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Li NY, Zhong B, Guo Y, Li XX, Yang Z, He YX. Non-negligible impact of microplastics on wetland ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171252. [PMID: 38423326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
There has been much concern about microplastic (MP) pollution in marine and soil environments, but attention is gradually shifting towards wetland ecosystems, which are a transitional zone between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This paper comprehensively reviews the sources of MPs in wetland ecosystems, as well as their occurrence characteristics, factors influencing their migration, and their effects on animals, plants, microorganisms, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It was found that MPs in wetland ecosystems originate mainly from anthropogenic sources (sewage discharge, and agricultural and industrial production) and natural sources (rainfall-runoff, atmospheric deposition, and tidal effects). The most common types and forms of MPs identified in the literature were polyethylene and polypropylene, fibers, and fragments. The migration of MPs in wetlands is influenced by both non-biological factors (the physicochemical properties of MPs, sediment characteristics, and hydrodynamic conditions) and biological factors (the adsorption and growth interception by plant roots, ingestion, and animal excretion). Furthermore, once MPs enter wetland ecosystems, they can impact the resident microorganisms, animals, and plants. They also have a role in global warming because MPs act as unique exogenous carbon sources, and can also influence GHG emissions in wetland ecosystems by affecting the microbial community structure in wetland sediments and abundance of genes associated with GHG emissions. However, further investigation is needed into the influence of MP type, size, and concentration on the GHG emissions in wetlands and the underlying mechanisms. Overall, the accumulation of MPs in wetland ecosystems can have far-reaching consequences for the local ecosystem, human health, and global climate regulation. Understanding the effects of MPs on wetland ecosystems is essential for developing effective management and mitigation strategies to safeguard these valuable and vulnerable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yun Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xian-Xiang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
| | - Zao Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi-Xin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Gautam K, Dwivedi S, Verma R, Vamadevan B, Patnaik S, Anbumani S. Combined effects of polyethylene microplastics and carbendazim on Eisenia fetida: A comprehensive ecotoxicological study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123854. [PMID: 38527586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is becoming an emerging environmental concern across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Plastic mulching and the use of pesticides in agriculture can lead to microplastics and agrochemicals in soil, which can result in unintended exposure to non-target organisms. The combined toxicity of multiple stressors represents a significant paradigm shift within the field of ecotoxicology, and its exploration within terrestrial ecosystems involving microplastics is still relatively limited. The present study investigated the combined effects of polyethylene MP (PE-MP) and the agrochemical carbendazim (CBZ) on the earthworm Eisenia fetida at different biological levels of organization. While E. fetida survival and reproduction did not exhibit significant effects following PE-MP treatment, there was a reduction in cocoon and hatchling numbers. Notably, prolonged exposure revealed delayed toxicity, leading to substantial growth impairment. Exposure to CBZ led to significant alterations in the endpoints mentioned above. While there was a decrease in cocoon and hatchling numbers, the combined treatment did not yield significant effects on earthworm reproduction except at higher concentrations. However, lower concentrations of PE-MP alongside CBZ induced a noteworthy decline in biomass content, signifying a form of potentiation interaction. In addition, concurrent exposure led to synergistic effects, from oxidative stress to modifications in vital organs such as the body wall, intestines, and reproductive structures (spermathecae, seminal vesicles, and ovarian follicles). The comparison of multiple endpoints revealed that seminal vesicles and ovarian follicles were the primary targets during the combined exposure. The research findings suggest that there are variable and complex responses to microplastic toxicity in terrestrial ecosystems, especially when combined with other chemical stressors like agrochemicals. Despite these difficulties, the study implies that microplastics can alter earthworms' responses to agrochemical exposure, posing potential ecotoxicological risks to soil fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Gautam
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, C.R. Krishnamurti (CRK) Campus, Lucknow, 226 008, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shreya Dwivedi
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, C.R. Krishnamurti (CRK) Campus, Lucknow, 226 008, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Verma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Water Analysis Laboratory, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Beena Vamadevan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Central Pathology Laboratory, ASSIST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyakam Patnaik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Water Analysis Laboratory, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sadasivam Anbumani
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, C.R. Krishnamurti (CRK) Campus, Lucknow, 226 008, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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De Felice B, Gazzotti S, Roncoli M, Conterosito E, Gianotti V, Ortenzi MA, Parolini M. Exposure to Microplastics Made of Plasmix-Based Materials at Low Amounts Did Not Induce Adverse Effects on the Earthworm Eisenia foetida. TOXICS 2024; 12:300. [PMID: 38668523 PMCID: PMC11054649 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of recycling techniques represents a potential solution to the plastic pollution issue. To date, only a limited number of plastic polymers can be efficiently recycled. In the Italian plastic waste stream, the residual, non-homogeneous fraction is called 'Plasmix' and is intended for low-value uses. However, Plasmix can be used to create new materials through mechanical recycling, which need to be tested for their eco-safety. This study aimed to investigate the potential toxicity of two amounts (0.1% and 1% MPs in soil weight) of microplastics (MPs) made of naïve and additivated Plasmix-based materials (Px and APx, respectively) on the earthworm Eisenia foetida. Changes in oxidative status and oxidative damage, survival, gross growth rate and reproductive output were considered as endpoints. Although earthworms ingested both MP types, earthworms did not suffer an oxidative stress condition or growth and reproductive impairments. The results suggested that exposure to low amounts of both MPs can be considered as safe for earthworms. However, further studies testing a higher amount or longer exposure time on different model species are necessary to complete the environmental risk assessment of these new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice De Felice
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Gazzotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy; (S.G.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Maddalena Roncoli
- Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy; (M.R.); (E.C.); (V.G.)
