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Wang R, Wang B, Chen A. Application of machine learning in the study of development, behavior, nerve, and genotoxicity of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124473. [PMID: 38945191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) as a novel model-based approach has been used in studying aquatic toxicology in the environmental field. Zebrafish, as an ideal model organism in aquatic toxicology research, has been widely used to study the toxic effects of various pollutants. However, toxicity testing on organisms may cause significant harm, consume considerable time and resources, and raise ethical concerns. Therefore, ML is used in related research to reduce animal experiments and assist researchers in conducting toxicological research. Although ML techniques have matured in various fields, research on ML-based aquatic toxicology is still in its infancy due to the lack of comprehensive large-scale toxicity databases for environmental pollutants and model organisms. Therefore, to better understand the recent research progress of ML in studying the development, behavior, nerve, and genotoxicity of zebrafish, this review mainly focuses on using ML modeling to assess and predict the toxic effects of zebrafish exposure to different toxic chemicals. Meanwhile, the opportunities and challenges faced by ML in the field of toxicology were analyzed. Finally, suggestions and perspectives were proposed for the toxicity studies of ML on zebrafish in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, (Guizhou University), Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, (Guizhou University), Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
| | - Anying Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
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2
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Cao B, Kong H, Shen C, She G, Tian S, Liu H, Cui L, Zhang Y, He Q, Xia Q, Liu K. Dimethyl phthalate induced cardiovascular developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos by regulating MAPK and calcium signaling pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171902. [PMID: 38521262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), the lowest-molecular-weight phthalate ester (PAE), is one of the most commonly detected persistent organic pollutants in the environment, but its toxic effects, especially cardiovascular developmental toxicity, are largely unknown. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to sublethal concentrations of DMP from 4 to 96 hpf. Our results showed that DMP treatment induced yolk retention, pericardial edema, and swim bladder deficiency, as well as increased SV-BA distance and decreased heart rate, stroke volume, ventricular axis shortening rate and ejection fraction. In addition, oxidative stress and apoptosis were found to be highly involved in this process. The results of transcriptome sequencing and mRNA expression of related genes indicated that MAPK and calcium signaling pathways were perturbed by DMP. These findings have the potential to provide new insights into the potential developmental toxicity and cardiovascular disease risk of DMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianneng Cao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Haotian Kong
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Chuanlin Shen
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Gaimei She
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Shuimiao Tian
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Haojie Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Lishuang Cui
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Qiuxia He
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250103, China.
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Liu T, Ren X, Fang J, Yu Z, Wang X. Multiomics Sequencing and AlphaFold2 Analysis of the Stereoselective Behavior of Mefentrifluconazole for Bioactivity Improvement and Risk Reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21348-21357. [PMID: 38051155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
As the first isopropanol chiral triazole fungicide, mefentrifluconazole has broad prospects for application. In this study, the stereoselective stability, bioactivity, fate, and biotoxicity were systematically investigated. Our results indicated that the stability of mefentrifluconazole enantiomers differed between environmental media, and they were stable in water and sediment in the dark. The bactericidal activity of R-mefentrifluconazole against the four target pathogens was 4.6-43 times higher than that of S-mefentrifluconazole. In the water-sediment system, S-mefentrifluconazole dissipated faster than R-mefentrifluconazole in water; however, its accumulation capacity was higher than that of R-mefentrifluconazole in sediment and zebrafish. S-Mefentrifluconazole induced more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in zebrafish than did R-mefentrifluconazole. Multiomics sequencing results showed that S-mefentrifluconazole enhanced the antioxidant, detoxification, immune, and metabolic functions of zebrafish by interacting with related proteins. Based on AlphaFold2 modeling and molecular docking, mefentrifluconazole enantiomers had different binding modes with key target proteins in pathogens and zebrafish, which may be the main reason for the stereoselective differences in bioactivity and biotoxicity. Based on its excellent bioactivity and low biotoxicity, the R-enantiomer can be developed to improve the bioactivity and reduce the risk of mefentrifluconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiangyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jianwei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Zihan Yu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P.R. China
| | - Xiuguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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Qiao K, Liang Z, Wang A, Wu Q, Yang S, Ma Y, Li S, Schiwy S, Jiang J, Zhou S, Ye Q, Hollert H, Gui W. Waterborne Tebuconazole Exposure Induces Male-Biased Sex Differentiation in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Larvae via Aromatase Inhibition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16764-16778. [PMID: 37890152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole is a widely used fungicide for various crops that targets sterol 14-α-demethylase (CYP51) in fungi. However, attention has shifted to aromatase (CYP19) due to limited research indicating its reproductive impact on aquatic organisms. Herein, zebrafish were exposed to 0.5 mg/L tebuconazole at different developmental stages. The proportion of males increased significantly after long-term exposure during the sex differentiation phase (0-60, 5-60, and 19-60 days postfertilization (dpf)). Testosterone levels increased and 17β-estradiol and cyp19a1a expression levels decreased during the 5-60 dpf exposure, while the sex ratio was equally distributed on coexposure with 50 ng/L 17β-estradiol. Chemically activated luciferase gene expression bioassays determined that the male-biased sex differentiation was not caused by tebuconazole directly binding to sex hormone receptors. Protein expression and phosphorylation levels were specifically altered in the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway despite excluding the possibility of tebuconazole directly interacting with kinases. Aromatase was selected for potential target analysis. Molecular docking and aromatase activity assays demonstrated the interactions between tebuconazole and aromatase, highlighting that tebuconazole poses a threat to fish populations by inducing a gender imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qiao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zhuoying Liang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Aoxue Wang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Patent Examination Cooperation (Henan) Center of the Patent Office, CNIPA, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yongfang Ma
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shuying Li
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sabrina Schiwy
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Institute of Agro-Products Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Zhou
- Zhejiang Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, P. R. China
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department Environmental Media Related Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wenjun Gui
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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Ahmad S, Chandrasekaran M, Ahmad HW. Investigation of the Persistence, Toxicological Effects, and Ecological Issues of S-Triazine Herbicides and Their Biodegradation Using Emerging Technologies: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2558. [PMID: 37894216 PMCID: PMC10609637 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
S-triazines are a group of herbicides that are extensively applied to control broadleaf weeds and grasses in agricultural production. They are mainly taken up through plant roots and are transformed by xylem tissues throughout the plant system. They are highly persistent and have a long half-life in the environment. Due to imprudent use, their toxic residues have enormously increased in the last few years and are frequently detected in food commodities, which causes chronic diseases in humans and mammals. However, for the safety of the environment and the diversity of living organisms, the removal of s-triazine herbicides has received widespread attention. In this review, the degradation of s-triazine herbicides and their intermediates by indigenous microbial species, genes, enzymes, plants, and nanoparticles are systematically investigated. The hydrolytic degradation of substituents on the s-triazine ring is catalyzed by enzymes from the amidohydrolase superfamily and yields cyanuric acid as an intermediate. Cyanuric acid is further metabolized into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Microbial-free cells efficiently degrade s-triazine herbicides in laboratory as well as field trials. Additionally, the combinatorial approach of nanomaterials with indigenous microbes has vast potential and considered sustainable for removing toxic residues in the agroecosystem. Due to their smaller size and unique properties, they are equally distributed in sediments, soil, water bodies, and even small crevices. Finally, this paper highlights the implementation of bioinformatics and molecular tools, which provide a myriad of new methods to monitor the biodegradation of s-triazine herbicides and help to identify the diverse number of microbial communities that actively participate in the biodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Ahmad
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), City Campus, School of Food Science & Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Crop in South China, Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Murugesan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Neungdong-ro 209, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hafiz Waqas Ahmad
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
