1
|
He J, Li C, Tan X, Peng Z, Li H, Luo X, Tang L, Wei J, Tang C, Yang W, Jiang J, Xue S. Driving factors for distribution and transformation of heavy metals speciation in a zinc smelting site. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134413. [PMID: 38669935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution at an abandoned smelter pose a significant risk to environmental health. However, remediation strategies are constrained by inadequate knowledge of the polymetallic distribution, speciation patterns, and transformation factors at these sites. This study investigates the influence of soil minerals, heavy metal occurrence forms, and environmental factors on heavy metal migration behaviors and speciation transformations. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the minerals associated with heavy metals are mainly hematite, franklinite, sphalerite, and galena. Sequential extraction results suggest that lead and zinc are primarily present in the organic-sulfide fractions (F4) and residual form (F5) in the soil, accounting for over 70% of the total heavy metal content. Zinc displayed greater instability in carbonate-bound (16%) and exchangeable (2%) forms. The migration and diffusion patterns of heavy metals in the subsurface environment were visualized through the simulation of labile state heavy metals, demonstrating high congruence with groundwater pollution distribution patterns. The key environmental factors influencing heavy metal stable states (F4 and F5) were assessed by integrating random forest models and redundancy analysis. Primary factors facilitating Pb transformation into stable states were available phosphorus, clay content, depth, and soil organic matter. For Zn, the principal drivers were Mn oxides, soil organic matter, clay content, and inorganic sulfur ions. These findings enhance understanding of the distribution and transformation of heavy metal speciation and can provide valuable insights into controlling heavy metal pollution at non-ferrous smelting sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin He
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Chuxuan Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xingyao Tan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zhihong Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Haidong Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Xinghua Luo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
| | - Chongjian Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Weichun Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mahmood Al-Nuaimy MN, Azizi N, Nural Y, Yabalak E. Recent advances in environmental and agricultural applications of hydrochars: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:117923. [PMID: 38104920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar is a carbonaceous material that is generated through the process of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) from biomass, which has garnered considerable attention in recent years owing to its potential applications in a diverse range of fields, such as environmental remediation and agriculture. Hydrochar is produced from a diverse range of biomass waste materials and retains exceptional properties, including high carbon content, stability, and surface area, making it an optimal candidate for various enviro-agricultural applications. Moreover, it delves into the production process of hydrochar, with explicit emphasis on the optimization of certain properties during the production of hydrochar from bio-waste. Furthermore, the potential of hydrochar as an adsorbent and catalyst support for heavy metals and dyes was extensively explored, along with a soil remediation potential that can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough overview of hydrochar with a particular focus on its production, properties, and prospective applications. The significance of hydrochar is accentuated and the growing need for alternative sources of energy and materials that are environmentally sustainable is highlighted in this paper. Besides, the consequence of hydrochar on soil properties such as water-holding capacity, nutrient retention, and total soil porosity, as well as its influence on soil chemical properties such as cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, and surface functionality is scrutinized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nangyallai Azizi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Yahya Nural
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Erdal Yabalak
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang JW, Sun YY, Li QS, Zhou HZ, Li YH, Fan XX, Wang JF. Increased risk of heavy metal accumulation in mangrove seedlings in coastal wetland environments due to microplastic inflow. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123927. [PMID: 38582184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The recovery phase of mangrove seedlings in coastal wetland ecosystems can be negatively affected by exposure to external pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of microplastics (MPs) influx, specifically polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), on the growth of Aegiceras corniculatum seedlings and their accumulation of heavy metals (HMs). PS and PMMA significantly increased HMs accumulation (up to 21.0-548%), particularly in the roots of seedlings, compared to the control treatment (CK). Additionally, elevated activities of malondialdehyde and catalase enzymes were observed in the leaves of seedlings, while peroxidase enzyme activity decreased. Topological analysis of the root sediment microbiota coexistence network revealed that the modularization data increased from 0.69 (CK treatment) to 1.07 (PS treatment) and 5.11 (PMMA treatment) under the combined stress of MPs and HMs. This suggests that the introduction of MPs intensifies microbial modularization. The primary cause of increased HMs accumulation in plants is the MPs input, which influences the secretion of organic acids by plants and facilitates the shift of HMs in sediment to bioavailable states. Furthermore, changes in microbial clustering may also contribute to the elevated HMs accumulation in plants. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of external pollutants on mangrove seedlings and offers new perspectives for the preservation and restoration of mangrove coastal wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yun-Yun Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qu-Sheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huan-Zhan Zhou
- Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Investigation Center, China Geological Survey, 410600, China
| | - Yi-Hao Li
