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Ben Taheur F, Mansour C, Skhiri SS, Chaaban H, Jridi M, Fakhfakh N, Zouari N. Kefir mitigates renal damage caused by zearalenone in female wistar rats by reducing oxidative stress. Toxicon 2024; 243:107743. [PMID: 38701903 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The estrogen-like mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEA) was popularly occurred in several food and feeds, posing threats to human and animal health. ZEA induced renal toxicity and caused oxidative stress. In the current study, the protecting effect of kefir administration against ZEA-induced renal damage in rats was explored. Rats were divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 5 animals. For the initial 7 days, they were orally administered sterile milk (200 μL/day). Subsequently, during the second week, the groups were exposed to kefir (200 μL/day), ZEA (40 mg/kg b.w./day) and a combination of kefir and ZEA. The biochemical parameters, kidney histological changes and ZEA residue were assessed. Kefir supplementation enhanced the antioxidant enzymes in the kidney, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which increased by 1.2, 4 and 20 folds, respectively, relative to the ZEA group. Remarkably, the concomitant administration kefir + ZEA suppressed ZEA residues in both serum and kidney. Additionally, serum levels of blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and renal malondialdehyde decreased by 22, 65 and 54%, respectively, in the kefir + ZEA group; while, the creatinine content increased by around 60%. Rats co-treated with kefir showed a normal kidney histological architecture contrary to tissues alterations mediated in the ZEA group. These results suggest that kefir may showed a protective effect on the kidneys, mitigating ZEA-induced acute toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Ben Taheur
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia; University of Gabes, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Medenine, 4119, Tunisia
| | - Chalbia Mansour
- University of Monastir, Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Safta Skhiri
- University of Monastir, ABCDF Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Habib Chaaban
- University of Monastir, Department of Physiology and Animal Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mourad Jridi
- University of Jendouba, Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, 9000, Tunisia
| | - Nahed Fakhfakh
- University of Gabes, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Medenine, 4119, Tunisia; University of Gabes, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (LR24ES17), Tunisia
| | - Nacim Zouari
- University of Gabes, Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Medenine, 4119, Tunisia; University of Gabes, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes, 6072, Laboratory of Ecology and Environment (LR24ES17), Tunisia.
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Alenazi A, Virk P, Almoqhem R, Alsharidah A, Al-Ghadi MQ, Aljabr W, Alasmari F, Albasher G. The Efficacy of Hispidin and Magnesium Nanoparticles against Zearalenone-Induced Fungal Toxicity Causing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats. Biomedicines 2024; 12:943. [PMID: 38790905 PMCID: PMC11118902 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Contamination by fungi and the toxins they secrete is a worldwide health concern. One such toxin is zearalenone (Zea), which is structurally similar to the hormone estrogen, interferes with its action on the reproductive system, and is therefore classified as an endocrine disruptor. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of hispidin and magnesium nanoparticles (MgONPs) against zearalenone-induced myotoxicity, which causes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. A three-month exposure study was performed using female Wistar rats (n = 42) with an average weight of 100-150 g. The animals were divided into six groups (I to VI) of seven rats each. Group I was administered distilled water as a negative control. Group II was exposed to Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. through gavage daily. Group III was treated with 0.1 mg/kg of hispidin through gavage daily. Group IV was given 150 µg/mL MgONPs orally each day. Group V was treated with Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. + 0.1 mg/kg hispidin orally each day. Group VI was treated with Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. and the combination treatment of 0.1 mg/kg hispidin + 150 µg/mL MgONPs through gavage every day. The effectiveness of hispidin and MgONPs against Zea toxicity was evaluated in terms of ovarian histological changes, gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers, biochemical variables, and hormone levels. The findings showed that exposure to Zea promotes PCOS in rats, with Zea-treated rats displaying hyper-ovulation with large cysts; elevated testosterone, luteinizing hormone, insulin, and glucose; and reduced sex hormone-binding globulin. In addition, qRT-PCR for aromatase (Cyp19α1) showed it to be downregulated. Treatment with hispidin improved the histopathological and hormonal situation and rescued expression of Cyp19α. Our data indicate the potential therapeutic effects of hispidin against Zea-induced Fungal Toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amenah Alenazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Northern Border University, Arar 73213, Saudi Arabia
| | - Promy Virk
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
| | - Reem Almoqhem
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
| | - Amani Alsharidah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
| | - Muath Q. Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
| | - Waleed Aljabr
- King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gadah Albasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (P.V.); (R.A.); (A.A.); (M.Q.A.-G.)
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Singh V, Mandal P, Chauhan SS, Saifi IJ, Marhaba, Sandeep PV, Jagdale P, Ayanur A, Ansari KM. Chronic exposure to Zearalenone leads to endometrial hyperplasia in CD-1 mice by altering the inflammatory markers. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae055. [PMID: 38645625 PMCID: PMC11031408 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Zearalenone (ZEA), a natural food contaminant, is reported to act as a mycoestrogen due to its estrogen-mimicking properties. According to studies, ZEA has a greater potential for estrogenic activity compared to any other naturally occurring non-steroidal estrogen. ZEA has been found in the endometrium of individuals with reproductive problems and the serum of children facing early puberty. These studies suggested a possible link between ZEA exposure and endometrial toxicity; nonetheless, no thorough research has been done. This study assessed the endometrium's response to chronic ZEA exposure. Methods Four groups of CD-1 female mice were exposed to control, estradiol (E2), and two different doses of ZEA for 90 days. At the end of treatment, blood and uterus were collected, and samples were used for inflammatory cytokines level, immunochemical, histopathological, and biophysical analysis. Results Our data indicated that the uterus showed a change in body/organ weight ratio, while other organs did not have any notable changes. Immunochemical and histological studies showed hyperplasia and a higher number of glands in the endometrium after ZEA and E2 exposure. Similarly, proliferation markers such as proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Ki-67, and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and interferon-gamma (IFN-?) levels were found to be higher in the E2 and ZEA-exposed groups. Conclusion Our finding conclude that ZEA targets the uterus and cause inflammation due to increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and proliferation mediators, as well as systemic toxicity denoted by a strong binding affinity with serum proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Singh
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payal Mandal
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Singh Chauhan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Computational Toxicology Facility, Toxicoinformatics and Industrial Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ishrat Jahan Saifi
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Marhaba
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P V Sandeep
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Jagdale
- Central Pathology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjaneya Ayanur
- Central Pathology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kausar Mahmood Ansari
- Food Toxicology Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Wu J, Li J, Wu Y, Yang M, Chen Y, Wang N, Wang J, Yuan Z, Yi J, Yang C. Betulinic acid mitigates zearalenone-induced liver injury by ERS/MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 177:113811. [PMID: 37179046 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin commonly found in cereals and feedstuffs, which can induce oxidative stress and inflammation to cause liver damage in humans and animals. Betulinic acid (BA) is extracted from pentacyclic triterpenoids of many natural plants and has anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation biological activities in many studies. However, the protective effect of BA on liver injury induced by ZEA has not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to explore the protective effect of BA on ZEA-induced liver injury and its possible mechanism. In the mice experiment, ZEA exposure increased the liver index and caused histopathological impairment, oxidative damage, hepatic inflammatory responses, and increased hepatocyte apoptosis. However, when combined with BA, it could inhibit the production of ROS, up-regulate the proteins expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 and down-regulate the expression of Keap1, and alleviate oxidative damage and inflammation in the liver of mice. In addition, BA could alleviate ZEA-induced apoptosis and liver injury in mice by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and MAPK signaling pathways. In conclusion, this study revealed the protective effect of BA on the hepatotoxicity of ZEA for the first time, providing a new perspective for the development of ZEA antidote and the application of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiayan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - You Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Mengran Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yunqin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Naidong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, Laboratory of Functional Proteomics, Research Center of Reverse Vaccinology, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ji Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhihang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jine Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Chenglin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Effects of Dietary Milk Thistle ( Silybum marianum) Supplementation in Ducks Fed Mycotoxin-Contaminated Diets. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10020100. [PMID: 36851404 PMCID: PMC9967284 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The medicinal plant milk thistle (Silybum marianum) has been widely used due to its hepatoprotective properties. The main objective of our study was to investigate the health protective effects of dietary milk thistle seed (MS), oil (MO), and seed cake (MSC) in ducks fed diets naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON; 3.43-3.72 mg/kg feed) and zearalenone (ZEN; 0.46-0.50 mg/kg feed). Female White Hungarian ducks were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments consisting of the control diet (C), the control diet supplemented with 0.5% MS, 0.5% MSC, or 0.1% MO. The feeding of experimental diets did not result in mortality cases, clinical signs of mycotoxicosis, or in differences of clinical chemistry values of blood serum. The positive effect of MO on vacuolar hepatocyte degeneration exceeded that of the MSC on d14 and both MS and MSC on d42. Each treatment was equally effective in the decrease of the severity of solitary cell death and infiltration of lympho- and histiocytes in the liver on d28 as well as in the prevention of lymphocyte depletion in the spleen and bursa of Fabricius on d14. In conclusion, the applied treatments have been proven effective in the prevention of histopathological changes caused by DON and ZEN.
