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Zhang X, Zhao B, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhong J, Diao J, Ma F, Liu H, Duan K. Sources, interactions, influencing factors and ecological risks of microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes in soil: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:175226. [PMID: 39098429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are gaining increasing attention as they pose a threat to the ecological environment and human health as emerging contaminants. MPs has been proved to be a hot spot in ARGs, and although it has been extensively studied in water environment, the results of bibliometrics statistical analysis in this paper showed that relevant studies in soil ecological environment are currently in the initial stage. In view of this, the paper provides a systematic review of the sources, interactions, influencing factors, and ecological risks associated with MPs and ARGs in soil environments. Additionally, the mechanism and influencing factors of plastisphere formation and resistance are elaborated in detail. The MPs properties, soil physicochemical properties, soil environmental factors and agricultural activities are the primarily factors affecting the interaction between MPs and ARGs in soil. Challenges and development directions of related research in the future are also prospected. It is hoped that the review could assist in a deeper comprehension and exploration of the interaction mechanism between MPs and ARGs in soil as well as the function of MPs in the transmission process of ARGs among diverse environmental media and organisms, and provide theory basis and reference for the MPs and ARGs pollution control and remediation in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baowei Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingquan Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinkui Zhong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingru Diao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fengfeng Ma
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kaixiang Duan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Huang X, Zhao X, Fu L, Yang G, Luo L. The distribution and key influential factors of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural soils polluted by multiple heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:385. [PMID: 39167301 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic activities such as mining, several agricultural soils are polluted by multiple heavy metals. However, it is still unclear whether multiple heavy metals could affect the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and how metals affect ARGs. To understand ARGs' distribution in heavy metal-polluted soils, we chose soils contaminated by different types and contents of heavy metals to determine the ARGs' number and abundance through high-throughput quantitative real-time PCR (HT-qPCR) in this study. Additionally, the factors affecting ARGs' distribution, such as soil properties, mobile genetic genes (MGEs), and bacterial communities, were explored. The results demonstrated that the sampled soils were primarily contaminated by Cd, As, Pb, and Zn, and the pollution load index (PLI) values of these metals ranged from 1.3 to 2.7, indicating a low to moderate degree of heavy metal contamination. The number and abundance of ARGs ranged from 44 to 113 and from 2.74 × 107 copies/g to 1.07 × 108 copies/g, respectively. Besides, abundant MGEs in soils, ranging from 1.84 × 106 copies/g to 5.82 × 106 copies/g, were observed. The pathway analysis suggested that MGEs were the most important factor directly affecting ARG abundance (0.89). Notably, heavy metals also affected the ARG abundance. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, the main heavy metal tolerant bacteria, were found to be the main hosts of ARGs through network analysis. ARG-carrying pathogens (ACPs) in agricultural soils were found to carry MGEs, indicating a high risk of dissemination. This study provided important information for understanding the ARGs' fate and also the key factors affecting ARGs' spread in multiple heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou H, Lu Z, Liu X, Bie X, Cui X, Wang Z, Sun X, Yang J. Characterization and transmission of plasmid-mediated multidrug resistance in foodborne Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1437660. [PMID: 39144225 PMCID: PMC11322368 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1437660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the structural features and transferability of the multidrug-resistance (MDR) plasmid, and resistance phenotypes for the tested antimicrobials in foodborne Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Methods Plasmids were isolated from a V. parahaemolyticus strain of seafood origin, then sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and PacBio Sequel II sequencing platforms to obtain the complete genome data. Characterization of the MDR plasmid pVP52-1, including determination of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), plasmid incompatibility groups, and transferability, was carried out. Results V. parahaemolyticus strain NJIFDCVp52 contained two circular chromosomes and two circular plasmids (pVP52-1 and pVP52-2). Plasmid typing indicated that pVP52-1 belonged to the incompatibility group IncA/C2 and the sequence type pST3. pVP52-1 carried 12 different ARGs, an IS110-composite transposon consisting of aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrVC1, aac(6')-Ib, dfrA14, and the IS26-mphA-IS6100 unit flanked by inverted sequences of IS5075 and IS4321. pVP52-2 carried no ARGs. A plasmid elimination assay showed that only pVP52-1 and its ARGs were lost, the loss of resistance to several antimicrobials, causing a change from the ampicillin-ampicillin/sulbactam-cefazolin-cefoxitin-ceftazidime-cefotaxime-imipenem-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance pattern to the ampicillin resistance pattern. In accordance, a conjugation transfer assay showed that only pVP52-1 and its ARGs were horizontally transferred, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli strain EC600, causing a change from the ampicillin-nalidixic acid resistance pattern to the ampicillin-ampicillin/sulbactam-cefazolin-cefoxitin-ceftazidime-cefotaxime-imipenem-nalidixic acid-chloramphenicol-tetracycline-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-azithromycin resistance pattern. Further transferability experiments revealed that pVP52-1 could be transferred to other enterobacterial strains of E. coli and Salmonella. Discussion This study emphasizes the urgent need for continued surveillance of resistance plasmids and changes in antimicrobial resistance profiles among the V. parahaemolyticus population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Detection and Traceability Technology of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria for Jiangsu Province Market Regulation, Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Detection and Traceability Technology of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria for Jiangsu Province Market Regulation, Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinping Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuwei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Detection and Traceability Technology of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria for Jiangsu Province Market Regulation, Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Detection and Traceability Technology of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria for Jiangsu Province Market Regulation, Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, China
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Asif A, Chen JS, Hussain B, Hsu GJ, Rathod J, Huang SW, Wu CC, Hsu BM. The escalating threat of human-associated infectious bacteria in surface aquatic resources: Insights into prevalence, antibiotic resistance, survival mechanisms, detection, and prevention strategies. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 265:104371. [PMID: 38851127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities and climate change profoundly impact water quality, leading to a concerning increase in the prevalence and abundance of bacterial pathogens across diverse aquatic environments. This rise has resulted in a growing challenge concerning the safety of water sources, particularly surface waters and marine environments. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted challenges presented by bacterial pathogens, emphasizing threads to human health within ground and surface waters, including marine ecosystems. The exploration encompasses the intricate survival mechanisms employed by bacterial pathogens and the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance, largely driven by human-generated antibiotic contamination in aquatic systems. The review further addresses prevalent pathogenic bacteria, elucidating associated risk factors, exploring their eco-physiology, and discussing the production of potent toxins. The spectrum of detection techniques, ranging from conventional to cutting-edge molecular approaches, is thoroughly examined to underscore their significance in identifying and understanding waterborne bacterial pathogens. A critical aspect highlighted in this review is the imperative for real-time monitoring of biomarkers associated with waterborne bacterial pathogens. This monitoring serves as an early warning system, facilitating the swift implementation of action plans to preserve and protect global water resources. In conclusion, this comprehensive review provides fresh insights and perspectives, emphasizing the paramount importance of preserving the quality of aquatic resources to safeguard human health on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslia Asif
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Doctoral Program in Science, Technology, Environment, and Mathematics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bashir Hussain
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jong Hsu
- Division of Infectious Disease and Department of Internal Medicine, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jagat Rathod
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, Near Gujarat International Finance and Tec (GIFT)-City, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Shih-Wei Huang
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chia Wu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Mu Hsu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, Taiwan.
