1
|
Soriano Y, Carmona E, Renovell J, Picó Y, Brack W, Krauss M, Backhaus T, Inostroza PA. Co-occurrence and spatial distribution of organic micropollutants in surface waters of the River Aconcagua and Maipo basins in Central Chile. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176314. [PMID: 39306134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Organic Micropollutants (OMPs) might pose significant risks to aquatic life and have potential toxic effects on humans. These chemicals typically occur as complex mixtures rather than individually. Information on their co-occurrence and their association with land use is largely lacking, even in industrialized countries. Furthermore, data on the presence of OMPs in freshwater ecosystems in South America is insufficient. Consequently, we assessed the co-occurrence and distribution of OMPs, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, surfactants, and other industrial OMPs, in surface waters of two river basins in central Chile. We focused on identifying and ranking quantified chemicals, classifying their mode of actions, as well as correlating their occurrence with distinct land uses. We identified and quantified 311 compounds that occurred at least once in the River Aconcagua and River Maipo basins, encompassing compounds from urban, agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical sectors. Pharmaceuticals were the most frequently occurring chemicals, followed by pesticides, personal care and household products. OMPs with neuroactive properties dominated surface waters in Central Chile, along with OMPs known to alter the cardiovascular and endocrine systems of humans and aquatic animals. Finally, we observed positive correlations between agricultural and urban land uses and OMPs. Our findings represent a step forward in extending current knowledge on the co-occurrence patterns of OMPs in aquatic environments, particularly in developing countries of the southern hemisphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Soriano
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE) CSIC-GV-UV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric Carmona
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Javier Renovell
- Soil and water conservation system group, Desertification Research Centre-CIDE (CSIC, GV, UV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group of the University of Valencia (SAMA-UV), Desertification Research Centre (CIDE) CSIC-GV-UV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Exposure Science, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pedro A Inostroza
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sudarsan JS, Dogra K, Kumar R, Raval NP, Leifels M, Mukherjee S, Trivedi MH, Jain MS, Zang J, Barceló D, Mahlknecht J, Kumar M. Tricks and tracks of prevalence, occurrences, treatment technologies, and challenges of mixtures of emerging contaminants in the environment: With special emphasis on microplastic. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 265:104389. [PMID: 38941876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
This paper aims to emphasize the occurrence of various emerging contaminant (EC) mixtures in natural ecosystems and highlights the primary concern arising from the unregulated release into soil and water, along with their impacts on human health. Emerging contaminant mixtures, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, antibiotics, biocides, surfactants, phthalates, enteric viruses, and microplastics (MPs), are considered toxic contaminants with grave implications. MPs play a crucial role in transporting pollutants to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems as they interact with the various components of the soil and water environments. This review summarizes that major emerging contaminants (ECs), like trimethoprim, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, and 17α-Ethinylestradiol, pose serious threats to public health and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. In addressing human health concerns and remediation techniques, this review critically evaluates conventional methods for removing ECs from complex matrices. The diverse physiochemical properties of surrounding environments facilitate the partitioning of ECs into sediments and other organic phases, resulting in carcinogenic, teratogenic, and estrogenic effects through active catalytic interactions and mechanisms mediated by aryl hydrocarbon receptors. The proactive toxicity of ECs mixture complexation and, in part, the yet-to-be-identified environmental mixtures of ECs represent a blind spot in current literature, necessitating conceptual frameworks for assessing the toxicity and risks with individual components and mixtures. Lastly, this review concludes with an in-depth exploration of future scopes, knowledge gaps, and challenges, emphasizing the need for a concerted effort in managing ECs and other organic pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Sethuraman Sudarsan
- School of Energy and Environment, NICMAR (National Institute of Construction Management and Research) University, Pune 411045, India
| | - Kanika Dogra
- School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Nirav P Raval
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh 522 240, India
| | - Mats Leifels
- Division Water Quality and Health, Karl Landsteiner University for Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Santanu Mukherjee
- School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India.
