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Quan T, Huang C, Yao Z, Liu Z, Ma X, Han D, Qi Y. Community-level risk assessments on organophosphate esters in the sediments from the Bohai Sea of China based on multimodal species sensitivity distributions coupled with the equilibrium partitioning method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174162. [PMID: 38909807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs), increasingly used as alternatives to brominated flame retardants, are ubiquitous in the global aquatic environment. Despite their potential toxicological impact on ecosystems, community-level risk assessments for OPEs in sediments remain scarce. This study investigated OPE occurrences and composition characteristics in the Bohai Sea's sediments and appraised both individual and joint ecological risks posed by characteristic OPE homologs using ten commonly used species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models, integrating acute-to-chronic conversion and phase equilibrium partitioning. OPEs were detected across all sediment samples, with total concentrations ranging from 0.213 ng/g dry weight (dw) to 91.1 ng/g dw. The predominant congeners included tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), triisobutyl phosphate (TiBP), tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), and triphenylphosphine oxide. Best-fit SSD models varied among TnBP, TiBP, TCEP, TCPP, and TDCIPP, demonstrating Sigmoid, Burr III, Sigmoid, Burr III, and Burr III, respectively. The same parametric model demonstrated variability in the fitting process for different OPE congeners, which also happened to the fitting results of ten parametric models for the same specific characteristic congener, underscoring the necessity of employing multiple models for precise community-level risk assessments. Hazard concentrations for a 5% cumulative probability were 0.116 mg/L, 2.88 mg/L, 1.30 mg/L, 1.44 mg/L, and 1.85 mg/L for each respective congener. The resulting risk quotients (RQ) and overall hazard index (HI) were selected as criteria to assess the individual and joint ecological risks of OPEs in sediments from the Bohai Sea, respectively. RQ and HI were both below 0.1, indicating a low risk to the local ecosystems. Multi-model SSD analysis could provide refined data for community-level risk evaluation, offering valuable insights for the development of evidence-based environmental standards and pollution control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Quan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chunliang Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Ziwei Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhenyang Liu
- New Energy Research Institute, China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Xindong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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Ma K, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Trend of PFAS concentrations and prediction of potential risks in Taihu Lake of China by AQUATOX. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118707. [PMID: 38490632 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are recognized as emerging environmental pollutants due to their high persistence and toxicities to humans and animals. Understanding the temporal trend of PFAS in the environment is important for their pollution control and making appropriate policies. Many studies have reported the PFAS concentrations in Taihu Lake, the third largest lake in China, while their temporal trend during the years was seldom investigated. This study summarizes the PFAS concentrations in the water, sediment and organisms in Taihu Lake from 2009 to 2020 to depict their temporal trends. Meanwhile, the ecological model of AQUATOX was applied to evaluate and predict the potential risks of PFAS from 2012 to 2030. The results showed that the total PFAS concentrations varied but without distinct increase or decrease in both water and sediment during the years, while PFAS concentrations in organisms significantly decreased. The yearly mean concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the water were 21.7-25.4 ng/L and 9.7-26.5 ng/L respectively, lower than the Standards for Drinking Water Quality of China and the suggested water quality criteria to protect the aquatic organisms. In sediment, PFOA and PFOS concentrations were 0.16-0.69 ng/g and 0.15-0.82 ng/g respectively, much lower than the recommended sediment quality guideline values. Based on the AQUATOX prediction, there will be no major threats caused by PFAS to the growth of biota in Taihu Lake in the near future, while the biomass of some species (e.g. carp) will be affected under the perturbation of PFAS. Both field investigation and AQUATOX simulation showed that PFOS concentrations in invertebrates and fish descend steadily, while no remarkable decrease in PFOA concentrations was expected. This study suggests a decreasing ecological risk of PFAS in Taihu Lake, while highlights the necessity of continuous monitoring of PFAS contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yueshu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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Sun T, Ji C, Li F, Wu H. Time Is Ripe for Targeting Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances-Induced Hormesis: Global Aquatic Hotspots and Implications for Ecological Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9314-9327. [PMID: 38709515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Globally implemented ecological risk assessment (ERA) guidelines marginalize hormesis, a biphasic dose-response relationship characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. The present study illuminated the promise of hormesis as a scientific dose-response model for ERA of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represented by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). A total of 266 hormetic dose-response relationships were recompiled from 1237 observations, covering 30 species from nine representative taxonomic groups. The standardized hormetic amplitudes followed the log-normal probability distribution, being subject to the limits of biological plasticity but independent of stress inducers. The SHapley Additive exPlanations algorithm revealed that the target endpoint was the most important variable explaining the hormetic amplitudes. Subsequently, quantitative frameworks were established to incorporate hormesis into the predicted no-effect concentration levels, with a lower induction dose and a zero-equivalent point but a broader hormetic zone for PFOS. Realistically, 10,117 observed concentrations of PFOA and PFOS were gathered worldwide, 4% of which fell within hormetic zones, highlighting the environmental relevance of hormesis. Additionally, the hormesis induction potential was identified in other legacy and emerging PFAS as well as their alternatives and mixtures. Collectively, it is time to incorporate the hormesis concept into PFAS studies to facilitate more realistic risk characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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Yuan W, Song S, Lu Y, Shi Y, Yang S, Wu Q, Wu Y, Jia D, Sun J. Legacy and alternative per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Bohai Bay Rim: Occurrence, partitioning behavior, risk assessment, and emission scenario analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168837. [PMID: 38040376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of alternative per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has been practiced because of the restrictions on legacy PFASs. However, knowledge gaps exist on the ecological risks of alternatives and relationships between restrictions and emissions. This study systematically analyzed the occurrence characteristics, water-sediment partitioning behaviors, ecological risks, and emissions of legacy and alternative PFASs in the Bohai Bay Rim (BBR). The mean concentration of total PFASs was 46.105 ng/L in surface water and 6.125 ng/g dry weight (dw) in sediments. As an alternative for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) had a concentration second only to PFOA in surface water. In sediments, perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA) and GenX were the two predominant contaminants. In the water-sediment partitioning system, GenX, 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanone-1-sulfonic acid (F-53B), and 11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (8:2 Cl-PFESA) tended to be enriched towards sediments. The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models revealed the low ecological risks of PFASs and their alternatives in the BBR. Moreover, predicted no-effected concentrations (PNECs) indicated that short-chain alternatives like PFBA and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) were safer for aquatic ecosystems, while caution should be exercised when using GenX and F-53B. Due to the incremental replacement of PFOA by GenX, cumulative emissions of 1317.96 kg PFOA and 667.22 kg GenX were estimated during 2004-2022, in which PFOA emissions were reduced by 59.2 % due to restrictions implemented since 2016. If more stringent restrictions are implemented from 2023 to 2030, PFOA emissions will further decrease by 85.0 %, but GenX emissions will increase by an additional 21.3 %. Simultaneously, GenX concentrations in surface water are forecasted to surge by 2.02 to 2.45 times in 2023. This study deepens the understanding of PFAS alternatives and assists authorities in developing policies to administer PFAS alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yonglong Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yajuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yanqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dai Jia
- Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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5
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Takdastan A, Babaei AA, Jorfi S, Ahmadi M, Tahmasebi Birgani Y, Jamshidi B. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in water and edible fish species of Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran: spatial distribution, human health, and ecological risk assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:803-814. [PMID: 36709497 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2168630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are environmental contaminants with unfavorable impacts on human health and nature. This study aimed to determine the PFOA and PFOS concentration in water and fish samples from Karun, the largest river in Iran. According to the results, the PFOA and PFOS in water samples were 5.81-69.26 ng/L and not detected (n.d.)-35.12 ng/L, respectively. The dry season displayed higher concentrations in water samples than in the wet season. The maximum PFOS concentration measured was related to Barbus barbules sp. (27.89 ng/g). The human health risk assessment indicated minor risks (hazard ratio, HR < 1) from PFOA and PFOS through consuming contaminated drinking water and fish. Only HR value of PFOS in downstream area exceeded slightly 1.0, indicating potential health risk due to consumption of the river fish. Considering the average PFASs concentration, the risk quotients (RQs) showed low ecological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Takdastan
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Babaei
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sahand Jorfi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ahmadi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani
- Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behzad Jamshidi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Petroleum Industry Health Organization, NIOC, Ahvaz, Iran
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Mofijur M, Hasan MM, Ahmed SF, Djavanroodi F, Fattah IMR, Silitonga AS, Kalam MA, Zhou JL, Khan TMY. Advances in identifying and managing emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems: Analytical approaches, toxicity assessment, transformation pathways, environmental fate, and remediation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122889. [PMID: 37972679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are increasingly recognized as threats to human health and ecosystems. This review evaluates advanced analytical methods, particularly mass spectrometry, for detecting ECs and understanding their toxicity, transformation pathways, and environmental distribution. Our findings underscore the reliability of current techniques and the potential of upcoming methods. The adverse effects of ECs on aquatic life necessitate both in vitro and in vivo toxicity assessments. Evaluating the distribution and degradation of ECs reveals that they undergo physical, chemical, and biological transformations. Remediation strategies such as advanced oxidation, adsorption, and membrane bioreactors effectively treat EC-contaminated waters, with combinations of these techniques showing the highest efficacy. To minimize the impact of ECs, a proactive approach involving monitoring, regulations, and public education is vital. Future research should prioritize the refining of detection methods and formulation of robust policies for EC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mofijur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - M M Hasan
