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Li H, Liuha X, Chen R, Xiao Y, Xu W, Zhou Y, Bai L, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Wang L, Qin F, Chen Y, Han S, Wei Q, Li S, Zhang D, Bu Q, Wang X, Jiang L, Dai Y, Zhang N, Kuang W, Qin M, Wang H, Tian J, Zhao Y, Cen X. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 subunit α crotonylation modulates cocaine-associated memory through hippocampal neuron activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114529. [PMID: 39046876 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal activation is required for the formation of drug-associated memory, which is critical for the development, persistence, and relapse of drug addiction. Nevertheless, the metabolic mechanisms underlying energy production for neuronal activation remain poorly understood. In the study, a large-scale proteomics analysis of lysine crotonylation (Kcr), a type of protein posttranslational modification (PTM), reveals that cocaine promoted protein Kcr in the hippocampal dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG). We find that Kcr is predominantly discovered in a few enzymes critical for mitochondrial energy metabolism; in particular, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex E1 subunit α (PDHA1) is crotonylated at the lysine 39 (K39) residue through P300 catalysis. Crotonylated PDHA1 promotes pyruvate metabolism by activating PDH to increase ATP production, thus providing energy for hippocampal neuronal activation and promoting cocaine-associated memory recall. Our findings identify Kcr of PDHA1 as a PTM that promotes pyruvate metabolism to enhance neuronal activity for cocaine-associated memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Li
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liuha
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuzhou Xiao
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanyi Zhou
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facilities of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaxing Chen
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuang Han
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingfan Wei
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shu Li
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dingwen Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Bu
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Linhong Jiang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanping Dai
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jingwei Tian
- Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Mental Health Center and Center for Preclinical Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Zhang J, Wu Y, Du Y, Du Y, Bao D, Lu H, Zhou X, Li R, Pei H, She H, Mao Q. Cuproptosis-Related Genes as Prognostic Biomarkers for Sepsis: Insights into Immune Function and Personalized Immunotherapy. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:4229-4245. [PMID: 38979432 PMCID: PMC11228080 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s461766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to discover diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for sepsis immunotherapy through analyzing the novel cellular death process, cuproptosis. Methods We used transcriptome data from sepsis patients to identify key cuproptosis-related genes (CuRGs). We created a predictive model and used the CIBERSORT algorithm to observe the link between these genes and the septic immune microenvironment. We segregated sepsis patients into three subgroups, comparing immune function, immune cell infiltration, and differential analysis. Single-cell sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR were used to view the regulatory effect of CuRGs on the immune microenvironment and compare the mRNA levels of these genes in sepsis patients and healthy controls. We established a sepsis forecast model adapted to heart rate, body temperature, white blood cell count, and cuproptosis key genes. This was followed by a drug sensitivity analysis of cuproptosis key genes. Results Our results filtered three key genes (LIAS, PDHB, PDHA1) that impact sepsis prognosis. We noticed that the high-risk group had poorer immune cell function and lesser immune cell infiltration. We also discovered a significant connection between CuRGs and immune cell infiltration in sepsis. Through consensus clustering, sepsis patients were classified into three subgroups. The best immune functionality and prognosis was observed in subgroup B. Single-cell sequencing exposed that the key genes manage the immune microenvironment by affecting T cell activation. The qPCR results highlighted substantial mRNA level reduction of the three key genes in the SP compared to the HC. The prediction model, which combines CuRGs and traditional diagnostic indicators, performed better in accuracy than the other markers. The drug sensitivity analysis listed bisphenol A as highly sensitive to all the key genes. Conclusion Our study suggests these CuRGs may offer substantial potential for sepsis prognosis prediction and personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinyu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daiqin Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibin Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han She
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China
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Mailloux RJ. The emerging importance of the α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes in serving as intracellular and intercellular signaling platforms for the regulation of metabolism. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103155. [PMID: 38615490 PMCID: PMC11021975 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (KDHc) class of mitochondrial enzymes is composed of four members: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHc), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDHc), branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDHc), and 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase (OADHc). These enzyme complexes occupy critical metabolic intersections that connect monosaccharide, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism to Krebs cycle flux and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). This feature also imbues KDHc enzymes with the heightened capacity to serve as platforms for propagation of intracellular and intercellular signaling. KDHc enzymes serve as a source and sink for mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (mtH2O2), a vital second messenger used to trigger oxidative eustress pathways. Notably, deactivation of KDHc enzymes through reversible oxidation by mtH2O2 and other electrophiles modulates the availability of several Krebs cycle intermediates and related metabolites which serve as powerful intracellular and intercellular messengers. The KDHc enzymes also play important roles in the modulation of mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic programming in the nucleus through the provision of various acyl-CoAs, which are used to acylate proteinaceous lysine residues. Intriguingly, nucleosomal control by acylation is also achieved through PDHc and KGDHc localization to the nuclear lumen. In this review, I discuss emerging concepts in the signaling roles fulfilled by the KDHc complexes. I highlight their vital function in serving as mitochondrial redox sensors and how this function can be used by cells to regulate the availability of critical metabolites required in cell signaling. Coupled with this, I describe