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Liu Q, Jiang M, Lu X, Hong J, Sun Y, Yang C, Chen Y, Chai X, Tang H, Liu X. Prenatal triphenyl phosphate exposure impairs placentation and induces preeclampsia-like symptoms in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119159. [PMID: 38754605 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is an organophosphate flame retardant that is widely used in many commercial products. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has listed TPhP as a priority compound that requires health risk assessment. We previously found that TPhP could accumulate in the placentae of mice and impair birth outcomes by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the placental trophoblast. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we used a mouse intrauterine exposure model and found that TPhP induced preeclampsia (PE)-like symptoms, including new on-set gestational hypertension and proteinuria. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that during placentation, PPARγ was mainly expressed in the labyrinth layer and decidua of the placenta. TPhP significantly decreased placental implantation depth and impeded uterine spiral artery remodeling by activating PPARγ. The results of the in vitro experiments confirmed that TPhP inhibited extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell migration and invasion by activating PPARγ and inhibiting the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Overall, our data demonstrated that TPhP could activate PPARγ in EVT cells, inhibit cell migration and invasion, impede placental implantation and uterine spiral artery remodeling, then induce PE-like symptom and impair birth outcomes. Although the exposure doses used in this study was several orders of magnitude higher than human daily intake, our study highlights the placenta as a potential target organ of TPhP worthy of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengzhu Jiang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxun Lu
- School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiabin Hong
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingxing Chai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory for Development and Application of Experimental Animal Resources in Biomedical Industry, Laboratory Animal Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanwen Tang
- School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
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Bozec J, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Jouneau L, Prézelin A, Dahirel M, Richard C, Gelin V, Fournier N, Helies V, Joly T, El Fouikar S, Léandri R, Chavatte-Palmer P, Couturier-Tarrade A. Preconception and/or preimplantation exposure to a mixture of environmental contaminants altered fetoplacental development and placental function in a rabbit model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024:119829. [PMID: 39179140 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Pregnant women are daily exposed to environmental contaminants, including endocrine disruptors that can impact the offspring's health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal oral exposure to a mixture of contaminants at a dose mimicking women's exposure, during folliculogenesis and/or preimplantation period (FED and ED groups, respectively) on the fetoplacental phenotype in a rabbit model. The mixture (DEHP, pp'DDE, β-HCH, HCB, BDE-47, BPS, PFOS, PFOA) was defined based on data from HELIX and INMA cohorts. FED and ED females or unexposed females (control) were inseminated, their embryos were collected and transferred to unexposed control recipient rabbits at 80 hours post-insemination. The effects of maternal FED and ED exposure were evaluated on fetoplacental growth and development by ultrasound, fetoplacental biometry, fetal metabolism, placental structure and function. The results demonstrated that the mixture weakly affected ultrasound measurements, as only placental volume increased significantly in FED vs ED. Analysis of placental structure demonstrated that the volume fraction of the maternal blood space was increased in FED vs control. Pre- and/or periconception exposure did not affect biometric at the end of gestation, but affected FED fetal biochemistry. Plasma triglyceride concentration was reduced compared to control. However, total cholesterol, urea, ASAT and ALAT in fetal blood were affected in both exposed groups. Multiple factor analysis, including biometric, biochemical, and stereological datasets, indicated that the three groups were significantly different. Additionally, several placental genes were differentially expressed between groups, compared two by two, in a sex-specific manner, with more difference in females than in males. The differentially expressed genes were involved in lipid, cholesterol, and drug/xenobiotic metabolism in both sexes. These results indicate that maternal exposure to environmental contaminants during crucial developmental windows only mildly impaired fetoplacental development but disturbed fetal blood biochemistry and placental gene expression with potential long-term effects on offspring phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Bozec
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Audrey Prézelin
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Valérie Gelin
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- Lip(Sys)2 - EA 7357, Athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur l'efflux du cholestérol, Université Paris Saclay, UFR de Pharmacie, 91400, Orsay, France, Laboratoire de Biochimie, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Helies
- GenPhySE, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Thierry Joly
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UPSP Interaction cellule environnement, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France; Université de Lyon, ISARA-Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Sara El Fouikar
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Roger Léandri
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France; Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Hu Z, Wu N, An S, Deng M, Tao L, Liao D, Yu R, Yang J, Xiao Y, Zheng X, Zeng R, Liu Y, Xiong S, Xie Y, Liu X, Shen X, Shang X, Li Q, Zhou Y. Effect of combined exposure to phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during early pregnancy on gestational age and neonatal size: A prospective cohort study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 284:116868. [PMID: 39146592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have indicated that individual exposure to phthalates (PAEs) or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) affects pregnancy outcomes. However, combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs presents a more realistic situation, and research on the combined effects of PAEs and PAHs on gestational age and newborn size is still limited. This study aimed to assess the effects of combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on neonatal gestational age and birth size. Levels of 9 PAE and 10 PAH metabolites were measured from the urine samples of 1030 women during early pregnancy from the Zunyi Birth Cohort in China. Various statistical models, including linear regression, restricted cubic spline, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and quantile g-computation, were used to study the individual effects, dose-response relationships, and combined effects, respectively. The results of this prospective study revealed that each ten-fold increase in the concentration of monoethyl phthalate (MEP), 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNap), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPhe), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) decreased gestational age by 1.033 days (95 % CI: -1.748, -0.319), 0.647 days (95 % CI: -1.076, -0.219), 0.845 days (95 % CI: -1.430, -0.260), and 0.888 days (95 % CI: -1.398, -0.378), respectively. Moreover, when the concentrations of MEP, 2-OHNap, 2-OHPhe, and 1-OHPyr exceeded 0.528, 0.039, 0.012, and 0.002 µg/g Cr, respectively, gestational age decreased in a dose-response manner. Upon analyzing the selected PAE and PAH metabolites as a mixture, we found that they were significantly negatively associated with gestational age, birth weight, and the ponderal index, with 1-OHPyr being the most important contributor. These findings highlight the adverse effects of single and combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on gestational age. Therefore, future longitudinal cohort studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted across different geographic regions and ethnic groups to confirm the impact of combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmei Hu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Nian Wu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Songlin An
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Mingyu Deng
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Lin Tao
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Dengqing Liao
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Rui Yu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Yanling Xiao
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xingting Zheng
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Shimin Xiong
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Yan Xie
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xingyan Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xubo Shen
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Andrology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
| | - Yuanzhong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Ranjith D, Telang AG, Subhadra S, Kamothi DJ, Madhu CL, Kumar D. Chitosan-TPP encapsulated quercetin nanoparticles: amplified protection mechanisms unveiled against Ethion-induced developmental toxicity through comprehensive in-vivo and in-silico elucidation. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae074. [PMID: 38765239 PMCID: PMC11100355 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The study investigated Ethion-induced developmental toxicity in Wistar albino rats and the potential ameliorative effects of quercetin and nano-quercetin co-administration. Further, In-silico docking of Ethion and quercetin with MCL-1 was conducted. Methodology Quercetin nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic-gelation method. The encapsulated quercetin nanoparticles were characterized for Zeta size, UV-Vis spectroscopy, encapsulation efficiency, and TEM studies. Male rats were administered Ethion (high/low dose), quercetin, and nano-quercetin alone or in combination for 60 days. Female rats were introduced for mating on the 61st day, and pregnant females were observed for 20 gestational days. On GD 20, rats were sacrificed and evaluated for body/organ weight, reproductive indices, fetal morphology, skeletal, and visceral deformities.In silico binding energies of ethion and quercetin with MCL-1 were determined. Results Nanoparticle size was 363.2 ± 1.23 nm on day 0 and 385.63 ± 1.53 nm on day 60, with PDI of 0.247 and charge of 22.9 mV. Absorbance maxima were at 374 nm, with encapsulation efficacy of 85.16 ± 0.33%. EHD male crossed females showed decreased body/organ weights, reduced fertility, hematoma, cleft palate, tail curling, and absence of extremity. Nano-quercetin co-administration normalized parameters comparable to controls. Both Ethion and quercetin interacted with MCL-1, with quercetin exhibiting stronger binding energy. Conclusion Nano-quercetin demonstrated stronger antioxidant properties than quercetin, counteracting ethion-induced maternal/fetal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ranjith
