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Golikova E, Varfolomeeva MA, Kursheva A, Morgunova I, Aristov D, Renaud PE, Granovitch A, Korsun S. Measuring ecological quality status in low-diversity Arctic intertidal foraminiferal assemblages using a diversity-based index. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 203:116473. [PMID: 38820879 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
EcoQS assessment of the marine intertidal zone based on its fauna is challenging because the assemblages have a low diversity and consist of stress tolerant species. The new approach we propose is to pool foraminiferal diversity (effective number of species exp(H'bc)) across the whole intertidal zone including the salt marsh and tidal flat. In seven fjordheads studied in northern Fennoscandia, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations indicated low levels of pollution (EcoQSPAH Excellent to Moderate). Jadammina or Balticammina dominated the salt marsh, Elphidium albiumbilicatum, Elphidium williamsoni, Elphidium clavatum, and Buccella frigida occurred in the tidal flat. Ovammina opaca thrived in both belts. While foraminiferal test abnormalities are often proposed to measure pollution impacts, we did not detect any correlation with PAHs. EcoQS based on foraminiferal diversity (EcoQSforam Excellent to Good) matched EcoQS based on PAHs suggesting that pooled foraminiferal diversity reliably measures intertidal EcoQS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Golikova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Marina A Varfolomeeva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Kursheva
- Academician I.S. Gramberg All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the Ocean (FSBI "VNIIOkeangeologia"), 190121, Angliyskiy Av. 1, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Inna Morgunova
- Academician I.S. Gramberg All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the Ocean (FSBI "VNIIOkeangeologia"), 190121, Angliyskiy Av. 1, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Aristov
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Paul E Renaud
- Akvaplan-niva, Fram Centre for Climate and Environment, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Andrei Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergei Korsun
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskiy pr. 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Choi A, Seong JW, Kim JH, Lee JY, Cho HJ, Kang SA, Park MK, Jeong MJ, Choi SY, Jeong YJ, Yu HS. Presence and diversity of free-living amoebae and their potential application as water quality indicators. PARASITES, HOSTS AND DISEASES 2024; 62:180-192. [PMID: 38835259 DOI: 10.3347/phd.24020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Free-living amoebae (FLA) are found in diverse environments, such as soils, rivers, and seas. Hence, they can be used as bioindicators to assess the water quality based solely on their presence. In this study, we determined the presence of FLA in river water by filtering water samples collected from various sites and culturing the resulting filtrates. FLA were detected in all the water samples with varying quality grades (Grades Ι-V). The significant increase in the size of the amoebae population with the deterioration in the water quality. Monoxenic cultures of the amoebae were performed, and genomic DNAs were isolated, among which 18S rDNAs were sequenced to identify the amoeba species. Of the 12 species identified, 10 belonged to the Acanthamoeba genus; of the remaining 2 species, one was identified as Vannella croatica and the other as a species of Vermamoeba. Acanthamoeba was detected in samples with Grades Ι to VI quality, whereas the Vermamoeba species was present only in Grade Ι water. V. croatica was found exclusively in water with Grade ΙΙ quality. Following morphological observations, genomic DNA was sequenced using 16S rDNA to determine whether the species of Acanthamoeba harbored endosymbionts. Most of the isolated Acanthamoeba contained endosymbionts, among which 4 species of endogenous bacteria were identified and examined using transmission electron microscopy. This study provides evidence that the distribution of amoebae other than Acanthamoeba may be associated with water quality. However, further confirmation will be required based on accurate water quality ratings and assessments using a more diverse range of FLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areum Choi
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ji Won Seong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Hyun Jae Cho
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Shin Ae Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Jeong
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seo Yeong Choi
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Jeong