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Zearalenone Exposure Affects the Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Glucose Nutrient Absorption Related Genes of Porcine Jejunal Epithelial Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110793. [PMID: 36422967 PMCID: PMC9696209 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) on glucose nutrient absorption and the role of the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in zearalenone-induced oxidative stress of porcine jejunal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). For 24 and 36 h, the IPEC-J2 cells were exposed to ZEA at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 40 (Control, ZEA10, ZEA20, ZEA40) mol/L. With the increase of ZEA concentration and prolongation of the action time, the apoptosis rate and malondialdehyde level and relative expression of sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 1 (Sglt1), glucose transporter 2 (Glut2), Nrf2, quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), and hemeoxygenase 1 (Ho1) at mRNA and protein level, fluorescence intensity of Nrf2 and reactive oxygen species increased significantly (p < 0.05), total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and relative expression of Keap1 at mRNA and protein level, fluorescence intensity of Sglt1 around the cytoplasm and the cell membrane of IPEC-J2 reduced significantly (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ZEA can impact glucose absorption by affecting the expression of Sglt1 and Glut2, and ZEA can activate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway by enhancing Nrf2, Nqo1, and Ho1 expression of IPEC-J2.
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Ben Taheur F, Mansour C, Mechri S, Laaouar H, Safta Skhiri S, Bouricha M, Jaouadi B, Mzoughi R, Zouari N. Protective effects of dietary Kefir against aflatoxin B1-induced hepatotoxicity in Nile tilapia fish, Oreochromis niloticus. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2300-2311. [PMID: 35844919 PMCID: PMC9281925 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary Kefir supplementation on the biometric, biochemical, and histological parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1, 200 µg/kg diet) contamination was studied. The yeasts were dominant in Kefir followed by lactic and acetic acid bacteria. The Kefir showed relatively interesting antioxidant potential in the DPPH• (IC50 = 0.9 ± 0.02 mg/ml) and ABTS•+ (IC50 = 2.2 ± 0.03 mg/ml) scavenging activities, Fe3+-reducing power (EC0.5 = 1.2 ± 0.01 mg/ml), and β-carotene bleaching assay (IC50 = 3.3 ± 0.02 mg/ml). Three hundred and sixty Nile tilapia weighing 23 ± 5 g were divided into four groups (30 fish/group with 3 replicates), and fed with diets containing Kefir (D2), AFB1 (D3), and Kefir+AFB1 (D4) for 4 weeks, whereas D1 was kept as control group where fish were fed with basal diet. The Kefir supplementation in D4 group significantly increased (p < .05) the percent weight gain as compared to D3 group. Moreover, Kefir improved the antioxidant enzymes in the liver, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, that significantly increased (p < .05) by 2-, 3-, and 1.5-folds, respectively, as compared to D3 group. The Kefir treatment significantly decreased (p < .05) the liver malonaldehyde content by ~50% as compared to D3 group. Histopathological analysis revealed the hepatoprotective effects of Kefir by showing normal liver histological architecture in D4 group, as compared to degenerative changes observed in D3 group. These results suggest that Kefir could be considered as a potential probiotic in Nile tilapia feed to mitigate the AFB1 harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Ben Taheur
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and ProductsFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM)University of GabesMedenineTunisia
| | - Chalbia Mansour
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and ProductsFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
| | - Sondes Mechri
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM)University of GabesMedenineTunisia
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic and BiomoleculesCentre of Biotechnology of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfaxTunisia
| | | | - Sihem Safta Skhiri
- ABCDF LaboratoryFaculty of Dental MedicineUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
| | - Mohamed Bouricha
- Ministry of Agriculture, Hydraulic Resources and Fisheries. Agricultural Development CommissionershipGabesTunisia
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic and BiomoleculesCentre of Biotechnology of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfaxTunisia
| | - Ridha Mzoughi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and ProductsFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
| | - Nacim Zouari
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM)University of GabesMedenineTunisia
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Yang F, Cao M, Zhong L, Xiao N, Chen G, Cao Q, Huang F, Zhang J, He H. Sub-chronic and developmental toxicity of transdermal delivery of Renzhu ointment in young SD rats. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2022; 41:226-237. [PMID: 35712753 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2022.2088781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Renzhu ointment (Renzhuqigao, RZQG) is a patented herbal drug derived from Chinese traditional medicine formula and modern clinical experience for the transdermal treatment of non-infectious infantile diarrhoea. The safety of RZQG in preclinical studies has not been reported.Materials and methods: In this study, the pups of parent rats were examined for sub-chronic toxicity and developmental toxicity. After 21 days of birth, they were exposed to RZQG through their abdominal skin at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.9 g/kg/day for 4 weeks and then were observed for another four weeks during their recovery period.Results: During the administration period, RZQG had no significant toxicological effect on body weight, food consumption, external eye examination, urinalysis, bone marrow examination, histopathology, central nervous system, reproductive system, or skeletal development. However, in the 0.9 g/kg/day group, the skin of some rats became dry and cracked, red and swollen, forming a white scab, while the white blood cells (WBC) count in female rats was lower and cholesterol (CHOL), triglycerides (TG), and glutamyl-transferase (GGT) were higher (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Rats receiving 0.9 g/kg/day exhibited skin irritation and were suspected to have a mild liver injury. There was no evidence of delayed toxicity four weeks after withdrawal. Therefore, the no-observed adverse effect level of RZQG was 0.3 g/kg/day (30 times the clinical dose planned and 4.92 times the human equivalent dose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhen Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengfei Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Lian Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Ni Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanfeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengke Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Huifen He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
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9
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Ben Taheur F, Mansour C, Mechri S, Skhiri SS, Jaouadi B, Mzoughi R, Chaieb K, Zouari N. Does probiotic Kefir reduce dyslipidemia, hematological disorders and oxidative stress induced by zearalenone toxicity in wistar rats? Toxicon X 2022; 14:100121. [PMID: 35392129 PMCID: PMC8980486 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxcx.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a toxic metabolite of the genus Fusarium, which causes hepatotoxicity and induces oxidative stress. Kefir is an important probiotic dairy-product showing important in vitro antioxidant potential. In this study, the effect of Kefir supplementation to mitigate ZEA toxicity in rats was investigated. Animals were divided into four groups of five rats each, which received sterile milk (200 μL/day) during the first week. Then, they were switched to Kefir (200 μL/day), ZEA (40 mg/kg b. w./day) and Kefir + ZEA for the second week. Hematological and biochemical parameters, as well as liver histological analysis were determined. Kefir administration prevented the changes occurred in the count of all blood cells, and improved the antioxidant enzymes in the liver, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities that increased by 6, 4.5 and 1.3 folds, respectively, compared to ZEA group. Interestingly, the concurrent regimen Kefir + ZEA removed ZEA residues in the serum and liver. Furthermore, the Kefir + ZEA group showed a reduction in the levels of bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and hepatic malonaldehyde by ∼82, 54, 66, 50 and 36%, respectively, compared to the ZEA group. The histopathological analysis showed a normal liver histological architecture in Kefir + ZEA group, while degenerative changes were observed in ZEA group. These results suggest that Kefir as probiotic consortium may have a hepatoprotective effect against ZEA poisoning. Zearalenone caused oxidative stress and liver damage in rats. Zearalenone induced disruption of hematological and biochemical parameters. Kefir improved the antioxidant defense systems in rats subjected to Zearalenone. Kefir prevented Zearalenone-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Ben Taheur
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Chalbia Mansour
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Mechri
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic, and Biomolecules (LMBEB), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Safta Skhiri
- ABCDF Laboratory, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Enzymatic, and Biomolecules (LMBEB), Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Mzoughi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Chaieb
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Nacim Zouari
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia
- Corresponding author. Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine, Medenine, University of Gabes, Tunisia.
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10
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Llorens P, Herrera M, Juan-García A, Payá JJ, Moltó JC, Ariño A, Juan C. Biomarkers of Exposure to Zearalenone in In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:291. [PMID: 35622538 PMCID: PMC9142966 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The measurement of human exposure to mycotoxins is necessary for its association with adverse health effects. This exposure is usually estimated from contamination levels of foodstuffs, which are the primary source of toxin exposure, and data on food consumption patterns. However, variations in contamination level, intestinal absorption, toxin distribution, and excretion lead to individual variations in toxin exposure that can be more readily measured with a biomarker. This review deals with the latest literature information about ZEN biomarkers in humans, animals, and cell line cultures. Their presence in urine, biomarkers that have effects in the kidney, liver, reproductive system and blood and biomarkers of cell response have been reported. It has highlighted the importance of determining α-zearalenol and β-zearalenol biomarkers to estimate the probable dietary intake (PDI) of a specific population or to characterize the severity of exposure to ZEN in animals or cell lines. α-ZEL and β-ZEL are cytotoxic by inhibiting cell proliferation, total protein and DNA syntheses, in this sense, an induction of expression proteins Hsp27 and Hsp70 was observed, and an increase in gene expression (TLR4, NF-kBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MGMT, α-GST, Hsp70, Nrf2, L-Fabp, HO-1, MAPK8), the determination of which indicates an oxidative stress effect. The integrity of the cell or tissue membrane is assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which increase at exposure of ZEN (84.2 µM), and the proportions of some fatty acids of the renal tissue membrane were increased at treatments with ZEN. This review allows starting future studies of animal and population exposure in parallel with those of health effects works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Llorens
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (P.L.); (A.J.-G.); (J.J.P.); (J.C.M.); (C.J.)
| | - Marta Herrera
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Ana Juan-García
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (P.L.); (A.J.-G.); (J.J.P.); (J.C.M.); (C.J.)
| | - Juan José Payá
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (P.L.); (A.J.-G.); (J.J.P.); (J.C.M.); (C.J.)
| | - Juan Carlos Moltó
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (P.L.); (A.J.-G.); (J.J.P.); (J.C.M.); (C.J.)
| | - Agustín Ariño
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Cristina Juan
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (P.L.); (A.J.-G.); (J.J.P.); (J.C.M.); (C.J.)