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD, 4701, Australia
| | - Shams Forruque Ahmed
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - F Djavanroodi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - I M R Fattah
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - A S Silitonga
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - M A Kalam
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - T M Yunus Khan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Zeng Y, Li J, Zhao Y, Yang W. Community ecological response to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Baiyangdian Lake based on an ecological model. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:34-46. [PMID: 38182933 PMCID: PMC10830818 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic response of a single population to chemicals can be represented by a Weibull function. However, it is unclear whether the overall response can still be represented in this manner when scaled up to the community level. In this study, we investigated the responses of biological communities to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by using an ecological model of Baiyangdian Lake in northern China. The community dynamics process was divided into the following three stages. In the first stage, toxicity, played a dominant role and strong, medium, and weak species responses were observed according to the toxicity sensitivity. In the second stage, the dynamic process was dominated by the interaction strength with three alternative dynamic pathways comprising of direct response, no response, or inverse response. In the third stage, the toxicity was again dominant, and the biomasses of all species decreased to extinction. The toxicological dynamics were far more complex at the community level than those at the single species level and they were also influenced by the interaction strength as well as toxicity. The toxicological dynamic process in the community was constantly driven by the competing effects of these two forces. In addition to the total biomass, the interaction strength was identified as a suitable community-level signal because it exhibited good indicator properties regarding ecosystem steady-state transitions. However, we found that food web stability indicators were not suitable for use as community-level signals because they were not sensitive to changes in the ecosystem state. Some ecological management suggestions have been proposed, including medium to long-term monitoring, and reduction of external pollution loads and bioindicators. The results obtained in this study increase our understanding of how chemicals interfere with community dynamics, and the interaction strength and total biomass were identified as useful holistic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yanwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Zhang J, Tao H, Shi J, Ge H, Li B, Wang Y, Zhang M, Li X. Deriving aquatic PNECs of endocrine disruption effects for PFOS and PFOA by combining species sensitivity weighted distributions and adverse outcome pathway networks. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140583. [PMID: 37918539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), as emerging endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), pose adverse effects on aquatic organisms. Conventional ecological risk assessment (ERA) not fully considering the mode of toxicity action of PFOS and PFOA, may result in an underestimation of risks and confuse decision-makers. In the study, we developed species sensitivity weighted distribution (SSWD) models based on adverse outcome pathway (AOP) networks for deriving predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs). Three kinds of weighting criteria (intraspecies variation, trophic level abundance, and data quality) and weighted log-normal distribution methods were adopted. The developed models considered the inter/intraspecies variation and integrated nontraditional endpoints of endocrine-disrupting effects. The PNECs of endocrine disruption effects were derived as 2.52 μg/L (95% confidence intervals 0.667-9.85 μg/L) for PFOS and 18.7 μg/L (5.40-71.0 μg/L) for PFOA, which were more conservative than those derived from the SSD method and were comparable with the values in the literature based on the chronic toxicity data. For PFOS, the effect of growth and development was the most sensitive; however, for PFOA, the effect of reproduction was the most sensitive in the effects of growth and development, reproduction, biochemistry and genetics, and survival. The endocrine-disrupting effects of PFOS and PFOA are significant and need to be fully recognized in the ERA. This study provided an ERA framework that can improve the ecological relevance and reduce the uncertainty of PNECs of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huanyu Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianghong Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Hui Ge
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yunhe Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mengtao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang YH, Ding TT, Huang ZY, Liang HY, Du SL, Zhang J, Li HX. Environmental exposure and ecological risk of perfluorinated substances (PFASs) in the Shaying River Basin, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139537. [PMID: 37478992 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
There have been concerns raised about the environmental effects of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) because of their toxicity, widespread distribution, and persistence. Understanding the occurrences and ecological risk posed by PFASs is essential, especially for the short-chain replacements perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), which are now becoming predominant PFASs. The lack of aquatic life criteria (ALC), however, prevents an accurate assessment of the ecological risks of PFBA and PFBS. This study thus investigated the occurrence of 15 PFASs at 29 sampling sites in Shaying River Basin (in China) systematically, conducted the toxicity tests of PFBA and PFBS on eight resident aquatic organisms in China, and derived the predicted non-effect concentration (PNEC) values for PFBA and PFBS for two environmental media in China. The results showed that the total PFASs concentrations (ΣPFASs) ranged from 5.07 to 20.32 ng/L (average of 10.95 ng/L) in surface water, whereas in sediment, ΣPFASs ranged from 6.46 to 20.05 ng/g (dw) (average of 11.51 ng/g). The presence of PFBS was the most prominent PFASs in both water (0.372-8.194 ng/L) and sediment (4.54-15.72 ng/g), demonstrating that short-chain substitution effects can be observed in watersheds. The PNEC values for freshwater and sediment were 6.60 mg/L and 8.30 mg/kg (ww), respectively, for PFBA, and 14.04 mg/L, 37.08 mg/kg (ww), respectively, for PFBS. Ecological risk assessment of two long-chain PFASs, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and two short-chain PFASs, PFBA and PFBS, using the hazard quotient method revealed that Shaying River and other major River Basins in China were at risk of PFOS contamination. This study contributes to a better understanding of the presence and risk of PFASs in the Shaying River and first proposes the ALCs for PFBA and PFBS in China, which could provide important reference information for water quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
| | - Ting-Ting Ding
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Zi-Yan Huang
- Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310005, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Hong-Yi Liang
- Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Shi-Lin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Hui-Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
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10
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Sun X, Ding TT, Wang ZJ, Huang P, Liu SS. Optimized Derivation of Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNECs) for Eight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Using HC 10 Based on Acute Toxicity Data. TOXICS 2023; 11:563. [PMID: 37505529 PMCID: PMC10384761 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
For persistent organic pollutants, a concern of environmental supervision, predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) are often used in ecological risk assessment, which is commonly derived from the hazardous concentration of 5% (HC5) of the species sensitivity distribution (SSD). To address the problem of a lack of toxicity data, the objectives of this study are to propose and apply two improvement ideas for SSD application, taking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as an example: whether the chronic PNEC can be derived from the acute SSD curve; whether the PNEC may be calculated by HC10 to avoid solely statistical extrapolation. In this study, the acute SSD curves for eight PAHs and the chronic SSD curves for three PAHs were constructed. The quantity relationship of HC5s between the acute and chronic SSD curves was explored, and the value of the assessment factor when using HC10 to calculate PNEC was derived. The results showed that, for PAHs, the chronic PNEC can be estimated by multiplying the acute PNEC by 0.1, and the value of the assessment factor corresponding to HC10 is 10. For acenaphthene, anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, the chronic PNECs based on the acute HC10s were 0.8120, 0.008925, 0.005202, 0.07602, 2.328, 12.75, 0.5731, and 0.05360 μg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ding
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ze-Jun Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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11
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Cheng H, Jin H, Lu B, Lv C, Ji Y, Zhang H, Fan R, Zhao N. Emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in water and sediment from Qiantang River-Hangzhou Bay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162687. [PMID: 36906013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are being used in China, due to the gradual phase out of legacy PFASs. Occurrence and environmental behaviors of emerging PFASs in Chinese fresh water environment are still not well known. In this study, 31 PFASs, including 14 emerging PFASs, were measured in 29 pairs of water and sediment samples from Qiantang River-Hangzhou Bay, an important drinking water resource for cities in Yangtze River basin. Perfluorooctanoate was consistently the predominant legacy PFAS in water (8.8-130 ng/L) and sediment (3.7-49 ng/g dw). Twelve emerging PFASs were detected in water, with the dominance of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonates (6:2 Cl-PFAES; mean 11 ng/L, 0.79-57 ng/L) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS; 5.6 ng/L, < LOD-29 ng/L). Eleven emerging PFASs were found in sediment, and were also dominated by 6:2 Cl-PFAES (mean 4.3 ng/g dw, 0.19-16 ng/g dw) and 6:2 FTS (2.6 ng/g dw, < LOD-9.4 ng/g dw). Spatially, sampling sites closed to the surrounding cities had comparatively higher water concentrations of PFASs. Among emerging PFASs, 8:2 Cl-PFAES (3.0 ± 0.34) had the highest mean field-based log-transformed organic‑carbon normalized sediment-water partition coefficient (log Koc), followed by 6:2 Cl-PFAES (2.9 ± 0.35) and hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (2.8 ± 0.32). p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (2.3 ± 0.60) and 6:2 FTS (1.9 ± 0.54) had relatively lower mean log Koc values. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study investigating the occurrence and partitioning behaviors of emerging PFASs in Qiantang River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Cheng
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, PR China.
