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Cheng J, Zhang C, Zhang K, Li J, Hou Y, Xin J, Sun Y, Xu C, Xu W. Cyanobacteria-Mediated Light-Driven Biotransformation: The Current Status and Perspectives. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:42062-42071. [PMID: 38024730 PMCID: PMC10653055 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Most chemicals are manufactured by traditional chemical processes but at the expense of toxic catalyst use, high energy consumption, and waste generation. Biotransformation is a green, sustainable, and cost-effective process. As cyanobacteria can use light as the energy source to power the synthesis of NADPH and ATP, using cyanobacteria as the chassis organisms to design and develop light-driven biotransformation platforms for chemical synthesis has been gaining attention, since it can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the sustainable and green production of chemicals. Meanwhile, metabolic engineering and genome editing techniques have tremendous prospects for further engineering and optimizing chassis cells to achieve efficient light-driven systems for synthesizing various chemicals. Here, we display the potential of cyanobacteria as a promising light-driven biotransformation platform for the efficient synthesis of green chemicals and current achievements of light-driven biotransformation processes in wild-type or genetically modified cyanobacteria. Meanwhile, future perspectives of one-pot enzymatic cascade biotransformation from biobased materials in cyanobacteria have been proposed, which could provide additional research insights for green biotransformation and accelerate the advancement of biomanufacturing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Chaobo Zhang
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Kaidian Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea,
School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, China
- Xiamen
Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration,
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jiashun Li
- Xiamen
Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration,
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean
and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yuyong Hou
- Key
Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotech-nology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jiachao Xin
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Chengshuai Xu
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School
of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
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2
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Zhao HR, Su BM, Shi YB, Lin J. Construction of Efficient Enzyme Systems for Preparing Chiral Ethyl 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 157:110033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Paiva P, Medina FE, Viegas M, Ferreira P, Neves RPP, Sousa JPM, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA. Animal Fatty Acid Synthase: A Chemical Nanofactory. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9502-9553. [PMID: 34156235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids are crucial molecules for most living beings, very well spread and conserved across species. These molecules play a role in energy storage, cell membrane architecture, and cell signaling, the latter through their derivative metabolites. De novo synthesis of fatty acids is a complex chemical process that can be achieved either by a metabolic pathway built by a sequence of individual enzymes, such as in most bacteria, or by a single, large multi-enzyme, which incorporates all the chemical capabilities of the metabolic pathway, such as in animals and fungi, and in some bacteria. Here we focus on the multi-enzymes, specifically in the animal fatty acid synthase (FAS). We start by providing a historical overview of this vast field of research. We follow by describing the extraordinary architecture of animal FAS, a homodimeric multi-enzyme with seven different active sites per dimer, including a carrier protein that carries the intermediates from one active site to the next. We then delve into this multi-enzyme's detailed chemistry and critically discuss the current knowledge on the chemical mechanism of each of the steps necessary to synthesize a single fatty acid molecule with atomic detail. In line with this, we discuss the potential and achieved FAS applications in biotechnology, as biosynthetic machines, and compare them with their homologous polyketide synthases, which are also finding wide applications in the same field. Finally, we discuss some open questions on the architecture of FAS, such as their peculiar substrate-shuttling arm, and describe possible reasons for the emergence of large megasynthases during evolution, questions that have fascinated biochemists from long ago but are still far from answered and understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Paiva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fabiola E Medina
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano, 7100 Talcahuano, Chile
| | - Matilde Viegas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Ferreira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui P P Neves
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - João P M Sousa
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria J Ramos
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro A Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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4
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Talukder MMR, Min PS, Jae CW. Integration of cell permeabilization and medium engineering for enhanced enantioselective synthesis of ethyl-S-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (S-EHPP). Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Liang C, Nie Y, Mu X, Xu Y. Gene mining-based identification of aldo–keto reductases for highly stereoselective reduction of bulky ketones. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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6