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11
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Zhu W, Ge M, Li X, Wang J, Wang P, Tai T, Wang Y, Sun J, Shi G. Hyperoside Attenuates Zearalenone-induced spleen injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inhibiting apoptosis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108408. [PMID: 34920313 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a ubiquitous mycotoxin contaminant that causes immune toxicity, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in animals. Hyperoside (Hyp) is a flavonol glycoside compound with antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. However, the potential of Hyp to prevent ZEA-induced spleen injury remains unknown. To evaluate the chemoprotective effect of Hyp against ZEA-induced spleen injury, 60 male Kunming mice were randomly assigned into five groups. The first two groups were orally treated with ZEA (40 mg/kg) for 30 days, and combined with Hyp (0, 100 mg/kg) treatment. The other three groups are orally treated with normal saline, olive oil, or Hyp (100 mg/kg) for 30 days. Hyperoside had an inhibitory effect against ZEA-induced spleen lesions. In addition, Hyp significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT)], the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content reducing ZEA-induced oxidative stress in the spleen. Moreover, the translation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream target genes (CAT, NQO1, SOD1, GSS, GCLM, and GCLC) were ameliorated using co-therapy with Hyp before treatment with ZEA. Hyperoside also significantly inhibited the translation and expression of apoptotic genes (caspase3, casepase9, Bax, Bcl-2) and the production of apoptotic bodies induced by ZEA in the spleen. In conclusion, the findings revealed that Hyp inhibited ZEA-induced spleen injury through its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, it provides a new treatment option for immune system diseases caused by ZEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Ming Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xiuyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - PanPan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Tiange Tai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yuxi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jianxu Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Guangliang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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12
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Elweza AE, Marey MA, Elesh IF, Zinnah MA, Akthar I, Kanno C, Takagi M, Miyamoto A. Zearalenone interferes with the sperm-triggered inflammation in the bovine uterus in vitro: Negative impact on sperm motility and survival. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 107:81-89. [PMID: 34864119 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN)-contaminated diets induce detrimental effects on the bovine reproduction. Recently, we reported that active sperm induce pro-inflammatory responses in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) in vitro. This study aimed to investigate the impact of presence of ZEN on the sperm-uterine crosstalk in vitro. BEECs monolayers were stimulated by ZEN (10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL) for 0, 3, 6, 12, or 24 h and gene expressions were analyzed by real-time PCR. Moreover, BEECs were pre-exposed to ZEN (10, 100, and 1000 ng/mL) for 24 h then, co-incubated with sperm for 6 h. Conditioned media (CM) from a sperm-BEECs co-culture, after pre-exposure to ZEN, were harvested and exploited to challenge either polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) or sperm. Both PMNs phagocytic activity toward sperm and sperm motility parameters were then assessed. Results showed that ZEN alone induced pro-inflammatory responses in BEECs through the induction of mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFA and IL1B) and PGES1 at different time points. Pre-exposure of BEECs to ZEN, amplified the sperm-triggered upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFA and IL1B) and chemokine IL8 mRNA abundance in BEECs. Sperm-BEECs conditioned media, primed by ZEN, stimulated the PMNs phagocytosis for sperm whereas suppressed sperm motility parameters. Taken together, these findings indicate that the presence of ZEN augments the pro-inflammatory cascade triggered by sperm in BEECs, provokes PMNs phagocytosis for sperm, and reduces sperm motility parameters. Such immunological reactions may create a hostile environment for sperm competence and survival in the bovine uterus, thus impair fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Elweza
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menofia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Marey
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Behera, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim F Elesh
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan; Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Behera, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A Zinnah
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh
| | - Ihshan Akthar
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Takagi
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 1677-1, Japan
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Global Agromedicine Research Center (GAMRC), Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080 8555, Japan
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13
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Zhang HY, Wang YL, Zhou XQ, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Zhang L, Mi HF, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Feng L. Zearalenone induces immuno-compromised status via TOR/NF/κB pathway and aggravates the spread of Aeromonas hydrophila to grass carp gut (Ctenopharyngodon idella). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112786. [PMID: 34555717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of immuno-compromised status in animals with zearalenone (ZEA) exposure may be a critical contributor to associated mucosal (gastrointestinal tract) diseases. However, it is difficult to assess the associated risks with limited reference data. This study comprehensively discussed the effects of ZEA on intestinal immune components, cytokines and molecular mechanism of juvenile grass carp infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Specifically, the fish were fed six graded levels of dietary ZEA (0-2507 μg kg-1 diet) for 70 d. The results pointed out that the average residual amount of ZEA in the intestines increased with dose level after ZEA feeding. We further performed an infection assay using A. hydrophila. After 14 d, ZEA groups increased enteritis morbidity rate compared with controls. The acid phosphatase (ACP), lysozyme (LZ) activities and immunoglobulin M (IgM) content were significantly decreased in three intestinal segments. Furthermore, ZEA could reduce the transcription of β-defensin-1, Hepcidin, liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2A/2B (LEAP-2A/2B) and Mucin-2. We next confirmed the loss of these immune components accompanied by the invasion of the intestinal barrier by bacteria, as indicated by activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and the expression of downstream cytokines. Notably, the phosphorylated target of rapamycin (TOR) plays an important role in regulating these genes, thus indicating a possible target caused by ZEA. In summary, the extensive inhibition of immune components by ZEA promotes the spread of pathogens, which may increase the possibility of intestinal mucosa exposure and the risk of transforming disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yun Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China; Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Research Institute, Chengdu 600438, China
| | - Hai-Feng Mi
- Tongwei Research Institute, Chengdu 600438, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
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14
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Sabini M, Cariddi L, Escobar F, Mañas F, Roma D, Candela FM, Bagnis G, Soria E, Sabini L, Dalcero A. Preventive effects of the antioxidant and antigenotoxic Achyrocline satureioides extract against zearalenone-induced mammal cytogenotoxicity and histological damage. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), a Fusarium’s mycotoxin, is immunotoxic, genotoxic, hepatonephrotoxic and, affects the reproductive system. ZEN induces toxic and genotoxic effects on humans and other animals. Achyrocline satureioides has several medicinal properties. Moreover, the aqueous extract of A. satureioides is a safe agent that exerts low cytotoxicity and no genotoxicity. This extract is a promissory candidate to counteract ZEN effects. The present study aimed to investigate the capacity of cold aqueous extract from A. satureioides to protect against ZEN multi-target toxicity in different experimental mammal models. Anticytotoxicity was evaluated by neutral red uptake and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium reduction assays. Comet assay and micronuclei test, oxidative stress (TBARs), and histopathological damage were evaluated in Balb/C mice. Anticytotoxic studies indicated that cold aqueous extract (100 and 300 μg/ml) protected from damage induced by ZEN (50 μg/ml) on Vero cells. In vivo studies indicated that ZEN (40 mg/kg body weight) induced an increase of genotoxicity: micronuclei (34 MNPCE/1000 PCE) and increase of damage (tail moment) in blood cells. Also, it increased lipid peroxidation in liver and kidneys and generated several histopathological alterations in both organs. Cold aqueous extract (100 mg/kg body weight) protected from genotoxicity induced by ZEN in both tests. Cold aqueous extract, also, reduced the lipid peroxidation and histopathological damage in liver and kidneys. In conclusion, the cold aqueous extract of A. satureioides that contains bioactive flavonoids prevents the multi-target toxicity induced by ZEN improving all the parameters evaluated in vitro and in vivo, which is a valuable and original finding in order to develop future treatments for human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.C. Sabini
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L.N. Cariddi
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F.M. Escobar
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F. Mañas
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D. Roma
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F. Menis Candela
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G. Bagnis
- Cátedra de Histología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E.A. Soria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L.I. Sabini
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A.M. Dalcero
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina
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15
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Jakimiuk E, Radwińska J, Woźny M, Pomianowski A, Brzuzan P, Wojtacha P, Obremski K, Zielonka Ł. The Influence of Zearalenone on Selected Hemostatic Parameters in Sexually Immature Gilts. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:625. [PMID: 34564628 PMCID: PMC8473075 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular toxicity induced by xenobiotics is associated with dysfunctions or damage to endothelial cells, changes in vascular permeability or dysregulation of the vascular redox state. The aim of this study was to determine whether per os administration of zearalenone (ZEN) influences selected hemostatic parameters in prepubertal gilts. This study was performed on female gilts divided into a control group which received placebo and an experimental group which received ZEN at a dose of 5.0 µg·kg-1 b.w. × day-1. On days 14, 28 and 42, blood samples were collected from the animals for analyses of hematological, coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters, nitric oxide, von Willebrand factor antigen content and catalase activity. The results demonstrated that the treatment of gilts with ZEN at a dose below no observable adverse effect level did not affect the primary hemostasis and the blood coagulation cascade. However, ZEN could have temporarily affected the selected indicators of endothelial cell function (increase of von Willebrand factor, decrease of nitric oxide levels) and the oxidative status plasma (decrease of catalase activity) of the exposed gilts. In summary, these results suggest that the adaptive response to ZEN-exposure can induce a transient imbalance in the vascular system by acting on vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jakimiuk
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.O.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Justyna Radwińska
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Maciej Woźny
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Pomianowski
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Paweł Brzuzan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Paweł Wojtacha
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Cieszynski 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Kazimierz Obremski
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.O.); (Ł.Z.)
| | - Łukasz Zielonka
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.O.); (Ł.Z.)
