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Brigmon RL, McLeod KW, Doman E, Seaman JC. The impact of tritium phytoremediation on plant health as measured by fluorescence. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2022; 255:107018. [PMID: 36150321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation, using plants for soil, sediment, or water contaminant clean-up, is an established technology dependent on plant health. Tritium (3H), a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that is generally found in the environment as tritiated water (HTO), is a low-level beta emitter with a half-life of 12.32 years. Chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) for monitoring risk assessment of tritium to plant health was conducted at the Tritium Irrigation Facility (TIF) located on the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) near Aiken, SC. Two fluorometers were evaluated in conjunction with phytoremediation at the 25 -acre TIF where tritiated groundwater is being spray-irrigated on a mixed coniferous/deciduous forested watershed as a means of reducing tritium release to a nearby stream that serves as a tributary to the Savannah River. Tritium activity in irrigated water averaged 104 + 42 pCi mL-1 during the 2003 project. Fluorescence parameters measured by the two fluorometers were well correlated with each other (p < 0.0001). Tritium in water respired from oak leaves ranged up to 1845.13 pCi ml-1 and 2138.22 pCi ml-1 in pine needles. Trees in both the test and control sites were approximately 15 years old. Here we demonstrated that fluorescence parameters provide an effective way to estimate the impact of HTO on plant health in a noninvasive, extremely rapid, and cost-effective manner. In the current study applying fluorometry, plants within the TIF phytoremediation site exposed to the site tritiated water were not significantly impacted by the tritium phytoremediation based on CF parameters as compared to the control, a nascent non-irrigated site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L Brigmon
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC, 29808, United States.
| | - Kenneth W McLeod
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC, 29802, United States
| | - Eric Doman
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC, 29808, United States
| | - John C Seaman
- Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, SC, 29802, United States
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2
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Yang M, Pang J, Zhang Z, Fu J, Fan H, Zhang Y, Min L, Zhou B, Han J. K Value: An Indicator that can Characterize the Cold and Hot Properties of Traditional Chinese Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:877102. [PMID: 35645823 PMCID: PMC9133557 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.877102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The cold and hot properties of Chinese medicines are an important concept to represent the function of drugs, and are also a unique classification method of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The method reflects an herb’s therapeutic properties and guides reasonable clinical prescription. However, the present key problem is the lack of an objective and quantitative evaluation index for the cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs. Delayed luminescence (DL) is the long-term afterglow of biological systems after illumination with light, which can reflect differences in herbal materials prepared under different conditions. We aim to use S. obliquus as an indicator organism to characterize the differences between the cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs. Methods: Scenedesmus obliquus (S. obliquus) was used as an indicator organism to characterize the differences between the cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs. The decoction solution of different properties of Chinese herbs was added to S. obliquus culture medium; then, the delayed luminescence (DL) of S. obliquus after the addition of decoctions of different properties of Chinese herbs was measured to obtain information on the effect of different properties of Chinese herbs on S. obliquus. Many DL parameters were calculated, and ROC curve analysis was applied with the aim of finding a suitable parameter that can characterize the differences in cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs. Results: Our results show that the K value is a sensitive parameter that can reflect the differences of cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs, thus providing new insights into the cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs. Conclusions: DL measurement of S. obliquus after addition of different properties of Chinese herbs could be a novel and promising method to study the cold and hot properties of Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jingxiang Pang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jialei Fu
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lingyuan Min
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Baochen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College and Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinxiang Han,
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Htwe T, Chotikarn P, Duangpan S, Onthong J, Buapet P, Sinutok S. Integrated biomarker responses of rice associated with grain yield in copper-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:8947-8956. [PMID: 34498193 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) contamination in soil is an environmental issue that affects rice growth and development. This study investigated changes in photosynthetic capacities in combination with integrated biomarker responses at different growth stages of rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Hom Bai Toey) exposed to various concentrations of Cu. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Exposure to high copper concentrations of 200 Cu mg kg-1 of soil and more resulted in a marked decline in the photosynthetic efficiency of Photosystem II (Phi2) but increased yield of non-photochemical quenching (PhiNPQ) and yield of non-regulatory energy dissipation (PhiNO) at tillering and flowering stages. In addition, these concentrations induced a delay in the flowering of rice, as a consequence of stress experienced in early growth stage. Significant lipid peroxidation and leaf area reduction were observed with 400 Cu mg kg-1 treatment at flowering stage. Rice grain yield decreased significantly at copper concentrations of 200 and 400 mg kg-1. Overall, excess copper inhibited photosynthetic capacity, growth, and development of rice in the early growth stage, and synergistic effects of yield components contributed to final grain yield reduction at harvesting stage. In addition, calculated integrated biomarker response (IBR) values reflect well the severity of Cu toxicity with a decreasing order from tillering stage to harvesting stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Than Htwe
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Ponlachart Chotikarn
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
- Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
- Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Saowapa Duangpan
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Jumpen Onthong
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pimchanok Buapet
- Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
| | - Sutinee Sinutok
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand.
