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Gu Y, Li C, Jiang Q, Hua R, Wu X, Xue J. Efficient and practical in-jar silicone rubber based passive sampling for simultaneous monitoring of emerging fungicides in water and soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173539. [PMID: 38806130 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and ecological impacts of emerging fungicides in the environment has gained increasing attention. This study applied an in-jar passive sampling device based on silicone rubber (SR) film to measuring the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) of 6 current-use fungicides as a critical index of bioavailability in water and soils. The kinetics parameters including SR-water, soil-water, and organic carbon-water partition coefficients and sampling rates of the target fungicides were first attained and characterized well with their physicochemical properties. The in situ and ex situ field deployment in Hefei City provided the assessment of contaminated levels for these fungicides in rivers and soils. The Cfree of triadimefon and azoxystrobin was estimated at 0.54 ± 0.07-17.4 ± 2.5 ng L-1 in Nanfei River and Chao Lake, while triadimefon was only found in Dongpu Reservoir water with Cfree below 0.66 ± 0.04 ng L-1. The results exhibited that the equilibrium duration of 7 d was suitable for water application but a longer interval of 14 d was recommended for soil sampling. This work demonstrated the advantages of the proposed strategy in terms of fast monitoring within 2 weeks and high sensitivity down to detection limits in 0.5-5 ng L-1. The in-jar passive sampling device can be extrapolated to the evaluation for a wide coverage of organic pollutants in water and soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Ciyun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Qingqing Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Chitosan-Based Polymer Nanocomposites for Environmental Remediation of Mercury Pollution. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030482. [PMID: 36771779 PMCID: PMC9921766 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mercury is a well-known heavy metal pollutant of global importance, typically found in effluents (lakes, oceans, and sewage) and released into the atmosphere. It is highly toxic to humans, animals and plants. Therefore, the current challenge is to develop efficient materials and techniques that can be used to remediate mercury pollution in water and the atmosphere, even in low concentrations. The paper aims to review the chitosan-based polymer nanocomposite materials that have been used for the environmental remediation of mercury pollution since they possess multifunctional properties, beneficial for the adsorption of various kinds of pollutants from wastewater and the atmosphere. In addition, these chitosan-based polymer nanocomposites are made of non-toxic materials that are environmentally friendly, highly porous, biocompatible, biodegradable, and recyclable; they have a high number of surface active sites, are earth-abundant, have minimal surface defects, and are metal-free. Advances in the modification of the chitosan, mainly with nanomaterials such as multi-walled carbon nanotube and nanoparticles (Ag, TiO2, S, and ZnO), and its use for mercury uptake by batch adsorption and passive sampler methods are discussed.
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Li W, Gu Y, Liu Z, Hua R, Wu X, Xue J. Development of a polyurethane-coated thin film solid phase microextraction device for multi-residue monitoring of pesticides in fruit and tea beverages. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200661. [PMID: 36373185 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel solid-phase microextraction device coated with an efficient and cheap thin film of polyurethane was developed for trace determination of 13 widely used pesticides in fruit and tea beverages. A round-shaped polyurethane film covering the bottom of a glass vial was fabricated as the sorbent to exhibit a superior capacity for preconcentrating target compounds and reducing matrix interferences. After optimization of the key parameters including the film type, extraction time, solution pH, ionic strength, desorption solvent, and conditions, this device allowed an efficient adsorption-desorption cycle for the pesticides accomplished in one vial. Coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection, the polyurethane-coated thin film microextraction method was successfully established and applied for the analysis of real fruit and tea drinks, showing low limits of detection (0.001-0.015 μg/L), wide linear ranges (1.0-500.0 μg/L, r2 > 0.9931), good relative recoveries (77.2%-106.3%) and negligible matrix effects (86.1%-107.5%) for the target pesticides. The proposed approach revealed strong potential of extending its application by flexibly modifying the type or size of the coating film. This study provides insights into the enrichment of contaminants from complex samples using inexpensive and reusable microextraction devices that can limit the environmental and health impact of the sample preparation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ying Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
