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Nagaraja SS, Gouda Y, Miguez D, Muralidaran Y, Romanholo Ferreira LF, Américo-Pinheiro JHP, Mulla SI, Mishra P. Distinctive toxic repercussions of polystyrene nano plastic towards aquatic non target species Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp and Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024:10.1007/s10646-024-02810-7. [PMID: 39384726 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02810-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
The widespread application of plastics and its eventual degradation to micro-sized or nano-sized plastics has led to several environmental concerns. Moreover, nanoplastics can easily cascade through the food chain accumulating in the aquatic organisms. Thus, our study focussed on investigating the hazardous impact of nano-sized plastics on aquatic species including Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp, and Daphnia magna. Various concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics ranging from 0.01 mg/L to 100 mg/L were tested against Nitrobacter vulgaris, Scenedesmus sp, and Daphnia magna. The minimum inhibitory concentration of polystyrene nanoplastics in Nitrobacter vulgaris was found to be 25 mg/L, and in Daphnia magna, the median lethal concentration 50 was observed to be 64.02 mg/L. Exposure of Scenedesmus sp with increasing nanoplastic concentrations showed a significant decrease in total protein (p < 0.001), and chlorophyll content (p < 0.01), whereas the lipid peroxidation increased (p < 0.001) significantly. Similarly, Nitrobacter vulgaris and Daphnia magna showed a significant decrease in catalase activity (p < 0.001) and an increase in lipid peroxidation levels (p < 0.01). Concomitant with lipid peroxidation results, decreased superoxide dismutase levels (p < 0.01) and protein concentrations (p < 0.01) were observed in Daphnia magna. Besides, the increasing concentration of polystyrene nanoplastics displayed an elevated mortality rate in Scenedesmus sp (p < 0.001) and Nitrobacter vulgaris (p < 0.01). Further, scanning electron microscopy analysis substantiated the morphological alterations in Nitrobacter vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp on exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowmya Sri Nagaraja
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Yerimma Gouda
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Diana Miguez
- Latitud - LATU Foundation, Technological Laboratory of Uruguay. Ave. Italia, Los Abetos Building, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yuvashree Muralidaran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro
- Department of Forest Science, Soils and Environment, School of Agronomic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ave. Universitária, 3780, Botucatu, SP, 18610-034, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, Brazil University, Street Carolina Fonseca, 584, São Paulo, SP, 08230-030, Brazil
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Prabhakar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India.
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Otorkpa OJ, Otorkpa CO. Health effects of microplastics and nanoplastics: review of published case reports. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2024; 39:e2024020-0. [PMID: 39054834 PMCID: PMC11294665 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2024020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) represent a pervasive environmental pollutant, raising significant concerns about potential health effects on humans. These tiny plastic particles have been detected across various environmental matrices, including air, water, soil, and food sources. While the adverse impacts of MNPs on wildlife and ecosystems are well-documented, understanding their effects on human health is still in its infancy. This study aims to comprehensively review existing case reports documenting adverse health outcomes associated with MNPs exposure. Through an extensive literature search, relevant articles were identified and analyzed. MNPs exposure primarily occurs through ingestion and inhalation routes. Health effects on the digestive system include oxidative stress, inflammation, dysbiosis, and metabolic disorders, with cases linking MNPs exposure to gastrointestinal injury and liver dysfunction. Respiratory system impacts include asthma exacerbation and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, particularly in industries involving plastic production. MNPs exposure has also been associated with nervous system conditions, reproductive toxicity, skeletal system interference, excretory system disruption, and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite limited case reports, the widespread presence of MNPs warrants further investigation into their potential health risks. This study underscores the urgency of understanding and mitigating the adverse health effects posed by MNPs exposure. Further research is imperative in order to comprehensively assess and address the dangers associated with MNPs contamination in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oche Joseph Otorkpa
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Chinenye Oche Otorkpa
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Federal University, Lokoja, Nigeria
