting mortality and Roundup increasing mortality to 55%. When combined, these two pollutants had a moderate interactive synergistic effect on mortality levels of infected fish (53% mortality). Both microplastic and Roundup individually had significant and contrasting impacts on pathogen metrics with microplastic consumption resulting in fish maintaining infections for significantly longer and Roundup significantly reducing pathogen burdens. When combined, the two pollutants had a largely additive effect in reducing pathogen burdens. This study is the first to reveal that microplastic and Roundup individually and interactively impact host-pathogen dynamics and can prove fatal to fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numair Masud
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, CF10 3AX, UK.
| | - Alice Davies-Jones
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Ben Griffin
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Jo Cable
- Cardiff University, School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, CF10 3AX, UK
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6
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Cable AB, Willcox EV, Leppanen C. Contaminant exposure as an additional stressor to bats affected by white-nose syndrome: current evidence and knowledge gaps. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:12-23. [PMID: 34625892 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02475-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bats are exposed to numerous threats including pollution and emerging diseases. In North America, the fungal disease white-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused declines in many bat species. While the mechanisms of WNS have received considerable research attention, possible influences of contaminants have not. Herein, we review what is known about contaminant exposure and toxicity for four species whose populations have been severely affected by WNS (Myotis sodalis, M. septentrionalis, M. lucifugus, and Perimyotis subflavus) and identify temporal and spatial data gaps. We determine that there is limited information about the effects of contaminants on bats, and many compounds that have been detected in these bat species have yet to be evaluated for toxicity. The four species examined were exposed to a wide variety of contaminants; however, large spatial and knowledge gaps limit our ability to evaluate if contaminants contribute to species-level declines and if contaminant exposure exacerbates infection by WNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh B Cable
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1610, USA
| | - Emma V Willcox
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1610, USA.
| | - Christy Leppanen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 569 Dabney Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1610, USA
- The Center for Tobacco Products, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993-0002, USA
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7
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Key Factors Affecting the Flesh Flavor Quality and the Nutritional Value of Grass Carp in Four Culture Modes. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092075. [PMID: 34574189 PMCID: PMC8471861 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavor and nutritional value are important qualities of freshwater fish products, but the key factors affecting these quality parameters remain unclear. In this study, four typical aquaculture modes, including the commercial feed treatment (control), faba bean treatment (FBT), grass powder treatment (GPT), and waving water treatment with commercial feed (WWT), were used to explore the regulatory effect of water quality and feed (eaten and uneaten) on the flesh flavor and nutrition in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), a freshwater fish of the largest global production. During the culture period (90 days), water quality parameters of the four modes were measured every 15 days, and the flavor quality was evaluated by volatile flavor compounds detection and electronic nose analyzer. Flesh crude protein, crude fat, free fatty acid and free amino acid profiles were also determined. The results showed that, in the late period, the FBT mode had the poorest water quality with highest concentrations of nitrite and nitrate, while the GPT mode has the best water quality among the four modes. Most flesh flavor compounds found in the flesh of the control, GPT and WWT modes were pleasant. In the FBT mode with the poorest water quality, on the other hand, we found lower flavor quality (higher contribution of fishy compounds), higher water content, and lower contents of crude protein, crude fat, free fatty acids and free amino acids, compared to the other three modes. Correlation analyses showed that nitrite and nitrate are probably key water quality factors affecting the flavor quality and nutritional values besides eaten feed and uneaten feed factors. This study can serve as an important reference for ecological regulation and feeding administration of flesh quality in freshwater aquaculture fish.