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Hou Y, Liu X, Qin Y, Hou Y, Hou J, Wu Q, Xu W. Zebrafish as model organisms for toxicological evaluations in the field of food science. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3481-3505. [PMID: 37458294 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has long been an area of concern. The selection of stable and efficient model organisms is particularly important for food toxicology studies. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are small model vertebrates, and 70% of human genes have at least one zebrafish ortholog. Zebrafish have advantages as model organisms due to their short life cycle, strong reproductive ability, easy rearing, and low cost. Zebrafish embryos have the advantage of being sensitive to the breeding environment and thus have been used as biosensors. Zebrafish and their embryos have been widely used for food toxicology assessments. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive summary of food toxicology studies using zebrafish as model organisms. First, we briefly introduce the multidimensional mechanisms and structure-activity relationship studies of food toxicological assessment. Second, we categorize these studies according to eight types of hazards in foods, including mycotoxins, pesticides, antibiotics, heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, food additives, nanoparticles, and other food-related ingredients. Finally, we list the applications of zebrafish in food toxicology studies in line with future research prospects, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in the field of food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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7
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Jeon HJ, Kim C, Kim K, Lee SE. Piperlongumine treatment impacts heart and liver development and causes developmental delay in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114995. [PMID: 37167734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL) and piperine (PP) are alkaloids presented in long pepper (Piper longum), and they exhibit various biological activities, especially anti-cancer properties. With these regards, they are considered as future medicines with high potential. Even they are exposed to humans such a long time, their potential toxicities in the environment have not been studied. Therefore, their ecological toxicities were assessed using zebrafish embryos. PP showed low mortality and no abnormal phenotype up to 10 µM. However, PL exhibited strong acute toxicity at the concentration of 5-10 µM ranges, and abnormal development were frequently found in the range of 1-2.5 µM with pericardial and yolk sac edemas. In transgenic zebrafish embryos, PL induced an increase in the number of intersegmental vessels and delayed the early-stage development. PL treatment affected heart formation and heart rate. The presence of PL induced the expression of cytokines, inflammatory markers, and inflammasome in the embryos. The PL treatment changed the mRNA levels of the ER stress and apoptosis-related genes. In addition, ROS production was observed during early-stage development of PL-treated zebrafish embryos. These results indicate that developing PL as a medicine would require extremely meticulous strategies to prevent potential toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang-Ju Jeon
- Red River Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Bossier City, LA, USA
| | - Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Yang Q, Deng P, Xing D, Liu H, Shi F, Hu L, Zou X, Nie H, Zuo J, Zhuang Z, Pan M, Chen J, Li G. Developmental Neurotoxicity of Difenoconazole in Zebrafish Embryos. TOXICS 2023; 11:353. [PMID: 37112580 PMCID: PMC10142703 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Difenoconazole is a type of triazole fungicide that is widely used in the treatment of plant diseases. Triazole fungicides have been shown in several studies to impair the development of the nervous system in zebrafish embryos. There is still little known about difenoconazole-induced neurotoxicity in fish. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L of difenoconazole solution until 120 h post-fertilization (hpf). The difenoconazole-exposed groups showed concentration-dependent inhibitory tendencies in heart rate and body length. Malformation rate and spontaneous movement of zebrafish embryos increased, and the locomotor activity decreased in the highest exposure group. The content of dopamine and acetylcholine was reduced significantly in difenoconazole treatment groups. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also increased after treatment with difenoconazole. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in neurodevelopment was remarkably altered, which corresponded with the alterations of neurotransmitter content and AChE activity. These results indicated that difenoconazole might affect the development of the nervous system through influencing neurotransmitter levels, enzyme activity, and the expression of neural-related genes, ultimately leading to abnormal locomotor activity in the early stages of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Dadu River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Haoling Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lian Hu
- Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xi Zou
- Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources & Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hongyan Nie
