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Yi Y, Jin X, Chen M, Coldea TE, Zhao H. Surfactant-mediated bio-manufacture: A unique strategy for promoting microbial biochemicals production. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108373. [PMID: 38704106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Biochemicals are widely used in the medicine and food industries and are more efficient and safer than synthetic chemicals. The amphipathic surfactants can interact with the microorganisms and embed the extracellular metabolites, which induce microbial metabolites secretion and biosynthesis, performing an attractive prospect of promoting the biochemical production. However, the commonness and differences of surfactant-mediated bio-manufacture in various fields are largely unexplored. Accordingly, this review comprehensively summarized the properties of surfactants, different application scenarios of surfactant-meditated bio-manufacture, and the mechanism of surfactants increasing metabolites production. Various biochemical productions such as pigments, amino acids, and alcohols could be enhanced using the cloud point and the micelles of surfactants. Besides, the amphiphilicity of surfactants also promoted the utilization of fermentation substrates, especially lignocellulose and waste sludge, by microorganisms, indirectly increasing the metabolites production. The increase in target metabolites production was attributed to the surfactants changing the permeability and composition of the cell membrane, hence improving the secretion ability of microorganisms. Moreover, surfactants could regulate the energy metabolism, the redox state and metabolic flow in microorganisms, which induced target metabolites synthesis. This review aimed to broaden the application fields of surfactants and provide novel insights into the production of microbial biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Yi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaofan Jin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Teodora Emilia Coldea
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Nunes VO, Vanzellotti NDC, Fraga JL, Pessoa FLP, Ferreira TF, Amaral PFF. Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103164. [PMID: 35630641 PMCID: PMC9147728 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Androstenedione (AD) is a key intermediate in the body’s steroid metabolism, used as a precursor for several steroid substances, such as testosterone, estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, testolactone, progesterone, cortisone, cortisol, prednisone, and prednisolone. The world market for AD and ADD (androstadienedione) exceeds 1000 tons per year, which stimulates the pharmaceutical industry’s search for newer and cheaper raw materials to produce steroidal compounds. In light of this interest, we aimed to investigate the progress of AD biosynthesis from phytosterols by prospecting scientific articles (Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases) and patents (USPTO database). A wide variety of articles and patents involving AD and phytosterol were found in the last few decades, resulting in 108 relevant articles (from January 2000 to December 2021) and 23 patents of interest (from January 1976 to December 2021). The separation of these documents into macro, meso, and micro categories revealed that most studies (articles) are performed in China (54.8%) and in universities (76%), while patents are mostly granted to United States companies. It also highlights the fact that AD production studies are focused on “process improvement” techniques and on possible modifications of the “microorganism” involved in biosynthesis (64 and 62 documents, respectively). The most-reported “process improvement” technique is “chemical addition” (40%), which means that the addition of solvents, surfactants, cofactors, inducers, ionic liquids, etc., can significantly increase AD production. Microbial genetic modifications stand out in the “microorganism” category because this strategy improves AD yield considerably. These documents also revealed the main aspects of AD and ADD biosynthesis: Mycolicibacterium sp. (basonym: Mycobacterium sp.) (40%) and Mycolicibacterium neoaurum (known previously as Mycobacterium neoaurum) (32%) are the most recurrent species studied. Microbial incubation temperatures can vary from 29 °C to 37 °C; incubation can last from 72 h to 14 days; the mixture is agitated at 140 to 220 rpm; vegetable oils, mainly soybean, can be used as the source of a mixture of phytosterols. In general, the results obtained in the present technological prospecting study are fundamental to mapping the possibilities of AD biosynthesis process optimization, as well as to identifying emerging technologies and methodologies in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Oliveira Nunes
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Nathália de Castro Vanzellotti
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Jully Lacerda Fraga
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Fernando Luiz Pellegrini Pessoa
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
- Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Felix Ferreira
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
| | - Priscilla Filomena Fonseca Amaral
- By&Bio—By-Products to Bioproducts Lab, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil; (V.O.N.); (N.d.C.V.); (J.L.F.); (F.L.P.P.); (T.F.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-3938-7623
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3