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16
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Owumi SE, Najophe SE, Idowu TB, Nwozo SO. Protective mechanisms of gallic acid on hepatorenal dysfunction of zearalenone treated rat. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00828-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Zearalenone and the Immune Response. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13040248. [PMID: 33807171 PMCID: PMC8066068 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13040248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is an estrogenic fusariotoxin, being classified as a phytoestrogen, or as a mycoestrogen. ZEA and its metabolites are able to bind to estrogen receptors, 17β-estradiol specific receptors, leading to reproductive disorders which include low fertility, abnormal fetal development, reduced litter size and modification at the level of reproductive hormones especially in female pigs. ZEA has also significant effects on immune response with immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive results. This review presents the effects of ZEA and its derivatives on all levels of the immune response such as innate immunity with its principal component inflammatory response as well as the acquired immunity with two components, humoral and cellular immune response. The mechanisms involved by ZEA in triggering its effects are addressed. The review cited more than 150 publications and discuss the results obtained from in vitro and in vivo experiments exploring the immunotoxicity produced by ZEA on different type of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs. The review indicates that despite the increasing number of studies analyzing the mechanisms used by ZEA to modulate the immune response the available data are unsubstantial and needs further works.
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18
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Tras B, Eser Faki H, Ozdemir Kutahya Z, Bahcivan E, Dik B, Bozkurt B, Uney K. Treatment and protective effects of metalloproteinase inhibitors alone and in combination with N-Acetyl cysteine plus vitamin E in rats exposed to aflatoxin B 1. Toxicon 2021; 194:79-85. [PMID: 33617885 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors dexamethasone and minocycline administrations -both single and in combination with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and vitamin E-on the tissue distribution and lethal dose (LD)50 of aflatoxin (AF)B1 in rats. We performed this study on male Wistar rats (8-10 weeks) in two phases. In the first phase, rats were administered dexamethasone (5 and 20 mg/kg) and minocycline (45 and 90 mg/kg), both as single treatments and in combination with NAC (200 mg/kg) and vitamin E (600 mg/kg); these treatments followed AFB1 administration (2 mg/kg). In the second phase, the therapeutic effect value (TEV) was calculated to determine the treatment effect on the LD50 level of AFB1. The tissue affinity of AFB1 from high to low was liver, kidney, intestine, brain, heart, spleen, lung, testis, and vitreous humor, respectively. Dexamethasone at the 20 mg/kg dose significantly reduced AFB1 concentrations in the plasma and the other tissues, except for the vitreous humor. The effects of minocycline on the plasma and tissue concentrations of AFB1 varied by dose and tissue. The combinations of dexamethasone or minocycline with NAC and vitamin E increased the AFB1 concentrations in the plasma and all tissues, except for vitreous humor and liver. In male rats, the LD50 value of AFB1 was 11.86 mg/kg. The TEV of dexamethasone (20 mg/kg) was calculated to be 1.5. Dexamethasone can be administered in repeated doses at ≥20 mg/kg to increase survival in AFB1 poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunyamin Tras
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Eser Faki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ozdemir Kutahya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cukurova, 01930, Adana, Turkey
| | - Emre Bahcivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, 36000, Kars, Turkey
| | - Burak Dik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Banu Bozkurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42031, Konya, Turkey
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Pickova D, Ostry V, Toman J, Malir F. Presence of Mycotoxins in Milk Thistle ( Silybum marianum) Food Supplements: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E782. [PMID: 33302488 PMCID: PMC7763672 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12120782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of herbal-based supplements, which are believed to have beneficial effects on human health with no side effects, has become popular around the world and this trend is still increasing. Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, commonly known as milk thistle (MT), is the most commonly studied herb associated with the treatment of liver diseases. The hepatoprotective effects of active substances in silymarin, with silybin being the main compound, have been demonstrated in many studies. However, MT can be affected by toxigenic micro-fungi and contaminated by mycotoxins with adverse effects. The beneficial effect of silymarin can thus be reduced or totally antagonized by mycotoxins. MT has proven to be affected by micro-fungi of the Fusarium and Alternaria genera, in particular, and their mycotoxins. Alternariol-methyl-ether (AME), alternariol (AOH), beauvericin (BEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), enniatin A (ENNA), enniatin A1 (ENNA1), enniatin B (ENNB), enniatin B1 (ENNB1), HT-2 toxin (HT-2), T-2 toxin (T-2), tentoxin (TEN), and zearalenone (ZEA) seem to be most significant in MT-based dietary supplements. This review focuses on summarizing cases of mycotoxins in MT to emphasize the need for strict monitoring and regulation, as mycotoxins in relation with MT-based dietary supplements are not covered by European Union legislation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Pickova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (J.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Vladimir Ostry
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (J.T.); (F.M.)
- Center for Health, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Nutrition and Food in Brno, Palackeho 3a, CZ-61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Toman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (J.T.); (F.M.)
| | - Frantisek Malir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ-50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (V.O.); (J.T.); (F.M.)
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Effects of Dietary Zearalenone Exposure on the Growth Performance, Small Intestine Disaccharidase, and Antioxidant Activities of Weaned Gilts. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112157. [PMID: 33228146 PMCID: PMC7699518 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study was conducted to assess the effects of Zearalenone (ZEA) exposure on the growth performance, small intestine disaccharidase, and antioxidant activities of weaned gilts. Twenty weaned gilts were randomly divided into control and ZEA treatment (1.04 mg/kg) groups. The data showed that 1.04 mg/kg ZEA in gilt’s diet could reduce the activity of disaccharidase enzymes and induce oxidative stress in the small intestine. Therefore, ZEA may induce intestinal injury by oxidative stress, or induce oxidative stress through intestinal injury, thus reducing the effect of animals on nutrient absorption. Abstract Zearalenone (ZEA) is a secondary metabolite with estrogenic effects produced by Fusarium fungi and mainly occurs as a contaminant of grains such as corn and wheat. ZEA, to which weaned gilts are extremely sensitive, is the main Fusarium toxin detected in corn–soybean meal diets. Our aim was to examine the effects of ZEA on the growth performance, intestinal disaccharidase activity, and anti-stress capacity of weaned gilts. Twenty 42-day-old healthy Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned gilts (12.84 ± 0.26 kg) were randomly divided into control and treatment (diet containing 1.04 mg/kg ZEA) groups. The experiment included a 7-day pre-trial period followed by a 35-day test period, all gilts were euthanized and small intestinal samples were collected and subjected to immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. The results revealed that inclusion of 1.04 mg/kg ZEA in the diet significantly reduced the activities of lactase, sucrase, and maltase in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of gilts. Similarly, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and activities of catalase in the jejunum and ileum were reduced (p < 0.05). Conversely, the content of malondialdehyde in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and the integrated optical density (IOD), IOD in single villi, and the mRNA and protein expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). The results of immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the positive reaction of Hsp70 in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of weaned gilts was enhanced in the ZEA treatment, compared with the control. The findings of this study indicate the inclusion of ZEA (1.04 mg/kg) in the diet of gilts reduced the activity of disaccharidase enzymes and induced oxidative stress in the small intestine, thereby indicating that ZEA would have the effect of reducing nutrient absorption in these animals.
