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He Y, Hou J, Qiu Y, Ouyang K, Li D, Li L. Microcystin-LR immersion caused sequential endocrine disruption and growth inhibition in zebrafish (Danio rerio) from fertilization to sexual differentiation completion. Toxicology 2023:153569. [PMID: 37295766 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a highly toxic congener and is also one of the most commonly found. Recent studies have demonstrated that MC-LR can disrupt growth and endocrine in fish, but how it works at the stage of the sex differentiation period had not been determined to date. In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to MC-LR (0 and 10μg/L), and sampled at 14, 28, and 42 days post fertilization (dpf), respectively. The results demonstrated that MC-LR caused the growth inhibition of zebrafish at 42 dpf. The expression levels of genes related to the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axes, as well as the levels of hormone 3,5,3'- Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), were significantly decreased at all time points. A Significant decrease in the ratio of testosterone and estradiol (T/E2) were detected at 28 and 42 dpf in MC-LR group along with changes in genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The result of sex ratio showed that the percentage of females was up to 61.84%, indicating a estrogenic effect induced by MC-LR. The significant changes on hormone levels and gene transcripts occurred mainly in the stage of sex differentiation. The correlation analysis further suggested that key cross-talks among three endocrine axes may be the growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), Transthyretin (TTR) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling molecules. Overall, our findings provide a new insight for understanding the mechanisms by which MC-LR affects fish growth and reproduction during gonadal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Qiu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China.
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2
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Wojnarowski K, Cholewińska P, Palić D, Bednarska M, Jarosz M, Wiśniewska I. Estrogen Receptors Mediated Negative Effects of Estrogens and Xenoestrogens in Teleost Fishes-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052605. [PMID: 35269746 PMCID: PMC8910684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) play a key role in many biochemical and physiological processes, that are involved in maintaining organism homeostasis. At the most basic level, they can be divided into nuclear estrogen receptors and membrane estrogen receptors that imply their effect in two ways: slower genomic, and faster non-genomic. In these ways, estrogens and xenoestrogens can negatively affect animal health and welfare. Most of the available literature focuses on human and mammalian physiology, and clearly, we can observe a need for further research focusing on complex mutual interactions between different estrogens and xenoestrogens in aquatic animals, primarily fishes. Understanding the mechanisms of action of estrogenic compounds on the ERs in fishes and their negative consequences, may improve efforts in environmental protection of these animals and their environment and benefit society in return. In this review, we have summarized the ER-mediated effects of xenoestrogens and estrogens on teleost fishes metabolism, their carcinogenic potential, immune, circulatory, and reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Wojnarowski
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paulina Cholewińska
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Dušan Palić
- Chair for Fish Diseases and Fisheries Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany;
| | - Małgorzata Bednarska
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Bird and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (I.W.)
| | - Magdalena Jarosz
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Iga Wiśniewska
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Bird and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (I.W.)
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3
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Ebner JN. Trends in the Application of "Omics" to Ecotoxicology and Stress Ecology. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1481. [PMID: 34680873 PMCID: PMC8535992 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to predict and assess how environmental changes such as pollution and climate change affect components of the Earth's biome is of paramount importance. This need positioned the fields of ecotoxicology and stress ecology at the center of environmental monitoring efforts. Advances in these interdisciplinary fields depend not only on conceptual leaps but also on technological advances and data integration. High-throughput "omics" technologies enabled the measurement of molecular changes at virtually all levels of an organism's biological organization and thus continue to influence how the impacts of stressors are understood. This bibliometric review describes literature trends (2000-2020) that indicate that more different stressors than species are studied each year but that only a few stressors have been studied in more than two phyla. At the same time, the molecular responses of a diverse set of non-model species have been investigated, but cross-species comparisons are still rare. While transcriptomics studies dominated until 2016, a shift towards proteomics and multiomics studies is apparent. There is now a wealth of data at functional omics levels from many phylogenetically diverse species. This review, therefore, addresses the question of how to integrate omics information across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Niklas Ebner
