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Alyami MH, Hamdan DI, Khalil HM, Orabi MA, Aborehab NM, Osama N, Abdelhafez MM, Al-Mahallawi AM, Alyami HS. Preparation and in vivo evaluation of nano sized cubosomal dispersion loaded with Ruta graveolens extracts as a novel approach to reduce asthma-mediated lung inflammation. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101968. [PMID: 38352238 PMCID: PMC10862413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease affecting people of all ages. Asthma medications are associated with adverse effects restricting their long-term usage, demanding newer alternative therapies. This study aimed to investigate the anti-asthmatic properties of Ruta graveolens extract and its prepared nano-cubosomal dispersion (Ruta-ND). Firstly, the R. graveolens methanolic extract exhibited higher anti-inflammatory activity on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BEAS-2B cells. To ensure best bioavailability and hence best cellular uptake, R. graveolens extract was loaded in nano-cubosomal dispersion (ND). Then, the anti-asthmatic effects of Ruta extract and ND were simultaneously evaluated in rats' model with ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. R. graveolens extract and Ruta-ND subsided asthma score and improved lung function by restoring FEV1/FVC ratio to the expected values in control rats. Also, it showed strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities manifested by lowering levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-4, IL-7, TGF-β, and Ig-E, and increasing levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and INF-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Our research findings also indicate autophagy induction and apoptosis inhibition by Ruta extract and Ruta-ND. Finally, the HPLC MS/MS phytochemical profiling of R. graveolens extract evident production of various alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, and other phenolics with reported pharmacological properties corresponding to/emphasize our study findings. In conclusion, R. graveolens exhibited promise in managing Ova-induced allergic asthma and could be developed as an alternative anti-allergic asthma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia I. Hamdan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom 32511, Egypt
| | - Heba M.A. Khalil
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A.A. Orabi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut-branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Nora M. Aborehab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 12451, Egypt
| | - Nada Osama
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom, 32511 Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mai M. Abdelhafez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, MSA University, Egypt
| | | | - Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
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Gentile MT, Muto G, Lus G, Lövblad KO, Svenningsen ÅF, Colucci-D’Amato L. Angiogenesis and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: A Glance at New Pharmaceutical Approaches. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164643. [PMID: 36012883 PMCID: PMC9410525 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination and destruction of axons. The most common form of the disease is the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in which episodic attacks with typical neurological symptoms are followed by episodes of partial or complete recovery. One of the underestimated factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is excessive angiogenesis. Here, we review the role of angiogenesis in the onset and in the development of the disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis, the current therapeutic approaches, and the potential therapeutic strategies with a look at natural compounds as multi-target drugs with both neuroprotective and anti-angiogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Gentile
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianluca Muto
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, II Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Karl-Olof Lövblad
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Åsa Fex Svenningsen
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Luca Colucci-D’Amato
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- InterUniversity Center for Research in Neurosciences (CIRN), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-366-9763554