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhou X, Cheng W, Ren J, Wan T, Liu X. Transmission mechanism of antibiotic resistance genes and their differences between water and sediment in the Weihe River Basin. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119057. [PMID: 38705450 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging microbial pollutants that are regulated by many factors and pose potential threats to aquatic environments. In this study, we used network analysis, correlation analysis, and constructed models based on metagenomic sequencing results to explore the spatial patterns, impact mechanisms, transmission risks and differences in ARGs in the water and sediment of the Weihe River Basin. The findings revealed notable disparities in ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and bacterial communities. In the sediment, the abundance of ARGs was considerably greater than that in water. Moreover, the percentage of ARGs shared by the two components reached a value of 85.8%. Through network analysis, it was determined that the presence of 16 MGEs and 20 bacterial phyla was strongly associated with ARGs (R2 > 0.7, P < 0.05). The Mantel test showed that abiotic factors including DO, pH, nutrients, and heavy metals played important roles in the distribution of ARGs (P < 0.05). A structural equation model revealed that the key factors influencing the distribution of ARGs in water were bacterial diversity and environmental parameters (standardized effects of -0.730 and -0.667), and those in sediment were bacterial diversity and MGEs (standardized effects of -0.751 and 0.851). Neutral modeling indicated that deterministic processes played an important role in the assembly of ARGs in the water of the Weihe River Basin, and stochastic processes were dominant in the sediment. There was a highly significant positive linear correlation between ARGs and pathogens, and there was more complex co-occurrence in the water than in the sediment (R2 > 0.9, P < 0.05), with stronger migration and transmission occurring. Exploring ARGs in large-scale watersheds is immensely important for elucidating their traits and transmission mechanisms and consequently paving the way for the formulation of efficient strategies to mitigate resistance threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhou
- Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jiehui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
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Hu Q, Zhang L, Yang R, Tang J, Dong G. Quaternary ammonium biocides promote conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance gene in structure- and species-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 189:108812. [PMID: 38878503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
The linkage between biocides and antibiotic resistance has been widely suggested in laboratories and various environments. However, the action mechanism of biocides on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) spread is still unclear. Thus, 6 quaternary ammonium biocides (QACs) with different bonded substituents or alkyl chain lengths were selected to assess their effects on the conjugation transfer of ARGs in this study. Two conjugation models with the same donor (E. coli DH5α (RP4)) into two receptors, E. coli MG1655 and pathogenic S. sonnei SE6-1, were constructed. All QACs were found to significantly promote intra- and inter-genus conjugative transfer of ARGs, and the frequency was highly impacted by their structure and receptors. At the same environmental exposure level (4 × 10-1 mg/L), didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC (C10)) promoted the most frequency of conjugative transfer, while benzathine chloride (BEC) promoted the least. With the same donor, the enhanced frequency of QACs of intra-transfer is higher than inter-transfer. Then, the acquisition mechanisms of two receptors were further determined using biochemical combined with transcriptome analysis. For the recipient E. coli, the promotion of the intragenus conjugative transfer may be associated with increased cell membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and proton motive force (PMF)-induced enhancement of flagellar motility. Whereas, the increase of cell membrane permeability and decreased flagellar motility due to PMF disruption but encouraged biofilm formation, maybe the main reasons for promoting intergenus conjugative transfer in the recipient S. sonnei. As one pathogenic bacterium, S. sonnei was first found to acquire ARGs by biocide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jialin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Guoliang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Zhou R, Huang X, Xie Z, Ding Z, Wei H, Jin Q. A review focusing on mechanisms and ecological risks of enrichment and propagation of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements by microplastic biofilms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118737. [PMID: 38493850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging ubiquitous pollutants in aquatic environment and have received extensive global attention. In addition to the traditional studies related to the toxicity of MPs and their carrier effects, their unique surface-induced biofilm formation also increases the ecotoxicity potential of MPs from multiple perspectives. In this review, the ecological risks of MPs biofilms were summarized and assessed in detail from several aspects, including the formation and factors affecting the development of MPs biofilms, the selective enrichment and propagation mechanisms of current pollution status of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in MPs biofilms, the dominant bacterial communities in MPs biofilms, as well as the potential risks of ARGs and MGEs transferring from MPs biofilms to aquatic organisms. On this basis, this paper also put forward the inadequacy and prospects of the current research and revealed that the MGEs-mediated ARG propagation on MPs under actual environmental conditions and the ecological risk of the transmission of ARGs and MGEs to aquatic organisms and human beings are hot spots for future research. Relevant research from the perspective of MPs biofilm should be carried out as soon as possible to provide support for the ecological pollution prevention and control of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Zhou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Southern Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xirong Huang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Southern Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhongtang Xie
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zhuhong Ding
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Southern Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hengchen Wei
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Southern Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qijie Jin
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Southern Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Jaafarzadeh N, Talepour N. Microplastics as carriers of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogens in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate and soil: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2024; 22:1-12. [PMID: 38887766 PMCID: PMC11180052 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00879-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Landfill leachate contains antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics (MPs), making it an important reservoir. However, little research has been conducted on how ARGs are enriched on MPs and how the presence of MPs affects pathogens and ARGs in leachates and soil. MPs possess the capacity to establish unique bacterial populations and assimilate contaminants from their immediate surroundings, generating a potential environment conducive to the growth of disease-causing microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), thereby exerting selection pressure. Through a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature, we have carried out a practical assessment of this topic. The gathering of pollutants and the formation of dense bacterial communities on microplastics create advantageous circumstances for an increased frequency of ARG transfer and evolution. Additional investigations are necessary to acquire a more profound comprehension of how pathogens and ARGs are enriched, transported, and transferred on microplastics. This research is essential for evaluating the health risks associated with human exposure to these pollutants. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nastaran Talepour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Abate R, Oon YS, Oon YL, Bi Y. Microalgae-bacteria nexus for environmental remediation and renewable energy resources: Advances, mechanisms and biotechnological applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31170. [PMID: 38813150 PMCID: PMC11133723 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae and bacteria, known for their resilience, rapid growth, and proximate ecological partnerships, play fundamental roles in environmental and biotechnological advancements. This comprehensive review explores the synergistic interactions between microalgae and bacteria as an innovative approach to address some of the most pressing environmental issues and the demands of clean and renewable freshwater and energy sources. Studies indicated that microalgae-bacteria consortia can considerably enhance the output of biotechnological applications; for instance, various reports showed during wastewater treatment the COD removal efficiency increased by 40%-90.5 % due to microalgae-bacteria consortia, suggesting its great potential amenability in biotechnology. This review critically synthesizes research works on the microalgae and bacteria nexus applied in the advancements of renewable energy generation, with a special focus on biohydrogen, reclamation of wastewater and desalination processes. The mechanisms of underlying interactions, the environmental factors influencing consortia performance, and the challenges and benefits of employing these bio-complexes over traditional methods are also discussed in detail. This paper also evaluates the biotechnological applications of these microorganism consortia for the augmentation of biomass production and the synthesis of valuable biochemicals. Furthermore, the review sheds light on the integration of microalgae-bacteria systems in microbial fuel cells for concurrent energy production, waste treatment, and resource recovery. This review postulates microalgae-bacteria consortia as a sustainable and efficient solution for clean water and energy, providing insights into future research directions and the potential for industrial-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rediat Abate
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yoong-Sin Oon
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yoong-Ling Oon
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yonghong Bi
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Luo L, Wang Z, Huang X, Gu JD, Yu C, Deng O. The fate of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater containing microalgae treated by chlorination, ultra-violet, and Fenton reaction. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121392. [PMID: 38430757 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and bacteria (ARBs) in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are of utmost importance for the dissemination of ARGs in natural aquatic environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective technologies to eliminate WWTP ARGs/ARBs and mitigate the associated risks posed by the discharged ARG in aquatic environments. To test the effective technology for eliminating ARGs/ARBs, we compared the removal of ARGs and ARBs by three different tertiary treatments, namely ultra-violet (UV) disinfection, chlorination disinfection, and Fenton oxidation. Then, the treated wastewater was co-cultured with Chlorella vulgaris (representative of aquatic biota) to investigate the fate of discharged ARGs into the aquatic environment. The results demonstrated that chlorination (at a chlorine concentration of 15 mg/L) and Fenton (at pH 2.73, with 0.005 mol/L Fe2+ and 0.0025 mol/L H2O2) treatment showed higher efficacy in ARG removal (1.8 - 4.17 logs) than UV treatment (15 min) (1.29 - 3.87 logs). Moreover, chlorine at 15 mg/L and Fenton treatment effectively suppressed ARB regeneration while UV treatment for 15 min could not. Regardless of treatments tested in this study, the input of treated wastewater to the Chlorella system increased the number of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), indicating the potential risk of ARG dissemination associated with WWTP discharge. Among the wastewater-Chlorella co-culture systems, chlorination resulted in less of an increase in the number of ARGs and MGEs compared to Fenton and UV treatment. When comparing the wastewater systems to the co-culture systems, it was observed that Chlorella vulgaris reduced the number of ARGs and MGEs in chlorination and UV-treated wastewater; however, Chlorella vulgaris promoted ARG survival in Fenton-treated water, suggesting that aquatic microalgae might act as a barrier to ARG dissemination. Overall, chlorination treatment not only effectively removes ARGs and inhibits ARB regeneration but also shows a lower risk of ARG dissemination. Therefore, chlorination is recommended for practical application in controlling the spread of discharged ARGs from WWTP effluent in natural aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Zimu Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, PR China
| | - Chenxiao Yu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Ouping Deng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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11
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Vincent J, Tenore A, Mattei MR, Frunzo L. Modelling Plasmid-Mediated Horizontal Gene Transfer in Biofilms. Bull Math Biol 2024; 86:63. [PMID: 38664322 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-024-01289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we present a mathematical model for plasmid spread in a growing biofilm, formulated as a nonlocal system of partial differential equations in a 1-D free boundary domain. Plasmids are mobile genetic elements able to transfer to different phylotypes, posing a global health problem when they carry antibiotic resistance factors. We model gene transfer regulation influenced by nearby potential receptors to account for recipient-sensing. We also introduce a promotion function to account for trace metal effects on conjugation, based on literature data. The model qualitatively matches experimental results, showing that contaminants like toxic metals and antibiotics promote plasmid persistence by favoring plasmid carriers and stimulating conjugation. Even at higher contaminant concentrations inhibiting conjugation, plasmid spread persists by strongly inhibiting plasmid-free cells. The model also replicates higher plasmid density in biofilm's most active regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Vincent
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Alberto Tenore
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Mattei
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Frunzo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications "Renato Caccioppoli", University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 26, 80126, Monte S. Angelo, Naples, Italy
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12
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Liu F, Luo Y, Xu T, Lin H, Qiu Y, Li B. Current examining methods and mathematical models of horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371388. [PMID: 38638913 PMCID: PMC11025395 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment has garnered significant attention due to their health risk to human beings. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is considered as an important way for ARG dissemination. There are four general routes of HGT, including conjugation, transformation, transduction and vesiduction. Selection of appropriate examining methods is crucial for comprehensively understanding characteristics and mechanisms of different HGT ways. Moreover, combined with the results obtained from different experimental methods, mathematical models could be established and serve as a powerful tool for predicting ARG transfer dynamics and frequencies. However, current reviews of HGT for ARG spread mainly focus on its influencing factors and mechanisms, overlooking the important roles of examining methods and models. This review, therefore, delineated four pathways of HGT, summarized the strengths and limitations of current examining methods, and provided a comprehensive summing-up of mathematical models pertaining to three main HGT ways of conjugation, transformation and transduction. Finally, deficiencies in current studies were discussed, and proposed the future perspectives to better understand and assess the risks of ARG dissemination through HGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqiu Luo
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Tiansi Xu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
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13
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Yang T, Wang X, Jiang L, Sui X, Bi X, Jiang B, Zhang Z, Li X. Antibiotic resistance genes associated with size-segregated bioaerosols from wastewater treatment plants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123169. [PMID: 38128715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic-resistant pollution in size-segregated bioaerosols from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is of increasing concern due to its public health risks, but an elaborate review is still lacking. This work overviewed the profile, mobility, pathogenic hosts, source, and risks of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in size-segregated bioaerosols from WWTPs. The dominant ARG type in size-segregated bioaerosols from WWTPs was multidrug resistance genes. Treatment units that equipped with mechanical facilities and aeration devices, such as grilles, grit chambers, biochemical reaction tanks, and sludge treatment units, were the primary sources of bioaerosol antibiotic resistome in WWTPs. Higher enrichment of antibiotic resistome in particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm, was found along the upwind-downwind-WWTPs gradient. Only a small portion of ARGs in inhalable bioaerosols from WWTPs were flanked by mobile genetic elements. The pathogens with multiple drug resistance had been found in size-segregated bioaerosols from WWTPs. Different ARGs or antibiotic resistant bacteria have different aerosolization potential associated with bioaerosols from various treatment processes. The validation of pathogenic antibiotic resistance bacteria, deeper investigation of ARG mobility, emission mechanism of antibiotic resistome, and development of treatment technologies, should be systematically considered in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Xuyi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Lu Jiang
- College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, PR China.