in detail how defects in KDHc function can cause disease states through the disruption of cell redox homeodynamics and the deregulation of metabolic signaling. Finally, I propose that the intracellular and intercellular signaling functions of the KDHc enzymes are controlled through the reversible redox modification of the vicinal lipoic acid thiols in the E2 subunit of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Moedas MF, Simões RJM, Silva MFB. Mitochondrial targets in hyperammonemia: Addressing urea cycle function to improve drug therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116034. [PMID: 38307136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The urea cycle (UC) is a critically important metabolic process for the disposal of nitrogen (ammonia) produced by amino acids catabolism. The impairment of this liver-specific pathway induced either by primary genetic defects or by secondary causes, namely those associated with hepatic disease or drug administration, may result in serious clinical consequences. Urea cycle disorders (UCD) and certain organic acidurias are the major groups of inherited rare diseases manifested with hyperammonemia (HA) with UC dysregulation. Importantly, several commonly prescribed drugs, including antiepileptics in monotherapy or polytherapy from carbamazepine to valproic acid or specific antineoplastic agents such as asparaginase or 5-fluorouracil may be associated with HA by mechanisms not fully elucidated. HA, disclosing an imbalance between ammoniagenesis and ammonia disposal via the UC, can evolve to encephalopathy which may lead to significant morbidity and central nervous system damage. This review will focus on biochemical mechanisms related with HA emphasizing some poorly understood perspectives behind the disruption of the UC and mitochondrial energy metabolism, namely: i) changes in acetyl-CoA or NAD+ levels in subcellular compartments; ii) post-translational modifications of key UC-related enzymes, namely acetylation, potentially affecting their catalytic activity; iii) the mitochondrial sirtuins-mediated role in ureagenesis. Moreover, the main UCD associated with HA will be summarized to highlight the relevance of investigating possible genetic mutations to account for unexpected HA during certain pharmacological therapies. The ammonia-induced effects should be avoided or overcome as part of safer therapeutic strategies to protect patients under treatment with drugs that may be potentially associated with HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco F Moedas
- Research Institute for Medicines-iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ricardo J M Simões
- Research Institute for Medicines-iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida F B Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines-iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Shoaib AB, Tabacaru CR. Lactic Acidosis in a Neonate with Ventriculomegaly and Hypoplasia of the Corpus Callosum. Neoreviews 2024; 25:e107-e109. [PMID: 38296788 DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-2-e107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Bin Shoaib
- Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christa Rose Tabacaru
- Department of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Szabo E, Nagy B, Czajlik A, Komlodi T, Ozohanics O, Tretter L, Ambrus A. Mitochondrial Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase Complexes: Recent Developments on Structure and Function in Health and Disease. Subcell Biochem 2024; 104:295-381. [PMID: 38963492 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-58843-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The present work delves into the enigmatic world of mitochondrial alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes discussing their metabolic significance, enzymatic operation, moonlighting activities, and pathological relevance with links to underlying structural features. This ubiquitous family of related but diverse multienzyme complexes is involved in carbohydrate metabolism (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), the citric acid cycle (α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex), and amino acid catabolism (branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase complex); the complexes all function at strategic points and also participate in regulation in these metabolic pathways. These systems are among the largest multienzyme complexes with at times more than 100 protein chains and weights ranging up to ~10 million Daltons. Our chapter offers a wealth of up-to-date information on these multienzyme complexes for a comprehensive understanding of their significance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szabo
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balint Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Czajlik
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Timea Komlodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oliver Ozohanics
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Ambrus
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Guo Z, Zhang Y, Huang A, Ni Q, Zeng C. Phenylbutyrate and Dichloroacetate Enhance the Liquid-Stored Boar Sperm Quality via PDK1 and PDK3. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17091. [PMID: 38069413 PMCID: PMC10707026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial insemination (AI) with liquid-stored semen is the most prevalent and efficient assisted reproduction technique in the modern pork industry. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component X (PDHX) was demonstrated to be associated with sperm metabolism and affected the boar sperm viability, motility, and fertility. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinases (PDKs) are the key metabolic enzymes that regulate pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) activity and also the conversion from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. In the present study, two PDK inhibitors, Dichloroacetate (DCA) and Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), were added to an extender and investigated to determine their regulatory roles in liquid-stored boar sperm at 17 °C. The results indicated that PDK1 and PDK3 were predominantly located at the head and flagella of the boar sperm. The addition of 2 mM DCA and 0.5 mM 4-PBA significantly enhanced the sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP content. In addition, DCA and 4-PBA exerted their effects by inhibiting PDK1 and PDK3, respectively. In conclusion, DCA and 4-PBA were found to regulate the boar sperm metabolic activities via PDK1 and PDK3. These both can improve the quality parameters of liquid-stored boar sperm, which will help to improve and optimize liquid-stored boar semen after their addition in the extender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China;
| | - Qingyong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Changjun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China; (Z.G.); (Y.Z.); (Q.N.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
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8