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Zhang L, Shi Y, Yan M, Zhang G. Modulatory action of withaferin-A on oxidative damage through regulation of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in high cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in experimental rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23154. [PMID: 35734936 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Statins are widely used lipid-lowering drugs that cause many side effects. Withaferin-A (WA), popularly known as Ashwagandha, an ancient Indian medicinal herb, is extracted from Withania somnifera. Anti-atherosclerotic effect of WA has been reported. However, the mechanism remains unknown. Hence, we planned this study to investigate the WA mechanism in anti-atherosclerosis in a rat model. High cholesterol diet (HCD) was fed to induce atherosclerosis in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Five groups (N = 6 rats/group) were fed with normal diet, HCD, WA (10 mg/kg bw)+HCD, lovastatin (LS: 10 mg/kg bw)+HCD, WA (10 mg/kg bw) respectively for 90 days. Statistical analysis was done by GraphPad Prism (version 8.0.1) using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Duncan's test with a significance level (p < 0.05). The groups were compared for lipid profiles, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory mediators, apoptotic markers, and histopathological changes in the liver and aorta. Treatment with HCD increased lipid profiles, inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and lipid peroxidation. WA as well as LS treatments significantly decreased these parameters restored the antioxidant status, and reduced lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05). Histopathological studies revealed that WA and LS reduced the hepatic fat and aortic plaque. WA reduced apoptosis via augmentation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway; increased B-cell lymphoma 2 and inhibited Bcl-2 associated X-protein proapoptotic proteins; TNF receptor superfamily member 6, Bim, caspase-3, and -9; demonstrated significant hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory properties against HCD induced atherosclerosis in rats through regulation of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingzhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Shahrajabian MH. A Candidate for Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Treatment, Common Rue (Ruta graveolens L.), an Important Medicinal plant in Traditional Medicine. Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol 2022; 19:CRCEP-EPUB-123334. [PMID: 35538827 DOI: 10.2174/2772432817666220510143902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruta graveolens L. belongs to Rutaceae; it is a semi-wood perennial or a small evergreen sub-shrub, which is native to Southern Europe, West of Asia and Northern Africa. OBJECTIVE The goal of this manuscript was to outline the most notable traditional and modern advantages and pharmaceutical benefits of common rue. METHODS The manuscript covers review articles, randomized control experiments, analytical studies and observations, which have been gathered from different sources such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct and PubMed. A review of the literature was carried out using the keywords rutin, Ruta graveolens L., rue, common rune, coumarin, natural products and pharmaceutical benefits. RESULTS Rue contains quinoline alkaloids, such as graveoline and graveolinine, acridone alkaloids, such as furacridone and gravacridone, the furanoquinoline dictamnine, coumaris, such as gravelliferone, isorutarin, rutacultin, rutaretin, and suberenone, and the furanocoumarins 5-methoxypsoralen (bergapten) and 8-methoxypsoralen (xanthotoxine). Most of its aromatic and medicinal properties are from its rutin, and essential oil. It has been used in folk medicines as a stimulant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, anti-androgenic activity, anti-hyperglycemic effects, anti-hyperlipidemic effects, xanthine oxidase inhibition activity, anticancer properties. CONCLUSION According to pharmacological and phytochemical advantages, pennyroyal shows its importance as a medicinal plant in both modern medicinal science and traditional medicine.
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Asgharian S, Hojjati MR, Ahrari M, Bijad E, Deris F, Lorigooini Z. Ruta graveolens and rutin, as its major compound: investigating their effect on spatial memory and passive avoidance memory in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:447-453. [PMID: 32432948 PMCID: PMC7301720 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1762669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Context: There are numerous pharmacological activities for Ruta graveolens and its bioactive constituent, rutin, on learning and memory.Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of R. graveolens and rutin on memory in rats.Materials and methods: In this study animals were treated with the hydroalcholic extract of R. graveolens and rutin by IP injection for 10 days. Behavioural and biochemical tests as well as HPLC analysis and antioxidant activity of extract have been evaluated.Results: R. graveolens extract and rutin significantly increased learning and improved spatial memory, as well as secondary latency; moreover, there were significant increases in the serum and brain antioxidant capacity as well as the level of TBARS in serum and brain tissues. Results also showed that R. graveolens has significant DPPH radical scavenging effect (IC50: 159.17 ± 1.56 μg/mL). The HPLC analysis of extract showed that caffeic acid (19.92 ± 0.01), rutin (40.15 ± 0.01), and apigenin (0.84 ± 0.01) mg/g of dry extract are the main components of the extract.Discussion and conclusion: Regarding the effects of R. graveolens extract and rutin on animal brain cells, memory function, and learning, additional studies, including clinical trials, might be beneficial in producing natural supplementary drugs from this herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Asgharian