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Chen C, Luo J, Bu C, Zhang W, Ma L. Efficacy of a large-scale integrated constructed wetland for pesticide removal in tail water from a sewage treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156568. [PMID: 35688240 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The higher and higher detection frequencies of micro-pollutants such as pesticides in water are nowadays intensifying the investigation for strategies to provide effective engineering methods that could mitigate such substances. Traditional sewage treatment plants (STP) do not design specific processes for micro-pollutants removal in water. As an environmentally-friendly measure, some laboratory-scale wetlands have been proved to be effective in the removal of pesticides in water, but such studies are rarely carried out in large-scale wetlands, especially when they are adopted as a polishing step of STPs. Therefore, the further removals of micro-pollutants in tail water of STPs through the large-scale wetlands and the relevant removal mechanism are still knowledge gaps. In this study, 44 target pesticides were detected in the water of a large-scale integrated constructed wetland (ICW) for four seasons. The ICW was established to further process the tail water from a STP, whose drainage was from domestic sewage of local residents. There were 19, 16, 17, and 19 pesticides detected in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The removal values for Σ19 pesticides ranged from 49.99% to 84.96% during the study period, and the removal of these pesticides followed significant seasonal trends, which was likely because the microorganisms responsible for biotic degradation were markedly influenced by seasonal temperature fluctuations. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, and might be associated with the biodegradation of organic pollutants in the ICW. Removal of pesticides by the ICW resulted in overall toxicity reductions in water, but butachlor and chlorpyrifos were still at non-ignorable ecological risks. This study highlights the potential of constructed wetlands for micro-pollutants removal in water as a polishing step in STPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jiahong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Limin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Liu Z, Li W, Zhu X, Hua R, Wu X, Xue J. Combination of polyurethane and polymethyl methacrylate thin films as a microextraction sorbent for rapid adsorption and sensitive determination of neonicotinoid insecticides in fruit juice and tea by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462646. [PMID: 34735961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An economical and effective thin film microextraction (TFME) for simultaneous analysis of ten neonicotinoid insecticides and metabolites in fruit juice and tea, was developed based on the combination of polyurethane (PU) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films as the sorbent followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The PU/PMMA composite was evidenced to possess rapid adsorption and strong accumulation towards neonicotinoids compared with the films used alone. A series of parameters were optimized, and the agitation mode, film size, ionic strength, desorption solvent and sample pH were found to dominate the microextraction process rather than the extraction temperature, agitation time and sample volume. The thin films are cost effective and efficient for single use analysis, but still can be reused at least 8 times with no significant loss in performance. The ten neonicotinoids were measured with good recoveries (81.1-107.9%), high enrichment factors (up to 135), low limits of detection (0.001-0.1 µg L-1), and wide linearity range (1-500 µg L-1, r2>0.9981) in fruit juice (apple, lemon, and pomegranate) and tea (green tea and black tea) samples. The proposed method was successfully applied to commercial fruit and tea drinks, and no samples were tested positive on target neonicotinoids. The PU/PMMA based TFME has shown great potential as an alternative to exhaustive extraction techniques for routine screening of trace neonicotinoids in fruit juice and tea by simplifying the analytical procedure, shortening the operation time, and lowering the material expense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Xianbin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China.