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Fan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment and Climate, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao M, Wang H, Sun J, Cai B, Tang R, Song X, Huang X, Liu Y, Fan Z. Human health risks of heavy metal(loid)s mediated through crop ingestion in a coal mining area in Eastern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116305. [PMID: 38599158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in soils can be accumulated by crops grown, which is accompanied by crop ingestion into the human body and then causes harm to human health. Hence, the health risks posed by HMs in three crops for different populations were assessed using Health risk assessment (HRA) model coupled with Monte Carlo simulation. Results revealed that Zn had the highest concentration among three crops; while Ni was the main polluting element in maize and soybean, and As in rice. Non-carcinogenic risk for all populations through rice ingestion was at an "unacceptable" level, and teenagers suffered higher risk than adults and children. All populations through ingestion of three crops might suffer Carcinogenic risk, with the similar order of Total carcinogenic risk (TCR): TCRAdults > TCRTeenagers > TCRChildren. As and Ni were identified as priority control HMs in this study area due to their high contribution rates to health risks. According to the HRA results, the human health risk was associated with crop varieties, HM species, and age groups. Our findings suggest that only limiting the Maximum allowable intake rate is not sufficient to prevent health risks caused by crop HMs, thus more risk precautions are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Zhao
- School of Resoureces and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaxun Sun
- Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, United States
| | - Boya Cai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyong Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinmiao Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Resoureces and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246133, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stojanov N, Maletić S, Beljin J, Đukanović N, Kiprovski B, Zeremski T. Enhancing Phytoextraction Potential of Brassica napus for Contaminated Dredged Sediment Using Nitrogen Fertilizers and Organic Acids. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:818. [PMID: 38592795 PMCID: PMC10976009 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Dredged sediment contaminated with heavy metals can be remediated through phytoremediation. The main challenge in phytoremediation is the limited availability of heavy metals for plant uptake, particularly in multi-contaminated soil or sediment. This study aimed to assess the effect of the nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate (AN), ammonium sulfate (AS), and urea (UR)), organic acids (oxalic (OA) and malic (MA) acids), and their combined addition to sediment on enhancing the bioavailability and phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metals. The sediment dredged from Begej Canal (Serbia) had high levels of Cr, Cd, Cu, and Pb and was used in pot experiments to cultivate energy crop rapeseed (Brassica napus), which is known for its tolerance to heavy metals. The highest accumulation and translocation of Cu, Cd, and Pb were observed in the treatment with AN at a dose of 150 mg N/kg (AN150), in which shoot biomass was also the highest. The application of OA and MA increased heavy metal uptake but resulted in the lowest biomass production. A combination of MA with N fertilizers showed high uptake and accumulation of Cr and Cu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadežda Stojanov
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.K.); (T.Z.)
| | - Snežana Maletić
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.M.); (J.B.); (N.Đ.)
| | - Jelena Beljin
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.M.); (J.B.); (N.Đ.)
| | - Nina Đukanović
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (S.M.); (J.B.); (N.Đ.)
| | - Biljana Kiprovski
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.K.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tijana Zeremski
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (B.K.); (T.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Valenzuela EI, Gutiérrez-Uribe JA, Franco-Morgado M, Cervantes-Avilés P. Navigating the waters of nixtamalization: Sustainable solutions for maize-processing wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168674. [PMID: 38007134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Maize-processing wastewater, also known as nejayote, does represent a widespread residue originating from both small- and large-scale factories that produce maize-based products using the alkaline maize-cooking process (nixtamalization). Nejayote is a high-strength wastewater containing significant concentrations of soluble and insoluble organic and inorganic compounds resulting from the disintegration of maize, as well as from the substantial quantity of lime (Ca(OH)2) used in the process. In order to make nixtamalization more sustainable in terms of water usage and to mitigate the health and environmental issues related to nejayote discharges into environmental matrices and public sewage systems, appropriate and effective treatment processes must be applied either before effluent disposal or for water reuse purposes. With this problematic as the central topic, we conducted a comprehensive review of relevant literature addressing this issue spanning from the mid-1980s to the present day. This review covers three primary aspects: i) the extensive variability observed in the physicochemical composition of maize-processing wastewater, ii) the various biological and physicochemical methods developed for its treatment, and iii) the potential for organic and mineral resource recovery from this waste. Although initial efforts to treat nejayote were left behind for decades, recent years have witnessed a resurgence of research interest in these research topics mainly underpinned by the urgency to conserve water resources. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the existing literature, we identified the existing limitations on nejayote treatment and identified prospects for developing robust and technically feasible treatment possibilities. Within this review, we propose three main approaches for wastewater treatment and water reuse: physicochemical-based technologies, bioprocess in tandem with membrane technology, and low-cost bioprocesses coupled to physicochemical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo I Valenzuela
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico
| | - Janet A Gutiérrez-Uribe