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Engineering surface amphiphilicity of polymer nanostructures. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Yang X, Dong Y, Liu G, Zhang C, Cao Y, Wang C. Effects of nonionic surfactants on pigment excretion and cell morphology in extractive fermentation of Monascus sp. NJ1. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1233-1239. [PMID: 30066423 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different nonionic surfactants in submerged fermentation of Monascus sp. demonstrate significant differences regarding increasing pigment yield. In this study, 15 surfactants from five series were analyzed to investigate the influence of nonionic surfactants on Monascus pigments, with the aim of simultaneously obtaining a novel nonionic surfactant. RESULTS Addition of the novel surfactant Brij 35 greatly enhanced pigment excretion and demonstrated good biocompatibility. Extracellular red, orange and yellow pigments increased by 1.47-, 1.71- and 2.07-fold respectively. Production of extracellular pigments was not only related to the hydrophile-lipophile balance value (HLB) but also affected by the cloud point temperature (CP) of the fermentation medium. It was found that nonionic surfactants can improve cell membrane permeability and cell storage capacity by modifying the cell walls of Monascus mycelium and by increasing lipid droplet levels, enhancing pigment excretion. Different nonionic surfactants modify Monascus mycelium to different degrees. CONCLUSION The novel surfactant Brij 35, which has good capacity for pigment extraction and biocompatibility, was identified in the analysis. The effects of nonionic surfactants on the secretion of pigments are related to not only the modification of the cell wall and internal structure but also the CP and HLB. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Dong
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Guorong Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
| | - YanPing Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing, China
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing, China
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Lu F, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wang Z. Biocatalytic activity of Monascus mycelia depending on physiology and high sensitivity to product concentration. AMB Express 2017; 7:88. [PMID: 28452040 PMCID: PMC5407408 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0391-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell suspension culture using mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst for production of orange Monascus pigments has been carried out successfully in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. Thus, selection of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst and the corresponding enzymatic kinetics for production of orange Monascus pigments can be optimized independently. Mycelia selected from submerged culture in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution with low pH 2.5 exhibits robust bioactivity. At the same time, enzymatic kinetic study shows that the bioactivity of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst is sensitive to high product concentration. Segregation of product from mycelia by cell suspension culture in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution or peanut oil–water two-phase system is not only necessary for studying the enzymatic kinetics but also beneficial to industrial application of mycelia as whole cell biocatalyst.
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Extractive biodegradation of diphenyl ethers in a cloud point system: Pollutant bioavailability enhancement and surfactant recycling. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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7
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Awadhiya P, Banerjee T, Patil S. Bioconversion of 16-dehydropregnenolone Acetate to Exclusively 4-androstene-3,17-dione by Delftia acidovorans MTCC 3363. Pol J Microbiol 2017; 66:321-326. [PMID: 29319524 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.4858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Delftia acidovorans MTCC 3363 was found to convert 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate (16-DPA) exclusively to 4-androstene-3, 17-dione (AD). Addition of 9α-hydroxylase inhibitors was not required for preventing the accumulation of byproducts. The effect of pH, temperature, substrate concentration, surfactants and carrier solvents on this bioconversion has been studied. 16-DPA was maximally converted in buffered medium at pH 7.0, at temperature 30°C and 0.5 mg ml-1 substrate concentration. Detergent addition and temperature above 35°C had deleterious effect on bioconversion. Dioxan was found to be the best carrier solvent for biotransformation of 16-DPA to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Awadhiya
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
| | - Tushar Banerjee
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
| | - Shridhar Patil
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
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Zhang X, Rao Z, Zhang L, Xu M, Yang T. Efficient 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione production by engineered Bacillus subtilis co-expressing Mycobacterium neoaurum 3-ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase and B. subtilis glucose 1-dehydrogenase with NADH regeneration. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1207. [PMID: 27516945 PMCID: PMC4967059 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
3-Ketosteroid 9α-hydroxylase (KSH, consisting of KshA and KshB), a key enzyme in steroid metabolism, can catalyze the transformation of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) to 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9OHAD) with NADH as coenzyme. In this work, KSH from Mycobacterium neoaurum JC-12 was successfully cloned and overexpressed in Bacillus subtilis 168. The expression and purification of KSH was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and KSH activity assay. Preliminary characterization of KSH was performed using purified KshA and KshB. The results showed that KSH was very unstable, and its activity was inhibited by most metal ions, especially Zn(2+). The whole-cells of recombinant B. subtilis, co-expression of KSH and glucose 1-dehydrogenase (GDH), were used as biocatalyst to convert AD to 9OHAD. The biocatalyst, in which the intracellular NADH was