- Coastal Oceanography and Climate Change Research Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand.
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Peng X, Lin Q, Liu B, Huang S, Yan W, Zhang L, Ge F, Zhang Y, Wu Z. Effect of submerged plant coverage on phytoplankton community dynamics and photosynthetic activity in situ. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113822. [PMID: 34607135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Restoration of submerged plants in eutrophic lakes can reduce nutrients and phytoplankton biomass in the water body. However, the effect of submerged plants on phytoplankton communities and their photosynthetic activity in situ are still poorly understood. Here, we studied the response of phytoplankton community structure and fluorescence parameters to different submerged plants coverage, the relationship of phytoplankton community and fluorescence parameters with submerged plants coverage and water physicochemical parameters were analysed in sampling area of Hangzhou West Lakes. The results showed that the coverage and biomass of submerged plants were negatively correlated with nitrogen and phosphorus contents in water body but positively correlated with total phenol content. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in the study site changed greatly (32.25-124.54). In spring and summer, Oscillatoria and Leptolyngbya (Cyanophyta) were the dominant species, while in autumn and winter, the dominant species were Cyclotella (Chlorophyta), and Melosira and Cymbella (Bacillariophyta). Compared with Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta, fluorescence parameters of Cyanophyta were more sensitive to total phosphorus, N:P ratio, total phenols, pH, and electric conductivity. Fluorescence parameters of Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta were only affected by underwater light. Total phosphorus (TP) and N:P had a negative effect on the maximum photochemical electron yield of Cyanophyta. Furthermore, Cyanophyta was inhibited by total phenols from submerged plants. When phytoplankton were under stress, photochemical electron yield decreased significantly, whereas non-photochemical quenching increased. The structural equation model showed that the coverage of submerged plants might indirectly affect the fluorescence parameters of Cyanophyta by affecting nitrogen, phosphorus, and total phenol contents in the water body. These findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the impact of submerged plant restoration on phytoplankton community dynamics in subtropical eutrophic shallow lakes and provide a theoretical basis for the management of lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingwei Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Suzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenhao Yan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fangjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Jasu A, Ray RR. Biofilm mediated strategies to mitigate heavy metal pollution: A critical review in metal bioremediation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Kim H, Wang H, Ki JS. Chloroacetanilides inhibit photosynthesis and disrupt the thylakoid membranes of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum as revealed with metazachlor treatment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111928. [PMID: 33476845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chloroacetanilides are among the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, which contaminate aquatic environments and affect aquatic phototrophs. Their sub-lethal toxicity has been evaluated using freshwater algae; however, the modes of cellular toxicity and levels of toxicity to marine organisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we assessed the cellular and molecular effects of chloroacetanilides on marine phototrophs using the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum and the herbicide metazachlor (MZC). The MZC treatment led to a considerable reduction in cell number and pigment, and the EC50 of MZC was calculated to be 0.647 mg/L. The photosynthetic parameters, Fv/Fm and chlorophyll fluorescence significantly decreased with MZC exposure time in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, MZC significantly induced photosynthesis genes, including PmpsbA, PmpsaA, and PmatpB, and the antioxidant PmGST, but not PmKatG. These findings were well matched to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in MZC-treated cells. Interestingly, we observed inflated vacuoles, undivided chloroplasts, and breakdown of thylakoid membranes in MZC-treated cells. These results support the hypothesis that MZC severely damages chloroplasts, resulting in dysfunction of the dinoflagellate photosynthesis and possibly marine phototrophs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, South Korea.