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Effect of Gamma-Radiation on Zearalenone-Degradation, Cytotoxicity and Estrogenicity. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111687. [PMID: 33218048 PMCID: PMC7698921 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is produced in cereals by different species of Fusarium, being a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin. Despite having a low acute toxicity, ZEA strongly interferes with estrogen receptors. Gamma-radiation has been investigated to eliminate mycotoxins from food and feed, showing promising results. The present study aims to investigate the gamma-radiation effect on ZEA at different moisture conditions and to evaluate the cytotoxicity and estrogenicity of the irradiated ZEA. Different concentrations of dehydrated ZEA and aqueous solutions of ZEA were exposed to gamma-radiation doses ranging from 0.4 to 8.6 kGy and the mycotoxin concentration determined after exposure by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. Following this, the cytotoxicity of irradiated samples was assessed in HepG2 cells, by measuring alterations of metabolic activity, plasma membrane integrity and lysosomal function, and their estrogenicity by measuring luciferase activity in HeLa 9903 cells. Gamma-radiation was found to be effective in reducing ZEA, with significant increases in degradation with increased moisture content. Furthermore, a reduction of cytotoxicity with irradiation was observed. ZEA estrogenicity was also increasingly reduced with increasing radiation doses, but mainly in aqueous solutions. These results suggest reduction of ZEA levels and of its toxicity in food and feed commodities may be achieved by irradiation.
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22
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Etching of halloysite nanotubes hollow imprinted materials as adsorbent for extracting of Zearalenone from grain samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhang Y, Hu B, Wang M, Tong J, Pan J, Wang N, Gong P, Long M. Selenium Protects against Zearalenone-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Mouse Kidney by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6059058. [PMID: 32850001 PMCID: PMC7439790 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6059058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the molecular mechanism of selenium (Se) protecting against kidney injury induced by zearalenone (ZEA) in mice. The experimental mice were divided into 4 groups including the control group, the Se group, the ZEA group, and the Se+ZEA group; ZEA and Se were administered orally for 28 days. The changes in renal biochemical index (BUN, UA, and CRE), biochemical change of kidney damage such as BUN, UA, and CRE, and oxidative damage such as MDA, T-SOD, and GSH-Px were investigated. Pathological sections and TUNEL staining were used to analyze renal pathological changes and cell apoptosis. qRT-PCR and Western blot were employed to detect the expression of genes and proteins which were related with endoplasmic reticulum stress. The results showed that ZEA increased the concentration of BUN, UA, and CRE and the content of MDA and decreased the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in the mouse kidneys. However, Se reversed above changes of the biochemical and antioxidant indexes of renal injury. Moreover, the results also showed that ZEA can increase the expression of Bax, caspase-12, caspase-3, Bip, CHOP, JNK protein, and mRNA and decrease the expression of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA. But Se reversed these proteins and genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. It can be concluded that Se protected against the kidney damage induced by ZEA. Se may protect the kidney from ZEA-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress by inhibiting ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Quality Standards, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jingjing Tong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jianwen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry Quality Standards, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Karaman E, Ariman I, Ozden S. Responses of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines after zearalenone exposure in human kidney cells. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2019.2512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone is a mycotoxin widely found worldwide that is produced by several fungal species. Due to its similarity to estradiol, it has been shown to have toxic effects on the reproductive system. Although various animal studies have been conducted to investigate the toxic effects of zearalenone, the mechanisms of toxicity have not been fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to investigate the dose-dependent toxic effects of zearalenone exposure in human kidney cells. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of zearalenone in HK-2 cells were found to be 133.42 and 101.74 µM in MTT- and NRU-tests, respectively. Zearalenone exposure at concentrations of 1, 10 and 50 µM decreased cell proliferation by 2.1, 11.07 and 24.34%, respectively. Reactive oxygen species levels increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. A significant increase was observed in the expressions of MGMT, α-GST, Hsp70 and HO-1 genes, which are associated with oxidative damage, while a significant decrease in L-Fabp gene expression was observed. Moreover, zearalenone increased gene expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, TNFα and MAPK8. Significant increases were observed at the level of global DNA methylation and expression of DNMT1 in all exposure groups. These results indicate that changes in DNA methylation and oxidative damage may play an important role in the toxicity of zearalenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.F. Karaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116-Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, 34010-Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - I. Ariman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116-Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S. Ozden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116-Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lieshchova MA, Bilan MV, Bohomaz AA, Tishkina NM, Brygadyrenko VV. Effect of succinic acid on the organism of mice and their intestinal microbiota against the background of excessive fat consumption. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.15421/022023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinic acid and its salts (succinates) positively affect the oxygenation of the internal environment, stabilize the structure and functional activity of mitochondria, and normalize the ion metabolism in the cell. Separate clinical studies and experimental surveys confirmed that having low toxicity succinic acid has well-manifested antioxidant, immunostimulating, adaptogenic properties. In this study, we determined the influence of succinic acid on the organism of laboratory animals against the backround of high-fat diet: the changes in body weight, indices of the mass of the internal organs, blood parameters and the changes in the intestinal microbiota were determined. For the experiment, we formed three experimental and three control groups of male white mice. The animals of the control group received 0.5% solution of succinic acid instead of water. In the experiment, we determined that succinic acid has no effect on the intensity of growth of weight of young mice against the background of excessive fat in their diet. Excessive consumption of fat by male mice leads to mainly disorders in the functioning of the liver, excretory and the immune systems. High-fat diet of mice is accompanied by impaired hepatic function, manifested in sharp hypoproteinemia due to globulins, increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes against the background of reduced activity of alkaline phosphatase, increase in the level of bilirubin, and decrease in glucose. Excess of fat in the diet leads to malfunctioning of the excretory system, manifested in the reduced index of kidneys’ weight, high content of creatinine and reduced level of urea in the blood. Addition of succinic acid has a positive effect on the functional condition of the liver and the kidneys, especially noticeable during long-term intake. High-fat diet causes disorders in the functioning of the organs of blood circulation and immune protection, accompanied by decrease in the relative mass of the thymus and spleen, low content of hemoglobin and the number of erythrocytes, but has no significant effect on the content of other cellular elements in the blood. By the middle of the experiment, succinic acid had exacerbated these processes compared to the control, but by the end of the experiment, by contrast, these processes were alleviated. Addition of the succinic acid to high-fat diet contributed to the change in the quantitative composition of the main representatives of the obligatory microbiota (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp. and typical Escherichia coli) in the laboratory animals. Such changes in the intestinal microbiota may lead to such consequences as reproduction of the facultative microflora, and, thus, development of various diseases.
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Gao Y, Ye Q, Bao X, Huang X, Wang J, Zheng N. Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling reveals the intestinal immunotoxicity induced by aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A. Toxicon 2020; 180:49-61. [PMID: 32268155 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins-contaminated milk could threaten human health; therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate the toxicological effect of mycotoxins in milk. Most recently, researchers have paid more attention to the immunotoxic effects of the individual cereal-contaminating mycotoxins, namely, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol. However, there is scant information about the intestinal immunotoxicity of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), let alone that of a combination of AFM1 and ochratoxin A (OTA), which often co-occur in milk. To reveal the inflammatory response caused by these mycotoxins, expression of inflammation-related genes in differentiated Caco-2 cells was analyzed, demonstrating a synergistic effect of the mixture of AFM1 (4 μg/mL) and OTA (4 μg/mL). Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were also performed. A cross-omics analysis identified several mechanisms underlying this synergy: (i) compared with stimulation with either compound alone, combined use resulted in stronger induction of proteins involved in immunity-related pathways; (ii) combination of the two agents targeted different points in the same pathways; and (iii) combination of the two agents activated specific inflammation-related pathways. These results suggested that combined use of AFM1 and OTA might exacerbate intestinal inflammation, indicating that regulatory authorities should pay more attention to food contamination by multiple mycotoxins when performing risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiaoyan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Brygadyrenko VV, Lieshchova MA, Bilan MV, Tishkina NM, Horchanok AV. Effect of alcohol tincture of Aralia elata on the organism of rats and their gut microbiota against the background of excessive fat diet. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.15421/021973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological effects of the medicinal plant Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. 1868 (Araliaceae) are related to presence of over 150 secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, sterols, polysaccharides, terpenoid saponins and terpenoid acids, though the main biologically active substances of A. elata are saponins and flavonoids. Some clinical tests and experimental studies have proved the influence of A. elata on the organism through increase in physical work capacity, exerting an anti-stress effect against a broad range of harmful factors, including stress from cold, immobilization, ultraviolet radiation and low pressure. The literature also reports the anti-ulcer, anti-secretory, antifungal, anti-tumour, and antimicrobial activity of preparations from this plant. In our laboratory experiment, we determined that ethanolic tincture of A. elata has no effect on the intensity of growth of body weight of young rats against the background of excessive content of fat in their diet. Excessive fat-feeding of male rats leads mostly to disorders in the functioning of the liver and development of steatosis. This was accompanied by reduction in relative mass of the liver, increase in activity of hepatic enzymes, dysproteinemia, increase in the level of bilirubin and decrease in the level of urea. Additional use of 0.1% ethanol led to impaired functioning of the kidneys, reduction of their relative mass, signs of dehydration, increase in the level of creatinine and total calcium in the blood. Use of ethanolic tincture of A. elata mitigates negative excess of fat, is accompanied by normalization of indices of mass of the organs, less notable dysproteinemia, impairment in the level of creatinine, glucose, urea, cholesterol, bilirubin and total calcium. Ethanolic tincture of A. elata has a low immunosuppressive action, against the background of a high fat diet it leads to increase in the amount of typical Escherichia сoli, decrease in Еnterococcus spp. and Enterobacter spp., significant decrease and in high concentrations (0.1% ethanolic tincture of A. elata) elimination of bacteria of Clostridium and Klebsiella genera, and also various yeast fungi in the intestine. In the examined male rats, against the background of excess of fat in the diet, no serious changes in the composition of the normal gut microbiota (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Candida spp.) was observed, nor were any lactose-negative enterobacteria (Citrobacter genus) found. Perspectives of further research include determining histological, histochemical and immune-histological changes in the organs of laboratory animals under the effect of ethanolic tincture of A. elata following excessive accumulation of fat.