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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Abd Malek MN, Frontalini F. Benthic foraminifera as bioindicators of marine pollution: A bibliometric approach to unravel trends, patterns and perspectives. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115941. [PMID: 38134870 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Benthic foraminifera, single-celled marine organisms, are known for their wide distribution, high abundance and species diversity, test (i.e., shell) preservation in the sedimentary (e.g., historical) record, and sensitivity to environmental changes. Because of these characteristics, they have been widely used as bioindicators in environmental monitoring and, more recently, as Biological Quality Elements (BQEs) in the Ecological Quality Status (EcoQS) evaluation. The global scientific literature on benthic foraminifera as bioindicators was gathered from the Scopus database (overall 966 papers from 1973 to 2022) and explored with scientometric software. The outcomes highlight that the investigation of benthic foraminiferal response to pollutants started over 50 years ago. Indeed, not only the number of published documents has recently peaked (i.e., 2021 and 2022) but there has been also a growth in the percentages of papers falling within the Decision Sciences category that deals with the application of foraminiferal indices for the EcoQS assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Department of Pure and Applied Science, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Oron S, Friedlander AM, Sala E, Goodman-Tchernov BN. Shallow water foraminifera from Niue and Beveridge Reef (South Pacific): insights into ecological significance and ecosystem integrity. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:230997. [PMID: 38204782 PMCID: PMC10776231 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Niue represents one of many important steppingstones facilitating the dispersal of marine organisms across the tropical Pacific Ocean. This study is part of a collaborative expedition involving National Geographic Pristine Seas, the government of Niue, Oceans 5, and the Pacific Community. We present the first survey documenting the species richness of foraminiferal communities in Niue and nearby Beveridge Reef and explore their significance for ecosystem integrity. A substantial portion (59%) of Niue's foraminiferal assemblages is Large Benthic Foraminifera (LBF), a symbiont-bearing group known as ecosystem engineers and indicators of coral reef regime shifts. LBF species reported here reflect the gradual decrease of tropical diversity from the Coral Triangle towards the central Pacific Ocean. Calcarinidae, an LBF family represented in this study by two species, is the easternmost ever recorded in published literature, and the biogeographical dispersal of this temperature-controlled group is of great importance to future global warming related studies. Foraminifera are an important component of beach development in Niue, with a close relationship between source and depositional zones. These essential ecological-sedimentary linkages highlight the importance of habitat conservation not only as a means to safeguard biodiversity, but also for its role in the island's physical framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Oron
- Department of Marine Geosciences, University of Haifa, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences, Haifa, Israel
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, Eilat 8828058, Israel
| | - Alan M. Friedlander
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA
- Hawaiʿi Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaiʿi, Kāneʻohe, Hawaiʿi, USA
| | - Enric Sala
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Beverly N. Goodman-Tchernov
- Department of Marine Geosciences, University of Haifa, Leon Charney School of Marine Sciences, Haifa, Israel
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Rebecchi F, Lattanzi D, Abramovich S, Ambrogini P, Ciacci C, Betti M, Frontalini F. Evaluation of the Effects of Electrical Stimulation: A Pilot Experiment on the Marine Benthic Foraminiferal Species Amphistegina lessonii. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040862. [PMID: 37109392 PMCID: PMC10142474 DOI: 10.3390/life13040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental disturbances resulting from anthropogenic energy pollution are intensely growing and represent a concern for the marine environment. Benthic organisms are the significant fauna exposed to this kind of pollution; among them, foraminifera are largely used as pollution bioindicators in marine environments, but studies on the effects induced by electrical stimulation are not documented. In the present research, we evaluated the effects of short-term different electric current densities on the viability of benthic foraminiferal species Amphistegina lessonii by checking the pseudopodial activity and defined the threshold electrical density range. After 3 days of treatment, A. lessonii stimulated with a constant current showed pseudopodial activity at a lower electric current density (0.29, 0.86 μA/cm2) up to 24 h. With increasing stimulation time, the percentages of pseudopodial activity decreased. The pseudopodial activity was absent at high current densities (5.71, 8.57 μA/cm2). The viability of A. lessonii exposed to a pulsed current was higher at a low and middle electric current density (from 0.29 to 5.71 μA/cm2) than at a high electric current density (from 11.43 to 20 μA/cm2). Based on these preliminary results, the selected benthic foraminiferal species seems to better stand pulsed currents than constant ones. These first experiments might provide useful information for the definition of the appropriate electrical density threshold to avoid side effects on a part of the benthic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rebecchi