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7
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Huang S, Zhu J, Zhang L, Peng X, Zhang X, Ge F, Liu B, Wu Z. Combined Effects of Allelopathic Polyphenols on Microcystis aeruginosa and Response of Different Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:614570. [PMID: 33335524 PMCID: PMC7736180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.614570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are allelochemicals secreted by aquatic plants that effectively control cyanobacteria blooms. In this study, sensitive response parameters (including CFPs) of Microcystis aeruginosa were explored under the stress of different polyphenols individually and their combination. The combined effects on M. aeruginosa were investigated based on the most sensitive parameter and cell densities. For pyrogallic acid (PA) and gallic acid (GA), the sensitivity order of parameters based on the EC50 values (from 0.73 to 3.40 mg L–1 for PA and from 1.05 to 2.68 mg L–1 for GA) and the results of the hierarchical cluster analysis showed that non-photochemical quenching parameters [NPQ, qN, qN(rel) and qCN] > photochemical quenching parameters [YII, qP, qP(rel) and qL] or others [Fv/Fm, F’v/F’m, qTQ and UQF(rel)] > cell densities. CFPs were not sensitive to ellagic acid (EA) and (+)-catechin (CA). The sensitivity order of parameters for M. aeruginosa with PA-GA mixture was similar to that under PA and GA stress. The quantitative (Toxicity Index, TI) and qualitative (Isobologram representation) methods were employed to evaluate the combined effects of PA, GA, and CA on M. aeruginosa based on cell densities and NPQ. TI values based on the EC50 cells suggested the additive effects of binary and multiple polyphenols, but synergistic and additive effects according to the EC50 NPQ (varied from 0.16 to 1.94). In terms of NPQ of M. aeruginosa, the binary polyphenols exhibited synergistic effects when the proportion of high toxic polyphenols PA or GA was lower than 40%, and the three polyphenols showed a synergistic effect only at the ratio of 1:1:1. Similar results were also found by isobologram representation. The results showed that increasing the ratio of high toxic polyphenols would not enhance the allelopathic effects, and the property, proportion and concentrations of polyphenols played an important role in the combined effects. Compared with cell densities, NPQ was a more suitable parameter as evaluating indicators in the combined effects of polyphenols on M. aeruginosa. These results could provide a method to screen the allelochemicals of polyphenols inhibiting cyanobacteria and improve the inhibitory effects by different polyphenols combined modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Zhu
- Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangjie Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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8
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Mkhinini M, Helaoui S, Boughattas I, Amemou C, Banni M. Earthworm Eisenia andrei modulates oxidative stress in bean plants Vicia faba irrigated with treated wastewater. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1003-1016. [PMID: 32617728 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With respect to reducing the pressure on freshwater resources, treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation represents a sustainable alternative in agriculture. Due to their low quality and variable composition, TWW could entail harmful consequences for living organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. This study aims to evaluate how earthworm (Eisenia andrei) can modulate oxidative stress in bean plants (Vicia faba) that are irrigated over a course of 60 days with two doses of TWW (50 and 100%) in addition to a control condition (0%) irrigated with distilled water. This is achieved by measuring glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in plants. Furthermore, catalase (CAT), GST, MDA, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of the earthworms are also assessed. Our results show that growth and physiological parameters are modified when applying TWW irrigation. Moreover, oxidative stress apprehended by GST activity and MDA accumulation is exacerbated in V. faba plants after exposure to increased TWW doses. Similarly, TWW irrigation enhances oxidative stress parameters in earthworms with a crucial decrease in AChE activity. In addition, the presence of earthworms increases growth and physiological parameters; it also results in a significant reduction in GST activity and MDA rate in V. faba plants. Our results provide new insights into the impact of TWW irrigation on soil organisms and the importance of earthworms in the reduction of oxidative stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Mkhinini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Helaoui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Iteb Boughattas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Cyrine Amemou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohammed Banni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Meriem, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Charalampous N, Grammatikopoulos G, Kourmentza C, Kornaros M, Dailianis S. Effects of Burkholderia thailandensis rhamnolipids on the unicellular algae Dunaliella tertiolecta. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109413. [PMID: 31284121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of rhamnolipids (RLs) produced and further purified from Burkholderia thailandensis, on the unicellular microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta were investigated, in terms of RLs ability to affect algal growth, photosynthetic apparatus structure and energy flux, round and through photosystems II and I. Specifically, 24-48 h RLs-treated algae (RLs at concentrations ranged from 5 to 50 mg L-1) showed significantly decreased levels of growth rate, while increased levels of Chl a and b were obtained only in 72-96 h RLs-treated algae. Similarly, although no changes were obtained in the Chl a/b ratio and almost all chlorophyll fluorescence parameters over time, yields of electron transport (ϕR0, ϕE0) and respective performance index (PItotal) were negatively affected at 72 and 96 h. Based on those findings, it seems that the inhibitory effect of RLs on the algae growth rate after 24 and 48 h and the gradual attenuation of the phenomenon (after 72 h of exposure), may indicate the initial response of the organism, as well as algae ability to overcome, since RLs showed no effects on algae photosynthetic ability. Those findings reveal for the first time that RLs from Burkholderia thailandensis are not harmful for Dunaliella tertiolecta. However, further studies with the use of more aquatic species could be essential for assessing the RLs-mediated effects on aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Charalampous
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Giorgos Grammatikopoulos
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Section of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Constantina Kourmentza
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, RG6 6AP, Reading, UK
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Technology (LBEET), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Karatheodori 1 Str., GR-26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece.