| | - Eleonora Conterosito
- Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy; (M.R.); (E.C.); (V.G.)
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Department of Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy; (M.R.); (E.C.); (V.G.)
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy; (S.G.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Marco Parolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, I-20133 Milan, Italy;
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Shang G, Zhai J, Xu G, Wang L, Wang X. Ecotoxicological effects of co-exposure biodegradable microplastics polylactic acid with cadmium are higher than conventional microplastics polystyrene with cadmium on the earthworm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166953. [PMID: 37699480 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are plastic fragments with particle sizes <5 mm, ubiquitously distributed in terrestrial environments. However, the negative effects of MPs, such as joint-pollution with heavy metals on soil fauna remain controversial. This study investigated survival rate, growth, reproduction, avoidance behavior, histology, biochemical assays, comet assay, qPCR, Cd content, and IBR index. We found that six types of traditional MPs (PC, PP, PVC, LDPE, PET and PS, and PLA (a biodegradable microplastics)) had no adverse effects on earthworm growth, survival and reproduction. Moreover, we found that earthworms exhibit an avoidance behavior towards PLA. Both PS and PLA can exacerbated Cd pollution, leading to loose circular muscle layer, DNA damage in coelomocytes, and impaired antioxidant system due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). mRNA level of HSP70 increased under joint-pollution of both PS and Cd or PLA and Cd compared to Cd treatment alone. MPs enhanced Cd accumulation in earthworms in Cd-contaminated soil. Notably, the Integrated Biomarkers Response index revealed that the toxicity of joint PLA and Cd was greater than the joint effect of PS and Cd, which might violate the original intention of biodegradable plastics having non-toxic influence on the soil fauna. Our findings provide new insights into the ecotoxicological effects of MPs, the joint ecotoxicological effects of MPs and Cd on earthworms, and the ecological risks of MPs to soil fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshen Shang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junjie Zhai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangxia Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
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Xayachak T, Haque N, Lau D, Emami N, Hood L, Tait H, Foley A, Pramanik BK. White spill: Life cycle assessment approach to managing marine EPS litter from flood-released pontoons. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139400. [PMID: 37406937 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Expanded polystyrene (EPS) pollution in the marine environment is a pressing issue in Queensland, Australia due to a recent flood that scattered hundreds of EPS-containing pontoons along the coastline, causing severe ecological damage. To assist in the clean-up effort and provide crucial data for developing management guidelines, this study investigates the environmental performance of different end-of-life (EoL) disposal/recycling methods, including (i) landfill; (ii) on-site mechanical re-processing using a thermal densifier (MR); and (iii) on-site dissolution/precipitation using d-limonene (DP). Applying the life cycle assessment framework, the results showed that DP was the most environmentally favourable option. Its impacts in climate change (GWP), acidification (TAP), and fossil fuel depletion (FFD) were 612 kg CO2 eq, 4.3 kg SO2 eq, and 184.7 kg oil eq, respectively. For comparison, the impacts of landfilling EPS in these categories were found to be 700 kg CO2 eq, 3.5 kg SO2 eq, and 282 kg oil eq, respectively. Landfill also contributed considerably to eutrophication potential (MEP), at 3.77 kg N eq. Impacts from MR were most significant due to the need to transport the densifier unit to the site. The analysis also revealed that the transportation of personnel and heavy machinery to the site, was the biggest contributor to impacts in the EoL stage. Its impacts in GWP, TAP, MEP, and FFD were 1369.8 kg CO2 eq, 6.5 kg SO2 eq, 0.2189 kg N eq, and 497.7 kg oil eq, respectively. Monte Carlo analysis showed that the conclusions made from these results were stable and reliable. Limitations of this model and recommendations for future investigations were also discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu Xayachak
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Nawshad Haque
- CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton South, Melbourne, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Deborah Lau
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Private Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Nargessadat Emami
- CSIRO Land & Water, Black Mountain Science & Innovation Park, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Lincoln Hood
- Tangaroa Blue Foundation, Dunsborough, WA, 6281, Australia
| | - Heidi Tait
- Tangaroa Blue Foundation, Dunsborough, WA, 6281, Australia
| | - Alison Foley
- Ten Little Pieces, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
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6
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Fu M, Tan J, Zhou S, Ling S, Hu S, Qiao Z, Han Y, Zhang W, Peng C. Insight into Bioaccumulation of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane in Eisenia fetida Increased by Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13980-13990. [PMID: 37668438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The rise of electronics inevitably induced the co-pollution of novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and microplastics (MPs). However, studies on how they interact to influence their bioavailability are scarce. Here, we explored the influence mechanism of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)-MPs on the bioaccumulation of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in soil-earthworm microcosms. The influence exhibited a temporal pattern characterized by short-term inhibition and long-term promotion. After 28 days of exposure, DBDPE bioaccumulation in a co-exposure (10 mg kg-1 DBDPE accompanied by 1000 mg kg-1 ABS-MPs) was 2.61 times higher than that in a separate exposure. The adsorption process in the soil, intestines, and mucus introduced DBDPE-carried MPs, which had a higher concentration of DBDPE than the surrounding soil and directly affected the bioavailability of DBDPE. MP-pre-exposure (100, 1000, and 10000 mg kg-1) reduced epidermal soundness, mucus secretion, and worm cast production. This eventually promoted the contact between earthworm and soil particles and enhanced the DBDPE of earthworm tissue by 6%-61% in the next DBDPE-postexposure period, confirming that MPs increased DBDPE bioaccumulation indirectly by impairing the earthworm health. This study indicates that MPs promoted DBDPE bioaccumulation via adsorption and self-toxicity, providing new insight into the combined risk of MPs and NBFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Fu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Shanqi Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Siyuan Ling
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuangqing Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanna Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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7
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Chelomin VP, Dovzhenko NV, Slobodskova VV, Mazur AA, Kukla SP, Zhukovskaya AF. Expanded Polystyrene-Debris-Induced Genotoxic Effect in Littoral Organisms. TOXICS 2023; 11:781. [PMID: 37755791 PMCID: PMC10538089 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is a major component of plastic debris in the environment, including coastal and littoral zones. EPS is widely used in various industries including fish farming and aquaculture, which poses a serious potential threat not only to cultured hydrobionts but also to all living organisms, including humans. This paper presents the results of experimental studies on the effects of EPS (0.024 m2/L) on marine mollusks Mytilus trossulus and Tegula rustica, which are typical inhabitants of the upper littoral of Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan), belonging to different systematic groups and differing in the type of nutrition. The results of biochemical marker analysis showed the development of oxidative stress processes. Thus, increasing malondialdehyde content relative to control values was registered in the digestive glands of M. trossulus and T. rustica. In the cells of the digestive glands of M. trossulus, integral antioxidant activity decreased more than 1.5 times compared with that of the control. The change in the concentration of protein carbonyls was unchanged in M. trossulus, whereas in T. rustica, there was a 1.5-fold increase. EPS exposure also resulted in significant DNA damage in the studied mollusks-the damage level increased 2.5-fold in M. trossulus and 1.5-fold in T. rustica relative to the control, indicating the genotoxic potential of EPS litters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sergey Petrovich Kukla
- Far Eastern Branch, V.I.l’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia; (V.P.C.); (N.V.D.); (V.V.S.); (A.A.M.); (A.F.Z.)