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Hebda M, Doğan-Sağlamtimur N, Lin WT. Let's Print an Ecology in 3D (and 4D). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2194. [PMID: 38793260 PMCID: PMC11122764 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The concept of ecology, historically rooted in the economy of nature, currently needs to evolve to encompass the intricate web of interactions among humans and various organisms in the environment, which are influenced by anthropogenic forces. In this review, the definition of ecology has been adapted to address the dynamic interplay of energy, resources, and information shaping both natural and artificial ecosystems. Previously, 3D (and 4D) printing technologies have been presented as potential tools within this ecological framework, promising a new economy for nature. However, despite the considerable scientific discourse surrounding both ecology and 3D printing, there remains a significant gap in research exploring the interplay between these directions. Therefore, a holistic review of incorporating ecological principles into 3D printing practices is presented, emphasizing environmental sustainability, resource efficiency, and innovation. Furthermore, the 'unecological' aspects of 3D printing, disadvantages related to legal aspects, intellectual property, and legislation, as well as societal impacts, are underlined. These presented ideas collectively suggest a roadmap for future research and practice. This review calls for a more comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted impacts of 3D printing and the development of responsible practices aligned with ecological goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marek Hebda
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
| | | | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Ilan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Shennong Rd., I-Lan 260, Taiwan;
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4
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Ye J, Ren Y, Dong Y, Fan D. Understanding the impact of nanoplastics on reproductive health: Exposure pathways, mechanisms, and implications. Toxicology 2024; 504:153792. [PMID: 38554767 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is a pressing global environmental concern with particular urgency surrounding the issue of nanoplastic particles. Plastic products exhibit a remarkable persistence in natural ecosystems, resisting easy degradation. Nanoplastics, characterized by their diminutive size, possess distinct properties when compared to their larger counterparts, which could potentially render them more ecologically detrimental. Microplastics themselves serve as carriers for toxic and hazardous substances, such as plastic additives, that enter and persist in the environmental cycle. Importantly, nanoplastics exhibit enhanced bioavailability upon entering the food chain. Notably, studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of nanoplastics on the reproductive function of aquatic organisms, and evidence of micro- and nanoplastics have emerged within human reproductive organs, including the placenta. However, a knowledge gap persists regarding the impacts of nanoplastics on the reproductive systems of mammals and, indeed, humans. This paper aims to elucidate the less frequently discussed sources and distribution of nanoplastics in the environment, along with the pathways of human exposure. We also emphasize the extent to which nanoplastics accumulate within the reproductive systems of organisms. Subsequently, we present an in-depth analysis of the effects of nanoplastics and their associated contaminants on mammalian and human reproductive health. The mechanisms through which nanoplastics contribute to reproductive disorders are comprehensively explored, highlighting their potential to disrupt endocrine levels in mammals and humans. Additionally, we scrutinize and discuss studies on biotoxicity of nanoplastics, offering insights into potential areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geological Engineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geological Engineering, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China; Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Maraveas C, Kyrtopoulos IV, Arvanitis KG. Evaluation of the Viability of 3D Printing in Recycling Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1104. [PMID: 38675022 PMCID: PMC11054724 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The increased use of plastics in industrial and agricultural applications has led to high levels of pollution worldwide and is a significant challenge. To address this plastic pollution, conventional methods such as landfills and incineration are used, leading to further challenges such as the generation of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, increasing interest has been directed to identifying alternative methods to dispose of plastic waste from agriculture. The novelty of the current research arose from the lack of critical reviews on how 3-Dimensional (3D) printing was adopted for recycling plastics, its application in the production of agricultural plastics, and its specific benefits, disadvantages, and limitations in recycling plastics. The review paper offers novel insights regarding the application of 3D printing methods including Fused Particle Fabrication (FPF), Hot Melt Extrusion (HME), and Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) to make filaments from plastics. However, the methods were adopted in local recycling setups where only small quantities of the raw materials were considered. Data was collected using a systematic review involving 39 studies. Findings showed that the application of the 3D printing methods led to the generation of agricultural plastics such as Polylactic Acid (PLA), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), which were found to have properties comparable to those of virgin plastic, suggesting the viability of 3D printing in managing plastic pollution. However, limitations were also associated with the 3D printing methods; 3D-printed plastics deteriorated rapidly under Ultraviolet (UV) light and are non-biodegradable, posing further risks of plastic pollution. However, UV stabilization helps reduce plastic deterioration, thus increasing longevity and reducing disposal. Future directions emphasize identifying methods to reduce the deterioration of 3D-printed agricultural plastics and increasing their longevity in addition to UV stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthos Maraveas
- Department of Natural Resources Development and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Street, 11855 Athens, Greece; (I.V.K.); (K.G.A.)