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Davide Lattanzi
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Sigal Abramovich
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Patrizia Ambrogini
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Caterina Ciacci
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Betti
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, Urbino University, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Girard EB, Macher J, Jompa J, Renema W. COI
metabarcoding of large benthic Foraminifera: Method validation for application in ecological studies. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9549. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa B. Girard
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden the Netherlands
- IBED University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - Jamaluddin Jompa
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia
| | - Willem Renema
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden the Netherlands
- IBED University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Mercury-Induced Oxidative Stress Response in Benthic Foraminifera: An In Vivo Experiment on Amphistegina lessonii. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070960. [PMID: 36101341 PMCID: PMC9312061 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the effects of pollution (e.g., Hg pollution) is a difficult task and relies mostly on biomonitoring based on bioindicators. The application of biomarkers may represent a complementary or alternative approach in environmental biomonitoring. Mercury is known to pose a significant health hazard due to its ability to cross cellular membranes, bioaccumulate, and biomagnify. In the present research, the effects of short-term (i.e., 24 h) Hg exposure in the symbiont-bearing benthic foraminiferal species Amphistegina lessonii are evaluated using several biomarkers (i.e., proteins and enzymes). Mercury leads to significant changes in the biochemistry of cells. Its effects are mainly associated with oxidative stress (i.e., production of reactive oxygen species: ROS), depletion of glutathione (GSH), and alteration of protein synthesis. Specifically, our findings reveal that exposure to Hg leads to the consumption of GSH by GPx and GST for the scavenging of ROS and the activation of antioxidant-related enzymes, including SOD and GSH-enzymes (GST, GSR, GPx, and Se-GPx), that are directly related to a defense mechanism against ROS. The Hg exposure also activates the MAPK (e.g., p-p38) and HSP (e.g., HSP 70) pathways. The observed biochemical alterations associated with Hg exposure may represent effective and reliable proxies (i.e., biomarkers) for the evaluation of stress in A. lessonii and lead to a possible application for the detection of early warning signs of environmental stress in biomonitoring.
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The coral reef-dwelling Peneroplis spp. shows calcification recovery to ocean acidification conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6373. [PMID: 35430588 PMCID: PMC9013382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10375-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Large Benthic Foraminifera are a crucial component of coral-reef ecosystems, which are currently threatened by ocean acidification. We conducted culture experiments to evaluate the impact of low pH on survival and test dissolution of the symbiont-bearing species Peneroplis spp., and to observe potential calcification recovery when specimens are placed back under reference pH value (7.9). We found that Peneroplis spp. displayed living activity up to 3 days at pH 6.9 (Ωcal < 1) or up to 1 month at pH 7.4 (Ωcal > 1), despite the dark and unfed conditions. Dissolution features were observed under low Ωcal values, such as changes in test density, peeled extrados layers, and decalcified tests with exposed organic linings. A new calcification phase started when specimens were placed back at reference pH. This calcification’s resumption was an addition of new chambers without reparation of the dissolved parts, which is consistent with the porcelaneous calcification pathway of Peneroplis spp. The most decalcified specimens displayed a strong survival response by adding up to 8 new chambers, and the contribution of food supply in this process was highlighted. These results suggest that porcelaneous LBF species have some recovery abilities to short exposure (e.g., 3 days to 1 month) to acidified conditions. However, the geochemical signature of trace elements in the new calcite was impacted, and the majority of the new chambers were distorted and resulted in abnormal tests, which might hinder the specimens’ reproduction and thus their survival on the long term.