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, PR China
| | - Bin Lu
- Zhejiang Yilong Environmental Protection Technology Co., Taiyue Digital Port, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311202, PR China
| | - Chenhan Lv
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yinghui Ji
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Zhongyuan Energy Company Limited, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Rui Fan
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, PR China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, PR China
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12
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Perina FC, Abessa DMDS, Pinho GLL, Castro ÍB, Fillmann G. Toxicity of antifouling biocides on planktonic and benthic neotropical species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:61888-61903. [PMID: 36934191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Organotin-based (OTs: TBT and TPT) antifouling paints have been banned worldwide, but recent inputs have been detected in tropical coastal areas. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating the toxicity of both legacy and their substitute antifouling booster biocides (e.g., Irgarol and diuron) on neotropical species. Therefore, the acute toxicity of four antifouling biocides (TBT, TPT, Irgarol, and diuron) was investigated using the marine planktonic organisms Acartia tonsa and Mysidopsis juniae, the estuarine tanaid Monokalliapseudes schubarti (water exposure), and the burrowing amphipod Tiburonella viscana (spiked sediment exposure). Results confirmed the high toxicity of the OTs, especially to planktonic species, being about two orders of magnitude higher than Irgarol and diuron. Toxic effects of antifouling compounds were observed at levels currently found in tropical coastal zones, representing a threat to planktonic and benthic invertebrates. Furthermore, deterministic PNECmarine sediment values suggest that environmental hazards in tropical regions may be higher due to the higher sensitivity of tropical organisms. Since regulations on antifouling biocides are still restricted to a few countries, more ecotoxicological studies are needed to derivate environmental quality standards based on realistic scenarios. The present study brings essential contributions regarding the ecological risks of these substances in tropical and subtropical zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Cesar Perina
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de Oceanografia - IO. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal.
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- Instituto de Biociências. Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São Vicente, SP, 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Lopes Leães Pinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de Oceanografia - IO. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália S/N, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de Oceanografia - IO. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
- Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Santos, SP, 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Fillmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanologia, Instituto de Oceanografia - IO. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Av. Itália S/N, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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13
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Ren JN, Zhu NZ, Meng XZ, Gao CJ, Li K, Jin LM, Shang TT, Ai FT, Cai MH, Zhao JF. Occurrence and ecological risk assessment of 16 phthalates in surface water of the mainstream of the Yangtze River, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:66936-66946. [PMID: 37099107 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), a class of typical endocrine disruptors, have received considerable attention due to their widespread applications and adverse effects on biological health. In this study, 30 water samples, along the mainstream of the Yangtze River (YR), were collected from Chongqing (upper stream) to Shanghai (estuary) from May to June in 2019. The total concentrations of 16 targeted PAEs ranged from 0.437 to 20.5 μg/L, with an average of 1.93 μg/L, where dibutyl phthalate (DBP, 0.222-20.2 μg/L), bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP, 0.254-7.03 μg/L), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP, 0.0645-0.621 μg/L) were the most abundant PAEs. According to the pollution level in the YR to assess the ecological risk posed by PAEs, the results showed medium risk level of PAEs in the YR, among which DBP and DEHP posed a high ecological risk to aquatic organisms. The optimal solution for DBP and DEHP is found in ten fitting curves. The PNECSSD of them is 2.50 μg/L and 0.34 μg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Nan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning-Zheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chong-Jing Gao
- College of Biological & Environmental Science, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Min Jin
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Shang
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang-Ting Ai
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Hong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Jian-Fu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing, 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
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14
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Mheidli N, Malli A, Mansour F, Al-Hindi M. Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in surface waters of the Middle East and North Africa: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158302. [PMID: 36030863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounds in surface water are perceived as contaminants of emerging concern due to their impacts on the aquatic environment and human health. The risk associated with these compounds has not been quantified in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This review identified that 210 pharmaceutical compounds have been analyzed in MENA water compartments between 2008 and 2022. In fact, 151 of these substances were detected in at least one of 13 MENA countries where occurrence studies had been conducted. Antibiotics claimed the highest number of pharmaceuticals detected with concentrations ranging between 0.03 and 66,400 ng/L (for Thiamphenicol and Spiramycin respectively). To investigate whether any of these compounds exert an ecological, human health, or antibiotic resistance risk, a screening-level risk assessment was performed in surface water matrices using maximum, median, and minimum concentrations. 39 and 8 detected pharmaceuticals in MENA surface waters posed a possible risk on aquatic ecosystems and human health respectively. Extremely high risk quotients (>1000) for six pharmaceuticals (17β estradiol, spiramycin, diclofenac, metoprolol, ethinylestradiol, and carbamazepine) were enumerated based on maximal concentrations implying an alarming risk on aquatic toxicity. Moreover, hormones posed the highest possible risk on human health whether ingested through drinking water or fish (e.g., 17β-estradiol had a health risk quotient of 2880 for children). Spiramycin showed a high risk of antibiotic resistance with a risk quotient of 133. This review serves as a basis for future prioritization studies and regulatory guidelines in the MENA region to minimize the risks of the identified compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Mheidli
- Baha and Walid Bassatne Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Energy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Malli
- Baha and Walid Bassatne Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Energy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Fatima Mansour
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mahmoud Al-Hindi
- Baha and Walid Bassatne Department of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Energy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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15
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Li Q, Wang P, Wang C, Hu B, Wang X. A novel procedure for predicting chronic toxicities and ecological risks of perfluorinated compounds in aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114132. [PMID: 35995232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) can pose adverse effect on aquatic species and community structure. However, little is known about how the characteristics of molecules of PFCs affect their chronic toxic potencies to aquatic species, and the species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) and ecological risk assessments of PFCs are hampered by limited available data of chronic toxicity. In the present study, a novel procedure is proposed to obtain the ecological risk of PFCs using existing exposure concentrations of PFCs and SSDs integrated with the chronic toxicity prediction through robust QSAR models. The results showed that the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (ELUMO) exhibited the strongest correlation with the chronic toxicities of 15 PFCs (R2 > 0.844, F > 16.206, p < 0.05). SSDs of 15 PFCs on eight species were first constructed, and the SSD fitting parameters were significantly correlated with ELUMO (R2 > 0.610, F > 19.471, p < 0.05). The QSAR-SSDs support the evaluation of hazardous criteria of PFCs for which data are lacking. Given environmental exposure distributions (EEDs) of the national presence of PFCs in aquatic systems in China, the QSAR-SSDs models allow the development of the ecological risk assessment for PFCs. This way, it was concluded that negligible environmental risk (defined as 5% of the species being potentially exposed to concentrations able to cause effects in < 5% of the case) could be expected from exposure to PFCs in surface waters in China. This method may be helpful for providing an evidence-based approach to guide the risk management for PFCs in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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16
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Dong L, Zhang L, Peng Z, Guo J, Zhang X, Zhou L, Zheng L, Liu J, Huang Y. Monitoring and ecological risk assessment of contaminants in freshwater bodies by bioindicators in China: a proposed framework. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:82098-82109. [PMID: 35750902 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21223-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicators can provide pollution information with longer temporal duration and larger spatial scale. It is an ideal strategy for long-term monitoring of bioaccumulative contaminants. Bioindicator monitoring has been widely used; however, there were seldom detailed studies about bioindicator methodology in literature. The present study proposed a bioindicator framework suitable for the local conditions of China, including selection of bioindicator species, evaluation of impact factors, and derivation of threshold values using per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) as an example. The criteria that proper bioindicator species should meet and the procedure how the bioindicator species is selected were proposed, under which crucian carp (Carassius auratus) was selected as the local bioindicator for studied PFASs. Several factors which may affect accumulation of contaminants in bioindicators were suggested to produce reliable and comparable results. Derivation method of bioindicator thresholds for ecological risk assessment of aquatic ecosystems was firstly developed. The long-term and short-term ecological thresholds of perfluorooctanesulfonate using crucian carp as bioindicator are 3.329 and 1.402 μg/g wet weight respectively. Using the long-term thresholds derived from chronic toxicity data and the accumulative concentrations of contaminants obtained by bioindicator results, the bioindicator monitoring can be used for long-term ecological risk surveillance. The threshold derivation method can extend the application of bioindicator monitoring from the occurrence study to ecological risk surveillance, which is especially important for China who has made progresses on regular contaminant control and starts to be concerned about the ecological risks of the emerging contaminants. The framework can be used to create national and regional long-term freshwater bioindicator monitoring programs, with the purposes of ecological risk assessment, occurrence and temporal trend study, pollution source identification, international convention fulfillment, retrospective study, etc. The bioindicator framework will benefit the aquatic environmental safety and the hazardous chemical management in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Zhang