| | - Xin Sui
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Xuejun Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Zhanpeng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
| | - Xinlong Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, PR China.
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14
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Zhang L, Adyari B, Hou L, Yang X, Gad M, Wang Y, Ma C, Sun Q, Tang Q, Zhang Y, Yu CP, Hu A. Mass-immigration shapes the antibiotic resistome of wastewater treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168193. [PMID: 37914134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are the hotspots for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into the environment. Nevertheless, a comprehensive assessment of the city-level and short-term daily (inter-day) variations of ARG profiles in the whole process (influent-INF, activated sludge-AS and effluent-EF) of WWTPs is still lacking. Here, 285 ARGs and ten mobile gene elements were monitored in seven WWTPs in Xiamen for seven days via high-throughput qPCR. The average daily load of ARGs to WWTPs was about 1.32 × 1020 copies/d, and a total of 1.56 × 1018 copies/d was discharged to the environment across the entire city. Stochastic processes were the main force determining the assembly of ARG communities during sampling campaign, with their relative importance ranked in the order of INF > EFF > AS. There're little daily variations in ARG richness, abundance, β-diversity composition as well as assembly mechanisms. The results of SourceTracker, variation partitioning analysis, and hierarchical partitioning analysis indicated that bacteria and ARGs from upstream treatment processes played an increasingly dominant role in shaping ARG communities in AS and EFF, respectively, suggesting the importance of mass-immigration of bacteria and ARGs from the source on ARG transport in wastewater treatment processes. This emphasizes the need to revise the way we mitigate ARG contamination but focus on the source of ARGs in urban wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Bob Adyari
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Pertamina, Jakarta 12220, Indonesia
| | - Liyuan Hou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, UT 84322, USA; Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mahmoud Gad
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yuwen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Xiamen Municipal Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Qian Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Chang-Ping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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15
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Wu L, Wang M, Rong L, Wang W, Chen L, Wu Q, Sun H, Huang X, Zou X. Structural effects of sulfonamides on the proliferation dynamics of sulfonamide resistance genes in the sequencing batch reactors and the mechanism. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:161-173. [PMID: 37778792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can be easily promoted by antibiotics, however, the structural effects of antibiotics on the proliferation of ARGs dynamic and the associated mechanisms remain obscure in, especially, activated sludge sequencing batch reactors. In the present study, the effects of 9 sulfonamides (SAs) with different structures on the proliferation dynamic of sulfonamide resistance genes (Suls) in the activated sludge sequencing batch reactors and the corresponding mechanisms were determined (30 days), and the results showed that the largest proliferation value (∆AR) of Suls dynamic for SAs (sulfachloropyridazine) was approximately 2.9 times than that of the smallest one (sulfadiazine). The proliferation of Suls was significantly related to the structural features (minHBint6, SssNH, SHBd and SpMax2_Bhm) that represent the biological activity of SAs. To interpret the phenomenon, a mechanistic model was developed and the results indicated that the biodegradation of SAs (T1/2) rather than conjugative transfer frequency or mutation frequency tends to be the key process for affecting Suls proliferation. T1/2 was proved to be dependent on the interactions between SAs and receptors (Ebinding), the cleavage mode (bond dissociation energy), and the site of nucleophilic assault. Besides, the metagenomic analysis showed that SAs posed significant effect on antibiotic resistome and Tnp31 played a vital role in the proliferation of Suls. Overall, our findings provide important insight into a theoretical basis for understanding the structural effects of SAs on the proliferation of ARGs in SBR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligui Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Mingyu Wang
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Lingling Rong
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Wenbiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Linwei Chen
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Qiaofeng Wu
- Fuzhou Urban and Rural Construction Group Co. Ltd., Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangfeng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
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16
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Roh H, Kannimuthu D. Comparative resistome analysis of Aeromonas species in aquaculture reveals antibiotic resistance patterns and phylogeographic distribution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117273. [PMID: 37805184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture drives the emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria, and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) can be disseminated to other bacteria through vertical- and horizontal gene transfer (VGT and HGT) under selective pressure. Profiling the antibiotic resistome and understanding the global distribution of ARGs constitutes the first step in developing a control strategy. Hence, this study utilized extensive genomic data from hundreds of Aeromonas strains in aquaculture to profile resistome patterns and explores their association with isolation year, country, and species characteristics. Overall, ∼400 Aeromonas genomes were used to predict the ARGs from A. salmonicida, A. hydrophila, A. veronii, A. media, and A. sobria. ARGs such as sul1, tet(A), and tet(D), which display a similar proportion of positive strains among species, were subjected to phylodynamic and phylogeographic analyses. More than a hundred ARGs were identified, some of which exhibited either species-specific or non-species-specific patterns. A. salmonicida and A. media were found to have a higher proportion of species-specific ARGs than other strains, which might lead to more distinct patterns of ARG acquisition. Overall, ∼25% of strains have either sul1, tet(A), or tet(D) gene(s), but no significant difference was observed in the proportion of positive strains by species. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that the abundant numbers of sul1, tet(A), and/or tet(D) introduced in a few East Asian and North American countries could spread to both adjacent and faraway countries. In recent years, the proportions of these ARGs have dramatically increased, particularly in strains sourced from aquatic environments, suggesting control is required of the overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture. The findings of this research offer significant insights into the global dissemination of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- HyeongJin Roh
- Pathogen Transmission and Disease Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5870, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Dhamotharan Kannimuthu
- Pathogen Transmission and Disease Research Group, Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes, 5870, Bergen, Norway
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17
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Abdurahman A, Li S, Li Y, Song X, Gao R. Ecotoxicological effects of antibiotic adsorption behavior of microplastics and its management measures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:125370-125387. [PMID: 38006478 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics adsorb heavy metals and organic pollutants to produce combined pollution. Recently, the adsorption behavior of antibiotics on microplastics has received increasing attention. Exploring the sorption behavior of pollutants on microplastics is an important reference in understanding their ecological and environmental risk studies. In this paper, by reviewing the academic literature in recent years, we clarified the current status of research on the adsorption behavior of antibiotics on microplastics, discussed its potential hazards to ecological environment and human health, and summarized the influence of factors on the adsorption mechanisms. The results show that the adsorption behavior of antibiotics on microplastics is controlled by the physical and chemical properties of antibiotics, microplastics, and water environment. Antibiotics are adsorbed on microplastics through physical and chemical interactions, which include hydrophobic interaction, partitioning, electrostatic interaction, and other non-covalent interactions. Intensity of adsorption between them is mainly determined by their physicochemical properties. The basic physicochemical properties of the aqueous environment (e.g., pH, salinity, ionic strength, soluble organic matter content, and temperature) will affect the physicochemical properties of microplastics and antibiotics (e.g., particle size, state of dispersibility, and morphology), leading to differences in the type and strength of their interactions. This paper work is expected to provide a meaningful perspective for better understanding the potential impacts of antibiotic adsorption behavior of microplastics on aquatic ecology and human health. In the meantime, some indications for future related research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abliz Abdurahman
- Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
| | - Shuocong Li
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Yangjie Li
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Xiaofei Song
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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18
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Luo T, Dai X, Wei W, Xu Q, Ni BJ. Microplastics Enhance the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Anaerobic Sludge Digestion by Enriching Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Surface Biofilm and Facilitating the Vertical and Horizontal Gene Transfer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14611-14621. [PMID: 37733635 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics (MPs) are recognized as emerging contaminants and threats to global human health. Despite both of them being significantly detected in their "hotspots", i.e., waste activated sludge (WAS), rare studies on how MPs affect ARGs and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in anaerobic sludge digestion are available. Herein, the fate of ARGs and ARB after exposure to MPs of three dosages (10, 30, and 80 particles/g-TS), three polymer types (LDPE, PET, and PS), and three branching extents (LDPE, LLDPE, and HDPE) in anaerobic sludge digestion was investigated. Metagenomic results indicated that all variants of MPs resulted in an increase of the relative abundance of ARGs in the digester compared to the control. The abundance of ARGs demonstrated a dosage-dependent relationship within the range from 10 to 80 particles/g-TS, resulting in an increase from 4.5 to 27.9% compared to the control. Branching structure and polymer type influence ARG level in the sludge digester as well. Mechanism studies revealed that LDPE selectively enriched potential ARB and ARGs in the surface biofilm, possibly creating a favorable environment for ARB proliferation and ARG exchange. Furthermore, vertical transfer of ARGs was facilitated by LDPE through increasing bacterial cell proliferation accompanied by the enhancement of relevant functional genes. The elevated abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and ARGs-carrying plasmids also demonstrated that MGE-mediated horizontal transfer was promoted by LDPE at 80 particles/g-TS. This effect was compounded by increased oxidative stress, cell membrane permeability, and cell cohesion, collectively facilitating horizontal ARG transfer. Consequently, both vertical and horizontal transfer of ARGs could be concurrently promoted by LDPE an in anaerobic sludge digester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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19