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Girard EB, Ferse S, Ambo-Rappe R, Jompa J, Renema W. Dynamics of large benthic foraminiferal assemblages: A tool to foreshadow reef degradation? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:151396. [PMID: 34742799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ecological regime shifts in the marine realm have been recorded from a variety of systems and locations around the world. Coral reefs have been especially affected, with their benthic habitat changing from a dominance of stony corals to a dominance of other organisms such as fleshy algae. To detect changes in the benthic habitat of coral reefs, simple tools applicable on a global scale are necessary for future monitoring programs. Hence, the aim of this research is to explore the hypothesis that shifts in assemblages of large benthic foraminifera (LBF) can detect early signs of degradation in the reef benthic habitat. To do so, data on living assemblages of LBF collected between 1997 and 2018 at 12 islands in the Spermonde Archipelago (South Sulawesi, Indonesia) were analyzed. Foraminiferal specimens were morphologically identified to the species level and statistical analyses performed to assess changes in their assemblage composition. A clear temporal shift was observed. Typical foraminiferal assemblages in a coral-dominated (e.g., Amphistegina lobifera, Calcarina spengleri, Heterostegina depressa) and fleshy algae-dominated (e.g., Neorotalia gaimardi, C. mayori) reef habitats were identified and significantly linked to the substrate type. Other species (e.g., Elphidium spp., Peneroplis planatus and Sphaerogypsina globulus) seem to reflect a spatial and temporal gradient of anthropogenic pollution from local inhabited islands and ongoing urban development on the mainland. Hence communities of LBF consistently follow gradual shifts in environmental conditions. Additionally to foraminiferal assemblages being an indicator for actual reef condition, closely monitoring LBF may provide early information on reef degradation, in time to take action against identified stressors (e.g., eutrophication or intensive fishing) at local and regional scales. The circumtropical distribution of LBF is such that they can be included worldwide in reef monitoring programs, conditional to calibration to the regional species pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa B Girard
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands; IBED, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastian Ferse
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Marine Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Rohani Ambo-Rappe
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Tamalenrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Jamaluddin Jompa
- Marine Science Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10 Tamalenrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Willem Renema
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands; IBED, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Benthic Foraminiferal Indices and Environmental Quality Assessment of Transitional Waters: A Review of Current Challenges and Future Research Perspectives. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13141898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transitional waters straddle the interface between marine and terrestrial biomes and, among others, include fjords, bays, lagoons, and estuaries. These coastal systems are essential for transport and manufacturing industries and suffer extensive anthropogenic exploitation of their ecosystem services for aquaculture and recreational activities. These activities can have negative effects on the local biota, necessitating investigation and regulation. As a result of this, EcoQS (ecological quality status) assessment has garnered great attention as an essential aspect of governmental bodies’ legislative decision-making process. Assessing EcoQS in transitional water ecosystems is problematic because these systems experience high natural variability and organic enrichment and often lack information about their pre-human impact, baseline, or “pristine” reference conditions, knowledge of which is essential to many commonly used assessment methods. Here, foraminifera can be used as environmental sentinels, providing ecological data such as diversity and sensitivity, which can be used as the basis for EcoQS assessment indices. Fossil shells of foraminifera can also provide a temporal aspect to ecosystem assessment, making it possible to obtain reference conditions from the study site itself. These foraminifera-based indices have been shown to correlate not only with various environmental stressors but also with the most common macrofaunal-based indices currently employed by bodies such as the Water Framework Directive (WFD). In this review, we firstly discuss the development of various foraminifera-based indices and address the challenge of how best to implement these synergistically to understand and regulate human environmental impact, particularly in transitional waters, which have historically suffered disproportionate levels of human impact or are difficult to assess with standard EcoQS methods. Further, we present some case studies to exemplify key issues and discuss potential solutions for those. Such key issues include, for example, the disparate performance of multiple indices applied to the same site and a proper assignment of EcoQS class boundaries (threshold values) for each index. Disparate aptitudes of indices to specific geomorphologic and hydrological regimes can be leveraged via the development of a site characteristics catalogue, which would enable the identification of the most appropriate index to apply, and the integration of multiple indices resulting in more representative EcoQS assessment in heterogenous transitional environments. In addition, the difficulty in assigning threshold values to systems without analogous unimpacted reference sites (a common issue among many transitional waters) can be overcome by recording EcoQS as an ecological quality ratio (EQR). Lastly, we evaluate the current status and future potential of an emerging field, genetic biomonitoring, focusing on how these new techniques can be used to increase the accuracy of EcoQS assessment in transitional systems by supplementing more established morphology-based methods.