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Tan H, Othman MHD, Chong WT, Kek HY, Wong SL, Nyakuma BB, Mong GR, Wahab RA, Wong KY. Turning plastics/microplastics into valuable resources? Current and potential research for future applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120644. [PMID: 38522274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials, mainly consisting of polymers. The use of plastics has increased to over 300 million metric tonnes in recent years, and by 2050, it is expected to grow to 800 million. Presently, a mere 10% of plastic waste is recycled, with approximately 75% ended up in landfills. Inappropriate disposal of plastic waste into the environment poses a threat to human lives and marine species. Therefore, this review article highlights potential routes for converting plastic/microplastic waste into valuable resources to promote a greener and more sustainable environment. The literature review revealed that plastics/microplastics (P/MP) could be recycled or upcycled into various products or materials via several innovative processes. For example, P/MP are recycled and utilized as anodes in lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries. The anode in Na-ion batteries comprising PP carbon powder exhibits a high reversible capacity of ∼340 mAh/g at 0.01 A/g current state. In contrast, integrating Fe3O4 and PE into a Li-ion battery yielded an excellent capacity of 1123 mAh/g at 0.5 A/g current state. Additionally, recycled Nylon displayed high physical and mechanical properties necessary for excellent application as 3D printing material. Induction heating is considered a revolutionary pyrolysis technique with improved yield, efficiency, and lower energy utilization. Overall, P/MPs are highlighted as abundant resources for the sustainable production of valuable products and materials such as batteries, nanomaterials, graphene, and membranes for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Tan
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, University Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknlogi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Tong Chong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hong Yee Kek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Syie Luing Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Computing, Pen Resource University, P. M. B. 08, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Guo Ren Mong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Keng Yinn Wong
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
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7
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De Boever S, Devisscher L, Vinken M. Unraveling the micro- and nanoplastic predicament: A human-centric insight. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170262. [PMID: 38253106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastics are vast anthropogenic pollutants in our direct surroundings with a robust environmental stability and a potential for a long-lasting and increasing global circulation. This has raised concerns among the public and policy makers for human health upon exposure to these particles. The micro- and nanoplastic burden on humans is currently under debate, along with criticism on the experimental approaches used in hazard assessment. The present review presents an overview of the human-relevant aspects associated with the current micro-and nanoplastic burden. We focus on environmental circulation and the estimation of exposure quantities to humans, along with a state-of-the-art overview of particle accumulation in over 15 human organs and other specimen. Additionally, data regarding particle characteristics used in toxicity testing was extracted from 91 studies and discussed considering their environmental and human relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybren De Boever
- Entity of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Gut-Liver Immunopharmacology Unit, Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Liver Research Centre Ghent, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Entity of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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8
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Bocato MZ, Fernandes Quero R, Alexandre Weil A, Aparecida Cesila C, Adewuyi Adeyemi J, Barbosa F. A new adsorptive 3D-printed sampling device for simultaneous determination of 63 urinary organic acids by LC-MS/MS. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342185. [PMID: 38220312 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection and quantification of urinary metabolites play an important role in disease diagnosis. In most cases, urinary analyses are done with liquid urine samples, which must be quickly transported to the laboratory to avoid metabolites degradation that is associated with temperature fluctuations. Consequently, dried sampling devices have emerged to minimize analyte degradation. However, most commercial dried sampling devices are expensive, aggregate low volumes, and need better analytical sensitivity. Therefore, a new dry urine sampling device that is inexpensive, suitable for domestic sampling operation, and efficient for quantifying metabolites without requiring high-resolution instruments is proposed in the present study. RESULTS The newly designed dry urine sampling device was produced by 3D printing that efficiently determines 63 urinary organic acids using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The system's efficiency was demonstrated with analytical figures of merit, such as precision, accuracy, and stability of analytes after the sampling and storing of ordinary urine samples. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.01 to 0.42 ng mL-1. Precision and accuracy tests showed relative standard deviations of less than 15 %. The urine stability in the sampling device was high within seven days without any significant degradation of the metabolites. The method was applied to the analysis of 10 human urine samples and compared to a conventional method without the use of the sampling device. The results showed no statistically significant differences, demonstrating the method's efficiency. SIGNIFICANCE The proposed 3-D printing device was developed with fast, low-cost manufacturing features and can be manufactured with different volumetric capacities, adaptable to the needs of each user. Furthermore, it is innovative because this is the first sampling device that is effective for the simultaneous storage and preservation of several important urinary metabolites. Thus, it is anticipated that its application would contribute significantly to the identification of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Zuccherato Bocato
