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Karádi-Kovács K, Szivák I, Bozóki T, Kovács K, Móra A, Padisák J, Selmeczy GB, Schmera D, Boda P. Long-term recovery dynamics determined by the degree of the disturbance - Ten years tracking of aquatic macroinvertebrate recolonisation after an industrial disaster (Red Sludge Disaster, Hungary). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171071. [PMID: 38378064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A ten-year-long examination of macroinvertebrate community recovery was conducted following a catastrophic spill of highly alkaline red sludge (pH >13) into lowland streams. Our primary objective was to compare recovery patterns after coarse- and fine-grain disturbances, focusing on two aspects: i) trend analysis to reveal long-term changes of six community parameters, and ii) variation analyses to assess parameter changes over time. We conducted statistical analysis on long-term data series of macroinvertebrates obtained from quantitative samples collected at four sections with varying degrees of disturbance along the impacted stream sections. We developed a comprehensive theoretical framework comprising a series of sequential phases: Ramp-up, Overshoot, and Oscillation Phases. i) A trend analysis revealed that disturbances show a gradual recovery pattern, while variance analyses showed an asymptotic convergence to an equilibrium. ii) Evaluating these trends across phases unveiled that the initial recovery phase exhibited a steep trajectory, lasting 4-9 months, irrespective of disturbance severity. Coarse-grain disturbances induced a remarkable Overshoot phenomenon across all community metrics. The more severe the disturbance, the greater the height and duration of the Overshoot. Our results suggest that the presence or absence of Overshoot can serve as an indicator for coarse-grain disturbances in the context of large and infrequent disturbances (LID). The entire recovery process lasts for 2.5-3 years irrespective of the severity of the LID. In conclusion, a minimum survey duration of two and half years is deemed imperative to capture the phases of recovery, and changes associated with LID are not expected to extend beyond the three-year threshold. The theoretical framework, including Overshoot parameters, may assist future studies in comparing recovery patterns of different LID types. Furthermore, our theoretical framework is likely to be applicable to other groups of organisms given a sufficiently long monitoring of recovery, influenced also by the length of reproductive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Karádi-Kovács
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Ildikó Szivák
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bozóki
- HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Bem tér 18/c, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kovács
- Laboratory for Environmental Protection, Government Office of Győr-Moson-Sopron County, Tatai út 3, H-9028 Győr, Hungary
| | - Arnold Móra
- University of Pécs, Department of Hydrobiology, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Padisák
- University of Pannonia, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Géza Balázs Selmeczy
- University of Pannonia, Center for Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary; HUN-REN-PE Limnoecology Research Group, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Dénes Schmera
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary; HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, National Laboratory for Water Science and Security, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Pál Boda
- HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Bem tér 18/c, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary
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2
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Montgomery WI, Elwood RW, Dick JTA. Invader abundance and contraction of niche breadth during replacement of a native gammarid amphipod. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8500. [PMID: 35342587 PMCID: PMC8928895 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of non‐native species to new locations is a growing global phenomenon with major negative effects on native species and biodiversity. Such introductions potentially bring competitors into contact leading to partial or total species replacements. This creates an opportunity to study novel species interactions as they occur, with the potential to address the strength of inter‐ and intraspecific interactions, most notably competition. Such potential has often not been realized, however, due to the difficulties inherent in detecting rapid and spatially expansive species interactions under natural field conditions. The invasive amphipod crustacean Gammarus pulex has replaced a native species, Gammarus duebeni celticus, in river and lake systems across Europe. This replacement process is at least partially driven by differential parasitism, cannibalism, and intraguild predation, but the role of interspecific competition has yet to be resolved. Here, we examine how abundance of an invasive species may affect spatial niche breadth of a native congeneric species. We base our analyses of niche breadth on ordination and factor analysis of biological community and physical parameters, respectively, constituting a summative, multidimensional approach to niche breadth along environmental gradients. Results derived from biological and environmental niche criteria were consistent, although interspecific effects were stronger using the biological niche approach. We show that the niche breadth of the native species is constrained as abundance of the invader increases, but the converse effect does not occur. We conclude that the interaction between invasive G. pulex and native G. d. celticus under natural conditions is consistent with strong interspecific competition whereby a native, weaker competitor is replaced by a superior invasive competitor. This study indicates a strong role of interspecific competition, alongside other known interactions such as differential intraguild predation, in rapid and expansive species replacements following biological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Ian Montgomery
- School of Biological Sciences Institute for Global Food SecurityQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Robert W. Elwood