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico; Tecnológico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849 Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Mariana Franco-Morgado
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico; Tecnológico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849 Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Pabel Cervantes-Avilés
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Reserva Territorial Atlixcáyotl, Puebla 72453, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pavlík Z, Záleská M, Pavlíková M, Pivák A, Nábělková J, Jankovský O, Jiříčková A, Chmel O, Průša F. Simultaneous Immobilization of Heavy Metals in MKPC-Based Mortar-Experimental Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7525. [PMID: 38138666 PMCID: PMC10744662 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination, associated with the increase in industrial production and the development of the population in general, poses a significant risk in terms of the contamination of soil, water, and, consequently, industrial plants and human health. The presence of ecotoxic heavy metals (HMs) thus significantly limits the sustainable development of society and contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the environment as a whole. For this reason, the stabilization and immobilization of heavy metals is a very topical issue. This paper deals with the possibility of the simultaneous immobilization of heavy metals (Ba2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) in mortar based on magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC). The structural, mechanical, and hygric parameters of mortars artificially contaminated with heavy metals in the form of salt solutions were investigated together with the formed hydration products. In the leachates of the prepared samples, the content of HMs was measured and the immobilization ratio of each HM was determined. The immobilization rate of all the investigated HMs was >98.7%, which gave information about the effectiveness of the MKPC-based matrix for HM stabilization. Furthermore, the content of HMs in the leachates was below the prescribed limits for non-hazardous waste that can be safely treated without any environmental risks. Although the presence of heavy metals led to a reduction in the strength of the prepared mortar (46.5% and 57.3% in compressive and flexural strength, respectively), its mechanical resistance remained high enough for many construction applications. Moreover, the low values of the parameters characterizing the water transport (water absorption coefficient Aw = 4.26 × 10-3 kg·m-2·s-1/2 and sorptivity S = 4.0 × 10-6 m·s-1/2) clearly demonstrate the limited possibility of the leaching of heavy metals from the MKPC matrix structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zbyšek Pavlík
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Martina Záleská
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Milena Pavlíková
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Adam Pivák
- Department of Materials Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.Z.); (M.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Jana Nábělková
- Department of Sanitary and Ecological Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ondřej Jankovský
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Adéla Jiříčková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Oskar Chmel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Filip Průša
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.J.); (A.J.); (O.C.); (F.P.)
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Xu Y, Liang X, Wang L, Sun Y, Huang Q, Qin X. Ionomic analysis reveals the mechanism of mercaptosilane-modified palygorskite on reducing Cd transport from soil to wheat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:98091-98105. [PMID: 37603246 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Mercaptosilane-modified palygorskite (MP) can immobilize Cd in acid soil and reduce the enrichment of Cd in rice. However, the immobilization effect and its durability on alkaline field were unclear. Meanwhile, whether MP could reduce Cd in different wheat parts at different stages also needs further exploration. Here, we determined the dynamic change of Cd in soil and wheat at different periods, studied the interaction mechanism at key organs, and calculated the contribution of coexisting metals on the reduction of Cd to study the effect of MP on the transfer of Cd in soil-wheat system. Results showed MP was highly effective to immobilize Cd in alkaline farmland and could take effect during the whole growing season but not change pH values. DTPA-Cd and EXE-Cd of soil were reduced by 34.88-49.71% and 49.36-84.81%, respectively, while OX-Cd was increased by 34.61-43.60% at the whole stages. Cd in grains at maturity stage was reduced from 0.118 to 0.069 mg/kg, lower than the limit standard of the China and Codex Alimentarius Commission (0.1 mg/kg). Root and nodes were critical organs influenced by MP to reduce Cd in grains, and the reduction efficiency on wheat was relatively weak at flowering and filling stage. MP regulated the antagonism or synergy effects of coexisting elements on Cd to modulate the Cd accumulation in grains. Besides, the contributions of different elements on Cd were also evaluated by path models. This will provide an important basis for the precision remediation of Cd-polluted alkaline wheat fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingming Xu
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuefeng Liang
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebing Sun
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Qin
- Innovation Team of Remediation for Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmlands, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He X, Liu S, Huang X, Yu F, Li Y, Li F, Liu K. Effects of sulfate on the photosynthetic physiology characteristics of Hydrocotyle vulgaris under zinc stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:724-735. [PMID: 37544656 DOI: 10.1071/fp23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of sulfate on the zinc (Zn) bioaccumulation characteristics and photophysiological mechanisms of the ornamental plant Hydrocotyle vulgaris were explored using a hydroponic culture under three Zn concentrations (300, 500 and 700mgL-1 ) with (400μmolL-1 ) or without the addition of sulfate. Results showed that: (1) tissue Zn concentrations and total Zn contents increased with increasing hydroponic culture Zn concentrations; and sulfate addition decreased Zn uptake and translocation from roots to shoots; (2) Zn exposure decreased photosynthetic pigment synthesis, while sulfate changed this phenomenon, especially for chlorophyll a under 300mgL-1 Zn treatment; (3) Zn exposure