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junli Zuo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zimeng Zhuang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Meiqi Pan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Changsha Xinjia Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zhang S, Wang F, Wang R, Cai M. Spatial assessment of triazole organic compounds in surface water from the coastal estuaries to the East China sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121024. [PMID: 36646404 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Triazole is widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fungicides. However, triazole organic compounds are often a source of toxicity in the water environment due to the presence of chlorobenzene. This study reported on the occurrence and distribution of 15 TrOCs in the surface waters of estuaries and the East China sea, and identified the influences of TrOCs originating from the estuarine environment on the ocean. The results showed that the total concentrations of ∑TrOCs in the surface water of estuaries along the coasts of Jiangsu (JS), Zhejiang (ZJ), and Shanghai (SH), China ranged from 0.020 to 104 ng L-1 (7.49 ± 18.2 ng L-1), whereas they ranged from 0.235 to 1.25 ng L-1 (mean 0.711 ± 0.235 ng L-1) in the East China sea. Difenoconazole and tebuconazole were the dominant TrOCs in the estuaries, whereas fenbuconazole and hexaconazole dominated in the ocean. TrOCs in surface water of estuaries showed a continuous spatial distribution and presented regional characteristics mainly related to agricultural activities. In contrast, TrOCs in the East China Sea showed a low spatial variation and dispersion, which may be related to complex disturbance by currents and dilution. The low levels of estuarine TrOCs measured in SH estuaries (<0.5 ng L-1) indicates that the Yangtze River may only pose a low-level TrOC contamination risk to the East China Sea. Moreover, estuary transport in the estuaries of ZJ may have influenced the occurrence of TrOCs in the offshore East China Sea area, although they may have also undergone a filter process in the estuary turbid zone; whereas it had little influence on the open sea. This study can act as a critical reference for the presence of TrOCs in surface water both estuaries and the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Zhang
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Minghong Cai
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China; Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China; Antarctic Great Wall Ecology National Observation and Research Station, Polar Research Institute of China, 1000 Xuelong Road, Shanghai, 201209, China.
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10
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He W, Yang H, Pu Q, Li Y. Novel control strategies for the endocrine-disrupting effect of PAEs to pregnant women in traffic system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158269. [PMID: 36029816 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution has become a global issue, and scientific regulation measures are urgently needed to reduce traffic pollution. Phthalates (PAEs) have been widely detected in the traffic environment; thus, they were chosen as target pollutants because of their endocrine-disrupting effects. The pathways of action and mechanisms of PAEs' endocrine-disrupting effects in pregnant women through inhalation were deduced. A novel whole-process 1C + 3D + 5R regulation system was developed to control the endocrine-disrupting effect of PAEs on pregnant women based on the cleaning production concept. (1) For source reduction, the 2D-QSAR model of endocrine-disrupting effects of PAEs in pregnant women was constructed to screen out the key influencing factors as hydrogen bond interaction and hydrophobic interaction. Based on this, a designed PAE substitute molecule with low volatility and endocrine-disrupting effects and no developmental toxicity was screened. The substitute molecule could reduce the volatilization amount of PAEs at the source by 41.76 %; (2) For process interception, selecting C-band UV light to eliminate PAEs molecules in the traffic environment can slow down 19.99 % of the endocrine-disrupting effect of PAEs molecules. The homology modeling method was used to design four kinds of green belt plant proteins with high PAEs absorption efficiency to absorb PAEs molecules in the traffic environment. Compared with the original green belt plant proteins, the absorption amount of PAEs increased by up to 96.08 %, and (3) For terminal prevention, dietary food schemes were designed to regulate PAEs' endocrine-disrupting effect on pregnant women. The optimal dietary food scheme was the simultaneous intake of glutamate, catechin and folic acid, which could reduce the adverse effect of PAEs on maternal and infants by 32.51 %. This study presents theoretical support for regulating PAE exposure to specific populations in the traffic environment and treating other pollutants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qikun Pu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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Liu Z, Dang K, Gao J, Fan P, Li C, Wang H, Li H, Deng X, Gao Y, Qian A. Toxicity prediction of 1,2,4-triazoles compounds by QSTR and interspecies QSTTR models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113839. [PMID: 35816839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
