1
|
do Nascimento WC, Ramo LB, da Silva FF, C U Araujo M, I E de Andrade S, Bichinho KM. One-step microwave-assisted synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots for determination of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124669. [PMID: 38909560 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using chemical precursors with different organic groups is a strategy to improve optical properties and expand applications in several fields of research such as Analytical Chemistry. Ascorbic acid and riboflavin are widely used in human food supplementation, making quality monitoring of these vitamin supplements relevant and necessary. In this work, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic, sodium thiosulfate and urea were applied to obtain CQDs through a single-step microwave-assisted synthesis. The CQDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited satisfactory and stable optical properties with luminescence at 430 nm, water solubility, and fluorescence quantum yield of 8.9 %. They were applied in the quantification of ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements. The fluorescence mechanisms observed were dynamic quenching for the CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor, followed by a return of fluorescence in the presence of ascorbic acid, and static quenching and inner filter effect in the interaction with riboflavin. Factorial designs 23 and 24 were used to optimize the analytical parameters. The CQDs/Cr(VI) sensor used in the determination of ascorbic acid, employing an on-off-on strategy, resulted in a linear range of 0.5 to 50 µg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.15 µg mL-1. The ratiometric fluorescence used in the determination of riboflavin resulted in a linear range of 0.1 to 7 µg mL-1 and a limit of detection of 0.09 µg mL-1. The analytical results for ascorbic acid were compared to the reference method of the Brazilian pharmacopeia, showing accuracy and precision according to the Brazilian Health Regulation Agency. Therefore, the synthesized CQDs were used to determine ascorbic acid and riboflavin in vitamin supplements, and the application of this nanomaterial can be expanded to different analytes and matrices, using simple and low-cost analysis techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wallis C do Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Luciano B Ramo
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Fausthon F da Silva
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Mario C U Araujo
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Stéfani I E de Andrade
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| | - Kátia M Bichinho
- Universidade Federal Da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Da Natureza, Departamento de Química, 58051-900 João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Lotfy VF, Basta AH, Liu H, Fu S. Carbon quantum dots derived from rice straw doped with N and S and its nanocomposites with hydroxypropyl cellulose nanocomposite. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134925. [PMID: 39217044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
As biomass, rice straw (RS) is often valorized as a precursor of green products. In this respect, the RS-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are synthesized doped with N and S during the preparation. Synergistic doping with lipoic acid and ethylenediamine can vastly increase the yield of CQD from rice straw from 6.14 % to 62.8 %, and sulfur doping plays a more important role on the surface functional groups of the quantum dots. Further assessment is achieved toward the performance of SN-CQDs-hydroxypropyl cellulose nanocomposites. The optical behavior of synthesized SN-CQDs, and the critical concentration of its liquid crystal behaviors, at which the anisotropic phase begins to emerge, is approximately 1 %. Incorporating it into HPC, especially at 5 %, provided nanocomposite films with effective liquid crystal, tensile strength, and thermal stability. This sample's texture reveals a planar structure with colors ranging from yellow to red. The synergistic effect of incorporating SN-CQDs is shown by improving the strength to ~282.1 %, and the activation energy increased from 583.6 kJ.mol-1 to 615.1 kJ/mol. HPC-SN-CQDs can be assembled into an LED device, emitting warm light, of which CIE coordinate is (0.34,0.43).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuedi Yang
- State Key Lab. of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Vivian F Lotfy
- Cellulose &Paper Dept., National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Altaf H Basta
- Cellulose &Paper Dept., National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Lab. of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shiyu Fu
- State Key Lab. of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shang J, Zhou Q, Wang K, Wei Y. Engineering of Green Carbon Dots for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:4508. [PMID: 39339503 PMCID: PMC11434350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are attracting increasing research attention due to their exceptional attributes, including their biocompatibility, water solubility, minimal toxicity, high photoluminescence, and easy functionalization. Green CDs, derived from natural sources such as fruits and vegetables, present advantages over conventionally produced CDs, such as cost-effectiveness, stability, simplicity, safety, and environmental friendliness. Various methods, including hydrothermal and microwave treatments, are used to synthesize green CDs, which demonstrate strong biocompatibility, stability, and luminescence. These properties give green CDs versatility in their biological applications, such as bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. This review summarizes the prevalent synthesis methods and renewable sources regarding green CDs; examines their optical features; and explores their extensive biological applications, including in bioimaging, biosensing, drug/gene delivery, antimicrobial and antiviral effects, formatting of mathematical components, cancer diagnosis, and pharmaceutical formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yunlin Wei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.S.); (Q.Z.); (K.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Selvaraj H, Bruntha G, Ilangovan A. Synthesis of Carbon Dots via Microwave-Assisted Process: Specific Sensing of Fe(III) and Antibacterial Activity. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03845-z. [PMID: 39002053 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03845-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots synthesized from a renewable and sustainable source of biomass have greater attention in the nanomaterial research field. In the present study, we adopted a facile and green synthesis of carbon dots from bio waste of pumpkin seeds using a one-pot microwave-assisted carbonization method. The synthesized carbon dots exhibit excellent photoluminescence properties with a bright blue emission peak at 399 nm and fluorescence quantum yield was about 9.5%. The optical properties and structure of carbon dots were examined using various spectroscopy techniques and the synthesized carbon practical size was about 4.37 nm and possessed good solubility in water. Carbon dots were used for the detection of Ferric ions in the water bodies and the interaction between Fe3+ ions and carbon dots was evaluated by fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. This method is a simple and selective detection of Fe3+ in the aqueous medium. Interestingly carbon dots also show good antibacterial activity at a very low concentration (1 mg/L) for effective control of E. coli 93% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (81%), within 12 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosimin Selvaraj
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
| | - Ganapathy Bruntha