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Reload Health Devices Ltda, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Reverson Fernandes Quero
- Reload Health Devices Ltda, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cibele Aparecida Cesila
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Joseph Adewuyi Adeyemi
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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9
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Quik JTK, Meesters JAJ, Koelmans AA. A multimedia model to estimate the environmental fate of microplastic particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163437. [PMID: 37059151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nano- and microplastic (NMP) is a diverse and challenging contaminant and data on NMP concentrations are therefore not fully available for all environmental compartments. For environmental assessments of NMP, screening-level multimedia models can fill this gap, but such models are not available. Here, we present SimpleBox4Plastic (SB4P) as the first multimedia 'unit world' model capable of addressing the full NMP continuum, explore its validity, and evaluate it based on a case study for microbeads and by comparisons with (limited) concentration data. SB4P links NMP transport and concentrations in and across air, surface water, sediment, and soil, taking into account processes such as attachment, aggregation, and fragmentation, by solving mass balance equations using matrix algebra. These link all concentrations and processes known to be relevant for NMP using first-order rate constants, which are obtained from the literature. The SB4P model, as applied to microbeads, provided mass or number concentrations of NMP as the total of 'free' particles, heteroaggregates with natural colloids, and larger natural particles in each compartment at steady state. Processes most relevant in explaining observed Predicted Exposure Concentrations (PECs) were determined using rank correlation analysis. Although the predicted PECs remained uncertain due to the propagating uncertainty, inferences regarding these processes and relative distribution across compartments can be considered robust.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T K Quik
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Centre for Sustainability, Health and Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - J A J Meesters
- National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - A A Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 DD Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Pelegrini K, Pereira TCB, Maraschin TG, Teodoro LDS, Basso NRDS, De Galland GLB, Ligabue RA, Bogo MR. Micro- and nanoplastic toxicity: A review on size, type, source, and test-organism implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:162954. [PMID: 36948318 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric wastes are among the current major environmental problems due to potential pollution and contamination. Within the spectrum of polymeric waste, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have gained ground in recent research since these particles can affect the local biota, inducing toxic effects on several organisms. Different outcomes have been reported depending on particle sizes, shape, types, and exposed organisms and conditions, among other variables. This review aimed to compile and discuss the current knowledge and possible literature gaps regarding the MPs and NPs generation and their toxicological effects as stressors, considering polymer type (as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, or others), size (micro- or nano-scale), source (commercial, lab-synthesized, or environmental) and test organism group. In that sense, 615 publications were analyzed, among which 72 % discussed micro-sized plastics, while <28 % assayed the toxicity of NPs (<1 μm). For most polymers, MPs and NPs were commercially purchased and used without additional size reduction processes; except for polyethylene terephthalate studies that mostly used grinding and cutting methods to obtain MPs. Polystyrene (PS) was the main polymer studied, as both MPs and NPs. PS accounts for >90 % of NPs reports evaluated, reflecting a major literature gap if compared to its 35.3 % share on MPs studies. Among the main organisms, arthropods and fish combined accounted for nearly 40 % of toxicity testing. Overall, the different types of plastics showed a tendency to report toxic effects, except for the 'Survival/lethality' category, which might indicate that polymeric particles induce mostly sublethal toxic effects. Furthermore, despite differences in publication numbers, we observed greater toxicity reported for NPs than MPs with oxidative stress among the majorly investigated endpoints. This study allowed a hazard profile overview of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) and the visualization of literature gaps, under a broad diversity of toxicological evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kauê Pelegrini
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Talita Carneiro Brandão Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Thuany Garcia Maraschin
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lilian De Souza Teodoro
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nara Regina De Souza Basso
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Griselda Ligia Barrera De Galland
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP: 91570-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rosane Angelica Ligabue