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8
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Bellakhal M, Ishak S, Al-Hoshani N, Qurtam AA, Al-Zharani M, Pacioglu O, Boufahja F. The multifaceted effects of fluoranthene and polystyrene on the taxonomic composition and associated functional traits of marine meiofauna, by using single and mixture applications. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115390. [PMID: 37573818 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The current experiment measured the multifaceted effects of polystyrene and fluoranthene, acting alone or in a mixture on marine meiofauna, but with a special focus on nematodes' morphological and functional traits. The results showed changes in the abundances for all tested concentrations of both compounds. The nematode communities exposed to the highest concentrations of fluoranthene (30 ng.g-1 Dry Weight (DW)) and polystyrene (100 mg.kg-1 DW) alone or in a mixture, were significantly less diverse compared to control and were associated with significant changes in the percentage of taxonomic composition and feeding-guilds. The most sensitive taxa to fluoranthene comprised epistratum feeders, whereas the nematodes mostly affected by polystyrene were omnivores-carnivores. A new functional tool, the Index of Sensitivity (IOS), proved to be reliable in depicting the changes that occurred in the taxonomic and functional features of the nematofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Bellakhal
- Higher Institute of Fishery and Aquaculture of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Ishak
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Nawal Al-Hoshani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf A Qurtam
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Octavian Pacioglu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
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Song W, Du Y, Li D, Xiao Z, Li B, Wei J, Huang X, Zheng C, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L. Polyethylene mulch film-derived microplastics enhance the bioaccumulation of atrazine in two earthworm species (Eisenia fetida and Metaphire guillelmi) via carrier effects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131603. [PMID: 37182465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) may significantly affect the bioavailability of coexisting pollutants in soil by adsorption-desorption behavior. However, the mechanisms underlying these interaction remain unclear. Herein, the influence of unused polythylene mulch film-derived MPs (MFMPs) and farmland residual polyethylene mulch film-derived MPs (MFMPs-aged) on the adsorption-desorption behavior and bioavailability of atrazine (ATZ) in soil were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and the adsorption isotherms of ATZ on soil, MFMPs, and MFMPs-aged fitted well by the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model, respectively. ATZ were easier to desorb from soil, MFMPs, and MFMPs-aged in the simulated earthworm digestive fluid than that in the CaCl2 solution. The adsorption and desorption capacities of MFMPs and MFMPs-aged for ATZ were higher than those of soil, especially for MFMPs-aged. The existence of MPs in soil strengthened the adsorption and desorption capacities of ATZ, and the strengthened effects were promoted by the addition amount and aging process of MPs. Moreover, the occurrence of MPs significantly increased the bioaccumulation of ATZ in earthworms, especially for MFMPs-aged. This study deepens the knowledge of the interaction mechanisms of mulch film-derived MPs and pesticide pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yankun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Dengtan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Zongyuan Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinling Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xinjie Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Chuanwei Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
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10
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Pan YF, Liu S, Li HX, Lin L, Hou R, Cheng YY, Xu XR. Expanded polystyrene buoys as an important source of hexabromocyclododecanes for aquatic ecosystem: Evidence from field exposure with different substrates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120920. [PMID: 36565907 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The production and use of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) have been strictly limited due to their persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation. However, the release of HBCDs from related products and wastes would continue for a long time, which may cause many environmental problems. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of HBCDs and microplastics (MPs) in aquatic organisms inhabiting different substrates. HBCDs were measurable in the seawater, sediment, expanded polystyrene (EPS) substrates and organism samples. Mostly, the concentrations of HBCDs in organisms inhabiting EPS buoys were significantly higher than those of the same species inhabiting other substrates. Meanwhile, the diastereomeric ratio (α/γ) of HBCDs in organisms inhabiting EPS buoys was closer to that in EPS buoys. The fugacity values of HBCDs in EPS buoys were much higher than those in other media, implying that HBCDs can be transferred from EPS buoys to other media. Additionally, MPs derived from EPS buoys would be mistaken as food and ingested by aquatic organisms. The transfer of HBCDs from EPS buoys to aquatic organisms can be achieved by aqueous and dietary exposures. In combination, the contribution of MP ingestion to HBCDs for aquatic organisms should be very limited. These results supported EPS buoys as an important source of HBCDs for the aquatic ecosystem. To effectively control HBCDs pollution, it is necessary to discontinue or reduce the use of EPS buoys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Heng-Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Lang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yuan-Yue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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11
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The measurement of food safety and security risks associated with micro- and nanoplastic pollution. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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12