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Andivelu Ilangovan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu J, Huang BB, Lai CM, Lu YS, Shao JW. Advancements in the synthesis of carbon dots and their application in biomedicine. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 255:112920. [PMID: 38669742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
As a sort of fluorescent carbon nanomaterial with a particle size of less than 10 nm, carbon dots (CDs) have their own merits of good dispersibility in water, stable optical properties, strong chemical inertness, stable optical properties, and good biosecurity. These excellent peculiarities facilitated them like sensing, imaging, medicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics, making them a new star in the field of nanotechnology. In particular, the development of CDs in the fields of chemical probes, imaging, cancer therapy, antibacterial and drug delivery has become a hot topic in current research. Although the biomedical applications in CDs have been demonstrated in many research articles, a systematic summary of their role in biomedical applications is scarce. In this review, we introduced the basic information of CDs in detail, including synthesis approaches of CDs as well as their favorable properties including photoluminescence and low cytotoxicity. Subsequently, the application of CDs in the field of biomedicine was emphasized. Finally, the main challenges and research prospects of CDs in this field were proposed, which might provide some detailed information in designing new CDs in this promising biomedical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Bing-Bing Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Chun-Mei Lai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Lu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jing-Wei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vijeata A, Chaudhary GR, Chaudhary S, Ibrahim AA, Umar A. Recent advancements and prospects in carbon-based nanomaterials derived from biomass for environmental remediation applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141935. [PMID: 38636909 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The conversion of waste biomass into a value-added carbonaceous nanomaterial highlights the appealing power of biomass valorization. The advantages of using sustainable and cheap biomass precursors exhibit the tremendous opportunity for boosting energy production and their application in environmental remediation processes. This review emphasis the development and production of carbon-based nanomaterials derived from biomass, which possess favourable characteristics such as biocompatibility and photoluminescence. The advantages and limitations of various nanomaterials synthesised from different precursors were also discussed with insights into their physicochemical properties. The surface morphology of the porous nanomaterials is also explored along with their characteristic properties like regenerative nature, non-toxicity, ecofriendly nature, unique surface area, etc. The incorporation of various functional groups confers superiority of these materials, resulting in unique and advanced functional properties. Further, the use of these biomass derived nanomaterials was also explored in different applications like adsorption, photocatalysis and sensing of hazardous pollutants, etc. The challenges and outcomes obtained from different carbon-based nanomaterials are briefly outlined and discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Vijeata
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ganga Ram Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Savita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Ahmed A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, and Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran-11001, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yalshetti S, Thokchom B, Bhavi SM, Singh SR, Patil SR, Harini BP, Sillanpää M, Manjunatha JG, Srinath BS, Yarajarla RB. Microwave-assisted synthesis, characterization and in vitro biomedical applications of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.-mediated carbon quantum dots. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9915. [PMID: 38689005 PMCID: PMC11061284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have garnered considerable attention as a promising material for biomedical applications because of their unique optical and biological properties. In this study, CQDs were derived from the leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. via microwave-assisted technique and characterized using different techniques such as ultraviolet-visible, Fourier transform infrared, fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Subsequently, their potential for biomedical applications was investigated through in vitro assays assessing scratch healing, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity properties. It was found that the CQDs were fluorescent, polycrystalline, quasi-spherical, ~ 12 nm in size with presence of -OH and -COOH groups on their negatively charged surfaces, and demonstrated good anti-inflammatory by inhibiting protein denaturation, cyclooxygenase-2 and regulating inflammatory cytokines. The CQDs also exhibited antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus, good biocompatibility, along with excellent promotion of cell proliferation in vitro, indicating their potential as a anti-inflammatory and wound healing material. The properties were more enhanced than their precursor, H. rosa-sinensis leaf extract. Hence, the CQDs synthesized from the leaves of H. rosa-sinensis can serve as a potential biomedical agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Yalshetti
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India
| | - Bothe Thokchom
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India
| | - Santosh Mallikarjun Bhavi
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India
| | - Sapam Riches Singh
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India
| | - Sneha R Patil
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India
| | - B P Harini
- Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - J G Manjunatha
- Department of Chemistry, FMKMC College, Mangalore University Constituent College, Madikeri, Karnataka, 571201, India
| | - B S Srinath
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | - Ramesh Babu Yarajarla
- Drosophila and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jian K, Fu L, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Guo X, Zhao X. Microwave synthesis of chitosan-based carbon dots for Al 3+ detection and biological application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129413. [PMID: 38262835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Yellow fluorescent carbon dots (Y-CDs) were prepared via microwave method using chitosan and o-phenylenediamine as the main raw materials. The obtained Y-CDs possesses good water solubility, excellent biocompatibility and luminous stability. During the microwave pyrolysis carbonization process, the surface of Y-CDs was modified with the functional groups such as amino and carboxyl, which can bind to Al3+ by forming complexes, further improving the selectivity and sensitivity of the Al3+ detection. And the fluorescence of Y-CDs was quenched by Al3+ by static quenching process. More importantly, Y-CDs as fluorescent sensor was further applied for the determination of Al3+ in the real water samples with high reliability and accuracy. In addition, Y-CDs present potential application in biological imaging. The cultivated zebrafish embryos with Y-CDs displayed clearly in vivo uptake and metabolic fluorescence images, further confirming its low toxicity and excellent biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Liming Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiangjun Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaur I, Batra V, Bogireddy NK, Baveja J, Kumar Y, Agarwal V. Chemical- and green-precursor-derived carbon dots for photocatalytic degradation of dyes. iScience 2024; 27:108920. [PMID: 38352227 PMCID: PMC10863327 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and