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8
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Rodgers EM, Gomez Isaza DF. Harnessing the potential of cross-protection stressor interactions for conservation: a review. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab037. [PMID: 35692493 PMCID: PMC8193115 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Conservation becomes increasingly complex as climate change exacerbates the multitude of stressors that organisms face. To meet this challenge, multiple stressor research is rapidly expanding, and the majority of this work has highlighted the deleterious effects of stressor interactions. However, there is a growing body of research documenting cross-protection between stressors, whereby exposure to a priming stressor heightens resilience to a second stressor of a different nature. Understanding cross-protection interactions is key to avoiding unrealistic 'blanket' conservation approaches, which aim to eliminate all forms of stress. But, a lack of synthesis of cross-protection interactions presents a barrier to integrating these protective benefits into conservation actions. To remedy this, we performed a review of cross-protection interactions among biotic and abiotic stressors within a conservation framework. A total of 66 publications were identified, spanning a diverse array of stressor combinations and taxonomic groups. We found that cross-protection occurs in response to naturally co-occurring stressors, as well as novel, anthropogenic stressors, suggesting that cross-protection may act as a 'pre-adaptation' to a changing world. Cross-protection interactions occurred in response to both biotic and abiotic stressors, but abiotic stressors have received far more investigation. Similarly, cross-protection interactions were present in a diverse array of taxa, but several taxonomic groups (e.g. mammals, birds and amphibians) were underrepresented. We conclude by providing an overview of how cross-protection interactions can be integrated into conservation and management actions and discuss how future research in this field may be directed to improve our understanding of how cross-protection may shield animals from global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essie M Rodgers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Daniel F Gomez Isaza
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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9
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Masud N, Hayes L, Crivelli D, Grigg S, Cable J. Noise pollution: acute noise exposure increases susceptibility to disease and chronic exposure reduces host survival. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200172. [PMID: 33047012 PMCID: PMC7540788 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive global pollutant that has been detected in every major habitat on the planet. Detrimental impacts of noise pollution on physiology, immunology and behaviour have been shown in terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. Equivalent research on aquatic organisms has until recently been stunted by the misnomer of a silent underwater world. In fish, however, noise pollution can lead to stress, hearing loss, behavioural changes and impacted immunity. But, the functional effects of this impacted immunity on disease resistance due to noise exposure have remained neglected. Parasites that cause transmissible disease are key drivers of ecosystem biodiversity and a significant factor limiting the sustainable expansion of the animal trade. Therefore, understanding how a pervasive stressor is impacting host-parasite interactions will have far-reaching implications for global animal health. Here, we investigated the impact of acute and chronic noise on vertebrate susceptibility to parasitic infections, using a model host-parasite system (guppy-Gyrodactylus turnbulli). Hosts experiencing acute noise suffered significantly increased parasite burden compared with those in no noise treatments. By contrast, fish experiencing chronic noise had the lowest parasite burden. However, these hosts died significantly earlier compared with those exposed to acute and no noise treatments. By revealing the detrimental impacts of acute and chronic noise on host-parasite interactions, we add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating a link between noise pollution and reduced animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numair Masud
- Schools of Biosciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | - Laura Hayes
- Schools of Biosciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Stephen Grigg
- Engineering, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | - Jo Cable
- Schools of Biosciences, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
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10
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Luo G, Hou Z, Tian L, Tan H. Comparison of nitrate-removal efficiency and bacterial properties using PCL and PHBV polymers as a carbon source to treat aquaculture water. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Tu X, Tan X, Qi X, Huang A, Ling F, Wang G. Proteome interrogation using gold nanoprobes to identify targets of arctigenin in fish parasites. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:32. [PMID: 32070333 PMCID: PMC7027246 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are one of the most widely used nanomaterials in various fields. Especially, the unique chemical and physical properties make them as the promising candidates in drug target identification, unfortunately, little is known about their application in parasites. In this paper, GNPs were employed as new solid support to identify drug targets of natural bioactive compound arctigenin (ARG) against fish monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus kobayashi. Before target identification, GNPs with ARG on the surface showed the ability to enter the live parasites even the nucleus or mitochondria, which made the bound compounds capable of contacting directly with target proteins located anywhere of the parasites. At the same time, chemically modified compound remained the anthelminthic efficacy against G. kobayashii. The above results both provide assurance on the reliability of using GNPs for drug target-binding specificity. Subsequently, by interrogating the cellular proteome in parasite lysate, myosin-2 and UNC-89 were identified as the potential direct target proteins of ARG in G. kobayashii. Moreover, results of RNA-seq transcriptomics and iTRAQ proteomics indicated that myosin-2 expressions were down-regulated after ARG bath treatment both in transcript and protein levels, but for UNC-89, only in mRNA level. Myosin-2 is an important structural muscle protein expressed in helminth tegument and its identification as our target will enable further inhibitor optimization towards future drug discovery. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate the power of GNPs to be readily applied to other parasite drugs of unknown targets, facilitating more broadly therapeutic drug design in any pathogen or disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Major determinants of the occurrence of a globally invasive parasite in riverine fish over large-scale environmental gradients. Int J Parasitol 2019; 49:625-634. [PMID: 31121168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The increased rate of outbreaks of infectious diseases in ecosystems is a dramatic consequence of global change, particularly when outbreaks affect important resources such as freshwater fish. However, the links between disease-inducing epizootics and widespread human impacts, including nutrient pollution and high water conductivity, in freshwater organisms are largely unexplored. We used data from extensive surveys in northeastern Spain (99,700 km2, 15 river catchments, n = 530 sites) to explore the environmental factors that singly, or in combination, are likely to influence the occurrence of the invasive parasite, Lernaea cyprinacea, after accounting for host fish characteristics. Smaller fish, lower altitudes, higher water conductivity and nutrient pollution were associated with higher probabilities of infection in 19 endemic and widely distributed fish species. We found no evidence that interactive effects among riverine stressors related to water and physical habitat quality better explained the probability of occurrence of L. cyprinacea in fish than did additive-stressor combinations. Nutrient pollution and high water conductivity were two of the major factors contributing to the increased occurrence of L. cyprinacea. Therefore, the improvement of wastewater treatment processes and agricultural practices probably would help to reduce the occurrence of this parasite among native fish.