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Cui W, Gao P, Zhang M, Wang L, Sun H, Liu C. Adverse effects of microplastics on earthworms: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158041. [PMID: 35973535 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are widely distributed in terrestrial environments and have been known to adversely affect earthworms. Based on 65 publications, we summarized the effects of microplastics on the growth, behavior, oxidative responses, gene expression, and gut microbiota of earthworms. Since microplastics are often present simultaneously with other pollutants, especially heavy metals and hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), the interactions and combined effects of microplastics and these pollutants on earthworms have also been discussed. It has been shown that earthworms can selectively ingest microplastics, preferring to those with smaller particle size (especially smaller than 50 μm) and biodegradable compositions. Generally, microplastics with higher concentrations (especially those > 0.5%, w/w) and smaller sizes (e.g., 100 nm) have greater adverse effects on earthworms. Additionally, microplastics can facilitate the accumulation of heavy metals and organic pollutants by earthworms and pose severer damages. Current knowledge gaps and perspectives for future work are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Panpan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Miaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chunguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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13
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Shi L, Hou Y, Chen Z, Bu Y, Zhang X, Shen Z, Chen Y. Impact of polyethylene on soil physicochemical properties and characteristics of sweet potato growth and polyethylene absorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134734. [PMID: 35489454 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution problem is severe in China. As the main component of mulch film, whether polyethylene (PE) poses a threat to the safe production of sweet potato is unknown. In this study, micron-sized original or weathered PE was simulated as the field film particles, and pot, hydroponic experiment were conducted to explore the effects of original and weathered MPs on physicochemical properties in soil, growth and phosphorus (P), potassium (K) absorption in sweet potato; P and K adsorption in liquid environment, and also the distribution of original MPs in sweet potato tissues respectively. The results showed that 5 μm original PE MPs significantly reduced pH (5.6-7.9%) and increased EC (6.0-12.1%) of soil compared to weathered PE MPs. In addition, original PE MPs can also significantly improved the biomass growth rates (5.9-19.0%) of sweet potato compared with weathered PE MPs by adsorbing more Olsen-P and Olsen-K in soil, and increasing K concentration in stems compared with control (17.1-55.4%). Although there was no significant difference between original and weathered PE MPs on the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation in sweet potato leaves, the original PE MPs made sweet potato exhibit the stronger oxidative stress. The tissue distribution of PE MPs-fluorescent spheres were only observed in cortical tissues of roots and stems. Results from our study suggest that sweet potato were not significantly affected by a short term exposure to single PE MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zanming Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuan Bu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; The Collaborated Lab. of Plant Molecular Ecology (between College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University and Asian Natural Environmental Science Center of the University of Tokyo), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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14
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Helmberger MS, Grieshop MJ. Characterizing Fragmentation of Polystyrene Foam Debris by Isopods Oniscus asellus (Isopoda: Oniscidae) and Trachelipus rathkii (Isopoda: Trachelipodidae). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:710-715. [PMID: 35834266 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics present a novel and potentially unique threat to soil ecosystems, one whose effects may be mediated by soil organisms themselves. We investigated fragmentation of polystyrene (PS) foam into microplastic particles by two isopods, Oniscus asellus L. and Trachelipus rathkii Brandt, in laboratory arena experiments. First, we examined the temporal dynamics of fragmentation across a time span of 96 h. O. asellus produced more fragments than T. rathkii, and neither species significantly fragmented the PS foam until 48 h had passed. Second, we asked whether O. asellus would still fragment PS foam in the presence of an alternate, more natural substrate like wood. Wood did not significantly affect fragmentation rates, in line with the few other studies examining the effect of alternate food on soil invertebrates' propensity to consume and/or fragment plastics. Our results provide additional characterization of PS foam fragmentation by isopods and indicate that laboratory experiments involving soil invertebrates and plastic debris can take place over relatively short timespans of four or fewer days, but do not necessarily need to provide alternate food to prove that plastic consumption would still occur in its presence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Grieshop
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
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15
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Wang W, Do ATN, Kwon JH. Ecotoxicological effects of micro- and nanoplastics on terrestrial food web from plants to human beings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155333. [PMID: 35452728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are present in almost all environmental compartments. Terrestrial soils are major environmental reservoirs for MNPs, but the ecotoxicological effects of MNPs on terrestrial biota remain relatively understudied. In this review, we collated findings of previous research on the uptake and impact of MNPs in terrestrial organisms, including flora, fauna, and human beings. Terrestrial plants can take up MNPs via the roots or leaves and translocate them to other parts. MNPs have been detected in the gastrointestinal tracts or feces of many terrestrial animals, including some high trophic-level predators, indicating the incidence of direct ingestion or trophic transfer of MNPs. The presence of MNPs in food items and human feces combines to verify human intake of MNPs via the dietary pathway. Exposure to MNPs can cause diverse effects on terrestrial organisms, including alterations in growth performance, oxidative stress, metabolic disturbance, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mortality. The biological internalization and impact of MNPs are influenced by the physicochemical properties of MNPs (e.g., particle size, polymer type, surface chemistry, and exposure concentrations) and the physiology of the species. MNPs can also affect the bioavailability of co-occurring intrinsic or extrinsic contaminants to terrestrial biota, but their specific role is under dispute. Finally, we underlined the current research gaps and proposed several priorities for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wang
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh T Ngoc Do