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Wang X, Chen X, Xu C, Zhou W, Wu D. Identification of cuproptosis-related genes for predicting the development of prostate cancer. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230717. [PMID: 37711156 PMCID: PMC10499014 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper can be toxic at very high intracellular concentrations and can inhibit prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Recently, a study reported the mechanism of cuproptosis and the potentially associated genes. However, the function of these cuproptosis-related genes in PCa remains unknown. Based on the RNA sequence and clinical data from public databases, we analyzed the clinical value of cuproptosis-related genes in PCa. DLD, DLAT, PDHA1, and CDKN2A were expressed differently between normal and PCa tissues. The FDX1, LIAS, DLAT, GLS, and CDKN2A genes can affect PCa progression, while PDHA1 and CDKN2A influence the patients' disease-free survival (DFS) status. The expression of LIAS, LIPT1, DLAT, and PDHB did not alter upon the incidence of PCa in Chinese patients. A constructed regression model showed that FDX1, PDHA1, MTF1, and CDKN2A can be risk factors leading to PCa in both Western and Chinese patients with PCa. The lasso regression model reflected that these genes can affect the patients' DFS status. Additionally, the cuproptosis-related genes were associated with immune cell infiltration. We also verified the high expression of PDHA1 and CDKN2A, in clinical samples. In conclusion, we identified a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature for predicting the development of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin’an Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Chengdang Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389, Xincun
Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Denglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 389, Xincun
Road, Shanghai, 200065, China
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9
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de Gusmao CM, Peixoto de Barcelos I, Pinto ALR, Silveira-Moriyama L. Pearls & Oy-sters: Paroxysmal Exercise-Induced Dyskinesias Due to Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Neurology 2023; 101:46-49. [PMID: 36805432 PMCID: PMC10351318 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Paroxysmal exercise-induced movement disorders may be caused by energy metabolism disorders, such as Glut 1 deficiency, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, or mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders. A 4-year-old boy with a history of febrile seizures presented with paroxysmal dystonia, triggered by exercise, or occurring at rest. Additional investigations demonstrated pallidal hyperintensities on brain MRI and low CSF glucose. Pyruvate and lactate were elevated. The clinical presentation combined with neuroimaging abnormalities and biochemical profile (the lactate/pyruvate ratio) were clues to pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, a treatable metabolic disorder with neurologic presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio M de Gusmao
- From the Department of Neurology (C.M.d.G., A.L.R.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Neurology Department (C.M.d.G., L.S-M.), HC-FCM, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology (I.P.d.B.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; and Education Unit (L.S-M.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.
| | - Isabella Peixoto de Barcelos
- From the Department of Neurology (C.M.d.G., A.L.R.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Neurology Department (C.M.d.G., L.S-M.), HC-FCM, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology (I.P.d.B.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; and Education Unit (L.S-M.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Anna L R Pinto
- From the Department of Neurology (C.M.d.G., A.L.R.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Neurology Department (C.M.d.G., L.S-M.), HC-FCM, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology (I.P.d.B.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; and Education Unit (L.S-M.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Laura Silveira-Moriyama
- From the Department of Neurology (C.M.d.G., A.L.R.P.), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA; Neurology Department (C.M.d.G., L.S-M.), HC-FCM, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology (I.P.d.B.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; and Education Unit (L.S-M.), UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
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10
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Anitha A, Thanseem I, Iype M, Thomas SV. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cognitive neurodevelopmental disorders: Cause or effect? Mitochondrion 2023; 69:18-32. [PMID: 36621534 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have a crucial role in brain development and neurogenesis, both in embryonic and adult brains. Since the brain is the highest energy consuming organ, it is highly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction. This has been implicated in a range of brain disorders including, neurodevelopmental conditions, psychiatric illnesses, and neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic variations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and nuclear DNA encoding mitochondrial proteins, have been associated with several cognitive disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary cause of these conditions or a secondary effect. Our review article deals with this topic, and brings out recent advances in mitochondria-oriented therapies. Mitochondrial dysfunction could be involved in the pathogenesis of a subset of disorders involving cognitive impairment. In these patients, mitochondrial dysfunction could be the cause of the condition, rather than the consequence. There are vast areas in this topic that remains to be explored and elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Anitha
- Dept. of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India.
| | - Ismail Thanseem
- Dept. of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India
| | - Mary Iype
- Dept. of Pediatric Neurology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India; Dept. of Neurology, ICCONS, Thiruvananthapuram 695 033, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjeev V Thomas
- Dept. of Neurology, ICCONS, Thiruvananthapuram 695 033, Kerala, India
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Motobayashi M, Munakata S, Kitazawa N, Fushimi T, Murayama K, Inaba Y. Partial Efficacy of Vigabatrin in an Infant With West Syndrome Due to Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency: A Case Report. Pediatr Neurol 2023; 138:98-100. [PMID: 36436329 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Motobayashi
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Neuro-Care Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Shun Munakata
- Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kitazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Takuya Fushimi
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kei Murayama
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Metabolism, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Diagnostics and Therapeutic of Intractable Diseases, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Inaba
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Life Science Research Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan; Neuro-Care Center, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
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12