regenerated, efficiently catalyzed the bioconversion of AD to 9OHAD with a conversion rate of 90.4 % and productivity of 0.45 g (L h)(-1), respectively. This work proposed a strategy for efficiently producing 9OHAD by using B. subtilis as a promising whole-cell biocatalyst host and co-expressing KSH and GDH to construct a NADH regeneration system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Jiangnan University (Rugao) Food Biotechnology Research Institute, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, Rugao, 226500 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Taowei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Hu M, Zhang X, Wang Z. Releasing intracellular product to prepare whole cell biocatalyst for biosynthesis of Monascus pigments in water–edible oil two-phase system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1785-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Saraphanchotiwitthaya A, Sripalakit P. Production of 4-androstene-3,17-dione and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione from rice germ and wheat germ extracts by Mycobacterium sp. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 38:1595-602. [PMID: 27262293 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the biotransformation of phytosterol and phytosterol-containing rice germ and wheat germ ethanolic extracts to produce 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD) and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD) by Mycobacterium sp. DSM 2966 using phytosterol to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 mol/mol) and 2 % (w/v) Tween 80 as solubilizing agents. RESULTS A maximum yield of 180 ± 27 mg AD l(-1) and 31 ± 11.4 mg ADD l(-1) with a total conversion of 65 % (day 12) was obtained using 1 g phytosterol l(-1) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2 : 1 mol/mol) with 2 % (w/v) Tween 80 in the fermentation medium. The most appropriate conditions for rice germ extract and wheat germ extract which gave the maximum conversion of 22 and 43 % (day 14) were obtained by using 2 % (w/v) Tween 80. CONCLUSIONS Phytosterol and wheat germ are effective sources for AD and ADD production while rice germ required further development. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2 :1 mol/mol) and/or 2 % (w/v) Tween 80 in the biotransformation process could improve AD and ADD yields, depending on substrates and biotransformation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurasorn Saraphanchotiwitthaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
| | - Pattana Sripalakit
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
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Biosynthesis of Monascus pigments by resting cell submerged culture in nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7083-9. [PMID: 26971494 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Growing cell submerged culture is usually applied for fermentative production of intracellular orange Monascus pigments, in which accumulation of Monascus pigments is at least partially associated to cell growth. In the present work, extractive fermentation in a nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution was utilized as a strategy for releasing of intracellular Monascus pigments. Those mycelia with low content of intracellular Monascus pigments were utilized as biocatalyst in resting cell submerged culture. By this means, resting cell submerged culture for production of orange Monascus pigments was carried out successfully in the nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution, which exhibited some advantages comparing with the corresponding conventional growing cell submerged culture, such as non-sterilization operation, high cell density (24 g/l DCW) leading to high productivity (14 AU of orange Monascus pigments at 470 nm per day), and recycling of cells as biocatalyst leading to high product yield (approximately 1 AU of orange Monascus pigments at 470 nm per gram of glucose) based on energy metabolism.
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12
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Wang B, Zhang X, Wu Z, Wang Z. Investigation of relationship between lipid and Monascus pigment accumulation by extractive fermentation. J Biotechnol 2015; 212:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Nassiri-Koopaei N, Faramarzi MA. Recent developments in the fungal transformation of steroids. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2015.1022533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Enhancement of microbial hydroxylation of 13-ethyl-gon-4-ene-3,17-dione by Metarhizium anisopliae using nano-liposome technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:619-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The introduction of 11α-hydroxy to 13-ethyl-gon-4-ene-3,17-dione (GD) by microbial transformation is a key step in the synthesis of oral contraceptive desogestrel, while low substrate solubility and uptake into cells are tough problems influencing biotransformation efficiency greatly. Nano-liposome technique was used in the hydroxylation of GD by Metarhizium anisopliae. The substrate GD was processed to be GD-loaded nano-liposomes (GNLs) with high stability and encapsulation efficiency, and then applied in microbial hydroxylation by M. anisopliae. The results proved that the yield of the main product 11α-hydroxy-13-ethyl-gon-4-ene-3,17-dione (HGD) tripled compared to regular solvent dimethylformamide dispersion method at 2 g/l of substrate feeding concentration, and the HGD conversion rate showed no obvious reduction when the substrate feeding concentration increased from 2 to 6 g/l, which indicated the improvement of GNL addition method on biotransformation. Furthermore, the main byproduct changed from 6β-hydroxy derivative of GD (with similar polarity to HGD) to 6β,11α-dihydroxy derivative, which benefits the following purification of HGD from fermentation broth. These advantages suggest a great potential for the application of nano-liposome technique in microbial steroid transformation.