| | - Mrugesh H Trivedi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj-Kachchh, Gujarat 370001, India
| | - Mayur Shirish Jain
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552, India
| | - Jian Zang
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Damià Barceló
- School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Chemistry and Physics Department, University of Almeria, Ctra Sacramento s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon 64849, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ledesma M, Gorokhova E, Nybom I, Sobek A, Ahlström D, Garbaras A, Karlson AM. Does pre-exposure to polluted sediment affect sub-cellular to population-level responses to contaminant exposure in a sentinel species? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122882. [PMID: 37951527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how key-species respond to anthropogenic stress such as chemical pollution is critical for predicting ecosystem changes. Little is however known about the intra-specific variability in the physiological and biochemical traits involved in contaminant exposure responses. Here, we explored this idea by exposing the Baltic amphipod Monoporeia affinis from two sites, one moderately polluted and one more pristine, to a sediment spiked with PAHs and PCBs. We evaluated the amphipods responses related to feeding, growth, a stress biomarker (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] inhibition) and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) composition including isotope niche analyses. More adverse responses were expected in animals from the low-pollution site than those from the high-pollution site due to tolerance development in the latter. Amphipods from both populations showed a ∼30% AChE inhibition when exposed to the contaminant spiked sediment. However, both controls and exposed amphipods from the high-pollution site had higher survival, nutrient uptake and condition status than the amphipods from the low-pollution site, which did not feed on the added diatoms as indicated by their isotope values. We found no signs of population-specific responses in physiological adjustments to contaminants with regard to classic ecotoxicological biomarkers such as AChE inhibition and growth status. Instead, isotope niche analyses proved useful in assessing contaminant stress responses at the population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ledesma
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inna Nybom
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ahlström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Department of Nuclear Research, Centre for Physical Science and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnes Ml Karlson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Su H, Zhang Q, Huang K, Wang WX, Li H, Huang Z, Cheng F, You J. Two-Compartmental Toxicokinetic Model Predicts Interspecies Sensitivity Variation of Imidacloprid to Aquatic Invertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:10532-10541. [PMID: 37449839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Interspecies sensitivity to the same chemical can be several orders of magnitude different. Quantifying toxicologically internal levels and toxicokinetic (TK) parameters is critical in elucidating the interspecies sensitivity. Herein, a two-compartmental TK model was constructed to characterize the uptake, distribution, and elimination kinetics toward interspecies sensitivity to an insecticide, imidacloprid. Imidacloprid exhibited the highest lethality to the insect Chironomus dilutus, followed by Lumbriculus variegatus, Hyalella azteca, and Daphnia magna. Interspecies sensitivity of imidacloprid to these invertebrates varied by ∼1000 folds based on water concentrations (LC50). Remarkably, the sensitivity variation decreased to ∼50 folds based on the internal residues (LR50), highlighting the critical role of TK in interspecies sensitivity. A one-compartmental TK model failed to simulate the bioaccumulation of imidacloprid in these invertebrates except for D. magna. Instead, a two-compartmental model successfully simulated the slow elimination of imidacloprid in the remaining three species by internally distinguishing the highly dynamic (C1) and toxicologically available (C2) fractions. We further showed that the species sensitivity of the invertebrates to imidacloprid was significantly related to C2, demonstrating that C2 was toxicologically available and responsible for the toxicity of imidacloprid. This mechanistic-based model bridged the internal distribution of organic contaminants in small invertebrates and the associated toxic potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Kunyang Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zhoubing Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Occurrence and seasonal variation of plasticizers in sediments and biota from the coast of Mahdia, Tunisia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48532-48545. [PMID: 36759412 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Plasticizers are compounds often involved in the manufacturing of plastic products. Nevertheless, the ageing of the latter generates plasticizers that generally end up in the marine environment. In fact, marine pollution by phthalate acid esters (PAEs) and their alternatives has become an environmental and health issue of serious concern, as they are largely and ubiquitously present in the environment and aquatic organisms. In the present study, four PAEs, such as diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and one non-phthalate plasticizer (NPP), namely di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DEHT), are wanted in different marine compartments from the coast of Mahdia in Tunisia such as sediment, seagrass, and mussel. The most abundant and frequently detected congener was DEHT at the concentrations reached 1.181 mg/kg in the sediment, 1.121 mg/kg in the seagrass, and 1.86 mg/kg in the mussel. This result indicates that the DEHT could emerge through the food chain and therefore bioaccumulate in marine compartments. In addition, we noticed that the seasonal variations of plasticizers were seriously affected by environmental factors including industrial and urban discharges.