untreated industrial effluents loaded with toxic and carcinogenic contaminants, especially dyes that discharge into environmental waters, have led to a rise in water pollution, with a substantial adverse impact on marine life and humankind. Photocatalytic techniques are one of the most successful methods that help in degradation and/or removal of such contaminants. In recent years, semiconductor quantum dots are being substituted by carbon dots (CDs) as photocatalysts, due to the ease of formation, cost-effectiveness, possible sustainability and scalability, much lower toxicity, and above all its high capacity to harvest sunlight (UV, visible, and near infrared) through electron transfer that enhances the lifetime of the photogenerated charge carriers. A better understanding between the properties of the CDs and their role in photocatalytic degradation of dyes and contaminants is required for the formation of controllable structures and adjustable outcomes. The focus of this review is on CDs and its composites as photocatalysts obtained from different sustainable green as well as chemical precursors. Apart from the synthesis, characterization, and properties of the CDs, the study also highlights the effect of different parameters on the photocatalytic properties of CDs and their composites for catalytic dye degradation mechanisms in detail. Besides the present research development in the field, potential challenges and future perspectives are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inderbir Kaur
- Department of Electronic Science, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Batra
- Department of Physics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Jasmina Baveja
- Invited Researcher at Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Y. Kumar
- Departamento de Fisico Matematica, UANL, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - V. Agarwal
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhu W, Liu L. A novel fluorescent traceable carbon quantum dots with selective antibacterial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2227-2236. [PMID: 38073544 PMCID: PMC10903257 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231211867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics can kill bacteria, but their continued use can easily lead to drug resistance, particularly the main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, to avoid drug resistance, carbon quantum dots (CDs) have great potential as a bioactive material in antimicrobial therapy. Herein, we use ornidazole as raw material to prepare CDs of different sizes by microwave irradiation and screen CDs with fluorescence and bacteriostatic properties. The inhibition experiments and live/dead assays of P. gingivalis exhibited outstanding antibacterial effects. This research aimed to develop nano-level antibacterial active materials that also have fluorescence traceability. This study offers a different method for the development of multifunctional CDs, provides valuable strategies for the treatment of diseases associated with P. gingivalis, and predicts great application prospects in the field of biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of General of Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng M, Wang Y, Liu M, Wei Y, Wen J, Zhang Y, Chen T, He N, Fan P, Dai X. Potential Efficacy of Herbal Medicine-Derived Carbon Dots in the Treatment of Diseases: From Mechanism to Clinic. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6503-6525. [PMID: 37965279 PMCID: PMC10642355 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s431061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a crucial component of nanomaterials, are zero-dimensional nanomaterials with carbon as the backbone structure and smaller than 10 nm. Due to their beneficial characteristics, they are widely used in biomedical fields such as biosensors, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and interactions with DNA. Interestingly, a novel type of carbon dot, generated by using herbal medicines as synthetic raw materials, has emerged as the most recent incomer in the family of CDs with the extensive growth in the number of materials selected for carbon dots synthesis. Herbal medicine-derived carbon dots (HM-CDs) have been employed in the biomedical industry, and are rapidly emerging as "modern nanomaterials" due to their unique structures and exceptional capabilities. Emerging trends suggest that their specific properties can be used in bleeding disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation-related diseases, and other common intractable diseases including cancer, menopausal syndrome, central nervous system disorders, and pain of various forms and causes. In addition, HM-CDs have been found to have organ-protective and antioxidant properties, as evidenced by extensive studies. This research provides a more comprehensive understanding of the biomedical applications of HM-CDs for the aforementioned disorders and investigates the intrinsic pharmacological activities and mechanisms of these HM-CDs to further advance their clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingtang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maozhu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongjiang County People’s Hospital, Deyang, 618000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shehong Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shehong, 629600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nianyu He
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh P, Arpita, Kumar S, Kumar P, Kataria N, Bhankar V, Kumar K, Kumar R, Hsieh CT, Khoo KS. Assessment of biomass-derived carbon dots as highly sensitive and selective templates for the sensing of hazardous ions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16241-16267. [PMID: 37439261 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Access to safe drinking water and a hygienic living environment are the basic necessities that encourage healthy living. However, the presence of various pollutants (especially toxic heavy metal ions) at high concentrations in water renders water unfit for drinking and domestic use. The presence of high concentrations of heavy-metal ions (e.g., Pb2+, Hg2+, Cr6+, Cd2+, or Cu2+) greater than their permissible limits adversely affects human health, and increases the risk of cancer of the kidneys, liver, skin, and central nervous system. Therefore, their detection in water is crucial. Due to the various benefits of "green"-synthesized carbon-dots (C-dots) over other materials, these materials are potential candidates for sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions in water sources. C-dots are very small carbon-based nanomaterials that show chemical stability, magnificent biocompatibility, excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (PL), water solubility, simple preparation strategies, photoinduced electron transfer, and the opportunity for functionalization. A new family of C-dots called "carbon quantum dots" (CQDs) are fluorescent zero-dimensional carbon nanoparticles of size < 10 nm. The green synthesis of C-dots has numerous advantages over conventional chemical routes, such as utilization of inexpensive and non-poisonous materials, straightforward operations, rapid reactions, and renewable precursors. Natural sources, such as biomass and biomass wastes, are broadly accepted as green precursors for fabricating C-dots because these sources are economical, ecological, and readily/extensively accessible. Two main methods are available for C-dots production: top-down and bottom-up. Herein, this review article discusses the recent advancements in the green fabrication of C-dots: photostability; surface structure and functionalization; potential applications for the sensing of hazardous anions and toxic heavy-metal ions; binding of toxic ions with C-dots; probable mechanistic routes of PL-based sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions. The green production of C-dots and their promising applications in the sensing of hazardous ions discussed herein provides deep insights into the safety of human health and the environment. Nonetheless, this review article provides a resource for the conversion of low-value biomass and biomass waste into valuable materials (i.e., C-dots) for promising sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Permender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Arpita
