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Múrria C, Maceda-Veiga A, Barata C, Gomà J, Faria M, Antich A, Arnedo MA, Bonada N, Prat N. From biomarkers to community composition: Negative effects of UV/chlorine-treated reclaimed urban wastewater on freshwater biota. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169561. [PMID: 38142994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of urban wastewater reclaimed water has recently increased across the globe to restore stream environmental flows and mitigate the effects of water scarcity. Reclaimed water is disinfected using different treatments, but their effects into the receiving rivers are little studied. Physiological bioassays and biomarkers can detect sub-lethal effects on target species, but do not provide information on changes in community structure. In contrast, official monitoring programs use community structure information but often at coarse taxonomic resolution level that may fail to detect species level impacts. Here, we combined commonly used biomonitoring approaches from organism physiology to community species composition to scan a broad range of effects of disinfection of reclaimed water by UV-light only and both UV/chlorine on the biota. We (1) performed bioassays in one laboratory species (water flea Daphnia magna) and measured biomarkers in two wild species (caddisfly Hydropsyche exocellata and the barbel Luciobarbus graellsii), (2) calculated standard indices of biotic quality (IBQ) for diatoms, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fishes, and (3) analysed community species composition of eukaryotes determined by Cytochrome Oxidase C subunit I (cox1) metabarcoding. Only the UV/chlorine treatment caused significant changes in feeding rates of D. magna and reduced antioxidant defenses, increased anaerobic metabolism and altered the levels of lipid peroxidiation in H. exocellata. However, inputs of reclaimed water were significantly associated with a greater proportion of circulating neutrophils and LG-PAS cells in L. graellsii. Despite IBQ did not discriminate between the two water treatments, metabarcoding data detected community composition changes upon exposure to UV/chlorine reclaimed water. Overall, despite the effects of UV/chlorine-treated water were transient, our study suggests that UV-light treated is less harmful for freshwater biota than UV/chlorine-treated reclaimed water, but those effects depend of the organizational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesc Múrria
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Zoological Systematics & Evolution (ZooSysEvo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca FORESTREAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Gomà
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Melissa Faria
- Institute for Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adrià Antich
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes (Girona), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel A Arnedo
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Zoological Systematics & Evolution (ZooSysEvo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Moyano Salcedo AJ, Prat N, Bertrans-Tubau L, Piñero-Fernandez M, Cunillera-Montcusí D, López-Doval JC, Abril M, Proia L, Cañedo-Argüelles M. What happens when salinization meets eutrophication? A test using stream microcosms. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168824. [PMID: 38030007 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient and salt pollution often co-occur in rivers and streams due to human activities (e.g., agriculture, urbanization). Thus, understanding the interactive effects of nutrients and salinity on freshwater ecosystems is critical for environmental management. We experimentally assessed the interactive effects of nutrient and salt pollution on stream microcosms using biofilm and macroinvertebrates as model systems. Six treatments were performed in triplicate: control (C: N-NH4+ = 0.05; P- PO43- = 0.037; Cl- = 33.5 mg L-1), intermediate nutrient (IN: N-NH4+ = 0.4; P- PO43- = 0.271; Cl- = 33. 5 mg L-1), high nutrient (HN: N-NH4+ = 0.84; P- PO43- = 0.80; Cl- = 33.5 mg L-1), salt (S: N-NH4+ = 0.05; P- PO43- = 0.037; Cl- = 3000 mg L-1), salt with intermediate nutrient (SIN: N-NH4+ = 0.4; P- PO43- = 0.27; Cl- = 3000 mg L-1) and salt with high nutrient (SHN: N-NH4+ = 0.84; P- PO43- = 0.80; Cl- = 3000 mg L-1). After 14 days of exposure, biofilm chlorophyll-a increased across all treatments, with cyanobacteria replacing diatoms and green algae. Treatments with no added nutrients (C and S) had more P uptake capacity than the rest. The indicator species analysis showed 8 significant taxa, with Orthocladius (Orthocladius) gr. Wetterensis and Virganytarsus significantly associated with the salinity treatment. Overall, salt pollution led to a very strong decline in macroinvertebrate richness and diversity. However, salt toxicity seemed to be ameliorated by nutrient addition. Finally, both structural equation models and biotic-abiotic interaction networks showed that complex biological interactions could be modulating the response of the biological communities to our treatments. Thus, our study calls for species-level assessments of salt and nutrient effects on river ecosystems and advocates for better management of co-occurring pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Javier Moyano Salcedo
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Geohazards and Civil Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Saint Thomas Villavicencio University, C/22 No 1a, 500003 Villavicencio, Colombia; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Narcís Prat
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Bertrans-Tubau
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Piñero-Fernandez
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Cunillera-Montcusí
- FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; WasserCluster Lunz - Biologische Station GmbH, Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Julio C López-Doval
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Meritxell Abril
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Proia
- BETA Technological Center, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Newton EE, Theodoridou K, Terré M, Huws S, Ray P, Reynolds CK, Prat N, Sabrià D, Stergiadis S. Effect of dietary seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) supplementation on milk mineral concentrations, transfer efficiency, and hematological parameters in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6880-6893. [PMID: 37210373 PMCID: PMC10570403 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of feeding seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) to dairy cows on milk mineral concentrations, feed-to-milk mineral transfer efficiencies, and hematological parameters. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 46) were allocated to 1 of 2 diets (n = 23 each): (1) control (CON; without seaweed) and (2) seaweed (SWD; replacing 330 g/d of dried corn meal in CON with 330 g/d dried A. nodosum). All cows were fed the CON diet for 4 wk before the experiment (adaptation period), and animals were then fed the experimental diets for 9 wk. Samples included sequential 3-wk composite feed samples, a composite milk sample on the last day of each week, and a blood sample at the end of the study. Data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with diet, week, and their interaction as fixed factors; cow (nested within diet) as a random factor; and data collected on the last day of the adaptation period as covariates. Feeding SWD increased milk concentrations of Mg (+6.6 mg/kg), P (+56 mg/kg), and I (+1,720 μg/kg). It also reduced transfer efficiency of Ca, Mg, P, K, Mn, and Zn, and increased transfer efficiency of Mo. Feeding SWD marginally reduced milk protein concentrations, whereas there was no effect of SWD feeding on cows' hematological parameters. Feeding A. nodosum increased milk I concentrations, which can be beneficial when feed I concentration is limited or in demographics or populations with increased risk of I deficiency (e.g., female adolescents, pregnant women, nursing mothers). However, care should also be taken when feeding SWD to dairy cows because, in the present study, milk I concentrations were particularly high and could result in I intakes that pose a health risk for children consuming milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Newton
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom
| | - K Theodoridou
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| | - M Terré
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - S Huws
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - P Ray
- The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203
| | - C K Reynolds
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom
| | - N Prat
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - D Sabrià
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - S Stergiadis
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom.
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Velásquez-Rodríguez K, Lin XL, Sánchez-Vendizú P, Loayza-Muro R, Huamantinco A, Prat N. DNA Barcode of symbiotic chironomids: Findings in the genus Symbiocladius (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa 2023; 5319:48-56. [PMID: 37518251 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5319.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Chironomidae of symbiotic habits have been recorded in different parts of the world, among commensals and parasites. There are different genera reported at the moment, however questions such as the origin of commensal or parasitic life, which occurred first or what are their benefits remain debatable. In order to contribute with information to elucidate the above mentioned issues, the present study reports the finding of immature stages of Symbiocladius (Acletus) wygodzinskyi Roback, 1965 in the Churup stream located in the Andes Cordillera (Peru), living on nymphs of Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera). We present a morphological description of immature stages of this species and for the first time the sequence of COX1 gene S. (A.) wygodzinskyi. The genetic result also supports differences between the morphospecies of Symbiocladius (Symbiocladius) rhithrogenae Zavřel, 1924 and S. (A.) wygodzinskyi in 23%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Velásquez-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Salud; Perú; Universidad Científica del Sur; Lima; Perú; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología; San Martín de Porres 15102; Peru.
| | - Xiao-Long Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment; Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai 201306; China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution; Shanghai Ocean University; Shanghai 201306; China.
| | - Pamela Sánchez-Vendizú
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Ecología y Evolución; Escuela Graduados; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia; Chile; Departamento de Mastozoología; Museo de Historia Natural; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Lima; Peru.
| | - Raúl Loayza-Muro
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; Facultad de Ciencias e Ingeniería; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología; San Martín de Porres 15102; Peru.
| | - Ana Huamantinco
- Laboratorio de Invertebrados Acuáticos; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Lima; Perú.
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grupo de Investigación FEHM (Freshwater Ecology Hydrology and Management); Departamento de Biología; Evolutiva; Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales; Facultad de Biología; Universidad de Barcelona; Barcelona; Spain.