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A G Telang
- Toxicology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandhya Subhadra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dhaval J Kamothi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - C L Madhu
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ali S, Ziyad A, Pai KSR, Muraleedharan A, Gopan A, Upadhya R, Seetharam RN, Manokaran K. Influence of Ascorbic Acid on Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate-induced Ovarian Gene Alterations in Pubertal Female Wistar Rats. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2024; 15:190-199. [DOI: 10.1177/0976500x241245481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer compound affecting female reproduction, leads to scenarios, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and infertility through oxidative stress (OS) mechanisms. Ascorbic acid (AA) is one of the antioxidants in infertility issues. Objectives The present study investigates the ameliorative effect of AA on DEHP-induced ovarian toxicity in pubertal female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods Thirty female Wistar rats of four weeks of age were stratified into five groups. Group I was treated with corn oil (Vehicle), groups II and III with low and high dose DEHP, and groups IV and V with low and high dose DEHP+AA were administered for 30 days. Results Increased body weight gain was noted in DEHP groups. Estradiol hormone was considerably reduced, whereas progesterone levels were increased in both low- and high-dose DEHP-treated groups. DEHP+AA groups have shown significant ( p < 0.005) protection of these hormone levels as equal to the control group. The high-dose DEHP group shows an increased, ovarian estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ER-beta, and progesterone receptor gene expression, and DEHP+AA groups have significantly ( p < 0.005) showed expression similar to the control. OS was noted with decreased superoxide dismutase and increased malondialdehyde expression in Group III (GR III) compared to control, whereas the DEHP+AA treated group significantly protected OS by restoring the expression levels. DEHP-treated groups show elevated levels of both Bcl-2 and BAX which is specific to apoptotic expression and restored by AA treatment ( p < 0.005). Conclusion Evidence suggests that AA may protect against DEHP-induced ovarian toxicity by decreasing OS levels, improving folliculogenesis, and restoring the hormonal with receptor level alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifana Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ahmed Ziyad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Karkala Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Anju Muraleedharan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Adhithya Gopan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Department of Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Department of Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Centre for Biotherapeutics Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalaivani Manokaran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Huang B, Zhang N, Wang J, Gao Y, Wu W, Jiang M, Han M. Maternal Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-Phthalate exposure during pregnancy altered energy metabolism in immature offspring and caused hyperglycemia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116494. [PMID: 38820878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP), as distinctive endocrine disrupting chemicals, has become a global environmental pollutant harmful to human and animal health. However, the impacts on offspring and mothers with maternal DEHP exposure are largely unknown and the mechanism remains elusive. We established DEHP-exposed maternal mice to investigate the impacts on mother and offspring and illustrate the mechanism from multiple perspectives. Pregnant mice were administered with different doses of DEHP, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing used fecal and transcriptome sequencing using placentas and livers from offspring have been performed, respectively. The results of the histopathology perspective demonstrated that DEHP exposure could disrupt the function of islets impact placentas and fetus development for maternal mice, and cause the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism for immature offspring mice, resulting in hyperglycemia. The results of the metagenome of gut microbial communities indicated that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in mother and offspring mice and the dominant phyla transformed through vertical transmission. Transcriptome analysis found DEHP exposure induced mutations of Ahcy and Gstp3, which can damage liver cells and affect the metabolism of the host. DEHP exposure harms pregnant mice and offspring by affecting gene expression and altering metabolism. Our results suggested that exposure of pregnant mice to DEHP during pregnancy and lactation increased the risk of metabolic disorders by altering key genes in liver and gut microbiota, and these results provided new insights into the potential long-term harms of DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yue Gao
- College of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wanxin Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Minmin Jiang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
| | - Maozhen Han
- College of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China.
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Nobles CJ, Mendola P, Kim K, Pollack AZ, Mumford SL, Perkins NJ, Silver RM, Schisterman EF. Preconception Phthalate Exposure and Women's Reproductive Health: Pregnancy, Pregnancy Loss, and Underlying Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:127013. [PMID: 38088888 PMCID: PMC10718297 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite the sensitivity of female reproductive processes to oxidation-reduction reaction stress and endocrine disruption, evidence for the impact of women's phthalate exposure on the ability to establish and maintain pregnancy has been inconclusive. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the relationship of preconception phthalate metabolite exposure with a) fecundability and pregnancy loss and b) markers of potential biological mechanisms, including reproductive hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress. METHODS Data were collected from the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction (EAGeR) trial, a preconception study following 1,228 women who were attempting pregnancy, for up to six menstrual cycles and throughout pregnancy if they became pregnant. Twenty phthalate metabolites were measured in a consecutive 3-d pooled urine sample at enrollment. Pregnancy was determined through urinary human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at the expected date of menses during each cycle and pregnancy loss as an observed loss following positive hCG. Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and isoprostanes were measured at enrollment, and reproductive hormones were measured during the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase. Discrete-time Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the relationship of phthalate metabolites with fecundability and weighted Poisson models with robust variance evaluated the risk of pregnancy loss. RESULTS An interquartile range (IQR) higher mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [fecundability odds ratio ( FOR ) = 0.88 ; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 1.00], mono-butyl phthalate (FOR = 0.82 ; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.96), and mono-benzyl phthalate (FOR = 0.85 ; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.98) was associated with lower fecundability. No consistent associations were observed with pregnancy loss. Preconception phthalates were consistently associated with higher hsCRP and isoprostanes, as well as lower estradiol and higher follicle-stimulating hormone across the menstrual cycle. DISCUSSION Women's preconception exposure to phthalates was associated with lower fecundability, changes in reproductive hormones, and increased inflammation and oxidative stress. The pre- and periconception periods may represent sensitive windows for intervening to limit the reproductive toxicity of phthalate exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12287.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J. Nobles
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Keewan Kim
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna Z. Pollack
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Sunni L. Mumford
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neil J. Perkins
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert M. Silver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Enrique F. Schisterman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Liu Y, Huo WB, Deng JY, Tang QP, Wang JX, Liao YL, Gou D, Pei DS. Neurotoxicity and the potential molecular mechanisms of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalic acid (MEHP) in zebrafish. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115516. [PMID: 37757626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalic acid (MEHP) is the most toxic metabolite of plasticizer di-2-ethylhexyl phthalic acid (DEHP), and there is limited information available on the effects of MEHP on neurotoxicity. This study aims to examine the neurotoxicity of MEHP and preliminarily explore its potential molecular mechanisms. We found that MEHP impeded the growth of zebrafish embryos and the neurodevelopmental-related gene expression at environmentally relevant concentrations. MEHP exposure also induces oxidative stress response and brain cell apoptosis accompanied by a decrease in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in zebrafish larvae. RNA-Seq and bioinformatics analysis showed that MEHP treatment altered the nervous system, neurogenic diseases, and visual perception pathways. The locomotor activity in dark-to-light cycles and phototaxis test confirmed the abnormal neural behavior of zebrafish larvae. Besides, the immune system has produced a large number of differentially expressed genes related to neural regulation. Inflammatory factor IL1β and IL-17 signaling pathways highly respond to MEHP, indicating that inflammation caused by immune system imbalance is a potential mechanism of MEHP-induced neurotoxicity. This study expands the understanding of the toxicity and molecular mechanisms of MEHP, providing a new perspective for in-depth neurotoxicity exploration of similar compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Liu