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Parmod Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Navish Kataria
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Vinita Bhankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Chien-Te Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ngoc LTN, Moon JY, Lee YC. Plant Extract-Derived Carbon Dots as Cosmetic Ingredients. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2654. [PMID: 37836295 PMCID: PMC10574410 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant extract-derived carbon dots (C-dots) have emerged as promising components for sustainability and natural inspiration to meet consumer demands. This review comprehensively explores the potential applications of C-dots derived from plant extracts in cosmetics. This paper discusses the synthesis methodologies for the generation of C-dots from plant precursors, including pyrolysis carbonization, chemical oxidation, hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, and ultrasonic methods. Plant extract-derived C-dots offer distinct advantages over conventional synthetic materials by taking advantage of the inherent properties of plants, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and UV protective properties. These outstanding properties are critical for novel cosmetic applications such as for controlling skin aging, the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions, and sunscreen. In conclusion, plant extract-derived C-dots combine cutting-edge nanotechnology and sustainable cosmetic innovation, presenting an opportunity to revolutionize the industry by offering enhanced properties while embracing eco-friendly practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Nhu Ngoc
- Department of Nano Science and Technology Convergence, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju-Young Moon
- Major in Beauty Convergence, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chul Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kumara BN, Kalimuthu P, Prasad KS. Synthesis, properties and potential applications of photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1268:341430. [PMID: 37268342 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescent-carbon nanoparticles (PL-CNPs) are a new class of materials that received immense interest among researchers due to their distinct characteristics, including photoluminescence, high surface-to-volume ratio, low cost, ease of synthesis, high quantum yield, and biocompatibility. By exploiting these outstanding properties, many studies have been reported on its utility as sensors, photocatalysts, probes for bio-imaging, and optoelectronics applications. From clinical applications to point-of-care test devices, drug loading to tracking of drug delivery, and other research innovations demonstrated PL-CNPs as an emerging material that could substitute conventional approaches. However, some of the PL-CNPs have poor PL properties and selectivity due to the presence of impurities (e.g., molecular fluorophores) and unfavourable surface charges by the passivation molecules, which impede their applications in many fields. To address these issues, many researchers have been paying great attention to developing new PL-CNPs with different composite combinations to achieve high PL properties and selectivity. Herein, we thoroughly discussed the recent development of various synthetic strategies employed to prepare PL-CNPs, doping effects, photostability, biocompatibility, and applications in sensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery fields. Moreover, the review discussed the limitations, future direction, and perspectives of PL-CNPs in possible potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B N Kumara
- Nanomaterial Research Laboratory (NMRL), Nano Division, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575 018, India
| | - Palraj Kalimuthu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
| | - K S Prasad
- Centre for Nutrition Studies, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575 018, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Karaca M, Eroğlu Z, Açışlı Ö, Metin Ö, Karaca S. Boosting Tetracycline Degradation with an S-Scheme Heterojunction of N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots-Decorated TiO 2. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26597-26609. [PMID: 37521662 PMCID: PMC10373195 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) derived from the Rumex crispus L. plant were incorporated into TiO2 via a facile hydrothermal method. As-prepared materials were characterized and used in the photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) degradation under UVA light irradiation by examining several operational parameters involving the N-CQDs amount, initial TC concentration, pH, and photocatalytic reaction time. XRD analysis revealed the conversion of the rutile phase to the anatase phase after the incorporation of N-CQDs into the TiO2 structure. The results revealed that the N-CQDs/TiO2 photocatalysts demonstrated the highest efficiency in TC degradation compared to other processes of adsorption, photolysis (UVA), and photocatalysis with TiO2 (TiO2/UVA). Under optimized conditions, 10 mg/L TC at pH 5.15 with 0.2 g/L N-CQDs/TiO2 catalyst showed 97.7% photocatalytic degradation for 120 min under UVA irradiation. The formation of an S-scheme heterojunction between N-CQDs and TiO2 provided enhanced charge separation and strong redox capability, causing significant improvement in the photocatalytic performance of N-CQDs/TiO2. Trapping experiments showed that O2•- and h+ are the predominant reactive species for the TC elimination in an aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Karaca
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zafer Eroğlu
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç
University, Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özkan Açışlı
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Önder Metin
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Koç
University, Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
- Koç
University Surface Science and Technology Center (KUYTAM), Sarıyer, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Karaca
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chang YC, Chiao YC, Hsu PC. Rapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of ZnIn 2S 4 Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1957. [PMID: 37446473 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a facile and rapid microwave-assisted synthesis method was used to synthesize In2S3 nanosheets, ZnS nanosheets, and ZnIn2S4 nanosheets with sulfur vacancies. The two-dimensional semiconductor photocatalysts of ZnIn2S4 nanosheets were characterized by XRD, FESEM, BET, TEM, XPS, UV-vis diffuse reflectance, and PL spectroscopy. The ZnIn2S4 with sulfur vacancies exhibited an evident energy bandgap value of 2.82 eV, as determined by UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and its energy band diagram was obtained through the combination of XPS and energy bandgap values. ZnIn2S4 nanosheets exhibited about 33.3 and 16.6 times higher photocatalytic hydrogen production than In2S3 nanosheets and ZnS nanosheets, respectively, under visible-light irradiation. Various factors, including materials, sacrificial reagents, and pH values, were used to evaluate the influence of ZnIn2S4 nanosheets on photocatalytic hydrogen production. In addition, the ZnIn2S4 nanosheets revealed the highest photocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater, which was about 209.4 and 106.7 times higher than that of In2S3 nanosheets and ZnS nanosheets, respectively. The presence of sulfur