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Chen Y, Chen X, Wang X. Identification of a prognostic model using cuproptosis-related genes in uveal melanoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:973073. [PMID: 36111345 PMCID: PMC9468663 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.973073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common intraocular malignancy in adults remains uveal melanoma (UVM), and those with metastatic disease have a poor outlook. Proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cells can be triggered by cuproptosis, affecting the survival of cancer patients. Nonetheless, cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) have not been identified in UVM. In this study, we analyzed 10 CRGs in 80 patients with UVM in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database regarding the alterations of the genes including copy number variation and methylation. We further constructed a prognostic gene model using these CRGs and built the risk score formula. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was applied to validate the risk score as an independent prognostic factor. The prognostic model was validated using 63 UVM samples from the GSE22138 cohort, an independent validation data set. Based on the risk scores for 80 patients with UVM from TCGA, we categorized the patients into high- and low-risk groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between groups were enriched in allograft rejection, hypoxia, glycolysis, TNFα signaling via NF-κB, and interferon-γ responses via Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). CD8 T cells and exhausted T cells were notably enriched in the high-risk group. In conclusion, the alteration of CRGs is related to patients with UVM, and the constructed CRG-related model may be helpful to predict the prognosis of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianggui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xianggui Wang,
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Wang L, Wu L, Fu Y, Jiang L, Huang Z, Yang Z, Fang X. Changes of Key Rate-Limiting Enzyme Activity in Glucose Metabolism After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Shock 2022; 57:576-582. [PMID: 34731097 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the activity of key rate-limiting enzymes of glucose metabolism after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), to explore the potential pathophysiological mechanism of impaired myocardial energy metabolism after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three experimental groups assigned in accordance with different observation times after ROSC: Sham, instrumented rats without induced cardiac arrest or resuscitation; post-resuscitation (PR2 h); PR24 h. In these groups, CPR, including precordial compressions and synchronized mechanical ventilation, was initiated 6 min after asphyxia-induced cardiac arrest. Hearts were harvested after ROSC and samples were used to detect high-energy phosphate and glucose metabolic enzyme activity. RESULTS Compared with sham, the contents of phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate reduced in the PR2 h group, while remained unchanged in the PR24 h group. Activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase did not change after ROSC. Phosphofructokinase activity decreased only in the PR24 h group. Activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase fell in PR2 h group and recovered in the PR24 h group. However, isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activities fell in the PR2 h group, but did not recover in the PR24 h group. CONCLUSIONS Lowered key rate-limiting enzymes activity in glucose metabolism resulted in impairment of energy production in the early stage of ROSC, but partially recovered in 24 h. This process has a role in the mechanism of impaired myocardial energy metabolism after CPR. This investigation might shed light on new strategies to treat post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Longyuan Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitong Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangshao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
The brain is a highly energy-demanding organ and requires bioenergetic adaptability to balance normal activity with pathophysiological fuelling of spontaneous recurrent seizures, the hallmark feature of the epilepsies. Recurrent or prolonged seizures have long been known to permanently alter neuronal circuitry and to cause excitotoxic injury and aberrant inflammation. Furthermore, pathological changes in bioenergetics and metabolism are considered downstream consequences of epileptic seizures that begin at the synaptic level. However, as we highlight in this Review, evidence is also emerging that primary derangements in cellular or mitochondrial metabolism can result in seizure genesis and lead to spontaneous recurrent seizures. Basic and translational research indicates that the relationships between brain metabolism and epileptic seizures are complex and bidirectional, producing a vicious cycle that compounds the deleterious consequences of seizures. Metabolism-based treatments such as the high-fat, antiseizure ketogenic diet have become mainstream, and metabolic substrates and enzymes have become attractive molecular targets for seizure prevention and recovery. Moreover, given that metabolism is crucial for epigenetic as well as inflammatory changes, the idea that epileptogenesis can be both negatively and positively influenced by metabolic changes is rapidly gaining ground. Here, we review evidence that supports both pathophysiological and therapeutic roles for brain metabolism in epilepsy.
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A “Weird” Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation as a Metabolic “Secret” of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2339584. [PMID: 35178152 PMCID: PMC8847026 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2339584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metabolism is an extensively studied field since the discovery of the Warburg effect about 100 years ago and continues to be increasingly intriguing and enigmatic so far. It has become clear that glycolysis is not the only abnormally activated metabolic pathway in the cancer cells, but the same is true for the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) and mevalonate pathway. In the last decade, a lot of data have been accumulated on the pronounced mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) in many types of cancer cells. In this article, we discuss how mFAO can escape normal regulation under certain conditions and be overactivated. Such abnormal activation of mitochondrial β-oxidation can also be combined with mutations in certain enzymes of the Krebs cycle that are common in cancer. If overactivated β-oxidation is combined with other common cancer conditions, such as dysfunctions in the electron transport complexes, and/or hypoxia, this may alter the redox state of the mitochondrial matrix. We propose the idea that the altered mitochondrial redox state and/or inhibited Krebs cycle at certain segments may link mitochondrial β-oxidation to the citrate-malate shuttle instead to the Krebs cycle. We call this abnormal metabolic condition “β-oxidation shuttle”. It is unconventional mFAO, a separate metabolic pathway, unexplored so far as a source of energy, as well as a source of cataplerosis, leading to biomass accumulation, accelerated oxygen consumption, and ultimately a source of proliferation. It is inefficient as an energy source and must consume significantly more oxygen per mole of ATP produced when combined with acetyl-CoA consuming pathways, such as the FAS and mevalonate pathway.