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5
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Ríos-Touma B, Encalada AC, Prat N. Life history and secondary production of Anomalocosmoecusilliesi Marlier, 1962 (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae) in a small stream in the northern Ecuadorian Paramo. Zookeys 2022; 1111:381-388. [PMID: 36760850 PMCID: PMC9848693 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1111.85576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Life history of benthic faunas of tropical high-altitude cold environments are poorly studied. Here, monthly larval and adult data are presented for Anomalocosmoecusilliesi at Saltana Stream in Ecuador. In cold conditions throughout the year (6 °C), this species showed an asynchronous and continuous production. Larval density showed two peaks in August and April. All five larval instars were present in most months. Using the size-frequency method an annual rate of secondary production per biomass of 4.8 was calculated. The measured biomass was 785 mg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Ríos-Touma
- Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Ingeniería Ambiental, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Universidad de las Américas, Quito, EcuadorUniversidad de las AméricasQuitoEcuador
| | - Andrea C. Encalada
- Instituto Biosfera, Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, EcuadorUniversidad San Francisco de QuitoQuitoEcuador
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grupo de Investigación FEHM (Freshwater Ecology Hydrology and Management), Departamento de Biología, Evolutiva, Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainUniversidad de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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6
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Alemany A, Perez-Zsolt D, Raïch-Regué D, Muñoz-Basagoiti J, Ouchi D, Laporte-Villar C, Baro B, Henríquez N, Prat N, Gianinetto MO, Gutiérrez MV, Sánchez-Paniagua MG, Henríquez NL, Vicente JM, Ara J, Rodriguez-Arias MA, Puig J, Blanco I, Lopez CC, Hernández Á, Bordoy AE, Redondo CE, Soler VG, Giménez M, Blanc V, León R, Gispert J, Clotet B, Izquierdo-Useros N, Mitjà O. Cetylpyridinium Chloride Mouthwash to Reduce Shedding of Infectious SARS-CoV-2: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1450-1456. [PMID: 35727681 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) via respiratory fluids and droplets suggests that mouthwashes containing substances with virucidal activity can help reduce viral spread. We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to assess the virucidal activity of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouthwashes. Outpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection with or without symptoms were randomized to perform washes and gargles for 1 min with 15 mL of either colored distilled water or 0.07% CPC (Vitis CPC Protect) mouthwash. The study outcomes were the SARS-CoV-2 log10 viral RNA load and the nucleocapsid protein levels, both in saliva at 1 and 3 h after the intervention. In total, 118 patients were enrolled and randomized (mean [SD], age 46 [14] y). Thirteen of 118 participants (11%) did not complete follow-up or had insufficient sample volume for testing and were excluded from the analysis. The assessment of the viral load showed no significant differences between groups at any of the investigated points. However, the levels of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein of lysed viruses were significantly higher in the CPC group compared with the control group at 1 h (adjusted difference 269.3 pg/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], 97.1-441.5) and at 3 h postintervention (561.1 pg/mL; 95% CI, 380.0-742.2). In nonhospitalized patients with asymptomatic or mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, a 0.07% CPC mouthwash, compared to placebo, was associated with a significant increase of nucleocapsid protein levels in saliva, indicating enhanced disruption of viral particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alemany
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Facultat de Medicina-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - D Ouchi
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - B Baro
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clinic Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Henríquez
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Prat
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Ochoa Gianinetto
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Viaplana Gutiérrez
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - N Larrosa Henríquez
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Moreno Vicente
- Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Ara
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Gerència Territorial Metropolitana Nord, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M A Rodriguez-Arias
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - J Puig
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain
| | - I Blanco
- Metropolitana Nord Laboratory, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Spain
| | - C Casañ Lopez
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Á Hernández
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A E Bordoy
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Esteban Redondo
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V González Soler
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre of Epidemiological Studies of HIV/AIDS and STI of Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Health Department, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Giménez
- Microbiology Department, Clinical Laboratory Metropolitana Nord, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - V Blanc
- DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - R León
- DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - J Gispert
- DENTAID Research Center, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | | | - B Clotet
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - N Izquierdo-Useros
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain.,Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - O Mitjà
- Fight AIDS and Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain.,Lihir Medical Centre, International SOS, Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea
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7
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Ballesteros I, Bravo-Castro M, Villamarín-Cortez S, Jijón G, Prat N, Ríos-Touma B, Villamarín C. Genetic Variability of Polypedilum (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Southwest Ecuador. Insects 2022; 13:insects13040382. [PMID: 35447824 PMCID: PMC9028585 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Polypedilum is a genus of aquatic non-biting midges in the family Chironomidae. This genus is widely distributed in neotropical rivers from lowlands to Andean highlands. Nevertheless, making species identification based on morphology is quite complex, even more so in the Neotropics, since systematic studies of this group are scarce. DNA barcoding can help to overcome this problem using a short DNA sequence as a barcode for species delimitation. A fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (CO1) has been successfully employed as a barcode in the genus Polypedilum. In this study, our aim was to understand the effect of environmental characteristics on Polypedilum diversity and distribution. We examined the CO1 sequence of 68 Polypedilum specimens from rivers with different environmental conditions located in an important biogeographic area of Ecuador. We identified five morphotypes and seven putative species which revealed high genetic variability among them. Polypedilum distribution seems to be affected mainly by two environmental factors, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Our study is the first evidence of richness within the genus in Ecuador, highlighting the importance of developing taxonomic studies along with ecological assessments to further describe and identify new species. Abstract Chironomids show a wide distribution and can occupy several habitats due to their high adaptive capacity in different freshwater environments. The genus Polypedilum is found along a wide elevational and environmental gradient in the neotropics, and its genetic variability could help to elucidate factors determining its distribution and tolerance to the environmental changes of different species or populations. This study examines the genetic variability of Polypedilum in an important biogeographic area that acts as a geographical barrier of biodiversity at the border of the Choco and Tumbes biomes. We identified five Polypedilum morphotypes using classic taxonomic methods. We examined 68 Polypedilum individuals from eight sampling sites in El Oro Province, Ecuador, analyzing the putative molecular species using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) mitochondrial gene fragment. Then, we calculated molecular diversity indices, Haplotype diversity (Hd), and θs and θπ estimators. Seven Polypedilum OTUs were determined from which a high molecular diversity was registered. A CCA was conducted to understand the population composition in relation to environmental characteristics. Results indicated that dissolved oxygen and temperature are the main environmental factors affecting Polypedilum distribution across elevational gradients and between basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ballesteros
- Grupo de investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas (FICA), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador; (I.B.); (M.B.-C.); (G.J.); (B.R.-T.)
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mishell Bravo-Castro
- Grupo de investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas (FICA), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador; (I.B.); (M.B.-C.); (G.J.); (B.R.-T.)
| | - Santiago Villamarín-Cortez
- Department of Biology, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad–INABIO, Rumipamba 341 y Av. Shyris, Quito 170135, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Jijón
- Grupo de investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas (FICA), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador; (I.B.); (M.B.-C.); (G.J.); (B.R.-T.)
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grupo de Investigación Freshwater, Hydrology and Ecology Management (FHEM), Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Barcelona, 08014 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Blanca Ríos-Touma
- Grupo de investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas (FICA), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador; (I.B.); (M.B.-C.); (G.J.); (B.R.-T.)
| | - Christian Villamarín
- Grupo de investigación Biodiversidad, Medio Ambiente y Salud (BIOMAS), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas (FICA), Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador; (I.B.); (M.B.-C.); (G.J.); (B.R.-T.)
- Correspondence:
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Soria M, Gutiérrez‐Cánovas C, Bonada N, Acosta R, Rodríguez‐Lozano P, Fortuño P, Burgazzi G, Vinyoles D, Gallart F, Latron J, Llorens P, Prat N, Cid N. Natural disturbances can produce misleading bioassessment results: Identifying metrics to detect anthropogenic impacts in intermittent rivers. J Appl Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Soria
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group CSIC Jordi Girona 18 IDAEA Barcelona Spain
| | - Cayetano Gutiérrez‐Cánovas
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Raúl Acosta
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Pablo Rodríguez‐Lozano
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Department of Geography University of the Balearic Islands Palma Spain
| | - Pau Fortuño
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Gemma Burgazzi
- Department of Chemistry Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA) University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - Dolors Vinyoles
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Francesc Gallart
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group CSIC Jordi Girona 18 IDAEA Barcelona Spain
| | - Jérôme Latron
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group CSIC Jordi Girona 18 IDAEA Barcelona Spain
| | - Pilar Llorens
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group CSIC Jordi Girona 18 IDAEA Barcelona Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Cid
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management (FEHM) Research Group Department of Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
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Ladrera R, Belmar O, Tomás R, Prat N, Cañedo-Argüelles M. Agricultural impacts on streams near Nitrate Vulnerable Zones: A case study in the Ebro basin, Northern Spain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218582. [PMID: 31703059 PMCID: PMC6839874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural intensification during the last century has caused river degradation across Europe. From the wide range of stressors derived from agricultural activities that impact rivers, diffuse agricultural pollution has received most of the attention from managers and scientists. The aim of this study was to determine the main stressors exerted by intensive agriculture on streams around Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (NVZs), which are areas of land that drain into waters polluted by nitrates according to the European Nitrate Directive (91/676/EEC). The study area was located in the NW of La Rioja (Northern Spain), which has some of the highest nitrate concentrations within the Ebro basin. The relationships between 40 environmental variables and the taxonomic and functional characteristics of the macroinvertebrate assemblages (which are useful indicators of water quality) were analyzed in 11 stream reaches differentially affected by upstream agricultural activity. The streams affected by a greater percentage of agricultural land cover in the surrounding catchment had significantly higher nitrate concentrations than the remaining sites. However, hydromorphological alteration (i.e. channel simplification, riparian forest and habitat degradation), which is closely linked to agricultural practices, was the main factor affecting macroinvertebrate assemblages. We suggest that “good agricultural practices” should be implemented in streams affected by NVZs to reverse stream degradation, in concordance with the European Water Framework Directive (WFD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Ladrera