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wen-Bo Huo
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiao-Yun Deng
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qi-Ping Tang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jin-Xia Wang
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liao
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dongzhi Gou
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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9
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Basak S, Varma S, Duttaroy AK. Modulation of fetoplacental growth, development and reproductive function by endocrine disrupters. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1215353. [PMID: 37854189 PMCID: PMC10579913 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1215353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal endocrine homeostasis is vital to a successful pregnancy, regulated by several hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin, estrogen, leptin, glucocorticoid, insulin, prostaglandin, and others. Endocrine stress during pregnancy can modulate nutrient availability from mother to fetus, alter fetoplacental growth and reproductive functions. Endocrine disrupters such as bisphenols (BPs) and phthalates are exposed in our daily life's highest volume. Therefore, they are extensively scrutinized for their effects on metabolism, steroidogenesis, insulin signaling, and inflammation involving obesity, diabetes, and the reproductive system. BPs have their structural similarity to 17-β estradiol and their ability to bind as an agonist or antagonist to estrogen receptors to elicit an adverse response to the function of the endocrine and reproductive system. While adults can negate the adverse effects of these endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), fetuses do not equip themselves with enzymatic machinery to catabolize their conjugates. Therefore, EDC exposure makes the fetoplacental developmental window vulnerable to programming in utero. On the one hand prenatal BPs and phthalates exposure can impair the structure and function of the ovary and uterus, resulting in placental vascular defects, inappropriate placental expression of angiogenic growth factors due to altered hypothalamic response, expression of nutrient transporters, and epigenetic changes associated with maternal endocrine stress. On the other, their exposure during pregnancy can affect the offspring's metabolic, endocrine and reproductive functions by altering fetoplacental programming. This review highlights the latest development in maternal metabolic and endocrine modulations from exposure to estrogenic mimic chemicals on subcellular and transgenerational changes in placental development and its effects on fetal growth, size, and metabolic & reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saikanth Varma
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Zhang H, Zha X, Zheng Y, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Wang H, Jiang H, Wang M. Mechanisms underlying the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the placental injury and fetal growth restriction in an ovine gestation model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:117. [PMID: 37691111 PMCID: PMC10494380 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental pollutant known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, during gestation has been reported to increase the risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in an ovine model of pregnancy. We hypothesized that the FGR results from the BPA-induced insufficiency and barrier dysfunction of the placenta, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). However, precise mechanisms underlying the BPA-induced placental dysfunction, and subsequently, FGR, as well as the potential involvement of placental ERS in these complications, remain to be investigated. METHODS In vivo experiment, 16 twin-pregnant (from d 40 to 130 of gestation) Hu ewes were randomly distributed into two groups (8 ewes each). One group served as a control and received corn oil once a day, whereas the other group received BPA (5 mg/kg/d as a subcutaneous injection). In vitro study, ovine trophoblast cells (OTCs) were exposed to 4 treatments, 6 replicates each. The OTCs were treated with 400 μmol/L BPA, 400 μmol/L BPA + 0.5 μg/mL tunicamycin (Tm; ERS activator), 400 μmol/L BPA + 1 μmol/L 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA; ERS antagonist) and DMEM/F12 complete medium (control), for 24 h. RESULTS In vivo experiments, pregnant Hu ewes receiving the BPA from 40 to 130 days of pregnancy experienced a decrease in placental efficiency, progesterone (P4) level and fetal weight, and an increase in placental estrogen (E2) level, together with barrier dysfunctions, OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy and ERS in type A cotyledons. In vitro experiment, the OTCs exposed to BPA for 24 h showed an increase in the E2 level and related protein and gene expressions of autophagy, ERS, pro-apoptosis and inflammatory response, and a decrease in the P4 level and the related protein and gene expressions of antioxidant, anti-apoptosis and barrier function. Moreover, treating the OTCs with Tm aggravated BPA-induced dysfunction of barrier and endocrine (the increased E2 level and decreased P4 level), OS, inflammatory responses, autophagy, and ERS. However, treating the OTCs with 4-PBA reversed the counteracted effects of Tm mentioned above. CONCLUSIONS In general, the results reveal that BPA exposure can cause ERS in the ovine placenta and OTCs, and ERS induction might aggravate BPA-induced dysfunction of the placental barrier and endocrine, OS, inflammatory responses, and autophagy. These data offer novel mechanistic insights into whether ERS is involved in BPA-mediated placental dysfunction and fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zha
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, 51240, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, KafrelSheikh, Egypt
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Honghua Jiang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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11
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Kruger L, Lapehn S, Paquette A, Singh DK, MacDonald J, Bammler TK, Enquobahrie DA, Zhao Q, Mozhui K, Sathyanarayana S, Prasad B. Characterization of Xenobiotic and Steroid Disposition Potential of Human Placental Tissue and Cell Lines (BeWo, JEG-3, JAR, and HTR-8/SVneo) by Quantitative Proteomics. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1053-1063. [PMID: 37164652 PMCID: PMC10353074 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a fetal organ that performs critical functions to maintain pregnancy and support fetal development, including metabolism and transport of xenobiotics and steroids between the maternal-fetal unit. In vitro placenta models are used to study xenobiotic and steroid disposition, but how well these models recapitulate the human placenta is not well understood. We first characterized the abundance of proteins involved in xenobiotic and steroid disposition in human placental tissue. In pooled human placenta, the following xenobiotic and steroid disposition proteins were detected (highest to lowest), 1) enzymes: glutathione S-transferase P, carbonyl reductase 1, aldo-keto reductase 1B1, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD3B1 and HSD11B1), aromatase, epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1) and steryl-sulfatase, and 2) transporters: monocarboxylate transporters (MCT1 and 4), organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1, organic anion transporter 4, and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Then, the tissue proteomics data were compared with four placental cell lines (BeWo, JEG-3, JAR, and HTR-8/SVneo). The differential global proteomics analysis revealed that the tissue and cell lines shared 1420 cytosolic and 1186 membrane proteins. Although extravillous trophoblast and cytotrophoblast marker proteins were detected in all cell lines, only BeWo and JEG-3 cells expressed the syncytiotrophoblast marker, chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1. BeWo and JEG-3 cells expressed most target proteins including aromatase, HSDs, EPHX1, MCT1, and BCRP. JEG-3 cells treated with commonly detected phthalates in human biofluids showed dysregulation of steroid pathways. The data presented here show that BeWo and JEG-3 cells are closer to the placental tissue for studying xenobiotic and steroid disposition. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This is the first study to compare proteomics data of human placental tissue and cell lines (BeWo, JAR, JEG-3, and HTR-8/SVneo). The placental cell line and tissue proteomes are vastly different, but BeWo and JEG-3 cells showed greater resemblance to the tissue in the expression of xenobiotic and steroid disposition proteins. These data will assist researchers to select an optimum cell model for mechanistic investigations on xenobiotic and steroid disposition in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laken Kruger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Samantha Lapehn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Alison Paquette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Dilip Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Theo K Bammler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Daniel A Enquobahrie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington (L.K., D.K.S., B.P.); Centers for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine (S.L., A.P.) and Child Health, Behavior and Development (S.S.), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Departments of Pediatrics (A.P., S.S.), Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences (J.M., T.K.B., S.S.), and Epidemiology (D.A.E.), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; and Department of Preventative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee (K.M., Q.Z.)