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Wang Z, Adu-Kumi S, Diamond ML, Guardans R, Harner T, Harte A, Kajiwara N, Klánová J, Liu J, Moreira EG, Muir DCG, Suzuki N, Pinas V, Seppälä T, Weber R, Yuan B. Enhancing Scientific Support for the Stockholm Convention's Implementation: An Analysis of Policy Needs for Scientific Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2936-2949. [PMID: 35167273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The Stockholm Convention is key to addressing the global threats of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to humanity and the environment. It has been successful in identifying new POPs, but its national implementation remains challenging, particularly by low- and middle-income Parties. Concerted action is needed to assist Parties in implementing the Convention's obligations. This analysis aims to identify and recommend research and scientific support needed for timely implementation of the Convention. We aim this analysis at scientists and experts from a variety of natural and social sciences and from all sectors (academia, civil society, industry, and government institutions), as well as research funding agencies. Further, we provide practical guidance to scientists and experts to promote the visibility and accessibility of their work for the Convention's implementation, followed by recommendations for sustaining scientific support to the Convention. This study is the first of a series on analyzing policy needs for scientific evidence under global governance on chemicals and waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyun Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sam Adu-Kumi
- Chemicals Control and Management Centre, Environmental Protection Agency, Ministries, P.O. Box MB 326, Accra GR, Ghana
| | - Miriam L Diamond
- Department of Earth Sciences and School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B1, Canada
| | - Ramon Guardans
- WEOG Region Representative for the Global Monitoring Plan of the Stockholm Convention on POPs, Adviser on POPs, Ministry for the Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge (MITECO), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tom Harner
- WEOG Region Representative for the Global Monitoring Plan of the Stockholm Convention on POPs, Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Agustín Harte
- National Chemicals and Hazardous Waste Directorate, Secretariat of Environmental Control and Monitoring, Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, San Martin 451, Autonomous City of Buenos Aires C1004AAI, Argentina
| | - Natsuko Kajiwara
- Material Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX Centre of Masaryk University, the Stockholm Convention Regional Centre for Capacity Building and the Transfer of Technology in Central and Eastern Europe, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jianguo Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Derek C G Muir
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Planning Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Victorine Pinas
- Institute for Graduate Studies and Research, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, P.O.B: 9212, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Timo Seppälä
- Finnish Environment Institute, Contaminants Unit, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, 73527, Schwäbisch Gmünd Germany
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Xu J, Zhang K, Wang L, Yao Y, Sun H. Strong but reversible sorption on polar microplastics enhanced earthworm bioaccumulation of associated organic compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127079. [PMID: 34488102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sorption/desorption of two organic compounds (OCs), phenanthrene (PHE), and 1-nitronaphthalene (1-Nnap) on three polar and one nonpolar polypropylene (PP) microplastics (MPs) and earthworm bioaccumulation of MP associated PHE were systematically studied. Poly-butylene succinate (PBS) with the lowest glass transition temperature (Tg) showed the highest sorption toward PHE and 1-Nnap (Kd: 25,639 ± 276 and 1673 ± 28.8 L kg-1, respectively), while polylactic acid (PLA) with the highest Tg showed the least sorption (182 ± 5 and near 0), confirming that hydrophobic partition was the main driving force of sorption. However, polar interactions also contributed to the preferential sorption of 1-Nnap on polar poly-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Moreover, small particle size favored the sorption of MPs and simulated weathering enhanced sorption on MPs with medium/high Tg. As for desorption, slight hysteresis was observed in most cases with near-zero hysteresis index (HI), and PHE generally had higher HI than 1-Nnap. The simulated digestive solution could further promote the desorption of PHE. The PHE concentrations in earthworms with the presence of 5% PBS or PP MPs in soil were 1.50-2.35 or 1.59-1.75 times that of the control without MPs; and PBS MPs with the smallest particle size showed the greatest enhancement. The results of this study confirmed that polar MPs could strongly but reversibly sorb both polar and nonpolar OCs and hence promote the bioaccumulation of OCs to soil organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory on Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory on Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory on Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory on Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory on Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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18
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Li B, Song W, Cheng Y, Zhang K, Tian H, Du Z, Wang J, Wang J, Zhang W, Zhu L. Ecotoxicological effects of different size ranges of industrial-grade polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics on earthworms Eisenia fetida. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:147007. [PMID: 33872900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microplastics (MPs) on terrestrial organisms remain poorly understood, even though soil is an important MPs sink. In this study, the earthworms Eisenia fetida were exposed to 0.25% (w/w) of industrial-grade high-density polyethylene (HDPE, 28-145, 133-415 and 400-1464 μm) and polypropylene (PP, 8-125, 71-383 and 761-1660 μm) MPs in an agricultural soil for 28 d. The results showed that HDPE and PP MPs with different size ranges can be ingested by E. fetida. Exposure to different size ranges of HDPE and PP MPs altered the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase and induced an increase in the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level in E. fetida, suggesting that MPs-induced oxidative stress occurred in E. fetida. A size and type-dependent toxicity of MPs to E. fetida was demonstrated by the integrated biological response index. In addition, to obtain detailed molecular information on the responses of E. fetida to MPs exposure, transcriptomic analysis was conducted for E. fetida from HDPE (28-145 μm) and PP (8-125 μm) treatment groups. Transcriptomic analysis identified 34,937 and 28,494 differentially expressed genes in the HDPE and PP MPs treatments compared with the control, respectively. And, exposure to HDPE and PP MPs significantly disturbed several pathways closely related to neurodegeneration, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in E. fetida. This study provides important information for the ecological risk assessment of different size ranges and types of industrial-grade MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Wenhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yali Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Kaihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Huimei Tian