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Varga M, Horvatić J, Žurga P, Brusić I, Moslavac M. Phytotoxicity assessment of isoproturon on growth and physiology of non-targeted aquatic plant Lemna minor L. - A comparison of continuous and pulsed exposure with equivalent time-averaged concentrations. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105225. [PMID: 31220755 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phenylurea herbicides are often present in the aquatic ecosystems and may be accumulated by the non-targeted organisms and impose a negative effect on the organism and the community. This study aims to investigate and compare the effects of two different isoproturon (IPU) pulse exposure scenarios on the non-targeted aquatic plant Lemna minor with effects observed in the standard test with continuous exposure. The obtained results showed that continuous IPU treatment causes significant reduction of photosynthetic pigment concentration and proteins as well as inhibition of L. minor growth. The activities of CAT, G-POX, and APX were significantly induced to diminish the accumulation of ROS under IPU treatment, but the induction of antioxidant enzymes was not sufficient to protect the plants from herbicide-induced oxidative stress. The growth of L. minor under pulse exposure to IPU recovers fast, but pulse treatment results in significant physiological changes in treated plants. The accumulation of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation products, alongside the reduced concentration of proteins and photosynthetic pigments in pulse treatment after a recovery period, indicates that IPU causes prolonged oxidative stress in L. minor plants. The recovery potential of L. minor plants after treatment with herbicides may have an important role in maintaining the population of essential primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, but IPU-induced physiological changes could potentially have a significant role in modulating the response of the plants to the next exposure event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Varga
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Ulica cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Janja Horvatić
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Ulica cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Paula Žurga
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Iva Brusić
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-goranska County, Krešimirova 52, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Moslavac
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Ulica cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Pustiglione Marinsek G, Moledo de Souza Abessa D, Gusso-Choueri PK, Brasil Choueri R, Nascimento Gonçalves AR, D'angelo Barroso BV, Souza Santos G, Margarete Cestari M, Galvão de Campos B, de Britto Mari R. Enteric nervous system analyses: New biomarkers for environmental quality assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:711-722. [PMID: 30503489 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of fish is a target of contaminants since it can absorb these substances. We evaluated the morphophysiological alterations in the GIT of Sphoeroides testudineus collected in two estuaries presenting differences in their environmental quality (NIA and IA). The intestine was analyzed for histological and neuronal changes; liver and gills for biochemical markers; muscle tissues for neurotoxicity and peripheral blood for genotoxic damage. The results showed alterations in the GIT of the animals collected in the IA, such as muscle tunica and goblet cell density reduction, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes density and changes in neuronal density. Furthermore, changes were observed in MTs and LPO in the gills. Thus, we suggest that TGI is functioning as a barrier that responds to ingested contaminants, in order to reduce their absorption and translocation. Thus, alterations in morphophysiological and enteric neurons in S. testudineus can be used as biomarkers of environmental contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pustiglione Marinsek
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil..
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Department of Marine Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos Campus (UNIFESP - Santos), Av. Almirante Saldanha da Gama, 89, CP 11030-490 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Vivian D'angelo Barroso
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Souza Santos
- Genetics Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), 81531-990 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Galvão de Campos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata de Britto Mari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, Parque Bitaru, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
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Cheng L, He Y, Tian Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Wu Z. Comparative biotoxicity of N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine and N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine on cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 176:183-191. [PMID: 28260658 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine (P1NA) and N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine (P2NA) are both widely used as antioxidant and plant secondary metabolites. In this study, growth, esterase, photosynthetic activity and cell membrane integrity were used as biomarkers to compare biotoxicity of P1NA and P2NA on Microcystis aeruginosa. According to the results, a dose-response relationship was observed only between P1NA concentrations and growth inhibition. The EC50 (48 h) of P1NA calculated from growth inhibition was 16.62 μM, while that of P2NA was not detected. When the esterase and photosynthetic activity were applied to evaluate the biotoxicity, it was found that a concentration of 20 μM P1NA, P2NA caused reduction of esterase activity and Fv/Fm of M. aeruginosa to 22.2 and 3.3%, 97.5 and 92.1%, respectively, after 48 h exposure. The percentage of membrane-damaged cells was increased as P1NA exposure concentration increased, but that was not detected when exposure to P2NA. The difference substituted position in the molecular structure of P1NA and P2NA leads to different toxicological properties and only P1NA was found highly toxic to M. aeruginosa. The toxicity is due to that only P1NA can be biotransformed to 1,4-naphthoquinone, which could induce overproduction of intracellular ROS as well as result in oxidative damage and growth inhibition of test organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yongyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiaohong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Mitra A, Mukhopadhyay S. Biofilm mediated decontamination of pollutants from the environment. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2016.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Sun KF, Xu XR, Duan SS, Wang YS, Cheng H, Zhang ZW, Zhou GJ, Hong YG. Ecotoxicity of two organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos on non-targeting cyanobacteria Microcystis wesenbergii. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:1498-1507. [PMID: 25854898 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1458-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), as a replacement for the organochlorine pesticides, are generally considered non-toxic to plants and algae. Chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos are two OPs used for pest control all over the world. In this study, the dose-response of cyanobacteria Microcystis wesenbergii on OPs exposure and the stimulating effect of OPs with and without phosphorus source were investigated. The results showed that high concentrations of chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos caused significant decrease of chlorophyll a content. The median inhibitory concentrations (EC50) of chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos at 96 h were 15.40 and 261.16 μmol L(-1), respectively. Growth of M. wesenbergii under low concentration of OPs (ranged from 1/10,000 to 1/20 EC50), was increased by 35.85 % (chlorpyrifos) and 41.83 % (dichlorvos) at 120 h, respectively. Correspondingly, the highest enhancement on the maximum quantum yield (F v/F m) was 4.20 % (24 h) and 9.70 % (48 h), respectively. Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, known as O-J-I-P transients, showed significant enhancements in the O-J, J-I, and I-P transients under low concentrations of dichlorvos at 144 h, while enhancements of chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics induced by low concentrations of chlorpyrifos were only observed in the J-I transient at 144 h. Significant decreases of chlorophyll content, F v/F m and O-J-I-P transients with OPs as sole phosphorus source were found when they were compared with inorganic phosphate treatments. The results demonstrated an evidently hormetic dose-response of M. wesenbergii to both chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos, where high dose (far beyond environmental concentrations) exposure caused growth inhibition and low dose exposure induced enhancement on physiological processes. The stimulating effect of two OPs on growth of M. wesenbergii was negligible under phosphate limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Shun-Shan Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - You-Shao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zai-Wang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Guang-Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yi-Guo Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
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Engel F, Pinto LH, Del Ciampo LF, Lorenzi L, Heyder CDT, Häder DP, Erzinger GS. Comparative toxicity of physiological and biochemical parameters in Euglena gracilis to short-term exposure to potassium sorbate. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 24:153-162. [PMID: 25314908 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1367-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, is a widespread and efficient antioxidant that has multiple functions in plants, traditionally associated with the reactions of photosynthesis; however, it has moderate toxicity to various species including rat, fish, bacteria and human health. The effects of potassium sorbate on the movement and photosynthetic parameters of Euglena gracilis were studied during short-term exposure. Potassium sorbate showed acute toxicity to the green flagellate E. gracilis affecting different physiological parameters used as endpoints in an automatic bioassay such as motility, precision of gravitational orientation (r-value), upward movement and alignment, with mean EC50 values of 2867.2 mg L(-1). The concentrations above 625 mg L(-1) of potassium sorbate induce an inhibition of the photosynthetic efficiency and electron transport rate and, in concentrations more than 2500.0 mg L(-1), the Euglena cells undergo a complete inhibition of photosynthesis even at low light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Engel
- Master's and PhD Program in Health and Environment, University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 Campus - Industrial Zone, PO Box 246, Joinville, SC, CEP 89219-710, Brazil,
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16
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Hu C, Luo Q, Huang Q. Ecotoxicological effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on freshwater microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus obliquus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2014; 33:1129-1134. [PMID: 24464740 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As a persistent bioaccumulative compound, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is found in various ecosystems and receives growing attention. The acute toxicity of PFOA was tested on 2 freshwater microalgae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus obliquus. The 96-h concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50) values were measured, physiological responses of the algae were investigated, and uptake of PFOA by the algae was quantified. The EC50 values for C. reinhardtii and S. obliquus were 51.9 ± 1.0 mg/L and 44.0 ± 1.5 mg/L PFOA, respectively. After 8-d exposure to PFOA ranging from 10 mg/L to 40 mg/L, the growth of C. reinhardtii was significantly inhibited, whereas that of S. obliquus was only slightly suppressed. Increases in malonaldehyde and proline levels were observed in the 2 algae when exposed to PFOA at certain concentrations, for instance, 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L, which is indicative of the trigger of a defensive mechanism. The percentage of PFOA that was adsorbed by the algae after 8-d exposure at a dosage between 5 mg/L and 20 mg/L ranged from 5.5% to 7.5%, and the uptake of PFOA by the algae exceeded 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation & Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Linyi, China
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17
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Azizullah A, Richter P, Häder DP. Photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments in the flagellate Euglena gracilis - as sensitive endpoints for toxicity evaluation of liquid detergents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 133:18-26. [PMID: 24658006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to validate the applicability of photosynthetic performance using a PAM fluorometer and photosynthetic pigments in Euglena gracilis as endpoint parameters in toxicity assessment of liquid detergents using a dish washing liquid detergent during short- (0-72h) and long-term (7days) exposure. In short-term experiments, the detergent affected the photosynthetic efficiency with EC50 values (calculated for Fv/Fm) of 22.07%, 7.27%, 1.4% and 2.34%, after 0, 1, 24 and 72h, respectively. The relative electron transport rate (rETR) and quantum yield measured with increasing irradiances were also inhibited by the detergent. The most severe effect of the detergent on the light-harvesting pigments (μgmL(-1)) was observed after 72h where chlorophyll a and total carotenoids were decreased at concentrations above 0.1% and chlorophyll b was decreased at concentrations above 0.5%. In long-term experiments, the detergent reduced the photosynthetic efficiency of cultures giving an EC50 value of 0.867% for Fv/Fm. rETR and quantum yield with increasing irradiance were shown to be adversely affected at concentrations of 0.1% or above. A decrease in chlorophyll a and total carotenoids (μgmL(-1)) was observed at concentrations of 0.05% detergent or above. Chlorophyll b was shown to be comparatively less affected by detergent stress, and a significant decrease was observed at concentrations of 0.5% or above. However, there was no prominent decrease in per cell (Euglena) concentration of any pigment. It can be concluded that photosynthesis and light-harvesting pigments in E. gracilis were sensitive to detergent stress and can be used as sensitive parameters in toxicity assessment of detergents in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah Azizullah
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology Division, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology (KUST), 26000 Kohat, Pakistan.