- Spring Ecology Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Yadetie F, Brun NR, Vieweg I, Nahrgang J, Karlsen OA, Goksøyr A. Transcriptome responses in polar cod (Boreogadus saida) liver slice culture exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and ethynylestradiol: insights into anti-estrogenic effects. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 75:105193. [PMID: 34015484 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is a key species in the arctic marine ecosystem vulnerable to effects of pollution, particularly from petroleum related activities. To facilitate studying the effects of those pollutants, we adapted a precision-cut liver slice culture protocol for this species. Using this system on board a research vessel, we studied gene expression in liver slice after exposure to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), ethynylestradiol (EE2), and their mixtures, to map their molecular targets and examine possible anti-estrogenic effects of BaP. The exposure experiments were performed with BaP alone (0.1, 1, and 10 μM) or in combination with low concentrations of EE2 (5 nM) to mimic physiological estradiol levels in early vitellogenic female fish. Transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) was performed after 72 h exposure in culture to map the genes and cellular pathways affected. The results provide a view of global transcriptome responses to BaP and EE2, which resulted in enrichment of many pathways such as the aryl hydrocarbon (Ahr) and estrogen receptor pathways. In the mixture exposure, BaP resulted in anti-estrogenic effects, shown by attenuation of EE2 activated transcription of many estrogen target genes. The results from this ex vivo experiment suggest that pollutants that activate the Ahr pathway such as the PAH compound BaP can result in anti-estrogenic effects that may lead to endocrine disruption in polar cod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Nadja R Brun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - Ireen Vieweg
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Jasmine Nahrgang
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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5
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Voisin AS, Suarez Ulloa V, Stockwell P, Chatterjee A, Silvestre F. Genome-wide DNA methylation of the liver reveals delayed effects of early-life exposure to 17-α-ethinylestradiol in the self-fertilizing mangrove rivulus. Epigenetics 2021; 17:473-497. [PMID: 33892617 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1921337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms exposed to endocrine disruptors in early life can show altered phenotype later in adulthood. Although the mechanisms underlying these long-term effects remain poorly understood, an increasing body of evidence points towards the potential role of epigenetic processes. In the present study, we exposed hatchlings of an isogenic lineage of the self-fertilizing fish mangrove rivulus for 28 days to 4 and 120 ng/L of 17-α-ethinylestradiol. After a recovery period of 140 days, reduced representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS) was performed on the liver in order to assess the hepatic genome-wide methylation landscape. Across all treatment comparisons, a total of 146 differentially methylated fragments (DMFs) were reported, mostly for the group exposed to 4 ng/L, suggesting a non-monotonic effect of EE2 exposure. Gene ontology analysis revealed networks involved in lipid metabolism, cellular processes, connective tissue function, molecular transport and inflammation. The highest effect was reported for nipped-B-like protein B (NIPBL) promoter region after exposure to 4 ng/L EE2 (+ 21.9%), suggesting that NIPBL could be an important regulator for long-term effects of EE2. Our results also suggest a significant role of DNA methylation in intergenic regions and potentially in transposable elements. These results support the ability of early exposure to endocrine disruptors of inducing epigenetic alterations during adulthood, providing plausible mechanistic explanations for long-term phenotypic alteration. Additionally, this work demonstrates the usefulness of isogenic lineages of the self-fertilizing mangrove rivulus to better understand the biological significance of long-term alterations of DNA methylation by diminishing the confounding factor of genetic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Voisin
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Victoria Suarez Ulloa
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Peter Stockwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Frédéric Silvestre
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology, Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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Müller AK, Markert N, Leser K, Kämpfer D, Schiwy S, Riegraf C, Buchinger S, Gan L, Abdallah AT, Denecke B, Segner H, Brinkmann M, Crawford SE, Hollert H. Bioavailability and impacts of estrogenic compounds from suspended sediment on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105719. [PMID: 33360234 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous environmental pollutants have the potential to accumulate in sediments, and among them are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). It is well documented that water-borne exposure concentrations of some potent EDCs, more specifically estrogenic- active compounds (ECs), can impair the reproduction of fish. In contrast, little is known about the bioavailability and effects of sediment-associated ECs on fish. Particularly, when sediments are disturbed, e.g., during flood events, chemicals may be released from the sediment and become bioavailable. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate a) whether ECs from the sediment become bioavailable to fish when the sediment is suspended, and b) whether such exposure leads to endocrine responses in fish. Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed over 21 days to constantly suspended sediments in the following treatments: i) a contaminated sediment from the Luppe River, representing a "hotspot" for EC accumulation, ii) a reference sediment (exhibiting only background contamination), iii) three dilutions, 2-, 4- and 8-fold of Luppe sediment diluted with the reference sediment, and iv) a water-only control. Measured estrogenic activity using in vitro bioassays as well as target analysis of nonylphenol and estrone via LC-MS/MS in sediment, water, fish plasma, as well as bile samples, confirmed that ECs became bioavailable from the sediment during suspension. ECs were dissolved in the water phase, as indicated by passive samplers, and were readily taken up by the exposed trout. An estrogenic response of fish to Luppe sediment was indicated by increased abundance of transcripts of typical estrogen responsive genes, i.e. vitelline envelope protein α in the liver and vitellogenin induction in the skin mucus. Altered gene expression profiles of trout in response to suspended sediment from the Luppe River suggest that in addition to ECs a number of other contaminants such as dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals were remobilized during suspension. The results of the present study demonstrated that sediments not only function as a sink for ECs but can turn into a significant source of pollution when sediments are resuspended as during flood-events. This highlights the need for sediment quality criteria considering bioavailability sediment-bound contaminants in context of flood events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Katrin Müller
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Nele Markert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina Leser
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Kämpfer
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schiwy
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carolin Riegraf
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | | | - Lin Gan
- IZKF Genomics Facility, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali T Abdallah
- IZKF Genomics Facility, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- IZKF Genomics Facility, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Helmut Segner
- University of Bern, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstr. 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- University of Saskatchewan, School of the Environment and Sustainability & Toxicology Centre, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sarah E Crawford
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringer Weg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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7
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Rutherford R, Lister A, Bosker T, Blewett T, Gillio Meina E, Chehade I, Kanagasabesan T, MacLatchy D. Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) are less sensitive to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE 2) than other common model teleosts: A comparative review of reproductive effects. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 289:113378. [PMID: 31899193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The environmental estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) will depress or completely inhibit egg production in many common model teleosts at low concentrations (≤0.5 ng/L; Runnalls et al., 2015). This inhibition is not seen in the estuarine killifish, or mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), even when exposed to 100 ng/L EE2. This relative insensitivity to EE2 exposure indicates species-specific mechanisms for compensating for exogenous estrogenic exposure. This review compares various reproductive responses elicited by EE2 in mummichog to other common model teleosts, such as zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), identifying key endpoints where mummichog differ from other studied fish. For example, EE2 accumulates primarily in the liver/gall bladder of mummichog, which is different than zebrafish and fathead minnow in which accumulation is predominantly in the carcass. Despite causing species-specific differences in fecundity, EE2 has been shown to consistently induce hepatic vitellogenin in males and cause feminization/sex reversal during gonadal differentiation in larval mummichog, similar to other species. In addition, while gonadal steroidogenesis and plasma steroid levels respond to exogenous EE2, it is generally at higher concentrations than observed in other species. In mummichog, production of 17β-estradiol (E2) by full grown ovarian follicles remains high; unlike other teleost models where E2 synthesis decreases as 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-prenen-3-on levels increase to induce oocyte maturation. New evidence in mummichog indicates some dissimilarity in gonadal steroidogenic gene expression responses compared to gene expression responses in zebrafish and fathead minnow exposed to EE2. The role of ovarian physiology continues to warrant investigation regarding the tolerance of mummichog to exogenous EE2 exposure. Here we present a comprehensive review, highlighting key biological differences in response to EE2 exposure between mummichog and other commonly used model teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Rutherford
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Andrea Lister
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Leiden University College/Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EE, The Hague, the Netherlands.
| | - Tamzin Blewett
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, 116 St & 85 Ave, T6G 2R3, Canada.