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Cheng Q, Jiang S, Huang L, Ge J, Wang Y, Yang W. Zearalenone induced oxidative stress in the jejunum in postweaning gilts through modulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and relevant genes1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:1722-1733. [PMID: 30753491 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Researches have shown that dietary zearalenone (ZEA) caused oxidative stress in the liver and reproductive organs of postweaning gilts. However, information on the effects of ZEA on oxidative stress of the small intestine in the piglets is limited. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ZEA exposure on oxidative stress, the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology (ECH)-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway and on immunohistochemistry of the jejunum in postweaning gilts. A 35-d feeding experiment using 40 postweaning gilts (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) with an average BW of 14.01 ± 0.86 kg in 4 groups fed corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg ZEA/kg was conducted. The jejunum was obtained at the end of the experiment and used for analyses. The results showed that the activities of total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and the relative expressions of Keap1 mRNA and protein in the jejunum linearly and quadratically decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing concentrations of ZEA in the diets. The malondialdehyde content, the integrated optical density of Nrf2 and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and the relative expressions of Nrf2, GPX1, quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and modifier subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLM) mRNA and proteins linearly and quadratically increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of ZEA. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Nrf2 and GPX1 immunoreactivity was enhanced by the ZEA treatments, and block localization of yellow and brown immunoreactive substances in the jejunum was observed with increasing levels of ZEA. The results suggest that ingested ZEA induced oxidative stress in the jejunum in postweaning gilts through upregulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and downstream target genes NQO1, HO1, and GCLM, indicating the important role of the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway in oxidative stress induced by ZEA in the jejunum of the postweaning piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cheng
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Libo Huang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jinshan Ge
- Shandong Zhongcheng Feed Technology Co., Ltd., Feicheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Weiren Yang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, P.R. China
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Wang JJ, Wei ZK, Han Z, Liu ZY, Zhu XY, Li XW, Wang K, Yang ZT. Zearalenone Induces Estrogen-Receptor-Independent Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Release in Vitro. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4588-4594. [PMID: 30939243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin synthesized in Fusarium species, mainly Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, and it has strong estrogenic activity and causes genotoxic effects, reproductive disorders, and immunosuppressive effects. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) has been studied for many years. Initially, NET was considered a form of the innate response that combats invading microorganisms. However, NET is involved in a series of pathophysiological mechanisms, including thrombosis, tissue necrosis, autoinflammation, and even autoimmunity. We recently found that polymorphonuclear neutrophils response to ZEA exposure by undergoing NET formation. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain poorly characterized. Here, we analyze whether estrogen receptors (ERs) can affect NET formation after ZEA stimulation. The involvement of ERs is investigated with the selective ER antagonists. Moreover, we investigate the mechanisms of NET formation using immunofluorescence staining, fluorescence microplate, and western blot analysis. Our results show that ERs (ERα and ERβ) are not involved in ZEA-induced NET formation, but reactive oxygen species (ROS), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38 are postulated to be involved. Specifically, we provide data demonstrating that ZEA-induced ROS may promote activation of ERK and p38 as well as subsequent NET release. We are the first to demonstrate this new mechanism of ZEA-induced NET formation, which may help in understanding the role of ZEA in overexposure diseases and provide a relevant basis for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Kai Wei
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Han
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yi Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin 130062 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Yi Zhu
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wen Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Tao Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan , Guangdong 528231 , People's Republic of China
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Karaman EF, Ozden S. Alterations in global DNA methylation and metabolism-related genes caused by zearalenone in MCF7 and MCF10F cells. Mycotoxin Res 2019; 35:309-320. [PMID: 30953299 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-019-00358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi. ZEN has endocrine disruptor effects and could impair the hormonal balance. Here, we aimed at investigating possible effects of ZEN on metabolism-related pathways and its relation to epigenetic mechanisms in breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) and breast epithelial (MCF10F) cells. Using the MTT and neutral red uptake (NRU) cell viability tests, IC50 values of ZEN after 24 h were found to be 191 μmol/L and 92.6 μmol/L in MCF7 cells and 67.4 μmol/L and 79.5 μmol/L in MCF10F cells. A significant increase on global levels of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC%) was observed for MCF7 cells, correlating with the increased expression of DNA methyltransferases. No alterations were observed on levels of 5-mC% and expression of DNA methyltransferases for MCF10F cells. Further, at least threefold upregulation compared to control was observed for several genes related to nuclear receptors and metabolism in MCF7 cells, while some of these genes were downregulated in MCF10F cells. The most notably altered genes were IGF1, HK2, PXR, and PPARγ. We suggested that ZEN could alter levels of global DNA methylation and impair metabolism-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Fatma Karaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116-Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ozden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116-Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Yang Z, Xue KS, Sun X, Williams PL, Wang JS, Tang L. Toxicogenomic responses to zearalenone in Caenorhabditis elegans reveal possible molecular mechanisms of reproductive toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 122:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Su Y, Chen YP, Cheng YF, Wen C, Zhou YM. Effects of Modified Palygorskite Supplementation on Egg Quality and Mineral Element Content, and Intestinal Integrity and Barrier Function of Laying Hens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 186:529-537. [PMID: 29658063 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate effects of modified palygorskite (MPal) supplementation on the laying performance, egg quality and mineral element content, immunity, oxidative status, and intestinal integrity and barrier function of laying hens. A total of 360 52-week-old Hyline Brown hens were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments for a 7-week feeding trial. The birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg MPal, respectively. The supplementation of MPal did not alter laying performance and egg quality among groups. Compared with the control group, MPal inclusion decreased lead (Pb) content in yolks at 49 days, and either 0.5- or 1-g/kg MPal supplementation decreased Pb accumulation in yolks at 25 days and manganese (Mn) accumulation in yolks at 25 and 49 days. The contents of jejunal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), ileal SIgA, and immunoglobulin G were decreased by the dietary 0.5-g/kg MPal supplementation. The supplementation of MPal also decreased malondialdehyde content in jejunum and ileum, and decreased serum diamine oxidase activity of the laying hens at 25 and 49 days. The inclusion of 0.5 and 1 g/kg MPal enhanced villus height in jejunum and ileum, and also increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum. In conclusion, MPal supplementation decreased Pb and Mn contents in yolks, and exhibited beneficial effects on the intestinal immunity, oxidative status, and intestinal integrity and barrier function of laying hens and its optimal dosage was 0.5 g/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Y F Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Rong X, Sun-Waterhouse D, Wang D, Jiang Y, Li F, Chen Y, Zhao S, Li D. The Significance of Regulatory MicroRNAs: Their Roles in Toxicodynamics of Mycotoxins and in the Protection Offered by Dietary Therapeutics Against Mycotoxin-Induced Toxicity. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:48-66. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Rong
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences; The Univ. of Auckland; Private Bag Auckland 92019 New Zealand
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
- Shandong Inst. of Pomology; Taian Shandong 271000 P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Yilun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
| | - Shancang Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety of Shandong Province; Jinan Shandong 250100 P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes; the College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural Univ.; Taian Shandong 271018 P. R. China