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Luffa cylindrica and phytosterols bioconversion: from shake flask to jar bioreactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:1315-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Bioconversion of lipophilic compounds poorly soluble in water, such as sterols, required the use of chemicals and solubilizing agents. On the other hand, it was shown that immobilization of Mycobacterium species on the dried fruit of Luffa cylindrica (DFLC) allows a close interaction between immobilized cells and cholesterol particles and increases by then the product’s yield. In this work, the use of DFLC in a 5-l jar bioreactor with phytosterols mixture (1 g/l) as substrate was assessed without addition of any chemicals or solubilizing agents. DFLC increased by a factor of four the volumetric productivity of androstenones (0.08 g/l day). Products were accumulated in the aqueous medium while substrates remained on the fibers of DFLC. This observation lets envisage a green semi-continuous process of androstenone production. DFLC has no influence on cell growth, and is moreover natural, inexpensive, non-toxic, and mechanically strong.
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Pantsyrnaya T, Delaunay S, Goergen JL, Guseva E, Boudrant J. Solubilization of phenanthrene above cloud point of Brij 30: a new application in biodegradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:192-195. [PMID: 23582404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study a new application of solubilization of phenanthrene above cloud point of Brij 30 in biodegradation was developed. It was shown that a temporal solubilization of phenanthrene above cloud point of Brij 30 (5wt%) permitted to obtain a stable increase of the solubility of phenanthrene even when the temperature was decreased to culture conditions of used microorganism Pseudomonas putida (28°C). A higher initial concentration of soluble phenanthrene was obtained after the cloud point treatment: 200 against 120μM without treatment. All soluble phenanthrene was metabolized and a higher final concentration of its major metabolite - 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid - (160 against 85μM) was measured in the culture medium in the case of a preliminary cloud point treatment. Therefore a temporary solubilization at cloud point might have a perspective application in the enhancement of biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Pantsyrnaya
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés UPR CNRS 3349, University of Lorraine, ENSAIA - 2, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France.
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17
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Acrylamide biodegradation ability and plant growth-promoting properties of Variovorax boronicumulans CGMCC 4969. Biodegradation 2013; 24:855-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-013-9633-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Hu Z, Zhang X, Wu Z, Qi H, Wang Z. Export of intracellular Monascus pigments by two-stage microbial fermentation in nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. J Biotechnol 2012; 162:202-9. [PMID: 23079078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of intracellular product is usually limited by high intracellular product concentration inhibition and complex downstream product processing. Perstractive fermentation of intracellular Monascus pigments in the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 aqueous solution was studied in the present work, in which the intracellular product was exported from the intracellular to the extracellular aqueous solution and consecutively extracted into the nonionic surfactant micelles. After the second stage perstractive fermentation in the two-stage operation mode, biomass increased from 5 to 24 g/l DCW. The corresponding extracellular concentrations of yellow, orange, and red pigments were 60, 49 and 26 AU. The increase of cell density and the final pigment concentration were difficult to occur in a conventional aqueous medium using the two-stage fermentation. This positive effect of perstractive fermentation was ascribed to low intracellular pigment density, which eliminated the product inhibition and prevented the product from further degradation. The high efficiency of perstractive fermentation was further confirmed by fed-batch operation mode, in which the final biomass reached 28 g/l DCW and the corresponding extracellular concentrations of yellow, orange, and red pigments were 130, 84 and 47 AU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Co-production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol using resting cells of recombinant Klebsiella pneumoniae J2B strain overexpressing aldehyde dehydrogenase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:373-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Donova MV, Egorova OV. Microbial steroid transformations: current state and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 94:1423-47. [PMID: 22562163 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of steroid modifications catalyzed by microbial whole cells represent a well-established research area in white biotechnology. Still, advances over the last decade in genetic and metabolic engineering, whole-cell biocatalysis in non-conventional media, and process monitoring raised research in this field to a new level. This review summarizes the data on microbial steroid conversion obtained since 2003. The key reactions of structural steroid functionalization by microorganisms are highlighted including sterol side-chain degradation, hydroxylation at various positions of the steroid core, and redox reactions. We also describe methods for enhancement of bioprocess productivity, selectivity of target reactions, and application of microbial transformations for production of valuable pharmaceutical ingredients and precursors. Challenges and prospects of whole-cell biocatalysis applications in steroid industry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Donova
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Nauki 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.