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12
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Hong Y, Ning X, Liang YY, Li XL, Cui Y, Wu W, Cai Y, Zhao S, Zhu M, Zhong TX, Wang H, Xu DX, Xu T, Zhao LL. Colonic mechanism of serum NAD + depletion induced by DEHP during pregnancy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162188. [PMID: 36781136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride products such as feed piping, packing bag, and medical consumable. Our previous studies have demonstrated that DEHP exposure reduced the concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in pregnant mice serum, which cuts off the source of NAD+ to placenta and results fetal growth restriction. However, the mechanism of serum NAD+ depletion by DEHP remains elusive. This study investigated the intestinal mechanism of NAD+ shortage-induced by DEHP in pregnant mice. The transcriptome results implicated that the mRNA level of oxidative response genes Cyp1a1, Gsto2, Trpv1 and Trpv3 were upregulated in colon. These changes induced intestinal inflammation. Transmission Electron Microscopy results displayed that DEHP destroyed the tight junctions and cell polarity of colonic epithelial cells. These dysfunctions diminished the expression of NAD+ precursor transporters SLC12A8, SLC5A8, SLC7A5, and the NAD+ biosynthetic key enzymes NAMPT, NMNAT1-3, and TDO2 in colonic epithelial cells. Analysis of the gut microbiota showed that DEHP led to the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, reducing the relative abundance of Prevotella copri which possesses the VB3 biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, maternal DEHP exposure during pregnancy decreased the transportation of NAD+ precursors from enteric cavity to colonic epithelial cells, and inhibited the synthesis of NAD+ in colonic epithelial cells. Meanwhile, DEHP reduced the NAD+ precursors provided by gut microbiota. Eventually, serum NAD+ content was lowered. Taken together, our findings provide a new insight for understanding the intestinal mechanisms by which DEHP affects serum NAD+ levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xia Ning
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yue-Yue Liang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ya Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yang Cai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Tian-Xiao Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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13
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Lapehn S, Houghtaling S, Ahuna K, Kadam L, MacDonald JW, Bammler TK, LeWinn KZ, Myatt L, Sathyanarayana S, Paquette AG. Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces transcriptomic changes in placental cells based on concentration, fetal sex, and trophoblast cell type. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:831-847. [PMID: 36695872 PMCID: PMC9968694 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous plasticizer chemicals found in consumer products. Exposure to phthalates during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and differences in placental gene expression in human studies. The objective of this research was to evaluate global changes in placental gene expression via RNA sequencing in two placental cell models following exposure to the phthalate metabolite mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP). HTR-8/SVneo and primary syncytiotrophoblast cells were exposed to three concentrations (1, 90, 180 µM) of MEHP for 24 h with DMSO (0.1%) as a vehicle control. mRNA and lncRNAs were quantified using paired-end RNA sequencing, followed by identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), significant KEGG pathways, and enriched transcription factors (TFs). MEHP caused gene expression changes across all concentrations for HTR-8/SVneo and primary syncytiotrophoblast cells. Sex-stratified analysis of primary cells identified different patterns of sensitivity in response to MEHP dose by sex, with male placentas being more responsive to MEHP exposure. Pathway analysis identified 11 KEGG pathways significantly associated with at least one concentration in both cell types. Four ligand-inducible nuclear hormone TFs (PPARG, PPARD, ESR1, AR) were enriched in at least three treatment groups. Overall, we demonstrated that MEHP differentially affects placental gene expression based on concentration, fetal sex, and trophoblast cell type. This study confirms prior studies, as enrichment of nuclear hormone receptor TFs were concordant with previously published mechanisms of phthalate disruption, and generates new hypotheses, as we identified many pathways and genes not previously linked to phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lapehn
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900 9th Ave, Jack R. MacDonald Building, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Scott Houghtaling
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900 9th Ave, Jack R. MacDonald Building, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Kylia Ahuna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Leena Kadam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - James W. MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Theo K. Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Kaja Z. LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | - Alison G. Paquette
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, 1900 9th Ave, Jack R. MacDonald Building, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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14
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Wang JX, Zhao Y, Chen MS, Zhang H, Cui JG, Li JL. Heme-oxygenase-1 as a target for phthalate-induced cardiomyocytes ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120717. [PMID: 36423886 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates as a large group of environmental pollutants are used primarily as plasticizers and solvents, which have become a growing problem worldwide. Epidemiological results show that severity of heart disease is related to degree of environmental contamination. As the most usually used phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has toxic effects on organism health and is also a major cause of heart damage. Ingestion of food, liquid, or dust contaminated with DEHP are major routes of exposure. The purpose of the present research was to determine the mechanism of cardiotoxicity in mice after exposure to DEHP. Here, male mice were treated by gavage with three different doses of (50, 200 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) DEHP for 28 days. Our research showed that DEHP brought about histopathological changes involving cardiomyocyte lysis and rupture, and ultrastructural damage such as dissolution and loss of mitochondrial cristae. Furthermore, DEHP induced oxidative stress and a significant decline in the antioxidant function, which activates nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme-oxygense-1 (HO-1) signaling pathways. Interestingly, DEHP resulted in lipid peroxidation and increased ferrous ion content, suggesting that ferroptosis occurred in mouse hearts. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that DEHP could induce cardiac ferroptosis via upregulation of HO-1. The present study provides novel evidence of HO-1 as a target for DEHP-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ming-Shan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jia-Gen Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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15
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Fang Y, Chen Z, Chen J, Zhou M, Chen Y, Cao R, Liu C, Zhao K, Wang M, Zhang H. Dose-response mapping of MEHP exposure with metabolic changes of trophoblast cell and determination of sensitive markers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158924. [PMID: 36152845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is a metabolite of DEHP which is one of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) widely used in daily necessities. Moreover, MEHP has been proven to have stronger biological toxicity comparing to DEHP. In particular, several recent population-based studies have reported that intrauterine exposure to MEHP results in adverse pregnancy outcomes. To explore the mechanisms and metabolic biomarkers of MEHP exposure, we examined the metabolic status of HTR-8/Svneo cell lines exposed to different doses of MEHP (0, 1.25, 5.0, 20 μM). Global and dose-response metabolomics tools were used to identify metabolic perturbations and sensitive markers associated with MEHP. Only 22 metabolic features (accounted for <1 %) were significantly changed when exposed to 1.25 μM. However, when the exposure dose was increased to 5 or 20 μM, the number of significantly changed metabolic features exceeded 300 (approximately 10 %). In particular, amino acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and glutathione metabolism were widely affected according to the enrich analysis of those significant altered metabolites, which has and have previously been reported to be closely related to fetal development. Moreover, 5'-UMP and N-acetylputrescine with the lowest effective concentrations (EC-10 = 0.1 μM and EC+10 = 0.11 μM, respectively) were identified as sensitive endogenous biomarkers of MEHP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Fang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan 430015, PR China
| | - Jinyu Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Minqi Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Yuanyao Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Rong Cao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Wuhan 430015, PR China.
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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16
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Ni W, Gao H, Wu B, Zhao J, Sun J, Song Y, Sun Y, Yang H. Gestational Exposure to Cyfluthrin through Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Mediated PERK Signaling Pathway Impairs Placental Development. TOXICS 2022; 10:733. [PMID: 36548566 PMCID: PMC9783295 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyfluthrin, a typical type II pyrethroid pesticide, is widely used in house hygiene and agricultural pest control. Several epidemiological investigations have found that maternal pyrethroid exposure is connected to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Thus, we evaluated the effect of cyfluthrin exposure during pregnancy on placenta development in vivo. In the current study, Pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg body weight cyfluthrin or an equivalent volume of corn oil by gavage from GD0 to GD19. The results have shown that gestational exposure to cyfluthrin exerted no effect on the fetal birth defect, survival to PND4, or fetal resorption and death. However, live fetuses and implantation sites significantly decreased in the high-dose cyfluthrin-treated group. Moreover, a significant reduction in placenta weight and diameter was observed in rats. Correspondingly, the fetal weight and crown-rump length from dams exposed to cyfluthrin were reduced. Cyfluthrin-treat groups, the total area of the placenta, spongiotrophoblast area, and labyrinth area had abnormal changes. Meanwhile, the area of blood sinusoid and CD34-positive blood vessel numbers in the placenta were considerably reduced, as well as abnormal expression of placental pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in dams exposed to cyfluthrin. Further observation by transmission electron microscopy revealed significant changes in the ultrastructure of the medium-dose and high-dose groups. Additional experiments showed gestational exposure to cyfluthrin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of placentas, as decreased PCNA-positive cells and increased TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, western blot and qPCR analysis revealed that gestational exposure to medium-dose and high-dose cyfluthrin increased the expression of GRP78, and three downstream mRNA and proteins (p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP) of the PERK signaling, indicating that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway in rat placentas was activated. Our study demonstrated that gestational exposure to cyfluthrin leads to placental developmental disorder, which might be associated with ER stress-mediated PERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Ni
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Haoxuan Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Bing Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yanan Song
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yiping Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
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17