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais, Escola Politécnica, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Mauricio Reis Bogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6690, CEP: 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, CEP: 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Zeng L, Zhou C, Xu W, Huang Y, Wang W, Ma Z, Huang J, Li J, Hu L, Xue Y, Luo T, Zheng L. The ovarian-related effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on human ovarian granulosa cells and female mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114941. [PMID: 37087970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have recently emerged in the context of global plastic pollution. They may be more toxic than macroplastics litter and microplastic fragments due to its abundances, tiny sizes, and cellular accessibility. The female reproductive toxicity of NPs has been widely documented for aquatic animals, but their effects and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood in mammals. This study aimed to explore the effects of NPs on female reproduction using human ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) and female mice. The accumulation of polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs) in human granulosa-like tumor cells (KGN cells) and the ovaries of female Balb/c mice were evaluated by exposure to fluorescent PS-NPs. Proliferation and apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Hippo signaling pathway-related factors were analyzed in KGN cells. In addition, fertility rate, litter size, ovarian weight and microstructure, follicle development, serum level of anti-Mullerian hormone, and apoptosis in ovaries were examined in female mice. Here, the PS-NPs can penetrate the KGN cells and accumulate in the ovaries. In vitro, 100 μg/ml PS-NPs inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, accumulated ROS, activated three key regulators of the Hippo signaling pathway (MST1, LATS1, and YAP1), and downregulated the mRNA levels of CTGF and Cyr61 in KGN cells. Furthermore, salidroside, an antioxidative compound extracted from Rhodiola rosea, alleviated the damage of PS-NPs to KGN and inhibited the activation of the Hippo signal pathway. In vivo, exposure to 1 mg/day PS-NPs resulted in decreased fertility, abnormal ovarian function, and increased ovarian apoptosis in female mice. Overall, our data suggest that PS-NPs cause granulosa cell apoptosis and affect ovarian functions, leading to reduced fertility in female mice, by inducing oxidative stress and dysregulating the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjie Zeng
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Chong Zhou
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Basic Medical College and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Yupei Huang
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Wencan Wang
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhangqiang Ma
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Liaoliao Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Yue Xue
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Basic Medical College and Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China.
| | - Liping Zheng
- School of Public Health and Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Pathology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
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12
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Novel method for augmented reality guided endodontics: an in vitro study. J Dent 2023; 132:104476. [PMID: 36905949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy in endodontics of a novel augmented reality (AR) method for guided access cavity preparation in 3D-printed jaws. METHODS Two operators with different levels of experience in endodontics performed pre-planned virtually guided access cavities through a novel markerless AR system developed by a team among the authors on three sets of 3D-printed jaw models using a 3D printer (Objet Connex 350, Stratasys) mounted on a phantom. After the treatment, a post-operative high-resolution CBCT scan (NewTom VGI Evo, Cefla) was taken for each model and registered to the pre-operative model. All the access cavities were then digitally reconstructed by filling the cavity area using 3D medical software (3-Matic 15.0, Materialise). For the anterior teeth and the premolars, the deviation at the coronal and apical entry points as well as the angular deviation of the access cavity were compared to the virtual plan. For the molars, the deviation at the coronal entry point was compared to the virtual plan. Additionally, the surface area of all access cavities at the entry point was measured and compared to the virtual plan. Descriptive statistics for each parameter were performed. A 95% confidence interval was calculated. RESULTS A total of 90 access cavities were drilled up to a depth of 4 mm inside the tooth. The mean deviation in the frontal teeth and in the premolars at the entry point was 0.51 mm and 0.77 mm at the apical point, with a mean angular deviation of 8.5° and a mean surface overlap of 57%. The mean deviation for the molars at the entry point was 0.63 mm, with a mean surface overlap of 82%. CONCLUSION The use of AR as a digital guide for endodontic access cavity drilling on different teeth showed promising results and might have potential for clinical use. However, further development and research might be needed before in vivo validation to overcome the limitations of the study.
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13
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Ballentine M, Kennedy A, Melby N, Bednar A, Moser R, Moores LC, Alberts EM, Laber CH, Crouch RA. Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Uncured Resin Feedstocks for Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing to a Cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia Dubia). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 110:56. [PMID: 36792856 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The accessibility and popularity of additive manufacturing (AM) has increased over the past decade. Environmental hazard assessment and safety data sheets for 3D printer feedstocks has lagged technology development. Vat photopolymerization may have unique risks relative to other AM technologies due to mishandling of uncured monomers/oligomer feedstocks and its decreasing cost enabling uninformed residential use. The acute and chronic toxicity of six uncured resins to Ceriodaphnia dubia was explored. Two-day acute toxicity (LC50) ranged from 2.6 to 33 mg/L and inhibition concentrations (IC25) values for reproduction ranged from 0.33 to 16 mg/L. Cleaning and waste management procedures recommended in user guides could be the most hazardous handling scenario as use of isopropyl alcohol increases miscibility and thus the fate, transport and bioavailability of the uncured resins. Residential users may often be poorly informed about potential toxicity and the need for a plan for use, handling, and waste management of uncured resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ballentine
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA.