- Food and Agriculture Department, Science and Technology Complex, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Oscar Belmar
- Marine and Continental Waters Program, IRTA, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rafael Tomás
- Food and Agriculture Department, Science and Technology Complex, University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management Group (FEHM), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management Group (FEHM), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de l'Aigua (IdRA), University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Pfister G, De Carbonnières A, Dubourg O, Prat N, Cremades A, Mathieu L. Traumatismes balistiques des nerfs : quelles lésions microscopiques sur la partie continue des sections partielles ? Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Prat N, Paggi A, Ribera C, Acosta R, Ríos-Touma B, Villamarín C, Rivera F, Ossa P, Rieradevall M. The Cricotopus (Oliveiriella) (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the High Altitude Andean Streams, with Description of a New Species, C. (O.) rieradevallae. Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:256-270. [PMID: 28905263 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Oliveiriella (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) was erected by Wiedenbrug & Fittkau (1997). The adults have characteristic black spots on their wings and other characteristics similar to the genus Cricotopus. Pupal skins are very characteristic with strong short spines in the anal lobe instead of setae, while larvae are distinguishable by the long anal papillae and the intense blue color of their body. However, Andersen et al (2013) consider Oliveiriella as a subgenera of Cricotopus. In this paper, using the sequences of the cox1 gene, we conclude that Oliveiriella should be considered a subgenus within Cricotopus, confirming its status in Andersen et al (2013). Furthermore, we describe Cricotopus (Oliveiriella) rieradevallae Prat & Paggi sp. n. from the Saltana river (Ecuador). The adult males, females, and preimaginal stages of the two species of subgenus Oliveiriella known from South America Cricotopus (O.) almeidai n. comb. from Peru, Brazil, and Argentina and Cricotopus (O.) sanjavieri n. comb. from Argentina are compared with those of Cricotopus (O.) rieradevallae sp. n. from Ecuador. The differences allow the distinction of the three species. The cox1 gene reveals that at least three different undescribed species of the same subgenus are present in the high-altitude tropical Andes. The morphology of the available pupae and pupal exuviae reveals the presence of several morphotypes that are candidates to be described as new species. A key used to distinguish these pupal morphotypes is provided, including the three described species. Additionally, the distribution of the subgenus is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Paggi
- Instituto de Limnología "Dr. R. A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA, CONICET, UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Ribera
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRbio), Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Acosta
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Ríos-Touma
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Medio Ambiente (BIOMA), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Agropecuarias (FICA), Ingeniería Ambiental, Univ de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - C Villamarín
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Medio Ambiente (BIOMA), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Agropecuarias (FICA), Ingeniería Ambiental, Univ de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - F Rivera
- Research Group GEBIOME, Depto de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - P Ossa
- Research Group GEBIOME, Depto de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - M Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Gallart F, Cid N, Latron J, Llorens P, Bonada N, Jeuffroy J, Jiménez-Argudo SM, Vega RM, Solà C, Soria M, Bardina M, Hernández-Casahuga AJ, Fidalgo A, Estrela T, Munné A, Prat N. TREHS: An open-access software tool for investigating and evaluating temporary river regimes as a first step for their ecological status assessment. Sci Total Environ 2017; 607-608:519-540. [PMID: 28704676 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When the regime of a river is not perennial, there are four main difficulties with the use of hydrographs for assessing hydrological alteration: i) the main hydrological features relevant for biological communities are not quantitative (discharges) but qualitative (phases such as flowing water, stagnant pools or lack of surface water), ii) stream flow records do not inform on the temporal occurrence of stagnant pools, iii) as most of the temporary streams are ungauged, their regime has to be evaluated by alternative methods such as remote sensing or citizen science, and iv) the biological quality assessment of the ecological status of a temporary stream must follow a sampling schedule and references adapted to the flow- pool-dry regime. To overcome these challenges within an operational approach, the freely available software tool TREHS has been developed within the EU LIFE TRIVERS project. This software permits the input of information from flow simulations obtained with any rainfall-runoff model (to set an unimpacted reference stream regime) and compares this with the information obtained from flow gauging records (if available) and interviews with local people, as well as instantaneous observations by individuals and interpretation of ground-level or aerial photographs. Up to six metrics defining the permanence of water flow, the presence of stagnant pools and their temporal patterns of occurrence are used to determine natural and observed river regimes and to assess the degree of hydrological alteration. A new regime classification specifically designed for temporary rivers was developed using the metrics that measure the relative permanence of the three main phases: flow, disconnected pools and dry stream bed. Finally, the software characterizes the differences between the natural and actual regimes, diagnoses the hydrological status (degree of hydrological alteration), assesses the significance and robustness of the diagnosis and recommends the best periods for biological quality samplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Gallart
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia,Spain.
| | - Núria Cid
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Jérôme Latron
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia,Spain.
| | - Pilar Llorens
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia,Spain.
| | - Núria Bonada
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Justin Jeuffroy
- École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES), 1, Quai Koch, 67070 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Rosa-María Vega
- Júcar River Basin Authority, Av/Blasco Ibañez 48, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carolina Solà
- Catalan Water Agency, c/Provença, 204, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Soria
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia,Spain.
| | - Mònica Bardina
- Catalan Water Agency, c/Provença, 204, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Aránzazu Fidalgo
- Júcar River Basin Authority, Av/Blasco Ibañez 48, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Teodoro Estrela
- Júcar River Basin Authority, Av/Blasco Ibañez 48, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Antoni Munné
- Catalan Water Agency, c/Provença, 204, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Acosta R, Prat N, Ribera C, Michailova P, Hernández-Fonseca MDC, Alcocer J. <i>Chironomus</i> <i>alchichica</i> sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Lake Alchichica, Mexico. Zootaxa 2017; 4365:53-70. [PMID: 29245369 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4365.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Morphological analysis of all developmental stages (except female), mitochondrial DNA sequences from cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and cytological analysis of the polytene chromosomes were used to describe a new species of Chironomus found in the littoral and profundal zones of an endorheic, warm-monomictic lake in Mexico. Male imago is distinguished by the shape of superior volsella and by an antennal and bristle ratio lower than two. The pupa is characterized by the spur morphology of abdominal segment VIII. There is also a continuous row of hooklets on abdominal segment II. The larva is distinguished by a combination of antenna, mentum, mandible, and pecten epipharyngis characteristics, and abdominal ventral tubules. Molecular and cytological analysis supported the morphological differences found. The maximum likelihood tree obtained shows that Chironomus alchichica sp. n. clusters together with Chironomus decorus-group sp. 2 Butler et al. (1995) (bootstrap support = 92%), but genetic p-distances within C. alchichica sp. n. (0.004) were lower than the p-distances between other species of the decorus-group (C. decorus-group sp. 2, Chironomus bifurcatus Wülker et al., 2009 and Chironomus maturus Johannsen, 1908) confirming that it is a different species. The new species belongs to thummi cytocomplex, (decorus-group), with chromosome set- 2n = 8 and chromosome arm combinations: AB CD EF G. Karyologically, the species is closest to Chironomus riihimaekiensis Wülker (1973). This species has very compact salivary gland chromosomes with well heterochromatinized centromere regions in chromosomes AB CD G. Several fixed homozygous inversions distinguish arm A of the species from that of C. riihimaekiensis. Arm E differs from that of C. riihimaekiensis by simple fixed homozygous inversion. Some similarities in band sequences of this arm were found with species from the decorus-group as Chironomus blaylocki Wülker et al., 2009 and C. bifurcatus (decorus-group). The position of the key constrictions in chromosome G: Nucleolar organizer (NOR) and Balbiani rings (BRs) is similar to the species of decorus-group. C. alchichica sp. n. has been found in soft sediments rich in organic matter in well mineralized waters (where conductivity >10 mS cm-1) and with a high pH (≥9). The profundal zone is inhabited only during the mixing period, when dissolved oxygen is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Acosta
- F.E.M. (Freshwater Ecology and Management) Research Group. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Medi Ambient. Universitat de Barcelona. Diagonal, 643. 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
The Podonominae is a subfamily of Chironomidae which immature stages inhabit cold streams and brooks. In South America, most of the species have been reported only from the Andean/Patagonian subregion. However, the knowledge of its diversity from high tropical areas is still scarce. We studied the richness of genera and morphotypes of pupae and pupal exuviae of the subfamiliy Podonominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the high Andean rivers from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, and discussed its geographical distribution in the studied area. The specimens were collected between 2004 and 2011 in 197 sampling points, from 17 basins over 2 000 m a.s.l. During the dry season, benthic and drift samples were taken in different substrates. We recognized three genera: Podonomopsis, Parochlus and Podonomus, with one, nine and 14 morphotypes, respectively. Only six of them were clearly determined as species previously described. Podonomopsis was represented only by one species, P. illiesi, only found in high altitude rivers in Perú (above 3 500 m a.s.l.). Morphotypes richness and abundance of Parochlus were higher in rivers from Ecuador and Colombia (P. incaicus, Parochlus sp. 1 and Parochlus sp. 2 were the most common species). Conversely, Podonomus was more diverse and abundant in rivers from Perú (P. caranqui, P. fittkaui and P. fastigians were the most common species). We found a clear pattern of distribution of morphotypes in the latitudinal gradient. First, we confirmed an evident decrease in the morphotypes richness in relation to the South Andes. Second, we found species such as Podomopsis illiesi, Podonomus fittkaui and Podomus fastigians that only were present in Perú, but not in Ecuador and Colombia. For these species, the Huancabamba Depression (6°S Latitude, North of Perú), a major structural and physiographic break in the Andes, could represent an important barrier in their dispersion toward lower latitudes. A taxonomic key to genera and morphotypes determination was also provided.
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Prat N, Rieradevall M. Criterios de evaluación de la calidad del agua en lagos y embalses basados en los macroinvertebrados bentónicos. Actual Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.acbi.329814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
El estudio del zoobentos de lagos y embalses en países templados cuenta con una larga tradicción que ha dado lugar a un buen conocimiento de cuáles son las causas de la mayor o menor abundancia de las especies y su relación con los factores del medio. Así es fácil encontrar tipologías que relacionan la eutroficación y la acidificación de los lagos y embalse españoles ni a los de la zona tropical. La relación entre producción primaria y secundaria y la dependencia de las comunidades del fondo de los lagos de aquella no es tan clara en los lagos mas cálidos y en los embalses. Otros factores aparecen como claves, especialmente el contenido de oxígeno que puede depender de la duración de la termoclina y la entrada de materiales alóctonos más que de la importancia de la producción primaria.