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Wen ZJ, Wang ZY, Zhang YF. Adverse cardiovascular effects and potential molecular mechanisms of DEHP and its metabolites-A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157443. [PMID: 35868369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a health hazard that is associated with progressive deterioration upon exposure to environmental pollutants. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been one of the focuses of emerging concern due to its ubiquitous nature and its toxicity to the cardiovascular (CV) system. DEHP has been noted as a causative risk factor or a risk indicator for the initiation and augment of CVDs. DEHP represents a precursor that contributes to the pathogenesis of CVDs through its active metabolites, which mainly include mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP). Herein, we systematically presented the association between DEHP and its metabolites and adverse CV outcomes and discussed the corresponding effects, underlying mechanisms and possibly interventions. Epidemiological and experimental evidence has suggested that DEHP and its metabolites have significant impacts on processes and factors involved in CVD, such as cardiac developmental toxicity, cardiac injury and apoptosis, cardiac arrhythmogenesis, cardiac metabolic disorders, vascular structural damage, atherogenesis, coronary heart disease and hypertension. DNA methylation, PPAR-related pathways, oxidative stress and inflammation, Ca2+ homeostasis disturbance may pinpoint the relevant mechanisms. The preventive and therapeutic measures are potentially related with P-glycoprotein, heat-shock proteins, some antioxidants, curcumin, apigenin, β-thujaplicin, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and Ang-converting enzyme inhibitors and so on. Promisingly, future investigations should aid in thoroughly assessing the causal relationship and molecular interactions between CVD and DEHP and its metabolites and explore feasible prevention and treatment measures accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Jin Wen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yin-Feng Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
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18
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Kruger L, Yue G, Mettu VS, Paquette A, Sathyanarayana S, Prasad B. Differential proteomics analysis of JEG-3 and JAR placental cell models and the effect of androgen treatment. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 222:106138. [PMID: 35690242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The placenta is a vital fetal organ that plays an important role in maintaining fetal sex hormone homeostasis. Xenobiotics can alter placental sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters, including enzymes such as aromatase (CYP19A1) and the hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs) but studying how compounds disrupt in vivo placental metabolism is complex. Utilizing high-throughput in vitro models is critical to predict the disruption of placental sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters, particularly by drug candidates in the early stages of drug discovery. JAR and JEG-3 cells are the most common, simple, and cost-effective placental cell models that are capable of high-throughput screening, but how well they express the sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters is not well known. Here, we compared the proteomes of JAR and JEG-3 cells in the presence and absence of physiologically relevant concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 8 µM) and testosterone (15 nM) to aid the characterization of sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters in these cell models. Global proteomics analysis detected 2931 and 3449 proteins in JAR cells and JEG-3 cells, respectively. However, dramatic differences in sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters were observed between these cells. In particular, the basal expression of steroid sulfatase (STS), HSD17B1, and HSD17B7 were unique to JEG-3 cells. JEG-3 cells also showed significantly higher protein levels of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1A1 and AKR1B1, while JAR cells showed significantly higher levels of HSD17B4 and HSDB12. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 3A2 and HSD17B11 enzymes as well as the transporters sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT) 1 and ATP binding cassette subfamily G2 (ABCG2) were comparable between the cell lines, whereas sulfotransferases (SULTs) were uniquely present within JAR cells. Androgen treatments significantly lowered HSD17B11, HSD17B4, HSD17B12, and ALDH3A2 levels in JAR cells. DHEA treatment significantly raised the level of HSD17B1 by 51 % in JEG-3 cells, whereas CYP19A1 was increased to significant levels in both JAR and JEG-3 cells after androgen treatments. The proteomics data were supported by a complementary targeted metabolomics analysis of culture media in the DHEA (8 µM) and testosterone (15 nM) treated groups. This study has indicated that untreated JEG-3 cells express more sex-steroidogenic enzymes and transporters. Nevertheless, JEG-3 and JAR cells are unique and their respective proteomics data can be used to select the best model depending on the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laken Kruger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Guihua Yue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Vijaya Saradhi Mettu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Alison Paquette
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bhagwat Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
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19
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Seymore TN, Rivera-Núñez Z, Stapleton PA, Adibi JJ, Barrett ES. Phthalate Exposures and Placental Health in Animal Models and Humans: A Systematic Review. Toxicol Sci 2022; 188:153-179. [PMID: 35686923 PMCID: PMC9333406 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous compounds known to leach from the plastic products that contain them. Due to their endocrine-disrupting properties, a wide range of studies have elucidated their effects on reproduction, metabolism, neurodevelopment, and growth. Additionally, their impacts during pregnancy and on the developing fetus have been extensively studied. Most recently, there has been interest in the impacts of phthalates on the placenta, a transient major endocrine organ critical to maintenance of the uterine environment and fetal development. Phthalate-induced changes in placental structure and function may have significant impacts on the course of pregnancy and ultimately, child health. Prior reviews have described the literature on phthalates and placental health; however to date, there has been no comprehensive, systematic review on this topic. Here, we review 35 papers (24 human and 11 animal studies) and summarize phthalate exposures in relation to an extensive set of placental measures. Phthalate-related alterations were reported for placental morphology, hormone production, vascularization, histopathology, and gene/protein expression. The most consistent changes were observed in vascular and morphologic endpoints, including cell composition. These changes have implications for pregnancy complications such as preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction as well as potential ramifications for children's health. This comprehensive review of the literature, including common sources of bias, will inform the future work in this rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia N Seymore
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Zorimar Rivera-Núñez
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Phoebe A Stapleton
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Jennifer J Adibi
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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20
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Cathey AL, Aung MT, Watkins DJ, Rosario ZY, Vélez Vega CM, Alshawabkeh AN, Cordero JF, Mukherjee B, Meeker JD. Mediation by hormone concentrations on the associations between repeated measures of phthalate mixture exposure and timing of delivery. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:374-383. [PMID: 34987188 PMCID: PMC9124667 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are used in the manufacturing of consumer products, resulting in ubiquitous human exposure to phthalate mixtures. Previous work has suggested that phthalates display endocrine-disrupting capabilities, and exposure is associated with early delivery. OBJECTIVE To assess mediating effects of hormone concentrations on associations between phthalate mixtures and preterm birth (PTB). METHODS Repeated urinary phthalates and serum hormones were measured among 1011 women in the PROTECT Puerto Rico birth cohort from 2011-2019. We utilized ridge regression to create phthalate environmental risk scores (ERS), which represent weighted summaries of total phthalate exposure. Mediation analyses were conducted on a subset of 705 women. We additionally conducted fetal sex-specific analyses. RESULTS Free thyroxine (FT4) mediated 9.6% of the association between high molecular weight (HMW) ERS at 18 weeks and reduced gestational age at delivery (95%CI:1.07-29.9). Progesterone at 26 weeks mediated 21.1% and 16.2% of the association between HMW ERS at 18 and 22 weeks, and spontaneous PTB, respectively. Among male fetuses, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) at 18 weeks mediated 28.2% of the association between low molecular weight ERS and spontaneous PTB. SIGNIFICANCE We provide introductory evidence of hormone disruption on the causal pathway between phthalate exposure and early delivery. We also show differences by fetal sex, but larger sample size is necessary to validate our findings. IMPACT STATEMENT This study provides introductory evidence that an alteration of hormone concentrations occurs on the causal pathway between gestational phthalate mixture exposure and subsequent PTB. In addition to the novel application of repeated biomarker measurements and mixtures methods in causal mediation analyses, we also explored differences between classes of phthalate compounds and between fetal sexes. We show that differential endocrine pathways may be disrupted with exposures to low versus HMW phthalate compounds, and that pregnancies with a male fetus may be more susceptible to endocrine disruption than those with a female fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber L Cathey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Max T Aung
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Deborah J Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zaira Y Rosario
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Carmen M Vélez Vega
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - José F Cordero
- College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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21
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Bianchi L, Casini S, Vantaggiato L, Di Noi A, Carleo A, Shaba E, Armini A, Bellucci F, Furii G, Bini L, Caliani I. A Novel Ex Vivo Approach Based on Proteomics and Biomarkers to Evaluate the Effects of Chrysene, MEHP, and PBDE-47 on Loggerhead Sea Turtles ( Caretta caretta). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074369. [PMID: 35410049 PMCID: PMC8998652 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The principal aim of the present study was to develop and apply novel ex vivo tests as an alternative to cell cultures able to evaluate the possible effects of emerging and legacy contaminants in Caretta caretta. To this end, we performed ex vivo experiments on non-invasively collected whole-blood and skin-biopsy slices treated with chrysene, MEHP, or PBDE-47. Blood samples were tested by oxidative stress (TAS), immune system (respiratory burst, lysozyme, and complement system), and genotoxicity (ENA assay) biomarkers, and genotoxic and immune system effects were observed. Skin slices were analyzed by applying a 2D-PAGE/MS proteomic approach, and specific contaminant signatures were delineated on the skin proteomic profile. These reflect biochemical effects induced by each treatment and allowed to identify glutathione S-transferase P, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, mimecan, and protein S100-A6 as potential biomarkers of the health-threatening impact the texted toxicants have on C. caretta. Obtained results confirm the suitability of the ex vivo system and indicate the potential risk the loggerhead sea turtle is undergoing in the natural environment. In conclusion, this work proved the relevance that the applied ex vivo models may have in testing the toxicity of other compounds and mixtures and in biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bianchi
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (L.V.); (E.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (F.B.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lorenza Vantaggiato
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (L.V.); (E.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Carleo
- Department of Pulmonology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Enxhi Shaba
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (L.V.); (E.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Alessandro Armini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bellucci
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (F.B.); (I.C.)
| | - Giovanni Furii
- Centro Recupero Tartarughe Marine Legambiente, Molo di Ponente, 71043 Manfredonia, Italy;
| | - Luca Bini
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via A. Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.B.); (L.V.); (E.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy; (F.B.); (I.C.)