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Duarte IF, Caio J, Moedas MF, Rodrigues LA, Leandro AP, Rivera IA, Silva MFB. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, pyruvate oxidation, and acetylation-dependent mechanisms intersecting drug iatrogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7451-7468. [PMID: 34718827 PMCID: PMC11072406 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In human metabolism, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) is one of the most intricate and large multimeric protein systems representing a central hub for cellular homeostasis. The worldwide used antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) may potentially induce teratogenicity or a mild to severe hepatic toxicity, where the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. This work aims to clarify the mechanisms that intersect VPA-related iatrogenic effects to PDC-associated dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD; E3) activity. DLD is also a key enzyme of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase, α-ketoadipate dehydrogenase, and the glycine decarboxylase complexes. The molecular effects of VPA will be reviewed underlining the data that sustain a potential interaction with DLD. The drug-associated effects on lipoic acid-related complexes activity may induce alterations on the flux of metabolites through tricarboxylic acid cycle, branched-chain amino acid oxidation, glycine metabolism and other cellular acetyl-CoA-connected reactions. The biotransformation of VPA involves its complete β-oxidation in mitochondria causing an imbalance on energy homeostasis. The drug consequences as histone deacetylase inhibitor and thus gene expression modulator have also been recognized. The mitochondrial localization of PDC is unequivocal, but its presence and function in the nucleus were also demonstrated, generating acetyl-CoA, crucial for histone acetylation. Bridging metabolism and epigenetics, this review gathers the evidence of VPA-induced interference with DLD or PDC functions, mainly in animal and cellular models, and highlights the uncharted in human. The consequences of this interaction may have significant impact either in mitochondrial or in nuclear acetyl-CoA-dependent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I F Duarte
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Caio
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F Moedas
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Division of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L A Rodrigues
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A P Leandro
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I A Rivera
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F B Silva
- The Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Metabolism and Genetics Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
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A Warburg-like metabolic program coordinates Wnt, AMPK, and mTOR signaling pathways in epileptogenesis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252282. [PMID: 34358226 PMCID: PMC8345866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex neurological condition characterized by repeated spontaneous seizures and can be induced by initiating seizures known as status epilepticus (SE). Elaborating the critical molecular mechanisms following SE are central to understanding the establishment of chronic seizures. Here, we identify a transient program of molecular and metabolic signaling in the early epileptogenic period, centered on day five following SE in the pre-clinical kainate or pilocarpine models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Our work now elaborates a new molecular mechanism centered around Wnt signaling and a growing network comprised of metabolic reprogramming and mTOR activation. Biochemical, metabolomic, confocal microscopy and mouse genetics experiments all demonstrate coordinated activation of Wnt signaling, predominantly in neurons, and the ensuing induction of an overall aerobic glycolysis (Warburg-like phenomenon) and an altered TCA cycle in early epileptogenesis. A centerpiece of the mechanism is the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) through its kinase and Wnt target genes PDK4. Intriguingly, PDH is a central gene in certain genetic epilepsies, underscoring the relevance of our elaborated mechanisms. While sharing some features with cancers, the Warburg-like metabolism in early epileptogenesis is uniquely split between neurons and astrocytes to achieve an overall novel metabolic reprogramming. This split Warburg metabolic reprogramming triggers an inhibition of AMPK and subsequent activation of mTOR, which is a signature event of epileptogenesis. Interrogation of the mechanism with the metabolic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose surprisingly demonstrated that Wnt signaling and the resulting metabolic reprogramming lies upstream of mTOR activation in epileptogenesis. To augment the pre-clinical pilocarpine and kainate models, aspects of the proposed mechanisms were also investigated and correlated in a genetic model of constitutive Wnt signaling (deletion of the transcriptional repressor and Wnt pathway inhibitor HBP1). The results from the HBP1-/- mice provide a genetic evidence that Wnt signaling may set the threshold of acquired seizure susceptibility with a similar molecular framework. Using biochemistry and genetics, this paper outlines a new molecular framework of early epileptogenesis and advances a potential molecular platform for refining therapeutic strategies in attenuating recurrent seizures.
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Epilepsy in Mitochondrial Diseases-Current State of Knowledge on Aetiology and Treatment. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8070532. [PMID: 34206602 PMCID: PMC8303198 DOI: 10.3390/children8070532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases resulting from energy deficit and reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production due to impaired oxidative phosphorylation. The manifestation of mitochondrial disease is usually multi-organ. Epilepsy is one of the most common manifestations of diseases resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction, especially in children. The onset of epilepsy is associated with poor prognosis, while its treatment is very challenging, which further adversely affects the course of these disorders. Fortunately, our knowledge of mitochondrial diseases is still growing, which gives hope for patients to improve their condition in the future. The paper presents the pathophysiology, clinical picture and treatment options for epilepsy in patients with mitochondrial disease.
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Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Man Z, Su X, Hao S, Wang T. Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency disease detected by the enzyme activity of peripheral leukocytes. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1728. [PMID: 34156167 PMCID: PMC8404224 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) deficiency is a common neurodegenerative disease associated with abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism. The diagnosis of PDHC is difficult because of the lack of a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective clinical diagnostic method. METHODS A 4-year-old boy was preliminarily diagnosed with putative Leigh syndrome based on the clinical presentation. PDHC activity in peripheral blood leukocytes and a corresponding gene analysis were subsequently undertaken. Sodium pyruvate 1-13 C was used for the analysis of PDHC activity in peripheral leukocytes. The genes encoding PDHC were then scanned for mutations. RESULTS The results showed that the corresponding PDHC activity was dramatically decreased to 10.5 nmol/h/mg protein as compared with that of healthy controls (124.6 ± 7.1 nmol/h/mg). The ratio of PDHC to citrate synthase was 2.1% (control: 425.3 ± 27.1). The mutation analysis led to the identification of a missense mutation, NM_000284.4:g214C>T, in exon 3 of PDHC. CONCLUSION The peripheral blood leukocyte PDHC activity assay may provide a practical enzymatic diagnostic method for PDHC-related mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanYan Ma
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China.,ChinovoLaboratory, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - YaoGang Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Neurological Department of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Zhu Man
- Neurological Department of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - XiaoMing Su
- Neurological Department of Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
| | - ShuJing Hao
- ChinovoLaboratory, Beijing, P. R. China.,Clinical Laboratory of Zhongke, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - TianZe Wang
- ChinovoLaboratory, Beijing, P. R. China.,Clinical Laboratory of Zhongke, Beijing, P. R. China
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A Concise Review of Ketogenic Dietary Interventions in the Management of Rare Diseases. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:6685581. [PMID: 33628494 PMCID: PMC7899763 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6685581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary interventions are now being used as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of rare diseases. One such method is the high-fat, moderate-protein, and very low-carbohydrate diet which produces ketosis and therefore called the ketogenic diet. Some of the more common conditions that are treated with this method are pharmacoresistant epilepsy, infantile spasms, glycogen storage diseases, and other forms of rare metabolic disturbances. With this review, we look at different uses of the ketogenic diet in treating rare diseases and the recommendations based on current evidence.