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Rodríguez-Lozano P, Rieradevall M, Prat N. Top predator absence enhances leaf breakdown in an intermittent stream. Sci Total Environ 2016; 572:1123-1131. [PMID: 27522291 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Current biodiversity loss is characterized by the extinction of top predators, but small-bodied freshwater fish are often overlooked in research and conservation management even when threatened because they usually lack commercial value. Therefore, the ecosystem impacts of their possible loss remain mostly unknown. We assessed whether the presence/absence of an endangered predatory fish (Barbus meridionalis (A. Risso, 1827)) in an intermittent stream affects leaf fungal biomass and leaf quality (i.e. leaf carbon:nitrogen ratio and leaf toughness), macroinvertebrate assemblages colonizing leaf packs, and leaf breakdown rates. We conducted a leaf bag experiment comparing a control reach with a population of B. meridionalis with an adjacent upstream fishless reach. In the fishless reach, leaf fungal biomass and microbially mediated breakdown rate were lower compared to the control reach. This was probably caused by the lack of the bottom-up stimulation through nutrient recycling by fish. Shredders and scrapers were found at higher abundance and biomass in the fishless compared to the control reach, and the whole macroinvertebrate community composition changed with fish absence. Consequently, macroinvertebrate mediated leaf breakdown was faster in the fishless than in the control reach, not only compensating for the lower microbially mediated leaf breakdown in the fishless reach, but accelerating the overall leaf breakdown rate. Our study contributes to understand the potential cascading effects produced by the extirpation of endangered small-bodied fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Colin N, Maceda-Veiga A, Flor-Arnau N, Mora J, Fortuño P, Vieira C, Prat N, Cambra J, de Sostoa A. Ecological impact and recovery of a Mediterranean river after receiving the effluent from a textile dyeing industry. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 132:295-303. [PMID: 27344397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The textile industry is one of the largest sectors globally, representing up to 20% of industrial water pollution. However, there is limited insight into how fluvial ecosystems respond and recover from this impact. From summer 2012 to spring 2013, we examined water quality and ecological status upstream and 1.5km downstream the input of a textile industry wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Ripoll River, NE Spain. The ecological status was determined via diversity measures and 10 biotic indices based on diatoms, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish. Our results showed that the WWTP severely deteriorated water quality and biological communities at the discharge site, but that they improved at 1.5km downstream. Severity also varied across taxa and seasons, being fish the most affected taxa and spring the season with the best ecological status. The strong correlation amongst water quality variables and many biotic indices across taxa indicated that this is a chronic pollution event affecting multiple trophic levels. Thus, this study suggests that there is an urgent need to invest in wastewater treatment in this industry to preserve the ecological integrity of Ripoll River and especially its fish fauna. Likewise, it illustrates the diagnostic power of biotic indices based on diatoms, macroinvertebrates and fish, as driven by the European Water Framework Directive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Colin
- Department of Animal Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Núria Flor-Arnau
- Department of Plant Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Mora
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Fortuño
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristiana Vieira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Cambra
- Department of Plant Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Animal Biology, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Sala M, Faria M, Sarasúa I, Barata C, Bonada N, Brucet S, Llenas L, Ponsá S, Prat N, Soares AMVM, Cañedo-Arguelles M. Chloride and sulphate toxicity to Hydropsyche exocellata (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae): Exploring intraspecific variation and sub-lethal endpoints. Sci Total Environ 2016; 566-567:1032-1041. [PMID: 27312271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rivers and streams of the world are becoming saltier due to human activities. In spite of the potential damage that salt pollution can cause on freshwater ecosystems, this is an issue that is currently poorly managed. Here we explored intraspecific differences in the sensitivity of freshwater fauna to two major ions (Cl(-) and SO4(2-)) using the net-spinning caddisfly Hydropsyche exocellata Dufour 1841 (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae) as a model organism. We exposed H. exocellata to saline solutions (reaching a conductivity of 2.5mScm(-1)) with Cl(-):SO4(2-) ratios similar to those occurring in effluents coming from the meat, mining and paper industries, which release dissolved salts to rivers and streams in Spain. We used two different populations, coming from low and high conductivity streams. To assess toxicity, we measured sub-lethal endpoints: locomotion, symmetry of the food-capturing nets and oxidative stress biomarkers. According to biomarkers and net building, the population historically exposed to lower conductivities (B10) showed higher levels of stress than the population historically exposed to higher conductivities (L102). However, the differences between populations were not strong. For example, net symmetry was lower in the B10 than in the L102 only 48h after treatment was applied, and biomarkers showed a variety of responses, with no discernable pattern. Also, treatment effects were rather weak, i.e. only some endpoints, and in most cases only in the B10 population, showed a significant response to treatment. The lack of consistent differences between populations and treatments could be related to the high salt tolerance of H. exocellata, since both populations were collected from streams with relatively high conductivities. The sub-lethal effects tested in this study can offer an interesting and promising tool to monitor freshwater salinization by combining physiological and behavioural bioindicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Sala
- Centre Tecnològic Forestal de Catalunya - CTFC, Solsona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Melissa Faria
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos Barata
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bonada
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sandra Brucet
- Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Laia Llenas
- Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergio Ponsá
- Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Miguel Cañedo-Arguelles
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Aquatic Ecology Group, BETA Tecnio Centre, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Catalonia, Spain.
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Gallart F, Llorens P, Latron J, Cid N, Rieradevall M, Prat N. Validating alternative methodologies to estimate the regime of temporary rivers when flow data are unavailable. Sci Total Environ 2016; 565:1001-1010. [PMID: 27251770 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrological data for assessing the regime of temporary rivers are often non-existent or scarce. The scarcity of flow data makes impossible to characterize the hydrological regime of temporary streams and, in consequence, to select the correct periods and methods to determine their ecological status. This is why the TREHS software is being developed, in the framework of the LIFE Trivers project. It will help managers to implement adequately the European Water Framework Directive in this kind of water body. TREHS, using the methodology described in Gallart et al. (2012), defines six transient 'aquatic states', based on hydrological conditions representing different mesohabitats, for a given reach at a particular moment. Because of its qualitative nature, this approach allows using alternative methodologies to assess the regime of temporary rivers when there are no observed flow data. These methods, based on interviews and high-resolution aerial photographs, were tested for estimating the aquatic regime of temporary rivers. All the gauging stations (13) belonging to the Catalan Internal Catchments (NE Spain) with recurrent zero-flow periods were selected to validate this methodology. On the one hand, non-structured interviews were conducted with inhabitants of villages near the gauging stations. On the other hand, the historical series of available orthophotographs were examined. Flow records measured at the gauging stations were used to validate the alternative methods. Flow permanence in the reaches was estimated reasonably by the interviews and adequately by aerial photographs, when compared with the values estimated using daily flows. The degree of seasonality was assessed only roughly by the interviews. The recurrence of disconnected pools was not detected by flow records but was estimated with some divergences by the two methods. The combination of the two alternative methods allows substituting or complementing flow records, to be updated in the future through monitoring by professionals and citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gallart
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - P Llorens
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - J Latron
- Surface Hydrology and Erosion Group, IDAEA, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - N Cid
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - M Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - N Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM) Research Group, Dept. Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Rodríguez‐Lozano P, Verkaik I, Maceda‐Veiga A, Monroy M, de Sostoa A, Rieradevall M, Prat N. A trait-based approach reveals the feeding selectivity of a small endangered Mediterranean fish. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:3299-310. [PMID: 27252834 PMCID: PMC4870214 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional traits are growing in popularity in modern ecology, but feeding studies remain primarily rooted in a taxonomic-based perspective. However, consumers do not have any reason to select their prey using a taxonomic criterion, and prey assemblages are variable in space and time, which makes taxon-based studies assemblage-specific. To illustrate the benefits of the trait-based approach to assessing food choice, we studied the feeding ecology of the endangered freshwater fish Barbus meridionalis. We hypothesized that B. meridionalis is a selective predator which food choice depends on several prey morphological and behavioral traits, and thus, its top-down pressure may lead to changes in the functional composition of in-stream macroinvertebrate communities. Feeding selectivity was inferred by comparing taxonomic and functional composition (13 traits) between ingested and free-living potential prey using the Jacob's electivity index. Our results showed that the fish diet was influenced by 10 of the 13 traits tested. Barbus meridionalis preferred prey with a potential size of 5-10 mm, with a medium-high drift tendency, and that drift during daylight. Potential prey with no body flexibility, conical shape, concealment traits (presence of nets and/or cases, or patterned coloration), and high aggregation tendency had a low predation risk. Similarly, surface swimmers and interstitial taxa were low vulnerable to predation. Feeding selectivity altered the functional composition of the macroinvertebrate communities. Fish absence favored taxa with weak aggregation tendency, weak flexibility, and a relatively large size (10-20 mm of potential size). Besides, predatory invertebrates may increase in fish absence. In conclusion, our study shows that the incorporation of the trait-based approach in diet studies is a promising avenue to improve our mechanistic understanding of predator-prey interactions and to help predict the ecological outcomes of predator invasions and extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez‐Lozano
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research GroupDepartament d'EcologiaFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAvda. Diagonal, 643E‐08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Iraima Verkaik
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research GroupDepartament d'EcologiaFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAvda. Diagonal, 643E‐08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Alberto Maceda‐Veiga
- Departament of Integrative EcologyEstación Biológica de DoñanaAvda. Américo Vespucio, s/nE‐41092SevillaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaE‐08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mario Monroy
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaE‐08028BarcelonaSpain
- Departamento de Biología AmbientalUniversidad Jorge Tadeo LozanoBogotáColombia
| | - Adolf de Sostoa
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaE‐08028BarcelonaSpain
- Departament de Biologia Animal (Vertebrats)Facultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAvda. Diagonal, 643E‐08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Maria Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research GroupDepartament d'EcologiaFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAvda. Diagonal, 643E‐08028BarcelonaSpain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaE‐08028BarcelonaSpain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research GroupDepartament d'EcologiaFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaAvda. Diagonal, 643E‐08028BarcelonaSpain