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6
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Qiu XW, Pei J, Wu CC, Song L, Bao LJ, Zeng EY. Determination of low-density polyethylene-water partition coefficients for novel halogenated flame retardants with the large volume model and co-solvent model. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130235. [PMID: 33794435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The partition coefficient (Kpew) of an analyte between low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film and water is a critical parameter for measuring freely dissolved concentrations of the analyte with PE passive sampling devices. Measuring log Kpew for super hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) have been proven extremely difficult. The present study developed a large volume model for measuring log Kpew of super HOCs, i.e., novel halogenated flame retardants (NHFRs). Results showed that the measured log Kpew values of selected PAHs and PCBs obtained by the large volume model were in line with those from the co-solvent model and the literature data within less 0.3 log units of difference, while those of NHFRs (6.27-7.34) except for hexachlorocyclopentadienyldibromocyclooctane (HCDBCO) and Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were significantly lower than those (6.51-8.89) from the co-solvent model. A curvilinear relationship was observed between log Kpew and log Kow of all target compounds, with the turning point at log Kow = ∼8.0 in the large volume model, but that was not found for the co-solvent model. These can be attributed to the large molecular volumes (> 450 Å3) for NHFRs, which require high Gibbs free energy to penetrate into the inside structures of LDPE in the large volume model. However, the solvent swelling effects in the co-solvent model needs to be investigated. Therefore, the large volume model is robust to determine the Kpew values of super HOCs for facilitating the application of aquatic passive sampling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Wen Qiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jie Pei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Chen-Chou Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lin Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lian-Jun Bao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
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Sahar S, Xue J, Rashid A, Mei Q, Hua R. In situ monitoring of chlorothalonil and lambda-cyhalothrin by polyethylene passive samplers under fields and greenhouse conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25939-25948. [PMID: 33483925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sampling is a critical step in pesticide atmospheric analysis. Passive sampling offers advantages of inexpensive and convenient air monitoring. Polyethylene films (PE) were used as a passive sampler at multiple heights in greenhouse and agricultural field for 15 days to trap atmospheric chlorothalonil and lambda-cyhalothrin in the months of May and July. Among the two PE film thicknesses (20 and 80 μm), 20 μm PE was the most effective at absorbing target pesticides from air and attains equilibrium stage earlier than 80 μm PE film. After approximately 240 h of PE exposure in greenhouse and fields, chlorothalonil and lambda-cyhalothrin reached an equilibrium stage of partitioning between air and PE. Atmospheric concentrations of chlorothalonil (p < 0.01) and lambda-cyhalothrin (p < 0.001) at 1.5 m height were higher with the concentrations of 1855.59 ± 243.85 ng/m3 and 3682.11 ± 316.71 ng/m3, respectively, in the month of May as compared to the other three respective heights. The concentrations of chlorothalonil in air at 2 m height (1587.27 ± 284.19 ng/m3) were slightly higher than 0.5 m (1392.28 ± 205.09 ng/m3). Atmospheric concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin at 2 m (3178.26 ± 299.29 ng/m3) were significantly lower than the other heights (p < 0.05). The greenhouse air concentrations of chlorothalonil and lambda-cyhalothrin in the months of May (1855.59 ± 243.85 and 3682.11 ± 316.71 ng/m3, respectively) and July (1749.33 ± 378.61 and 3445.08 ± 390.32 ng/m3, respectively) were higher than fields. The results indicate the usability of PE films to monitor chlorothalonil and lambda-cyhalothrin and potential other semi-volatile pesticides in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumia Sahar
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Audil Rashid
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Quyang Mei
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Cryder Z, Wolf D, Carlan C, Gan J. Removal of urban-use insecticides in a large-scale constructed wetland. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115586. [PMID: 33038631 PMCID: PMC7746585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water treatment and reuse initiatives are essential to combat declining water supplies in a changing climate, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Pollution of water resources intensifies the search for strategies to provide water for potable and non-potable reuse that mitigates detrimental ecological and human health effects. Fipronil and synthetic pyrethroids are common urban-use insecticides that exert aquatic toxicity at trace levels and have been often found in urban surface streams. In this study, samples were collected from the 182 ha Prado Wetlands in Southern California for seven months to assess the occurrence of fipronil and its degradation products as well as pyrethroids (bifenthrin and cyfluthrin) in water, sediment, and plants in a 4.45 ha vegetated surface flow constructed wetland (CW). Concentration-based removal values and changes in mass flux were calculated