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hojjati
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ahrari
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Bijad
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Deris
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- CONTACT Zahra Lorigooini ,PhD of Pharmacognosy, Associate professor of Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Coimbra AT, Ferreira S, Duarte AP. Genus Ruta: A natural source of high value products with biological and pharmacological properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:113076. [PMID: 32534112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruta genus is constituted by ten species, of which the most commonly described are R. chalepensis and R. graveolens. Ruta plants are perennial shrubs belonging to the family Rutaceae, which are traditionally used in folk medicine, since ancient times mostly for the treatment of various ailments of the womb. AIM OF THE STUDY To provide a review of the different uses of Ruta species in traditional medicine, as well as, on their multifactorial biological and pharmacological properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of the literature on genus Ruta and Ruta species was performed using various scientific databases and search engines and the information of articles were reviewed and compiled. RESULTS Different parts of the plants belonging to Ruta genus are used in folk medicine to treat a wide range of different diseases. The principal use of these is in gynaecological field, but the treatment of pain, fever, nausea, inflammation, infections, nervous disorders, among others, are also described. These plants have been used to fertility regulation, as anti-fertility agent, to control menstrual flux and bleedings, as abortifacient and as contraceptive. The phytochemical composition of these plants consists mainly in essential oil (EO), but phenolic compounds were also reported, like coumarins and flavonoids, as well as alkaloids. Ruta species products like extracts and EOs have shown broad pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial and antifungal activities, as well as, antiviral and antiparasitic. Moreover, Ruta plants products present antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activities and demonstrated contraceptive and abortifacient effects. These plants were also tested to be used for non-therapeutic approaches, as bio-insecticides in the control of different insect pests showing to be able to reduce infestation. CONCLUSIONS Ruta species could be a potential source of natural products with biological activities. Ruta extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds have shown a diverse potential for use in the treatment of different diseases, as well as, for pests control, contributing to the valorisation of these plants. Nonetheless, this review indicates that more studies are needed to demonstrate the full potential of Ruta species, and to further explore the toxicology and safety of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Coimbra
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Susana Ferreira
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- CICS-UBI Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Ghramh HA, Ibrahim EH, Kilnay M, Ahmad Z, Alhag SK, Khan KA, Taha R, Asiri FM. Silver Nanoparticle Production by Ruta graveolens and Testing Its Safety, Bioactivity, Immune Modulation, Anticancer, and Insecticidal Potentials. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2020; 2020:5626382. [PMID: 32774352 PMCID: PMC7396051 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5626382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruta graveolens, a plant belonging to the family Rutaceae, is traditionally used as a medicinal plant and a flavoring agent in food. This work aimed to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the ethanol extract from R. graveolens leaves and test different biological activities as well as insecticidal potentials in the extract and extract prepared AgNPs. Dried and powdered R. graveolens leaves were subjected to extraction using ethanol, and this extract was used to synthesize AgNPs. AgNP synthesis was monitored by the change in color, UV spectrophotometry, and electron microscopy (scanning). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to monitor the functional groups in the extracts. Immunological, physiological, anticancer, antibacterial, and insecticidal potentials of the extract and its prepared AgNPs were tested. Results showed the ability of the leaf extract to synthesize. SEM examination revealed a spherical shape of AgNPs with a size of 40-45 nm. The extract contained many functional groups as indicated by FT-IR. The extract alone inhibited the growth of normal rat splenic cells, while the extract containing AgNPs stimulated its growth. Extract alone stimulated HeLa cell proliferation and inhibited HepG2 growth, while both cell line growth was inhibited by the extract containing AgNPs. Both the extract and extract with AgNPs were safe on RBCs and did not cause any severe elevation in liver enzymes. The extract alone and with AgNPs showed insecticidal activity against Culex pipiens. Our findings suggest that the R. graveolens leaf extract, alone or with AgNPs, is biologically safe on animal cells and has antibacterial, insecticidal, and immunomodulation potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed A. Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H. Ibrahim