decreased photosynthetic function, while sulfate had positive effects, especially on the photosynthetic rate (Pn ) and stomatal conductance (Gs ); and (4) chlorophyll fluorescence parameters related to light energy capture, transfer and assimilation were generally downregulated under Zn stress, while sulfate had a positive effect on these processes. Furthermore, compared to photosynthetic pigment synthesis and photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence was more responsive, especially under 300mgL-1 Zn treatment with sulfate addition. In general, Zn stress affected photophysiological processes at different levels, while sulfate decreased Zn uptake, translocation, and bioaccumulation and showed a positive function in alleviating Zn stress, ultimately resulting in plant growth promotion. All of these results provide a theoretical reference for combining H. vulgaris with sulfate application in the bioremediation of Zn-contaminated environments at the photophysiological level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fangming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Furong Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kehui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin 541004, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lv T, Xu X, Lv G, Xu C, Wang G, Zhang S, Yang Z, Cheng Z, Cai J, Li T, Pu Y, Gan W, Pu Z, Xiao G. Green remediation of Ni, Zn, and Cu in an electroplating contaminated site by wood vinegar with optimization and risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115108. [PMID: 37285674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wood vinegar (WV) is a renewable organic compound, possessing characteristics such as high oxygenated compound content and low negative impact on soil. Based on its weak acid properties and complexing ability to potentially toxic elements (PTEs), WV was used to leach Ni, Zn, and Cu contaminated soil in electroplating sites. In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was established to clarify the interaction between each single factor, and finally completed the risk assessment of the soil. The amounts of PTEs leached from the soil climbed with the increase of WV concentration, liquid-solid ratio, and leaching time, while they surged with the decrease of pH. Under optimal leaching circumstances (the concentration of WV= 100 %; washing time= 919 min; pH= 1.00), the removal rates of Ni, Zn, and Cu could reach 91.7 %, 57.8 %, and 65.0 %, respectively, and the WV-extracted PTEs were mainly from the Fe-Mn oxides fraction. After leaching, the Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) decreased from an initial value of 7.08 (indicating severe pollution) to 0.450 (indicating no pollution). The potential ecological risk index (RI) dropped from 274 (medium level) to 39.1 (low level). Additionally, the potential carcinogenic risk (CR) values reduced by 93.9 % for both adults and children. The results revealed that the washing process significantly reduced the pollution level, potential ecological risk, and health risk. Coupled with FTIR and SEM-EDS analysis, the mechanism of WV removal of PTEs could be explained from three aspects: acid activation, H+ ion exchange, and functional group complexation. In summary, WV is an eco-friendly and high-efficiency leaching material for the remediation of PTEs polluted sites, which will maintain soil function and protect human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Lv
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxun Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Guochun Lv
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changlian Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guiyin Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhanbiao Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment Protection of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junzhuo Cai
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulin Pu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenzhi Gan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhien Pu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangli Xiao
- Sichuan Keyuan Engineering Technology Testing Center Co., LTD, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li Y, Zhu N, Hu W, Liu YR, Jia W, Lin G, Li H, Li Y, Gao Y, Zhao J. New insights into sulfur input induced methylmercury production and accumulation in paddy soil and rice. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131602. [PMID: 37178535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur has a high affinity for mercury (Hg) and can serve as effective treating agent for Hg pollution. However, conflict effects between reducing Hg mobility and promoting Hg methylation by sulfur were found in recent studies, and there is a gap in understanding the potential mechanism of MeHg production under different sulfur-treated species and doses. Here, we investigated and compared the MeHg production in Hg-contaminated paddy soil and its accumulation in rice under elemental sulfur or sulfate treatment at a relatively low (500 mg·kg-1) or high (1000 mg·kg-1) level. The associated potential molecular mechanisms are also discussed with the help of density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Pot experiments demonstrate that both elemental sulfur and sulfate at high exposure levels increased MeHg production in soil (244.63-571.72 %) and its accumulation in raw rice (268.73-443.50 %). Coupling the reduction of sulfate or elemental sulfur and decrease of soil redox potential leads to the detachment of Hg-polysulfide complexes from the surface of HgS which can be explained by DFT calculations. Enhancement of free Hg and Fe release through reducing Fe(III) oxyhydroxides further promotes soil MeHg production. The results provide clues for understanding the mechanism by which exogenous sulfur promotes MeHg production in paddies and paddy-like environments and give new insights for decreasing Hg mobility by regulating soil conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas, College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian 351100, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nali Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas, College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Jia
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology-Toxicological Effects & Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas, College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian 351100, China
| | - Guoming Lin
- Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuxi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiating Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu C, Qin L, Li Y, Zu Y, Wang J. Effects of Different Sulfur Compounds on the Distribution Characteristics of Subcellular Lead Content in Arabis alpina L. var. parviflora Franch under Lead Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:874. [PMID: 36840222 PMCID: PMC9963852 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur plays a vital role in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soil. The effects of different sulfur forms (S Na2S, and Na2SO4) on lead (Pb) absorption in hyperaccumulator Arabis alpina L. var. parviflora Franch were studied in a soil pot experiment. The subcellular sulfur and lead enrichment characteristics in A. alpina were studied by adding sulfur in different forms and concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mg·kg-1) to Pb-contaminated soil. The results show that the root and shoot biomass increased by 1.94 times under Na2S and Na2SO4 treatment, and the root-shoot ratio of A. alpina increased 1.62 times under the three forms of sulfur treatments, compared with the control. Sulfur content in cell walls and soluble fractions of the root and shoot of A. alpina significantly increased 3.35~5.75 times and decreased 5.85 and 9.28 times in the organelles under 150 mg·kg-1 Na2SO4 treatment. Meanwhile, Pb content in the root and shoot cell walls of A. alpina significantly increased by 3.54 and 2.75 times, respectively. Pb content in the shoot soluble fraction increased by 3.46 times, while it significantly reduced by 3.78 times in the shoot organelle. Pb content in the root organelle and soluble fraction decreased by 2.72 and 2.46 times. Different forms and concentrations of sulfur had no regularity in the effect of Pb and sulfur content in the subcellular components of A. alpina, but the bioconcentration and translocation factors of A. alpina increased compared with the control. Under different concentrations of Na2SO4, there was a significant positive correlation between the contents of sulfur and Pb in the subcellular components of the root of A. alpina (p < 0.05). These results indicate that sulfur application can enhance the Pb resistance of A. alpina by strengthening the cell wall fixation and vacuolar compartmentalization.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cao Y, Ma C, Yu H, Tan Q, Dhankher OP, White JC, Xing B. The role of sulfur nutrition in plant response to metal(loid) stress: Facilitating biofortification and phytoremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130283. [PMID: 36370480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal(loid)s contamination poses a serious threat to ecosystem biosafety and human health. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology with good public acceptance, although the process does require a significant amount of time for success. To enhance the phytoremediation efficiency, numerous approaches have been explored, including soil amendments application with chelators to facilitate remediation. Sulfur (S), a macronutrient for plant growth, plays vital roles in several metabolic pathways that can actively affect metal(loid)s phytoextraction, as well as attenuate metal(loid) toxicity. In this review, different forms of S-amendments (fertilizers) on uptake and translocation in plants upon exposure to various metal(loid) are evaluated. Possible mechanisms for S application alleviating metal(loid) toxicity are documented at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Furthermore, this review highlights the crosstalk between S-assimilation and other biomolecules, such as phytohormones, polyamines and nitric oxide, which are also important for metal(loid) stress tolerance. Given the effectiveness and potential of S amendments on phytoremediation, future studies should focus on optimizing phytoremediation efficiency in long-term field studies and on investigating the appropriate S dose to maximize the food safety and ecosystem health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo Z, Zhang Y, Xu R, Xie H, Xiao X, Peng C. Contamination vertical distribution and key factors identification of metal(loid)s in site soil from an abandoned Pb/Zn smelter using machine learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159264. [PMID: 36208763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil heterogeneity makes the vertical distribution of metal(loid)s in site soil vary considerably and poses a challenge for identifying the key factors of metal(loid)s migration in site soil profiles. In this study, a machine learning (ML) model was developed to study a typical abandoned Pb/Zn smelter using 267 site soils from 46 drilling points. Results showed that a well-trained ML model could be used to identify the key factors in determining the contamination vertical distribution and predict the metal(loid)s contents in subsurface soil. As, Cd, Pb, and Zn were the primary pollutants and their vertical migration depth arrived to 4-6 m. Based on the predictive performance of different ML algorithms, the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) was selected as the best model to produce accurate predictions for the most metal(loid)s content. Contents of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in the heavily contaminated zones declined with an increase of soil depth. The metal(loid) contents in surface soil of 0-2 m could be readily used to predict the content of Cd, Cr, Hg, and Zn in subsurface soil from 2 m to 10 m. Based on the metal-specific XGB models, sulfur content, functional area, and soil texture were identified as key factors affecting the vertical distribution of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in site soil. Results suggested the ML method is helpful to manage the potential environmental risks of metal(loid)s in Pb/Zn smelting site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Guo
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Huimin Xie
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Chi Peng