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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19
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Bridson JH, Gaugler EC, Smith DA, Northcott GL, Gaw S. Leaching and extraction of additives from plastic pollution to inform environmental risk: A multidisciplinary review of analytical approaches. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125571. [PMID: 34030416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is prevalent worldwide and has been highlighted as an issue of global concern due to its harmful impacts on wildlife. The extent and mechanism by which plastic pollution effects organisms is poorly understood, especially for microplastics. One proposed mechanism by which plastics may exert a harmful effect is through the leaching of additives. To determine the risk to wildlife, the chemical identity and exposure to additives must be established. However, there are few reports with disparate experimental approaches. In contrast, a breadth of knowledge on additive release from plastics is held within the food, pharmaceutical and medical, construction, and waste management industries. This includes standardised methods to perform migration, extraction, and leaching studies. This review provides an overview of the approaches and methods used to characterise additives and their leaching behaviour from plastic pollution. The limitations of these methods are highlighted and compared with industry standardised approaches. Furthermore, an overview of the analytical strategies for the identification and quantification of additives is presented. This work provides a basis for refining current leaching approaches and analytical methods with a view towards understanding the risk of plastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Bridson
- Scion, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3010, New Zealand; School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
| | | | - Dawn A Smith
- Scion, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
| | - Grant L Northcott
- Northcott Research Consultants Limited, 20 River Oaks Place, Hamilton 3200, New Zealand
| | - Sally Gaw
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
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20
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Okoffo ED, O'Brien S, Ribeiro F, Burrows SD, Toapanta T, Rauert C, O'Brien JW, Tscharke BJ, Wang X, Thomas KV. Plastic particles in soil: state of the knowledge on sources, occurrence and distribution, analytical methods and ecological impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2021; 23:240-274. [PMID: 33514987 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increased production and use of plastics has resulted in growth in the amount of plastic debris accumulating in the environment, potentially fragmenting into smaller pieces. Fragments <5 mm are typically defined as microplastics, while fragments <0.1 μm are defined as nanoplastics. Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies have reported the occurrence and potential hazards of plastic particles in the aquatic environment. However, less is understood about plastic particles in the terrestrial environment and specifically how much plastic accumulates in soils, the possible sources, potential ecological impacts, interaction of plastic particles with the soil environment, and appropriate extraction and analytical techniques for assessing the above. In this review, a comprehensive overview and a critical perspective on the current state of knowledge on plastic pollution in the soil environment is provided: detailing known sources, occurrence and distribution, analytical techniques used for identification and quantification and the ecological impacts of particles on soil. In addition, knowledge gaps are identified along with suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis D Okoffo
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Stacey O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Francisca Ribeiro
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia. and College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, EX4 4QD, Exeter, UK
| | - Stephen D Burrows
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia. and College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, EX4 4QD, Exeter, UK
| | - Tania Toapanta
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Cassandra Rauert
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Jake W O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Benjamin J Tscharke
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Xianyu Wang
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
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21
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Cheng Y, Zhu L, Song W, Jiang C, Li B, Du Z, Wang J, Wang J, Li D, Zhang K. Combined effects of mulch film-derived microplastics and atrazine on oxidative stress and gene expression in earthworm (Eisenia fetida). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 746:141280. [PMID: 32745867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the wide use of mulch film and pesticides, mulch film-derived microplastics are very likely to produce combined effects with pesticides in agricultural soil. However, little is known about their combined toxicity on terrestrial organisms. This study aimed to investigate the combined toxicity of unused or farmland residual transparent low-density polyethylene mulch film-derived microplastics (MPs and MPs-aged, respectively) (550-1000 μm) and atrazine (ATZ; 0.02 and 2.0 mg/kg) on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida). After single and combined exposure to ATZ and microplastics for 28 d, the results showed an accumulation of reactive oxygen species, a decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase activities, an increase in the malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels, and abnormal expression of annetocin, heat shock protein 70, translationally controlled tumor protein and calreticulin genes. Integrated biological response (IBR) values calculated at the biochemical level indicated that the combined exposure to ATZ and microplastics, particularly to high concentrations of ATZ, induced greater oxidative stress in E. fetida compared with that of exposure to ATZ or microplastics alone. In addition, the IBR values calculated at the gene level did not show regular changes after combined exposure to ATZ and microplastics compared with those of a single exposure. The oxidative stress and abnormal expression of genes in E. fetida induced by MPs-aged were higher than those induced by MPs; a similar trend was observed for oxidative stress induced by MPs/MPs-aged + ATZ2.0, whereas an opposite trend was observed for the abnormal expression of genes in E. fetida induced by MPs/MPs-aged + ATZ0.02/ATZ2.0. Our results suggest that mulch film-derived microplastics have the potential to enhance the toxicity of ATZ within the soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Wenhui Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Chunying Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Dengtan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Kaihua Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Tai'an 271018, China