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Canedo-Arguelles M, Hawkins CP, Kefford BJ, Schafer RB, Dyack BJ, Brucet S, Buchwalter D, Dunlop J, Fror O, Lazorchak J, Coring E, Fernandez HR, Goodfellow W, Achem ALG, Hatfield-Dodds S, Karimov BK, Mensah P, Olson JR, Piscart C, Prat N, Ponsa S, Schulz CJ, Timpano AJ. Saving freshwater from salts. Science 2016; 351:914-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aad3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Cañedo-Argüelles M, Sala M, Peixoto G, Prat N, Faria M, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Kefford B. Can salinity trigger cascade effects on streams? A mesocosm approach. Sci Total Environ 2016; 540:3-10. [PMID: 25818391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Human activities have greatly increased the salt concentration of the world's rivers, and this might be amplified by water scarcity in the future. While the lethal effects of salinity have been documented for a wide variety of stream invertebrates, the sub-lethal effects (i.e. changes in biological condition without mortality) are not deeply understood yet. One important sub-lethal effect that has yet to be investigated is changes in predation efficiency, which could trigger cascade effects associated to the abundance of herbivorous invertebrates that control algae biomass. In this study we combined the use of biomarkers with community-level data in a stream mesocosm to evaluate the potential cascade effect of increased salinity on the trophic food web. Both predation and salt treatments had an effect on the aquatic invertebrate abundance, richness and community composition. The presence of predators had a clear cascade effect, it reduced herbivorous invertebrate abundance and richness leading to higher chlorophyll a concentrations. The salt treatment significantly reduced taxa richness, but only in the gravel bed. The predators were significantly stressed by salt addition, as shown by the different analyzed biomarkers. Concordantly, in the presence of predators, Tanytarsini registered higher abundances and chlorophyll a showed a lower concentration when salt was added. However, none of these changes was significant. Therefore, although salt addition significantly stressed Dina lineata, our results suggest that a longer exposure time is needed to fully capture cascading effects (e.g. a decrease in chlorophyll a due to a relaxation of predation on herbivorous invertebrates). We suggest that the potential cascade effects of salinization need to be evaluated when addressing the impacts of water scarcity (as caused by climate change and increasing water demand) on river ecosystems, since flow reductions will lead to higher salt concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- BETA Technology Centre, Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Spain; Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Sala
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gabriela Peixoto
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Melissa Faria
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ben Kefford
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Rodríguez-Lozano P, Verkaik I, Rieradevall M, Prat N. Small but powerful: top predator local extinction affects ecosystem structure and function in an intermittent stream. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117630. [PMID: 25714337 PMCID: PMC4340793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Top predator loss is a major global problem, with a current trend in biodiversity loss towards high trophic levels that modifies most ecosystems worldwide. Most research in this area is focused on large-bodied predators, despite the high extinction risk of small-bodied freshwater fish that often act as apex consumers. Consequently, it remains unknown if intermittent streams are affected by the consequences of top-predators' extirpations. The aim of our research was to determine how this global problem affects intermittent streams and, in particular, if the loss of a small-bodied top predator (1) leads to a 'mesopredator release', affects primary consumers and changes whole community structures, and (2) triggers a cascade effect modifying the ecosystem function. To address these questions, we studied the top-down effects of a small endangered fish species, Barbus meridionalis (the Mediterranean barbel), conducting an enclosure/exclosure mesocosm experiment in an intermittent stream where B. meridionalis became locally extinct following a wildfire. We found that top predator absence led to 'mesopredator release', and also to 'prey release' despite intraguild predation, which contrasts with traditional food web theory. In addition, B. meridionalis extirpation changed whole macroinvertebrate community composition and increased total macroinvertebrate density. Regarding ecosystem function, periphyton primary production decreased in apex consumer absence. In this study, the apex consumer was functionally irreplaceable; its local extinction led to the loss of an important functional role that resulted in major changes to the ecosystem's structure and function. This study evidences that intermittent streams can be affected by the consequences of apex consumers' extinctions, and that the loss of small-bodied top predators can lead to large ecosystem changes. We recommend the reintroduction of small-bodied apex consumers to systems where they have been extirpated, to restore ecosystem structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Lozano
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d’Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iraima Verkaik
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d’Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d’Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) Research Group, Departament d’Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Prat N, González-Trujillo JD, Ospina-Torres R. Clave para la determinación de exuvias pupales de los quironómidos (Diptera: Chironomidae) de ríos altoandinos tropicales. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.15517/rbt.v62i4.9844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
<p>The Chironomidae is a cosmopolitan family of Nematoceran flies with more than 20 000 species described. However the diversity of genera and species of the family in the Andean region beyond the 2 000m.a.s.l are scarcely known. We conducted faunal surveys and biomonitoring research in different streams of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru from May 2005 to October 2011. Based on specimens collections, and a taxonomic key was developed to identify pupae and pupal exuviae of 46 genera of midges (Diptera, Chironomidae) collected from streams at high altitude areas on the Andean tropical mountains. We included illustrations and brief taxonomic descriptions for all genera, of which several ones have not yet been formally described; in this latter case we used the nomenclature of Roback & Coffman (1983). For two genera,<em> Cricotopus</em> and Genus 1, keys to the most common morphospecies were provided. Results showed that in this area the chironomid assemblages are dominated by the members of the subfamily Orthocladiinae (22 genera) followed by the Chironominae (13). Six genera of Tanypodinae were identified, while only three and two genera were present from subfamilies Podonominae and Diamesinae. This key may be very useful for both studies about drift in streams, and for biomonitoring purposes.</p>
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Reyjol Y, Argillier C, Bonne W, Borja A, Buijse AD, Cardoso AC, Daufresne M, Kernan M, Ferreira MT, Poikane S, Prat N, Solheim AL, Stroffek S, Usseglio-Polatera P, Villeneuve B, van de Bund W. Assessing the ecological status in the context of the European Water Framework Directive: where do we go now? Sci Total Environ 2014; 497-498:332-344. [PMID: 25146904 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) is now well established as the key management imperative in river basins across Europe. However, there remain significant concerns with the way WFD is implemented and there is now a need for water managers and scientists to communicate better in order to find solutions to these concerns. To address this, a Science-Policy Interface (SPI) activity was launched in 2010 led by Directorate-General for Research and Innovation and Onema (the French national agency for water and aquatic ecosystems), which provided an interactive forum to connect scientists and WFD end-users. One major aim of the SPI activity was to establish a list of the most crucial research and development needs for enhancing WFD implementation. This paper synthesises the recommendations from this event highlighting 10 priority issues relating to ecological status. For lakes, temporary streams and transitional and coastal waters, WFD implementation still suffers from a lack of WFD-compliant bioassessment methods. For rivers, special attention is required to assess the ecological impacts of hydromorphological alterations on biological communities, notably those affecting river continuity and riparian covering. Spatial extrapolation tools are needed in order to evaluate ecological status for water bodies for which no data are available. The need for more functional bioassessment tools as complements to usual WFD-compliant tools, and to connect clearly good ecological state, biodiversity and ecosystem services when implementing WFD were also identified as crucial issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Reyjol
- Onema (Office National de l'Eau et des Milieux Aquatiques), Direction de l'Action Scientifique et Technique (DAST), 5 square Felix Nadar, 94300 Vincennes, France.
| | - Christine Argillier
- Irstea, UR HYAX, Pôle d'études et recherches en Hydroécologie des plans d'eau Onema/Irstea, 3275 route de Cézanne, CS 40061, 13182 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 5, France
| | - Wendy Bonne
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Water Resources Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, T.P. 460, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Angel Borja
- AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, 20110 Pasaia, Spain
| | - Anthonie D Buijse
- DELTARES, Department of Freshwater Ecology and Water Quality, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Cristina Cardoso
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Water Resources Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, T.P. 460, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Martin Daufresne
- Irstea, UR HYAX, Pôle d'études et recherches en Hydroécologie des plans d'eau Onema/Irstea, 3275 route de Cézanne, CS 40061, 13182 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 5, France
| | - Martin Kernan
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Maria Teresa Ferreira
- Department of Natural Resources, Environment and Landscape, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Poikane
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Water Resources Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, T.P. 460, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Narcís Prat
- Grup de Recerca F.E.M. (Freshwater Ecology and Management), Dept. Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne-Lyche Solheim
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stéphane Stroffek
- Agence de l'eau Rhône, Méditerranée Corse, 2-4 allée de Lodz, 69363 Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Usseglio-Polatera
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), CNRS UMR 7360, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Bertrand Villeneuve
- UR MALY, Pôle d'études et recherches en Hydroécologie des cours d'eau, Irstea centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 rue de la Doua, CS70077, 69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Wouter van de Bund
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Water Resources Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, T.P. 460, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
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Ríos-Touma B, Acosta R, Prat N. The Andean Biotic Index (ABI): revised tolerance to pollution values for macroinvertebrate families and index performance evaluation. REV BIOL TROP 2014; 62 Suppl 2:249-73. [PMID: 25189082 DOI: 10.15517/rbt.v62i0.15791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Score-based biotic indices are widely used to evaluate the water quality of streams and rivers. Few adaptations of these indices have been done for South America because there is a lack of knowledge on macroinvertebrate taxonomy, distribution and tolerance to pollution in the region. Several areas in the Andes are densely populated and there is need for methods to assess the impact of increasing human pressures on aquatic ecosystems. Considering the unique ecological and geographical features of the Andes, macroinvertebrate indices used in other regions must be adapted with caution. Here we present a review of the literature on macroinvertebrate distribution and tolerance to pollution in Andean areas above 2,000 masl. Using these data, we propose an Andean Biotic Index (ABI), which is based on the BMWP index. In general, ABI includes fewer macroinvertebrate families than in other regions of the world where the BMWP index has been applied because altitude restricts the distribution of several families. Our review shows that in the high Andes, the tolerance of several macroinvertebrate families to pollution differs from those reported in other areas. We tested the ABI index in two basins in Ecuador and Peru, and compared it to other BMWP adaptations using the reference condition approach. The ABI index is extremely useful for detecting the general impairment of rivers but class quality boundaries should be defined independently for each basin because reference conditions may be different. The ABI is widely used in Ecuador and Peru, with high correlations with land-use pressures in several studies. The ABI index is an integral part of the new multimetric index designed for high Andean streams (IMEERA).