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Kilnay
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, Dhahran Al Janoub, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeq K. Alhag
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramadan Taha
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Fawziah M. Asiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha, 511, Saudi Arabia
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Gentile MT, Russo R, Pastorino O, Cioffi S, Barbieri F, Illingworth EA, Grieco M, Chambery A, Colucci-D'Amato L. Ruta graveolens water extract inhibits cell-cell network formation in human umbilical endothelial cells via MEK-ERK1/2 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:50-58. [PMID: 29366810 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a process encompassing several steps such as endothelial cells proliferation, differentiation and migration to form a vascular network, involving different signal transduction pathways. Among these, ERK1/2 signaling mediates VEGF-dependent signaling pathway. Here we report that the water extract of Ruta graveolens (RGWE), widely known as a medicinal plant, is able to impair in a dose-dependent manner, cell network formation without affecting cell viability. Biochemical analysis showed that the major component of RGWE is rutin, unable to reproduce RGWE effect. We found that RGWE inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation and that this event is crucial in cell network formation since the transfection of HUVEC with a constitutively active MEK (caMEK), the ERK1/2 activator, induces a robust cell network formation as compared to untransfected and/or mock transfected cells and, more importantly, caMEK transfected cells became unresponsive to RGWE. Moreover, RGWE inhibits VEGF and nestin gene expression, necessary for vessel formation, and the caMEK transfection induces their higher expression. In conclusion, we report that RGWE is able to significantly impair vessels network formation without affecting cell viability, preventing ERK1/2 activation and, in turn, down-regulating VEGF and nestin expression. These findings point to RGWE as a potential therapeutic tool capable to interfere with pathologic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Gentile
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Olga Pastorino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Sara Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT", CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Elisabeth Anne Illingworth
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "ABT", CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Grieco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Luca Colucci-D'Amato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Zhao L, Tian S, Wen E, Upur H. An ethnopharmacological study of aromatic Uyghur medicinal plants in Xinjiang, China. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1114-1130. [PMID: 28209076 PMCID: PMC6130679 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1270971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT An ethnobotanical survey was completed in a remote village and surrounding country of Xinjiang, where most Uyghur medicinal plants could be collected. This work clarifies and increases ethnobotanical data. OBJECTIVES We surveyed and organized aromatic medicinal plants that are commonly used in clinical settings to provide a significant reference for studying new medical activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the survey, informants who have traditional knowledge on aromatic Uyghur medicinal plants were interviewed between March 2014 and September 2014. Aromatic medicinal plant species and pertinent information were collected. Some therapeutic methods and modes of preparation of traditional aromatic medicinal plants were found. RESULTS A total of 86 aromatic medicinal plant species belonging to 36 families were included in our study. We identified 34 plant species introduced from different regions such as Europe, India and Mediterranean areas. Fruits and whole plants were the most commonly used parts of plant, and most aromatic medicinal plants could be applied as medicine and food. We assigned the medicinal plants a use value (UV). Knowing the UV of species is useful in determining the use reliability and pharmacological features of related plants. CONCLUSIONS Xinjiang is an area in which indigenous aromatic medicinal plants are diversely used and has therefore established a sound dimensional medical healthcare treatment system. Some aromatic Uyghur medicinal plants are on the verge of extinction. Hence, further strategies for the conservation of these aromatic medicinal plants should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuge Tian
- Central Laboratory of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - E. Wen
- College of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Halmuart Upur
- Central Laboratory of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- CONTACT Halmuart UpurCentral Laboratory of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