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Peng
- Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zheng
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yeru Huang
- National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
- Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zeng Y, Yang W, Zhao Y. Ecological impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on Baiyangdian Lake based on an ecosystem model. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Mu H, Li J, Chen L, Hu H, Wang J, Gu C, Zhang XX, Ren HQ, Wu B. Distribution, source and ecological risk of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Chinese municipal wastewater treatment plants. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 167:107447. [PMID: 35940032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are sinks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) generated by human activities and are also sources of PFASs in aquatic environment. This study analyzed distribution, source and ecological risk of 14 PFASs in influent and effluent samples from 148 Chinese municipal WWTPs. Composition and concentrations of PFASs in the influents and effluents had obvious spatial differences. Fluoropolymer processing aids/wrappers and textile treatments/coatings were found to be the dominant sources in WWTP influents, which accounted for 78.34% of all sources. Consumption structure and metal and transportation equipment manufacturing affected the spatial differences of PFASs in WWTPs. Further, mean removal rate of total PFASs in all WWTPs was -5.45%. The conventional treatment processes can not effectively remove PFASs and no significant difference was found among different treatment processes. However, risk quotient values of PFASs in effluents were all below 0.1, indicating low risk or no risk to aquatic organisms. It should be noted that the composition, source and ecological risk of PFASs in east China were different from the other regions, which need more attentions. This study sheds insights into occurrencesof PFASs in municipal WWTPs, which should be helpful for their control strategy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jiahao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Cheng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hong-Qiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Hong Y, Feng C, Jin X, Xie H, Liu N, Bai Y, Wu F, Raimondo S. A QSAR-ICE-SSD model prediction of the PNECs for alkylphenol substances and application in ecological risk assessment for rivers of a megacity. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 167:107367. [PMID: 35944286 PMCID: PMC10015408 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alkylphenols (APs) are ubiquitous and generally present in higher residue levels in the environment. The present work focuses on the development of a set of in silico models to predict the aquatic toxicity of APs with incomplete/unknown toxicity data in aquatic environments. To achieve this, a QSAR-ICE-SSD model was constructed for aquatic organisms by combining quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), interspecies correlation estimation (ICE), and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models in order to obtain the hazardous concentrations (HCs) of selected APs. The research indicated that the keywords "alkylphenol" and "nonylphenol" were most commonly studied. The selected ICE models were robust (R2: 0.70-0.99; p-value < 0.01). All models had a high reliability cross- validation success rates (>75%), and the HC5 predicted with the QSAR-ICE-SSD model was 2-fold than that derived with measured experimental data. The HC5 values demonstrated nearly linear decreasing trend from 2-MP to 4-HTP, while the decreasing trend from 4-HTP to 4-DP became shallower, indicates that the toxicity of APs to aquatic organisms increases with the addition of alkyl carbon chain lengths. The ecological risks assessment (ERA) of APs revealed that aquatic organisms were at risk from exposure to 4-NP at most river stations (the highest risk quotient (RQ) = 1.51), with the highest relative risk associated with 2.9% of 4-NP detected in 82.9% of the sampling sites. The targeted APs posed potential ecological risks in the Yongding and Beiyun River according to the mixture ERA. The potential application of QSAR-ICE-SSD models could satisfy the immediate needs for HC5 derivations without the need for additional in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Huiyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yingchen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Sandy Raimondo
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecosystem Measurement and Modeling Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, United States
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20
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Huang P, Liu SS, Wang ZJ, Ding TT, Xu YQ. Deriving the predicted no effect concentrations of 35 pesticides by the QSAR-SSD method. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134303. [PMID: 35288184 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of pesticides results in their frequent detection in water bodies and other environmental media. Pesticide residues may cause certain risks to the environment and human health, and reliable predicted no effect concentrations (PNEC) must be obtained when assessing environmental risks. Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) is an important method for the derivation of chemical PNECs. Construction of the SSD model requires sufficient toxicity data to various species including at least eight families in three phyla, suitable nonlinear fitting functions and assessment factors (AFs) with certain uncertainty. However, most chemicals could not collect sufficient species toxicity data, while some chemicals had sufficient species toxicity data but could not find suitable fitting functions, thus hindering the construction of effective SSD models. To this end, the established QSAR models were applied to predict toxicity of chemicals to specific species to fill in the toxicity data gaps required for SSD and selecting multiple nonlinear functions to optimize the SSD model. Combined with QSAR and SSD methods, a new method of PNEC derivation was developed and successfully applied to the derivation of PNEC for 35 pesticides. Three QSAR models were used to predict the toxicities of six pesticides with few toxicity data. Nine two-parameter nonlinear functions were used to fit the toxicity-cumulative probability data one by one to determine the optimal SSD models. The hazardous concentrations at the cumulative probability of 5% and 10%, i. e, HC5 and HC10, respectively, were calculated by the optimal SSD model. The assessment factor used to determine the PNEC of the chemical based on the HC10 was derived from the quantitative correlation between HC10 and HC5 of pesticides found in this study. When the toxicity data are insufficient, it may be more appropriate to calculate the PNECs of chemicals using HC10 than using HC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Ze-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Ding
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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21
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Guo W, Li J, Luo M, Mao Y, Yu X, Elskens M, Baeyens W, Gao Y. Estrogenic activity and ecological risk of steroids, bisphenol A and phthalates after secondary and tertiary sewage treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118189. [PMID: 35184019 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) are an important source of estrogenic substances to the receiving water bodies affecting their ecological safety. In this study, steroids, bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates were assessed in the secondary (SE) and tertiary effluent (TE) of three typical urban STPs in Beijing (China). In addition, the overall estrogenic activity in these effluents was assessed by an in-vitro bioassay (ERE-CALUX). Results showed that the concentrations and activities of estrogenic compounds in TE were lower than those in SE. The residual concentration of 17β-estradiol (E2) was the highest among the detected steroids, accounting for 51.6 ± 5.1% in SE and 57.5 ± 24.8% in TE. The residual level (25.2-41.6 ng/L) of BPA in effluents was significantly higher than that of steroids (0.2-28.8 ng/L). The residual concentration of diethyl phthalate was the highest among the detected phthalates accounting for 47.1 ± 5.1% in SE and 37.6 ± 11.5% in TE. Steroids and BPA had a higher removal rate (83.5% and 96.7%) in secondary and tertiary treatment than phthalates (68.8% and 83.1%). The hydrophobic characteristics of these estrogenic compounds determined the removal mechanism. The removal of steroids, BPA, dimethyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate (LogKow= 1.61-4.15) mainly occurred through biodegradation in the water phase, while the removal of dibutyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (LogKow= 4.27-7.50) mainly occurred in the solid phase after adsorption on and sedimentation of the suspended particulate matter. According to ERE-CALUX, the estrogenic activity in the final STP effluents was 3.2-45.6 ng E2-equivalents/L, which is higher than reported levels in the effluents of European STPs. Calculation of estrogenic equivalents by using substance specific chemical analysis indicated that the dominant contributor was E2 (56.4-88.4%), followed by 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) (4.1-34.8%), both also exerting a moderate risk to the aquatic ecosystem. While the upgrade of treatment processes in STPs has efficiently reduced the emission of estrogenic substances, their ecological risk was not yet phased out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Belgium; College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jun Li
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Belgium
| | - Yan Mao
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center of MEE, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiangyi Yu
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center of MEE, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Marc Elskens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geochemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050, Belgium.