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21
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Czumaj A, Szrok-Jurga S, Hebanowska A, Turyn J, Swierczynski J, Sledzinski T, Stelmanska E. The Pathophysiological Role of CoA. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239057. [PMID: 33260564 PMCID: PMC7731229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of coenzyme A (CoA) as a carrier of acyl residues in cell metabolism is well understood. Coenzyme A participates in more than 100 different catabolic and anabolic reactions, including those involved in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, ethanol, bile acids, and xenobiotics. However, much less is known about the importance of the concentration of this cofactor in various cell compartments and the role of altered CoA concentration in various pathologies. Despite continuous research on these issues, the molecular mechanisms in the regulation of the intracellular level of CoA under pathological conditions are still not well understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of (a) CoA subcellular concentrations; (b) the roles of CoA synthesis and degradation processes; and (c) protein modification by reversible CoA binding to proteins (CoAlation). Particular attention is paid to (a) the roles of changes in the level of CoA under pathological conditions, such as in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, myopathies, and infectious diseases; and (b) the beneficial effect of CoA and pantethine (which like CoA is finally converted to Pan and cysteamine), used at pharmacological doses for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Czumaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Szrok-Jurga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Areta Hebanowska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Jacek Turyn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
| | - Julian Swierczynski
- State School of Higher Vocational Education in Koszalin, 75-582 Koszalin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sledzinski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (E.S.); Tel.: +48-(0)-583-491-479 (T.S.)
| | - Ewa Stelmanska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (S.S.-J.); (A.H.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.S.); (E.S.); Tel.: +48-(0)-583-491-479 (T.S.)
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Matricardi S, Canafoglia L, Ardissone A, Moroni I, Ragona F, Ghezzi D, Lamantea E, Nardocci N, Franceschetti S, Granata T. Epileptic phenotypes in children with early-onset mitochondrial diseases. Acta Neurol Scand 2019; 140:184-193. [PMID: 31102535 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of epilepsy in children with early-onset mitochondrial diseases (MDs) and to evaluate the epileptic phenotypes and associated features. MATERIALS AND METHODS Children affected by MD with onset during the first year of life were enrolled. Patients were classified according to their mitochondrial phenotype, and all findings in patients with epilepsy versus patients without were compared. The epileptic features were analyzed. RESULTS The series includes 129 patients (70 females) with median age at disease onset of 3 months. The median time of follow-up was 5 years. Non-syndromic mitochondrial encephalopathy and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency were the main mitochondrial diseases associated with epilepsy (P < 0.05). Seizures occurred in 48%, and the presence of epilepsy was significantly associated with earlier age at disease onset, presence of perinatal manifestations, and early detection of developmental delay and regression (P < 0.001). Epileptic encephalopathy (EE) with spasms and EE with prominent focal seizures were the most detected epileptic syndromes (37% and 27.4%). Several seizure types were recorded in 53.2%, with the unusual association of generalized and focal epileptic pattern. Disabling epilepsy was detected in 63% and was associated with early seizure onset, presence of several seizure types, epileptic syndrome featuring EE, and the recurrence of episodes of status epilepticus and epilepsia partialis continua (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Epilepsy in children with early-onset MD may be a presenting or a prominent symptom in a multisystemic clinical presentation. Epilepsy-related factors could determine a worst seizure outcome, leading to a more severe burned of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Matricardi
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
- Department of Neuropsychiatry Children's Hospital “G. Salesi”Ospedali Riuniti Ancona Ancona Italy
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Francesca Ragona
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Eleonora Lamantea
- Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Silvana Franceschetti
- Department of Neurophysiology and Diagnostic Epileptology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Tiziana Granata
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
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23
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Oyarzabal A, Marin-Valencia I. Synaptic energy metabolism and neuronal excitability, in sickness and health. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:220-236. [PMID: 30734319 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Most of the energy produced in the brain is dedicated to supporting synaptic transmission. Glucose is the main fuel, providing energy and carbon skeletons to the cells that execute and support synaptic function: neurons and astrocytes, respectively. It is unclear, however, how glucose is provided to and used by these cells under different levels of synaptic activity. It is even more unclear how diseases that impair glucose uptake and oxidation in the brain alter metabolism in neurons and astrocytes, disrupt synaptic activity, and cause neurological dysfunction, of which seizures are one of the most common clinical manifestations. Poor mechanistic understanding of diseases involving synaptic energy metabolism has prevented the expansion of therapeutic options, which, in most cases, are limited to symptomatic treatments. To shed light on the intersections between metabolism, synaptic transmission, and neuronal excitability, we briefly review current knowledge of compartmentalized metabolism in neurons and astrocytes, the biochemical pathways that fuel synaptic transmission at resting and active states, and the mechanisms by which disorders of brain glucose metabolism disrupt neuronal excitability and synaptic function and cause neurological disease in the form of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Oyarzabal
- Synaptic Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Marin-Valencia
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
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24