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Krause J, Krutz R, Schembecker G, Merz J. Whole cell immobilization and catalysis in a Centrifugal Partition Chromatograph. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Ghasemi S, Habibi Z, Notash B. Biotransformation of Active Methylene Compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chem Nat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-015-1433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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9
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Asymmetric synthesis of duloxetine intermediate (S)-(-)-3-N-methylamino-1-(2-thienyl)-1-propanol using immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae in liquid-core sodium alginate/chitosan/sodium alginate microcapsules. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:2243-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Deasy RE, Maguire AR. Baker's-Yeast-Mediated Reduction of Sulfur-Containing Compounds. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Ou Z, Chen Q, Yang G, Xu L. Asymmetric reduction of 3-oxo-3-phenylpropionic acid ethyl ester by undifferentiated cells of white turnip in phosphate buffer/organic solvent. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Khor GK, Uzir MH. Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a potential stereospecific reduction tool for biotransformation of mono- and sesquiterpenoids. Yeast 2010; 28:93-107. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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13
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Zeror S, Collin J, Fiaud JC, Zouioueche LA. Enantioselective ketoester reductions in water: a comparison between microorganism- and ruthenium-catalyzed reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Müller M, Katzberg M, Bertau M, Hummel W. Highly efficient and stereoselective biosynthesis of (2S,5S)-hexanediol with a dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1540-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b920869k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Biocatalytic synthesis of ethyl (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyrate with Candida krusei SW2026: A practical process for high enantiopurity and product titer. Process Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Ribeiro JB, de Souza Ramos A, Fiaux SB, Leite SGF, Ramos MDCKV, de Aquino Neto FR, Antunes OA. Immobilized microorganisms in the reduction of ethyl 4-chloro acetoacetate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Yang G, Ou Z, Yao S, Xu J. Asymmetric reduction of 3-chloropropiophenone to (S)-3-chloro-1-phenylpropanol using immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC 2266 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Lacheretz R, Pardo DG, Cossy J. Daucus carota Mediated-Reduction of Cyclic 3-Oxo-amines. Org Lett 2009; 11:1245-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8029214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lacheretz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231-Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Domingo Gomez Pardo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231-Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, ESPCI ParisTech, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231-Paris Cedex 05, France
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19
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Milagre CD, Milagre HM, Moran PJ, Rodrigues JAR. Screening and reaction engineering for the bioreduction of ethyl benzoylacetate and its analogues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Kratzer R, Egger S, Nidetzky B. Integration of enzyme, strain and reaction engineering to overcome limitations of baker's yeast in the asymmetric reduction of alpha-keto esters. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 101:1094-101. [PMID: 18623228 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report on the development of a whole-cell biocatalytic system based on the popular host Saccharomyces cerevisiae that shows programmable performance and good atom economy in the reduction of alpha-keto ester substrates. The NADPH-dependent yeast reductase background was suppressed through the combined effects of overexpression of a biosynthetic NADH-active reductase (xylose reductase from Candida tenuis) to the highest possible level and the use of anaerobic reaction conditions in the presence of an ethanol co-substrate where mainly NADH is recycled. The presented multi-level engineering approach leads to significant improvements in product optical purity along with increases in the efficiency of alpha-keto ester reduction and co-substrate yield (molar ratio of formed alpha-hydroxy ester to consumed ethanol). The corresponding alpha-hydroxy esters were obtained in useful yields (>50%) with purities of > or =99.4% enantiomeric excess. The obtained co-substrate yield reached values of greater than 1.0 with acetate as the only by-product formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Kratzer
- Research Centre Applied Biocatalysis, Petersgasse 14, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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21
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Cha M, Kim EJ, Park J, Kim J, Kim BG. Enantioselective synthesis of ethyl-(S)-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (S-HPPE) from ethyl-3-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate using recombinant fatty acid synthase (FAS2) from Kluyveromyces lactis KCTC 7133 in Pichia pastoris GS115. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Knepper A, Schleicher M, Klauke M, Weuster-Botz D. Enhancement of the NAD(P)(H) Pool inSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Eng Life Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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23