| | - Alan Kennedy
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Macromolecules Innovation Institute, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Nicolas Melby
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Anthony Bednar
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Robert Moser
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Lee C Moores
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Erik M Alberts
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Charles H Laber
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Rebecca A Crouch
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, 39180, Vicksburg, MS, USA
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14
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Zaki MRM, Aris AZ. An overview of the effects of nanoplastics on marine organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154757. [PMID: 35339559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity and detrimental effects of plastics in the environment have become global environmental concerns over the past decade. Intensive anthropogenic activities, such as urbanisation, industrialisation and increasing population density, have resulted in increased plastic pollution in the environment. Recently, nanoplastics have received increased research attention and concern because of their potential adverse effects on marine organisms. However, the potential ecological issues associated with nanoplastics are not yet fully understood because of the insufficient and limited research conducted to date on baseline data, exposure and associated risks for marine organisms. This review highlights an understanding of the nature and characteristics of nanoplastics, as well as the occurrence of nanoplastics in the marine environment. In the future, the effects of nanoplastics on marine organisms may directly or indirectly influence human health. Thus, this review also highlights the effects of nanoplastics on marine organisms. An overview and insights into the occurrence of nanoplastics in marine environments and their potential effects on marine organisms will facilitate the preventative interventions and measures of nanoplastics pollution in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rozaimi Mohd Zaki
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050 Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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15
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Dai S, Ye R, Huang J, Wang B, Xie Z, Ou X, Yu N, Huang C, Hua Y, Zhou R, Tian B. Distinct lipid membrane interaction and uptake of differentially charged nanoplastics in bacteria. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:191. [PMID: 35428303 PMCID: PMC9011954 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoplastics have been recently found widely distributed in our natural environment where ubiquitously bacteria are major participants in various material cycles. Understanding how nanoplastics interact with bacterial cell membrane is critical to grasp their uptake processes as well as to analyze their associated risks in ecosystems and human microflora. However, little is known about the detailed interaction of differentially charged nanoplastics with bacteria. The present work experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that nanoplastics enter into bacteria depending on the surface charges and cell envelope structural features, and proved the shielding role of membrane lipids against nanoplastics. Results Positively charged polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NH2, 80 nm) can efficiently translocate across cell membranes, while negatively charged PS (PS-COOH) and neutral PS show almost no or much less efficacy in translocation. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the PS-NH2 displayed more favourable electrostatic interactions with bacterial membranes and was subjected to internalisation through membrane penetration. The positively charged nanoplastics destroy cell envelope of Gram-positive B. subtilis by forming membrane pore, while enter into the Gram-negative E. coli with a relatively intact envelope. The accumulated positively charged nanoplastics conveyed more cell stress by inducing a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the subsequently released membrane lipid-coated nanoplastics were nearly nontoxic to cells, and like wise, stealthy bacteria wrapped up with artifical lipid layers became less sensitive to the positively charged nanoplastics, thereby illustrating that the membrane lipid can shield the strong interaction between the positively charged nanoplastics and cells. Conclusions Our findings elucidated the molecular mechanism of nanoplastics’ interaction and accumulation within bacteria, and implied the shielding and internalization effect of membrane lipid on toxic nanoplastics could promote bacteria for potential plastic bioremediation. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01321-z.