- School of Biological Sciences Institute for Global Food SecurityQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
| | - Jaimie T. A. Dick
- School of Biological Sciences Institute for Global Food SecurityQueen's University Belfast Belfast UK
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3
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Pilotto F, Haubrock PJ, Sundermann A, Lorenz AW, Haase P. Decline in niche specialization and trait β-diversity in benthic invertebrate communities of Central European low-mountain streams over 25 years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:151770. [PMID: 34801496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotic homogenization is one of the key aspects of the current biodiversity crisis. Here we analyzed the trends of three facets of niche homogenization, i.e. niche specialization, trait α-diversity and spatial β-diversity, over a period of 25 years (1990-2014) using a large dataset of 3782 stream benthic invertebrate samples collected from central European low-mountain streams. We studied a set of traits describing the ecological niche of species and their functions: body size, feeding groups, substrate preferences, flow preferences, stream zonation preferences and saprobity. Trait composition changed significantly during the study period, and we identified an overall increase in niche homogenization. Specifically, community niche specialization significantly decreased by 20.3% over the 25-year period, with declines ranging from -16.0 to -40.9% for zonation-, flow-, substrate-preferences, body size and feeding traits. Trait diversity did not change significantly, although we recorded significant decreases by -14.2% and -10.2% for flow- and substrate-preference and increases by 5.8% and 22.6% for feeding traits and zonation preference over the study period. Trait spatial β-diversity significantly decreased by -53.0%, with substrate-preference, feeding groups and flow-preference traits declining from -61.9% to -75.3% over the study period. This increased niche homogenization is likely driven by the increase of down-stream typical taxa, which are favored by warming temperatures. Further, it is in apparent contradiction with the recorded increase in abundance (+35.9%) and taxonomic richness (+39.2%) over the same period. Even such increases do not safeguard communities from undergoing niche homogenization, indicating that recovery processes may differ with regard to community taxonomic composition and traits. Our results emphasize the complexity of community responses to global change and warrant caution when founding conclusions based solely on single community metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pilotto
- Environmental Archaeology Lab, Department of Historical, Philosophical and Religious Studies, Umeå University, Biblioteksgränd 3, 907 36 Umeå, Sweden; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Sundermann
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Faculty of Biology, Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Department Aquatic Ecology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Li J, Chen Y, Peng H, He L. A system-scale environmental risk analysis with considering a conceptual conversion from material/energy flow to information flow under uncertainties. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113775. [PMID: 34555769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A conceptual conversion from material/energy flow to information flow is presented in this study for evaluating network environment analysis (NEA) within the naphthalene-contaminated groundwater ecosystems under stochastic-fuzzy uncertainties. Four components (i.e., vegetation, herbivore, soil microorganism, and carnivore) are considered into the NEA framework for quantifying their direct and integral ecological risks. Carcinogenic risk related to human health concern is also evaluated under four remediation periods. The developed method is then applied to a power plant site. Results reveal that the average naphthalene concentration after pump-and-treat treatment would significantly decrease from 8.672 to 1.232 μg/L when remediation period extends to 10 years. The probabilities of suffering from carcinogenic risk would reach 0.9862, 0.9566, 0.8746, and 0.6142 under different remediation periods. Soil microorganism would receive more input risk than vegetation owing to its higher vulnerability. Although the upper-layer components (such as herbivore and carnivore) are not exposed to risk sources, they would gradually accumulate to a high-level ecological risk through food chains. Sensitivity analysis shows that variations in standard boundaries would have a significant impact on the risks of all components within groundwater ecosystems. This study can offer a novel perspective and methodology for comprehensively assessing the system-scale environment risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yizhong Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - He Peng
- School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Li He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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5
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Beghelli FGS, Cetra M, Marchese M, López-Dovál JC, Rosa AH, Pompêo MLM, Moschini-Carlos V. Taxonomic and non-taxonomic responses of benthic macroinvertebrates to metal toxicity in tropical reservoirs. The case of Cantareira Complex, São Paulo, Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20180962. [PMID: 32321032 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benthic macroinvertebrates are organisms that are recognized as water quality bio-indicators. A wide variety of indices and metrics have been shown to respond to a variety of anthropogenic impacts, usually under a general condition of environmental impairment. The absence of a clear distinction in the relations between specific pollutants and biotic variables is very common and can lead to biased interpretation of biomonitoring. The aims of this research were to test taxonomic and non-taxonomic responses to specific environmental conditions instead to general conditions. For this purpose, we estimated the theoretical toxicity by comparing toxicity values published by EPA with metal concentrations in water and sediments. Then we tested the responses of biological variables to toxicity and other environmental conditions using the linear mixed effects models approach. We generated 32 models considering 24 different biological metrics and indices that were grouped in five levels. Taxonomic and abundance metrics were best predictor than functional or tolerance-based indexes. The strongest model was that which considered subfamily taxonomic resolution responding to Al_w and Cr_s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico G S Beghelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba/ICT, UNESP, Avenida Três de Março, 51, Aparecidinha, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Graduação em Gestão Ambiental, Faculdade de Tecnologia do Estado de São Paulo/FATEC, Rua Dr. João Vieira de Camargo, 104, 18205-600 Itapetininga, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Cetra