Collapse
|
6
|
Dufour V, Wiest L, Slaby S, Le Cor F, Auger L, Cardoso O, Curtet L, Pasquini L, Dauchy X, Vulliet E, Banas D. Miniaturization of an extraction protocol for the monitoring of pesticides and polar transformation products in biotic matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131292. [PMID: 34198062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring pesticides in the environment requires the use of sensitive analytical methods. However, existing methods are generally not suitable for analyzing small organisms, as they require large matrix masses. This study explores the development of a miniaturized extraction protocol for the monitoring of small organisms, based on only 30 mg of matrix. The miniaturized sample preparation was developed using fish and macroinvertebrate matrices. It allowed the characterization of 41 pesticides and transformation products (log P from -1.9 to 4.8) in small samples with LC-MS/MS, based on European guidelines (European Commission DG-SANTE, 2019). Quantification limits ranged from 3 to 460 ng g-1 dry weight (dw) for fish and from 0.1 to 356 ng g-1 dw for invertebrates, with most below 60 ng g-1 dw. Extraction rates ranged from 70% to 120% for 35 molecules in fish. Recoveries ranged from 70% to 120% for 37 molecules in macroinvertebrates. Inter-day precision was below 30% for 32 molecules at quantification limits. The method was successfully applied to 17 fish and 19 macroinvertebrates collected from two ponds of the French region of Dombes in November and May 2018, respectively. Both sample matrices were nearly always contaminated with benzamide, imidacloprid-desnitro, and prosulfocarb at respective concentrations of 42-237, 3, and 30-165 ng g-1 dw in fish, and 62-438, 2-6, and 15-29 ng g-1 dw in macroinvertebrates. Results show that this method is an effective tool for characterizing polar pesticides in small biotic samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Dufour
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France; Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Laure Wiest
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvain Slaby
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - François Le Cor
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France; LHN, Laboratoire d'Hydrologie de Nancy, ANSES, 40 rue Lionnois, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Lucile Auger
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France; Office Français de la Biodiversité, Montfort, F-01330, Birieux, France
| | - Olivier Cardoso
- Office Français de la Biodiversité, 9 Avenue Buffon, F-45071, Orléans, France
| | - Laurence Curtet
- Office Français de la Biodiversité, Montfort, F-01330, Birieux, France
| | - Laure Pasquini
- LHN, Laboratoire d'Hydrologie de Nancy, ANSES, 40 rue Lionnois, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Xavier Dauchy
- LHN, Laboratoire d'Hydrologie de Nancy, ANSES, 40 rue Lionnois, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vulliet
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Damien Banas
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Muschket M, Brack W, Inostroza PA, Beckers LM, Schulze T, Krauss M. Sources and Fate of the Antiandrogenic Fluorescent Dye 4-Methyl-7-Diethylaminocoumarin in Small River Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:3078-3091. [PMID: 34324726 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the potent antiandrogen 4-methyl-7-diethylaminocoumarin (C47) and its potential transformation products 4-methyl-7-ethylaminocoumarin (C47T1) and 4-methyl-7-aminocoumarin (C47T2) were identified as novel environmental contaminants. We assessed for the first time the sources, distribution, and fate of these compounds in aquatic systems using the Holtemme River (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany), which is a hotspot for these contaminants. To this end, wastewater-treatment plant (WWTP) influent and effluent samples, surface water samples over 3 years, and the longitudinal profiles in water, sediment, and gammarids were analyzed. From the longitudinal profile of the river stretch, the WWTP of Silstedt was identified as the sole point source for these compounds in the River Holtemme, and exposure concentrations in the low micrograms per liter range could be recorded continuously over 3 years. Analysis of WWTP influent and effluent showed a transformation of approximately half of the C47 into C47T1 and C47T2 but no complete removal. A further attenuation of the three coumarins after discharge into the river could be largely attributed to dilution, while transformation was only approximately 20%, thus suggesting a significant persistence in aquatic systems. Experimentally derived partitioning coefficients between water and sediment organic carbon exceeded those predicted using the OPERA quantitative structure-activity relationship tools and polyparameter linear free-energy relationships by up to 93-fold, suggesting cation binding as a significant factor for their sorption behavior. Near-equilibrium conditions between water and sediment were not observed close to the emitting WWTP but farther downstream in the river. Experimental and predicted bioaccumulation factors for gammarids were closely matching, and the concentrations in field-sampled gammarids were close to steady state with exposure concentrations in the water phase of the river. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:3078-3091. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Werner Brack
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pedro A Inostroza
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Song Y, Wei Q, Lu T, Chen J, Chen W, Qi W, Liu S, Qi Z, Zhou Y. Insight into the inhibitory mechanism of soluble ionic liquids on the transport of TiO 2 nanoparticles in saturated porous media: Roles of alkyl chain lengths and counteranion types. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126367. [PMID: 34130158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Column experiments were carried out to investigate the transport of TiO2 nanoparticles (nTiO2) in water-saturated porous media in the presence of various imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with different alkyl chain lengths and counteranions. The results indicated that the effects of ILs on nTiO2 transport were considerably dependent upon IL species. In general, the transport-inhibition effects increased with the increasing length of branched alkyl chain on the ILs (i.e., [C6mim]Cl > [C4mim]Cl > [C2mim]Cl). The trend was dominated by the hydrophobicity effects of ILs. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effects of ILs were strongly related to the counteranions and followed the order of [C4mim]Cl > [C4mim][TOS] > [C4mim][PF6], mainly due to different electrostatic repulsion force between nanoparticles and porous media in the presence of various ILs. Furthermore, the inhibitory role of [C4mim][TOS] in nTiO2 transport under acidic conditions (i.e., pH 6.5) was greater than that under alkaline conditions (i.e., pH 8.0). The dominant mechanism was that the differences in the extent of electrostatic repulsion between sand grains and nTiO2 with or without ILs at pH 6.5 were larger than that at pH 8.0. Moreover, two-site kinetic retention model and DLVO theory provided good descriptions for the transport behaviors of nTiO2 with different ILs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Song