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Cui L, Chen J, Fei Q, Ma Y. The migration regularity and removal mechanism of antibiotic resistance genes during in situ enzymatic hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion of food waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129388. [PMID: 37369318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a high efficiency compound enzyme (fungal mash) produced in situ from food waste (FW) used for improving hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency of FW. Results showed that the soluble COD and methane yield were respectively increased by 67.80% and 16.58% after 24 h in situ enzymatic hydrolysis of food waste by fungal mash. Furthermore, most of target ARGs in FW were also reduced by 45-94% after 24 h in situ enzymatic hydrolysis, while the total tested ARGs and intI1 were respectively further removed by 44-55% and 21-73% in subsequent AD process. In-depth analysis showed that fungal mash could effectively reduce potential hosts and control the horizontal transfer of ARGs during the in situ enzymatic hydrolysis and AD process. Ultimately, correlation analysis and redundancy analysis indicated that the evolution of bacterial communities and changes in intI1 where the common driving forces for the fate of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qiang Fei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yingqun Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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20
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Sambaza SS, Naicker N. Contribution of wastewater to antimicrobial resistance: A review article. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 34:23-29. [PMID: 37285914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global challenge that has raised concern globally, owing to its detrimental effects on the health and economy of countries. The ever-growing threat of AMR and sources of AMR are still being investigated. Wastewater plays an important role as a habitat for bacteria and an environment conducive to gene transfer. The primary aim of this review was to highlight the contribution of wastewater to AMR. METHODS Evidence of AMR in wastewater was drawn from literature published in the last 10 years, from 2012 to 2022. RESULTS Wastewater from agricultural practices, pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, and hospital effluents was established to promote AMR. Furthermore, stress factors such as the presence of antibiotics, heavy metals, pH, and temperature initiate and propagate AMR in bacteria living in wastewater. AMR in bacteria from wastewater was established to be either natural or acquired. Wastewater treatment techniques such as membrane filtration, coagulation, adsorption, and advanced oxidation processes have been used to remove resistant bacteria with varying success levels. CONCLUSION Wastewater is a major contributor to AMR, and an understanding of its role in AMR is necessary to find a lasting solution. In this regard, the spread of AMR in wastewater should be considered a threat that requires a strategy to stop further damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nisha Naicker
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa; Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, Braamfontein, South Africa
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21
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Fan X, Lu Y, Zhao Y, Miao H, Qi K, Wang R. An Insight into the Exploration of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Calorie Restricted Diet Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3198. [PMID: 37513616 PMCID: PMC10384538 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) threaten the success of modern drugs against multidrug resistant infections. ARGs can be transferred to opportunistic pathogens by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Many studies have investigated the characteristics of ARGs in various chemical stressors. Studies on the effects of dietary nutrition and dietary patterns on ARGs are rare. The study first demonstrated the effect of calorie restricted (CR) diet on the ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in mouse feces and explored their relationship with gut microbiota and their functions. The results showed that the abundance of the total ARGs in mouse feces of the CR group increased, especially tetracycline ARGs (tetW-01). The abundance of the MLSB ARGs (ermB) decreased evidently in mouse feces of the CR group. In addition, the total abundance of MGEs decreased evidently in the CR group, especially tnpA-03. In the meantime, the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in mouse feces of the CR group increased remarkably. The Spearman correlation analysis between gut microbiota and ARGs showed that several probiotics were significantly positively correlated with ARGs (tetW-01), which might be the main contribution to the increase in ARGs of the CR group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Fan
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Department of Children's Health Care Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongjian Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (2019RU014), China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Kemin Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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22
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Alav I, Buckner MMC. Non-antibiotic compounds associated with humans and the environment can promote horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37462915 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2233603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Horizontal gene transfer plays a key role in the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR genes are often carried on self-transmissible plasmids, which are shared amongst bacteria primarily by conjugation. Antibiotic use has been a well-established driver of the emergence and spread of AMR. However, the impact of commonly used non-antibiotic compounds and environmental pollutants on AMR spread has been largely overlooked. Recent studies found common prescription and over-the-counter drugs, artificial sweeteners, food preservatives, and environmental pollutants, can increase the conjugative transfer of AMR plasmids. The potential mechanisms by which these compounds promote plasmid transmission include increased membrane permeability, upregulation of plasmid transfer genes, formation of reactive oxygen species, and SOS response gene induction. Many questions remain around the impact of most non-antibiotic compounds on AMR plasmid conjugation in clinical isolates and the long-term impact on AMR dissemination. By elucidating the role of routinely used pharmaceuticals, food additives, and pollutants in the dissemination of AMR, action can be taken to mitigate their impact by closely monitoring use and disposal. This review will discuss recent progress on understanding the influence of non-antibiotic compounds on plasmid transmission, the mechanisms by which they promote transfer, and the level of risk they pose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilyas Alav
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michelle M C Buckner
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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23
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Liu S, Liu B, Zhu Y, Qiu Y, Li B. The Spatial-Temporal Effects of Bacterial Growth Substrates on Antibiotic Resistance Gene Spread in the Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1154. [PMID: 37508250 PMCID: PMC10376823 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is considered as the hotspot of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination. Bacterial growth substrates are important factors for biofilm formation, but its spatial-temporal effects on ARG spread in biofilm is still unclear. In this study, microfluidics combined with microscopic observation were used to reveal spatial-temporal effects of bacterial growth substrates on ARG transfer at real time. The initial horizontal gene transfer events were found to be independent of substrate levels. However, subsequent transfer processes varied greatly depending on the availability of growth substrates. The proportion of transconjugants was much higher (~12%) when observed in substrate-rich regions (under the channel) at 24 h, followed by an exponential decline, with the distance far from the channel. Furthermore, three-dimensional observation revealed that vertical gene transfer influenced by the concentrations of bacterial growth substrates was important for ARG spread in biofilm. The transfer frequency was 8.2 times higher in the high substrate concentration (50×) compared to low concentration (0.5×) in simulated sewage, underscoring the substantial impact of bacterial growth substrate variability on ARG dissemination. This study is helpful for in-depth understanding of ARG dissemination through biofilms and indicates that reducing pollutant emission is important for ARG control in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bingwen Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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24
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Amaro HM, Salgado EM, Nunes OC, Pires JCM, Esteves AF. Microalgae systems - environmental agents for wastewater treatment and further potential biomass valorisation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 337:117678. [PMID: 36948147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Water is the most valuable resource on the planet. However, massive anthropogenic activities generate threatening levels of biological, organic, and inorganic pollutants that are not efficiently removed in conventional wastewater treatment systems. High levels of conventional pollutants (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus), emerging chemical contaminants such as antibiotics, and pathogens (namely antibiotic-resistant ones and related genes) jeopardize ecosystems and human health. Conventional wastewater treatment systems entail several environmental issues: (i) high energy consumption; (ii) high CO2 emissions; and (iii) the use of chemicals or the generation of harmful by-products. Hence, the use of microalgal systems (entailing one or several microalgae species, and in consortium with bacteria) as environmental agents towards wastewater treatment has been seen as an environmentally friendly solution to remove conventional pollutants, antibiotics, coliforms and antibiotic resistance genes. In recent years, several authors have evaluated the use of microalgal systems for the treatment of different types of wastewater, such as agricultural, municipal, and industrial. Generally, microalgal systems can provide high removal efficiencies of: (i) conventional pollutants, up to 99%, 99%, and 90% of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and/or organic carbon, respectively, through uptake mechanisms, and (ii) antibiotics frequently found in wastewaters, such as sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim and azithromycin at 86%, 65%, 42% and 93%, respectively, through the most desirable microalgal mechanism, biodegradation. Although pathogens removal by microalgal species is complex and very strain-specific, it is also possible to attain total coliform and Escherichia coli removal of 99.4% and 98.6%, respectively. However, microalgal systems' effectiveness strongly relies on biotic and abiotic conditions, thus the selection of operational conditions is critical. While the combination of selected species (microalgae and bacteria), ratios and inoculum concentration allow the efficient removal of conventional pollutants and generation of high amounts of biomass (that can be further converted into valuable products such as biofuels and biofertilisers), abiotic factors such as pH, hydraulic retention time, light intensity and CO2/O2 supply also have a crucial role in conventional pollutants and antibiotics removal, and wastewater disinfection. However, some rationale must be considered according to the purpose. While alkaline pH induces the hydrolysis of some antibiotics and the removal of faecal coliforms, it also decreases phosphates solubility and induces the formation of ammonium from ammonia. Also, while CO2 supply increases the removal of E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as the microalgal growth (and thus the conventional pollutants uptake), it decreases Enterococcus faecalis removal. Therefore, this review aims to provide a critical review of recent studies towards the application of microalgal systems for the efficient removal of conventional pollutants, antibiotics, and pathogens; discussing the feasibility, highlighting the advantages and challenges of the implementation of such process, and presenting current case-studies of different applications of microalgal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena M Amaro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva M Salgado
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga C Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - José C M Pires