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Jin SE, Seo CS, Lee MY, Shin HK, Yang MJ, Ha H. Sub-chronic toxicity of Gyejibokryeong-hwan in Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:441-450. [PMID: 29920360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional herbal formula Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GJBRH; Guizhifuling-wan, Keishibukuryo-gan) consisting five medicinal herbs has been used to treat uterine disorders, gynecological diseases and blood stasis syndrome in Asia. AIM OF THE STUDY We evaluated the safety of GJBRH in Crl:CD Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats over a period of 13 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS To confirm the stability of the components of GJBRH, we analyzed the component contents in GJBRH at different storage periods, using high-performance liquid chromatography. Male and female SD rats were orally administered with GJBRH at doses of 0, 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks and assessed after a 4-week recovery period. Mortality, changes in body weight and food consumption, organ weights, hematology and serum biochemistry were monitored during the experimental period, along with clinical observations, ophthalmological examinations, urinalysis and histopathology. RESULTS There were no significant differences among the eight marker compounds in GJBRH according to storage period. No significant GJBRH-treatment-related toxicological changes were observed in mortality or ophthalmological examinations in either sex. However, soft feces were observed in the male 5000 mg/kg/day group. In addition, there were significant changes in body weight and food consumption in both male and female rats treated with GJBRH at a dose of 5000 mg/kg/day. In the hematological examinations, we found a significant increase in white blood cells, neutrophils and fibrinogen in the 5000 mg/kg/day groups. In the urinalysis, a decrease in the total protein and albumin and an increase in the ovalbumin/globulin ratio were observed in both male and female rats treated with GJBRH at a dose of 5000 mg/kg/day. Histopathological examinations revealed erosion/ulcers and dilated glands in the stomachs of males from the 5000 mg/kg/day group, and squamous cell hyperplasia and epithelial atrophy was observed in the stomachs of both male and female rats treated with GJBRH at a dose of 5000 mg/kg/day. CONCLUSION The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 2000 mg/kg/day for both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Jin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Young Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yang
- Pathology Research Group, Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak 1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyekyung Ha
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Li PC, Li XN, Du ZH, Wang H, Yu ZR, Li JL. Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced kidney injury in quail (Coturnix japonica) via inhibiting HSF1/HSF3-dependent heat shock response. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:981-988. [PMID: 30114749 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Di (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as a plasticizer can leach away from the plastic and hence entrances into the animal food chain which caused serious hazard in organs of animals, but there are few studies on DEHP kidney toxicity. The heat-shock response (HSR) consisting of the HSPs and HSFs plays an important role in various toxicity stress conditions. To investigate the influence on kidney toxicity and the modulation of HSR during DEHP exposure, female quail were fed the diet with 0, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg DEHP by gavage administration for 45 days. The shrinkages of glomeruli and dilation of kidney tubule epithelia cells were observed in the kidney of DEHP-exposed quail. DEHP treatment could significantly decrease the expressions of HSP25, HSP27, HSP47, HSP60, while the expressions of HSP10, HSP40, HSP70, HSP90, HSP110 were upregulated in the kidney. In addition, the expression levels of HSF1 and HSF3 were significantly increased under DEHP. This is the first study to demonstrate quail exposure to DEHP is in fact detrimental to bird kidney. Besides, DEHP could attack HSR by affecting the synthesis of HSFs to mediate the transcription of the HSPs resulting in kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hai Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Su Y, Chen Y, Chen L, Xu Q, Kang Y, Wang W, Wang A, Wen C, Zhou Y. Effects of different levels of modified palygorskite supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, oxidative status and intestinal integrity and barrier function of broilers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:1574-1584. [PMID: 30113108 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate effects of different levels of modified palygorskite (MPal) supplementation on growth performance, immunity, oxidative status and intestinal integrity and barrier function of broilers. A total of 320 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned into 5 dietary treatments and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg MPal, respectively, for a 42-day feeding trial. Treatments quadratically reduced feed/gain ratio (F:G) during 1-21 days and linearly decreased average daily feed intake and F:G during 22-42 days, and linearly and quadratically decreased average daily feed intake and F:G during overall period (p < 0.05, 0.50 g/kg treatment showed the lowest F:G). MPal supplementation increased the contents of 21-day jejunal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) quadratically, and 21-day jejunal immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and 42-day jejunal total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity linearly and quadratically (0.50 g/kg treatment showed the highest immunoglobulin concentration), whereas linearly reduced 21-day ileal SIgA level and 42-day jejunal malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and serum diamine oxidase activity, and quadratically decreased 21-day ileal MDA level (p < 0.05). The 42-day jejunal SIgA, IgG and IgM concentrations, and T-SOD activity in jejunum at 21 days and ileum at both 21 days and 42 days were quadratically increased with MPal administration (p < 0.05, 0.50 g/kg treatment showed the highest T-SOD activity). The mucin 2 mRNA abundances in 42-day jejunum and 21-day ileum were quadratically increased with MPal supplementation (p < 0.05). Treatments linearly increased 42-day ileal zonula occludens-1, claudin-3 and jejunal claudin-3 mRNA level, whereas linearly and quadratically increased ileal claudin-2 mRNA level (p < 0.05). In conclusion, MPal supplementation exhibited beneficial effects on growth performance, intestinal immunity, antioxidant capacity and intestinal integrity and barrier function of broiler with its optimum dosage being 0.5 g/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingjie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuru Kang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, China
| | - Chao Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Huang P, Kong W, Wang S, Wang R, Lu J, Yang M. Multiclass mycotoxins in lotus seeds analysed by an isotope-labelled internal standard-based UPLC-MS/MS. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:1378-1388. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to explore the residue levels of multiclass mycotoxins in medicinal and edible lotus seeds.
Methods
A rapid and reliable isotope-labelled internal standard-based UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for sensitive and accurate analysis of multiclass mycotoxins including aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2), T-2 and HT-2 toxins in lotus seeds. Some critical conditions such as extract solution with the addition of isotope-labelled internal standard, type of mobile phase and the elution condition were scientifically optimized. The 11 mycotoxins obtained satisfactory resolution and sensitive detection in multiple reactions monitoring scanning mode combined with the ion switching technology in positive and negative ion switching mode.
Key findings
The developed isotope-labelled internal standard-based UPLC-MS/MS method exhibited an approving linearity (r ≥ 0.9984), high sensitivity (limit of detection in the range of 0.015–30.05 μg/kg), acceptable precision (RSDs ≤6.3%) and good recovery (76.0–116.0%) for 11 analytes, respectively. Ten batches of real lotus seed samples were tested, and three batches out of which were contaminated with AFB1, FB2, T-2 and ZEN. AFB1 showed the highest occurrence rate (30%) with contents of 10.50 and 8.32 μg/kg in two samples over the official limit (5.0 μg/kg).
Conclusions
The monitoring of multiclass mycotoxins in Chinese herbal medicines is in great urgency to ensure the security of consumers. The proposed method could be further utilized for simple, sensitive and rapid detection of more mycotoxins in other complex matrices to compensate for matrix effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- PLA Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Lu
- Pharmacy College, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Rykaczewska A, Gajęcka M, Dąbrowski M, Wiśniewska A, Szcześniewska J, Gajęcki MT, Zielonka Ł. Growth performance, selected blood biochemical parameters and body weights of pre-pubertal gilts fed diets supplemented with different doses of zearalenone (ZEN). Toxicon 2018; 152:84-94. [PMID: 30055259 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether exposure to low doses of zearalenone (ZEN) induces changes in the serum biochemical profile and body weights (BW). Pre-pubertal gilts (with BW of up to 14.5 kg) were administered ZEN in daily doses of 5 μg/kg BW (group 1, n = 15), 10 μg/kg BW (group 2, n = 15), 15 μg/kg BW (group 3, n = 15) or placebo (control group C, n = 15) throughout the experiment. Blood was sampled for analysis on 10 dates (at five-day intervals). Minor but statistically significant differences in the analysed serum biochemical parameters (ALT, AST, ALP, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, glucose, total protein, iron, BUN and urea) were observed in the studied groups. The biochemical parameters of the analysed gilts indicate that the maintenance of homeostasis and biotransformation of ZEN require considerable energy expenditure. Beginning on the fourth analytical date, BW gains were consistently higher in the experimental groups than in group C. The observed decrease in glucose and total protein levels can probably be attributed to higher BW gains and the ongoing ZEN biotransformation processes in the enterocytes and the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rykaczewska
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Gajęcka
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anita Wiśniewska
- Members of the Feed Hygiene Science Club of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Justyna Szcześniewska
- Members of the Feed Hygiene Science Club of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Maciej T Gajęcki
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Zielonka
- Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13/29, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Zearalenone altered the cytoskeletal structure via ER stress- autophagy- oxidative stress pathway in mouse TM4 Sertoli cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3320. [PMID: 29463855 PMCID: PMC5820275 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the destruction of cytoskeletal structure by Zearalenone (ZEA) in mouse-derived TM4 cells. In order to investigate the role of autophagy, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress in the process of destruction of cytoskeletal structure, the effects of ZEA on the cell viability, cytoskeletal structure, autophagy, oxidative stress, ER stress, MAPK and PI3K- AKT- mTOR signaling pathways were studied. The data demonstrated that ZEA damaged the cytoskeletal structure through the induction of autophagy that leads to the alteration of cytoskeletal structure via elevated oxidative stress. Our results further showed that the autophagy was stimulated by ZEA through PI3K-AKT-mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways in TM4 cells. In addition, ZEA also induced the ER stress which was involved in the induction of the autophagy through inhibiting the ERK signal pathway to suppress the phosphorylation of mTOR. ER stress was involved in the damage of cytoskeletal structure through induction of autophagy by producing ROS. Taken together, this study revealed that ZEA altered the cytoskeletal structure via oxidative stress - autophagy- ER stress pathway in mouse TM4 Sertoli cells.