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos/UFSCar, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, SP 264, Km 110, Itinga,18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mercedes Marchese
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología/INALI, Ciudad Universitaria, Paraje El Pozo, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Júlio César López-Dovál
- Catalan Institute for Water Research/ICRA, Carrer Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.,Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo/USP, Rua do Matão, 321, Butantã, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André H Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba/ICT, UNESP, Avenida Três de Março, 51, Aparecidinha, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L M Pompêo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba/ICT, UNESP, Avenida Três de Março, 51, Aparecidinha, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo/USP, Rua do Matão, 321, Butantã, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Moschini-Carlos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba/ICT, UNESP, Avenida Três de Março, 51, Aparecidinha, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
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6
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English MD, Robertson GJ, O’Driscoll NJ, Klapstein SJ, Peck LE, Mallory ML. Variation in isotopic niche, digestive tract morphology, and mercury concentrations in two sympatric waterfowl species wintering in Atlantic Canada. Facets (Ott) 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2019-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sympatric communities of organisms may exploit different ecological niches to avoid intra- and interspecific competition. We examined the isotopic niches of American black ducks ( Anas rubripes) and mallards ( A. platyrhynchos) wintering in coastal and urban areas of Atlantic Canada and compared isotopic niche with digestive tract morphologies and blood mercury (Hg) concentrations. Isotopic niche width (for δ13C and δ15N) varied between the three groups of ducks studied, with coastally foraging black ducks exhibiting the widest isotopic niche, followed by coastal mallards, while urban feeding black ducks had a narrow isotopic niche. These niche differences had physical and chemical consequences: coastal black ducks had longer digestive tracts, a larger range in gizzard sizes, and higher and more variable Hg concentrations than urban black ducks and coastal mallards. This plasticity in ecological niche may reduce competition among and within species, and subsequently explain why winter numbers of black ducks and mallards have increased in Atlantic Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory J. Robertson
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3, Canada
| | - Nelson J. O’Driscoll
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Sara J. Klapstein
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Liam E. Peck
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Mark L. Mallory
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
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7
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Distribution and ecological preferences of the species of the family Athericidae in three hydrobiological ecoregions of Central Europe. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Liu X, Chen Q, Ali N, Zhang J, Wang M, Wang Z. Single and joint oxidative stress-related toxicity of sediment-associated cadmium and lead on Bellamya aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:24695-24706. [PMID: 31240645 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biotoxicity of heavy metals in sediments toward benthic organisms has evoked great concern for the health of freshwater ecosystems. This study applied a sediment toxicity testing protocol to investigate the single and joint toxicity of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on Bellamya aeruginosa. B. aeruginosa were exposed to different concentrations of Cd (5, 25, and 100 mg/kg), Pb (20, 100, and 400 mg/kg), and their different concentration combinations. A suite of biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), metallothionein (MT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), were measured after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of exposure to evaluate their oxidative stress status. Cell apoptosis of soft tissue was also determined after exposure. Results revealed that these endpoints represented sensitive biomarkers for the characterization of the oxidative stress response induced by these metals. Specifically, a decrease of SOD and GPx and an increase of MDA were indicative of the potential failure of the antioxidant defense system in neutralizing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the exposure of the Pb-treated group. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) index revealed the most significant sub-lethal toxicity for Pb-spiked sediments, leading to the highest rate of cell apoptosis (70.8%). Exposure to Cd resulted in a time- and dose-dependent effect on MT levels, which suggested active detoxification of this metal. Exposure to the mixture resulted in amelioration of Pb toxicity, likely due to the competitive binding of Cd to active enzyme, with the result of an observed antagonistic interaction. This study indicated that B. aeruginosa represents a good biomonitor for assessing Cd and Pb contamination of sediments, and laid the foundation for their potential risk assessments in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Nasir Ali