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu Y, Bi R, Li Y. Effects of anthropogenic and natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of trace elements in agricultural soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114436. [PMID: 36525951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of trace elements in agricultural soils directly affect the ecological security and quality of agricultural products. A comprehensive study aimed at quantitatively analyze the effects of anthropogenic and natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of heavy metals (HMs) and selenium (Se) in agricultural soils in a typical grain producing area of China. Factors considered in this study were parent rock, soil physicochemical properties, topography, precipitation, mine activity, and vegetation. Results showed that the median values of Zn, Cd, Cr, and Cu of 111 topsoil samples exceeded the background values of Guangxi province but were lower than the relevant national soil quality standards, and 85% of soil samples were classified as having rich Se levels (0.40 -3.0 mg kg-1). The potential ecological risk index of soil heavy metals as a whole was low, with Cd in 9% of the samples posing moderate ecological risk. The concentrations of heavy metals and Se were relatively high in soils from shale rock. Soil properties, mainly Fe2O3 and Mn played a dominant role on soil HMs and Se concentrations. Based on GeoDetector, we found that the interaction effects of two factors on the spatial differentiation of soil HMs and Se were greater than their sum effect. Among the factors, Mn enhanced the explanatory power of the model the most when interacting with other factors for soil Zn; the greatest interactive effect was between distance from mining area and Mn for Cd (q = 0.70); Fe2O3 significantly promoted the spatial differentiation of soil Cr, Cu and Se when interacting with other factors (q > 0.50). These findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors that drive the distribution of HMs and Se in agricultural soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Rutian Bi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bashir S, Bashir S, Gulshan AB, Iqbal J, Diao ZH, Hassan W, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Chen Z. Efficiency of Soil Amendments for Copper Removal and Brassica Juncea (L.) Growth in Wastewater Irrigated Agricultural Soil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:1075-1080. [PMID: 36326843 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is becoming a massive challenge for sustainable agriculture. Particularly, copper (Cu) presence in wastewater poses a great threat to the food chain quality. Thus, scientists need to address this issue by using chemical and organic soil amendments to restore the soil ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims to examine the efficacy of sulphur, compost, acidified animal manure and sesame straw biochar for Cu immobilization, adsorption and Brassica growth in wastewater irrigated soil. The current findings presented that all the soil amendments prominently improved brassica yield and significantly minimized the Cu uptake by Brassica shoots and roots in sesame straw biochar (SB) (64.2% and 50.2%), compost (CP) (48% and 32.5%), acidified manure (AM) (37% and 23.2%) and Sulphur (SP) (16% and 3.1%) respectively relative to untreated soil. In addition, Cu bioavailability was reduced by 51%, 34%, 16.6%, and 7.4% when SB, CP, AM, and SP were incorporated in wastewater irrigated polluted soil. The Cu adsorption isotherm results also revealed that SB treated soil has great potential to increase Cu adsorption capacity by 223 mg g- 1 over control 89 mg g- 1. Among all the treatments, SB and CP were considered suitable candidates for the restoration of Cu polluted alkaline nature soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Safdar Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 510225, Guangzhou, China
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu H, Luo L, Jiang G, Li G, Zhu C, Meng W, Zhang J, Jiao Q, Du P, Li X, Fahad S, Jie X, Liu S. Sulfur enhances cadmium bioaccumulation in Cichorium intybus by altering soil properties, heavy metal availability and microbial community in contaminated alkaline soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155879. [PMID: 35568178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination seriously threatens the soil health and food safety. Combination of amendment and accumulator plant is a green and effective technique to improve phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated alkaline soil. In this study, a potting experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of sulfur on Cd phytoextraction by Cichorium intybus (chicory). Soil chemical and microbial properties were determined to reveal the mechanism of sulfur-assisting Cd phytoremediation by chicory. Soil pH decreased from 7.77 to the lowest 7.30 with sulfur addition (0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g kg-1, LS, MS and HS treatment); Electric conductivity, sulfate anion and available cadmium concentration increased gradually with increasing sulfur doses. Cd concentration of shoot and root significantly increased from 1.47 to 4.43 mg kg-1, 6.15 to 20.16 mg kg-1 by sulfur treatment relative to CK, which were attributed to increased available Cd concentration induced by decreased pH. Sulfur treatments significantly increased the Cd bioconcentration factor by 64.1%, 118.6%, 201.0% for shoot, 76.3%, 145.6% and 227.7% for root under LS, MS and HS relative to CK treatment, respectively (P < 0.05). However, only MS treatment significantly improved the Cd removal efficiency by 82.9% in comparison of CK treatment (P < 0.05). Microbial community diversity measured by 16SrRNA showed that Thiobacillus and Actinobacteria were the key and dominant strains of soil microbial communities after sulfur addition, which played a pivotal role in the process of sulfur oxidation involved in decrease of soil pH and the transformation of Cd forms. Correlation analysis and path analysis by structural equation model indicated that soil sulfate anion and Thiobacillus directly affected Cd removal efficiency by chicory in Cd-contaminated alkaline soil. This suggests that combination of sulfur and chicory may provide a way to promote Cd bioaccumulation for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated alkaline soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Lan Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guiying Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Gezi Li
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Changwei Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Weiwei Meng
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qiujuan Jiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Pengqiang Du
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xuanzhen Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Xiaolei Jie