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Zheng WL, Wang BJ, Wang L, Shan YP, Zou H, Song RL, Wang T, Gu JH, Yuan Y, Liu XZ, Zhu GQ, Bai JF, Liu ZP, Bian JC. ROS-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis Induced by Zearalenone in Mouse Sertoli Cells via ER Stress and the ATP/AMPK Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E24. [PMID: 29301253 PMCID: PMC5793111 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) can perturb the differentiation of cells, reduce the generation of reproductive cells and induce a death of germ cells, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In order to investigate the potential mechanism of ZEA-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, we studied the effects of ZEA on cell proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, cell-cycle-related proteins, cell death, cell apoptosis, ROS generation and the ATP/AMPK pathway in Sertoli cells. The role of ROS, ER stress and the ATP/AMPK pathway in ZEA-induced cell-cycle arrest and cell apoptosis was explored by using the antioxidant NAC, ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA and the AMPK inhibitor dorsomorphin, respectively. The results revealed that ZEA inhibited the cell proliferation, influenced the distribution of the cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis through the ATP/AMPK pathway. The ATP/AMPK pathway was regulated by ER stress that was induced by ROS generation after exposure to ZEA. Taking these together, this study provided evidence that ROS regulated the process of ZEA-induced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis through ER stress and the ATP/AMPK signal ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Long Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Bing-Jie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Yu-Ping Shan
- Lianyungang Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Rui-Long Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jian-Hong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Xue-Zhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jian-Fa Bai
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Zong-Ping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jian-Chun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Zearalenone (ZEN) disrupts the anti-inflammatory response of bovine oviductal epithelial cells to sperm in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 74:158-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ben Salem I, Boussabbeh M, Da Silva JP, Guilbert A, Bacha H, Abid-Essefi S, Lemaire C. SIRT1 protects cardiac cells against apoptosis induced by zearalenone or its metabolites α- and β-zearalenol through an autophagy-dependent pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 314:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Shi B, Su Y, Chang S, Sun Y, Meng X, Shan A. Vitamin C protects piglet liver against zearalenone-induced oxidative stress by modulating expression of nuclear receptors PXR and CAR and their target genes. Food Funct 2017; 8:3675-3687. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01301a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), a common mycotoxin found in human food and animal feed, is effectively detoxified by vitamin C by modulation of the nuclear receptor signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Su
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Siying Chang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition
- Northeast Agricultural University
- Harbin
- P. R. China
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Long M, Yang S, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li P, Guo Y, Wang Y, Chen X, He J. The Influence of Selenium Yeast on Hematological, Biochemical and Reproductive Hormone Level Changes in Kunming Mice Following Acute Exposure to Zearalenone. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:362-368. [PMID: 27147431 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Healthy male Kunming mice received selenium yeast for 14 days prior to a single oral administration of zearalenone (ZEN). After 48 h, blood samples were collected for analysis and showed that mice in the ZEN-treated group has significantly decreased lymphocytes (P < 0.05) and platelets (P < 0.05) along with an increased white blood cell (WBC) count and other constituents (P < 0.05). The serum biochemistry analysis of the ZEN group indicated that glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), urea, and uric acid were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whilst total bilirubin (TB) and albumin (ALB) were decreased along with serum testosterone and estrogen (P < 0. 05). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of the ZEN group was significantly increased whilst glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) had significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Treatment with selenium yeast had a significant effect on response with most of the experimental parameters returning to levels similar to those observed in the untreated control mice. From these data, it can be concluded that ZEN is highly poisonous in Kunming mice with high levels of toxicity on the blood, liver, and kidneys. High levels of oxidative stress were observed in mice and pre-treatment with selenium yeast by oral gavage is effective in the ameliorated effects of ZEN-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Wenkui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Xinliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Jianbin He
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China.
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Appropriateness to set a group health‐based guidance value for zearalenone and its modified forms. EFSA J 2016. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Sang Y, Li W, Zhang G. The protective effect of resveratrol against cytotoxicity induced by mycotoxin, zearalenone. Food Funct 2016; 7:3703-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00191b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin, is widely present in cereals and agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiu Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
| | - Genyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- People's Republic of China
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Li F, He X, Niu W, Feng Y, Bian J, Xiao H. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of the ethanol extract from leaves of Aralia elata in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:499-508. [PMID: 26456344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aralia elata Seem. (A. elata) is a well-known medicinal plant which has been used as a tonic, anti-arthritic and anti-diabetic agent in traditional Chinese medicine. This investigation aimed to evaluate the potential toxicological properties of the ethanol extract from leaves of A. elata, namely ethanol leaves extract (ELE), in rats by acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the acute toxicity study, rats were orally administrated with ELE at doses of 1.00, 2.15, 4.64, and 10.00 g/kg to determine the oral medial lethal dose (LD50). Abnormal behavior, toxic symptom, and death were observed for 14 consecutive days. In the sub-chronic toxicity study, rats were orally administrated with ELE at doses of 0, 60, 180, and 540 mg/kg for 12 weeks and followed-up a 4-week recovery period. At the end of the treatment and recovery periods, the rats were sacrificed for hematological, biochemical, and histopathology analyses. RESULTS The acute toxicity study showed that oral administration of ELE induced the incidence of adverse effects. The death rate also increased in a dose-dependent manner. The LD50 value was 3.16 g/kg for female rats, and 5.84 g/kg for male rats, respectively. The sub-chronic toxicity study showed that daily oral administration of ELE induced no significant difference in food consumption. However, the body weight of male rats in high dose group increased slowly compared with the control group during the recovery period. The hematological and biochemical analysis showed that compared with the control group, HGB and MCV levels were significantly increased in ELE treatment groups at the end of the treatment period, while TP and GLB levels were significantly decreased at the end of the recovery period. The absolute and relative weight of thymus, brain and adrenal gland showed a significant difference in low or high dose group at the end of the treatment period, although no histological changes were observed in various organs. CONCLUSION The results of this study provided evidence that oral administration of ELE at dose of 540 mg/kg is safe in rats and may not exert severe toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjin Li
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Department of Basic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenying Niu
- Department of Basic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuenan Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingqi Bian
- Department of Basic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Department of Basic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
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Ben Salem I, Boussabbeh M, Helali S, Abid-Essefi S, Bacha H. Protective effect of Crocin against zearalenone-induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney of Balb/c mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:19069-19076. [PMID: 26233739 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin from Fusarium species commonly found in many food commodities and known to cause reproductive disorders. Several studies have shown that ZEN is hematotoxic and hepatotoxic and causes several alterations of immunological parameters. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Crocin (CRO), a natural carotenoid, against ZEN-induced toxicity in both renal and hepatic tissues of Balb/c mice. We demonstrated that ZEN (40 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) induced oxidative stress in both kidney and liver as monitored by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, the protein carbonyl generation, the catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, and the expression of the heat shock proteins (Hsp70). However, combined treatment of ZEN with different doses of CRO (50, 100, and 250 mg/kg b.w.) significantly reduced ZEN-induced alterations in all tested oxidative stress markers. It could be concluded that CRO was effective in the protection against ZEN-induced toxicity in the liver and kidney of Balb/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intidhar Ben Salem
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Boussabbeh
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sabeh Helali
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Du Y, Zhu Y, Teng X, Zhang K, Teng X, Li S. Toxicological Effect of Manganese on NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 Signaling Pathway in Chicken Testes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 168:227-34. [PMID: 25904117 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) pollution can cause tissue and organ dysfunction and structural damage. The toxicity of Mn in poultry was reported, but inflammatory damage that Mn induced in the testicular tissue has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mn poisoning on NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signaling pathway in chicken testes. One hundred eighty Hyline male chickens at 7 days of age were fed either commercial diet or MnCl2-added commercial diet containing 600, 900, and 1800 mg/kg Mn for 30, 60, and 90 days, respectively. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO) content, iNOS activity, and histopathology were examined in chicken testes. The results showed that excess Mn upregulated mRNA expression of NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, and iNOS, NO content, and iNOS activity at 60th and 90th day. Mn had a time-dependent effect on NF-κB and TNF-α mRNA expression. Mn had a dose- and time-dependent effect on NO content and iNOS activity. Mn exposure induced chicken testis histological changes in dose- and time-dependent manner. It indicated that Mn exposure resulted in inflammatory injury of chicken testis tissue through NF-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Teng
- Heilongjiang Grassland and Forage Central Experimental Station, Harbin, 150069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Ben Salem I, Prola A, Boussabbeh M, Guilbert A, Bacha H, Abid-Essefi S, Lemaire C. Crocin and Quercetin protect HCT116 and HEK293 cells from Zearalenone-induced apoptosis by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:927-38. [PMID: 26134454 PMCID: PMC4595428 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are considered to be significant contaminants of food and animal feed. Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by several species of Fusarium in cereals and agricultural products. ZEN has been shown to be cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic in different cell types. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ZEN-mediated toxicity in human intestine (HCT116) and kidney (HEK293) cells and evaluated the effects of the two common dietary compounds Quercetin (QUER) and Crocin (CRO). We show that ZEN treatment induces ER stress and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) as evidenced by XBP1 mRNA splicing and upregulation of GRP78, ATF4, GADD34, PDIA6, and CHOP. Activation of the ER stress response is associated with activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. This apoptotic process is characterized by an increase in ROS generation and lipid peroxidation, a loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), and an activation of caspases and DNA damages. We also demonstrate that the antioxidant properties of QUER and CRO help to prevent ER stress and reduce ZEN-induced apoptosis in HCT116 and HEK293 cells. Our results suggest that antioxidant molecule might be helpful to prevent ZEN-induced ER stress and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intidhar Ben Salem
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | | | - Manel Boussabbeh
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rue Avicenne, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Christophe Lemaire
- INSERM UMR-S 1180, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
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