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13
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Cano-Rocabayera O, de Sostoa A, Padrós F, Cárdenas L, Maceda-Veiga A. Ecologically relevant biomarkers reveal that chronic effects of nitrate depend on sex and life stage in the invasive fish Gambusia holbrooki. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211389. [PMID: 30689670 PMCID: PMC6349331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural intensification and shifts in precipitation regimes due to global climate change are expected to increase nutrient concentrations in aquatic ecosystems. However, the direct effects of nutrients widely present in wastewaters, such as nitrate, are poorly studied. Here, we use multiple indicators of fish health to experimentally test the effects of three ecologically relevant nitrate concentrations (<10, 50 and 250 mg NO3-/l) on wild-collected mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), a species widely introduced for mosquito biocontrol in often eutrophic waters. Overall, biomarkers (histopathology, feeding assays, growth and caloric content and stable isotopes as indicators of energy content) did not detect overt signs of serious disease in juveniles, males or females of mosquitofish. However, males reduced food intake at the highest nitrate concentration compared to the controls and females. Similarly, juveniles reduced energy reserves without significant changes in growth or food intake. Calorimetry was positively associated with the number of perivisceral fat cells in juveniles, and the growth rate of females was negatively associated with δ15N signature in muscle. This study shows that females are more tolerant to nitrate than males and juveniles and illustrates the advantages of combing short- and long-term biomarkers in environmental risk assessment, including when testing for the adequacy of legal thresholds for pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Cano-Rocabayera
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Padrós
- Servei de Diagnòstic Patològic en Peixos, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lorena Cárdenas
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences–Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Maceda-Veiga A, Mac Nally R, de Sostoa A. Environmental correlates of food-chain length, mean trophic level and trophic level variance in invaded riverine fish assemblages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:420-429. [PMID: 29981992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Examining how the trophic structure of biotic assemblages is affected by human impacts, such as habitat degradation and the introduction of alien species, is important for understanding the consequences of such impacts on ecosystem functioning. We used general linear mixed models and hierarchical partitioning analyses of variance to examine for the first time the applicability of three hypotheses (ecosystem-size, productivity and disturbance) for explaining food-chain length (FCL) in invaded fish assemblages. We used Fishbase trophic level (TL) estimates for 16 native and 18 alien fish species in an extensive riverine system in north-eastern Spain (99,700 km2, 15 catchments, 530 sites). The FCL of assemblages ranged from 2.7 to 4.42. Ecosystem size-related variables (Strahler stream order, physical habitat diversity) and human-disturbance (conductivity) made the largest contribution to the explained variance in the FCL model after accounting for spatial confounding factors and collinearity among predictors. Within-assemblage TL also was positively associated with Strahler stream order, suggesting that large rivers have the highest trophic diversity. High conductivity was negatively associated with FCL, as did with the mean TL of fish assemblages. However, an inverse association was found between mean TL and Strahler stream order, possibly because the presence of fish species of high TL may be offset by larger numbers of alien species of lower TL in large rivers. Given that there may be trophic replacements among native and alien species, this inference needs to be addressed with detailed trophic studies. However, reducing water conductivity by improved wastewater treatment and better agricultural practices probably would help to conserve the fish species on the apices of aquatic food-webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Research in Biodiversity, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce 2617, ACT, Australia
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Research in Biodiversity, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio-UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Maceda-Veiga A, Mac Nally R, de Sostoa A. Water-quality impacts in semi-arid regions: can natural 'green filters' mitigate adverse effects on fish assemblages? WATER RESEARCH 2018; 144:628-641. [PMID: 30096689 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effective aridity in riparian areas is increasing from climate change and from human water consumption, which exacerbates the impacts of effluents from wastewater-treatment plants and from catchment run-off in rivers. The potential of natural riparian areas to act as 'green filters' has long been recognized, but the possible ecological benefits of natural riparian areas over large-scale environmental gradients on fish have not been explored in detail. Using an extensive data-set from northeastern Spain (99,700 km2, 15 catchments, 530 sites), ours is the first study to ask whether natural riparian vegetation can mitigate the effects of pollution on fish in rivers experiencing water scarcity. We used multimodel inference to explore the additive and interactive effects of riparian vegetation with nutrient pollution and water conductivity, which are among the world's worst river stressors, on multiple fish guilds, including widely distributed