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Svensson K, Dent JR, Tahvilian S, Martins VF, Sathe A, Ochala J, Patel MS, Schenk S. Defining the contribution of skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase α1 to exercise performance and insulin action. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1034-E1045. [PMID: 30153068 PMCID: PMC6293170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and is an important control point for carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation. However, the importance of the PDC and CHO oxidation to muscle metabolism and exercise performance, particularly during prolonged or high-intensity exercise, has not been fully defined especially in mature skeletal muscle. To this end, we determined whether skeletal muscle-specific loss of pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 ( Pdha1), which is a critical subunit of the PDC, impacts resting energy metabolism, exercise performance, or metabolic adaptation to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. For this, we generated a tamoxifen (TMX)-inducible Pdha1 knockout (PDHmKO) mouse, in which PDC activity is temporally and specifically ablated in adult skeletal muscle. We assessed energy expenditure, ex vivo muscle contractile performance, and endurance exercise capacity in PDHmKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. Additionally, we studied glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in muscle after 12 wk of HFD feeding. TMX administration largely ablated PDHα in skeletal muscle of adult PDHmKO mice but did not impact energy expenditure, muscle contractile function, or low-intensity exercise performance. Additionally, there were no differences in muscle insulin sensitivity or body composition in PDHmKO mice fed a control or HFD, as compared with WT mice. However, exercise capacity during high-intensity exercise was severely impaired in PDHmKO mice, in parallel with a large increase in plasma lactate concentration. In conclusion, although skeletal muscle PDC is not a major contributor to resting energy expenditure or long-duration, low-intensity exercise performance, it is necessary for optimal performance during high-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Svensson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Jessica R Dent
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Shahriar Tahvilian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Vitor F Martins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Abha Sathe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Julien Ochala
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Mulchand S Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
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25
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Abstract
There is a resurgence of interest in the role of metabolism in epilepsy. Long considered ancillary and acknowledged only in the context of clinical application of ketogenic diets, metabolic control of epilepsy is gaining momentum and mainstream interest among researchers. A metabolic paradigm for epilepsy rests upon known perturbations in three major interconnected metabolic nodes and therapeutic targets therefrom (i.e., glycolysis, mitochondria, and redox balance).
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26
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Mankad K, Talenti G, Tan AP, Gonçalves FG, Robles C, Kan EYL, Siddiqui A. Neurometabolic Disorders of the Newborn. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 27:179-196. [PMID: 30086107 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is an extensive and diverse set of medical conditions affecting the neonatal brain within the spectrum of neurometabolic disorders. As such, their clinical presentations can be rather nonspecific, and can often mimic acquired entities such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and sepsis. Similarly, the radiological findings in these entities can also be frequently nonspecific, but a more detailed analysis of imaging findings (especially magnetic resonance imaging) alongside the relevant clinical details can be a rewarding experience, thus enabling a timely and targeted diagnosis. Early diagnosis of an underlying neurometabolic disorder is vital, as some of these entities are potentially treatable, and laboratory and genetic testing can be precisely targeted. Further, their detection helps with counselling families for future pregnancies. We present a review of neurometabolic disorders specific to the newborns with a focus on how neuroimaging findings match their clinical presentation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Mankad
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Ai Peng Tan
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Carlos Robles
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clinico Universidad de Chile, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Elaine Y L Kan
- Department of Radiology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kai Tak, Hong Kong
| | - Ata Siddiqui
- Department of Neuroradiology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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27
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Bitar T, Mavel S, Emond P, Nadal-Desbarats L, Lefèvre A, Mattar H, Soufia M, Blasco H, Vourc’h P, Hleihel W, Andres CR. Identification of metabolic pathway disturbances using multimodal metabolomics in autistic disorders in a Middle Eastern population. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 152:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Comparative Subcellular Proteomics Analysis of Susceptible and Near-isogenic Resistant Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera) Larval Midgut Response to BmNPV infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45690. [PMID: 28361957 PMCID: PMC5374506 DOI: 10.1038/srep45690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of silkworm resistance to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection remains largely unclear. Accumulating evidence suggests that subcellular fractionation combined with proteomics is an ideal technique to analyse host antiviral mechanisms. To clarify the anti-BmNPV mechanism of the silkworm, the near-isogenic line BC9 (resistant strain) and the recurrent parent P50 (susceptible strain) were used in a comparative subcellular proteomics study. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) was conducted on proteins extracted from the cytosol, mitochondria, and microsomes of BmNPV-infected and control larval midguts. A total of 87 proteins were successfully identified from the three subcellular fractions. These proteins were primarily involved in energy metabolism, protein metabolism, signalling pathways, disease, and transport. In particular, disease-relevant proteins were especially changed in microsomes. After infection with BmNPV, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) primarily appeared in the cytosolic and microsomal fractions, which indicated that these two fractions might play a more important role in the response to BmNPV infection. After removing genetic background and individual immune stress response proteins, 16 proteins were identified as potentially involved in repressing BmNPV infection. Of these proteins, the differential expression patterns of 8 proteins according to reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses were consistent with the 2-DE results.