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Reddy DN, Al-Rajab AJ. Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Ruta graveolens L. volatile oils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312009.2016.1220055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Desam Nagarjuna Reddy
- Center for Environmental Research & Studies, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab
- Center for Environmental Research & Studies, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Águila L, Ruedlinger J, Mansilla K, Ordenes J, Salvatici R, de Campos RR, Romero F. Relaxant effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of Ruta graveolens on isolated rat tracheal rings. Biol Res 2015; 48:28. [PMID: 26044818 PMCID: PMC4462083 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-015-0017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruta graveolens L. (R. graveolens) is a medicinal plant employed in non-traditional medicines that has various therapeutic properties, including anthelmintic, and vasodilatory actions, among others. We evaluated the trachea-relaxant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of R. graveolens against potassium chloride (KCl)- and carbachol-induced contraction of rat tracheal rings in an isolated organ bath. RESULTS The results showed that the airway smooth muscle contraction induced by the depolarizing agent (KCl) and cholinergic agonist (carbachol) was markedly reduced by R. graveolens in a concentration-dependent manner, with maximum values of 109 ± 7.9 % and 118 ± 2.6 %, respectively (changes in tension expressed as positive percentages of change in proportion to maximum contraction), at the concentration of 45 μg/mL (half-maximal inhibitory concentration IC50: 35.5 μg/mL and 27.8 μg/mL for KCl- and carbachol-induced contraction, respectively). Additionally, the presence of R. graveolens produced rightward parallel displacement of carbachol dose-response curves and reduced over 35 % of the maximum smooth muscle contraction. CONCLUSIONS The hydroalcoholic extract of R. graveolens exhibited relaxant activity on rat tracheal rings. The results suggest that the trachea-relaxant effect is mediated by a non-competitive antagonistic mechanism. More detailed studies are needed to identify the target of the inhibition, and to determine more precisely the pharmacological mechanisms involved in the observed biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Águila
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. .,School of Veterinary Medicine, Unit of Nutrition, and Animal Production, Faculty of Natural Resources, and Veterinary Medicine, Santo Tomás University, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jenny Ruedlinger
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Karina Mansilla
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - José Ordenes
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Raúl Salvatici
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Rui Ribeiro de Campos
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Romero
- Center of Neurosciences and Peptides Biology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. .,Center of Genetic and Immunologic Studies (CEGIN), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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Dietary Njavara rice bran oil reduces experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemia by regulating genes involved in lipid metabolism. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:1207-19. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-atherogenic effect of Njavara rice bran oil (NjRBO) on atherosclerosis by modulating enzymes and genes involved in lipid metabolism in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD). Adult male rats (Sprague–Dawley strain, weighing 100–120 g) were divided into three groups of nine animals each. Group I served as the control, group II were fed a HCD and group III were fed a HCD and NjRBO (100 mg/kg body weight). The study duration was 60 d. Serum and tissue lipid profile, atherogenic index, enzymes of lipid metabolism, plasma C-reactive protein levels, serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, gene and protein expression of paraoxonase 1 (PON1), PPARα, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), apoB and apoA1 in the liver were quantified. Total cholesterol, TAG, phospholipid, NEFA, LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the serum and liver, lipogenic enzyme activities, hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity and atherogenic index were significantly increased in HCD-fed rats, but they decreased after treatment with NjRBO. HDL-cholesterol level and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity were increased in the NjRBO-treated group, but decreased in the HCD-fed group. The expression levels of ABCA1, apoA1, PON1 and PPARα were found to be significantly increased in NjRBO-treated group compared with the HCD-fed group; however, the expression level of apoB was found to be higher in HCD-fed group and lower in the NjRBO-treated group. These data suggest that NjRBO possesses an anti-atherogenic property by modulating lipid metabolism and up-regulating genes involved in reverse cholesterol transport and antioxidative defence mechanism through the induction of the gene expressionPON1.
