1
|
Urueña-Méndez G, Arrondeau C, Bellés L, Ginovart N. Decoupling Dopamine Synthesis from Impulsive Action, Risk-Related Decision-Making, and Propensity to Cocaine Intake: A Longitudinal [ 18F]-FDOPA PET Study in Roman High- and Low-Avoidance Rats. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0492-23.2023. [PMID: 38253584 PMCID: PMC10867553 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0492-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Impulsive action and risk-related decision-making (RDM) are two facets of impulsivity linked to a hyperdopaminergic release in the striatum and an increased propensity to cocaine intake. We previously showed that with repeated cocaine exposure, this initial hyperdopaminergic release is blunted in impulsive animals, potentially signaling drug-induced tolerance. Whether such dopaminergic dynamics involve changes in dopamine (DA) synthesis as a function of impulsivity is currently unknown. Here, we investigated the predictive value of DA synthesis for impulsive action, RDM, and the propensity to take cocaine in a rat model of vulnerability to cocaine abuse. Additionally, we assessed the effects of cocaine intake on these variables. Rats were tested sequentially in the rat Gambling Task (rGT) and were scanned with positron emission tomography and [18F]-FDOPA to respectively assess both impulsivity facets and striatal DA synthesis before and after cocaine self-administration (SA). Our results revealed that baseline striatal levels of DA synthesis did not significantly predict impulsive action, RDM, or a greater propensity to cocaine SA in impulsive animals. Besides, we showed that impulsive action, but not RDM, predicted higher rates of cocaine taking. However, chronic cocaine exposure had no impact on DA synthesis, nor affected impulsive action and RDM. These findings indicate that the hyper-responsive DA system associated with impulsivity and a propensity for cocaine consumption, along with the reduction in this hyper-responsive DA state in impulsive animals with a history of cocaine use, might not be mediated by dynamic changes in DA synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ginna Urueña-Méndez
- Departments of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
- Basic Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Arrondeau
- Departments of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
- Basic Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
| | - Lidia Bellés
- Departments of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
- Basic Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Ginovart
- Departments of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
- Basic Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva CH1206, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Urueña-Méndez G, Dimiziani A, Bellés L, Goutaudier R, Ginovart N. Repeated Cocaine Intake Differentially Impacts Striatal D 2/3 Receptor Availability, Psychostimulant-Induced Dopamine Release, and Trait Behavioral Markers of Drug Abuse. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13238. [PMID: 37686044 PMCID: PMC10487888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research indicates that altered dopamine (DA) transmission in the striatum contributes to impulsivity and novelty-seeking, and it may mediate a link concerning a higher susceptibility to drug abuse. Whether increased susceptibility to drug abuse results from a hyperdopaminergic or hypodopaminergic state is still debated. Here, we simultaneously tracked changes in DA D2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability and amphetamine-(AMPH)-induced DA release in relation to impulsivity and novelty-seeking prior to, and following, cocaine self-administration (SA) in Roman high- (RHA) and low- (RLA) avoidance rats. We found that high-impulsive/high novelty-seeking RHA rats exhibited lower D2/3R availabilities and higher AMPH-induced DA release in the striatum that predicted higher levels of cocaine intake compared with RLAs. Cocaine SA did not alter striatal D2/3R availability or impulsivity in RHA or RLA rats. Critically, cocaine exposure led to a baseline-dependent blunting of stimulated DA release in high-impulsive/high novelty-seeking RHA rats only, and to a baseline-dependent increase in novelty-seeking in low-impulsive/low novelty-seeking RLA rats only. Altogether, we propose that susceptibility to drug abuse results from an innate hyper-responsive DA system, promoting impulsive action and novelty-seeking, and producing stronger initial drug-reinforcing effects that contribute to the initiation and perpetuation of drug use. However, with repeated cocaine use, a tolerance to drug-induced striatal DA elevations develops, leading to a compensatory increase in drug consumption to overcome the reduced reward effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ginna Urueña-Méndez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.U.-M.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Dimiziani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.U.-M.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Lidia Bellés
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.U.-M.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Goutaudier
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.U.-M.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Ginovart
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.U.-M.); (L.B.); (R.G.)