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
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9
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Priority Pollutants in Water and Sediments of a River for Control Basing on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11061267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the drivers of macroinvertebrate community structure is fundamental for adequately controlling pollutants and managing ecosystems under global change. In this study, the abundance and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates, as well as their chemical parameters, were investigated quarterly from August 2014 to April 2015 in four reaches of the Huai River basin (HRB). The self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were simultaneously applied to identify the main factors structuring the benthic community. The results showed that the benthic community structure was always dominated by gastropoda and insecta over seasons and presented obvious spatial and temporal heterogeneity along different pollution levels. The insects were always the top contributors to number density of the benthic community, except for the summer, and the biomass was mainly characterized by mollusca in all seasons. Statistical analysis indicated that TN and NH3-N in water, as well as Hg, As, Cd, and Zn in sediments, were the dominant factors structuring the community, which determined the importance of sediment heavy metal concentrations in explaining the benthic community composition in comparison with other factors. These major factors should be given priority in the process of river pollutant control, which might be rated as a promising way to scientifically improve river health management and ecological restoration.
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10
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Sun Z, Sokolova E, Brittain JE, Saltveit SJ, Rauch S, Meland S. Impact of environmental factors on aquatic biodiversity in roadside stormwater ponds. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5994. [PMID: 30979933 PMCID: PMC6461623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Constructed stormwater ponds mitigate runoff volumes and pollution, and provide other ecosystem services, such as supporting biodiversity, but these services attracted relatively less attention. The impacts of the pollution levels in the water column and sediments, the physical characteristics of ponds, and the presence of amphibians on the macroinvertebrate community composition and biodiversity were explored in twelve stormwater ponds in Norway. Also, the similarities between macroinvertebrate, zooplankton and plant communities were explored. Most of the taxa displayed in the ordination diagram were positively correlated with the pond size and the number of neighbouring ponds, and negatively correlated with the pollution levels in the water column and sediments. However, no statistically significant impacts on the number of taxa and Shannon index were observed. There were low similarities between the macroinvertebrate and zooplankton community compositions as well as between the plant and macroinvertebrate community compositions in the stormwater ponds. We observed a significant positive correlation between the number of plant and of zooplankton taxa, and a weak non-significant positive correlation between the number of plant and of macroinvertebrate taxa. Overall, the explanatory variables had a significant impact on the community composition, but not on the number of taxa nor Shannon index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Sun
- Chalmers University of Technology, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Water Environment Technology, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ekaterina Sokolova
- Chalmers University of Technology, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Water Environment Technology, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - John E Brittain
- University of Oslo: Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO 1172, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svein Jakob Saltveit
- University of Oslo: Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO 1172, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sebastien Rauch
- Chalmers University of Technology, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Water Environment Technology, 412 58, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sondre Meland
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, PO 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.,Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Becker JM, Liess M. Species Diversity Hinders Adaptation to Toxicants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:10195-10202. [PMID: 28753286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxicants such as pesticides exert strong selection pressure on many species. While the resulting development of pesticide resistance in agricultural pest species is well-known, reports on the extent of adaptation in exposed nontarget species are contradictory. These contradictory reports highlight a continuing challenge in understanding the relevant ecological mechanisms that facilitate or hinder adaptation to toxicants in the field. Here we show that species diversity hinders the adaptation to toxicants. In agricultural streams with low diversity, we observed an up to 8-fold increase in insecticide tolerance in a total of 17 macroinvertebrate species that was not observed in more diverse communities under similar contamination. High species diversity occurred independently from adjacent nonpolluted refuge areas. Therefore, the low level of adaptation in diverse streams cannot be explained by an increased recolonization of sensitive individuals from refuge areas. Instead, high intraspecific competition may facilitate the selection for increased tolerance in low-diverse communities. In diverse communities, by contrast, species interactions may reduce intraspecific competition and, thus, the potential for developing toxicant resistance. We suggest that this mechanism may be the general case in adaptation to environmental stressors. Additionally, we conclude that the current framework for risk assessment of pesticides is not protective against selection for tolerant organisms and the associated risk of genetic erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias Martin Becker