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Castelo WFL, Martins MVA, Martínez-Colón M, Guerra JV, Dadalto TP, Terroso D, Soares MF, Frontalini F, Duleba W, Socorro OAA, Geraldes MC, Rocha F, Bergamaschi S. Disentangling natural vs. anthropogenic induced environmental variability during the Holocene: Marambaia Cove, SW sector of the Sepetiba Bay (SE Brazil). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:22612-22640. [PMID: 33420935 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multiproxy approach based on textural, mineralogical, geochemical, and microfaunal analyses on a 176-cm-long core (SP8) has been applied to reconstruct the Holocene paleoenvironmental changes and disentangling natural vs. anthropogenic variability in Marambaia Cove of the Sepetiba Bay (SE Brazil). Sepetiba Bay became a lagoonal system due to the evolution and development of the Marambaia barrier island during the Holocene and the presence of an extensive river basin. Elemental concentrations from pre-anthropogenic layers from the nearby SP7 core have been used to estimate the baseline elemental concentrations for this region and to determine metals enrichment factors (EF), pollution load index (PLI), and sediment pollution index (SPI). Record of the core SP8 provides compelling evidence of the lagoon evolution differentiating the effects of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) under natural vs. anthropic forcing in the last ~ 9.5 ka BP. The study area was probably part of coastal sand ridges between ≈ 9.5 and 7.8 ka BP (radiocarbon date). Events of wash over deposited allochthonous material and organic matter between ≈ 8.6 and 7.8 ka. Climatic event 8.2 ka BP, in which the South American Summer Monsoon was intensified in Brazil causing higher rainfall and moisture was scored by an anoxic event. Accumulation of organic matter resulted in oxygen depletion and even anoxia in the sediment activating biogeochemical processes that resulted in the retention of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). After ≈ 7.8 ka BP at the onset of the Holocene sea-level rise, a marine incursion flooded the Marambaia Cove area (previously exposed to subaerial conditions). Environmental conditions became favorable for the colonization of benthic foraminifera. The Foram Stress Index (FSI) and Exp(H'bc) indicate that the environmental conditions turned from bad to more favorable since ≈ 7.8 ka BP, with maximum health reached at ≈ 5 ka BP, during the mid-Holocene relative sea-level highstand. Since then, the sedimentological and ecological proxies suggest that the system evolved to an increasing degree of confinement. Since ≈ 1975 AD, a sharp increase of silting, Cd, Zn, and organic matter also induced by anthropic activities caused major changes in foraminiferal assemblages with a significant increase of Ammonia/Elphidium Index (AEI), EF, and SPI values and decreasing of FSI and Exp(H'bc) (ecological indicators) demonstrating an evolution from "moderately polluted" to "heavily polluted" environment (bad ecological conditions), under variable suboxic conditions. Thus, core SP8 illustrates the most remarkable event of anthropogenic forcing on the geochemistry of the sediments and associated pollution loads and its negative effect on benthic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellen Fernanda Louzada Castelo
- Programa Pós-Graduação em Dinâmica dos Oceanos e da Terra, Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Campus da Praia Vermelha, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Virgínia Alves Martins
- Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil.
- Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Michael Martínez-Colón
- Florida A and M University, School of the Environment, FSH Science Research Center, 1515 South MLK Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Josefa Varela Guerra
- Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, 4° andar, Bloco E, sala 4018, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pinheiro Dadalto
- Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia - UFSB, Rodovia de Acesso para Itabuna, km 39 - Ferradas, Itabuna, BA, 45613-204, Brazil
| | - Denise Terroso
- Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maryane Filgueiras Soares
- Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Frontalini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate (DiSPeA), Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Wânia Duleba
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Orangel Antonio Aguilera Socorro
- Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Laboratorio de Paleoecologia e Mudanças Globais Campus de Gragoatá, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Bloco M, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24210-200, Brazil
| | - Mauro Cesar Geraldes
- Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rocha
- Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sergio Bergamaschi
- Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-013, Brazil
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12
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A'ziz ANA, Minhat FI, Pan HJ, Shaari H, Saelan WNW, Azmi N, Manaf OARA, Ismail MN. Reef foraminifera as bioindicators of coral reef health in southern South China Sea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8890. [PMID: 33903697 PMCID: PMC8076234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulau Tioman is a famous tourist island off Peninsular Malaysia with beautiful coral reefs. This study aims to assess the health of the coral reefs surrounding Pulau Tioman based on the application of the Foraminifera in Reef Assessment and Monitoring Index (FI). Ten sampling sites around Pulau Tioman were studied with a total of 30 samples. Eight orders, 41 families, 80 genera, and 161 species of benthic foraminifera were identified. The agglutinated type of foraminifera constituted 2–8% of the total assemblages. Calcareous hyaline and porcelaneous groups represented 79% and 19% of the total assemblages, respectively. Symbiont-bearing taxa were the most common foraminifera. The results indicate that most of the sampling sites are conducive for coral reef growth with good recoverability from future stress to the ecosystem. However, several areas with higher coastal development and tourism have reduced water and sediment quality. Therefore, the limit on the number of visitors and tourists should be revised to enable coral growth and health. The FI values in this study showed a positive correlation with good water qualities and a negative correlation with organic matter enrichment. The FI is a good measure to assess the health of a coral reef and can be applied to other reef ecosystems around Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Norashikin Abdul A'ziz
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Fatin Izzati Minhat
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. .,Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Hui-Juan Pan
- Institute of Earth Sciences, College of Ocean Science and Resource, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Hasrizal Shaari
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.,Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nurzalia Wan Saelan
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.,Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nazihah Azmi
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Omar Abdul Rahman Abdul Manaf
- Paleoceaonography Research Interest Group (PoRIG), Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Md Nizam Ismail
- Fisheries Research Institute, 11960, Batu Maung, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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13
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Ben-Eliahu N, Herut B, Rahav E, Abramovich S. Shell Growth of Large Benthic Foraminifera under Heavy Metals Pollution: Implications for Geochemical Monitoring of Coastal Environments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103741. [PMID: 32466246 PMCID: PMC7277671 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was promoted by the recent efforts using larger benthic foraminiferal (LBF) shells geochemistry for the monitoring of heavy metals (HMs) pollution in the marine environment. The shell itself acts as a recorder of the ambient water chemistry in low to extreme HMs-polluted environments, allowing the monitoring of recent-past pollution events. This concept, known as sclerochronology, requires the addition of new parts (i.e., new shell) even in extreme pollution events. We evaluated the physiological resilience of three LBF species with different shell types and symbionts to enriched concentrations of Cd, Cu, and Pb at levels several folds higher than the ecological criteria maximum concentration (CMC) (165-166, 33-43, 1001-1206 µg L-1, respectively), which is derived from aquatic organisms' toxicity tests. The physiological response of the holobiont was expressed by growth rates quantified by the addition of new chambers (new shell parts), and by the chlorophyll a of the algal symbionts. The growth rate decrease varied between 0% and 30% compared to the unamended control for all HMs tested, whereas the algal symbionts exhibited a general non-fatal but significant response to Pb and Cu. Our results highlight that shell growth inhibition of LBF is predicted in extreme concentrations of 57 × CMC of Cu and 523 × CMC of Cd, providing a proof of concept for shell geochemistry monitoring, which is currently not used in the regulatory sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Ben-Eliahu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Barak Herut
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa 31080, Israel; (B.H.); (E.R.)
| | - Eyal Rahav
- National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa 31080, Israel; (B.H.); (E.R.)
| | - Sigal Abramovich
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
- Correspondence:
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