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Qiqi Wei
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- Department of Hydrology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BAYCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth D-95440, Germany
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Henan University Minsheng College, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shanhu Liu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhichong Qi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yanmei Zhou
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Weitere M, Altenburger R, Anlanger C, Baborowski M, Bärlund I, Beckers LM, Borchardt D, Brack W, Brase L, Busch W, Chatzinotas A, Deutschmann B, Eligehausen J, Frank K, Graeber D, Griebler C, Hagemann J, Herzsprung P, Hollert H, Inostroza PA, Jäger CG, Kallies R, Kamjunke N, Karrasch B, Kaschuba S, Kaus A, Klauer B, Knöller K, Koschorreck M, Krauss M, Kunz JV, Kurz MJ, Liess M, Mages M, Müller C, Muschket M, Musolff A, Norf H, Pöhlein F, Reiber L, Risse-Buhl U, Schramm KW, Schmitt-Jansen M, Schmitz M, Strachauer U, von Tümpling W, Weber N, Wild R, Wolf C, Brauns M. Disentangling multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors in a lotic ecosystem using a longitudinal approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144324. [PMID: 33482551 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Meeting ecological and water quality standards in lotic ecosystems is often failed due to multiple stressors. However, disentangling stressor effects and identifying relevant stressor-effect-relationships in complex environmental settings remain major challenges. By combining state-of-the-art methods from ecotoxicology and aquatic ecosystem analysis, we aimed here to disentangle the effects of multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors along a longitudinal land use gradient in a third-order river in Germany. We distinguished and evaluated four dominant stressor categories along this gradient: (1) Hydromorphological alterations: Flow diversity and substrate diversity correlated with the EU-Water Framework Directive based indicators for the quality element macroinvertebrates, which deteriorated at the transition from near-natural reference sites to urban sites. (2) Elevated nutrient levels and eutrophication: Low to moderate nutrient concentrations together with complete canopy cover at the reference sites correlated with low densities of benthic algae (biofilms). We found no more systematic relation of algal density with nutrient concentrations at the downstream sites, suggesting that limiting concentrations are exceeded already at moderate nutrient concentrations and reduced shading by riparian vegetation. (3) Elevated organic matter levels: Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and stormwater drainage systems were the primary sources of bioavailable dissolved organic carbon. Consequently, planktonic bacterial production and especially extracellular enzyme activity increased downstream of those effluents showing local peaks. (4) Micropollutants and toxicity-related stress: WWTPs were the predominant source of toxic stress, resulting in a rapid increase of the toxicity for invertebrates and algae with only one order of magnitude below the acute toxic levels. This toxicity correlates negatively with the contribution of invertebrate species being sensitive towards pesticides (SPEARpesticides index), probably contributing to the loss of biodiversity recorded in response to WWTP effluents. Our longitudinal approach highlights the potential of coordinated community efforts in supplementing established monitoring methods to tackle the complex phenomenon of multiple stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Weitere
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Rolf Altenburger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christine Anlanger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martina Baborowski
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ilona Bärlund
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Liza-Marie Beckers
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, PAI
| | - Dietrich Borchardt
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, PAI; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa Brase
- Helmholtz Centre Geesthacht - HZG, Department of Aquatic Nutrient Cycles, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antonis Chatzinotas
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Talstrasse 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jens Eligehausen
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; University of Kassel, Department of Landscape Ecology, Gottschalkstr. 26A, 34127 Kassel, Germany
| | - Karin Frank
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Ecological Modelling, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Graeber
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Griebler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; University of Vienna, Department for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Jeske Hagemann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Herzsprung
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Lake Research, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pedro A Inostroza
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, PAI
| | - Christoph G Jäger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Rosenheim Technical University of Applied Sciences, Centre for Research, Development and Technology Transfer, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany
| | - René Kallies
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norbert Kamjunke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Karrasch
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Kaschuba
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Kaus
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Klauer
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Economics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kay Knöller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Catchment Hydrology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Koschorreck
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Lake Research, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, PAI
| | - Julia V Kunz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marie J Kurz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Hydrogeology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research -UFZ, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Margarete Mages
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christin Müller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Catchment Hydrology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Muschket