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22
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Bai J, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Tian Z. Assessment and a review of research on surface water quality modeling. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.109888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang ZJ, Liu SS, Huang P, Xu YQ. Mixture predicted no-effect concentrations derived by independent action model vs concentration addition model based on different species sensitivity distribution models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112898. [PMID: 34673416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the hazard assessment of mixtures, the mixture predicted no-effect concentration (mPNEC) is always derived by the concentration addition (CA) model (mPNECCA) to assess the risk of mixtures combined with exposure assessment. However, the independent action (IA) model, which is also widely used as the CA model in the prediction and evaluation of mixture toxicity, is always used to calculate the population fraction showing a predefined effect, not mPNEC, and this limits the application of IA model in the mixture risk assessment. In this study, we explored the process of mPNEC derived by the IA method (mPNECIA) based on the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) and compared mPNECIA with mPNECCA. Taking two common pesticides, dimethoate (DIM) and dichlorvos (DIC), exposed in the actual water environment as an example, their SSD models were constructed separately using nine distribution functions after toxicity data screening and quality testing. For both DIC and DIM, all different nine models had passed the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Then, the PNECs of two pesticides were derived based on SSD models. Finally, mPNECIA with different concentration ratios was derived and compared to mPNECCA based on 81 combinations of nine SSD models. Most mPNEC values derived by IA model were more conservative than those by CA. It is worth noting that the mPNECIA is more conservative than mPNECCA for the commonly used log-logit distribution (function 7), log-normal distribution (8), and log-Weibull distribution (9). This study provides a new direction for the application of IA in the risk assessment and enriches the framework of mixture risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Peng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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24
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Zhao Z, Gong X, Ding Q, Jin M, Wang Z, Lu S, Zhang L. Environmental implications from the priority pollutants screening in impoundment reservoir along the eastern route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148700. [PMID: 34214810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Screening priority pollutants from vast anthropogenic contaminants discharged into aquatic environment is urgent for protecting water quality definitely. The multi-criteria scoring method involved in the occurrence (O), persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), ecological risk (Eco-T), and human health risk (Hum-T), was established for pollutants prioritization in waters and applied in Dongping Lake, the final impoundment reservoir along the eastern route of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP). A total of 170 chemicals including heavy metals (HMs), volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PAEs), and antibiotics (ANTs) were investigated as the candidates. Accordingly, 42 chemicals including 8 PAEs, 7 OCPs, 7 PCBs, 5 PAHs, 13 HMs, and 2 VOCs were made up the list of priority pollutants for Dongping Lake, suggesting the necessity of routine monitoring high priority groups and revising the existing list. Multiple risk assessment indicated higher ecological and human health risks induced by HMs than by organic pollutants. Spatial distribution of risks stressed the retention of toxic organic chemicals by the lake body and the accumulation of HMs along the transfer route, respectively, thus triggering ecosystem responses and potential effects on the water-receiving areas as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Xionghu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiqi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaode Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongting, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Research, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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25
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Maltby L, Brown R, Faber JH, Galic N, Van den Brink PJ, Warwick O, Marshall S. Assessing chemical risk within an ecosystem services framework: Implementation and added value. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148631. [PMID: 34243988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An ecosystem services (ES) approach to chemical risk assessment has many potential advantages, but there are also substantial challenges regarding its implementation. We report the findings of a multi-stakeholder workshop that evaluated the feasibility of adopting an ES approach to chemical risk assessment using currently available tools and data. Also evaluated is the added value such an approach would bring to environmental decision making. The aim was to build consensus across disparate stakeholders and to co-produce a common understanding of the regulatory benefits and feasibility of implementing an ES approach in European chemicals regulation. Workshop discussions were informed by proof of concept studies and resulted in the development of a novel tiered framework for assessing chemical risk to ES delivery. There was consensus on the substantial added value of adopting an ES-based approach for regulatory decision making. Ecosystem services provide a common currency and a 'unifying approach' across environmental compartments, stressors and regulatory frameworks. The ES approach informs prioritisation of risk and remedial action and aids risk communication and risk management. It facilitates a more holistic assessment, enables ES trade-offs to be compared across alternative interventions, and supports comparative risk assessments and a socio-economic analysis of management options and decisions. Key to realising this added value is a shift away from using a single threshold value to categorise risk, towards a consideration of the exposure-effect distribution for individual ES of interest. Also required is the development of an integrated systems-level approach across regulatory frameworks and agreement on specific protection goals and scenarios for framing environmental risk assessments. The need to further develop tools for extrapolating toxicity data to service providers and ES delivery, including logic chains and ecological production functions, was highlighted. Also agreed was the need for methods and metrics for ES valuation to be used in assessing trade-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Maltby
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
| | - Ross Brown
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Jack H Faber
- Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nika Galic
- Syngenta Crop Protection LLC., Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver Warwick
- Peter Fisk Associates Ltd, Saxon House, John Roberts Business Park, Pean Hill, Whitstable, Kent CT5 3BJ, UK
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Huang C, Zhang J, Hu G, Zhang L, Chen H, Wei D, Cai D, Yu Y, Li X, Ding P, Li J. Characterization of the distribution, source, and potential ecological risk of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in the inland river basin of Longgang District, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117642. [PMID: 34182383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in receiving water bodies of typical industrial parks under the low-carbon development mode are scarce. In the present study, 18 PFASs were analyzed in surface water and sediment samples of the inland river basin in Longgang District in 2017. The ΣPFAS concentrations in surface water (drought and rainy periods) and sediment ranged from 15.17 to 948.50 ng/L, 11.56-561.14 ng/L, and 1.07-28.94 ng/g dw, respectively. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) were the dominant pollutants in surface water, with maximum concentrations of 867.68 ng/L, 288.28 ng/L, and 245.09 ng/L, respectively. Meanwhile, PFOS, perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUdA), PFBS, and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were the major PFASs in the sediment samples, with maximum concentrations of 9.83 ng/g dw, 11.86 ng/g dw, 5.30 ng/g dw, and 5.23 ng/g dw, respectively. In addition, PFOA and PFOS resulted from similar sources in sediment and surface water samples (P < 0.05). The risk quotient value (RQ) results showed that the control of PFOS in the treatment of pollutants in the inland river basin of Longgang District deserves more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chushan Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Jiaji Zhang
- Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Haikou, 570100, China
| | - Guocheng Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, PR China
| | - Dongyang Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Dan Cai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ping Ding
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Jing Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
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Bandeira FO, Alves PRL, Hennig TB, Brancalione J, Nogueira DJ, Matias WG. Chronic effects of clothianidin to non-target soil invertebrates: Ecological risk assessment using the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126491. [PMID: 34323739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the chronic toxicity and risk of clothianidin in a seed dressing formulation to non-target soil invertebrates. The toxicity assays were performed with two oligochaetes (earthworms Eisenia andrei and enchytraeids Enchytraeus crypticus) and three collembolans (Folsomia candida, Proisotoma minuta and Sinella curviseta) species following ISO protocols. Risk assessment (via Hazard Quotient approach - HQ) was based on the hazardous concentrations for 95% of the species (HC5), derived from chronic Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSD) for clothianidin, and on its predicted environmental concentrations (PEC). Four SSD scenarios were generated with literature and/or this study data, following different data selection criteria (i.e., general, only data from tests using similar formulations, similar soils, or identical soil/formulation). In our experiments, a higher clothianidin toxicity (EC50-based) was found for collembolans (varying from 0.11 to 0.28 mg kg-1 between species) followed by the earthworms (4.35 mg kg-1), while the enchytraeids were the least sensitive (33.5 mg kg-1). HQ indicated a significant risk of clothianidin to soil invertebrates because the estimated PEC were at least 16.6 times higher than HC5 and are expected to affect the whole group of collembolans. Despite the criteria for data inclusion have influenced the HC5 values, no substantial changes were observed for the risk outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing the chronic ecological risk of clothianidin to beneficial soil fauna based on a probabilistic SSD approach. Data from this study can help to derive more reliable protection thresholds for clothianidin in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ogliari Bandeira
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, 89802112 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Thuanne Braúlio Hennig
- Department of Soil Science, Santa Catarina State University, Av. Luis de Camões, 2090, 88520-000 Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Juliane Brancalione
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, 89802112 Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Diego José Nogueira
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil
| | - William Gerson Matias
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-970, Brazil.