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen L, Zhou M, Wang J, Zhang Z, Duan C, Wang X, Zhao S, Bai X, Li Z, Li Z, Fang L. A global meta-analysis of heavy metal(loid)s pollution in soils near copper mines: Evaluation of pollution level and probabilistic health risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155441. [PMID: 35469881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of the mining industry, the pollution of heavy metal(loid)s in soils near copper (Cu) mining sites is a significant concern worldwide. However, the pollution status and probabilistic health risks of heavy metal(loid)s of soils associated with Cu mines, have rarely been studied on a global scale. In this study, eight heavy metal(loid) concentrations in soil samples taken near 102 Cu mining sites worldwide were obtained through a literature review. Based on this database, the heavy metal(loid) pollution and ecological risk in soils near Cu mines were evaluated. Most of the study sites exceeded the moderately to heavily polluted levels of Cu and Cd; compared to other regions, higher pollution levels were observed at sites in Oman, China, Australia, and the United Kingdom. Soil pollution by Cd, Pb, and Zn at agricultural sites was higher than that in non-agricultural sites. In addition, these heavy metal(loid)s produced a high ecological risk to soils around Cu mining sites in which the contribution of Cd, Cu, and As reached up to 46.5%, 21.7%, and 18.4%, respectively. The mean hazard indices of the eight heavy metal(loid)s were 0.209 and 0.979 for adults and children, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation further predicted that 1.40% and 29.9% of non-carcinogenic risk values for adults and children, respectively, exceeded the safe level of 1.0. Moreover, 84.5% and 91.0% of the total cancer risk values for adults and children, respectively, exceeded the threshold of 1E-04. Arsenic was the main contributor to non-carcinogenic risk, while Cu had the highest exceedance of carcinogenic risk. Our findings indicate that the control of Cu, Cd, and As should be prioritized because of their high incidence and significant risks in soils near Cu mines. These results provide valuable inputs for policymakers in designing effective strategies for reducing the exposure of heavy metal(loid)s in this area worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mingxi Zhou
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jingzhe Wang
- MNR Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental Monitoring of Great Bay Area, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urban Informatics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chengjiao Duan
- State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaohan Bai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Agrosphere (IBG-3), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Zimin Li
- Universit'e catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute, Soil Science, Louvain-La-Neuve 1348, Belgium
| | - Linchuan Fang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou X, Shi A, Rensing C, Yang J, Ni W, Xing S, Yang W. Wood vinegar facilitated growth and Cd/Zn phytoextraction of Sedum alfredii Hance by improving rhizosphere chemical properties and regulating bacterial community. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 305:119266. [PMID: 35413404 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil Cd and Zn contamination has become a serious environmental problem. This work explored the performance of wood vinegar (WV) in enhancing the phytoextraction of Cd/Zn by hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance. Rhizosphere chemical properties, enzyme activities and bacterial community were analyzed to determine the mechanisms of metal accumulation in this process. Results demonstrated that, after 120 days growth, different times dilution of WV increased the shoot biomass of S. alfredii by 85.2%-148%. In addition, WV application significantly increased soil available Cd and Zn by lowing soil pH, which facilitated plant uptake. The optimal Cd and Zn phytoextraction occurred from the 100 times diluted WV (D100), which increased the Cd and Zn extraction by 188% and 164%, compared to CK. The 100 and 50 times diluted WV significantly increased soil total and available carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and enhancing enzyme activities of urease, acid phosphatase, invertase and protease by 10.1-21.4%, 29.1-42.7%,12.2-38.3% and 26.8-85.7%, respectively, compared to CK. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the D 100 significantly increased the bacterial diversity compared to CK. Soil bacterial compositions at phylum, family and genera level were changed by WV addition. Compared to CK, WV application increased the relative abundances of genus with plant growth promotion and metal mobilization function such as, Bacillus, Gemmatimonas, Streptomyces, Sphingomonas and Polycyclovorans, which was positively correlated to biomass, Cd/Zn concentrations and extractions by S. alfredii. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that, soil chemical properties, enzyme activities and bacterial abundance directly or indirectly contributed to the biomass promotion, Cd, and Zn extraction by S. alfredii. To sum up, WV improved phytoextraction efficiency by enhancing plant growth, Cd and Zn extraction and increasing soil nutrients, enzyme activities, and modifying bacterial community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - An Shi
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wuzhong Ni
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shihe Xing
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenhao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation of Fujian Provincial University, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cadmium in Rice Is Affected by Fertilizer-Borne Chloride and Sulfate Anions: Long-Term Field Versus Pot Experiments. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of Cl− and SO42− based fertilizers on the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice plants, a long-term experiment, which has been conducted since 1975, and a short-term pot experiment were designed. The results of the long-term experiment showed that the highest total grain Cd was found in the treatment of fertilizers with rich Cl−, which was 72.7% higher compared to conventional fertilization (CF). However, there was no significant difference between the CF and fertilization with rich SO42− treatments. This phenomenon can be explained by the concentrations of the EDTA extractable Cd being significantly increased by 60% under Cl− treatment, while SO42− treatment showed no significant effect. In the short-term trail, compared to CF, Cd concentrations in the roots increased by 1.07 and 0.93 times in the Cl− and SO42− treated soils, respectively, under Cd1.2 exposure. Meanwhile, Cd concentrations in the shoots enhanced by 96% in Cl− treated soil but decreased by 34.6% in SO42− treated soil. It was therefore concluded that fertilizer-borne Cl− significantly increased the Cd concentration in rice grains in the long-term experiment, but fertilizer-borne SO42− had no significant effect on the Cd concentration in rice grains. However, in the pot experiment, SO42−based fertilizers decreased Cd transport to the shoots of a rice plant grown in a Cd contaminated soil. These findings will improve the rational fertilization of Cd contaminated soils and the production of safer rice.