vacancies in ZnIn2S4 nanosheets offers promising opportunities for developing highly efficient and stable photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater under visible-light irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Chiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407102, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Hsu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Wu T, Yang Y, Zhou L, Wang S, Liu J, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Qu H, Kong H, Zhang Y. Ultrasmall and highly biocompatible carbon dots derived from natural plant with amelioration against acute kidney injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:63. [PMID: 36814298 PMCID: PMC9946873 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01795-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to a tricky clinical disease, known by its high morbidity and mortality, with no real specific medicine for AKI. The carbonization product from Pollen Typhae (i.e., Pu-huang in China) has been extensively employed in clinic, and it is capable of relieving the renal damage and other diseases in China since acient times. RESULTS Inspired by the carbonization process of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), a novel species of carbon dots derived from Pollen Typhae (PT-CDs) was separated and then collected using a one-pot pyrolysis method. The as-prepared PT-CDs (4.85 ± 2.06 nm) with negative charge and abundant oxygenated groups exhibited high solubility, and they were stable in water. Moreover, the rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced AKI rat model was used, and it was first demonstrated that PT-CDs had significant activity in improving the level of BUN and CRE, urine volume and kidney index, and histopathological morphology in RM-induced AKI rats. It is noteworthy that interventions of PT-CDs significantly reduced degree of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress, which may be correlated with the basial potential mechanism of anti-AKI activities. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assay and biosafety evaluation exhibited high biocompatibility of PT-CDs. CONCLUSION This study offers a novel relieving strategy for AKI based on PT-CDs and suggests its potential to be a related candidate for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wang
- grid.477982.70000 0004 7641 2271Encephalopathy Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000 China
| | - Tong Wu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yingxin Yang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Long Zhou
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yafang Zhao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- grid.412073.3Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- grid.24695.3c0000 0001 1431 9176School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Huihua Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Center of Scientific Experiment, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hui Kong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Catalytic Applications for Organic Synthesis. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), also known as carbon dots (CDs), are novel zero-dimensional fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials. CQDs have attracted enormous attention around the world because of their excellent optical properties as well as water solubility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, eco-friendliness, and simple synthesis routes. CQDs have numerous applications in bioimaging, biosensing, chemical sensing, nanomedicine, solar cells, drug delivery, and light-emitting diodes. In this review paper, the structure of CQDs, their physical and chemical properties, their synthesis approach, and their application as a catalyst in the synthesis of multisubstituted 4H pyran, in azide-alkyne cycloadditions, in the degradation of levofloxacin, in the selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes, in the removal of Rhodamine B, as H-bond catalysis in Aldol condensations, in cyclohexane oxidation, in intrinsic peroxidase-mimetic enzyme activity, in the selective oxidation of amines and alcohols, and in the ring opening of epoxides are discussed. Finally, we also discuss the future challenges in this research field. We hope this review paper will open a new channel for the application of CQDs as a catalyst in organic synthesis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tony Elizabeth A, James E, Infant Jesan L, Denis Arockiaraj S, Edwin Vasu A. Green synthesis of value-added nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots from Crescentia cujete fruit waste for selective sensing of Fe3+ ions in aqueous medium. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
21
|
Shaheen S, Saeed Z, Ahmad A, Pervaiz M, Younas U, Mahmood Khan RR, Luque R, Rajendran S. Green synthesis of graphene-based metal nanocomposite for electro and photocatalytic activity; recent advancement and future prospective. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136982. [PMID: 36309056 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pollutants in waste water is a demanding problem for human health. Investigations have been allocated to study the adsorptive behavior of graphene-based materials to remove pollutants from wastewater. Graphene (GO) due to its hydrophilicity, high surface area, and oxygenated functional groups, is an effective adsorbent for the removal of dyes and heavy metals from water. The disclosure of green synthesis opened the gateway for the economic productive methods. This article reveals the fabrication of graphene-based composite from aloe vera extract using a green method. The proposed mechanism of GO reduction via plant extract has also been mentioned in this work. The mechanism associated with the removal of dyes and heavy metals by graphene-based adsorbents and absorptive capacities of heavy metals has been discussed in detail. The toxicity of heavy metals has also been mentioned here. The Polyaromatic resonating system of GO develops significant π-π interactions with dyes whose base form comprises principally oxygenated functional groups. This review article illustrates a literature survey by classifying graphene-based composite with a global market value from 2010 to 2025 and also depicts a comparative study between green and chemical reduction methods. It presents state of art for the fabrication of GO with novel adsorbents such as metal, polymer, metal oxide and elastomers-based nanocomposites for the removal of pollutants. The current progress in the applications of graphene-based composites in antimicrobial, anticancer, drug delivery, and removal of dyes with photocatalytic efficacy of 73% is explored in this work. It gives a coherent overview of the green synthesis of graphene-based composite, various prospective for the fabrication of graphene, and their biotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumila Shaheen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Awais Ahmad
- Departmento de Quimica Organicia, Universitidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3) Ctra Nnal IV-A ,km 396, E14104, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Muhammad Pervaiz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Umer Younas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Rafael Luque