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana F Esteves
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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25
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Liao X, Deng R, Warriner K, Ding T. Antibiotic resistance mechanism and diagnosis of common foodborne pathogens based on genotypic and phenotypic biomarkers. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3212-3253. [PMID: 37222539 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to the overuse or inappropriate use of antibiotics has become a significant public health concern. The agri-food chain, which serves as a vital link between the environment, food, and human, contributes to the large-scale dissemination of antibiotic resistance, posing a concern to both food safety and human health. Identification and evaluation of antibiotic resistance of foodborne bacteria is a crucial priority to avoid antibiotic abuse and ensure food safety. However, the conventional approach for detecting antibiotic resistance heavily relies on culture-based methods, which are laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and rapid tools for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens. This review aims to provide an overview of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance at both phenotypic and genetic levels, with a focus on identifying potential biomarkers for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens. Furthermore, an overview of advances in the strategies based on the potential biomarkers (antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic resistance-associated mutations, antibiotic resistance phenotypes) for antibiotic resistance analysis of foodborne pathogens is systematically exhibited. This work aims to provide guidance for the advancement of efficient and accurate diagnostic techniques for antibiotic resistance analysis in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruijie Deng
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keith Warriner
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tian Ding
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan, Zhejiang, China
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26
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Li X, Song Y, Chen X, Yin J, Wang P, Huang H, Yin H. Single-cell microfluidics enabled dynamic evaluation of drug combinations on antibiotic resistance bacteria. Talanta 2023; 265:124814. [PMID: 37343360 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of antibiotic resistance has become a significant threat to global health, yet the development of new antibiotics is outpaced by emerging new resistance. To treat multidrug-resistant bacteria and prolong the lifetime of existing antibiotics, a productive strategy is to use combinations of antibiotics and/or adjuvants. However, evaluating drug combinations is primarily based on end-point checkerboard measurements, which provide limited information to study the mechanism of action and the discrepancies in the clinical outcomes. Here, single-cell microfluidics is used for rapid evaluation of the efficacy and mode of action of antibiotic combinations within 3 h. Focusing on multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, the combination between berberine hydrochloride (BBH, as an adjuvant) and carbapenems (meropenem, MEM) or β-lactam antibiotic is evaluated. Real-time tracking of individual cells to programmable delivered antibiotics reveals multiple phenotypes (i.e., susceptible, resistant, and persistent cells) with fidelity. Our study discovers that BBH facilitates the accumulation of antibiotics within cells, indicating synergistic effects (FICI = 0.5). For example, the combination of 256 mg/L BBH and 16 mg/L MEM has a similar killing effect (i.e., the inhibition rates >90%) as the MIC of MEM (64 mg/L). Importantly, the synergistic effect of a combination can diminish if the bacteria are pre-stressed with any single drug. Such information is vital for understanding the underlying mechanisms of combinational treatments. Overall, our platform provides a promising approach to evaluate the dynamic and heterogenous response of a bacterial population to antibiotics, which will facilitate new drug discovery and reduce emerging antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Yanqing Song
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Xiuzhao Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jianan Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tianjin Modern Innovative TCM Technology Co. Ltd., 300392, China
| | - He Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Huabing Yin
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK.
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27
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Sun J, Yuan Y, Cai L, Zeng M, Li X, Yao F, Chen W, Huang Y, Shafiq M, Xie Q, Zhang Q, Wong N, Wang Z, Jiao X. Metagenomic evidence for antibiotics-driven co-evolution of microbial community, resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121539. [PMID: 37019259 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Overconsumption of antibiotics is an immediate cause for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), though its environmental impact remains inadequately clarified. There is an urgent need to dissect the complex links underpinning the dynamic co-evolution of ARB and their resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage. Metagenomic and bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the microbial community, resistome and mobilome in hospital sewage, in relation to data on clinical antibiotic use collected from a tertiary-care hospital. In this study, resistome (1,568 antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs, corresponding to 29 antibiotic types/subtypes) and mobilome (247 types of mobile genetic elements, MGEs) were identified. Networks connecting co-occurring ARGs with MGEs encompass 176 nodes and 578 edges, in which over 19 types of ARGs had significant correlations with MGEs. Prescribed dosage and time-dependent antibiotic consumption were associated with the abundance and distributions of ARGs, and conjugative transfer of ARGs via MGEs. Variation partitioning analyses show that effects of conjugative transfer were most likely the main contributors to transient propagation and persistence of AMR. We have presented the first evidence supporting idea that use of clinical antibiotics is a potent driving force for the development of co-evolving resistome and mobilome, which in turn supports the growth and evolution of ARB in hospital sewage. The use of clinical antibiotics calls for greater attention in antibiotic stewardship and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Sun
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China; Guangdong Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Leshan Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yuanchun Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qingdong Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qiaoxin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Naikei Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, 515041, China.
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28
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Zhu S, Yang B, Wang Z, Liu Y. Augmented dissemination of antibiotic resistance elicited by non-antibiotic factors. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115124. [PMID: 37327521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance seriously compromise the clinical efficacy of current antibiotic therapies, representing a serious public health threat worldwide. Generally, drug-susceptible bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance through genetic mutation or gene transfer, among which horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a dominant role. It is widely acknowledged that the sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics are the key drivers in promoting the transmission of antibiotic resistance. However, accumulating evidence in recent years has shown that in addition to antibiotics, non-antibiotics can also accelerate the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Nevertheless, the roles and potential mechanisms of non-antibiotic factors in the transmission of ARGs remain largely underestimated. In this review, we depict the four pathways of HGT and their differences, including conjugation, transformation, transduction and vesiduction. We summarize non-antibiotic factors accounting for the enhanced horizontal transfer of ARGs and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the limitations and implications of current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqing Yang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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29
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Li S, Gao H, Zhang H, Wei G, Shu Q, Li R, Jin S, Na G, Shi Y. The fate of antibiotic resistance genes in the coastal lagoon with multiple functional zones. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 128:93-106. [PMID: 36801045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coastal lagoons provide many important services to human society, but their year-round use for aquaculture introduces large amounts of sewage. The contamination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is therefore of great concern. In this study, 50 ARGs subtypes, two integrase genes (intl1, intl2), and 16S rRNA genes were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR, and standard curves of all target genes were prepared for quantification. The occurrence and distribution of ARGs in a typical coastal lagoon (XinCun lagoon, China) were comprehensively explored. We detected 44 and 38 subtypes of ARGs in the water and sediment, respectively, and discuss the various factors influencing the fate of ARGs in the coastal lagoon. Macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B was the primary ARG type, and macB was the predominant subtype. Antibiotic efflux and antibiotic inactivation were the main ARG resistance mechanisms. The XinCun lagoon was divided into eight functional zones. The ARGs showed a distinct spatial distribution owing to the influence of microbial biomass and anthropogenic activity in different functional zones. Fishing rafts, abandoned fish ponds, the town sewage zone, and mangrove wetlands provided a large quantity of ARGs to the XinCun lagoon. Nutrients and heavy metals also significantly correlated with the fate of the ARGs, especially NO2--N and Cu, which cannot be ignored. It is noteworthy that lagoon-barrier systems coupled with persistent pollutant inputs result in coastal lagoons acting as a "buffer pool" for ARGs, which can then accumulate and threaten the offshore environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisheng Li
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Gao
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangke Wei
- Laboratory for coastal marine eco-environment process and carbon sink of Hainan provincet/Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Qin Shu
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuaichen Jin
- National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangshui Na
- Laboratory for coastal marine eco-environment process and carbon sink of Hainan provincet/Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China; National Marine Environmental Monsitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Yali Shi
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China.
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30
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Stockdale SR, Hill C. Incorporating plasmid biology and metagenomics into a holistic model of the human gut microbiome. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 73:102307. [PMID: 37002975 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is often described as the collection of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses associated with an individual, with no acknowledgement of the plasmid constituents. However, like viruses, plasmids are autonomous intracellular replicating entities that can influence the genotype and phenotype of their host and mediate trans-kingdom interactions. Plasmids are frequently noted as vehicles for horizontal gene transfer and for spreading antibiotic resistance, yet their multifaceted contribution to mutualistic and antagonistic interactions within the human microbiome and impact on human health is overlooked. In this review, we highlight the importance of plasmids and their biological properties as overlooked components of microbiomes. Subsequent human microbiome studies should include dedicated analyses of plasmids, particularly as a holistic understanding of human-microbial interactions is required before effective and safe interventions can be implemented to improve human well-being.