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany, PAI
| | - Andreas Musolff
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Hydrogeology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helge Norf
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian Pöhlein
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department Lake Research, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lena Reiber
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research -UFZ, Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), Aachen, Germany
| | - Ute Risse-Buhl
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Department für Biowissenschaftliche Grundlagen, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Schmitz
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrike Strachauer
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Aquatic Ecosystems Analysis, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wolf von Tümpling
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nina Weber
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Romy Wild
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christine Wolf
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Economics, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miller TH, Ng KT, Lamphiere A, Cameron TC, Bury NR, Barron LP. Multicompartment and cross-species monitoring of contaminants of emerging concern in an estuarine habitat. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116300. [PMID: 33348138 PMCID: PMC7846722 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The fate of many chemicals in the environment, particularly contaminants of emerging concern (CEC), have been characterised to a limited extent with a major focus on occurrence in water. This study presents the characterisation, distribution and fate of multiple chemicals including pharmaceuticals, recreational drugs and pesticides in surface water, sediment and fauna representing different food web endpoints in a typical UK estuary (River Colne, Essex, UK). A comparison of contaminant occurrence across different benthic macroinvertebrates was made at three sites and included two amphipods (Gammarus pulex &Crangon crangon), a polychaete worm (Hediste diversicolor) and a gastropod (Peringia ulvae). Overall, multiple contaminants were determined in all compartments and ranged from;
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Miller
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, UB8 3PH, UK; Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Keng Tiong Ng
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Aaron Lamphiere
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO43SQ, UK
| | - Tom C Cameron
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, CO43SQ, UK
| | - Nicolas R Bury
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of Suffolk, James Hehir Building, University Avenue, Ipswich, Suffolk, IP3 0FS, UK; Suffolk Sustainability, University of Suffolk, Waterfront Building, Neptune Quay, Ipswich, IP4 1QJUK, UK
| | - Leon P Barron
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Contaminants of Emerging Concern in African Wastewater Effluents: Occurrence, Impact and Removal Technologies. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, the pollution of water bodies by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) such as pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupting compounds, flame retardants including brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and perfluorochemicals (PFCs), micro plastics, nanomaterials, and algal toxins, to name just a few, is creating a new set of challenges to the conventional wastewater treatment facilities, which demonstrate inefficiency in removing/degrading many CECs. As a consequence, environmentalists started to detect the presence of some of those contaminants at alarming levels in certain countries, with possible negative effects on aquatic species and often increased potential for human health risks through the exposure to the contaminated waters, or the reuse of treated wastewater in agriculture and household use. Such issues are more accentuated in the African continent due to various socio-economic problems giving rise to poor sanitation systems and serious shortages in wastewater treatment plants in many regions, making it difficult to tackle the problem of conventional pollutants, let alone to deal with the more challenging CECs. Thus, in order to effectively deal with this emerging environmental threat, African researchers are working to develop and optimize sound sampling and analytical procedures, risk assessment models, and efficient remediation technologies. In this review, related recent research efforts conducted in African universities and research institutions will be presented and discussed with respect to the occurrence and assessment of CECs in African wastewater effluents, the potential risks to aquatic ecosystems and humans, the tailored remediation techniques, along with some knowledge gaps and new research directions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li H, Zhang Q, Su H, You J, Wang WX. High Tolerance and Delayed Responses of Daphnia magna to Neonicotinoid Insecticide Imidacloprid: Toxicokinetic and Toxicodynamic Modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:458-467. [PMID: 33332108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Species sensitivity to neonicotinoids has been shown to be highly variable among aquatic invertebrates. Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic (TKTD) models were constructed to mechanistically elucidate the susceptibility of Daphnia magna to imidacloprid. D. magna was highly tolerant to single short-term exposure to imidacloprid (96-h LC50 of 8.47 μg/mL), but delayed and carry-over toxicity occurred under repeated pulse exposures. Kinetic distribution of imidacloprid between exoskeleton and soft tissues of D. magna was evaluated using a newly developed method. Approximately 84% imidacloprid was distributed to soft tissues but was rapidly depurated from the tissue (t1/2 of 1.2 h), resulting in low bioaccumulation and high tolerance. TKTD modeling also successfully simulated the survival of D. magna after pulsed exposures. The calculated recovery time was 45 d, indicating significant delayed and carry-over toxicity of the insecticide. While complete elimination of imidacloprid only took about 5 h (TK), slow damage recovery (45 d) caused slow organism recovery (TD). Consequently, although D. magna was tolerant to imidacloprid due to fast depuration from soft tissue, long damage recovery time significantly enhanced the toxicity under repeated pulse exposures. Our study highlights the necessity of integrating delayed and carry-over toxicity quantification in assessing the risk of neonicotinoids to aquatic invertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Qingjun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hang Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pastorino P, Zaccaroni A, Doretto A, Falasco E, Silvi M, Dondo A, Elia AC, Prearo M, Bona F. Functional Feeding Groups of Aquatic Insects Influence Trace Element Accumulation: Findings for Filterers, Scrapers and Predators from the Po Basin. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9090288. [PMID: 32937870 PMCID: PMC7564872 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