species and highly invasive alien fish species. Most models (54%) supported the additive effects of water-quality factors on fish, after having accounted for the influence of geography and hydrological alterations. Although many fewer models (7%) included riparian vegetation as an important predictor, riparian vegetation modulated the forms of the associations between fish and pollution. The relationship of nutrient pollution with native and alien fish richness changed from negative to positive with greater riparian structure or species richness. However, we found the opposite effect for the mean body size of sedentary fish, and only positive additive effects of riparian richness for the probability of occurrence of pelagic fish. Ammonium and nitrite concentrations adversely affected fish in these rivers up to 10 years after the enforcement of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive by the European Union. High conductivity also much affects fish, having negatives associations with migratory, pelagic, invertivorous and native fish, and positive associations with sedentary, benthic, omnivorous and alien fish. Therefore, the current status of natural riparian areas is unlikely to fully mitigate water-quality impacts on fish. The conservation of freshwater resources in semi-arid regions, such as north-eastern Spain, requires improved waste-water treatments and better agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Research in Biodiversity, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio-UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, 2617, ACT, Australia; Sunrise Ecological Research Institute, Ocean Grove, 3226, Australia
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Institute of Research in Biodiversity, Universitat de Barcelona (IRBio-UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Colin N, Villéger S, Wilkes M, de Sostoa A, Maceda-Veiga A. Functional diversity measures revealed impacts of non-native species and habitat degradation on species-poor freshwater fish assemblages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:861-871. [PMID: 29306829 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based ecology has been developed for decades to infer ecosystem responses to stressors based on the functional structure of communities, yet its value in species-poor systems is largely unknown. Here, we used an extensive dataset in a Spanish region highly prone to non-native fish invasions (15 catchments, N=389 sites) to assess for the first time how species-poor communities respond to large-scale environmental gradients using a taxonomic and functional trait-based approach in riverine fish. We examined total species richness and three functional trait-based indices available when many sites have ≤3 species (specialization, FSpe; originality, FOri and entropy, FEnt). We assessed the responses of these taxonomic and functional indices along gradients of altitude, water pollution, physical habitat degradation and non-native fish biomass. Whilst species richness was relatively sensitive to spatial effects, functional diversity indices were responsive across natural and anthropogenic gradients. All four diversity measures declined with altitude but this decline was modulated by physical habitat degradation (richness, FSpe and FEnt) and the non-native:total fish biomass ratio (FSpe and FOri) in ways that varied between indices. Furthermore, FSpe and FOri were significantly correlated with Total Nitrogen. Non-native fish were a major component of the taxonomic and functional structure of fish communities, raising concerns about potential misdiagnosis between invaded and environmentally-degraded river reaches. Such misdiagnosis was evident in a regional fish index widely used in official monitoring programs. We recommend the application of FSpe and FOri to extensive datasets from monitoring programs in order to generate valuable cross-system information about the impacts of non-native species and habitat degradation, even in species-poor systems. Scoring non-native species apart from habitat degradation in the indices used to determine ecosystem health is essential to develop better management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Colin
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology & Environmental Sciences-Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Center for Research on Biodiversity and Sustainable Environments (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Sébastien Villéger
- Biodiversité marine et ses usages (UMR 9190 MARBEC), CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CP 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Martin Wilkes
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, Ryton Organic Gardens, Wolston Lane, Ryton-On-Dunsmore, CV8 3LG, UK
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology & Environmental Sciences-Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology & Environmental Sciences-Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Breida M, Alami Younssi S, Bouazizi A, Achiou B, Ouammou M, El Rhazi M. Nitrate removal from aqueous solutions by γ-Al 2O 3 ultrafiltration membranes. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00498. [PMID: 29560419 PMCID: PMC5857526 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the framework of understanding the transport mechanism that governs the filtration of NO3- solution through a γ-Al2O3 membrane with a nominal pore size of 5 nm at low ultrafiltration, a series of various types of nitrate solutions and operating conditions were investigated. The effect of filtration parameters such as pH, applied pressure and NO3- concentration on the selectivity and permeability of the membrane were studied using binary solutions (KNO3, NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2 and Mg(NO3)2) and ternary solutions ((NaNO3 + KNO3), (NaNO3 + Ca(NO3)2) and (Mg(NO3)2 + Ca(NO3)2). The experimental filtration results showed that high NO3- rejection was observed when pH was close to the point of zero charge of the membrane for both binary and ternary solutions. NO3- rejection increased with an increase of applied pressure. The rejection gradually decreased when the initial NO3- concentration increased. It appeared that the valency and hydrated radius of associated cation had a dramatic effect on NO3- rejection, with the divalent cations being more rejected than monovalent cations. In order to get to natural water complexity, three different samples of mineral water doped with NO3- from two different sources were studied at optimized operating conditions (25 ppm of NO3- and 6 bar). Experimental results demonstrated that NO3- rejection strongly depended upon the total mineralization and the presence of divalent anions in solution. In addition, the obtained results showed the potential use of γ-Al2O3 ultrafiltration membrane for denitrificatoin of contaminated water especially in Moroccan agricultural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Breida
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - S Alami Younssi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - A Bouazizi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - B Achiou
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - M Ouammou
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
| | - M El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies of Mohammedia, University Hassan II of Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 20650, Morocco
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Maceda-Veiga A, Mac Nally R, de Sostoa A. The presence of non-native species is not associated with native fish sensitivity to water pollution in greatly hydrologically altered rivers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:549-557. [PMID: 28709090 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a risk of 'ecological surprises' if multiple potentially interacting stressors are managed individually, which is a question attracting significant current interest. Habitat degradation and species introductions are major threats to global biodiversity, and riverine fish are among the most threatened taxa in the world. Our interest was whether the presence of non-native species can affect native fish sensitivity to water quality deterioration in a large region in northeastern Spain (99,700km2, 15 catchments, 530 sites). We used a 'base model' with geographical and hydro-morphological variables, which are the major shaping factors in rivers. We tested whether water pollution, non-native species, or their interaction provided an improved understanding of patterns of distributions and health measurements of the twelve most common native species. There was little evidence that variation in native species abundance, where they occurred, the presence of diseases and changes in mean fish length or body condition was affected by water deterioration, the presence of non-native species, or their interaction. The disease rate and occurrence of native species might be affected, to a minor degree, by water quality changes and the presence of non-native species. Environmental conditions between sites with and without non-native fish differed in the condition of riparian areas and in water quality. Based on presence-absence data and changes in abundances through weighted average equations we also derived potential safe levels of salinization, nutrient pollution, and pH for the native fish. Overall, additive effects of stressors prevail over interactions, and the restoration of natural hydro-morphology in rivers is likely to be the most effective management approach to improving the prospects for the native fish fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology (EBD-CSIC), Estación Biológica de Doñana, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Ralph Mac Nally
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce 2617, ACT, Australia; Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Colin N, Maceda-Veiga A, Monroy M, Ortega-Ribera M, Llorente M, de Sostoa A. Trends in biomarkers, biotic indices, and fish population size revealed contrasting long-term effects of recycled water on the ecological status of a Mediterranean river. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:340-348. [PMID: 28759763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recycled water is important for maintaining river flow in semi-arid regions. However, it has ecological risk, as suggested by comparison of habitat and white and red blood cell count in two wild fish species (Barbus meridionalis and Squalius laietanus) before and after an input of recycled water in Ripoll River (NE Spain) in 2009. Due to the lack of normal ranges for blood variables in wild fish, we surveyed seasonally the same river reaches in 2013 to test if blood alterations from 2009 compromised the viability of the fish populations. By examining other indicators of river health in baseline and polluted sites (fish abundance, mass-length relationships, and community indices in fish, diatoms and invertebrates), we tested for the superior utility of blood tests in biomonitoring. The comparison of water quality and scores of diatoms and invertebrate indices between polluted and reference sites showed that polluted sites improved from 2009 to 2013. The abundance of B. meridionalis also increased in polluted sites, but that of S. laietanus declined in 2013 compared to 2009. These results contrast with results of blood analyses in 2009, which suggested that B. meridionalis was more seriously affected by pollution than S. laietanus. The fish index did not reveal the risk of recycled water to fish health, whereas fish mass-length relationships suggested that S. laietanus individuals in 2013 had a better body condition in polluted than in reference sites. Given that the two fish species had opposite results in reference sites, and that the physical habitat was more suitable for B. meridionalis in polluted sites in 2013 than was for S. laietanus, trends in population size are not only explained by pollution. The role of phenology is suggested by peaks in blood disorders during the breeding season. However, more long-term studies combining indicators of river health at the individual and community scales are needed to fully assess the ecological risk of recycled water in this river. These studies will also help to develop blood tests as reliable health indicators in wild fish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Colin