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Fow KL, Poon L, Sim S, Chuah G, Jaenicke S. Enhanced Asymmetric Reduction of Ethyl 3-Oxobutyrate by Baker's Yeast via Substrate Feeding and Enzyme Inhibition. Eng Life Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200700052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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24
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Fully automated single-use stirred-tank bioreactors for parallel microbial cultivations. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 31:207-15. [PMID: 18193293 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-007-0195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Single-use stirred tank bioreactors on a 10-mL scale operated in a magnetic-inductive bioreaction block for 48 bioreactors were equipped with individual stirrer-speed tracing, as well as individual DO- and pH-monitoring and control. A Hall-effect sensor system was integrated into the bioreaction block to measure individually the changes in magnetic field density caused by the rotating permanent magnets. A restart of the magnetic inductive drive was initiated automatically each time a Hall-effect sensor indicates one non-rotating gas-inducing stirrer. Individual DO and pH were monitored online by measuring the fluorescence decay time of two chemical sensors immobilized at the bottom of each single-use bioreactor. Parallel DO measurements were shown to be very reliable and independently from the fermentation media applied in this study for the cultivation of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The standard deviation of parallel pH measurements was pH 0.1 at pH 7.0 at the minimum and increased to a standard deviation of pH 0.2 at pH 6.0 or at pH 8.5 with the complex medium applied for fermentations with S. cerevisiae. Parallel pH-control was thus shown to be meaningful with a tolerance band around the pH set-point of +/- pH 0.2 if the set-point is pH 6.0 or lower.
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25
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Goldberg K, Schroer K, Lütz S, Liese A. Biocatalytic ketone reduction—a powerful tool for the production of chiral alcohols—part II: whole-cell reductions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:249-55. [PMID: 17486338 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2007] [Revised: 04/13/2007] [Accepted: 04/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are able to perform reactions under mild conditions, e.g., pH and temperature, with remarkable chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. Due to this feature the number of biocatalysts used in organic synthesis has rapidly increased during the last decades, especially for the production of chiral compounds. The present review highlights biotechnological processes for the production of chiral alcohols by reducing prochiral ketones with whole cells. Microbial transformations feature different characteristics in comparison to isolated enzymes. Enzymes that are used in whole-cell biotransformations are often more stable due to the presence of their natural environment inside the cell. Because reductase-catalyzed reactions are dependent on cofactors, one major task in process development is to provide an effective method for regeneration of the consumed cofactors. Many whole-cell biocatalysts offer their internal cofactor regeneration that can be used by adding cosubstrates, glucose or, in the case of cyanobacteria, simply light. In this paper, various processes carried out on laboratory and industrial scales are presented. Thereby, attention is turned to process parameters, e.g., conversion, yield, enantiomeric excess, and process strategies, e.g., the application of biphasic systems. The biocatalytic production of chiral alcohols utilizing isolated enzymes is presented in part I of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Goldberg
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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26
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Yadav JS, Reddy GS, Sabitha G, Krishna AD, Prasad AR, Hafeez-U-R-Rahaman, Vishwaswar Rao K, Bhaskar Rao A. Daucus carota and baker’s yeast mediated bio-reduction of prochiral ketones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Xie Q, Wu J, Xu G, Yang L. Asymmetric reduction of o-chloroacetophenone with Candida pseudotropicalis 104. Biotechnol Prog 2007; 22:1301-4. [PMID: 17022667 DOI: 10.1021/bp0600583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric reduction of o-chloroacetophenone 1 with Candida pseudotropicalis 104 produced the corresponding (S)-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-ethanol 2 with the enantiomeric excess (ee >99%) without addition of any cosolvent. The cell could tolerate high ketone 1 concentration of 233.8 mmol/L (i.e., 36 g/L) with considerable reduction activity in this method. The product 2 concentration achieved 38.9 and 58.4 mmol/L with cells of 40 and 60 g(DCW) (dry cell weight)/L, respectively, in 24 h. The optimum reaction time, the effect of substrate concentration, cosubstrate type and concentration, and cell concentration in the reaction were investigated in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Material Science Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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28
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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29
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Havel J, Weuster-Botz D. Comparative Study of Cyanobacteria as Biocatalysts for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Building Blocks. Eng Life Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200620909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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