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Cañedo-Argüelles M, Bundschuh M, Gutiérrez-Cánovas C, Kefford BJ, Prat N, Trobajo R, Schäfer RB. Effects of repeated salt pulses on ecosystem structure and functions in a stream mesocosm. Sci Total Environ 2014; 476-477:634-42. [PMID: 24503334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Rivers and streams affected by mining activities often receive short-term sharp salinity increases due to water-soluble stockpiled materials being washed into receiving water bodies. We conducted a mesocosm study to explore the response of structural (diatom and stream invertebrate communities) and functional descriptors (chlorophyll a concentration, fungal biomass and leaf decomposition) to repeated short salinity pulses (3h of duration, with nominal electrical conductivities of 5, 10 and 15 mS cm(-1)), mimicking the exposure pattern occurring at salt-mine affected rivers. The experiment was conducted in 12 artificial flow-through stream systems over 16 days. The effect of the salt pulses on the ecosystem structure and functioning did not fully match most of our initial hypotheses, with the community response being weaker than predicted. The diatom community was, however, dominated by salt-tolerant species throughout the experiment, showing no consistent response to the treatment. The invertebrate response was associated with statistically significant changes in community structure (i.e. abundance of the different taxa) but no statistically significant changes in taxa richness. The salt pulses affected some functional descriptors of the ecosystem: fungal biomass exhibited a unimodal response to treatment magnitude, algal growth (i.e. chl a biomass) was hampered with increasing conductivity and leaf decomposition was significantly reduced in the high treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) research group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Lytle Lab, Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Functional Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, D-76829 Landau, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cayetano Gutiérrez-Cánovas
- Aquatic Ecology Group, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Spain
| | - Ben J Kefford
- Institute of Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Narcís Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.) research group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal, 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rosa Trobajo
- Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute for Food and Agricultural Research & Technology (IRTA), Ctra de Poble Nou, Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rapita, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Quantitative Landscape Ecology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
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Feio MJ, Aguiar FC, Almeida SFP, Ferreira J, Ferreira MT, Elias C, Serra SRQ, Buffagni A, Cambra J, Chauvin C, Delmas F, Dörflinger G, Erba S, Flor N, Ferréol M, Germ M, Mancini L, Manolaki P, Marcheggiani S, Minciardi MR, Munné A, Papastergiadou E, Prat N, Puccinelli C, Rosebery J, Sabater S, Ciadamidaro S, Tornés E, Tziortzis I, Urbanič G, Vieira C. Least Disturbed Condition for European Mediterranean rivers. Sci Total Environ 2014; 476-477:745-756. [PMID: 23791044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present report describes a three-step approach that was used to characterize and define thresholds for the Least Disturbed Condition in Mediterranean streams of four different types, regarding organic pollution and nutrients, hydrological and morphological alterations, and land use. For this purpose, a common database composed of national reference sites (929 records) from seven countries, sampled for invertebrates, diatoms and macrophytes was used. The analyses of reference sites showed that small (catchment <100 km(2)) siliceous and non-siliceous streams were mainly affected by channelization, bank alteration and hydropeaking. Medium-sized siliceous rivers were the most affected by stressors: 25-43% of the samples showed at least slight alterations regarding channelization, connectivity, upstream dam influence, hydropeaking and degradation of riparian vegetation. Temporary streams were the least affected by hydromorphological changes, but they were nevertheless affected by alterations in riparian vegetation. There were no major differences between all permanent stream types regarding water quality, but temporary streams showed lower values for oxygenation (DO) and wider ranges for other variables, such as nitrates. A lower threshold value for DO (60%) was determined for this stream type and can be attributed to the streams' natural characteristics. For all other river types, common limits were found for the remaining variables (ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, total P, % of artificial areas, % of intensive and extensive agriculture, % of semi-natural areas in the catchment). These values were then used to select the list of reference sites. The biological communities were characterized, revealing the existence of nine groups of Mediterranean invertebrate communities, six for diatoms and five for macrophytes: each group was characterized by specific indicator taxa that highlighted the differences between groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Feio
- Institute of Marine Research, IMAR-CMA, Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - F C Aguiar
- Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Portugal
| | - S F P Almeida
- Department of Biology and GeoBioTec, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Ferreira
- Portuguese Environmental Agency (APA, I.P.), Portugal
| | - M T Ferreira
- Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Centro de Estudos Florestais, Portugal
| | - C Elias
- Department of Biology and GeoBioTec, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - S R Q Serra
- Institute of Marine Research, IMAR-CMA, Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Buffagni
- CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Brugherio, Italy
| | - J Cambra
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Chauvin
- IRSTEA Bordeaux-Cestas, UR REBX, France
| | - F Delmas
- IRSTEA Bordeaux-Cestas, UR REBX, France
| | - G Dörflinger
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Cyprus
| | - S Erba
- CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Brugherio, Italy
| | - N Flor
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - M Germ
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L Mancini
- National Health Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - P Manolaki
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - N Prat
- Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - S Sabater
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Spain
| | | | - E Tornés
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Spain
| | - I Tziortzis
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Cyprus
| | - G Urbanič
- Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia
| | - C Vieira
- University of Porto, Department of Biology, Portugal
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Feio MJ, Ferreira J, Buffagni A, Erba S, Dörflinger G, Ferréol M, Munné A, Prat N, Tziortzis I, Urbanič G. Comparability of ecological quality boundaries in the Mediterranean basin using freshwater benthic invertebrates. Statistical options and implications. Sci Total Environ 2014; 476-477:777-784. [PMID: 23993684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Within the Mediterranean region each country has its own assessment method based on aquatic macroinvertebrates. However, independently of the classification system, quality assessments should be comparable across members of the European Commission, which means, among others, that the boundaries between classes should not deviate significantly. Here we check for comparability between High-Good and Good-Moderate classifications, through the use of a common metric. Additionally, we discuss the influence of the conceptual and statistical approaches used to calculate a common boundary within the Mediterranean countries participating in the Intercalibration Exercise (e.g., using individual national type-boundaries, one value for each common type or an average boundary by country; weighted average, median) in the overall outcome. All methods, except for the IBMWP (the Iberian BMWP) when applied to temporary rivers, were highly correlated (0.82<R<0.98) with the common metric STAR-ICMi. This index was shown to respond well to a variety of pressures (especially local habitat alterations, riparian vegetation degradation, nutrient enrichment and chemical contamination, land use and global degradation; p<0.00001) affecting Mediterranean streams. However, depending on the statistical approach used, a different number of class boundaries failed the acceptable deviation from the common boundary (a quarter of class width). That leads to a different percentage of national sites failing to achieve good status and ultimately to a different technical and economic effort in the recovery of streams to that condition. We argue that low/high boundaries might have different meanings not restricted to the quality (good/bad) of reference conditions but also to the natural spatial and temporal variability contained in national and intercalibration types. The highly variable hydrological regimes of Mediterranean streams may influence the reference condition and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Feio
- Institute of Marine Research (IMAR-CMA), Dept. of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - J Ferreira
- Portuguese Environment Agency (APA, I.P.), Portugal
| | - A Buffagni
- CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Brugherio, Italy
| | - S Erba
- CNR-IRSA Water Research Institute, Brugherio, Italy
| | - G Dörflinger
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Cyprus
| | | | | | - N Prat
- Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Tziortzis
- Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Cyprus
| | - G Urbanič
- Institute for Water of the Republic of Slovenia, Slovenia