| | | | - Ibrahim Chehade
- New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | - Deborah MacLatchy
- Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
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8
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Martyniuk CJ, Feswick A, Munkittrick KR, Dreier DA, Denslow ND. Twenty years of transcriptomics, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, and fish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 286:113325. [PMID: 31733209 PMCID: PMC6961817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In aquatic toxicology, perhaps no pharmaceutical has been investigated more intensely than 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), the active ingredient of the birth control pill. At the turn of the century, the fields of comparative endocrinology and endocrine disruption research witnessed the emergence of omics technologies, which were rapidly adapted to characterize potential hazards associated with exposures to environmental estrogens, such as EE2. Since then, significant advances have been made by the scientific community, and as a result, much has been learned about estrogen receptor signaling in fish from environmental xenoestrogens. Vitellogenin, the egg yolk precursor protein, was identified as a major estrogen-responsive gene, establishing itself as the premier biomarker for estrogenic exposures. Omics studies have identified a plethora of estrogen responsive genes, contributing to a wealth of knowledge on estrogen-mediated regulatory networks in teleosts. There have been ~40 studies that report on transcriptome responses to EE2 in a variety of fish species (e.g., zebrafish, fathead minnows, rainbow trout, pipefish, mummichog, stickleback, cod, and others). Data on the liver and testis transcriptomes dominate in the literature and have been the subject of many EE2 studies, yet there remain knowledge gaps for other tissues, such as the spleen, kidney, and pituitary. Inter-laboratory genomics studies have revealed transcriptional networks altered by EE2 treatment in the liver; networks related to amino acid activation and protein folding are increased by EE2 while those related to xenobiotic metabolism, immune system, circulation, and triglyceride storage are suppressed. EE2-responsive networks in other tissues are not as comprehensively defined which is a knowledge gap as regulated networks are expected to be tissue-specific. On the horizon, omics studies for estrogen-mediated effects in fish include: (1) Establishing conceptual frameworks for incorporating estrogen-responsive networks into environmental monitoring programs; (2) Leveraging in vitro and computational toxicology approaches to identify chemicals associated with estrogen receptor-mediated effects in fish (e.g., male vitellogenin production); (3) Discovering new tissue-specific estrogen receptor signaling pathways in fish; and (4) Developing quantitative adverse outcome pathway predictive models for estrogen signaling. As we look ahead, research into EE2 over the past several decades can serve as a template for the array of hormones and endocrine active substances yet to be fully characterized or discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada; Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; University of Florida Genetics Institute, USA; Canadian Rivers Institute, Canada.
| | - April Feswick
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada; Canadian Rivers Institute, Canada
| | - Kelly R Munkittrick
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada; Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Canadian Rivers Institute, Canada
| | - David A Dreier
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Center for Environmental & Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; University of Florida Genetics Institute, USA
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Pinto PIS, Andrade AR, Moreira C, Zapater C, Thorne MAS, Santos S, Estêvão MD, Gomez A, Canario AVM, Power DM. Genistein and estradiol have common and specific impacts on the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) skin-scale barrier. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 195:105448. [PMID: 31421232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Teleost fish scales play important roles in animal protection and homeostasis. They can be targeted by endogenous estrogens and by environmental estrogenic endocrine disruptors. The phytoestrogen genistein is ubiquitous in the environment and in aquaculture feeds and is a disruptor of estrogenic processes in vertebrates. To test genistein disrupting actions in teleost fish we used a minimally invasive approach by analysing scales plucked from the skin of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Genistein transactivated all three fish nuclear estrogen receptors and was most potent with the Esr2, had the highest efficacy with Esr1, but reached, in all cases, transactivation levels lower than those of estradiol. RNA-seq revealed 254 responsive genes in the sea bass scales transcriptome with an FDR < 0.05 and more than 2-fold change in expression, 1 or 5 days after acute exposure to estradiol or to genistein. 65 genes were specifically responsive to estradiol and 106 by genistein while 83 genes were responsive to both compounds. Estradiol specifically regulated genes of protein/matrix turnover and genistein affected sterol biosynthesis and regeneration, while innate immune responses were affected by both compounds. This comprehensive study revealed the impact on the fish scale transcriptome of estradiol and genistein, providing a solid background to further develop fish scales as a practical screening tool for endocrine disrupting chemicals in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I S Pinto
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - André R Andrade
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Moreira
- Normandy University, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Cinta Zapater
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Michael A S Thorne
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS), High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK.
| | - Soraia Santos
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 1, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Gomez
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Adelino V M Canario
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Deborah M Power
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Voisin AS, Kültz D, Silvestre F. Early-life exposure to the endocrine disruptor 17-α-ethinylestradiol induces delayed effects in adult brain, liver and ovotestis proteomes of a self-fertilizing fish. J Proteomics 2018; 194:112-124. [PMID: 30550985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Early-life represents a critically sensitive window to endocrine disrupting chemicals, potentially leading to long-term repercussions on the phenotype later in life. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, referred to as the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD), are still poorly understood. To gain molecular understanding of these effects, we exposed mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) for 28 days post hatching (dph) to 4 and 120 ng/L 17-α-ethinylestradiol, a model xenoestrogen. After 28 days, fish were raised for 140 days in clean water and we performed quantitative label-free proteomics on brain, liver and ovotestis of 168 dph adults. A total of 820, 888 and 420 proteins were robustly identified in the brain, liver and ovotestis, respectively. Effects of 17-α-ethinylestradiol were tissue and dose-dependent: a total of 31, 51 and 18 proteins were differentially abundant at 4 ng/L in the brain, liver and ovotestis, respectively, compared to 20, 25 and 39 proteins at 120 ng/L. Our results suggest that estrogen-responsive pathways, such as lipid metabolism, inflammation, and the innate immune system were affected months after the exposure. In addition, the potential perturbation of S-adenosylmethionine metabolism encourages future studies to investigate the role of DNA methylation in mediating the long-term effects of early-life exposures. SIGNIFICANCE: The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) states that early life stages of humans and animals are sensitive to environmental stressors and can develop health issues later in life, even if the stress has ceased. Molecular mechanisms supporting DOHaD are still unclear. The mangrove rivulus is a new fish model species naturally reproducing by self-fertilization, making it possible to use isogenic lineages in which all individuals are highly homozygous. This species therefore permits to strongly reduce the confounding factor of genetic variability in order to investigate the effects of environmental stress on the phenotype. After characterizing the molecular phenotype of brain, liver and ovotestis, we obtained true proteomic reaction norms of these three organs in adults after early life stages have been exposed to the common endocrine disruptor 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Our study demonstrates long-term effects of early-life endocrine disruption at the proteomic level in diverse estrogen-responsive pathways 5 months after the exposure. The lowest tested and environmentally relevant concentration of 4 ng/L had the highest impact on the proteome in brain and liver, highlighting the potency of endocrine disruptors at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Voisin
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology - Institute of Life, Earth and Environment - University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, B5000 Namur, Belgium.