to determine the efficacy of CW treatment. Observed water concentrations were further used to calculate toxic units for the invertebrates Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus. Pesticide concentrations in water, sediment, and plant samples consistently decreased during passage through the CW at all time points. Removal values for fipronil desulfinyl, fipronil sulfide, fipronil, fipronil sulfone, bifenthrin, and cyfluthrin were 100%, 99.7-100%, 57.8-88.1%, 75.6-100%, 74.7-100%, and 36.6-82.2%, respectively, and there was a general net deposition of pesticides into CW compartments. Toxic unit values decreased in every instance for both aquatic invertebrates. Settling of contaminated particles, adsorption to sediment, plant uptake or adsorption, and subsequent degradation contributed to the effective removal of these urban-use insecticides, which highlights the potential of CWs for protecting urban water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Cryder
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Douglas Wolf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Craig Carlan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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Lao W. Fiproles as a proxy for ecological risk assessment of mixture of fipronil and its degradates in effluent-dominated surface waters. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 188:116510. [PMID: 33068908 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental risk assessment of complex chemical mixtures has increasingly been prioritized as a management goal, especially in the regulatory sector. Although fipronil and its three degradates (-sulfone, -sulfide and -desulfinyl) have been frequently quantified in waterways, little information is available about the likelihood and magnitude of ecological risk posed by these chemical mixtures - collectively known as fiproles - in surface water. In the present study, a probabilistic risk assessment of mixtures of fipronil and its three degradates was conducted for three effluent-dominated southern California rivers: Los Angeles River (LAR), San Gabriel River (SGR) and Santa Clara River (SCR), California, USA. The assessments, which used fiproles as an integrated proxy, were based on three levels of toxicity endpoints: median lethal concentration (LC50), half-maximal effective concentration (EC50), and lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC), to gain comprehensive assessment information. Probabilistic approaches based on species sensitivity distribution (SSD) and exposure concentration distribution (ECD) were developed with the log-logistic model by pooling the toxicity and occurrence data, respectively. The 5th percentile hazardous concentrations (HC5s) were calculated to be at low parts per billion levels, enabling these values to be used to estimate the chemical-specific benchmarks for components that lack ecotoxicity data. The single substance potentially affected fraction (ssPAF) of fiproles revealed risk levels for the three rivers in descending order: LAR ≥ SGR > SCR. The overall risk probability estimated from the joint probability curve (JPC) by Monte Carlo simulation was 1.13 ± 0.20% (LC50), 9.31 ± 1.46% (EC50), and 6.58 ± 1.43% (LOEC) for the three rivers collectively. These results derived from the fiproles indicates that fipronil and its degradates pose risks to the aquatic organisms in the surface water of the three rivers. The present study provides a methodology for the use of a proxy in the risk assessment of chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Lao
- Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, Costa Mesa, CA, USA, 92626.
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10
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Shan J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Ren T, Jin M, Wang X. Microextraction based on microplastic followed by SERS for on-site detection of hydrophobic organic contaminants, an indicator of seawater pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123202. [PMID: 32580096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been proven to concentrate hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) from seawater as the sorbent phase, and the concentration of HOCs in aqueous solutions could be estimated from MPs preloaded with HOCs by equilibrium partition coefficient. This study firstly proposed to in situ quantify fluoranthene (a representative HOCs) pre-concentrated on MPs using surface enhance raman scattering (SERS) in combination with mathematical models, as an efficient monitoring tool for fluoranthene pollution in the aquatic environment. AgNPs-coated quartz (AgNPs@SiO2) substrate was fabricated. The SERS substrate was tested using fluoranthene standard solution with the minimal detectable concentration of 1 ng/mL achieved. Applying SERS for the detection of fluoranthene sorbed on MPs, the detection limit of fluoranthene on MPs was 3.3 ng/g, where the concentration in the corresponding equilibrium seawater was 0.97 ng/mL. Since more than one fluoranthene peak was observed, the quantitative detection was investigated by interval partial least square model. Eight characteristic peak ranges were selected to develop the model for predicting fluoranthene concentration, with R2c and R2v of 0.90 and 0.82, respectively. The study provides a promising solution to monitor trace level of contaminations in aquatic environment, using MPs as the passive sampler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Shan
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yituo Zhang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Tao Ren
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Mengke Jin