| | - Peter Richter
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology Division, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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18
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Ni Y, Lai J, Wan J, Chen L. Photosynthetic responses and accumulation of mesotrione in two freshwater algae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:2288-2294. [PMID: 25059419 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00254g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mesotrione is a herbicide used for killing annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in maize. A recent investigation has shown that mesotrione has been detected as an organic contaminant in aquatic environments and may have a negative impact on aquatic organisms. To evaluate the eco-toxicity of mesotrione to algae, experiments focusing on photosynthetic responses and mesotrione accumulation in Microcystis sp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda were carried out. Both algae treated with mesotrione at 0.05-10 mg L(-1) for 7 days reduced the photosynthetic capacity. The fluorescence of chlorophyll a, the maximal PSII activity (Fv/Fm), and the parameters (Ik, α and ETRmax) of rapid light curves (RLCs) in both algae were decreased under mesotrione exposure. The 96 h EC50 values for mesotrione on S. quadricauda and Microcystis sp. were 4.41 and 6.19 mg L(-1), respectively. The latter shows more tolerance to mesotrione. Mesotrione was shown to be readily accumulated by both species. Such uptake of mesotrione led to the rapid removal of mesotrione from the medium. Overall, this study represents the initial comprehensive analyses of Microcystis sp. and S. quadricauda in adaptation to the mesotrione contaminated aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Tang Y, Li S, Qiao J, Wang H, Li L. Synergistic effects of nano-sized titanium dioxide and zinc on the photosynthetic capacity and survival of Anabaena sp. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14395-407. [PMID: 23852017 PMCID: PMC3742250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anabaena sp. was used to examine the toxicity of exposure to a nano-TiO2 suspension, Zn2+ solution, and mixtures of nano-TiO2 and Zn2+ suspensions. Typical chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including effective quantum yield, photosynthetic efficiency and maximal electron transport rate, were measured by a pulse-amplitude modulated fluorometer. Nano-TiO2 particles exhibited no significant toxicity at concentrations lower than 10.0 mg/L. The 96 h concentration for the 50% maximal effect (EC50) of Zn2+ alone to Anabaena sp. was 0.38 ± 0.004 mg/L. The presence of nano-TiO2 at low concentrations (<1.0 mg/L) significantly enhanced the toxicity of Zn2+ and consequently reduced the EC50 value to 0.29 ± 0.003 mg/L. However, the toxicity of the Zn2+/TiO2 system decreased with increasing nano-TiO2 concentration because of the substantial adsorption of Zn2+ by nano-TiO2. The toxicity curve of the Zn2+/TiO2 system as a function of incremental nano-TiO2 concentrations was parabolic. The toxicity significantly increased at the initial stage, reached its maximum, and then decreased with increasing nano-TiO2 concentration. Hydrodynamic sizes, concentration of nano-TiO2 and Zn2+ loaded nano-TiO2 were the main parameters for synergistic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.Q.); (H.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Shuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.Q.); (H.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Junlian Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.Q.); (H.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.Q.); (H.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.Q.); (H.W.); (L.L.)