| | - Dietmar Kültz
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Frédéric Silvestre
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Adaptive Physiology - Institute of Life, Earth and Environment - University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, B5000 Namur, Belgium
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Adamovsky O, Buerger AN, Wormington AM, Ector N, Griffitt RJ, Bisesi JH, Martyniuk CJ. The gut microbiome and aquatic toxicology: An emerging concept for environmental health. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2758-2775. [PMID: 30094867 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome plays an essential role in the health and onset of diseases in all animals, including humans. The microbiome has emerged as a central theme in environmental toxicology because microbes interact with the host immune system in addition to its role in chemical detoxification. Pathophysiological changes in the gastrointestinal tissue caused by ingested chemicals and metabolites generated from microbial biodegradation can lead to systemic adverse effects. The present critical review dissects what we know about the impacts of environmental contaminants on the microbiome of aquatic species, with special emphasis on the gut microbiome. We highlight some of the known major gut epithelium proteins in vertebrate hosts that are targets for chemical perturbation, proteins that also directly cross-talk with the microbiome. These proteins may act as molecular initiators for altered gut function, and we propose a general framework for an adverse outcome pathway that considers gut dysbiosis as a major contributing factor to adverse apical endpoints. We present 2 case studies, nanomaterials and hydrocarbons, with special emphasis on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, to illustrate how investigations into the microbiome can improve understanding of adverse outcomes. Lastly, we present strategies to functionally relate chemical-induced gut dysbiosis with adverse outcomes because this is required to demonstrate cause-effect relationships. Further investigations into the toxicant-microbiome relationship may prove to be a major breakthrough for improving animal and human health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2758-2775. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Adamovsky
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amanda N Buerger
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexis M Wormington
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Naomi Ector
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert J Griffitt
- Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Gulfport, Mississippi, USA
| | - Joseph H Bisesi
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Yadetie F, Zhang X, Hanna EM, Aranguren-Abadía L, Eide M, Blaser N, Brun M, Jonassen I, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA. RNA-Seq analysis of transcriptome responses in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) precision-cut liver slices exposed to benzo[a]pyrene and 17α-ethynylestradiol. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 201:174-186. [PMID: 29929084 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) pathway, and endocrine disruptors acting through the estrogen receptor pathway are among environmental pollutants of major concern. In this work, we exposed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) to BaP (10 nM and 1000 nM), ethynylestradiol (EE2) (10 nM and 1000 nM), and equimolar mixtures of BaP and EE2 (10 nM and 1000 nM) for 48 h, and performed RNA-Seq based transcriptome mapping followed by systematic bioinformatics analyses. Our gene expression analysis showed that several genes were differentially expressed in response to BaP and EE2 treatments in PCLS. Strong up-regulation of genes coding for the cytochrome P450 1a (Cyp1a) enzyme and the Ahr repressor (Ahrrb) was observed in BaP treated PCLS. EE2 treatment of liver slices strongly up-regulated genes coding for precursors of vitellogenin (Vtg) and eggshell zona pellucida (Zp) proteins. As expected, pathway enrichment and network analysis showed that the Ahr and estrogen receptor pathways are among the top affected by BaP and EE2 treatments, respectively. Interestingly, two genes coding for fibroblast growth factor 3 (Fgf3) and fibroblast growth factor 4 (Fgf4) were up-regulated by EE2 in this study. To our knowledge, the fgf3 and fgf4 genes have not previously been described in relation to estrogen signaling in fish liver, and these results suggest the modulation of the FGF signaling pathway by estrogens in fish. The signature expression profiles of top differentially expressed genes in response to the single compound (BaP or EE2) treatment were generally maintained in the expression responses to the equimolar binary mixtures. However, in the mixture-treated groups, BaP appeared to have anti-estrogenic effects as observed by lower number of differentially expressed putative EE2 responsive genes. Our in-depth quantitative analysis of changes in liver transcriptome in response to BaP and EE2, using PCLS tissue culture provides further mechanistic insights into effects of the compounds. Moreover, the analyses demonstrate the usefulness of PCLS in cod for omics experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Eileen Marie Hanna
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Marta Eide
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Nello Blaser