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Zhao Y, Fan K, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Cai J, Jin L. Gestational exposure to BDE-209 induces placental injury via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113307. [PMID: 35182797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have reported significant associations between prenatal polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Placental injury is thought to mediate these associations. However, few study has investigated the adverse effects of PBDEs exposure on placental growth and development. We examined the impacts of gestational exposure to BDE-209, the most abundant PBDE conger detected in human samples, on placental structure and function, and its model of action in vivo and in vitro. Pregnant mice were exposed to 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg/day of BDE-209 by gavages from gestational day (GD) 0 to GD18. Results showed that gestational BDE-209 exposure significantly reduced placental weight, impaired placental vascular development and induced placental cell apoptosis. In addition, gestational BDE-209 exposure impaired placental transport and endocrine function as demonstrated by markedly downregulated expression of Glut1, Znt1, Pgf and Igf2 in BDE-209-treated placentas. Mechanistically, gestational exposure to BDE-209 upregulated the expression of GRP78, and 3 downstream proteins (p-eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP) of the PERK signaling, suggesting the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and PERK signaling pathway in mouse placentas. Further in vitro study showed that PERK siRNA pretreatment markedly reversed BDE-209-induced cell apoptosis in human JEG-3 cells. Collectively, our results suggest that the activation of the ER stress-mediated PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway played a role in BDE-209-induced placental injury. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of BDE-209 induced reproductive and developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kechen Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Songjiang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbo Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Basso CG, de Araujo-Ramos AT, Martino-Andrade AJ. Exposure to phthalates and female reproductive health: a literature review. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 109:61-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Xiong YW, Feng YJ, Wei T, Zhang X, Tan LL, Zhang J, Dai LM, Zhu HL, Zhou GX, Liu WB, Liu ZQ, Xu XF, Gao L, Zhang C, Wang Q, Xu DX, Wang H. miR-6769b-5p targets CCND-1 to regulate proliferation in cadmium-treated placental trophoblasts: Association with the impairment of fetal growth. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113109. [PMID: 34953275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental cadmium (Cd) is positively associated with placental impairment and fetal growth retardation. Nevertheless, its potential mechanisms remain unclear. microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to influence placental development and fetal growth. This work was aimed to determine which miRNAs are involved in Cd-impaired placental and fetal development based on the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles analysis. As a result, gestational Cd exposure deceased fetal and placental weight, and reduced the protein level of PCNA in human and mouse placentae. Furthermore, the results of mRNA microarray showed that Cd-downregulated mRNAs were predictively correlated with several biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and motility. In addition, the results of miRNA microarray and qPCR assay demonstrated that Cd significantly increased the level of miR-6769b-5p, miR-146b-5p and miR-452-5p. Integrated analysis of Cd-upregulated miRNAs predicted target genes and Cd-downregulated mRNAs found that overlapping mRNAs, such as CCND1, CDK13, RINT1 and CDC26 were also significantly associated with cell proliferation. Further experiments showed that miR-6769b-5p inhibitor, but not miR-146b-5p and miR-452-5p, markedly reversed Cd-downregulated the expression of proliferation-related mRNAs, and thereby restored Cd-decreased the proteins level of CCND1 and PCNA in human placental trophoblasts. Dual luciferase reporter assay further revealed that miR-6769b-5p directly targets CCND1. Finally, the case-control study demonstrated that increased miR-6769b-5p level and impaired cell proliferation were observed in small-for-gestational-age human placentae. In conclusion, miR-6769b-5p targets CCND-1 to regulate proliferation in Cd-treated placental trophoblasts, which is associated with the impairment of fetal growth. Our findings imply that placental miR-6769b-5p may be used as an epigenetic marker for environmental pollutants-caused fetal growth restriction and its late-onset chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Yu-Jie Feng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Tian Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Lu-Lu Tan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Li-Min Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Zi-Qi Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
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25
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Sun CC, Zhao S, Chu LL, Zhang SY, Li YL, Sun MF, Wang QN, Huang Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Gao L, Xu DX, Zhang SC, Xu T, Zhao LL. Di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate disrupts placental growth in a dual blocking mode. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126815. [PMID: 34396966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer. Maternal DEHP exposure inhibits cell proliferation and reduces placentas size, which associates with fetal growth restriction and adulthood diseases. However, the mechanism of placental cell proliferation inhibition by DEHP remains elusive. This study investigated the effect of DEHP on placental cell proliferation from cell cycle arrest. Utilizing in vitro and in vivo experiments, we investigated cell cycle arrest, DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, genotoxic stress response, and micronuclei formation. Most DEHP metabolizes to mono (2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and distributes to organs quickly, so MEHP and DEHP were used in cultured cell and animal experiments, respectively. Here, a double blocking mode for the proliferation inhibition of the placental cell was revealed. One is that the classical DSB repair pathways were suppressed, which arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. The other is that DEHP stimulated an elevated level of progesterone, which blocked the cell cycle at metaphase by disrupting chromosome arrangement. These two sets of events facilitated micronuclei formation and resulted in cell proliferation inhibition. This findings provide a novel mechanistic understanding for DEHP to inhibit placental cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; Tongxiang Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongxiang 314500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ling-Luo Chu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Shan-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yan-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mei-Fang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qu-Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shi-Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Ling-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes/Department of Toxicology/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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26
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Zhou Q, Chen J, Zhang J, Zhou F, Zhao J, Wei X, Zheng K, Wu J, Li B, Pan B. Toxicity and endocrine-disrupting potential of PM 2.5: Association with particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters, and heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118349. [PMID: 34653588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of fine atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) are closely associated with particulate chemicals. In this study, PM2.5 samples were collected from highway and industry sites in Hangzhou, China, during the autumn and winter, and their cytotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity and endocrine-disrupting potential (EDP) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo; the particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters (PAEs), and heavy metals were then characterized. The toxicological results suggested that the PM2.5 from highway site induced higher cytotoxicity (cell viability inhibition, intracellular oxidative stress, and cell membrane injury) and pulmonary toxicity (inflammatory response (IR) and oxidative stress (OS)) than the samples from industry site, while the PM2.5 from industry site exhibited higher EDP (estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity). The cytotoxicity and pulmonary toxicity of PM2.5 in the winter were higher than those in the autumn, while no seasonal difference in the endocrine-disrupting potential was observed (p > 0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis between the biological effects and particulate chemicals revealed that the PM2.5-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress were closely associated with the particulate PAHs and heavy metals (Pearson correlation coefficients: rIR, PAHs = 0.822-0.988, rIR, heavy metals = 0.895-0.971, rOS, PAHs = 0.843-0.986, and rOS, heavy metals = 0.887-0.933), while particulate di (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) substantially contributed to the EDP of PM2.5 (rEDP, DEHP = 0.981). This study indicated that the toxicity and EDP of PM2.5 could vary with the surrounding environment and season, which was closely associated with the variations of particulate chemicals. Further studies are needed to clarify the associations between the harmful effects of PM2.5 and other contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Zhou