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22
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Tan Y, Yao J, Zhu H. Preparation of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber foam/SiO2 nanocomposite and its fatigue buffering performance. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2020.1799713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tan
- School of Packaging Design & Art, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Yao
- School of Packaging Design & Art, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Heping Zhu
- School of Packaging Design & Art, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
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23
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Wang F, Wang B, Qu H, Zhao W, Duan L, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Yu G. The influence of nanoplastics on the toxic effects, bioaccumulation, biodegradation and enantioselectivity of ibuprofen in freshwater algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114593. [PMID: 32315820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a pressing issue due to its persistence in the environment. Smaller plastics are more easily ingested, potentially exerting greater influences on organisms. In this study, the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (NP) on the toxic effects, bioaccumulation, biodegradation and enantioselectivity of ibuprofen (IBU) in algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa were explored. The influences on the growth rate, chlorophyll a, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were evaluated after 96 h of exposure to a combination of polystryene NP (1 mg L-1) and IBU (5-100 mg L-1). The results indicated that the inhibitory effect of IBU on C. pyrenoidosa growth was alleviated in the presence of NP. For instance, the 96 h-IC50 value for rac-IBU in the treatment lacking NP was 45.7 mg L-1, and the corresponding value in the treatment containing NP was 63.9 mg L-1. The co-exposure of NP led to a significant enhancement of T-AOC and slight reduction of ROS and MDA compared with the individual exposure (IBU) group, suggesting a decreased oxidative stress. In addition, treatment with NP led to a decreased bioaccumulation and accelerated biodegradation of IBU in C. pyrenoidosa and enhanced removal in the medium. The enantioselective toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradation of IBU were observed both in the absence and presence of NP. S-IBU exhibited a greater toxicity, and R-IBU was preferentially accumulated and degraded in C. pyrenoidosa. No interconversion of the two enantiomers occurred regardless of the presence of NP. This consequence implied that the influence of coexistent NP should be considered in the environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Building 16, 101 Business Park, No, 158 Jinfeng Road, New District, Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Han Qu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85712, United States
| | - Wenxing Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Lei Duan
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yitong Zhou
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Gang Yu
- School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Building 16, 101 Business Park, No, 158 Jinfeng Road, New District, Suzhou, 215163, China
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24
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Chen X, Ma X, Pan Y, Ji R, Gu X, Luo S, Bao L, Gu X. Dissipation, transformation and accumulation of triclosan in soil-earthworm system and effects of biosolids application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136563. [PMID: 31945521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), widely used as an antimicrobial ingredient, is usually introduced into soil by biosolids application, and has presented potential risk in agro-ecosystem. The dissipation pathways of TCS in soil were analyzed in the presence and absence of earthworms (including Metaphire guillelmi and Eisenia fetida). Meanwhile the accumulation and transformation potentials of TCS in the two earthworms were evaluated. Results indicated that about 44% of initial TCS amount dissipated in sterile soil after 56-day incubation, which may mainly result from the bound-residues formation. In contrast, TCS in non-sterile soil dissipated more quickly with a t1/2 of 12 days, suggesting that microbial degradation was responsible for TCS dissipation. Triclosan was methylated to methyl triclosan (MTCS) in soil, which however contributed little for TCS dissipation. The presence of M. guillelmi accelerated TCS dissipation with the reduced t1/2 to 8 days, and inhibited MTCS formation in soil, while E. fetida had no significant (P > 0.05) effects on the fate of TCS. E. fetida accumulated more TCS than M. guillelmi, with bioaccumulation factors up to 11 vs. 0.6. It was also proved that methylation metabolism occurred in earthworms (including gut microorganisms), and M. guillelmi had higher metabolic efficiency compared to E. fetida. Even though eliminations of TCS and MTCS were rapid (except for TCS in M. guillelmi), the residues of the two compounds in both earthworms remained at high levels, having the potential to transfer in the terrestrial food web. In addition, results showed that biosolids application changed TCS persistence, as well as bioavailability dependent on earthworm species. When biosolids at 1% added, more residual TCS and MTCS in soil were observed, while TCS accumulation in E. fetida decreased, however, methylation metabolism in both earthworm species was not affected. The findings provide important information for a more precise risk assessment of biosolids land-application. CAPSULE: Triclosan dissipation, methylation and bioavailability in soils were affected by biosolids amendment and dependent on earthworm species with different accumulation and metabolic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Xuan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Yanan Pan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shipeng Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China.
| | - Lijing Bao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Xuanning Gu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, 1801 Zhongwu Avenue, Changzhou 213001, China
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