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Prat N, Ribera C, Rieradevall M, Villamarín C, Acosta R. Distribution, Abundance and Molecular Analysis of Genus Barbadocladius Cranston & Krosch (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Tropical, High Altitude Andean Streams and Rivers. Neotrop Entomol 2013; 42:607-617. [PMID: 27193279 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-013-0161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the genus Barbadocladius Cranston & Krosch (Diptera: Chironomidae), previously reported from Chile to Bolivia, has extended northwards. Larvae, pupae and pupal exuviae of this genus have been found in the high mountain tropical streams of Peru to 9°22'56″, but are restricted to very high altitude streams (altitudes over 3,278 m asl) compared to the lower altitude streams (below 1,100 m asl) in which the genus is reported in Chile and Argentina. Based on morphological studies, both described species in the genus, Barbadocladius andinus Cranston & Krosch and Barbadocladius limay Cranston & Krosch, have been found in Peru as pupae or pupal exuviae. Morphological analysis of the larvae and pupae revealed no differences between the two described species from Patagonia and Peru, which are of similar size and with a similar armament of hooklets and spines in pupal tergites and sternites. However, molecular analysis of larvae and pupae revealed that in Peru, there are at least two different evolutionary lines, one distributed widely and another restricted to one site. Phylogenetic analysis (using cox1 mitochondrial sequences) of all available sequences of Barbadocladius shows that the Chilean and Argentinean material differs from that of Peru. Therefore, a total of four molecular segregates are identified, although morphologically, neither larvae nor the pupae may be differentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prat
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Ribera
- Depto de Biologia Animal, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio), Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Rieradevall
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio), Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Villamarín
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Acosta
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Prat N, Acosta R, Rieradevall M. Presence of <i>Symbiocladius wygodzinskyi</i> Roback, 1965 (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Peru. Taxonomic remarks. GRAELLSIA 2013. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2013.v69.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Cañedo-Argüelles M, Kefford BJ, Piscart C, Prat N, Schäfer RB, Schulz CJ. Salinisation of rivers: an urgent ecological issue. Environ Pollut 2013; 173:157-167. [PMID: 23202646 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Secondary salinisation of rivers and streams is a global and growing threat that might be amplified by climate change. It can have many different causes, like irrigation, mining activity or the use of salts as de-icing agents for roads. Freshwater organisms only tolerate certain ranges of water salinity. Therefore secondary salinisation has an impact at the individual, population, community and ecosystem levels, which ultimately leads to a reduction in aquatic biodiversity and compromises the goods and services that rivers and streams provide. Management of secondary salinization should be directed towards integrated catchment strategies (e.g. benefiting from the dilution capacity of the rivers) and identifying threshold salt concentrations to preserve the ecosystem integrity. Future research on the interaction of salinity with other stressors and the impact of salinization on trophic interactions and ecosystem properties is needed and the implications of this issue for human society need to be seriously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Abstract
The persistence of aquatic insect populations in streams depends on the recruitment of larval populations from egg masses deposited by adults, especially after disturbance. However, recruitment of aquatic populations by oviposition is a process that remains unstudied in streams and rivers. The objectives of our study were to document flying and oviposition patterns of aquatic insects in a high altitude tropical stream during both dry and wet seasons. In particular we studied 1) richness and abundance of adult forms of aquatic insects flying and ovipositing; 2) number of eggs (oviposition pattern), egg mass identity, and morphology; and 3) substrate preferences by ovipositing females. We found 2,383 aquatic insects corresponding to 28 families, with dipterans representing 89% of total individuals collected. Adult insects had lower richness (28 taxa) than larval diversity (up to 52 taxa) and distinct community composition. Richness and relative abundance of most taxa (adults) were not significantly different between seasons, behaviors, diel period, or all three. During both sampling periods we found females with eggs in a total of 15 different families (13 in the dry season and 14 in the wet season). There were no significant differences in the proportion of females with eggs between seasons, diel periods, or different behaviors (flying versus ovipositing traps) of the different female taxa. Few types of egg masses were found in rocks at the stream during both seasons, and most egg masses found corresponded to families Baetidae and Chironomidae. Finally, we provide the first description of eggs masses (size, shape, color, and number of eggs per female) of gravid females (10 taxa) and those found in the stream substrate (six taxa) of Andean macroinvertebrates. This is the first study reporting oviposition, adult diversity, and oviposition patterns of aquatic insects in the Andean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Rios-Touma
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Group, Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona. Av. Diagonal 645, 08028- Barcelona, Spain.
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Cañedo-Argüelles M, Grantham TE, Perrée I, Rieradevall M, Céspedes-Sánchez R, Prat N. Response of stream invertebrates to short-term salinization: a mesocosm approach. Environ Pollut 2012; 166:144-51. [PMID: 22504538 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salinization is a major and growing threat to freshwater ecosystems, yet its effects on aquatic invertebrates have been poorly described at a community-level. Here we use a controlled experimental setting to evaluate short-term stream community responses to salinization, under conditions designed to replicate the duration (72 h) and intensity (up to 5 mS cm(-1)) of salinity pulses common to Mediterranean rivers subjected to mining pollution during runoff events. There was a significant overall effect, but differences between individual treatments and the control were only significant for the highest salinity treatment. The community response to salinization was characterized by a decline in total invertebrate density, taxon richness and diversity, an increase in invertebrate drift and loss of the most sensitive taxa. The findings indicate that short-term salinity increases have a significant impact on the stream invertebrate community, but concentrations of 5 mS cm(-1) are needed to produce a significant ecological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Cañedo-Argüelles
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management, Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Sánchez-Montoya MDM, Arce MI, Vidal-Abarca MR, Suárez ML, Prat N, Gómez R. Establishing physico-chemical reference conditions in Mediterranean streams according to the European Water Framework Directive. Water Res 2012; 46:2257-2269. [PMID: 22386888 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Type-specific physico-chemical reference conditions are required for the assessment of ecological status in the Water Framework Directive context, similarly to the biological and hydro-morphological elements. This directive emphasises that natural variability of quality elements in high status (reference condition) needs to be quantified. Mediterranean streams often present a marked seasonal pattern in hydrological, biological and geochemical processes which could affect physico-chemical reference conditions. This study establishes general physico-chemical reference conditions (oxygenation, nutrient, salinity and acidification conditions) for different Mediterranean stream types. 116 potential reference sites located in 23 Mediterranean catchments in Spain were sampled in spring, summer and autumn in 2003. All sites were subjected to a screening method for the selection of reference sites in Mediterranean streams (Mediterranean Reference Criteria) and classified using a pre-established stream typology that establishes five different stream types (temporary streams, evaporite-calcareous at medium altitude, siliceous headwaters, calcareous headwaters and large watercourses). Reference conditions (reference value and reference threshold equivalents to high-good class boundary) were calculated using two different methods according to the availability of reference sites: the reference site 75th percentile approach of all reference sites and the 25th percentile of the population approach. The majority of the studied potential reference sites (76 out of 116) were selected as reference sites. Regarding type-specific reference conditions, only siliceous headwaters could be considered different from the rest of stream types because lower conductivity and pH. All reference stream types presented seasonal differences as regards some parameters, except for temporary streams due to the high natural variation of this stream type. For those parameters which presented seasonal differences in a specific stream type, the least restrictive values were proposed as reference conditions.
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Ibáñez C, Alcaraz C, Caiola N, Rovira A, Trobajo R, Alonso M, Duran C, Jiménez PJ, Munné A, Prat N. Regime shift from phytoplankton to macrophyte dominance in a large river: Top-down versus bottom-up effects. Sci Total Environ 2012; 416:314-322. [PMID: 22178026 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The lower Ebro River (Catalonia, Spain) has recently undergone a regime shift from a phytoplankton-dominated to a macrophyte-dominated system. This shift is well known in shallow lakes but apparently it has never been documented in rivers. Two initial hypotheses to explain the collapse of the phytoplankton were considered: a) the diminution of nutrients (bottom-up); b) the filtering effect due to the colonization of the zebra mussel (top-down). Data on water quality, hydrology and biological communities (phytoplankton, macrophytes and zebra mussel) was obtained both from existing data sets and new surveys. Results clearly indicate that the decrease in phosphorus is the main cause of a dramatic decrease in chlorophyll and large increase in water transparency, triggering the subsequent colonization of macrophytes in the river bed. A Generalized Linear Model analysis showed that the decrease in dissolved phosphorus had a relative importance 14 times higher than the increase in zebra mussel density to explain the variation of total chlorophyll. We suggest that the described changes in the lower Ebro River can be considered a novel ecosystem shift. This shift is triggering remarkable changes in the biological communities beyond the decrease of phytoplankton and the proliferation of macrophytes, such as massive colonization of Simulidae (black fly) and other changes in the benthic invertebrate communities that are currently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Ibáñez
- IRTA Aquatic Ecosystems, Carretera Poble Nou, Km 5.5, 43540 St. Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain.