For this study, we measured the concentrations of 23 trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, In, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Ti, Tl, V, and Zn) in the whole bodies of three functional feeding groups (FFG) (filterers-Hydropsychidae, scrapers-Heptageniidae, and predators-Odonata) of aquatic insects collected from two sites in the Po basin (Po Settimo and Malone Front, Northwest Italy) to determine: (a) how FFG influence trace element accumulations, (b) if scrapers accumulate higher elements compared to the other FFG, since they graze on periphyton, which represents one of the major sinks of metals, and (c) the potential use of macroinvertebrates to assess the bioavailability of trace elements in freshwater. The hierarchical clustering analysis generated three main groups based on trace element concentrations: the most abundant elements were Fe and Al, followed by Sr, In, Zn, V, Mo, and Cu. Tl was below the limit of detection (LOD) in all FFG. Ga was detected only in scrapers from both sites and Hg only in predators from Po Settimo. The principal component analysis showed that concentrations of Al, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Ga, Fe, In, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Sr were highest in scrapers, suggesting that trace elements accumulate from the ingestion of epilithic periphyton (biofilm). Odonata (predators) accumulate certain elements (Ba, Hg, Li, Se, V, Ti, and Zn) in higher concentrations by food ingestion composed of different aquatic organisms. Differently, Cu and Mo concentrations were the highest in filterers due to their bioavailability in the water column. Non-metric multidimensional scaling clearly differentiated the FFG based on their ability to accumulate trace elements. The findings from this study represent an important step toward the definition of an innovative approach based on trace element accumulation by macroinvertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pastorino
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0112686251
| | - Annalisa Zaccaroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Alberto Doretto
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Elisa Falasco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 10123 Torino, Italy; (E.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Marina Silvi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, viale Vespucci 2, 47042 Cesenatico, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandro Dondo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Antonia Concetta Elia
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Marino Prearo
- The Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d’Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy; (A.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesca Bona
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Torino, via Accademia Albertina 13, Italy—ALPSTREAM Research Centre Ostana (CN), 10123 Torino, Italy; (E.F.); (F.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eftekhari A, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Weschler CJ, Morrison G. Predicting Transdermal Uptake of Phthalates and a Paraben from Cosmetic Cream Using the Measured Fugacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7471-7484. [PMID: 32432857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal uptake models compliment in vitro and in vivo experiments in assessing risk of environmental exposures to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). A key parameter for mechanistic models is the chemical driving force for mass transfer from environmental media to human skin. In this research, we measure this driving force in the form of fugacity for chemicals in cosmetic cream and use it to model uptake from cosmetics as a surrogate for condensed environmental media. A simple cosmetic cream, containing no target analytes, was mixed with diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and butyl paraben (BP) and diluted to make creams with concentrations ranging from 0.025% to 6%. The fugacity, relative to the pure compound, was measured using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME). We found that the relationship between the concentration and fugacity is highly nonlinear. The relative fugacity of the chemicals for a 2% w/w formulation was used in a diffusion-based model to predict transdermal uptake of each chemical and was compared with excretion data from a prior human subject study with the same formulation. Dynamic simulations of excretion are generally consistent with the results of the human subject experiment but sensitive to the input parameters, especially the time between cream application and showering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azin Eftekhari
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles J Weschler
- International Center for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Glenn Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
López-Pacheco IY, Silva-Núñez A, Salinas-Salazar C, Arévalo-Gallegos A, Lizarazo-Holguin LA, Barceló D, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldívar R. Anthropogenic contaminants of high concern: Existence in water resources and their adverse effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:1068-1088. [PMID: 31470472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Existence of anthropogenic contaminants (ACs) in different environmental matrices is a serious and unresolved concern. For instance, ACs from different sectors, such as industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical, are found in water bodies with considerable endocrine disruptors potency and can damage the biotic components of the environment. The continuous ACs exposure can cause cellular toxicity, apoptosis, genotoxicity, and alterations in sex ratios in human beings. Whereas, aquatic organisms show bioaccumulation, trophic chains, and biomagnification of ACs through different entry route. These problems have been found in many countries around the globe, making them a worldwide concern. ACs have been found in different environmental matrices, such as water reservoirs for human consumption, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), groundwaters, surface waters, rivers, and seas, which demonstrate their free movement within the environment in an uncontrolled manner. This work provides a detailed overview of ACs occurrence in water bodies along with their toxicological effect on living organisms. The literature data reported between 2017 and 2018 is compiled following inclusion-exclusion criteria, and the obtained information was mapped as per type and source of ACs. The most important ACs are pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen, ofloxacin, acetaminophen, progesterone ranitidine, and testosterone), agricultural products or pesticides (atrazine, carbendazim, fipronil), narcotics and illegal drugs (amphetamines, cocaine, and benzoylecgonine), food industry derivatives (bisphenol A, and caffeine), and personal care products (triclosan, and other related surfactants). Considering this threatening issue, robust detection and removal strategies must be considered in the design of WWTPs and DWTPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Y López-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Arisbe Silva-Núñez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Carmen Salinas-Salazar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Alejandra Arévalo-Gallegos