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28
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Li Q, Wang P, Hu B, Wang C, Li D. Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) in Surface Water of China: National Exposure Distributions and Probabilistic Risk Assessment. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:470-481. [PMID: 34545443 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive application of the probabilistic risk assessment methodology for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which are two types of perfluoroalkyl acids frequently studied in recent years. The exposure characteristics of PFOA and PFOS in Chinese surface water on a nationwide scale were summarized. Individual predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) and the sensitivities for taxonomic groups of primary producers, invertebrates, and vertebrates were derived by the species sensitivity distributions method. Both hazard quotients (HQs) and joint probability curves were calculated to assess the risks to aquatic organisms. Among seven Chinese river basins, the mean concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in the Yangtze River Basin were the highest (58 ng/L and 22 ng/L, respectively), while the lowest concentrations (< 1 ng/L) were in the Songhua River Basin. The acute PNEC value was 2.43 mg/L for PFOA and 0.96 mg/L for PFOS, and the chronic PNEC value was 0.0067 mg/L for PFOA and 0.0012 mg/L for PFOS, respectively. The sensitivities of different taxonomic groups revealed higher sensitivity of primary producers for PFOA and higher sensitivity of invertebrates for PFOS. The acute HQs of PFOA and PFOS were less than 1. The probabilities of exposure concentrations exceeding 5th percentile toxicity value of the chronic data for all aquatic organisms were 1.65% for PFOA and 1.23% for PFOS, respectively, suggesting a low probability of effects to aquatic organisms. Compared with the risk scenarios worldwide, the ecological risks for chronic effects decreased in the order of PFOS (worldwide) > PFOA (China) > PFOS (China) > PFOA (worldwide).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Li X, Zhang R, Tian T, Shang X, Du X, He Y, Matsuura N, Luo T, Wang Y, Chen J, Kadokami K. Screening and ecological risk of 1200 organic micropollutants in Yangtze Estuary water. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 201:117341. [PMID: 34171645 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Yangtze River, the third largest river in the world, has been polluted by various organic chemicals. In 2018, China decided to implement ecological restoration of the Yangtze River to protect the river. However, except for some conventional pollution indices such as COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and NH4+-N, the overall levels and risks of a wide variety of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the Yangtze Estuary is not clear. Herein, results from a wide-range screening on levels and risks of OMPs in the Yangtze Estuary water were reported. 36 water samples were collected at 9 sites in the Yangtze Estuary in 2012 and 2013. Approximately 1200 OMPs were screened. A total of 131 OMPs were detected with total concentrations ranging from 1.8×103 to 9.7×103 ng/L. A tiered strategy was proposed to simplify the assessment of multi-substance ecological risks. Results showed that risk quotient (RQ) for 77% of the OMPs was less than 0.1. For 20 OMPs with RQ ≥ 0.1, joint probabilistic risks were assessed by species sensitivity distribution models. The joint risks as expressed by multi-substance potentially affected fractions are > 5%, and are not insignificant. The results may serve as a benchmark for protecting biodiversity in the Yangtze Estuary, as China motivated to have a fundamental improvement on the environmental quality by 2035.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ruohan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaochen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xu Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Naoki Matsuura
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Tianlie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecological and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan.
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Owumi SE, Akomolafe AP, Imosemi IO, Odunola OA, Oyelere AK. N-acetyl cysteine co-treatment abates perfluorooctanoic acid-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14037. [PMID: 33724529 DOI: 10.1111/and.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid is a synthetic perfluoroalkyl-persistent in the environment and toxic to humans. N-acetylcysteine is a pro-drug of both amino acid l-cysteine and glutathione-a non-enzymatic antioxidant. N-acetylcysteine serves as an antidote for paracetamol poisoning and alleviates cellular oxidative and inflammatory stressors. We investigated N-acetylcysteine role against reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats (weight: 140-220 g; 10 weeks old) posed by perfluorooctanoic acid exposure. Randomised rat cohorts were dosed both with perfluorooctanoic acid (5 mg/kg; p.o) or co-dosed with N-acetylcysteine (25 and 50 mg/kg p.o) for 28 days. Sperm physiognomies, biomarkers of testicular function and reproductive hormones, oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated. Co-treatment with N-acetylcysteine significantly (p < .05) reversed perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated decreases in reproductive enzyme activities, and adverse effect on testosterone, luteinising and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations. N-acetylcysteine treatment alone, improved sperm motility, count and viability, and reduced total sperm abnormalities. Co-treatment with N-acetylcysteine mitigated perfluorooctanoic acid-induced alterations in sperm function parameters. N-acetylcysteine abated (p < .05) perfluorooctanoic acid-induced oxidative stress in experimental rats testes and epididymis, and generally improved antioxidant enzyme activities and cellular thiol levels. Furthermore, N-acetylcysteine suppressed inflammatory responses and remedied perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated histological injuries in rat. Cooperatively, N-acetylcysteine enhanced reproductive function in perfluorooctanoic acid dosed rats, by lessening oxidative and nitrative stressors and mitigated inflammatory responses in the examined organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayomide P Akomolafe
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Innocent O Imosemi
- Neuroanatomy Research Laboratories, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oyeronke A Odunola
- Change-Lab, CRMB Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Karthikeyan P, Marigoudar SR, Mohan D, Sharma KV, Ramana Murthy MV. Prescribing sea water quality criteria for arsenic, cadmium and lead through species sensitivity distribution. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111612. [PMID: 33396132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water quality standards are essential for regulation of contaminants in marine environment. Seawater quality criteria (SWQC) for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) have not been developed for India. The aim of this study is to derive the SWQC for the metals based on Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD). Eight species of sensitive marine organisms belonging to five phyla were assessed for their sensitivity to toxicity of As, Cd and Pb. Median effective concentrations (EC50) and Median Lethal Concentrations (LC50) were derived from the acute toxicity bio-assays. No Observed Effect Concentrations (NOEC), Lowest Observed Effect Concentrations (LOEC) and chronic values were derived from chronic toxicity bio-assays. Diatoms were more sensitive to As with 96 h EC50 of 0.1 mg/l and copepods were more sensitive to Cd and Pb with 96 h EC50 of 0.019 mg/l and 0.05 mg/l respectively. Estimated NOECs ranged from 4.87 to 21.55 µg/l of As, 1.0 to 120 µg/l of Cd and 5.67 to 91.67 µg/l of Pb. Similarly, chronic values (µg/l) were in the range of 6.71-26.1, 1.38-170, and 7.67-91.67 of As, Cd and Pb respectively. The Criterion Maximum Concentration (CMC), Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC) and Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) values were prescribed as SWQC. The CMC (µg/l) of 19, 1.7 and 17 for As, Cd, and Pb were derived respectively for acute exposure during accidental marine outfalls. The CCC (µg/l) for As was 4.6, 1.1 for Cd and 5.9 for Pb are recommended as SWQC for protection of 95% of marine organisms. PNEC (µg/l) of 3.8 for As, 0.92 for Cd and 4.3 for Pb are suggested for highly disturbed ecosystems, shell fishing and mariculture uses of water bodies. These values are recommended as a baseline for site specific water quality criteria for the coastal waters of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panneerselvam Karthikeyan
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Shambanagouda R Marigoudar
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India.