- Departmento de Quimica Organicia, Universitidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3) Ctra Nnal IV-A ,km 396, E14104, Cordoba, Spain; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya str., 117198, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez, 1775, Arica, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu Y, Ma G, Zhang A, Gu W, Wei J, Wang R. Preparation of Carbon Dots with Ultrahigh Fluorescence Quantum Yield Based on PET Waste. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:38037-38044. [PMID: 36312408 PMCID: PMC9609083 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly polyethylene terephthalate-based carbon dots (PET-CDs) with ultrahigh fluorescence quantum yield were prepared with waste PET textiles as raw materials. First, oligomers were prepared from the reaction of waste PET textile and ethylene glycol by the microwave method. Then, the mixture without isolation and purification as well as pyromellitic acid and urea were adopted as precursors for the preparation of PET-CDs by the hydrothermal method. It was found that the as-prepared PET-CDs had a spherical structure with an average particle size of 2.8 nm. The carbon core of PET-CDs was a graphene-like structure doped with nitrogen atoms in the form of pyrrole nitrogen and the surface contained -NH2, which is convenient for modification and functionalization with various materials in the form of chemical bonds. The as-prepared PET-CDs exhibit excitation-independent emission properties in the range from 340 to 440 nm, and the best excitation and emission wavelengths of PET-CDs are 406 and 485 nm, respectively, while the fluorescence quantum yield is 97.3%. In terms of the application, the as-prepared PET-CDs could be adopted as a fluorescence probe for the detection of Fe3+, and the limit of detection is as low as 0.2 μmol/L. The mechanism of PET-CDs by Fe3+ was found to be the static quenching mechanism. In addition, PET-CDs can be used in LEDs and fluorescent anticounterfeiting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Wu
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guocong Ma
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- School
of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong
University, No. 399 BinShuiXi Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Weiwen Gu
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianfei Wei
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing
Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School
of Materials Design and Engineering, Beijing
Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing
Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hu H, Xu Q, Mo Z, Hu X, He Q, Zhang Z, Xu Z. New anti-cancer explorations based on metal ions. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:457. [PMID: 36274142 PMCID: PMC9590139 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the urgent demand for more anti-cancer methods, the new applications of metal ions in cancer have attracted increasing attention. Especially the three kinds of the new mode of cell death, including ferroptosis, calcicoptosis, and cuproptosis, are of great concern. Meanwhile, many metal ions have been found to induce cell death through different approaches, such as interfering with osmotic pressure, triggering biocatalysis, activating immune pathways, and generating the prooxidant effect. Therefore, varieties of new strategies based on the above approaches have been studied and applied for anti-cancer applications. Moreover, many contrast agents based on metal ions have gradually become the core components of the bioimaging technologies, such as MRI, CT, and fluorescence imaging, which exhibit guiding significance for cancer diagnosis. Besides, the new nano-theranostic platforms based on metal ions have experimentally shown efficient response to endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which realizes simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis through a more controlled nano-system. However, most metal-based agents have still been in the early stages, and controlled clinical trials are necessary to confirm or not the current expectations. This article will focus on these new explorations based on metal ions, hoping to provide some theoretical support for more anti-cancer ideas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Zhimin Mo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxi Hu
- College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China
| | - Qianyuan He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhanjie Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zushun Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Selvaraju N, Ganesh PS, Palrasu V, Venugopal G, Mariappan V. Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Citrus medica Fruit Juice Based Carbon Dots against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36227-36234. [PMID: 36278088 PMCID: PMC9583329 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the common immortal pathogens that cause intense chronic infections in low-immunity patients, significantly evading the immune system and suppressing the respiratory system. This work reports on the synthesis of prominent members of the carbon family, carbon quantum dots (CQDs), from a natural carbon precursor, Citrus medica (C. medica) fruit, and their inhibiting property against P. aeruginosa. CQDs synthesized by the conventional hydrothermal method with an average particle size of 4.5 nm exhibit renowned antimicrobial properties. To enhance the properties of the CQDs, nitrogen was doped using ammonium hydroxide as a nitrogen source, and absorption and fluorescence studies and the elemental composition of CQDs were also reported. CQDs potentially inhibited the growth of bacteria at the lowest concentration level of 1.25% (v/v). Similarly, CQDs moderately inhibited biofilm formation at the concentration level of 0.07% (v/v) for both clinical and control strains of P. aeruginosa. A fluorescence microscopy study revealed that the treated strain shows a moderately reduced biofilm formation when compared to the control strain of P. aeruginosa PAO1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Selvaraju
- Advanced
Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Materials Science, School
of Technology, Central University of Tamil
Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
- Department
of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
(SIMATS), Velappanchavadi, PH Road, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Veeramurali Palrasu
- Department
of Electronics, Government Arts College, Kulithalai, Karur District, 639120, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunasekaran Venugopal
- Advanced
Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Materials Science, School
of Technology, Central University of Tamil
Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Center
for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Facile and Green Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots from Water Hyacinth for the Detection of Ferric Iron and Cellular Imaging. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091528. [PMID: 35564237 PMCID: PMC9100092 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Natural biomass is used for facile synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with high fluorescence, owing to its abundance, low cost, and eco-friendliness. In this study, a bottom-up hydrothermal method was used to prepare CQDs from water hyacinth (wh) at a constant temperature of 180 °C for 12 h. The synthesized wh-CQDs had uniform size, amorphous graphite structure, high water solubility (containing multiple hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface), excitation light-dependent characteristics, and high photostability. The results showed that the aqueous solution of CQDs could detect Fe3+ rapidly, sensitively, and highly selectively with a detection limit of 0.084 μM in the linear range of 0–330 μM, which is much lower than the detection limit of 0.77 μM specified by the World Health Organization. More importantly, because the wh-CQDs were synthesized without any additives, they exhibited low toxicity to Klebsiella sp. cells even at high concentrations. Moreover, wh-CQDs emitted bright blue fluorescence in Klebsiella sp. cells, indicating its strong penetrating ability. Correspondingly, the fluorescent cell sorting results also revealed that the proportion of cell internalization reached 41.78%. In this study, wh-CQDs derived from natural biomass were used as high-performance fluorescent probes for Fe3+ detection and Klebsiella sp. imaging. This study is expected to have great significance for the application of biomass carbon spots in the field of cellular imaging and biology.