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16
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Li Y, Wang Z, Guan B. Separation and identification of nanoplastics in tap water. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112134. [PMID: 34597658 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics pollution in freshwater has attracted global attentions, but when microplastics are broken into nanoplastics, they may present higher toxicity mainly due to their greater potential to cross biological membranes. So far almost no work has been done on the separation and identification of nanoplastics in tap water. Herein we removed large particles from tap water by 0.45 μm filter and then sequentially screened nanoparticles in filtrate by Anopore with pore size of 200, 100, and 20 nm, the most frequent particle sizes of which concentrate at 255 nm, 148 nm, and 58 nm, respectively. Based on characterization of FTIR, AFM-IR and Pyr-GC/MS, the polymers were identified to be polyolefins, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, and some plastic additives. The abundance of nanoplastics with the most frequent particle sizes in range of 58-255 nm was 1.67-2.08 μg/L in tap water. This work provides a feasible method for separation and identification of nanoplastics in tap water, and manifests the existence of nanoplastics, which poses a potential threat to the health of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zeqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Baohong Guan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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17
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Hughes MF, Clapper HM, Burgess RM, Ho KT. Human and ecological health effects of nanoplastics: may not be a tiny problem. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2021; 28:43-48. [PMID: 34957354 PMCID: PMC8693367 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are present in food, soil, water, air and personal care products, resulting in concern regarding exposure and potential adverse effects. NPs principally arise from the degradation of larger-sized plastic particles. The uptake and effects of NPs in humans is not yet known. However, recent laboratory studies have documented the uptake and adverse effects of NPs from the cellular to the community level. As NPs are in the size range of particles that can be absorbed by cells, research on these materials should be accelerated to properly assess their potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Hughes
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Chemical Characterization and Exposure Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Haley M Clapper
- Oak Ridge Institute for Sciences and Education, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Burgess
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Modeling and Measurement, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kay T Ho
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Modeling and Measurement, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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18
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Eder ML, Oliva-Teles L, Pinto R, Carvalho AP, Almeida CMR, Hornek-Gausterer R, Guimarães L. Microplastics as a vehicle of exposure to chemical contamination in freshwater systems: Current research status and way forward. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125980. [PMID: 34004584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by microplastics is increasing steadily worldwide, affecting all environments. Additionally, aquatic organisms are often exposed to mixtures of other contaminants, including various chemicals. Numerous studies reported adsorption of chemicals to microplastics, raising concern about their possible role as vehicles of exposure through transfer to biota. Nevertheless, until recently, the studies on the topic were mostly focused on the marine environment. In the past five years, however, plenty of publications contributed empirical data about freshwater ecosystems, raising the need for a critical appraisal of the information. Herein the scientific literature was reviewed and multivariate data analysis was done. The analysed studies employed widely different experimental designs, endpoints, test species, shapes and concentrations of various polymer types and chemicals, often not relevant for the freshwater environment. Our integrated analytical approach revealed unfathomable research gaps, given the theoretical knowledge available and lessons learned from research about the marine environment. Greater harmonization of laboratory studies investigating this topic is needed, as well as testing conditions reflecting real exposure scenarios. Furthermore, standardized testing protocols are urgently required to guide such experiments and improve the comparability of the results obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Lena Eder
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; University of Applied Sciences, FH Technikum Wien, Höchstädtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis Oliva-Teles
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Pinto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - António Paulo Carvalho
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Marisa R Almeida
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Laura Guimarães
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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3D and 4D printing: From innovation to evolution. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 294:102482. [PMID: 34274721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The world and science are moving forward nonstop. Every day, we see novel technologies that are coming to improve life quality. One of them is 3D printing or additive manufacturing. This technology covers the shortage of the current manufacturing technologies, and it has been enhanced by introducing smart materials like smart polymers as feed. The following product can adapt to circumstance conditions such as temperature changes, compression alteration, etc. These responses resulted in an advanced 3D printing technology called 4D printing. 3D and 4D printing technologies found their applications in all areas and industry sizes, from home-scale to large-scale industries. Regardless of all advantages of these technologies, there are still some shortages like low printing speed. But this never stops their progression and promotion. In this review, we aimed to cover general knowledge about 3D and 4D printing and their recent applications in various fields.
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Eco-Interactions of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Marine Environment: Towards an Eco-Design Framework. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11081903. [PMID: 34443734 PMCID: PMC8398366 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Marine nano-ecotoxicology has emerged with the purpose to assess the environmental risks associated with engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) among contaminants of emerging concerns entering the marine environment. ENMs’ massive production and integration in everyday life applications, associated with their peculiar physical chemical features, including high biological reactivity, have imposed a pressing need to shed light on risk for humans and the environment. Environmental safety assessment, known as ecosafety, has thus become mandatory with the perspective to develop a more holistic exposure scenario and understand biological effects. Here, we review the current knowledge on behavior and impact of ENMs which end up in the marine environment. A focus on titanium dioxide (n-TiO2) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), among metal-based ENMs massively used in commercial products, and polymeric NPs as polystyrene (PS), largely adopted as proxy for nanoplastics, is made. ENMs eco-interactions with chemical molecules including (bio)natural ones and anthropogenic pollutants, forming eco- and bio-coronas and link with their uptake and toxicity in marine organisms are discussed. An ecologically based design strategy (eco-design) is proposed to support the development of new ENMs, including those for environmental applications (e.g., nanoremediation), by balancing their effectiveness with no associated risk for marine organisms and humans.
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