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Morten Brun
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Martyniuk CJ. Are we closer to the vision? A proposed framework for incorporating omics into environmental assessments. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 59:87-93. [PMID: 29549817 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental science has benefited a great deal from omics-based technologies. High-throughput toxicology has defined adverse outcome pathways (AOPs), prioritized chemicals of concern, and identified novel actions of environmental chemicals. While many of these approaches are conducted under rigorous laboratory conditions, a significant challenge has been the interpretation of omics data in "real-world" exposure scenarios. Clarity in the interpretation of these data limits their use in environmental monitoring programs. In recent years, one overarching objective of many has been to address fundamental questions concerning experimental design and the robustness of data collected under the broad umbrella of environmental genomics. These questions include: (1) the likelihood that molecular profiles return to a predefined baseline level following remediation efforts, (2) how reference site selection in an urban environment influences interpretation of omics data and (3) what is the most appropriate species to monitor in the environment from an omics point of view. In addition, inter-genomics studies have been conducted to assess transcriptome reproducibility in toxicology studies. One lesson learned from inter-genomics studies is that there are core molecular networks that can be identified by multiple laboratories using the same platform. This supports the idea that "omics-networks" defined a priori may be a viable approach moving forward for evaluating environmental impacts over time. Both spatial and temporal variability in ecosystem structure is expected to influence molecular responses to environmental stressors, and it is important to recognize how these variables, as well as individual factor (i.e. sex, age, maturation), may confound interpretation of network responses to chemicals. This mini-review synthesizes the progress made towards adopting these tools into environmental monitoring and identifies future challenges to be addressed, as we move into the next era of high throughput sequencing. A conceptual framework for validating and incorporating molecular networks into environmental monitoring programs is proposed. As AOPs become more defined and their potential in environmental monitoring assessments becomes more recognized, the AOP framework may prove to be the conduit between omics and penultimate ecological responses for environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Martyniuk
- Canadian Rivers Institute and the Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, UF Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
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Zare A, Henry D, Chua G, Gordon P, Habibi HR. Differential Hepatic Gene Expression Profile of Male Fathead Minnows Exposed to Daily Varying Dose of Environmental Contaminants Individually and in Mixture. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:749. [PMID: 30619083 PMCID: PMC6295643 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental contaminants are known to impair reproduction, metabolism and development in wild life and humans. To investigate the mechanisms underlying adverse effects of contaminants, fathead minnows were exposed to a number of endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) including Nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol-A (BPA), Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and a mixture of the three chemicals for 21 days, followed by determination of the liver transcriptome by expression microarrays. Pathway analysis revealed a distinct mode of action for the individual chemicals and their mixture. The results showed expression changes in over 980 genes in response to exposure to these EDC contaminants individually and in mixture. Ingenuity Pathway core and toxicity analysis were used to identify the biological processes, pathways and the top regulators affected by these compounds. A number of canonical pathways were significantly altered, including cell cycle & proliferation, lipid metabolism, inflammatory, innate immune response, stress response, and drug metabolism. We identified 18 genes that were expressed in all individual and mixed treatments. Relevant candidate genes identified from expression microarray data were verified using quantitative PCR. We were also able to identify specific genes affected by NP, BPA, and DEHP individually, but were also affected by exposure to the mixture of the contaminants. Overall the results of this study provide novel information on the adverse health impact of contaminants tested based on pathway analysis of transcriptome data. Furthermore, the results identify a number of new biomarkers that can potentially be used for screening environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Zare
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Darren Henry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gordon Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul Gordon
- Cumming School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hamid R. Habibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Hamid R. Habibi
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