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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11
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Chow R, Scheidegger R, Doppler T, Dietzel A, Fenicia F, Stamm C. A review of long-term pesticide monitoring studies to assess surface water quality trends. WATER RESEARCH X 2020; 9:100064. [PMID: 32995734 PMCID: PMC7501075 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2020.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic pesticide pollution from both agricultural and urban pest control is a concern in many parts of the world. Making an accurate assessment of pesticide exposure is the starting point to protecting aquatic ecosystems. This in turn requires the design of an effective monitoring program. Monitoring is also essential to evaluate the efficacy of mitigation measures aimed to curb pesticide pollution. However, empirical evidence for their efficacy can be confounded by additional influencing factors, most prominently variable weather conditions. This review summarizes the experiences gained from long-term (>5 years) pesticide monitoring studies for detecting trends and provides recommendations for their improvement. We reviewed articles published in the scientific literature, with a few complements from selected grey literature, for a total of 20 studies which fulfill our search criteria. Overall, temporal trends of pesticide use and hydrological conditions were the two most common factors influencing aquatic pesticide pollution. Eighteen studies demonstrated observable effects to surface water concentrations from changes in pesticide application rates (e.g., use restriction) and sixteen studies from interannual variability in hydrological conditions during the application period. Accounting for seasonal- and streamflow-related variability in trend analysis is important because the two factors can obscure trends caused by changes in pesticide use or management practices. Other mitigation measures (e.g., buffer strips) were only detectable in four studies where concentrations or loads were reduced by > 45%. Collecting additional agricultural (e.g., pesticide use, mitigation measures) and environmental (e.g., precipitation, stream flow) data, as well as establishing a baseline before the implementation of mitigation measures have been consistently reported as prerequisites to interpret water quality trends from long-term monitoring studies, but have rarely been implemented in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chow
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - R Scheidegger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - T Doppler
- VSA, Swiss Water Association, 8152 Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - A Dietzel
- VSA, Swiss Water Association, 8152 Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - F Fenicia
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - C Stamm
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (eawag), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Xue J, Zhu X, Liu Z, Hua R, Wu X. Using silicone rubber and polyvinylchloride as equilibrium passive samplers for rapid and sensitive monitoring of pyrethroid insecticides in aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138797. [PMID: 32339841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Passive sampling to regularly identify the occurrence of pyrethroid insecticides in urban streams is a crucial work of risk management with respect to intrinsic toxicity of pyrethroids to aquatic organisms. Polymeric films, based on an equilibrium sampling principle, have found increasing use as passive samplers for hydrophobic contaminants. Herein, we investigated two thin-film samplers, namely silicone rubber (SR) and polyvinylchloride (PVC), compatible with a suite of 8 pyrethroids, for measuring freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) in water. The characteristics of SR and PVC samplers were estimated in terms of equilibrium partitioning coefficients (Kf) with log units of 3.90-4.67 and sampling rates (Rs) of 0.011-0.016 L/h. The parameters were correlated positively with octanol-water partition coefficients of the compounds, whereas independent on water solubility. A strong agreement between Cfree obtained from the two samplers was observed in a range of 0.1-10 μg/L for pyrethroids under laboratory simulated conditions. Both of SR and PVC were confirmed as equilibrium samplers with faster sampling rates of pyrethroids that equilibrated on films within only one week, and higher accumulation at factors of 5.3-12.5 and 1.5-2.4 compared to a performance reference compound (PRC)-preload sampler. Additionally, the comparable results of the two passive sampling methods in multiple field applications indicated that the direct deployment of the two samplers without PRCs calibration can provide reliable assessment of trace concentrations. This study demonstrated the routine utilization of SR and PVC as promising tools for rapid and sensitive in-situ monitoring of pyrethroids, and indicators for the bioavailability against total chemical concentrations in variable aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| | - Xianbin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