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Ruta graveolens L. induces death of glioblastoma cells and neural progenitors, but not of neurons, via ERK 1/2 and AKT activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118864. [PMID: 25785932 PMCID: PMC4364962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly aggressive brain tumor whose prognosis is very poor. Due to early invasion of brain parenchyma, its complete surgical removal is nearly impossible, and even after aggressive combined treatment (association of surgery and chemo- and radio-therapy) five-year survival is only about 10%. Natural products are sources of novel compounds endowed with therapeutic properties in many human diseases, including cancer. Here, we report that the water extract of Ruta graveolens L., commonly known as rue, induces death in different glioblastoma cell lines (U87MG, C6 and U138) widely used to test novel drugs in preclinical studies. Ruta graveolens’ effect was mediated by ERK1/2 and AKT activation, and the inhibition of these pathways, via PD98058 and wortmannin, reverted its antiproliferative activity. Rue extract also affects survival of neural precursor cells (A1) obtained from embryonic mouse CNS. As in the case of glioma cells, rue stimulates the activation of ERK1/2 and AKT in A1 cells, whereas their blockade by pharmacological inhibitors prevents cell death. Interestingly, upon induction of differentiation and cell cycle exit, A1 cells become resistant to rue’s noxious effects but not to those of temozolomide and cisplatin, two alkylating agents widely used in glioblastoma therapy. Finally, rutin, a major component of the Ruta graveolens water extract, failed to cause cell death, suggesting that rutin by itself is not responsible for the observed effects. In conclusion, we report that rue extracts induce glioma cell death, discriminating between proliferating/undifferentiated and non-proliferating/differentiated neurons. Thus, it can be a promising tool to isolate novel drugs and also to discover targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Mahmoudabady M, Kazemi N, Niazmand S, Rezaee SA, Soukhtanloo M, Hosseini M. The effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on inflammatory and angiogenic factors in hypercholesterolemia. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:837-41. [PMID: 26398373 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can be activated during hyperlipidemia. Angiotensin II increases the migration of monocytes, cytokine levels, and gene expressions of VEGF and VCAM-1. With this in mind, the present work attempted to investigate the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on VEGF, VCAM-1, and nitric oxide (NO) serum levels in hypercholesterolemic rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups including normal diet+saline injection (control), hypercholesterol diet+saline injection, normal diet+captopril injection, and hypercholesterol diet+captopril injection. Before and after the beginning of the diet and after the treatment, the serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, and NO were measured. Finally, gene expressions of VCAM-1 and VEGF in the vascular cells from aorta were determined. RESULTS Hypercholesterolemic diet increased the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.01) and decreased HDL (p<0.001). Captopril caused a reduction in the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL (p<0.001), and triglycerides (p<0.05) as well as an increase in HDL levels (p<0.01). Although the serum levels of NO decreased after hypercholesterolemic diet (p<0.001), no significant change was observed after the treatment. Increased gene expressions of VEGF (p<0.05) and VCAM-1 (p<0.01) in hypercholesterolemia were regressed in captopril treated rats (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Captopril, an ACE inhibitor, improves hyperlipidemia and prevents from overexpression of genes for VEGF and VCAM-1, that are implicated in the inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahmoudabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Narges Kazemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Saeed Niazmand
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kacem M, Simon G, Leschiera R, Misery L, ElFeki A, Lebonvallet N. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Ruta chalepensis L. extracts on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:128-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jahangir U, Khan AA, Kapoor P, Jalees F, Urooj S. Evaluation of a classical unani pharmacopeial formulation safoof-e-muhazzil in hyperlipidemia: A randomized, standard controlled clinical study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2014; 6:167-79. [PMID: 25035636 PMCID: PMC4097930 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.130975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the Study: The aim of the following study is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a compound Unani formulation in hyperlipidemia on clinical and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients with total cholesterol level of 220 mg/dl and above were included. In Group ‘A’ thirty patients with total cholesterol 243.5 ± 5.294 mg/dl received