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31
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Li H, Zhang R, Zhang J, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhou J, Wang T. Conjugation transfer of plasma-induced sublethal antibiotic resistance genes under photoreactivation: Alleviation mechanism of intercellular contact. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131620. [PMID: 37196446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a huge challenge worldwide. Information regarding underlying mechanisms of conjugation transfer of sublethal ARGs under photoreactivation is still lacking. In this study, experimental exploration and model prediction were conducted to evaluate the effects of photoreactivation on conjugation transfer of plasma-induced sublethal ARGs. The experimental results showed that reactive species (O2-•, 1O2, and •OH) generated in the plasma process led to 0.32, 1.45, 3.21, 4.10, and 3.96-log removal for tetC, tetW, blaTEM-1, aac(3)-II, and intI1 after 8 min treatment at 18 kV, respectively. Their attacks led to breakage and mineralization of ARGs-containing DNA and disturbance of bacterial metabolism. The conjugation transfer frequency increased by 0.58-fold after 48 h of photoreactivation compared with the plasma treatment, as well as the abundances of ARGs and reactive oxygen species levels. The alleviation effects of photoreactivation were independent of cell membrane permeability, but related to promotion of intercellular contact. Ordinary differential equation model predicted that the stabilization time of long-term transfer of ARGs significantly increased by 50 % after photoreactivation compared with the plasma treatment, and the conjugation transfer frequency also increased. This study firstly revealed the mechanisms of conjugation transfer of sublethal ARGs under photoreactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Lab. of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in northwestern China, China; Key Lab. of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in northwestern China of Ministry of Education, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Breeding Base for State Key Lab. of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in northwestern China, China; Key Lab. of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in northwestern China of Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- school of science, Xi'an Jiaotong-liverpool University, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhang T, Cheng F, Chen X, Zhang YN, Qu J, Chen J, Peijnenburg WJGM. Dark repair of sunlight-inactivated tetracycline-resistant bacteria: Mechanisms and important role of bacteria in viable but non-culturable state. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131560. [PMID: 37148796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in the environment poses a potential threat to human health, and the reactivation of inactivated ARB accelerated the spread of ARB. However, little is known about the reactivation of sunlight-inactivated ARB in natural waters. In this study, the reactivation of sunlight-inactivated ARB in dark conditions was investigated with tetracycline-resistant E. coli (Tc-AR E. coli) as a representative. Results showed that sunlight-inactivated Tc-AR E. coli underwent dark repair to regain tetracycline resistance with dark repair ratios increasing from (0.124 ± 0.012)‱ within 24 h dark treatment to (0.891 ± 0.033)‱ within 48 h. The presence of Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) promoted the reactivation of sunlight-inactivated Tc-AR E. coli and tetracycline inhibited their reactivation. The reactivation of sunlight-inactivated Tc-AR E. coli is mainly attributed to the repair of the tetracycline-specific efflux pump in the cell membrane. Tc-AR E. coli in a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state was observed and dominated the reactivation as the inactivated ARB remain present in the dark for more than 20 h. These results explained the reason for distribution difference of Tc-ARB at different depths in natural waters, which are of great significance for understanding the environmental behavior of ARB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Fangyuan Cheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Jiao Qu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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Yuan X, Lv Z, Zhang Z, Han Y, Liu Z, Zhang H. A Review of Antibiotics, Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, and Resistance Genes in Aquaculture: Occurrence, Contamination, and Transmission. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050420. [PMID: 37235235 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly used to prevent and control diseases in aquaculture. However, long-term/overuse of antibiotics not only leaves residues but results in the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Antibiotics, ARB, and ARGs are widespread in aquaculture ecosystems. However, their impacts and interaction mechanisms in biotic and abiotic media remain to be clarified. In this paper, we summarized the detection methods, present status, and transfer mechanisms of antibiotics, ARB, and ARGs in water, sediment, and aquaculture organisms. Currently, the dominant methods of detecting antibiotics, ARB, and ARGs are UPLC-MS/MS, 16S rRNA sequencing, and metagenomics, respectively. Tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides are most frequently detected in aquaculture. Generally, antibiotic concentrations and ARG abundance in sediment are much higher than those in water. Yet, no obvious patterns in the category of antibiotics or ARB are present in organisms or the environment. The key mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics in bacteria include reducing the cell membrane permeability, enhancing antibiotic efflux, and structural changes in antibiotic target proteins. Moreover, horizontal transfer is a major pathway for ARGs transfer, including conjugation, transformation, transduction, and vesiculation. Identifying, quantifying, and summarizing the interactions and transmission mechanisms of antibiotics, ARGs, and ARB would provide useful information for future disease diagnosis and scientific management in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yuan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Ziqing Lv
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Zhu Y, Pang L, Lai S, Xie X, Zhang H, Yu J, Wu J, Qi H, Zhou Q, Feng J, Zhang A. Deciphering risks of resistomes and pathogens in intensive laying hen production chain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161790. [PMID: 36702267 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and pathogens derived from food animals and their associated environments have emerged as challenging threats to humans from a health perspective, but our understanding of these risks and their key prevention and control points in the current intensive breeding industry remains poor. By creating an integral composition and risk profile of the resistome and microbiome through metagenomics in feces, flies, dust, sewage, and soil along the four-stage laying hen production chain, we found that the whole production chain is a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) with 374 known subtypes and pathogens, including 157 human pathogenic bacteria (HPB). Feces and flies were identified as major risk sources for these contaminations. Also, we confirmed a twin-risk of AMR and pathogenicity prevailing throughout the chain, but with different frequencies in each stage; thus, high-risk ARGs in the young chicken stage and highly prioritized HPB in the chick stage contributed 37.33 % to the total AMR risk and 36.36 % to the pathogenic risks, respectively, thus rendering the two stages to be the key prevention points. Moreover, the prevalence of 112 binned ARG supercarriers (for example, Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring 20 ARGs) was unraveled along the production chain, especially in feces, flies, and dust, and 87 potential hosts exhibited high pathogenic risk, high-risk AMR, or both, with 262 ARGs and 816 virulence factor genes. Overall, this study provides first-hand comprehensive data on high-risk ARGs and their pathogenic hosts in the intensive laying hen production chain, and thus is fundamentally important for developing new measures to help control the global AMR crisis induced through the animal-environment-human pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Zhu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lina Pang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shanming Lai
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xianjun Xie
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haoxuan Qi
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jingyi Feng
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Anyun Zhang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Fan J, Feng J, Xu D, Li X, Xu F, Li H, Shen C. Extended lag phase indicates the dormancy of biphenyl degrading Rhodococcus biphenylivorans TG9 under heat stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121248. [PMID: 36764375 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial remediation is a green and sustainable technology, but harsh environmental conditions could lead to microbial dormancy, such as entering a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. However, the evidence of VBNC is controversial and limited. In this study, heat stress (60 °C), one of the leading challenges for mesophilic degrading bacteria, was mimicked to investigate the physiological response of Rhodococcus biphenylivorans TG9. After 2 h of heat stress, the culturable TG9 cell count decreased from 108 cells/mL to undetectable while the viable cell count was still 105 cells/mL. The biphenyl degradation efficiency of stressed TG9 dropped by 50% compared to that of cells at logarithmic phase. During heat stress, the respiratory activity of TG9 declined dramatically while the intracellular ATP level initially increased and then decreased. Notably, the corresponding indicators recovered when restored to 30 °C. These characteristics were in consistent with bacteria entering into VBNC state. Furthermore, fluorescence activated cell sorting together with single cell as seed culture detection verified the unculturability and viability of VBNC state of TG9 cells. Also, we found that single cells in VBNC state could resuscitate and regrowth with significantly extended lag phase (LP). Our results highlight the potential of TG9 for microbial remediation and hint LP duration as an indicator for survival state of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jinsong Feng
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengjun Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haoming Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Shi H, Hu X, Xu J, Hu B, Ma L, Lou L. Conjugation-mediated transfer of antibiotic resistance genes influenced by primary soil components and underlying mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161232. [PMID: 36586689 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil is the main natural reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Their dissemination and proliferation were largely motivated by conjugative transfer, while the influence of soil components on bacterial conjugative transfer and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, two Escherichia coli strains were exposed to soil minerals (quartz, kaolinite and montmorillonite) and organic matters (humic acid, biochar and soot) respectively to investigate their impact on ARGs conjugation. The results showed that quartz had no significant effect on conjugation; montmorillonite promoted the growth of the donor, but inhibited the recipient and conjugant; kaolinite and three organic matters significantly promoted the production of conjugant, while biochar promoted and then inhibited it with time prolong. Within the range of bacterial concentration involved in this study, the concentration of conjugant increased with the ratio of the concentration of donor and recipient (RD/R), indicating that the variation of conjugant production was mainly mediated by changing RD/R. Further observation of biochar treatment group showed that the bacterial responses such as cell membrane permeability, cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation ability shifted with the exposure time, which might be a potential factor affecting conjugative transfer. Collectively, our findings suggest that the type and exposure time of soil components jointly affected conjugation, while the change of RD/R and related bacterial responses are the main underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, PR China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, PR China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, PR China
| | - Liping Ma
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, PR China.