1,2,4-triazole derivatives exhibit various biological activities, including antibacterial and antifungal properties. On the other hand, these chemicals may have unique cumulative and harmful effects on living organisms. The goal of this work is to use quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) and interspecies quantitative toxicity-toxicity relationship (iQSTTR) models to predict the acute toxicity of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The QSTR models were generated by multiple linear regression (MLR) following the OECD recommendations for QSAR model development and validation. The iQSTTR models were constructed using data on acute oral toxicity in rats and mice, as well as the 2D descriptor. The application domain (AD) analysis was used to identify model outliers and determine if the forecast was credible. Six QSTR models were successfully constructed in rats and mice using various delivery methods, and the scatter plots demonstrated excellent consistency across training and test sets. According to external and internal validation criteria, all six QSTR models may be broadly accepted; however, the orally administered mice model was the optimum one among the six species. Several chemicals with leverage values above the requirements were identified as response or structural outliers in the training sets for six QSTR and two iQSTTR models. All outliers, however, fell slightly outside the threshold or had low prediction errors, which may have had little impact on the capacity to forecast and were therefore preserved in the final models. In fact, neither the QSTR nor the iQSTTR test sets contained any response outliers. Additionally, all external and internal validation results for the iQSTTR models were approved, with the iQSTTR models outperforming the comparable QSTR models, which are deemed more dependable. The QSTR and iQSTTR models performed well in predicting toxicity using test sets, which would be beneficial in evaluating and synthesizing newly discovered 1,2,4-triazoles derivatives with low toxicity and environmental hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Kai Dang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Junhong Gao
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Cunzhi Li
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Huan Li
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Xiaoni Deng
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Yongchao Gao
- Toxicology Research Center, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
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12
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Dornelas ASP, de Jesus Ferreira JS, Silva LCR, de Souza Saraiva A, Cavallini GS, Gravato CAS, da Maia Soares AMV, Almeida Sarmento R. The sexual reproduction of the nontarget planarian Girardia tigrina is affected by ecologically relevant concentrations of difenoconazole: new sensitive tools in ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27095-27103. [PMID: 34981389 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The fungicide difenoconazole, widely used to reduce the negative impacts of fungi diseases on areas with intensive farming, can reach freshwater systems causing deleterious effects on nontarget organisms. The acute and chronic toxicity of a commercial formulation containing 250 g L-1 of difenoconazole (Prisma®) as the active ingredient was assessed in the freshwater planarian Girardia tigrina. The endpoints evaluated were feeding rate, locomotion, regeneration, and sexual reproduction of planarians. The estimated 48 h LC50 of the commercial formulation on planarians expressed as the concentration of the active ingredient difenoconazole was 47.5 mg a.i.L-1. A significant decrease of locomotion (LOEC = 18.56 mg a.i.L-1), delayed regeneration (LOEC = 9.28 mg a.i.L-1), and sexual reproduction impairment, i.e., decreased fecundity and fertility rates (LOEC ≤ 1.16 mg a.i.L-1) were observed on planarians exposed to sublethal concentrations of the formulation. This study demonstrated the importance of using reproductive, physiological, and behavioral parameters as more sensitive and complementary tools to assess the deleterious effects induced by a commercial formulation of difenoconazole on a nontarget freshwater organism. The added value and importance of our research work, namely, the impairment of sexual reproduction of planarians, contributes to the development of useful tools for ecotoxicology and highlights the fact that those tools should be developed as guidelines for testing of chemicals. Our results showed that the use of reproductive parameters of Girardia tigrina would help to complement and achieve a better assessment of the risk posed by triazole fungicides to freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silvestre Pereira Dornelas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, 77402-970, Brazil
| | - Joel Santiago de Jesus Ferreira
- Curso de Engenharia de Bioprocessos E Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, 77402-970, Brazil
| | - Laila Cristina Rezende Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, 77402-970, Brazil
| | - Althiéris de Souza Saraiva
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - Campus Campos Belos (Laboratório de Conservação de Agroecossistemas E Ecotoxicologia), Campos Belos, Goiás, 73840-000, Brazil
| | - Grasiele Soares Cavallini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Química, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, 77402-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renato Almeida Sarmento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal Do Tocantins (UFT), Campus Universitário de Gurupi, Gurupi, Tocantins, 77402-970, Brazil