Unani formulation safoof-e-muhazzil (SM) in its classical powder form 5 g twice daily orally, in Group ‘B’ thirty patients with total cholesterol 234 ± 3.822 mg/dl received the SM but in compressed tablet form in the same dosage and in Group ‘C’ 30 patients with total cholesterol 242.7 ± 5.563 mg/dl received atorvastatin 10 mg as a standard control. Follow-up was carried out on second, fourth and 6th week and patients were evaluated on clinical as well as biochemical parameters. Results: Group A before treatment had mean total cholesterol of 243.5 ± 5.294 mg/dl which decreased significantly after treatment to 225.6 ± 5.953 mg/dl (P < 0.001) with a percentage change of 7.35%. Group B had mean total cholesterol of 234 ± 3.822 mg/dl which was significantly reduced to 212.67 ± 3.94 mg/dl (P < 0.001) post-treatment with a percentage change of 9.11%. Control Group C having mean total cholesterol of 242.7 ± 5.563 mg/dl before treatment was significantly decreased to 178.73 ± 4.669 mg/dl (P < 0.001) post-treatment with a percentage change of 26.3%. Group A had significant relief 20.72% (P < 0.001) in fatigue, 16.09% (P > 0.5) relief in palpitation and 26.17% (P < 0.001) relief in dyspnea post-treatment. Group B fatigue decreased significantly by 18.14% (P < 0.01), palpitation by 22.91% (P < 0.01) and dyspnea by 20.46% (P < 0.01). In Group C a non-significant increase of 2.2% was observed in fatigue post-treatment, palpitation decreased by 10.22% non-significantly and dyspnea decreased significantly by 17.64% (P < 0.001). Results indicate that the test drug safely and effectively ameliorates the clinical condition of patients with hyperlipidemia while decreasing cholesterol level as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Jahangir
- Department of Moalejat (Medicine), Faculty of Medicine (U), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Asim Ali Khan
- Department of Moalejat (Medicine), Faculty of Medicine (U), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Prem Kapoor
- Department of Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Farhan Jalees
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaista Urooj
- Department of AYUSH, LRIUM, CCRUM, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Mazzari ALDA, Prieto JM. Herbal medicines in Brazil: pharmacokinetic profile and potential herb-drug interactions. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:162. [PMID: 25071580 PMCID: PMC4087670 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of active compounds found in herbal medicines can serve as substrate for enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. When a medicinal plant is co-administered with a conventional drug and little or no information is known about the pharmacokinetics of the plant metabolites, there is an increased risk of potential herb-drug interactions. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms in a population may act to predispose individuals to adverse reactions. The use of herbal medicines is rapidly increasing in many countries, particularly Brazil where the vast biodiversity is a potential source of new and more affordable treatments for numerous conditions. Accordingly, the Brazilian Unified Public Health System (SUS) produced a list of 71 plant species of interest, which could be made available to the population in the near future. Physicians at SUS prescribe a number of essential drugs and should herbal medicines be added to this system the chance of herb-drug interactions further increases. A review of the effects of these medicinal plants on Phase 1 and Phase 2 metabolic mechanisms and the transporter P-glycoprotein was conducted. The results have shown that approximately half of these medicinal plants lack any pharmacokinetic data. Moreover, most of the studies carried out are in vitro. Only a few reports on herb-drug interactions with essential drugs prescribed by SUS were found, suggesting that very little attention is being given to the safety of herbal medicines. Here we have taken this information to discuss the potential interactions between herbal medicines and essential drugs prescribed to Brazilian patients whilst taking into account the most common polymorphisms present in the Brazilian population. A number of theoretical interactions are pinpointed but more pharmacokinetic studies and pharmacovigilance data are needed to ascertain their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre L D A Mazzari
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
| | - Jose M Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