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Chen
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Departments of TCM Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhen Wei
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyun Zheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Ecology and Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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27
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Luan H, Zhao H, Li J, Zhou Y, Fang J, Liu H, Li Y, Xia W, Xu S, Cai Z. Machine Learning for Investigation on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals with Gestational Age and Delivery Time in a Longitudinal Cohort. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9873135. [PMID: 34755115 PMCID: PMC8548981 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9873135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widespread environmental chemicals that are often considered as risk factors with weak activity on the hormone-dependent process of pregnancy. However, the adverse effects of EDCs in the body of pregnant women were underestimated. The interaction between dynamic concentration of EDCs and endogenous hormones (EHs) on gestational age and delivery time remains unclear. To define a temporal interaction between the EDCs and EHs during pregnancy, comprehensive, unbiased, and quantitative analyses of 33 EDCs and 14 EHs were performed for a longitudinal cohort with 2317 pregnant women. We developed a machine learning model with the dynamic concentration information of EDCs and EHs to predict gestational age with high accuracy in the longitudinal cohort of pregnant women. The optimal combination of EHs and EDCs can identify when labor occurs (time to delivery within two and four weeks, AUROC of 0.82). Our results revealed that the bisphenols and phthalates are more potent than partial EHs for gestational age or delivery time. This study represents the use of machine learning methods for quantitative analysis of pregnancy-related EDCs and EHs for understanding the EDCs' mixture effect on pregnancy with potential clinical utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemi Luan
- School of Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiufeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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28
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Prenatal exposure to a mixture of different phthalates increases the risk of mammary carcinogenesis in F1 female offspring. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112519. [PMID: 34428494 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates metabolites have been detected in the urine of pregnant and breastfeeding women. Thus, this study evaluated the adverse effects of maternal exposure to a mixture of six phthalates (Pth mix) on the mammary gland development and carcinogenesis in F1 female offspring. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed daily to vehicle or Pth mix (35.22% diethyl-phthalate, 21.03% di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate, 14.91% dibutyl-phthalate, 15.10% diisononyl-phthalate, 8.61% diisobutyl-phthalate, and 5.13% benzylbutyl-phthalate) by gavage at 20 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg or 200 mg/kg during gestational day 10 (GD 10) to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). After weaning (PND 22), some female offspring were euthanized for mammary gland analyses while other females received a single dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU, 50 mg/kg) or vehicle and then tumor incidence and multiplicity were recorded until PND 180. Maternal Pth mix exposure increased the number of Ki-67 and progesterone receptor-positive epithelial cells in the mammary gland from Pth mix 200 at μg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups. In addition, tumor incidence and mean number were higher only in Pth mix at 200 mg/kg when compared to the vehicle-treated group, and percentage of tumor-free animals was lower in Pth mix at 200 μg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups. The findings indicate that perinatal Pth mixture exposure increased susceptibility to MNU-induced mammary carcinogenesis in adult F1 female offspring.
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29
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Warner GR, Dettogni RS, Bagchi IC, Flaws JA, Graceli JB. Placental outcomes of phthalate exposure. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:1-17. [PMID: 34015474 PMCID: PMC8260441 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proper placental development and function relies on hormone receptors and signaling pathways that make the placenta susceptible to disruption by endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as phthalates. Here, we review relevant research on the associations between phthalate exposures and dysfunctions of the development and function of the placenta, including morphology, physiology, and genetic and epigenetic effects. This review covers in vitro studies, in vivo studies in mammals, and studies in humans. We also discuss important gaps in the literature. Overall, the evidence indicates that toxicity to the placental and maternal-fetal interface is associated with exposure to phthalates. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the mechanisms through which phthalates act in the placenta as well as additional human studies that assess placental disruption through pregnancy with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genoa R Warner
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Indrani C Bagchi
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Dept of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Dept of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Brazil
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30
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Mohammadi H, Ashari S. Mechanistic insight into toxicity of phthalates, the involved receptors, and the role of Nrf2, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:35488-35527. [PMID: 34024001 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of phthalates, as phthalates are used in the manufacturing of not only plastics but also many others goods, has become a main concern in the current century because of their potency to induce deleterious effects on organism health. The toxic effects of phthalates such as reproductive toxicity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, teratogenicity, and tumor development have been widely indicated by previous experimental studies. Some of the important mechanisms of toxicity by phthalates are the induction and promotion of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Awareness of the involved molecular pathways of these mechanisms will permit the detection of exact molecular targets of phthalates to protect or treat their toxicity. Up to now, various transcription factors and signaling pathways have been associated with phthalate-induced toxicity which by influencing on nuclear surface and the expression of different genes can alter cell hemostasis. In different studies, the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathways in processes of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and cancer has been shown following exposure to phthalates. In the present review, we aim to survey experimental studies (in vitro and in vivo) in order to show firstly the most involved receptors and also the importance and the role of the mentioned signaling pathways in phthalate-induced toxicity, and with considering this point, the future studies can focus on these molecular targets as a strategic method to reduce environmental chemicals-induced toxicity especially phthalates toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Toxicology/Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sorour Ashari
- Department of Toxicology/Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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31
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Zhu BB, Zhang ZC, Li J, Gao XX, Chen YH, Wang H, Gao L, Xu DX. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces testicular endoplasmic reticulum stress and germ cell apoptosis in adolescent mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21696-21705. [PMID: 33411269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12210-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a male reproductive toxicant. This research is aimed at investigating the effect of pubertal DEHP exposure on testicular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and germ cell apoptosis. Five-week-old male mice were orally administered with DEHP (0, 0.5, 50, or 500 mg/kg/day) for 35 days. Testis weight and sperm count were reduced in mice exposed to 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. The number of seminiferous tubules in stages VII-VIII, mature seminiferous tubules, was reduced and the number of seminiferous tubules in stages IX-XII, immature seminiferous tubules, was elevated in mice treated with 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. Numerous apoptotic germ cells were observed in mouse seminiferous tubules exposed to 50 and 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. Moreover, cleaved caspase-3 was elevated in mouse testes exposed to 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. In addition, Bcl-2 was reduced and Bax/Bcl-2 was elevated in mouse testes exposed to 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. Additional experiment showed that GRP78, an ER molecular chaperone, was downregulated in mouse testes exposed to 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. Testicular p-IRE-1α, p-JNK, and CHOP, three markers of ER stress, were upregulated in mice exposed to 500 mg/kg/day DEHP. These results suggest that pubertal exposure to high doses of DEHP induces germ cell apoptosis partially through initiating ER stress in testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xing-Xing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China.