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20
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Lambreva MD, Giardi MT, Rambaldi I, Antonacci A, Pastorelli S, Bertalan I, Husu I, Johanningmeier U, Rea G. A powerful molecular engineering tool provided efficient Chlamydomonas mutants as bio-sensing elements for herbicides detection. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61851. [PMID: 23613953 PMCID: PMC3629139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was prompted by increasing concerns about ecological damage and human health threats derived by persistent contamination of water and soil with herbicides, and emerging of bio-sensing technology as powerful, fast and efficient tool for the identification of such hazards. This work is aimed at overcoming principal limitations negatively affecting the whole-cell-based biosensors performance due to inadequate stability and sensitivity of the bio-recognition element. The novel bio-sensing elements for the detection of herbicides were generated exploiting the power of molecular engineering in order to improve the performance of photosynthetic complexes. The new phenotypes were produced by an in vitro directed evolution strategy targeted at the photosystem II (PSII) D1 protein of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, using exposures to radical-generating ionizing radiation as selection pressure. These tools proved successful to identify D1 mutations conferring enhanced stability, tolerance to free-radical-associated stress and competence for herbicide perception. Long-term stability tests of PSII performance revealed the mutants capability to deal with oxidative stress-related conditions. Furthermore, dose-response experiments indicated the strains having increased sensitivity or resistance to triazine and urea type herbicides with I(50) values ranging from 6 × 10(-8) M to 2 × 10(-6) M. Besides stressing the relevance of several amino acids for PSII photochemistry and herbicide sensing, the possibility to improve the specificity of whole-cell-based biosensors, via coupling herbicide-sensitive with herbicide-resistant strains, was verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya D Lambreva
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
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Hussain S, Devers-Lamrani M, Spor A, Rouard N, Porcherot M, Beguet J, Martin-Laurent F. Mapping field spatial distribution patterns of isoproturon-mineralizing activity over a three-year winter wheat/rape seed/barley rotation. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 90:2499-2511. [PMID: 23246724 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The temporal and spatial variability of the activity of soil microorganisms able to mineralize the herbicide isoproturon (IPU) pesticide was investigated over a three-year long crop rotation between 2008 and 2010. Isoproturon mineralization was higher in 2008, when winter wheat was treated with this herbicide, than in 2009 and 2010, when rape seed and barley were treated with different herbicides. Under laboratory conditions, we showed that isoproturon mineralization was not promoted by sulfonylurea herbicide applied on barley crop in 2010. IPU mineralization was shown to be highly variable at the field scale in years 2009 and 2010. Principal component analyses and analyses of similarities revealed that soil pH and equivalent humidity, and to a lesser extent soil organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were the main drivers of isoproturon-mineralizing activity variance. Using a rather simple model that yields the rate of isoproturon mineralization as a function of soil pH and equivalent humidity, we explained up to 85% of the variance observed. Mapping field-scale distribution of isoproturon mineralization over the three-year survey indicated higher variability in 2009 and in 2010 as compared to 2008, suggesting that isoproturon treatment applied to winter wheat promoted isoproturon mineralization activity and reduced its spatial variability. Field-scale distribution of isoproturon mineralization showed important similarity to the distribution of soil pH, equivalent humidity and to a lesser extent to soil organic matter and cation exchange capacity (CEC) thereby confirming our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussain
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - M Devers-Lamrani
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - A Spor
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - N Rouard
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - M Porcherot
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - J Beguet
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - F Martin-Laurent
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065 Dijon Cedex, France.
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Bi YF, Miao SS, Lu YC, Qiu CB, Zhou Y, Yang H. Phytotoxicity, bioaccumulation and degradation of isoproturon in green algae. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 243:242-249. [PMID: 23131497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Isoproturon (IPU) is a pesticide used for protection of land crops from weed or pathogen attack. Recent survey shows that IPU has been detected as a contaminant in aquatic systems and may have negative impact on aquatic organisms. To understand the phytotoxicity and potential accumulation and degradation of IPU in algae, a comprehensive study was performed with the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Algae exposed to 5-50 μg L(-1) IPU for 3d displayed progressive inhibition of cell growth and reduced chlorophyll fluorescence. Time-course experiments with 25 μg L(-1) IPU for 6d showed similar growth responses. The 72 h EC50 value for IPU was 43.25 μg L(-1), NOEC was 5 μg L(-1) and LOEC was 15 μg L(-1). Treatment with IPU induced oxidative stress. This was validated by a group of antioxidant enzymes, whose activities were promoted by IPU exposure. The up-regulation of several genes coding for the enzymes confirmed the observation. IPU was shown to be readily accumulated by C. reinhardtii. However, the alga showed a weak ability to degrade IPU accumulated in its cells, which was best presented at the lower concentration (5 μg L(-1)) of IPU in the medium. The imbalance of accumulation and degradation of IPU may be the cause that resulted in the detrimental growth and cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang Bi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Varshney S, Hayat S, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad A. Effects of herbicide applications in wheat fields: is phytohormones application a remedy? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2012; 7:570-5. [PMID: 22516826 PMCID: PMC3419022 DOI: 10.4161/psb.19689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The present review encompasses the physiological and yield constraints of herbicide applications with special reference to wheat productivity. Post-independence lagging of Indian agriculture to feed its population led to haphazard use of chemical pesticides and weedicides which deteriorated the productivity pay-off particularly of wheat and rice. Past some decades witnessed the potential use of certain phytohormones in augmenting abiotic stress to get rid of yield gap and productivity constraints. We summed up with reviewing the potential role of these natural regulators in overcoming above mentioned drawbacks to substitute or to integrate these chemicals with the use of plant hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Varshney