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Arifin AA, Don MM, Uzir MH. The feasibility of growing cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for citronellol production in a continuous-closed-gas-loop bioreactor (CCGLB). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:9318-9320. [PMID: 21835610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to address the gas-phase biotransformation of geraniol into citronellol using growing cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) in a continuous-closed-gas-loop bioreactor (CCGLB). This study revealed that the gaseous geraniol had a severe effect on the production of biomass during the growing cell biotransformation resulting in the decrease in the specific growth rate from 0.07 to 0.05 h⁻¹. The rate of reaction of the growing cell biotransformation was strongly affected by agitation and substrate flow rates. The highest citronellol concentration of 1.18 g/L and initial rate of reaction of 7.06 × 10⁻⁴ g/min g(cell) were obtained at 500 rpm and 8 L/min, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimi Aishah Arifin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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22
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Olivares A, Acevedo F. Effect of inoculation strategies, substrate to biomass ratio and nitrogen sources on the bioconversion of wood sterols by Mycobacterium sp. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Saab HB, Fouchard S, Boulanger A, Llopiz P, Neunlist S. Performance ofLuffa cylindricaas an immobilization matrix for the biotransformation of cholesterol byMycobacteriumspecies. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/10242422.2010.537326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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24
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Khor GK, Uzir MH. Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a potential stereospecific reduction tool for biotransformation of mono- and sesquiterpenoids. Yeast 2010; 28:93-107. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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25
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Wang Z, Dai Z. Extractive microbial fermentation in cloud point system. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010; 46:407-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Marques MPC, Cabral JMS, Fernandes P. A microwell platform for the scale-up of a multistep bioconversion to bench-scale reactors: Sitosterol side-chain cleavage. Biotechnol J 2010; 5:402-12. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.200900098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Marques MP, Carvalho F, de Carvalho CC, Cabral JM, Fernandes P. Steroid bioconversion: Towards green processes. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Malaviya A, Gomes J. Androstenedione production by biotransformation of phytosterols. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:6725-6737. [PMID: 18329874 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Androstenedione is a key intermediate of microbial steroid metabolism. It belongs to the 17-keto steroid family and is used as starting material for the preparation of different steroids. Androstenedione can be produced by microbial side chain cleavage of phytosterol, which is an alternative to multi-step chemical synthesis. In this review, various methods of biotransformation of sterols to androstenedione are surveyed. It begins with the history and current research status in this field. The existing methods of chemical and biochemical synthesis are examined. Various issues related to these methods and how researchers have addressed them is presented. Among these, the low solubility of sterols in aqueous systems is a critical problem since it limits the product yield. The main content of this review focuses on new methods of biotransformation that are being investigated. Recent biotechnological advances in this field are presented. The review ends with a note on future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Malaviya
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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29
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Whole cell microbial transformation in cloud point system. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 35:645-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-008-0345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Wang Z, Xu JH, Zhang W, Zhuang B, Qi H. Cloud point of nonionic surfactant Triton X-45 in aqueous solution. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 61:118-22. [PMID: 17825536 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Revised: 07/12/2007] [Accepted: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Triton X-45, a nonionic surfactant with a low hydrophile-lypophile balance value and dispersible in aqueous solution at room temperature, has a Krafft point above the room temperature. The cloud point of Triton X-45 in an aqueous solution is different from the conventional aqueous nonionic surfactant micelle solution. It was further confirmed by a determination of the effect of additives on the phase behavior of aqueous solutions containing Triton X-45. The experimental fact eliminates the prevalent concept that the cloud point of Triton X-45 is below room temperature, which is helpful to exploit a biocompatible medium for a microbial growth and then for whole cell microbial transformation in a nonaqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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31