Collapse
|
26
|
Malavika JP, Shobana C, Sundarraj S, Ganeshbabu M, Kumar P, Selvan RK. Green synthesis of multifunctional carbon quantum dots: An approach in cancer theranostics. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 136:212756. [PMID: 35929302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have gained significant growing attention in the recent past due to their peculiar characteristics including smaller size, high surface area, photoluminescence, chemical stability, facile synthesis and functionalization possibilities. They are carbon nanostructures having less than 10 nm size with fluorescent properties. In recent years, the scientific community is curiously adopting biomass precursors for the preparation of CQDs over the chemical compounds. These biomass sources are sustainable, eco-friendly, inexpensive, widely available and convert waste into valuable materials. Hence in our work the fundamental understating of diverse fabrication methodologies of CQDs, and the types of raw materials employed in recent times, are all examined and correlated comprehensively. Their unique combination of remarkable properties, together with the ease with which they can be fabricated, makes CQDs as promising materials for applications in diverse biomedical fields, in particular for bio-imaging, targeted drug delivery and phototherapy for cancer treatment. The mechanism for luminescence is of considerable significance for leading the synthesis of CQDs with tunable fluorescence emission. Therefore, it is aimed to explore and provide an updated review on (i) the recent progress on the different synthesis methods of biomass-derived CQDs, (ii) the contribution of surface states or functional groups on the luminescence origin and (iii) its potential application for cancer theranostics, concentrating on their fluorescence properties. Finally, we explored the challenges in modification for the synthesis of CQDs from biomass derivatives and the future scope of CQDs in phototherapy for cancer theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalaja Prasad Malavika
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shenbagamoorthy Sundarraj
- Department of Zoology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi - 626 124, Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mariappan Ganeshbabu
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rawat P, Nain P, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Malik V, Majumder S, Verma VP, Rawat V, Rhyee JS. An Overview of Synthetic Methods and Applications of Photoluminescent Properties of Carbon Quantum Dots. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35419945 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are promising carbonaceous nanomaterials fortuitously discovered in 2004. CQDs are the rising stars in the nanotechnology ensemble because of their unique properties and widespread applications in sensing, imaging, medicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. CQDs are notable for their excellent solubility and effective luminescence, and as a result, they are also known as carbon nanolights. Many strategies are used for the efficient and economical preparation of CQDs; however, CQDs prepared from waste or green sustainable methods have greater requirements due to their safety and ease of synthesis. Sustainable chemical strategies for CQDs have been developed, emphasizing green synthetic methodologies based on "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches. This review summarizes many such studies relevant to the development of sustainable methods for photoluminescent CQDs. Furthermore, we have emphasized recent advances in CQDs' photoluminescent applications in chemical and biological fields. Finally, a brief overview of synthetic processes utilizing the green source and their associated applications are tabulated, providing a clear understanding of the new optoelectronic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
| | - Parul Nain
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Shaveta Sharma
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Parshant Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, S.D. College of Engineering & Technology, Muzaffarnagar, U.P, India
| | - Vidhu Malik
- Department of Chemistry, DCRUST Murthal, Sonipat
| | - Sudip Majumder
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali , Banasthali Newai University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Varun Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jong Soo Rhyee
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sivaselvam S, Viswanathan C, Ponpandian N. One-step preparation of N-doped grapheme quantum dots with high quantum yield for bioimaging and highly sensitive electrochemical detection of isoniazid. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 135:212731. [PMID: 35929207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Conventional techniques for synthesizing GQDs have a poor quantum yield (QY) that restricts their biological applications. Herein, we present a rapid, cost-effective and high quantum yield synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) through a scientific microwave reactor. The reaction parameters like microwave irradiation time, temperature, precursor concentration and pressure were optimized for achieving high quantum yield. The prepared N-GQDs exhibit bright blue fluorescence and excitation independent emission property with a quantum yield of 42.81%. In-vivo investigations on C. elegans revealed that the as-prepared N-GQDs are exceptionally biocompatible and maintain the normal physiological functioning of the primary and secondary targeted organs in nematodes. The synergetic effect of intestinal barrier and defecation behavior mitigates N-GQDs translocation into reproductive organs of nematode. In addition, the N-GQDs modified GCE was tested for electrochemical sensing characteristics towards the anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid (INZ). The N-GQDs showed appreciable electrocatalytic performance towards INZ with high sensitivity (3.76 μA μM-1 cm-1). The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis of N-GQDs exhibit a lower detection limit of 10.91 nM for INZ. The N-GQDs modified sensor exhibits good reproducibility, excellent anti-interference ability and excellent analytical performance for INZ in real samples like human blood serum and urine samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sivaselvam