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29
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Fluge Ø, Mella O, Bruland O, Risa K, Dyrstad SE, Alme K, Rekeland IG, Sapkota D, Røsland GV, Fosså A, Ktoridou-Valen I, Lunde S, Sørland K, Lien K, Herder I, Thürmer H, Gotaas ME, Baranowska KA, Bohnen LM, Schäfer C, McCann A, Sommerfelt K, Helgeland L, Ueland PM, Dahl O, Tronstad KJ. Metabolic profiling indicates impaired pyruvate dehydrogenase function in myalgic encephalopathy/chronic fatigue syndrome. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e89376. [PMID: 28018972 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.89376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalopathy/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease of unknown etiology, with hallmark symptoms including postexertional malaise and poor recovery. Metabolic dysfunction is a plausible contributing factor. We hypothesized that changes in serum amino acids may disclose specific defects in energy metabolism in ME/CFS. Analysis in 200 ME/CFS patients and 102 healthy individuals showed a specific reduction of amino acids that fuel oxidative metabolism via the TCA cycle, mainly in female ME/CFS patients. Serum 3-methylhistidine, a marker of endogenous protein catabolism, was significantly increased in male patients. The amino acid pattern suggested functional impairment of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), supported by increased mRNA expression of the inhibitory PDH kinases 1, 2, and 4; sirtuin 4; and PPARδ in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from both sexes. Myoblasts grown in presence of serum from patients with severe ME/CFS showed metabolic adaptations, including increased mitochondrial respiration and excessive lactate secretion. The amino acid changes could not be explained by symptom severity, disease duration, age, BMI, or physical activity level among patients. These findings are in agreement with the clinical disease presentation of ME/CFS, with inadequate ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation and excessive lactate generation upon exertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Fluge
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav Mella
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ove Bruland
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin Risa
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Kine Alme
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid G Rekeland
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dipak Sapkota
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro V Røsland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alexander Fosså
- Department of Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irini Ktoridou-Valen
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sigrid Lunde
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kari Sørland
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Katarina Lien
- CFS/ME Center, Division of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Herder
- CFS/ME Center, Division of Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne Thürmer
- Telemark Hospital, Department of Medicine, Notodden, Norway
| | - Merete E Gotaas
- Department of Pain and Complex Disorders, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Louis Mlj Bohnen
- Division of Rehabilitation Services, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christoph Schäfer
- Division of Rehabilitation Services, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Lars Helgeland
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Bevital AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav Dahl
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl J Tronstad
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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30
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Verrotti A, Iapadre G, Pisano S, Coppola G. Ketogenic diet and childhood neurological disorders other than epilepsy: an overview. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 17:461-473. [PMID: 27841033 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1260004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last years, ketogenic diet (KD) has been experimentally utilized in various childhood neurologic disorders such as mitochondriopathies, alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), brain tumors, migraine, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this review is to analyze how KD can target these different medical conditions, highlighting possible mechanisms involved. Areas covered: We have conducted an analysis on literature concerning KD use in mitochondriopathies, AHC, brain tumors, migraine, and ASD. Expert commentary: The role of KD in reducing seizure activity in some mitochondriopathies and its efficacy in pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency is known. Recently, few cases suggest the potentiality of KD in decreasing paroxysmal activity in children affected by AHC. A few data support its potential use as co-adjuvant and alternative therapeutic option for brain cancer, while any beneficial effect of KD on migraine remains unclear. KD could improve cognitive and social skills in a subset of children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Verrotti
- a Department of Pediatrics , University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital , L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Giulia Iapadre
- a Department of Pediatrics , University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital , L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Simone Pisano
- b Department of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Giangennaro Coppola
- c Department of Child Neuropsychiatry , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
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31
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Peng M, Han J, Li L, Ma H. Suppression of fat deposition in broiler chickens by (-)-hydroxycitric acid supplementation: A proteomics perspective. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32580. [PMID: 27586962 PMCID: PMC5009311 DOI: 10.1038/srep32580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) suppresses fatty acid synthesis in animals, but its biochemical mechanism in poultry is unclear. This study identified the key proteins associated with fat metabolism and elucidated the biochemical mechanism of (-)-HCA in broiler chickens. Four groups (n = 30 each) received a diet supplemented with 0, 1000, 2000 or 3000 mg/kg (-)-HCA for 4 weeks. Of the differentially expressed liver proteins, 40 and 26 were identified in the mitochondrial and cytoplasm respectively. Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 components (PDHA1 and PDHB), dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (DLD), aconitase (ACO2), a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (DLST), enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECHS1) and phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) were upregulated, while NADP-dependent malic enzyme (ME1) was downregulated. Biological network analysis showed that the identified proteins were involved in glycometabolism and lipid metabolism, whereas PDHA1, PDHB, ECHS1, and ME1 were identified in the canonical pathway by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. The data indicated that (-)-HCA inhibited fatty acid synthesis by reducing the acetyl-CoA supply, via promotion of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (upregulation of PDHA1, PDHB, ACO2, and DLST expression) and inhibition of ME1 expression. Moreover, (-)-HCA promoted fatty acid beta-oxidation by upregulating ECHS1 expression. These results reflect a biochemically relevant mechanism of fat reduction by (-)-HCA in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengling Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Longlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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