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico
| | - Laura A Lizarazo-Holguin
- Universidad de Antioquia, School of Microbiology, Cl. 67 #53 - 108, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Damiá Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain; ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, Girona 17003, Spain; Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, CP 64849 Monterrey, N.L., Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nunes CN, Dos Anjos VE, Quináia SP. Are there pharmaceutical compounds in sediments or in water? Determination of the distribution coefficient of benzodiazepine drugs in aquatic environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:522-529. [PMID: 31103012 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alprazolam, clonazepam and diazepam are drugs belonging to the benzodiazepine class. These drugs might be important environmental contaminants in aquatic media. A total understanding of behavior and fate of drugs in aquatic environment is not available for these and other drugs. Thus, in this work, a complete optimization of sample treatment and extraction of analytes from sediments and water was described, as well a study of sediment/water distribution comparing it with sample characteristics. Ultrasound for 10 min and 3 steps using 3 mL of extraction solvent were chosen as the stirring form for extraction. A methanol/water (1:1) solution pH 12 was the best extraction solvent. Aiming to eliminate interferences, an addition of 10 μL of NaCl 3.06 mol L-1 was necessary after each step of extraction. Sediment and water samples were characterized, presenting different values on physical-chemical parameters. Six distinct sample sets of water and sediments were spiked with each benzodiazepine and analyzed. Kd values varied from 1.4 to 9.2 L kg-1 for clonazepam, 1.8-11.5 L kg-1 for alprazolam and 2.31-12 L kg-1 for diazepam. A principal component analysis showed high dependence on Kd with sample characteristics mainly related to sediments. In the systems, whose sediments presented high levels of clay, silt and organic matter, the drugs presented a great interaction with the solid part of the system, increasing the Kd value. Koc values varied from 149.25 to 634.13 L kg-1 for clonazepam, 186.57-852.48 L kg-1 for alprazolam, and 194.68-1189.81 L kg-1 for diazepam.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sueli Pércio Quináia
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, UNICENTRO, 85040-080, Guarapuava, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Babić S, Barišić J, Stipaničev D, Repec S, Lovrić M, Malev O, Martinović-Weigelt D, Čož-Rakovac R, Klobučar G. Assessment of river sediment toxicity: Combining empirical zebrafish embryotoxicity testing with in silico toxicity characterization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:435-450. [PMID: 29945079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative chemical analyses of 428 organic contaminants (OCs) indicated the presence of 313 OCs in the sediment extracts from Sava River, Croatia. Pharmaceuticals were present in higher concentrations than pesticides thus confirming their increasing threat to freshwater ecosystems. Toxicity evaluation of the sediment extracts from four locations (Jesenice, Rugvica, Galdovo and Lukavec) using zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET) accompanied with semi-quantitative histopathological analyses exhibited correlation with cumulative number and concentrations of OCs at the investigated sites (10.05, 15.22, 1.25, and 9.13 μg/g respectively). Toxicity of sediment extracts and sediment was predicted using toxic unit (TU) approach and persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) ranking. Additionally, influential OCs and genes were identified by graph mining of the prior knowledge informed, site-specific chemical-gene interaction models. Predicted toxicity of sediment extracts (TUext) was similar to the results obtained by ZET and associated histopathology with Rugvica sediment being the most toxic, followed by Jesenice, Lukavec and Galdovo. Sediment TU (TUsed) favoured OCs with low octanol-water partition coefficients like herbicide glyphosate and antibiotics ciprofloxacin and sulfamethazine thus indicating locations containing higher concentrations of these OCs (Galdovo and Rugvica) as the most toxic. Results suggest that comprehensive in silico sediment toxicity predictions advocate providing equal attention to organic contaminants with either very low or very high log Kow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Babić
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Barišić
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Draženka Stipaničev
- Croatian Waters, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Repec
- Croatian Waters, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Lovrić
- Know-Center, Inffeldgasse 13/6, A-8010 Graz, Austria; NMR Centre, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Malev
- Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia; Department for Translational Medicine, Children's Hospital Srebrnjak, Srebrnjak 100, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalma Martinović-Weigelt
- University of St. Thomas, Department of Biology, Mail OWS 390, 2115 Summit Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Göran Klobučar
- Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shahid N, Becker JM, Krauss M, Brack W, Liess M. Pesticide Body Burden of the Crustacean Gammarus pulex as a Measure of Toxic Pressure in Agricultural Streams. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7823-7832. [PMID: 29932330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessments of toxicants in aquatic environments are typically based on the evaluation of concentrations in water or sediment. However, concentrations in water are highly variable, while the body burden may provide a better time-integrated measure of pesticide exposure and potential effects in aquatic organisms. Here, we quantified pesticide body burdens in a dominant invertebrate species from agricultural streams, Gammarus pulex, compared them with pesticide concentrations in water samples, and linked the pesticide contamination with observed ecological effects on macroinvertebrate communities. In total, 19 of 61 targeted analytes were found in the organisms, ranging from 0.037 to 93.94 ng g-1 (wet weight). Neonicotinoids caused the highest toxic pressure among the pesticides detected in G. pulex. Using linear solvation energy relationships (LSERs), we derived equivalent pesticide concentrations in streamwater based on the body burden. These equivalent concentrations correlated with the concentrations in water samples collected after runoff (65% of variance explained). Pesticide pressure significantly affected the aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure, expressed as SPEARpesticides, and caused, on average, 3-fold increased insecticide tolerance in G. pulex as a result of adaptation. The toxic pressure derived from body burden and from water samples similarly explained the change in community structure (68% and 64%). However, the increased tolerance of G. pulex to pesticides was better explained by the toxicity derived from body burden (70%) than by the toxicity from water samples (53%). We conclude that the internal body burden of macroinvertebrates is suitable to assess the overall pesticide exposure and effects in agricultural streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Shahid