- Plant Physiology Section; Department of Botany; Aligarh Muslim University; Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shamshul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section; Department of Botany; Aligarh Muslim University; Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Botany and Microbiology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqil Ahmad
- Plant Physiology Section; Department of Botany; Aligarh Muslim University; Uttar Pradesh, India
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Azizullah A, Richter P, Häder DP. Comparative toxicity of the pesticides carbofuran and malathion to the freshwater flagellate Euglena gracilis. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2011; 20:1442-1454. [PMID: 21562839 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-011-0701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are toxic chemicals used for agricultural as well as non-agricultural purposes. The toxicity of pesticides does not remain limited to the site of application but they also cause toxicity to non-target organisms in terrestrial as well as in aquatic environments. This study discusses the comparative toxicity of a carbamate (carbofuran) and an organophosphorus (malathion) pesticide to the freshwater flagellate Euglena gracilis during short- and long-term exposures. To evaluate the toxicity of the pesticides, different parameters of the flagellate, like cell density, motility, swimming velocity, cell shape, gravitactic orientation, photosynthetic efficiency, and concentration of light harvesting pigments, were used as end points. Carbofuran was found to be more toxic to E. gracilis than malathion and adversely affected almost all the tested parameters in short- and long-term experiments. The only significant adverse effect by malathion could be demonstrated on the swimming velocity of cells in short-term experiments. The adverse effects of the pesticides were more pronounced during short-term than during long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah Azizullah
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology Division, Friedrich-Alexander University, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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25
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Laviale M, Morin S, Créach A. Short term recovery of periphyton photosynthesis after pulse exposition to the photosystem II inhibitors atrazine and isoproturon. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:731-4. [PMID: 21492903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are exposed to fluctuating concentrations of herbicides which contaminate rivers following their use for agricultural or domestic purposes. The development of sensitive bioanalytical tests enabling us not only to detect the effects of those pollutants but to take into account this pattern of exposure should improve the ecological relevance of river toxicity assessment. In this respect, the use of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements is a convenient way to probe the effect of photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors on primary producers. This study was devoted to validate the combined use of two fluorescence parameters, the effective and the optimal quantum yields of PSII photochemistry (Φ(PSII) and F(v)/F(m)), as reliable biomarkers of initial isoproturon (IPU) or atrazine (ATZ) toxicity to natural periphyton in a pulse exposition scenario. Φ(PSII) and F(v)/F(m) were regularly estimated during a 7 h-exposure to each pollutant (0-100 μM) and also later after being transferred in herbicide-free water (up to 36 h). Our results showed that IPU was more toxic than ATZ, but with effects reversible within 12 h. Moreover, these two similarly acting herbicides (i.e. same target site) presented contrasted short term recovery patterns, regarding the previous exposure duration.
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Buonasera K, Lambreva M, Rea G, Touloupakis E, Giardi MT. Technological applications of chlorophyll a fluorescence for the assessment of environmental pollutants. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 401:1139-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Pérez P, Beiras R, Fernández E. Monitoring copper toxicity in natural phytoplankton assemblages: application of Fast Repetition Rate fluorometry. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:1292-1303. [PMID: 20579733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Four experiments were conducted with natural coastal phytoplankton assemblages exposed to [Cu] within the range 5-80 microg L(-1). The effect of Cu on several biological variables such as chlorophyll a concentration, particle size distribution, O2-production and fluorescence variables recorded by a Fast Repetition Rate fluorometer was monitored during 72 h. Variable fluorescence (Fv) was the most sensitive and rapid among all the variables tested. This work contributes to reinforce the use of fluorescence endpoints in ecotoxicological studies by proving their ecological relevance through relationships found between fluorescence and population-level responses as growth rate and gross O2 production. The lowest calculated EC10 was 2.65 microg L(-1), concentration commonly exceeded in polluted waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez
- Laboratorio de Ecoloxía Mariña, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, Estda. Colexio Universitario s/n 36310 Vigo (Galicia), Spain.
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Yin XL, Jiang L, Song NH, Yang H. Toxic reactivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants to herbicide isoproturon. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:4825-4831. [PMID: 18522406 DOI: 10.1021/jf800795v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide isoproturon is widely used for controlling weed/grass in agricultural practice. However, the side effect of isoproturon as contaminants on crops is unknown. In this study, we investigated isoproturon-induced oxidative stress in wheat ( Triticum aestivum). The plants were grown in soils with isoproturon at 0-20 mg/kg and showed negative biological responses. The growth of wheat seedlings with isoproturon was inhibited. Chlorophyll content significantly decreased at the low concentration of isoproturon (2 mg/kg), suggesting that chlorophyll was rather sensitive to isoproturon exposure. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), an indicator of cellular peroxidation, showed an increase, indicating oxidative damage to plants. The isoproturon-induced oxidative stress resulted in a substantial change in activities of the majority of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Activities of the antioxidant enzymes showed a general increase at low isoproturon concentrations and a decrease at high isoproturon concentrations. Activities of CAT in leaves showed progressive suppression under the isoproturon exposure. Analysis of nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) confirmed these results. We also tested the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and observed the activity stimulated by isoproturon at 2-10 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Le Yin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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