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Yu Y, Song J, Liu X, Chen B, Zhang C, Zhang S. Tea polyphenols and catechins postpone evolution of antibiotic resistance genes and alter microbial community under stress of tetracycline. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114675. [PMID: 36822060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Relying on the high mobility of water flow, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the water tends to be exacerbated and enlarged. It caused negative impacts on a wider scope of the environment. The ARGs dissemination monitoring and the methods efficiently reducing their concentration in water became the focus of interest. Green chemicals with antibacterial effects such as tea polyphenols (TPs) and catechins (CA) have been considered as auxiliary disinfectants for ARGs removal in the water environment. However, the antibacterial performance of TPs and CA under the stress of external antibiotics still lacks sufficient research. The results show that more operational taxonomic units can be observed in water samples with TPs and CA than in those without the ingredients under pressure of tetracycline. An unexpected increase along with the increase of ARGs concentrations and the diversity of microbial communities under the low-concentration TPs or CA (1 mg/L). Besides, under the stress of tetracycline, the inhibition of TPs was detected to be strengthened for increase of inti1 and tetC but weakened towards for the increase of tetA. Whilst CA substantially diminished abundances of tetC and tetA under tetracycline pressure. This research demonstrated that TPs and CA are able to assuage development of ARGs under the pressure of antibiotic in water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Yu
- Dept. of Civil Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Xiwangdadao 1#, Yancheng 224003, China
| | - Jiajun Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xingxiang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC-AEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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Michaelis C, Grohmann E. Horizontal Gene Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Biofilms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020328. [PMID: 36830238 PMCID: PMC9952180 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most bacteria attach to biotic or abiotic surfaces and are embedded in a complex matrix which is known as biofilm. Biofilm formation is especially worrisome in clinical settings as it hinders the treatment of infections with antibiotics due to the facilitated acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Environmental settings are now considered as pivotal for driving biofilm formation, biofilm-mediated antibiotic resistance development and dissemination. Several studies have demonstrated that environmental biofilms can be hotspots for the dissemination of ARGs. These genes can be encoded on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as conjugative and mobilizable plasmids or integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). ARGs can be rapidly transferred through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) which has been shown to occur more frequently in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. Biofilm models are promising tools to mimic natural biofilms to study the dissemination of ARGs via HGT. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of biofilm studies and the techniques that visualize the three main HGT mechanisms in biofilms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
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Soil Component: A Potential Factor Affecting the Occurrence and Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020333. [PMID: 36830244 PMCID: PMC9952537 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in soil have become research hotspots in the fields of public health and environmental ecosystems, but the effects of soil types and soil components on the occurrence and spread of ARGs still lack systematic sorting and in-depth research. Firstly, investigational information about ARB and ARGs contamination of soil was described. Then, existing laboratory studies about the influence of the soil component on ARGs were summarized in the following aspects: the influence of soil types on the occurrence of ARGs during natural or human activities and the control of exogenously added soil components on ARGs from the macro perspectives, the effects of soil components on the HGT of ARGs in a pure bacterial system from the micro perspectives. Following that, the similarities in pathways by which soil components affect HGT were identified, and the potential mechanisms were discussed from the perspectives of intracellular responses, plasmid activity, quorum sensing, etc. In the future, related research on multi-component systems, multi-omics methods, and microbial communities should be carried out in order to further our understanding of the occurrence and spread of ARGs in soil.
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Li Q, Tian L, Cai X, Wang Y, Mao Y. Plastisphere showing unique microbiome and resistome different from activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158330. [PMID: 36041613 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastisphere (the biofilm on microplastics) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may enrich pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) which can cause risks to the ecological environment by discharging into receiving waters. However, the microbiome and resistome of plastisphere in activated sludge (AS) systems remain inconclusive. Here, metagenome was applied to investigate the microbial composition, functions and ARGs of the Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastisphere in lab-scale reactors, and revealed the effects of tetracycline (TC) and/or Cu(II) pressures on them. The results indicated that the plastisphere provided a new niche for microbiota showing unique functions distinct from the AS. Particularly, various potentially pathogenic bacteria tended to enrich in PVC plastisphere. Moreover, various ARGs were detected in plastisphere and AS, but the plastisphere had more potential ARGs hosts and a stronger correlation with ARGs. The ARGs abundances increased after exposure to TC and/or Cu(II) pressures, especially tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs), and the results further showed that TRGs with different resistance mechanisms were separately enriched in plastisphere and AS. Furthermore, the exogenous pressures from Cu(II) or/and TC also enhanced the association of potential pathogens with TRGs in PVC plastisphere. The findings contribute to assessing the potential risks of spreading pathogens and ARGs through microplastics in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China
| | - Li Tian
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China
| | - Xunchao Cai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China
| | - Yanping Mao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, China.
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Zhai H, Guo Y, Zhang L, Miao Y, Wang J. Presence of bromide and iodide promotes the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes during chlorination: A preliminary study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157250. [PMID: 35817106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorination was reported to have a great potential to increase horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which poses a great threat to global human health. Bromide (Br-) and iodide (I-) ions are widely spread ions in water and wastewater. In chlorination, Br- and I- can be oxidized to active bromine and iodine species. The influence of the co-existing different halogen oxidants (chlorine + bromine or iodine species) on HGT of ARGs were rarely investigated. In this study, the conjugative transfer of ARGs between a donor strain E. coli K12 and a recipient strain E. coli HB101 was investigated in chlorination without/with the presence of Br- or I-. Immediately after the addition of sodium hypochlorite, 53-88 % of the dosed chlorine was rapidly consumed, 10 %-42 % fast transformed into organic combined chloramines, and only low levels of free chlorine (0.02-0.8 mg/L as Cl2) left in the diluted cultural medium. Conjugative transfer mediated by the RP4 plasmid was not significantly enhanced in chlorination without the presence of Br- or I-. With the presence of Br- (0.5-5.0 mg/L) or I- (0.05-0.5 mg/L) in chlorination, the co-existing free halogen oxidants and their organic combined ones up-regulated the mRNA expression of the oxidative stress-regulatory gene (rpoS), outer membrane protein gene (ompC), and conjugation-relevant genes (trbBp and trfAp), and caused more damage to cell entirety. As a result, the co-existing reactive halogen oxidants enhanced the HGT of ARGs probably via conjugative transfer and transformation. This study showed that the presence of Br- and I- of common levels in aquatic environment promoted HGT of ARGs in chlorination, thus accelerating the transmission and prevalence of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Yujing Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Liangyu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Dali Road 1, Tianjin 300050, PR China
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Su H, Wu C, Han P, Liu Z, Liang M, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Guo G, He X, Pang J, Wang C, Weng S, He J. The microbiome and its association with antibiotic resistance genes in the hadal biosphere at the Yap Trench. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129543. [PMID: 35870206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hadal biosphere, the deepest part of the ocean, is known as the least-explored aquatic environment and hosts taxonomically diverse microbial communities. However, the microbiome and its association with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the hadal ecosystem remain unknown. Here, we profiled the microbiome diversity and ARG occurrence in seawater and sediments of the Yap Trench (YT) using metagenomic sequencing. Within the prokaryote (bacteria and archaea) lineages, the main components of bacteria were Gammaproteobacteria (77.76 %), Firmicutes (8.36 %), and Alphaproteobacteria (2.25 %), whereas the major components of archaea were Nitrososphaeria (6.51 %), Nanoarchaeia (0.42 %), and Thermoplasmata (0.25 %), respectively. Taxonomy of viral contigs showed that the classified viral communities in YT seawater and sediments were dominated by Podoviridae (45.96 %), Siphoviridae (29.41 %), and Myoviridae (24.63 %). A large majority of viral contigs remained uncharacterized and exhibited endemicity. A total of 48 ARGs encoding resistance to 12 antibiotic classes were identified and their hosts were bacteria and viruses. Novel ARG subtypes mexFYTV-1, mexFYTV-2, mexFYTV-3, vanRYTV-1, vanSYTV-1 (carried by unclassified viruses), and bacAYTB-1 (carried by phylum Firmicutes) were detected in seawater samples. Overall, our findings imply that the hadal environment of the YT is a repository of viral and ARG diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Su
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Chengcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peiyun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Mincong Liang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Baidu International Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518062, China
| | - Zhike Wang
- Hainan Guodun Information Development, Haikou 570206, China
| | - Guangyu Guo
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Xinyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianhu Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianguo He
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China; State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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43
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Shi X, Xia Y, Wei W, Ni BJ. Accelerated spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) induced by non-antibiotic conditions: Roles and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119060. [PMID: 36096030 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The global spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has wreaked havoc with the treatment efficiency of antibiotics and, ultimately, anti-microbial chemotherapy, and has been conventionally attributed to the abuse and misuse of antibiotics. However, the ancient ARGs have alterative functions in bacterial physiology and thus they could be co-regulated by non-antibiotic conditions. Recent research has demonstrated that many non-antibiotic chemicals such as microplastics, metallic nanoparticles and non-antibiotic drugs, as well as some non-antibiotic conditions, can accelerate the dissemination of ARGs. These results suggested that the role of antibiotics might have been previously overestimated whereas the effects of non-antibiotic conditions were possibly ignored. Thus, in an attempt to fully understand the fate and behavior of ARGs in the eco-system, it is urgent to critically highlight the role and mechanisms of non-antibiotic chemicals and related environmental factors in the spread of ARGs. To this end, this timely review assessed the evolution of ARGs, especially its function alteration, summarized the non-antibiotic chemicals promoting the spread of ARGs, evaluated the non-antibiotic conditions related to ARG dissemination and analyzed the molecular mechanisms related to spread of ARGs induced by the non-antibiotic factors. Finally, this review then provided several critical perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Shi
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Li J, Li J, Zhang Y, Lu H. The responses of marine anammox bacteria-based microbiome to multi-antibiotic stress in mariculture wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119050. [PMID: 36084441 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Saline mariculture wastewater containing multi-antibiotics poses a challenge to anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process. Herein, the halophilic marine anammox bacteria (MAB)-based microbiome was used for treating mariculture wastewater (35‰ salinity) under multi-antibiotics (enrofloxacin + oxytetracycline + sulfamethoxazole, EOS) stress. And the main focus of this study lies in the response of MAB-based microbiome against multi-antibiotics stress. It is found that MAB-based microbiome shows stable community structure and contributes high nitrogen removal efficiency (>90%) even under high stress of EOS (up to 4 mg·L-1). The relative abundance of main functional genus Candidatus Scalindua, responsible for anammox, had little change while controlling the influent EOS concentration within 4 mg·L-1, whereas, significantly decreased to 2.23% at EOS concentration of as high as 24 mg·L-1. As an alternative, antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) species Rheinheimera dominated the microbial community of MAB-based biological reactor under extremely high EOS stress (e.g. 24 mg·L-1 in influent). The response mechanism of MAB-based microbiome consists of extracellular and intracellular defenses with dependence of EOS concentration. For example, while EOS within 4 mg·L-1 in this study, most of the antibiotics were retained by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) via adsorption; If increasing the EOS concentration to 8 and even 24 mg·L-1, part of antibiotics could intrude into the cells and cause the intracellular accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (total abundance up to 2.44 × 10-1 copies/16S rRNA) for EOS response. These new understandings will facilitate the practical implementation of MAB-based bioprocess for saline nitrogen- and antibiotics-laden wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yulong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Emergence and Transfer of Plasmid-Harbored rmtB in a Clinical Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091818. [PMID: 36144421 PMCID: PMC9500886 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a great challenge to clinical treatment. In this study, we characterized a ST768 MDR P. aeruginosa strain, Pa150, that was isolated from a diabetic foot patient. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay showed that Pa150 was resistant to almost all kinds of antibiotics, especially aminoglycosides. Whole genome sequencing revealed multiple antibiotic resistant genes on the chromosome and a 437-Kb plasmid (named pTJPa150) that harbors conjugation-related genes. A conjugation assay verified its self-transmissibility. On the pTJPa150 plasmid, we identified a 16S rRNA methylase gene, rmtB, that is flanked by mobile genetic elements (MGEs). The transfer of the pTJPa150 plasmid or the cloning of the rmtB gene into the reference strain, PAO1, significantly increased the bacterial resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an rmtB-carrying conjugative plasmid isolated from P. aeruginosa, revealing a novel possible transmission mechanism of the rmtB gene.