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Zhou J, Huang J, Xia Y, Ou H, Li Z. Two-in-one ultraviolet persistent luminescent catalyst suitable for high concentration photodegradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134342. [PMID: 31678885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photodegradation is limited at high catalyst concentrations because of the scattering and reflection of the particulate catalysts. To further improve the efficiency of photodegradation and the use of space in photoreactors at high catalyst concentrations, Ga3+ was doped into Zn2SiO4 to introduce positively charged traps to capture photo-generated electrons and, thus, achieve long lifetime charge separation. In this strategy, Zn2SiO4:Ga3+ was obtained as a two-in-one (persistent luminescence and catalysis) persistent photocatalyst for the efficient photodegradation of a household insecticide, permethrin. Zn2SiO4:Ga3+ possesses an UV afterglow property. Zn2SiO4:Ga3+ can store UV irradiation energy as long lifetime separated electron/hole pairs at the solution surface and then deliver this energy deep into the bulk of the solution, thus taking full advantage of the photoreactor. High catalyst concentrations are preferred for improving the persistent photodegradation efficiency. The UV persistent photocatalytic strategy and the persistent Zn2SiO4:Ga3+ catalyst are significant for designing fast photocatalytic reactors with high catalyst concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Byproducts from Ethylene Project, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Huase Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Taylor AC, Fones GR, Vrana B, Mills GA. Applications for Passive Sampling of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Water—A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 51:20-54. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1675043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam C. Taylor
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Gary R. Fones
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Graham A. Mills
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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15
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A polyurethane-based thin film for solid phase microextraction of pyrethroid insecticides. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:596. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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Lu Z, Gan J, Cui X, Delgado-Moreno L, Lin K. Understanding the bioavailability of pyrethroids in the aquatic environment using chemical approaches. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:194-207. [PMID: 31129496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of commonly used insecticides and are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment in various regions. Aquatic toxicity of pyrethroids was often overestimated when using conventional bulk chemical concentrations because of their strong hydrophobicity. Over the last two decades, bioavailability has been recognized and applied to refine the assessment of ecotoxicological effects of pyrethroids. This review focuses on recent advances in the bioavailability of pyrethroids, specifically in the aquatic environment. We summarize the development of passive sampling and Tenax extraction methods for assessing the bioavailability of pyrethroids. Factors affecting the bioavailability of pyrethroids, including physicochemical properties of pyrethroids, and quality and quantity of organic matter, were overviewed. Various applications of bioavailability on the assessment of bioaccumulation and acute toxicity of pyrethroids were also discussed. The final section of this review highlights future directions of research, including development of standardized protocols for measurement of bioavailability, establishment of bioavailability-based toxicity benchmarks and water/sediment quality criteria, and incorporation of bioavailability into future risk assessment and management actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Lu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Xinyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Laura Delgado-Moreno
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Kunde Lin
- The Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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17
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Ruan Y, Zhang K, Wu C, Wu R, Lam PKS. A preliminary screening of HBCD enantiomers transported by microplastics in wastewater treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 674:171-178. [PMID: 31004893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), a commonly used flame retardant, causes public concern due to its potential negative effects on organisms. Microplastics are suspected to contain certain amounts of HBCD. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are believed to be one of the largest sources of microplastics and a sink for micropollutants, providing opportunities for interactions between them, especially for hydrophobic micropollutants such as HBCD. There is a lack of studies focusing on the prevalence of microplastics and HBCD they carry. The present study investigated two typical WWTPs in Hong Kong, Stonecutters Island WWTP (SCI) and Shek Wu Hui WWTP (SWH), which employ different treatment technologies. The abundance of microplastics decreased with the treatment flow, and the microplastic concentrations in effluent were at intermediate levels (0.40 and 0.27particles/L) compared with the levels reported in previous studies. The concentrations of HBCD transported by microplastics reached 4184.4 ng/g in the effluent, whereas that in sewage water (dissolved phase) was 0.8 pg/L. For microplastics, 7.32 × 107 and 2.24 × 107 particles per day were estimated to be released from SCI and SWH, respectively into the environment; the release of HBCD carried by microplastics potentially reached 15.5 g per day, whereas the dissolved HBCD in the effluent may reach 0.067 g per day. A preliminary risk assessment of HBCD transported by microplastics showed that HBCD posed negligible risk; nevertheless, attention should be paid to the continual discharge of microplastics from WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chenxi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Rongben Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Xu C, Wang J, Richards J, Xu T, Liu W, Gan J. Development of film-based passive samplers for in situ monitoring of trace levels of pyrethroids in sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:1684-1692. [PMID: 30072218 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Residues of pyrethroid insecticides tend to accumulate in bed sediments due to their strong hydrophobicity. Rather than the total or bulk sediment concentration, it is the freely dissolved concentration (Cfree) that drives toxicity to benthic invertebrates. In this study we developed thin film-based samplers for in situ ambient monitoring of pyrethroids at trace levels in sediment. Out of five common polymer materials, polyethylene (PE) and silicone rubber (SR), were identified to offer superior enrichment for pyrethroids from sediment. To circumvent the slow equilibrium process, 13C-permethrin and bifenthrin-d5 were preloaded onto the films as performance reference compounds (PRCs). The PRC-preloaded film samplers were deployed at five sites in Southern California under field conditions for 7 d and retrieved for analysis. The sediment porewater Cfree of eight pyrethroids derived from PRC-PE films ranged from 173 to 903 ng/L, accounting for 18.2-36.1% of the corresponding total porewater concentrations. The PRC-SR film samplers yielded Cfree values closely mimicking those from the PRC-PE samplers, cross-validating the two sampling devices. Additionally, a significant positive association was found between the observed mortality from toxicity tests using Hyalella azteca and the Cfree of bifenthrin (r = 0.628, p = 0.02). A significant linear correlation (R2 = 0.99) between Cfree derived from in situ monitoring and that of ex situ measurement under equilibrium conditions was also observed. Results from this study demonstrated that the film-based samplers may be used for in situ ambient monitoring to detect biologically relevant contamination of pyrethroids in bed sediments, which may contribute to improved risk assessment for this class of widely used insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA; MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Jaben Richards
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Tianbo Xu
- Pyrethroid Working Group, 2 TW Alexander Dr. RTP, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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19
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Ahrens L, Daneshvar A, Lau AE, Kreuger J. Concentrations, fluxes and field calibration of passive water samplers for pesticides and hazard-based risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:835-843. [PMID: 29758438 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Three passive sampler types including Chemcatcher® C18, polar organic chemical integrative sampler-hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (POCIS-HLB) and silicone rubber (SR) based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were evaluated for 124 legacy and current used pesticides at two sampling locations in southern Sweden over a period of 6 weeks and compared to time-proportional composite active sampling. In addition, an in situ calibration was performed resulting in median in situ sampling rates (RS, L day-1) of 0.01 for Chemcatcher® C18, 0.03 for POCIS-HLB, and 0.18 for SR, and median in situ passive sampler-water partition coefficients (log KPW, L kg-1) of 2.76 for Chemcatcher® C18, 3.87 for POCIS-HLB, and 2.64 for SR. Deisopropylatrazine D5 showed to be suitable as a performance reference compound (PRC) for SR. There was a good agreement between the pesticide concentrations using passive and active sampling. However, the three passive samplers detected 38 pesticides (including 9 priority substances from the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and 2 pyrethriods) which were not detected by the active sampler. The most frequently detected pesticides with a detection frequency of >90% for both sites were atrazine, 2,6-dichlorobenzamide, bentazone, chloridazon, isoproturon, and propiconazole. The annual average environmental quality standard (AA-EQS) for inland surface waters of the EU WFD and the risk quotient (RQ) of 1 was exceeded on a number of occasions indicating potential risk for the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ahrens
- Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Atlasi Daneshvar
- Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for chemical pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna E Lau
- Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for chemical pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Kreuger
- Dept. of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Center for chemical pesticides, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P. O. Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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20