| | - Dhandapani Mohan
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Krishna Venkatarama Sharma
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
| | - M V Ramana Murthy
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600100, India
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Abstract
Indirect effects in ecotoxicology are defined as chemical- or pollutant-induced alterations in the density or behavior of sensitive species that have cascading effects on tolerant species in natural systems. As a result, species interaction networks (e.g., interactions associated with predation or competition) may be altered in such a way as to bring about large changes in populations and/or communities that may further cascade to disrupt ecosystem function and services. Field studies and experimental outcomes as well as models indicate that indirect effects are most likely to occur in communities in which the strength of interactions and the sensitivity to contaminants differ markedly among species, and that indirect effects will vary over space and time as species composition, trophic structure, and environmental factors vary. However, knowledge of indirect effects is essential to improve understanding of the potential for chemical harm in natural systems. For example, indirect effects may confound laboratory-based ecological risk assessment by enhancing, masking, or spuriously indicating the direct effect of chemical contaminants. Progress to better anticipate and interpret the significance of indirect effects will be made as monitoring programs and long-term ecological research are conducted that facilitate critical experimental field and mesocosm investigations, and as chemical transport and fate models, individual-based direct effects models, and ecosystem/food web models continue to be improved and become better integrated.
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Hoeks S, Huijbregts MA, Douziech M, Hendriks AJ, Oldenkamp R. Mean Species Abundance as a Measure of Ecotoxicological Risk. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:2304-2313. [PMID: 32786097 PMCID: PMC7693057 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical pollution of surface waters is considered an important driver for recent declines in biodiversity. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) are commonly used to evaluate the ecological risks of chemical exposure, accounting for variation in interspecies sensitivity. However, SSDs do not reflect the effects of chemical exposure on species abundance, considered an important endpoint in biological conservation. Although complex population modeling approaches lack practical applicability when it comes to the routine practice of lower tier chemical risk assessment, in the present study we show how information from widely available laboratory toxicity tests can be used to derive the change in mean species abundance (MSA) as a function of chemical exposure. These exposure-response MSA relationships combine insights into intraspecies exposure-response relationships and population growth theory. We showcase the practical applicability of our method for cadmium, copper, and zinc, and include a quantification of the associated statistical uncertainty. For all 3 metals, we found that concentrations hazardous for 5% of the species (HC5 s) based on MSA relationships are systematically higher than SSD-based HC5 values. Our proposed framework can be useful to derive abundance-based ecological protective criteria for chemical exposure, and creates the opportunity to assess abundance impacts of chemical exposure in the context of various other anthropogenic stressors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2304-2313. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selwyn Hoeks
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Mark A.J. Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Mélanie Douziech
- Centre of Observations, Impacts, Energie, MINES Paris Tech, PSL UniversitySophia AntipolisFrance
| | - A. Jan Hendriks
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Rik Oldenkamp
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud University NijmegenNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Environment Department, University of York, HeslingtonYorkUnited Kingdom
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Zhang X, Lin Z. Hormesis-induced gap between the guidelines and reality in ecological risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125348. [PMID: 31765892 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Guidelines of ecological risk assessment (ERA) used worldwide, based on S-shaped threshold dose-response curve, fail to consider hormesis, a biphasic dose-response model represented as a J-shaped or an inverted U-shaped curve, that occurs in real-life environment. Now that humans are routinely exposed to chemicals below the threshold where hormetic stimulation prevails, it is noteworthy that over-strictness about chemical control also means a waste of limited resources. So hormesis leads to the gap between guidelines with S-shaped model and reality with hormesis model concerning ERA. In this study, hormetic effects of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) on the bioluminescence of Aliivibrio fischeri (A. f) under 41 conditions to simulate the real environment were investigated and compared with ERA practice by some parameters, such as no observed effect concentration (NOEC), hormetic-stimulatory range (HSR) and goal concentration (GC). Not only is the reproducibility of hormesis in real-life contexts confirmed, binomial distribution (p = 0.644 > 0.05) of the relative position of GC and HSR is also found, revealing a 50% probability for GC to falls in HSR, which proves the over-strictness of ERA both qualitatively and quantitatively. This study provides a novel view for ERA that hormetic principles should dominate, and conditions where S-shaped dose-response model works should be singled out on a specific basis to bridge the hormesis-induced gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
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Lu BQ, Liu SS, Wang ZJ, Xu YQ. Conlecs: A novel procedure for deriving the concentration limits of chemicals outside the criteria of human drinking water using existing criteria and species sensitivity distribution based on quantitative structure-activity relationship prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121380. [PMID: 31614281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water quality criteria (WQC) for an increasing number of emerging chemicals need to be developed to protect human health and biological safety. Existing species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methods can only be used to help establish WQC for ecological protection, and cannot be extended to the protection of human beings from various hazards. In this study, a novel procedure called Conlecs is proposed to derive the concentration limits (ConLs) of pesticides outside the criteria for human drinking water (CHDW) using the existing criteria of pesticides and SSD integrated with the toxicity prediction achieved through robust QSAR models. Optimal SSD models of four pesticides (within the CHDW) and two pesticides (outside the CHDW) on 12 species were first constructed, and the existing ConLs of four pesticides within the CHDW were then utilized to select the most suitable species for the optimal proportions to avoid human hazards (PHH), allowing the ConLs of two pesticides outside the CHDW to be derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Qing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shu-Shen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Ze-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Puerta YT, Guimarães PS, Martins SE, Martins CDMG. Toxicity of methylparaben to green microalgae species and derivation of a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) in freshwater ecosystems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 188:109916. [PMID: 31733936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methylparaben (MeP) is one of the most used preservatives in the industry; however, the toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study was conducted (1) to identify and compare the toxic effects of MeP on physiological parameters of different green microalgae species, using suitable mathematical models; and (2) to estimate a PNEC value for MeP in freshwater ecosystems, adopting either the deterministic or the probabilistic approaches. Toxicity tests were carried out with three green microalgae (Pseudopediastrum boryanum, Desmodesmus communis, Raphidocelis subcapitata), in which different endpoints such as growth rate, chlorophyll-a, and cell viability were measured and compared through the effective concentration which caused a response in x% of test organisms (ECx). ECx were obtained by adjusting different non-linear regression models for each microalgae dataset. Chlorophyll-a endpoint resulted in the lowest EC50 values, respectively 125, 81.2, 18.3 mg L-1 for D. communis, P. boryanum and R. subcapitata, showing R. subicapitata as the most sensitive, and D. communis as the most tolerant species to MeP (P < 0.05). PNEC was estimated from the present study and previous reports resulting in 5.7 and 65 μg L-1, respectively for the deterministic (PNECd) and the probabilistic (PNECp) approach. The development of chronic assays using test organisms from different ecological groups is encouraged to provide robust PNECp. In this meantime, we recommend the use of the estimated PNECd to support MeP risk assessments and policy formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarin Tatiana Puerta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; GeoLimna, Faculty of engineering, University of Antioquia, Medellín, 67th street # 53 - 108, Colombia
| | - Pablo Santos Guimarães
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Samantha Eslava Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande - FURG, Av Itália, Km 8, Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