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Liu C, Li B, Wu B, Lin H, Jiang L, Qiu Y. How heavy metal stress promotes dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the activated sludge process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129279. [PMID: 35724617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals have been recently revealed as promoters to antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination in water environment, but their influence on ARG transfer in the activated sludge process has not been clear. In this study, a set of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and micro-scale microfluidic chips were established to quantify the impacts of heavy metals (0.5 mM of Pb, 0.1 mM of As, and 0.005 mM of Hg) on the ARG spreading in the activated sludge consortium. Under heavy metal stress, transfer frequencies were 1.7-3.6 folds increase compared to the control. Gram-negative bacteria increased significantly after heavy metal added, which were more prone to receiving resistant plasmid from donors. Meanwhile, the relative expression of genes related to conjugation changed in activated sludge, especially the expression of outer membrane protein and oxidative stress regulatory genes increased by 2.9-7.4 folds and 7.8-13.1 folds, respectively. Furthermore, using microfluidic chips, the dynamics of ARG transfer was observed at single cell level under heavy metal pressure. Heavy metals firstly promoted conjugation and then vertical gene transfer played an important part for ARG spreading. The results provided in-depth understanding of the influence of heavy metals on ARG behavior in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - BeiBei Wu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lintian Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Hazra M, Joshi H, Williams JB, Watts JEM. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria/genes in urban wastewater: A comparison of their fate in conventional treatment systems and constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135148. [PMID: 35640694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern that the use and misuse of antibiotics can increase the detection of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatment plants provide a pathway for ARGs and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) to be released into natural water bodies. Research has indicated that conventional primary and secondary treatment systems can reduce ARGs/ARB to varying degrees. However, in developing/low-income countries, only 8-28% of wastewater is treated via conventional treatment processes, resulting in the environment being exposed to high levels of ARGs, ARB and pharmaceuticals in raw sewage. The use of constructed wetlands (CWs) has the potential to provide a low-cost solution for wastewater treatment, with respect to removal of nutrients, pathogens, ARB/ARGs either as a standalone treatment process or when integrated with conventional treatment systems. Recently, CWs have also been employed for the reduction of antibiotic residues, pharmaceuticals, and emerging contaminants. Given the benefits of ARG removal, low cost of construction, maintenance, energy requirement, and performance efficiencies, CWs offer a promising solution for developing/low-income countries. This review promotes a better understanding of the performance efficiency of treatment technologies (both conventional systems and CWs) for the reduction of antibiotics and ARGs/ARB from wastewater and explores workable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushumi Hazra
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Himanshu Joshi
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - John B Williams
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Joy E M Watts
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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48
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Li W, Zhang G. Detection and various environmental factors of antibiotic resistance gene horizontal transfer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113267. [PMID: 35413299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance in water environments is becoming increasingly severe, and new antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have also attracted the attention of researchers. The horizontal transfer of ARGs in water environments is considered one of the main sources of bacterial resistance in the natural environment. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) mainly includes conjugation, natural transformation, and transduction, and conjugation has been investigated most. Several studies have shown that there are a large number of environmental factors that might affect the horizontal transfer of ARGs in water environments, such as nanomaterials, various oxidants, and light; however, there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive reviews on the detection and the effects of the influence factors of on ARG horizontal transfer. Therefore, this study introduced three HGT modes, analysed the advantages and disadvantages of current methods for monitoring HGT, and then summarized the influence and mechanism of various factors on ARG horizontal transfer, and the possible reasons for the different effects caused by similar factors were mainly critically discussed. Finally, existing research deficiencies and future research directions of ARG horizontal transfer in water environments were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guosheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
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49
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wu J, Hua Q, Bao C. Distribution and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in different soil-plant systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:59159-59172. [PMID: 35381918 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The extensive application of farm manure that is contaminated with pharmaceutical antibiotics not only causes substantial soil pollution but additionally leads to the input of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) into the soil. These ARGs would proliferate and affect human health via the food chain. The effects of cultivated crops and wild plants on ARGs in rhizosphere soil are unclear. Therefore, we chose potted plants of cultivated crops (pakchoi, lettuce, corn) and wild plants (barnyard grass, crabgrass, dog tail), and set up test groups, i.e., treatment group, antibiotic-contaminated soil; control group, no antibiotic-contaminated soil; and a blank group without plants. The aim was to explore differences in the distribution and transfer of ARGs in the soil-plant system between cultivated crops and wild plants and at the same time to explore the influence of bacterial community evolution on ARGs in the rhizosphere soil of cultivated crops and wild plants. We concluded that under the pressure of antibiotic selection, ARGs can be transferred to the root endophytes of plants through the soil and further to the phyllosphere of plants, and cultivated crops such as pakchoi and wild plants barnyard grass have a strong ability to transport ARGs. Regardless of cultivated crops or wild plants, the abundance of ARGs in rhizosphere soil can be substantially reduced by 66.53 ~ 85.35%. Redundancy analysis and network analysis indicated that bacterial community succession is the main mechanism affecting changes of ARGs in rhizosphere soil. The reduction of Firmicutes due to the plant was the main factor responsible for the reduction of the abundance of ARGs in rhizosphere soil. The tetA, tetG, tetX, sul2, and qnrS genes are highly related to some potential pathogens, and the health risks they bring are a red flag that deserves attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Hua
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Canxin Bao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
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Ji H, Cai Y, Wang Z, Li G, An T. Sub-lethal photocatalysis promotes horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes by conjugation and transformability. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118808. [PMID: 35841790 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water is increasingly becoming a worldwide problem due to frequent recent major public health events. Herein, the horizontal ARG transfer mechanisms were studied under sub-lethal photocatalysis. The results show that ARGs had at most a 3- to 6-fold increase in the conjugative transfer frequency when only donor bacteria were induced with sub-lethal photocatalysis, while the frequency exhibited a trend toward inhibition when only the recipient bacteria were induced. However, when the donor or recipient bacteria were induced beforehand for a specific time, the frequency increased by a maximum of 10- to 22-fold. Moreover, the horizontal transfer frequency and its mechanism were related to the oxidative stress systems, ATP systems and the expression of related genes. Furthermore, the transformability of extracellular plasmids of the ARB and the contribution in horizontal transfer were also studied. Results show that the transformation frequency accounted for up to 50% of the total number of transconjugants, indicating that transformation might be a primary mode of horizontal ARG transfer by ARB in water. All of the above results demonstrate that sub-lethal photocatalysis will increase the frequency of horizontal gene transfer of ARGs through both conjugative transfer and the transformation pathway, which increases the risk of ARB in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiwei Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zaixia Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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