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Center for Research on Biodiversity and Sustainable Environments (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Ssma. Concepción (UCSC), Concepción, Chile
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mario Monroy
- Department of Marine Biology, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Martí Ortega-Ribera
- Barcelona Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab, IDIBAPS - Hospital Clínic de Barcelona - CIBERehd, University of Barcelona Medical School, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Llorente
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Hook, Line and Infection: A Guide to Culturing Parasites, Establishing Infections and Assessing Immune Responses in the Three-Spined Stickleback. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2017; 98:39-109. [PMID: 28942772 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a model organism with an extremely well-characterized ecology, evolutionary history, behavioural repertoire and parasitology that is coupled with published genomic data. These small temperate zone fish therefore provide an ideal experimental system to study common diseases of coldwater fish, including those of aquacultural importance. However, detailed information on the culture of stickleback parasites, the establishment and maintenance of infections and the quantification of host responses is scattered between primary and grey literature resources, some of which is not readily accessible. Our aim is to lay out a framework of techniques based on our experience to inform new and established laboratories about culture techniques and recent advances in the field. Here, essential knowledge on the biology, capture and laboratory maintenance of sticklebacks, and their commonly studied parasites is drawn together, highlighting recent advances in our understanding of the associated immune responses. In compiling this guide on the maintenance of sticklebacks and a range of common, taxonomically diverse parasites in the laboratory, we aim to engage a broader interdisciplinary community to consider this highly tractable model when addressing pressing questions in evolution, infection and aquaculture.
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21
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Poikane S, Ritterbusch D, Argillier C, Białokoz W, Blabolil P, Breine J, Jaarsma NG, Krause T, Kubečka J, Lauridsen TL, Nõges P, Peirson G, Virbickas T. Response of fish communities to multiple pressures: Development of a total anthropogenic pressure intensity index. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:502-511. [PMID: 28214116 PMCID: PMC6461715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lakes in Europe are subject to multiple anthropogenic pressures, such as eutrophication, habitat degradation and introduction of alien species, which are frequently inter-related. Therefore, effective assessment methods addressing multiple pressures are needed. In addition, these systems have to be harmonised (i.e. intercalibrated) to achieve common management objectives across Europe. Assessments of fish communities inform environmental policies on ecological conditions integrating the impacts of multiple pressures. However, the challenge is to ensure consistency in ecological assessments through time, across ecosystem types and across jurisdictional boundaries. To overcome the serious comparability issues between national assessment systems in Europe, a total anthropogenic pressure intensity (TAPI) index was developed as a weighted combination of the most common pressures in European lakes that is validated against 10 national fish-based water quality assessment systems using data from 556 lakes. Multi-pressure indices showed significantly higher correlations with fish indices than single-pressure indices. The best-performing index combines eutrophication, hydromorphological alterations and human use intensity of lakes. For specific lake types also biological pressures may constitute an important additional pressure. The best-performing index showed a strong correlation with eight national fish-based assessment systems. This index can be used in lake management for assessing total anthropogenic pressure on lake ecosystems and creates a benchmark for comparison of fish assessments independent of fish community composition, size structure and fishing-gear. We argue that fish-based multiple-pressure assessment tools should be seen as complementary to single-pressure tools offering the major advantage of integrating direct and indirect effects of multiple pressures over large scales of space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Poikane
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Sustainable Resources, Water and Marine Resources Unit, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
| | - David Ritterbusch
- Institute of Inland Fisheries, Im Königswald 2, 14469 Potsdam-Sacrow, Germany
| | - Christine Argillier
- Irstea, UR RECOVER, 3275 Route de Cézanne CS 40061, 13182 Aix en Provence Cedex 5, France
| | - Witold Białokoz
- Inland Fisheries Institute, Oczapowskiego 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Petr Blabolil