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Lin W, Jiang R, Shen Y, Xiong Y, Hu S, Xu J, Ouyang G. Effect of dissolved organic matter on pre-equilibrium passive sampling: A predictive QSAR modeling study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:53-59. [PMID: 29660727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pre-equilibrium passive sampling is a simple and promising technique for studying sampling kinetics, which is crucial to determine the distribution, transfer and fate of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) in environmental water and organisms. Environmental water samples contain complex matrices that complicate the traditional calibration process for obtaining the accurate rate constants. This study proposed a QSAR model to predict the sampling rate constants of HOCs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides) in aqueous systems containing complex matrices. A homemade flow-through system was established to simulate an actual aqueous environment containing dissolved organic matter (DOM) i.e. humic acid (HA) and (2-Hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (β-HPCD)), and to obtain the experimental rate constants. Then, a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model using Genetic Algorithm-Multiple Linear Regression (GA-MLR) was found to correlate the experimental rate constants to the system state including physicochemical parameters of the HOCs and DOM which were calculated and selected as descriptors by Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Chem 3D. The experimental results showed that the rate constants significantly increased as the concentration of DOM increased, and the enhancement factors of 70-fold and 34-fold were observed for the HOCs in HA and β-HPCD, respectively. The established QSAR model was validated as credible (RAdj.2=0.862) and predictable (Q2=0.835) in estimating the rate constants of HOCs for complex aqueous sampling, and a probable mechanism was developed by comparison to the reported theoretical study. MAIN FINDING OF THE WORK The present study established a QSAR model of passive sampling rate constants and calibrated the effect of DOM on the sampling kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruifen Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yaxin Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Sizi Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jianqiao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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21
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DeCourten BM, Brander SM. Combined effects of increased temperature and endocrine disrupting pollutants on sex determination, survival, and development across generations. Sci Rep 2017. [PMID: 28839182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598‐017‐09631‐1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the combined effects of anthropogenic impacts such as climate change and pollution on aquatic ecosystems is critical. However, little is known about how predicted temperature increases may affect the activity of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), particularly in species with plasticity in sex determination. We investigated the effects of a concomitant increase in temperature and exposure to estrogenic EDCs on reproduction and development in an estuarine model organism (Menidia beryllina) across multiple generations. Parents (P) were exposed to environmental levels of the estrogenic insecticide bifenthrin or ethinylestradiol (EE2) at 22 °C and 28 °C for 14 days prior to the initiation of spawning trials. Embryos in the F1 generation were exposed to EDCs until 21 days post hatch (dph), reared to adulthood in clean water at elevated temperatures, and spawned. F1 sex ratios were significantly influenced by elevated temperature and EDCs, potentially altering adaptive development. We also observed fewer viable offspring and increased developmental deformities in the F1 and F2 generations, with a greater impact on F2 juveniles. These findings enhance our understanding of responses to EDCs in the context of climate change and may demonstrate heritable effects. Our study represents the first multigenerational assessment of elevated temperatures in combination with environmentally relevant concentrations of commonly detected endocrine disruptors in a model vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany M DeCourten
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA.
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 601 S. College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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Combined effects of increased temperature and endocrine disrupting pollutants on sex determination, survival, and development across generations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9310. [PMID: 28839182 PMCID: PMC5571109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the combined effects of anthropogenic impacts such as climate change and pollution on aquatic ecosystems is critical. However, little is known about how predicted temperature increases may affect the activity of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), particularly in species with plasticity in sex determination. We investigated the effects of a concomitant increase in temperature and exposure to estrogenic EDCs on reproduction and development in an estuarine model organism (Menidia beryllina) across multiple generations. Parents (P) were exposed to environmental levels of the estrogenic insecticide bifenthrin or ethinylestradiol (EE2) at 22 °C and 28 °C for 14 days prior to the initiation of spawning trials. Embryos in the F1 generation were exposed to EDCs until 21 days post hatch (dph), reared to adulthood in clean water at elevated temperatures, and spawned. F1 sex ratios were significantly influenced by elevated temperature and EDCs, potentially altering adaptive development. We also observed fewer viable offspring and increased developmental deformities in the F1 and F2 generations, with a greater impact on F2 juveniles. These findings enhance our understanding of responses to EDCs in the context of climate change and may demonstrate heritable effects. Our study represents the first multigenerational assessment of elevated temperatures in combination with environmentally relevant concentrations of commonly detected endocrine disruptors in a model vertebrate species.
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