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Bussmann RW. The globalization of traditional medicine in northern peru: from shamanism to molecules. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:291903. [PMID: 24454490 PMCID: PMC3888705 DOI: 10.1155/2013/291903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Northern Peru represents the center of the Andean "health axis," with roots going back to traditional practices of Cupisnique culture (1000 BC). For more than a decade of research, semistructured interviews were conducted with healers, collectors, and sellers of medicinal plants. In addition, bioassays were carried out to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of plants found. Most of the 510 species encountered were native to Peru (83%). Fifty percent of the plants used in colonial times have disappeared from the pharmacopoeia. Market vendors specialized either on common and exotic plants, plants for common ailments, and plants only used by healers or on plants with magical purposes. Over 974 preparations with up to 29 different ingredients were used to treat 164 health conditions. Almost 65% of the medicinal plants were applied in these mixtures. Antibacterial activity was confirmed in most plants used for infections. Twenty-four percent of the aqueous extracts and 76% of the ethanolic extracts showed toxicity. Traditional preparation methods take this into account when choosing the appropriate solvent for the preparation of a remedy. The increasing demand for medicinal species did not increase the cultivation of medicinal plants. Most species are wild collected, causing doubts about the sustainability of trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer W. Bussmann
- William L. Brown Center, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299, USA
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Ratheesh M, Helen A. Oral administration of alkaloid fraction from Ruta graveolens inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:1552-1558. [PMID: 24033089 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.802353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The anti-atherogenic effect of alkaloid fraction from Ruta graveolens Linn (Rutaceae) extract is suspected to be related to its activities of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the efficacy of alkaloid fraction isolated from Ruta graveolens (AFR) in reducing oxidative damage and inflammation in hypercholesteremic rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS The New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: Group I rabbits were fed with normal chow diet for 90 d. Group II rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol-enriched diet. Group III rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol-enriched diet together with AFR (10 mg/kg/daily for 90 d). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that on treatment with AFR significantly lowered the level of total cholesterol and LDL-C and showed an increment in the level of HDL-C. LD50 of the AFR in rats is greater than 525 mg/kg. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and GSH level were decreased in cholesterol-fed rabbit and supplementation of AFR significantly enhanced the activities of these antioxidant enzymes and GSH level. Increased activities of enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2, 15-lipoxygenase and myeloperoxidase were significantly suppressed by AFR administration. The acute phase proteins, total WBC count and TBARS concentrations were significantly increased by hypercholesteromic diet, which were significantly decreased by AFR treatment. Histopathological studies of aorta in cholesterol-fed rabbit showed plaque formation and significant changes in aortic wall. Administration of AFR showed no changes in aortic wall. CONCLUSION AFR reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and reduces the aortic pathology in hypercholesteromic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ratheesh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
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da Motta NAV, Kümmerle AE, Marostica E, dos Santos CF, Fraga CAM, Barreiro EJ, de Miranda ALP, de Brito FCF. Anti-atherogenic Effects of a New Thienylacylhydrazone Derivative, LASSBio-788, in Rats Fed a Hypercholesterolemic Diet. J Pharmacol Sci 2013; 123:47-57. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.13016fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Chen J, Lei Y, Wu G, Zhang Y, Fu W, Xiong C, Ruan J. Renoprotective potential of Macrothelypteris torresiana via ameliorating oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:207-213. [PMID: 22101083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Macrothelypteris torresiana is traditionally used in Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of edema for patients suffering from kidney/bladder problems due to its satisfactory therapeutic effectiveness. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective nature of the total polyphenols fraction from Macrothelypteris torresiana (PMT). MATERIALS AND METHODS The biochemical criterions of plasma and kidney tissues were evaluated to study the effects of PMT on puromycin aminonucleoside-induced chronic nephrotic syndrome (NS) in hyperlipidemic mice. RESULTS In this study, the NS and hyperlipidemia were ameliorated after 9 weeks administration of PMT. Besides, PMT was able to modulate the level of renal oxidative stress and vascular endothelial growth factor-nitric oxide (VEGF-NO) pathway. CONCLUSIONS It represented a potential resource of PMT for the treatment of NS involved in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Changes of lipid profiles, glucose, and hemogram after administration of Ruta graveolens extract in diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-011-1331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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