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Breine
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Dwersbos 28, B-1630 Linkebeek, Belgium
| | | | - Teet Krause
- Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jan Kubečka
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Torben L Lauridsen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Peeter Nõges
- Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Tomas Virbickas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius-21, Lithuania
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22
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Budria A. Beyond troubled waters: the influence of eutrophication on host–parasite interactions. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Budria
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle CRESCO Dinard France
- UMR 8187 CNRS Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale Wimereux France
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23
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Maceda-Veiga A, Baselga A, Sousa R, Vilà M, Doadrio I, de Sostoa A. Fine-scale determinants of conservation value of river reaches in a hotspot of native and non-native species diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 574:455-466. [PMID: 27644023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Global freshwater biodiversity is declining at unprecedented rates while non-native species are expanding. Examining diversity patterns across variable river conditions can help develop better management strategies. However, many indicators can be used to determine the conservartion value of aquatic communities, and little is known of how well they correlate to each other in making diagnostics, including when testing for the efficacy of protected areas. Using an extensive data set (99,700km2, n=530 sites) across protected and unprotected river reaches in 15 catchments of NE Spain, we examine correlations among 20 indicators of conservation value of fish communities, including the benefits they provide to birds and threatened mammals and mussels. Our results showed that total native fish abundance or richness correlated reasonably well with many native indicators. However, the lack of a strong congruence led modelling techniques to identify different river attributes for each indicator of conservation value. Overall, tributaries were identified as native fish refugees, and nutrient pollution, salinization, low water velocity and poor habitat structure as major threats to the native biota. We also found that protected areas offered limited coverage to major components of biodiversity, including rarity, threat and host-parasite relationships, even though values of non-native indicators were notably reduced. In conclusion, restoring natural hydrological regimes and water chemical status is a priority to stem freshwater biodiversity loss in this region. A complementary action can be the protection of tributaries, but more studies examining multiple components of diversity are necessary to fully test their potential as fluvial reserves in Mediterranean climate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), E-41092 Sevilla, Spain; Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andrés Baselga
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, P-4710-057 Braga, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, P-4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Vilà
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), E-41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Colin N, Maceda-Veiga A, Flor-Arnau N, Mora J, Fortuño P, Vieira C, Prat N, Cambra J, de Sostoa A. Ecological impact and recovery of a Mediterranean river after receiving the effluent from a textile dyeing industry. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 132:295-303. [PMID: 27344397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The textile industry is one of the largest sectors globally, representing up to 20% of industrial water pollution. However, there is limited insight into how fluvial ecosystems respond and recover from this impact. From summer 2012 to spring 2013, we examined water quality and ecological status upstream and 1.5km downstream the input of a textile industry wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Ripoll River, NE Spain. The ecological status was determined via diversity measures and 10 biotic indices based on diatoms, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish. Our results showed that the WWTP severely deteriorated water quality and biological communities at the discharge site, but that they improved at 1.5km downstream. Severity also varied across taxa and seasons, being fish the most affected taxa and spring the season with the best ecological status. The strong correlation amongst water quality variables and many biotic indices across taxa indicated that this is a chronic pollution event affecting multiple trophic levels. Thus, this study suggests that there is an urgent need to invest in wastewater treatment in this industry to preserve the ecological integrity of Ripoll River and especially its fish fauna. Likewise, it illustrates the diagnostic power of biotic indices based on diatoms, macroinvertebrates and fish, as driven by the European Water Framework Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Colin
- Department of Animal Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Núria Flor-Arnau
- Department of Plant Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Mora
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Fortuño
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristiana Vieira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Cambra
- Department of Plant Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Animal Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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