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Improvement the tolerance of baker's yeast to toxic substrate/product with cloud point system during the whole cell microbial transformation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Wang Z, Wang L, Xu JH, Bao D, Qi H. Enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin G to 6-aminopenicillanic acid in cloud point system with discrete countercurrent experiment. Enzyme Microb Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Wang Z. The potential of cloud point system as a novel two-phase partitioning system for biotransformation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:1-10. [PMID: 17318534 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Revised: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the extractive biotransformation in two-phase partitioning systems have been studied extensively, such as the water-organic solvent two-phase system, the aqueous two-phase system, the reverse micelle system, and the room temperature ionic liquid, etc., this has not yet resulted in a widespread industrial application. Based on the discussion of the main obstacles, an exploitation of a cloud point system, which has already been applied in a separation field known as a cloud point extraction, as a novel two-phase partitioning system for biotransformation, is reviewed by analysis of some topical examples. At the end of the review, the process control and downstream processing in the application of the novel two-phase partitioning system for biotransformation are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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34
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Wang Z, Xu JH, Wang L, Bao D, Qi H. Thermodynamic Equilibrium Control of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Penicillin G in a Cloud Point System without pH Control. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ie060418r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China, Shanghai Highly Integrated Bioprocess Science and Technology Co, Shanghai 200238, P.R. China, and Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201101, P.R. China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China, Shanghai Highly Integrated Bioprocess Science and Technology Co, Shanghai 200238, P.R. China, and Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201101, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China, Shanghai Highly Integrated Bioprocess Science and Technology Co, Shanghai 200238, P.R. China, and Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201101, P.R. China
| | - Da Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China, Shanghai Highly Integrated Bioprocess Science and Technology Co, Shanghai 200238, P.R. China, and Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201101, P.R. China
| | - Hanshi Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China, Shanghai Highly Integrated Bioprocess Science and Technology Co, Shanghai 200238, P.R. China, and Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201101, P.R. China
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35
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Sripalakit P, Wichai U, Saraphanchotiwitthaya A. Biotransformation of various natural sterols to androstenones by Mycobacterium sp. and some steroid-converting microbial strains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2006.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Wang L, Wang Z, Xu JH, Bao D, Qi H. An Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Process for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Penicillin G in Cloud Point System. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2006; 29:157-62. [PMID: 16802122 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-006-0067-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 05/07/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin G by immobilized penicillin acylase in a nonionic surfactant mediated cloud point system was presented. The effect of the operation parameters on equilibrium pH of this enzymatic hydrolysis process without pH control was examined. A relatively high equilibrium pH in cloud point system without pH control can be obtained. The feasibility of recycling utilization of the nonionic surfactant, a novel green solvent, was also investigated experimentally. Enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin G in a discrete semi-batch mode, which simulates a semi-continuous process, envisages a completely eco-friendly, sustainable and efficient process for production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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37
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Wang Z, Zhao F, Chen D, Li D. Biotransformation of phytosterol to produce androsta-diene-dione by resting cells of Mycobacterium in cloud point system. Process Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Abstract
Syntheses up to three generations have been achieved of biaryl-based amphiphilic dendrons with a charge-neutral pentaethylene glycol as the hydrophilic part and a decyl chain as the hydrophobic part. Studies on the temperature-dependent characteristics revealed that these dendrons exhibit a generation-dependent lower critical solution temperature (LCST). This behavior is attributed to the combination of the amphipathic nature of the hydrophilic pentaethylene glycol side chain and dendritic effect. Interestingly, this biaryl-based scaffold also maintains the ability to form a micelle-like assembly in polar solvents and an inverted micelle-like assembly in apolar solvents. Polarity of the dendritic interior was investigated using dye-based microenvironment studies. The aggregation behavior of these micelles was analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of these assemblies were investigated using fluorescence excitation spectra of the sequestered guest molecule, pyrene.
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