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Al-Saleh I, Elkhatib R, Alrushud N, Alnuwaysir H, Alnemer M, Aldhalaan H, Shoukri M, McWalter P, Alkhenizan A. Potential health risks of maternal phthalate exposure during the first trimester - The Saudi Early Autism and Environment Study (SEAES). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110882. [PMID: 33621597 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are the most ubiquitous contaminants that we are exposed to daily due to their wide use as plasticizers in various consumer products. A few studies have suggested that in utero exposure to phthalates can disturb fetal growth and development in humans, because phthalates can interfere with endocrine function. We collected spot urine samples from 291 pregnant women in their first trimester (9.8 ± 2.3 gestational weeks) recruited in an ongoing prospective cohort study in Saudi Arabia. A second urine sample was collected within 1-7 d after enrollment. The aims of this study were to: (1) assess the extent of exposure to phthalates during the first trimester and (2) estimate the risk from single and cumulative exposures to phthalates. Most phthalate metabolites' urinary levels were high, several-fold higher than those reported in relevant studies from other countries. The highest median levels of monoethyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) in μg/l (μg/g creatinine) were 245.62 (197.23), 114.26 (99.45), 39.59 (34.02), and 23.51 (19.92), respectively. The MEHP levels were highest among three di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites. %MEHP4, the ratio of MEHP to four di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑4DEHP), was 44%, indicating interindividual differences in metabolism and excretion. The hazard quotient (HQ) of individual phthalates estimated based on the reference dose (RfD) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency indicated that 58% (volume-based) and 37% (creatinine-based) of the women were at risk of exposure to ∑4DEHP (HQ > 1). Based on the tolerable daily intake (TDI) from the European Food Safety Authority, 35/12% (volume-/creatinine-based data) of the women were at risk of exposure to two dibutyl phthalate (∑DBP) metabolites (MiBP and MnBP). The cumulative risk was assessed using the hazard index (HI), the sum of HQs of all phthalates. The percentages of women (volume-/creatinine-based data) at health risks with an HI > 1 were 64/40% and 42/22% based on RfD and TDI, respectively. In view of these indices for assessing risk, our results for the anti-androgenic effects of exposing pregnant women to ∑4DEHP and ∑DBP early during pregnancy are alarming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rola Elkhatib
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Alrushud
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Alnuwaysir
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alnemer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Aldhalaan
- Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Shoukri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia McWalter
- Family Medicine and Polyclinics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alkhenizan
- Family Medicine and Polyclinics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O.Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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Xu W, Wu H, Shang L. Gene expression in rat placenta after exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:504-514. [PMID: 32909833 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120954259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The organic compound di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in many products. Exposure to DEHP has been reported to lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes by suppressing placenta growth and development. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression profiles of rat placenta exposed to (DEHP) and identify genes crucial for the DEHP response. Three groups of Wistar rats were administered an intragastric dose of 1,000 mg/kg DEHP, 500 mg/kg DEHP, or corn oil, RNA was isolated from placenta tissue, and hybridization was performed. Gene expression profiles were analyzed by identifying functional enrichment, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and modules, and transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-target regulatory networks. We obtained 2,032 DEGs, including cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily R, polypeptide 1 (CYP2R1), sterol O-acyltransferase 2 (SOAT2), and 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR24) from the steroid biosynthesis pathway and somatostatin receptor 4 (SSTR4) and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. The PPI network included 476 nodes, 2,682 interaction pairs, and three sub-network modules. Moreover, eight miRNAs, three TFs, and 176 regulatory pairs were obtained from the TF-miRNA-target regulatory network. CYP2R1, SOAT2, DHCR24, SSTR4, and SSTR2 may affect DEHP influence on rat placenta development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese 92291PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese 92291PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Lixin Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese 92291PLA General Hospital, China
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Martínez-Razo LD, Martínez-Ibarra A, Vázquez-Martínez ER, Cerbón M. The impact of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in placental development, function, and pathophysiology. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106228. [PMID: 33157377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a chemical widely distributed in the environment as is extensively used in the plastic industry. DEHP is considered an endocrine disruptor chemical (EDC) and humans are inevitably and unintentionally exposed to this EDC through several sources including food, beverages, cosmetics, medical devices, among others. DEHP exposure has been associated and may be involved in the development of various pathologies; importantly, pregnant women are a particular risk group considering that endocrine alterations during gestation may impact fetal programming leading to the development of several chronic diseases in adulthood. Recent studies have indicated that exposure to DEHP and its metabolite Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) may impair placental development and function, which in turn would have a negative impact on fetal growth. Studies performed in several trophoblastic and placental models have shown the negative impact of DEHP and MEHP in key processes related to placental development such as implantation, differentiation, invasion and angiogenesis. In addition, many alterations in placental functions like hormone signaling, metabolism, transfer of nutrients, immunomodulation and oxidative stress response have been reported. Moreover, clinical-epidemiological evidence supports the association between DEHP exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes and pathologies. In this review, we aim to summarize for the first time current knowledge about the impact of DEHP and MEHP exposure on placental development and pathophysiology, as well as the mechanisms involved. We also remark the importance of exploring DEHP and MEHP effects in different trophoblast cell populations and discuss new perspectives regarding this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Martínez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Martínez-Ibarra
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
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García-Fabila MM, Chávez AA, Meza JCS, Montes LPB, García AR. Phthalates in the diet of Mexican children of school age. Risk analysis. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1487-1494. [PMID: 33204649 PMCID: PMC7652773 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers, additives, or solvents. Its extensive use has generated environmental and food contamination, which implies continuous population exposure. The aim of this work was to determine the probability of health risk of Mexican children exposed to phthalates through the consumption of contaminated food. A survey was applied to 384 Mexican school-age children (between 6 and 12 years old), to find out the type of food they eat most frequently, based on this, a research was made to know the concentration of phthalates contained in these foods. The daily intake had been calculated with the concentration of phthalates reported in food, obtaining: DEHP (19.50 μg/kg body weight/day), DnBP (5.52 μg/kg body weight/day) y for DEP (1.12 μg/kg body weight/day). The hazard index (HI) for DEP y DEHP was 0.49 to 42.5 for internal organs damage reported. HI for reproductive health damage due to exposure to DnBT and DEHP was of 0.04 to 5.58, so that there is a high probability that children's health is at risk. Therefore, it is necessary to a quantitative analysis of phthalates in food consumed in Latin American countries and establish the TDI of phthalates especially, to DEHP, which was obtained the higher HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Magdalena García-Fabila
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan SN., Colonia Ocho Cedros, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50120, Mexico
| | - Araceli Amaya Chávez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan SN., Colonia Ocho Cedros, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50120, Mexico
- Corresponding author.
| | - Juan Carlos Sánchez Meza
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan SN., Colonia Ocho Cedros, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50120, Mexico
| | - Lilia Patricia Bustamante Montes
- Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Montevideo esquina Avenida Acueducto, Guadalajara, Jalisco, CP 44670, Mexico
| | - Alicia Reyes García
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan SN., Colonia Ocho Cedros, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50120, Mexico
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Giuliani A, Zuccarini M, Cichelli A, Khan H, Reale M. Critical Review on the Presence of Phthalates in Food and Evidence of Their Biological Impact. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5655. [PMID: 32764471 PMCID: PMC7460375 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are a huge class of chemicals with a wide spectrum of industrial uses, from the manufacture of plastics to food contact applications, children's toys, and medical devices. People and animals can be exposed through different routes (i.e., ingestion, inhalation, dermal, or iatrogenic exposure), as these compounds can be easily released from plastics to water, food, soil, air, making them ubiquitous environmental contaminants. In the last decades, phthalates and their metabolites have proven to be of concern, particularly in products for pregnant women or children. Moreover, many authors reported high concentrations of phthalates in soft drinks, mineral waters, wine, oil, ready-to-eat meals, and other products, as a possible consequence of their accumulation along the food production chain and their accidental release from packaging materials. However, due to their different physical and chemical properties, phthalates do not have the same human and environmental impacts and their association to several human diseases is still under debate. In this review we provide an overview of phthalate toxicity, pointing out the health and legal issues related to their occurrence in several types of food and beverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Giuliani
- "G.d'Annunzio" School of Advanced Studies, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Aging Research Center, Ce.S.I., "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Cichelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Interuniversity Center on Interactions between Electromagnetic Fields and Biosystems, National Research Council-Institute for Electromagnetic Detection of The Environment, (ICEMB-CNR-IREA), 80124 Naples, Italy
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Zhao LL, Shen R, Sun CC, Zhang SY, Wang B, Sun MF, Xu DX. Prenatal di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate maternal exposure impairs the spatial memory of adult mouse offspring in a phase- and gender-dependent manner. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:28267-28275. [PMID: 32415442 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
DEHP is a wildly used plasticizer. Maternal DEHP exposure induced fetal growth restriction (FGR) and behavioral abnormalities in adolescence and adulthood mouse. The effect of low birth weight induced by DEHP on behaviors after growing up is not certain. In this study, the ICR pregnant mice were exposed to 200 mg/kg DEHP during gestation 6-12 days or 13-17 days, which can create FGR model. The F1 offspring were performed three ethological experiments at puberty (6 weeks postpartum) and adult period (8 weeks postpartum). The open field test was performed to detect the locomotor activity and anxiety, the elevated plus maze to test anxiety-like behavior, and the Morris water maze assay to measure the spatial learning and memory capability of male and female offspring. The results showed that spatial memory ability was dramatically impaired for male rather than female offspring in gestation 13-17 days' group. Other behaviors had no statistically different between groups. These findings suggest that prenatal DEHP exposure disturbed mouse offspring spatial memory ability in a phase- and gender-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Zhao
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ru Shen
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Cong-Cong Sun
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shan-Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei-Fang Sun
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology, Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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