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Prat N, Rongieras F, Sarron JC, Miras A, Voiglio E. Contemporary body armor: technical data, injuries, and limits. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2012; 38:95-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s00068-012-0175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Grantham TE, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Perrée I, Rieradevall M, Prat N. A mesocosm approach for detecting stream invertebrate community responses to treated wastewater effluent. Environ Pollut 2012; 160:95-102. [PMID: 22035931 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Revised: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of wastewater from sewage treatment plants is one of the most common forms of pollution to river ecosystems, yet the effects on aquatic invertebrate assemblages have not been investigated in a controlled experimental setting. Here, we use a mesocosm approach to evaluate community responses to exposure to different concentrations of treated wastewater effluents over a two week period. Multivariate analysis using Principal Response Curves indicated a clear, dose-effect response to the treatments, with significant changes in macroinvertebrate assemblages after one week when exposed to 30% effluent, and after two weeks in the 15% and 30% effluent treatments. Treatments were associated with an increase in nutrient concentrations (ammonium, sulfate, and phosphate) and reduction of dissolved oxygen. These findings indicate that exposure to wastewater effluent cause significant changes in abundance and composition of macroinvertebrate taxa and that effluent concentration as low as 5% can have detectable ecological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore E Grantham
- Grup de Recerca Freshwater Ecology and Management (FEM), Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Munné A, Tirapu L, Solà C, Olivella L, Vilanova M, Ginebreda A, Prat N. Comparing Chemical and Ecological Status in Catalan Rivers: Analysis of River Quality Status Following the Water Framework Directive. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-25722-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Damásio J, Fernández-Sanjuan M, Sánchez-Avila J, Lacorte S, Prat N, Rieradevall M, Soares AMVM, Barata C. Multi-biochemical responses of benthic macroinvertebrate species as a complementary tool to diagnose the cause of community impairment in polluted rivers. Water Res 2011; 45:3599-3613. [PMID: 21571352 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biological indexes, based on benthic macroinvertebrate taxa, are currently used worldwide to measure river ecological quality. These indexes assign a global ecological status of the biotic community, but not necessarily may detect specific effects of water pollutants. Conversely a large set of biochemical markers measured in macroinvertebrate benthic species can detect sublethal effects and inform us about additional environmental factors that are impairing benthic communities. This is especially interesting in moderately polluted sites, where other stressors are already affecting communities but not too strongly to be detected by biotic indexes. Up to ten different markers belonging to distinct metabolic paths and 42 contaminants measured in sample collections of the caddis fly Hydropsyche exocellata were assessed across a polluted gradient in the industrialized Mediterranean River basins of Besós and Llobregat (NE, Spain). Twenty four sample collections were selected to include macroinvertebrate communities representing the five impairment degrees defined by the Spanish Environmental authorities using the biotic metrics. Results evidenced a clear deterioration of the ecological water quality parameters and benthic communities towards downstream reaches. Biochemical responses varied significantly across the studied samples and were able to differentiate samples within communities having a good and deteriorated ecological stage. Principal Component Analyses indicated that salinity was one of the major stresses affecting macroinvertebrate assemblages, whereas antioxidant and metabolizing enzymes responded differently and were closely related to high and presumably toxic levels of accumulated organic pollutants. Therefore these results indicate that the use of multiple -markers sensitive to water pollution may provide complementary information to diagnose environmental factors that are impairing macroinvertebrate communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Damásio
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Bonada N, Zamora-Muñoz C, Rieradevall M, Prat N. Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. GRAELLSIA 2011. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2004.v60.i1.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Puértolas L, Damásio J, Barata C, Soares AMVM, Prat N. Evaluation of side-effects of glyphosate mediated control of giant reed (Arundo donax) on the structure and function of a nearby Mediterranean river ecosystem. Environ Res 2010; 110:556-64. [PMID: 20541186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of the herbicide Herbolex (Aragonesas Agro, S.A., Madrid, Spain) to control giant reed (Arundo donax), which has glyphosate as active ingredient, on the structure and function of a nearby river ecosystem. Specifically, we assessed glyphosate environmental fate in the surrounding water and its effects on transplanted Daphnia magna, field collected caddisfly (Hydropsyche exocellata) and on benthic macroinvertebrate structure assemblages. Investigations were conducted in the industrialized and urbanized Mediterranean river Llobregat (NE Spain) before and after a terrestrial spray of glyphosate. Four locations were selected to include an upstream site and three affected ones. Measured glyphosate levels in river water following herbicide application were quite high (20-60 microg/l) with peak values of 137 microg/l after three days. After 12 days of its application, leaching of glyphosate from sprayed riverbanks was quite high in pore water (20-85 microg/l) but not in the river. Closely linked with the measured poor habitat and water physico-chemical conditions, macroinvertebrate communities were dominated by taxa tolerant to pollution and herbicide application did not affect the abundance or number of taxa in any location. Nevertheless, significant specific toxic effects on transplanted D. magna and field collected H. exocellata were observed. Effects included D. magna feeding inhibition and oxidative stress related responses such as increased antioxidant enzyme activities related with the metabolism of glutathione and increased levels of lipid peroxidation. These results emphasize the importance of combined chemical, ecological and specific biological responses to identify ecological effects of pesticides in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Puértolas
- Ecology Department, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Cid N, Ibáñez C, Palanques A, Prat N. Patterns of metal bioaccumulation in two filter-feeding macroinvertebrates: exposure distribution, inter-species differences and variability across developmental stages. Sci Total Environ 2010; 408:2795-2806. [PMID: 20394964 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the metal bioaccumulation of two aquatic insects (Ephoron virgo and Hydropsyche spp.) in order to evaluate the spatial distribution of metals, the interspecific differences between both filter-feeders and the bioaccumulation dynamics during E. virgo development stages. Hg, Cd, Ni, Cr, As, Pb, Cu, Ti, Zn and Mn were quantified in insects and in suspended particulate matter (SPM) sampled downstream and upstream of a chemical plant, where more than 300,000t of polluted sediments are deposited. Hg concentrations were one order of magnitude higher downstream of the sediment dump, which showed that the Hg pollution originated in the chemical plant. Cd, Ni, Cr, Pb, Ti, Zn and Mn in invertebrates revealed that metal pollution was present upstream in other parts of the river. Interspecific differences were observed for all metals but Mn; significantly higher concentrations were observed in E. virgo over Hydropsyche exocellata, except for Cd, which showed 10-fold higher values. Hg and Cd increased until E. virgo nymphs reached 11 mm and decreased afterwards in late instars when nymphs were about to emerge. Cr, Pb, Ti and Mn decreased along early instars followed by a steady state in late instars. Similar values were obtained for Cu, As and Zn along all instars. Sexual differences between males and females of E. virgo were observed for Cd, Cu and Mn. Hg and Cd persistence was strong across developmental stages since high concentrations were found in eggs and emerging adults. Because the behavior of different metals varied for the two species and during the developmental stages of E. virgo, care should be taken in the interpretation of insect metal concentrations when analyzing the food chain transfer of metals in river ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Cid
- Aquatic Ecosystems, IRTA, Carretera Poble Nou, Km 5.5, P.O.Box 200, E-43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain.
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Rieradevall M, Chaves ML, Prat N. High altitude Chironomidae (Diptera) of Serra da Estrela (Portugal): Additions to the Portuguese and Iberian Peninsula fauna. GRAELLSIA 2009. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2007.v63.i2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Bonada N, Zamora-Muñoz C, El Alami M, Múrria C, Prat N. New records of Trichoptera in reference Mediterranean-climate rivers of the Iberian Peninsula and north of Africa: taxonomical, faunistical and ecological aspects. GRAELLSIA 2009. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2008.v64.i2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Puntí T, Rieradevall M, Prat N. Environmental factors, spatial variation, and specific requirements of Chironomidae in Mediterranean reference streams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1899/07-172.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tura Puntí
- FEM (Freshwater Ecology and Management) Research Group, Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Rieradevall
- FEM (Freshwater Ecology and Management) Research Group, Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narcís Prat
- FEM (Freshwater Ecology and Management) Research Group, Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Vila-Escalé M, Vegas-Vilarrúbia T, Prat N. Release of polycyclic aromatic compounds into a Mediterranean creek (Catalonia, NE Spain) after a forest fire. Water Res 2007; 41:2171-9. [PMID: 17397897 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2006.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires produce polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of environmental concern. After a fire affecting a Mediterranean creek, we studied the distribution and short-term permanence of PACs and of 16 priority PAH pollutants in the aquatic environment. PACs were traced through absorbance and fluorescence emissions and organic carbon concentrations. PAHs were analysed by gas chromatography. High TOC/DOC concentrations and fluorescence/absorbance values reflected abnormal inputs of fire-induced aromatic compounds. Their concentrations decreased gradually but showed sporadic peaks after precipitation. Fifteen months later, values still surpassed background levels. Initially concentrations of individual and total PAH species of the dissolved, particulate and sediment phases were increased. Then they fluctuated with new PAH inputs related with runoff, leaching and soil erosion following precipitation events. All PAH concentrations approached background levels 15 months after the fire, and never reached values of toxicological concern. However, some bioaccumulation may have occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vila-Escalé
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Barcelona, Spain
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Nährig J, Höfler H, Heywang-Köbrunner SH, Prat N, Hölzel D, Wünsch PH, Lebeau A. [Experiences of the Bavarian mammography screening program]. Pathologe 2006; 27:387-91. [PMID: 16858556 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-006-0854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Bavarian Mammography Screening Program started in April 2003. A detailed analysis of the consistency of diagnosis in the evaluation of vacuum-assisted stereotactic or core needle breast biopsies is presented. A total of 32 pathologists participated in a blinded evaluation of the biopsies. Each case was evaluated independently by two participating pathologists. A total of 1,357 cases were reviewed. The histopathological reports of the biopsies made by the two consulting pathologists were compared. The concordance rate of the first and second consulting pathologist was 93% for the B-classification. In general, the level of diagnostic agreement was very high for well defined, benign and malignant lesions. Some of the discrepancies resulted from the incorrect application of the B-classification. Discrepancies in the reports were also due to divergent interpretation of benign and "borderline" lesions. The protocol for the blinded evaluation of breast biopsies in two rounds assured a high level of quality. In conclusion, prerequisites for the success of a mammography screening program are interdisciplinary consensus conferences and audit rounds involving pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nährig
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, München, Germany.
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Bonada N, Dallas H, Rieradevall M, Prat N, Day J. A comparison of rapid bioassessment protocols used in 2 regions with Mediterranean climates, the Iberian Peninsula and South Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1899/0887-3593(2006)25[487:acorbp]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Solà C, Prat N. Monitoring metal and metalloid bioaccumulation in Hydropsyche (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae) to evaluate metal pollution in a mining river. Whole body versus tissue content. Sci Total Environ 2006; 359:221-31. [PMID: 15907976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2005] [Accepted: 04/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Whole body metal concentration is easier to analyse than concentration in tissues, but is often not an accurate measure of the potential toxicity of the metal. We tested if whole body metal and metalloid concentrations in the caddisfly Hydropsyche (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae), common in a mine-polluted river (Guadiamar River, SW Spain), were a useful measure to extrapolate environmental degradation. Our results confirmed that metal and metalloid accumulation by Hydropsyche strongly correlated with metal and metalloid concentration both in the water and the sediment, and also correlated with macroinvertebrate community parameters such as total richness and abundance, as well as the richness of some taxonomic groups (EPT and OCH). Seven elements were analysed, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, Cd, Tl and Sb; only As did not show significant correlations. In addition, after leaving live organisms in clean water for 24 or 48 h, we found that 24 h were sufficient to clean the gut content and that between 33% and 75% of the whole body metal content were concentrated in this organ. Although concentration in tissues also discriminated between control and affected stations, we found better results with whole body concentrations when evaluating environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Solà
- Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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