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Zhang L, Shen L, Qin S, Cui J, Liu Y. Quinolones antibiotics in the Baiyangdian Lake, China: Occurrence, distribution, predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) and ecological risks by three methods. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113458. [PMID: 31706758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence, distribution, and ecological risk of 10 quinolones (QNs) were investigated in the water and sediment samples from Baiyangdian Lake, China. The field samplings were conducted in April (dry season) and August (wet season) 2018, the results showed that QNs was extensively distributed in the Baiyangdian Lake. For the occurrence, Flumequine (FLU) and Ofloxacin (OFL) were the most detected QNs in Baiyangdian Lake. For the temporal variation, the sum concentration of QNs in water and sediment were ranged from 153 ng/L to 3093 ng/L and from 40.1 ng/g to 1475 ng/g in April, while ranged from 3.83 ng/L to 769 ng/L and from 20.3 ng/g to 373 ng/g in August. For the spatial variation, all of QNs exhibited significance difference in concentration at different sampling areas. Furthermore, PNEC plays an important role in ecological risk assessment, thus the PNECs of FLU and OFL were derived by assessment factors (AF), species sensitivity distribution (SSD), and AQUATOX model methods. The results showed that: PNECAFs, PNECSSDs, and PNECAQUATOXs were 18.7 μg/L, 196 μg/L, and 128 μg/L for FLU, respectively; and were 0.021 μg/L, 4.40 μg/L, and 3.00 μg/L for OFL, respectively. The PNECs for FLU and OFL derived by three approaches showed the rank of: PNECSSDs > PNECAQUATOXs > PNECAFs; while the risk quotients (RQs) followed the other rank of: RQSSDs < RQAQUATOXs < RQAFs. The results was indicated that the indirect ecological effects plays an important role in the derived PNECs for QNs, without considering the indirect ecological effects in natural ecosystem can lead to under-protective or over-protective PNECs (RQs) for chemicals. Therefore, AQUATOX model can be applied in deriving PNECs during the ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhang
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Lina Shen
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shan Qin
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiansheng Cui
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050000, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (MOE), Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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Douziech M, Ragas AMJ, van Zelm R, Oldenkamp R, Jan Hendriks A, King H, Oktivaningrum R, Huijbregts MAJ. Reliable and representative in silico predictions of freshwater ecotoxicological hazardous concentrations. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105334. [PMID: 31760260 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A reliable quantification of the potential effects of chemicals on freshwater ecosystems requires ecotoxicological response data for a large set of species which is typically not available in practice. In this study, we propose a method to estimate hazardous concentrations (HCs) of chemicals on freshwater ecosystems by combining two in silico approaches: quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) and interspecies correlation estimation (ICE) models. We illustrate the principle of our QSAR-ICE method by quantifying the HCs of 51 chemicals at which 50% and 5% of all species are exposed above the concentration causing acute effects. We assessed the bias of the HCs, defined as the ratio of the HC based on measured ecotoxicity data and the HC based on in silico data, as well as the statistical uncertainty, defined as the ratio of the 95th and 5th percentile of the HC. Our QSAR-ICE method resulted in a bias that was comparable to the use of measured data for three species, as commonly used in effect assessments: the average bias of the QSAR-ICE HC50 was 1.2 and of the HC5 2.3 compared to 1.2 when measured data for three species were used for both HCs. We also found that extreme statistical uncertainties (>105) are commonly avoided in the HCs derived with the QSAR-ICE method compared to the use of three measurements with statistical uncertainties up to 1012. We demonstrated the applicability of our QSAR-ICE approach by deriving HC50s for 1,223 out of the 3,077 organic chemicals of the USEtox database. We conclude that our QSAR-ICE method can be used to determine HCs without the need for additional in vivo testing to help prioritise which chemicals with no or few ecotoxicity data require more thorough assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Douziech
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ad M J Ragas
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Open University, Faculty of Management Science & Technology, Valkenburgerweg 177, NL-6419 AT Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalie van Zelm
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rik Oldenkamp
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health & Development, AHTC Tower C4, Paasheuvelweg 25, 1105 BP Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Jan Hendriks
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry King
- Safety & Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire MK441LQ, UK
| | - Rafika Oktivaningrum
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Narain-Ford DM, Bartholomeus RP, Dekker SC, van Wezel AP. Natural Purification Through Soils: Risks and Opportunities of Sewage Effluent Reuse in Sub-surface Irrigation. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 250:85-117. [PMID: 32939618 DOI: 10.1007/398_2020_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique M Narain-Ford
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
| | - Ruud P Bartholomeus
- KWR Water Research Institute, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan C Dekker
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Science, Faculty of Management, Science and Technology, Open University, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie P van Wezel
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Guo Q, Wei D, Zhao H, Du Y. Predicted no-effect concentrations determination and ecological risk assessment for benzophenone-type UV filters in aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113460. [PMID: 31685328 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenones (BPs), a group of widely used ultraviolet filters, have been frequently detected out in multiple environment matrices even in organism bodies. Although a variety of toxicological effects of BPs have been disclosed recently, it is barely to evaluate the potential ecological risk of BPs due to lack of reference criteria. Therefore, the determination of predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) values is necessary for assessing ecological risk of BPs and for protecting safety of aquatic organisms. The toxicological data of 14 BPs from both in vivo tests on aquatic organisms and in vitro tests on strains/cell lines were collected from previous reports, and two methods including assessment factor (AF) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) were applied to calculate PNECs, respectively. Four groups of PNECs were obtained and compared, a final PNEC value was recommended for each BP based on reliable and conservative consideration. With these PNECs values, the risk quotients of 8 BPs from 35 ambient freshwater samples were calculated, the results demonstrated that 3 BPs including 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxyl-BP, 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl- BP, and 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyl-5-sulfonic acid-BP exhibited high ecological risk, and the ecological risk posed by BPs in River Tiff in UK was great. It is anticipated that these results would provide useful reference for assessing and managing BP-type compounds, and for selecting toxicity data and methods to derive PNECs for emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaorong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Huimin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuguo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Sardiña P, Leahy P, Metzeling L, Stevenson G, Hinwood A. Emerging and legacy contaminants across land-use gradients and the risk to aquatic ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 695:133842. [PMID: 31426001 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Information on potentially harmful emerging and legacy chemicals is essential to understand the risks to the environment and inform regulatory actions. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence, concentration, and distribution of emerging and legacy contaminants across a gradient of land-use intensity and determine the risk posed to aquatic ecosystems. The land-use intensity gradient considered was: background/undeveloped < low-intensity agriculture < high-intensity agriculture < urban residential < urban industrial. Twenty-five sites were sampled for surface water, sediment, and soil. A total of 218 chemicals were analyzed: pesticides, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polybrominated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), phthalates, and short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs). The risk posed by the analyzed chemicals to the aquatic environment was measured using hazard quotients (HQs), which were calculated by dividing the maximum measured environmental concentration by a predicted no-effect concentration for each chemical. A HQ > 1 was considered to indicate a high risk of adverse effects from the given chemical. A total of 68 chemicals were detected: 19 pesticides, 18 PFAS, 28 PBDEs, two phthalates, and SCCPs (as total SCCPs). There were no significant differences in the overall chemical composition between land uses. However, the insecticide bifenthrin, PFAS, PBDEs, and phthalates were more frequently found in samples from residential and/or industrial sites, suggesting urban land uses are hotspots and potential large-scale sources of these chemicals. Nineteen chemicals had a HQ > 1; most had a restricted spatial distribution limited to high-intensity agriculture and industrial sites in Melbourne. Bifenthrin and the perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) had the highest HQs in residential and industrial sites, suggesting an increased risk to aquatic ecosystems in urban settings. The results of this study will enhance future research, predictive methods, and effective targeting of monitoring, and will help guide regulatory management actions and mitigation solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sardiña
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Victoria 3085, Australia.
| | - Paul Leahy
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Victoria 3085, Australia.
| | - Leon Metzeling
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Victoria 3085, Australia.
| | - Gavin Stevenson
- National Measurement Institute, 105 Delhi Road, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
| | - Andrea Hinwood
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Victoria 3085, Australia.
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Gouveia D, Almunia C, Cogne Y, Pible O, Degli-Esposti D, Salvador A, Cristobal S, Sheehan D, Chaumot A, Geffard O, Armengaud J. Ecotoxicoproteomics: A decade of progress in our understanding of anthropogenic impact on the environment. J Proteomics 2019; 198:66-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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