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Huang T, Jiang H, Zhao Y, He J, Cheng H, Martyniuk CJ. A comprehensive review of 1,2,4-triazole fungicide toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio): A mitochondrial and metabolic perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151177. [PMID: 34699814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this critical review, we synthesize data from peer-reviewed literature reporting on triazole fungicide exposures in the zebrafish model. Based on their mode of action in plants (potent inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis), we focused attention on mechanisms related to cellular, lipid, and steroid metabolism. Evidence from several studies reveals that zebrafish exposed to triazoles present with impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and oxidative stress, as well as dysregulation of lipid metabolism. Such metabolic disruptions are expected to underscore developmental delays, deformity, and aberrant locomotor activity and behaviors often observed following exposure. We begin by summarizing physiological and behavioral effects observed with triazole fungicide exposure in zebrafish. We then discuss mechanisms that may underlie adverse apical effects, focusing on mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism. Using computational approaches, we also identify novel biomarkers of triazole fungicide exposure. Extracting and analyzing data contained in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) revealed that transcriptional signatures responsive to different triazoles are related to metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins, biological oxidations, and fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism among other processes. Pathway and sub-network analysis identified several transcripts that are responsive in organisms exposed to triazole fungicides, several of which include lipid-related genes. Knowledge gaps and recommendations for future investigations include; (1) targeted metabolomics for metabolites in glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain; (2) additional studies conducted at environmentally relevant concentrations to characterize the potential for endocrine disruption, given that studies point to altered cholesterol (precursor for steroid hormones), as well as altered estrogen receptor alpha and thyroid hormone expression; (3) studies into the potential role for lipid peroxidation and oxidation of lipid biomolecules as a mechanism of triazole-induced toxicity, given the strong evidence for oxidative damage in zebrafish following exposure to triazole fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Haibo Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130117, China
| | - Jia He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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14
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Zhu T, Chen W, Jafvert CT, Fu D, Cheng H, Chen M, Wang Y. Development of novel experimental and modelled low density polyethylene (LDPE)-water partition coefficients for a range of hydrophobic organic compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118223. [PMID: 34583266 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about partitioning constants of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) between the polymer and aqueous phases is critical for assessing chemical environmental fate and transport. The conventional experimental method is characterized by large discrepancies in the measured values due to the limited water solubility of HOCs and other associated issues. In the current work, a novel three-phase partitioning system was evaluated to determine accurate low-density polyethylene (LDPE)-water partition coefficients (KPE-w). By adding sufficient surfactant (Brij 30) to form the micellar pseudo-phase within the polymer/water system, the KPE-w values were obtained from a combination of two experimentally measured values, that is, the micelle-water partition coefficient (Kmic-w) and the LDPE-micelle partition coefficient (KPE-mic). The method presented here is capable of shortening the equilibration time to half a month, and avoiding defects of the traditional method with respect to directly measured aqueous phase concentrations. Herein, the KPE-w values were determined for HOCs with little errors. Meanwhile, based on the 120 experimental KPE-w data, several in silico models were also developed as valid extrapolation tools to estimate missing or uncertain values. Analysis of the underlying solubility interactions in the nonionic surfactant micelles were investigated, providing additional support for the reliability of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyi Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Chad T Jafvert
- Lyles School of Civil Engineering, and Environmental & Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Dafang Fu
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Haomiao Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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15
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Nath A, De P, Roy K. In silico modelling of acute toxicity of 1, 2, 4-triazole antifungal agents towards zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: Application of the Small Dataset Modeller tool. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 75:105205. [PMID: 34186186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a widespread use of triazole antifungal agents to kill broad classes of fungi in farming lands and to protect herbs, fruits and grains. These agents further deposit into the aquatic systems causing toxicity to the living aquatic creatures, which can then affect human beings. Considering this issue, risk assessment of these toxic chemicals is a very essential task. Due to the inadequate experimental data on acute toxicity of antifungal agents containing the 1, 2, 4-triazole ring, higher testing costs along with the regulatory restrictions and the international regulations to lessen animal testing emphasize on in silico techniques such as quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies. The application of QSAR modelling has created an easier avenue to predict activity/property/toxicity of newly synthesized compounds. In the present study, we have used 23 antifungal agents containing the 1, 2, 4-triazole ring to develop 2D-QSAR models and explored their structural attributes crucial for acute toxicity towards embryonic phase of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Here, we have employed simple 2D descriptors to develop the QSAR models. The models were evolved by executing the Small Dataset Modeller tool (https://dtclab.webs.com/software-tools), and the validation of the models was achieved by employing different precise validation principles. The statistical validation metrics confirm that built models are robust, useful and well predictive to forecast the acute toxicity of new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket Nath
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Priyanka De
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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16
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Lovrić M, Malev O, Klobučar G, Kern R, Liu JJ, Lučić B. Predictive Capability of QSAR Models Based on the CompTox Zebrafish Embryo Assays: An Imbalanced Classification Problem. Molecules 2021; 26:1617. [PMID: 33803931 PMCID: PMC7998177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The CompTox Chemistry Dashboard (ToxCast) contains one of the largest public databases on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) developmental toxicity. The data consists of 19 toxicological endpoints on unique 1018 compounds measured in relatively low concentration ranges. The endpoints are related to developmental effects occurring in dechorionated zebrafish embryos for 120 hours post fertilization and monitored via gross malformations and mortality. We report the predictive capability of 209 quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models developed by machine learning methods using penalization techniques and diverse model quality metrics to cope with the imbalanced endpoints. All these QSAR models were generated to test how the imbalanced classification (toxic or non-toxic) endpoints could be predicted regardless which of three algorithms is used: logistic regression, multi-layer perceptron, or random forests. Additionally, QSAR toxicity models are developed starting from sets of classical molecular descriptors, structural fingerprints and their combinations. Only 8 out of 209 models passed the 0.20 Matthew's correlation coefficient value defined a priori as a threshold for acceptable model quality on the test sets. The best models were obtained for endpoints mortality (MORT), ActivityScore and JAW (deformation). The low predictability of the QSAR model developed from the zebrafish embryotoxicity data in the database is mainly due to a higher sensitivity of 19 measurements of endpoints carried out on dechorionated embryos at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lovrić
- Know-Center, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (R.K.)
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Olga Malev
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Göran Klobučar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov Trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Roman Kern
- Know-Center, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.L.); (R.K.)
- Institute of Interactive Systems and Data Science, TU Graz, Inffeldgasse 16c, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Jay J. Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-739, Korea
| | - Bono Lučić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Wang Y, He M, Chen B, Hu B. Hydroxyl-containing porous organic framework coated stir bar sorption extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector for analysis of triazole fungicides in grape and cabbage samples. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1633:461628. [PMID: 33128975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a hydroxyl-containing porous organic framework (HC-POF) was prepared by a simple solvothermal reaction with 1,4-phthalaldehyde and phloroglucinol as monomers. Sol-gel method was used to coat HC-POF on the glass stir bar. The prepared HC-POF coated stir bar shows better extraction performance for six triazole fungicides (TFs) compared to commercial polydimethylsiloxane and ethylene glycol-silicone coated stir bars. Fourier transform infrared Spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron Spectrometry were used to explore interactions between HC-POF coating and TFs. It is assumed that the coating mainly adsorbs TFs through π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Based on this fact, a new method of HC-POF coated stir bar sorptive extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector was developed for the determination of six TFs in grape and cabbage samples. A series of extraction and desorption conditions were carefully optimized, including salt concentration, sample solution pH, stirring rate and desorption solvent. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the proposed method displayed limits of detection in the range of 0.022 -0.071 μg L-1, which is the lowest among the reported SBSE methods for target TFs analysis. The linear range for six TFs was 0.1/0.2-500 μg L-1 and the recoveries for the spiked grape and cabbage were 81.0-109% and 80.7-111%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Man He
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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