- Department System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Department System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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12
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Moretti M, Dias ATC, Bello F, Altermatt F, Chown SL, Azcárate FM, Bell JR, Fournier B, Hedde M, Hortal J, Ibanez S, Öckinger E, Sousa JP, Ellers J, Berg MP. Handbook of protocols for standardized measurement of terrestrial invertebrate functional traits. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Zürcherstrasse 111 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - André T. C. Dias
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) Maracanã Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Francesco Bello
- Institute of Botany Czech Academy of Sciences Dukelska 135 379 82 Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences University of South Bohemia Na Zlate Stoce 1 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Steven L. Chown
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria3800 Australia
| | - Francisco M. Azcárate
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG) Department of Ecology Universidad Autónoma de Madrid C/Darwin 2 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - James R. Bell
- Rothamsted Research West Common Harpenden HertfordshireAL5 2JQ UK
| | - Bertrand Fournier
- Laboratoire Chrono‐Environnement UMR 6249 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté 16 route de Gray 25030 Besançon Cedex France
| | - Mickaël Hedde
- INRA AgroParisTech Université Paris‐Saclay UMR 1402 Ecosys Route de Saint‐Cyr RD 10 78026 Versailles Cedex France
| | - Joaquín Hortal
- Departamento de Biogeografía y Cambio Global Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN‐CSIC) C/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (Ce3C) Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL) Ed. C2, Campo Grande 1749‐06 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Sébastien Ibanez
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine CNRS UMR 5553 Université Savoie Mont Blanc 73376 Le Bourget‐du‐Lac France
| | - Erik Öckinger
- Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 7044 750 07 Uppsala Sweden
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life Sciences University of Coimbra 3000‐456 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Jacintha Ellers
- Department of Ecological Science Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1085 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Matty P. Berg
- Department of Ecological Science Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1085 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Conservation Ecology Group Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Postbox 11103 9700 CC Groningen The Netherlands
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13
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Abstract
The genetic recovery of resistant populations released from pesticide exposure is
accelerated by the presence of environmental stressors. By contrast, the
relevance of environmental stressors for the spread of resistance during
pesticide exposure has not been studied. Moreover, the consequences of
interactions between different stressors have not been considered. Here we show
that stress through intraspecific competition accelerates microevolution,
because it enhances fitness differences between adapted and non-adapted
individuals. By contrast, stress through interspecific competition or predation
reduces intraspecific competition and thereby delays microevolution. This was
demonstrated in mosquito populations (Culex quinquefasciatus)
that were exposed to the pesticide chlorpyrifos. Non-selective predation through
harvesting and interspecific competition with Daphnia magna
delayed the selection for individuals carrying the
ace-1R resistance allele. Under non-toxic
conditions, susceptible individuals without ace-1R
prevailed. Likewise, predation delayed the reverse adaptation of the populations
to a non-toxic environment, while the effect of interspecific competition was
not significant. Applying a simulation model, we further identified how
microevolution is generally determined by the type and degree of competition and
predation. We infer that interactions with other species—especially
strong in ecosystems with high biodiversity—can delay the development of
pesticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias Martin Becker
- Department System Ecotoxicology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH-Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Department System Ecotoxicology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Department of Ecosystem Analysis, RWTH-Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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14
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Devin S, Giamberini L, Pain-Devin S. Variation in variance means more than mean variations: what does variability tell us about population health status? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 73:282-287. [PMID: 25173944 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In environmental science, the variability of biological responses in natural or laboratory populations is a well known and documented phenomenon. However, while an extensive literature aims to explain and understand the origin of variability, few try to use it as a demonstration of the population's response facing a stress. We propose here a theoretical framework that explores various patterns of variability both within and among populations, and seeks methods useful in bioevaluation methodologies. We also introduce the concept of "ecotoxicological niche" to characterize the ability of a population to endure contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Devin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7360, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) - Metz, France.
| | - Laure Giamberini
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7360, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) - Metz, France
| | - Sandrine Pain-Devin
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR 7360, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC) - Metz, France
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