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang S, Shu R, Yin X, Long Y, Yuan J. Response of Soil Microbial Community Structure Mediated by Sulfur-Induced Resistance Against Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883463. [PMID: 35707168 PMCID: PMC9190984 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is a major threat to kiwifruit worldwide, and effective control measures are still lacking. Sulfur, as a mineral, has been proved to improve plants' resistance to pathogens. It is of great significance to study the effect of sulfur on rhizosphere microorganisms in kiwifruit planting areas infected by Psa for controlling kiwifruit canker. In this study, the sulfur powder and organic fertilizer were mixed as base fertilizer to treat the soil in the area where kiwifruit bacterial canker occurs. We investigated the incidence of kiwifruit bacterial canker in 2018 and 2019 after sulfur application and the changes in microbial characteristics and community composition structure in the kiwifruit rhizosphere by using the plate-counting method and high-throughput sequencing technology. Fertilization treatments of kiwifruit roots with sulfur and organic fertilizer reduced kiwifruit bacterial canker severity. The diversity of soil microbial communities increased significantly after sulfur application in the range of 1.0~2.0 kg/m3. In particular, the bacterial genera level showed a high diversity after 2 years of sulfur application, reaching more than 516 genera. Furthermore, sulfur treatment resulted in a significant increase in specific microbial taxa, including members of the Acidothermus, norank_f__HSB_OF53-F07, and norank_f __Acidobacteriaceae__Subgroup_1. Moreover, the proportion of the dominant bacteria Acidothermus in the population showed an increasing trend. Altogether, the sulfur application is the key factor leading to microbial differences in kiwifruit rhizosphere soil. Appropriate sulfur can improve microbial structure characteristics of kiwifruit rhizosphere soil, increase bacterial diversity index, and change bacterial community composition structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ran Shu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianhui Yin
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Youhua Long
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Institute of Crop Protection, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Estimation of Copper and Cadmium Bioavailability in Contaminated Soil Remediated by Different Plants and Micron Hydroxyapatite. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:3565550. [PMID: 35706847 PMCID: PMC9192303 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3565550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-year in situ remediation experiment was carried out to understand the effect of combined phytoremediation with chemical materials on the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil. Indigenous weed (Setaria pumila), energy plant (Pennisetum sp.), cadmium (Cd)-hyperaccumulator (Sedum plumbizincicola), and copper (Cu)-tolerant plant (Elsholtzia splendens) were used as the phytoremediation plants aided by micron hydroxyapatite (1% wt). The bioavailability of Cu and Cd in soil was evaluated during the three years. The results showed that the four plants combined with micron hydroxyapatite significantly increased soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC), and decreased Cu and Cd fractions extracted by CaCl2 and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) than the untreated soils, respectively. Because of the large biomass, the accumulation of Cu and Cd is the largest in Pennisetum sp. followed by Elsholtzia splendens, Sedum plumbizincicola, and Setaria pumila. The bioavailability of Cu and Cd is significantly negatively correlated with pH, soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Moreover, the correlation is mainly related to the addition of micron hydroxyapatite. The accumulation of Cu and Cd is the combined action of the soil bioavailability of Cu, Cd, and biomass. Our results suggest that Pennisetum sp. can act as an appropriate remediation plant for phytoremediation aided by amendments.
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu X, Hu C, Zhu Z, Riaz M, Liu X, Dong Z, Liu Y, Wu S, Tan Z, Tan Q. Migration of Chlorine in Plant-Soil-Leaching System and Its Effects on the Yield and Fruit Quality of Sweet Orange. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:744843. [PMID: 34707630 PMCID: PMC8542884 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.744843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl) is indispensable for the growth of plants. While rarely systematic reports are available for the effect of Cl-containing fertilizers on citrus production. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of various Cl-containing fertilizers on the nutrients in the leaves, the yield and quality of sweet orange, and the Cl migration in the plant-soil-leaching system. A 5-year field experiment (2016-2020) with five Cl treatments (0, 75, 150, 450, and 900 kg ha-1), and soil core lysimeter test with five Cl levels (0, 150, 225, 300, and 450 kg ha-1) were carried out. The results showed that 77.0% of Cl leached into above 60 cm deeper soil layer, with calcium as the main accompanying ions, resulting in less Cl being absorbed by the citrus plants. The content of Cl in the leaves and soil was enhanced by the increasing input of Cl-containing fertilizer, without yearly increased characteristics, under a mean annual rainfall of 1,474 mm. Chlorine significantly increased the yield (13.24-37.8 9%), fruit weight, and vitamin C (Vc), in addition to enhancing the flavor and the juice yield of sweet orange via improving the absorption of N and K. Moreover, the long-term application of potassium sulfate has elevated the accumulation of sulfur in the soil and in leaves; it is becoming a potential risk factor for citrus production. Taken together, the application of Cl-containing fertilizer in sweet orange is feasible, and trace absorbance of Cl could improve the yield and fruit quality of sweet orange.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Liu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongying Zhu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihao Dong
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Songwei Wu
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenhua Tan
- Xiangnan Navel Orange Comprehensive Test Station, Hunan, China
| | - Qiling Tan
- Micro-Element Research Center/Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New Fertilizers, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiling Tan
| |
Collapse
|