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - C Viswanathan
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - N Ponpandian
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Atchudan R, Edison TNJI, Perumal S, Vinodh R, Sundramoorthy AK, Babu RS, Lee YR. Morus nigra-derived hydrophilic carbon dots for the highly selective and sensitive detection of ferric ion in aqueous media and human colon cancer cell imaging. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
30
|
Synthesis and Properties of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Using Lactic Acid as Carbon Source. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020466. [PMID: 35057183 PMCID: PMC8778145 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesized in a one-step hydrothermal technique utilizing L-lactic acid as that of the source of carbon and ethylenediamine as that of the source of nitrogen, and were characterized using dynamic light scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ultraviolet-visible spectrum, Fourier-transformed infrared spectrum, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectrum. The generated N-CQDs have a spherical structure and overall diameters ranging from 1-4 nm, and their surface comprises specific functional groups such as amino, carboxyl, and hydroxyl, resulting in greater water solubility and fluorescence. The quantum yield of N-CQDs (being 46%) is significantly higher than that of the CQDs synthesized from other biomass in literatures. Its fluorescence intensity is dependent on the excitation wavelength, and N-CQDs release blue light at 365 nm under ultraviolet light. The pH values may impact the protonation of N-CQDs surface functional groups and lead to significant fluorescence quenching of N-CQDs. Therefore, the fluorescence intensity of N-CQDs is the highest at pH 7.0, but it decreases with pH as pH values being either more than or less than pH 7.0. The N-CQDs exhibit high sensitivity to Fe3+ ions, for Fe3+ ions would decrease the fluorescence intensity of N-CQDs by 99.6%, and the influence of Fe3+ ions on N-CQDs fluorescence quenching is slightly affected by other metal ions. Moreover, the fluorescence quenching efficiency of Fe3+ ions displays an obvious linear relationship to Fe3+ concentrations in a wide range of concentrations (up to 200 µM) and with a detection limit of 1.89 µM. Therefore, the generated N-CQDs may be utilized as a robust fluorescence sensor for detecting pH and Fe3+ ions.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang Y, Liu B, Liu Z, Li J. Research progress in synthesis and biological application of quantum dots. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots are an excellent choice for biomedical applications due to their special optical properties and quantum confinement effects. This paper reviews the research and application progress of several quantum...
Collapse
|
32
|
Luo K, Luo W, Liang Z, Li Y, Kang X, Wu Y, Wen Y. Self-doping synthesis of iodine–carbon quantum dots for sensitive detection of Fe( iii) and cellular imaging. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03474c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodine-doped carbon quantum dots (I-CQDs) were synthesized via p-iodobenzoic acid self-doping for the detection of ferric ions (Fe3+) and cell imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Wenyi Luo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Zhibin Liang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xinhuang Kang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yanmei Wen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bilge S, Karadurmus L, Sınağ A, Ozkan SA. Green synthesis and characterization of carbon-based materials for sensitive detection of heavy metal ions. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
34
|
Malavika JP, Shobana C, Ragupathi M, Kumar P, Lee YS, Govarthanan M, Selvan RK. A sustainable green synthesis of functionalized biocompatible carbon quantum dots from Aloe barbadensis Miller and its multifunctional applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111414. [PMID: 34052245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated a sustainable green approach for the preparation of fluorescent biocompatible carbon quantum dots by microwave-assisted reflux synthesis from Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) extract. The Transmission Electron Microscopic images reveal that the as-prepared CQDs are spherical with less than 5 nm in size. The CQDs are amorphous, showed an excitation-independent behaviour, emitted blue fluorescence and have a fluorescence quantum yield of 31%. The presence of -OH groups contributed to the blue emission and helped CQDs to disperse uniformly in an aqueous solution. The prepared CQDs were employed as a photocatalyst for the environmental remediation to degrade the anionic dye, eosin yellow under visible light irradiation. The results showed that the CQDs exhibited excellent photocatalytic efficiency of 98.55% within 80 min and a 100% efficiency within 100 min. Further, the cytotoxic properties of as-prepared CQDs are investigated in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line using MTT assay. The results demonstrated a notable reduction in cell viability in a dose-subjected manner, and the cell viability decreased to 50% (IC50) at a concentration of 52.2 ± 1.35 μg/mL. Furthermore, cellular internalization of CQDs in breast cancer cells is studied. As expected, CQDs are found to internalize by the cancer cells with blue emission as revealed by fluorescence microscope. In the end, CQDs in human breast cancer cells demonstrate the anti-proliferative effect and are found to be an impressive fluorescent probe for live-cell imaging, paving a path for its potential biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalaja Prasad Malavika
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore, 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellappan Shobana
- Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College (Autonomous), G. N. Mills, Coimbatore, 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Murugesan Ragupathi
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
| | - Yun Sung Lee
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|