- Department System-Ecotoxicology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V) , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 1 , 52062 Aachen , Germany
- Department of Environmental Sciences , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , 61100 Vehari , Pakistan
| | - Jeremias Martin Becker
- Department System-Ecotoxicology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V) , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 1 , 52062 Aachen , Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V) , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 1 , 52062 Aachen , Germany
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Matthias Liess
- Department System-Ecotoxicology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V) , RWTH Aachen University , Worringerweg 1 , 52062 Aachen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Inostroza PA, Vera-Escalona I, Wild R, Norf H, Brauns M. Tandem Action of Natural and Chemical Stressors in Stream Ecosystems: Insights from a Population Genetic Perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:7962-7971. [PMID: 29898597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural and urban land use has dramatically increased over the last century and one consequence is the release of anthropogenic chemicals into aquatic ecosystems. One of the rarely studied consequences is the effect of land use change on internal concentrations of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in aquatic invertebrates and its effects on their genotype diversity. Here, we applied population genetic and internal concentrations of OMPs analyses to determine evolutionary implications of chemical pollution on Gammarus pulex populations from a natural and two agricultural streams. Along 14 consecutive months sampled, 26 different OMPs were quantified in G. pulex extracts with the highest number, concentration, and toxic pressure in the anthropogenically stressed stream ecosystems. Our results indicate distinct internal OMP profiles and changes in both genetic variation and genetic structure in streams affected by anthropogenic activity. Genetic variation was attributed to chemical pollution whereas changes in the genetic structure were attributed to environmental disturbances, such as changes in discharge in the impacted stream ecosystems, which worked both independently and in tandem. Finally, we conclude that human-impacted streams are subjected to severe alterations in their population genetic patterns compared to nonimpacted stream ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Inostroza
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Iván Vera-Escalona
- Department of Biology , Dalhousie University , 1355 Oxford St. , Halifax , Canada
| | - Romy Wild
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Helge Norf
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
- Department of Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Brückstraße 3A , Magdeburg , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Massei R, Busch W, Wolschke H, Schinkel L, Bitsch M, Schulze T, Krauss M, Brack W. Screening of Pesticide and Biocide Patterns As Risk Drivers in Sediments of Major European River Mouths: Ubiquitous or River Basin-Specific Contamination? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2251-2260. [PMID: 29353470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and biocides (PaB) are ubiquitously present in aquatic ecosystems due to their widespread application and have been detected in rivers at concentrations that may cause distress to aquatic life. Many of these compounds accumulate in sediments acting as long-term source for aquatic ecosystems. However, data on sediment contamination with current-use PaB in Europe are scarce. Thus, in this study, we elucidated PaB patterns and associated risks in sediments of seven major European rivers focusing on their last stretch as an integrative sink of particles transported by these rivers. Sediments were extracted with pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) using a broad-spectrum method recovering many compound classes with a wide range of physicochemical properties. Altogether 126 compounds were analyzed and 81 of them were detected with LC-HRMS and GC-NCI-MS/MS at least in one of the sediments. The highest number of compounds was detected (59) in River Elbe sediments close to Cuxhaven with outstanding concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 1691 mg/g organic carbon. Multivariate analysis identified a cluster with 3 ubiquitous compounds (cyhalothrin, carbendazim, fenpropimorph) and three clusters of chemicals with higher variability within and between rivers. Risk assessment indicates an acute toxic risk to benthic crustaceans at all investigated sites with the pyrethroids tefluthrin and cyfluthrin together with the fungicide carbendazim as the main drivers. Risks to algae were driven at most sites almost exclusively by photosynthesis inhibitors with estuary-specific herbicide mixtures, while in the rivers Po and Gironde cell division inhibitors played an important role at some sites. Mixtures of specific concern have been defined and suggested for integration in future monitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Massei
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wibke Busch
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hendrik Wolschke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Institute of Coastal Research , Department for Environmental Chemistry, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Lena Schinkel
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maike Bitsch
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Analyses, RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research , Worringerweg 1, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A sediment extraction and cleanup method for wide-scope multitarget screening by liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:177-188. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0708-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|