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
A case-control study investigating food addiction in Parkinson patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10934. [PMID: 34035366 PMCID: PMC8149641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are mainly described through impulse control disorders but represent one end of the spectrum of food addiction (FA). Although not formally recognized by DSM-5, FA is well described in the literature on animal models and humans, but data on prevalence and risk factors compared with healthy controls (HCs) are lacking. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 200 patients with PD and 200 age- and gender-matched HCs. Characteristics including clinical data (features of PD/current medication) were collected. FA was rated using DSM-5 criteria and the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised (QEWP-R). Patients with PD had more EDs compared to HCs (27.0% vs. 13.0%, respectively, p < 0.001). They mainly had FA (24.5% vs. 12.0%, p = 0.001) and night eating syndrome (7.0% vs. 2.5% p = 0.03). In PD patients, FA was associated with female gender (p = 0.04) and impulsivity (higher attentional non-planning factor) but not with the dose or class of dopaminergic therapy. Vigilance is necessary, especially for PD women and in patients with specific impulsive personality traits. Counterintuitively, agonist dopaminergic treatment should not be used as an indication for screening FA in patients with PD.
Collapse
|
4
|
Smigielski L, Wotruba D, Treyer V, Rössler J, Papiol S, Falkai P, Grünblatt E, Walitza S, Rössler W. The Interplay Between Postsynaptic Striatal D2/3 Receptor Availability, Adversity Exposure and Odd Beliefs: A [11C]-Raclopride PET Study. Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1495-1508. [PMID: 33876249 PMCID: PMC8379534 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between unaffected mental health and diagnosable psychiatric disorders, there is a vast continuum of functioning. The hypothesized link between striatal dopamine signaling and psychosis has guided a prolific body of research. However, it has been understudied in the context of multiple interacting factors, subclinical phenotypes, and pre-postsynaptic dynamics. METHOD This work investigated psychotic-like experiences and D2/3 dopamine postsynaptic receptor availability in the dorsal striatum, quantified by in vivo [11C]-raclopride positron emission tomography, in a sample of 24 healthy male individuals. Additional mediation and moderation effects with childhood trauma and key dopamine-regulating genes were examined. RESULTS An inverse relationship between nondisplaceable binding potential and subclinical symptoms was identified. D2/3 receptor availability in the left putamen fully mediated the association between traumatic childhood experiences and odd beliefs, that is, inclinations to see meaning in randomness and unfounded interpretations. Moreover, the effect of early adversity was moderated by a DRD2 functional variant (rs1076560). The results link environmental and neurobiological influences in the striatum to the origination of psychosis spectrum symptomology, consistent with the social defeat and diathesis-stress models. CONCLUSIONS Adversity exposure may affect the dopamine system as in association with biases in probabilistic reasoning, attributional style, and salience processing. The inverse relationship between D2/3 availability and symptomology may be explained by endogenous dopamine occupying the receptor, postsynaptic compensatory mechanisms, and/or altered receptor sensitivity. This may also reflect a cognitively stabilizing mechanism in non-help-seeking individuals. Future research should comprehensively characterize molecular parameters of dopamine neurotransmission along the psychosis spectrum and according to subtype profiling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Smigielski
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Militärstrasse 8, 8004 Zurich, Switzerland; tel: +044-296-73-94, fax: +044-296-74-69, e-mail:
| | - Diana Wotruba
- Collegium Helveticum, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Treyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Julian Rössler
- Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergi Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Rössler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany,Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shao X, Sun D, Zhang B, Cheng L, Yan C, Zhu G. Association between GPx-1 polymorphisms and personality traits in healthy Chinese-Han subjects. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01897. [PMID: 33070477 PMCID: PMC7749609 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cloninger developed the three-dimensional personality theory and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), which shows that some dimensions of personality traits are heritable and related to neurotransmitters including dopamine. glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) plays an important role in metabolic dopamine change and closely relates to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The impact of GPx-1 polymorphisms has been rarely explored in the field of personality traits. We decide to explore the relationships between them in healthy Chinese-Han subjects by using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). METHODS In our study, 493 healthy Chinese-Han participants (male = 234, female = 259) were recruited. 2 ml of EDTA-treated blood from each volunteer was taken; meanwhile, personality traits were assessed by TPQ. We detected the genotypes of selected two polymorphisms through PCR-RFLP after extracting DNA. Finally, the association between different genotypes and TPQ scores was performed using SPSS, p < .05 is seen as significant statistical significance. RESULTS Our data found a correlation between rs1800668 and novelty seeking (NS) subscale NS2 (X2 = 7.392, p = .025). While the results showed the rs1050450 was significantly associated with NS4 (X2 = 6.059, p = .048). Regarding sex stratification, there was a significant difference in the NS2 score (X2 = 8.232, p = .016) among women for rs1800668. No sex effect was observed for either genotype for rs1050450. CONCLUSION GPx-1polymorphism is related to personality traits in healthy Chinese-Han subjects. Our results suggested that GPx-1 may be involved in the biological mechanisms and be a potential gene that influenced personality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongxue Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bihui Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingfei Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ci Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Turtonen O, Saarinen A, Nummenmaa L, Tuominen L, Tikka M, Armio RL, Hautamäki A, Laurikainen H, Raitakari O, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Hietala J. Adult Attachment System Links With Brain Mu Opioid Receptor Availability In Vivo. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 6:360-369. [PMID: 33431346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secure attachment is important in maintaining an individual's health and well-being. Attachment disturbances increase the risk for developing psychiatric disorders such as affective disorders. Yet, the neurobiological correlates of human attachment are poorly understood at the neurotransmitter level. We investigated whether adult attachment style is linked to functioning of the opioid and serotonergic systems in the human brain. METHODS We used positron emission tomography with radioligands [11C]carfentanil and [11C]MADAM to quantify mu opioid receptor (n = 39) and serotonin transporter (n = 37) availability in volunteers with no current psychiatric disorders. Attachment style was determined according to the Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation with the structured Adult Attachment Interview. RESULTS Secure attachment was associated with higher mu opioid receptor availability in the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and prefrontal cortex when compared with insecure (i.e., avoidant or ambivalent groups combined) attachment. In contrast, attachment style was not associated with serotonin transporter availability. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide preliminary in vivo evidence that the opioid system may be involved in the neurocircuits associated with individual differences in adult attachment behavior. The results suggest that variation in mu opioid receptor availability may be linked with the individuals' social relationships and psychosocial well-being and thus contributes to risk for psychiatric morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otto Turtonen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Research Unit of Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Tuominen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Tikka
- Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Reetta-Liina Armio
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Airi Hautamäki
- Swedish School of Social Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Laurikainen
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jarmo Hietala
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shao X, Zhu G. Associations Among Monoamine Neurotransmitter Pathways, Personality Traits, and Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:381. [PMID: 32477180 PMCID: PMC7237722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric disease requiring multidisciplinary approaches to identify specific risk factors and establish more efficacious treatment strategies. Although the etiology and pathophysiology of MDD are not clear until these days, it is acknowledged that they are almost certainly multifactorial and comprehensive. Monoamine neurotransmitter system dysfunction and specific personality traits are independent risk factors for depression and suicide. These factors also demonstrate complex interactions that influence MDD pathogenesis and symptom expression. In this review, we assess these relationships with the aim of providing a reference for the development of precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
High sensation seeking is associated with behavioral and neural insensitivity to increased negative outcomes during decision-making under uncertainty. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 19:1352-1363. [DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
9
|
Kim JH, Choe YS, Cumming P, Son YD, Kim HK, Joo YH, Kim JH. Relationship of self-transcendence traits with in vivo dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and functional connectivity: An [ 18 F]fallypride PET and fMRI study. Synapse 2019; 73:e22121. [PMID: 31206840 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic research has implicated dopamine neurotransmission in the expression of the self-transcendence trait in humans. However, molecular imaging of dopaminergic markers is undocumented in relation to this personality trait. In this multimodal imaging study, we first investigated the relationship between the self-transcendence trait and in vivo dopamine D2/3 receptor availability using [18 F]fallypride positron emission tomography (PET). We next conducted seed-based functional connectivity analyses using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data with regions derived from the PET analysis as seeds to explore the functional significance of D2/3 receptor availability foci associated with the self-transcendence trait. Twenty-one healthy subjects underwent high-resolution PET with [18 F]fallypride and a subset of 18 subjects also completed 3-Tesla rs-fMRI. The Temperament and Character Inventory was used to measure the self-transcendence trait. A voxel-based whole brain analysis revealed that the [18 F]fallypride binding potential (BPND ) within the cluster of the left insula was significantly positively correlated with self-transcendence trait scores. A region-of-interest analysis also showed a significant positive correlation between self-transcendence and [18 F]fallypride BPND in the left insula. The exploratory [18 F]fallypride BPND seed-based rs-fMRI analysis showed that the functional connectivity from the left insula seed to the prefrontal cortices (including the inferior frontal region) was negatively associated with self-transcendence trait scores. The results of the present study suggest that D2/3 receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the left insula may constitute a significant neurobiological factor in the self-transcendence trait. The negative associations between BPND seed-based functional connectivity and self-transcendence trait scores may suggest reduced prefrontal control in this personality trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hee Kim
- Research Institute for Advanced Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yi-Seul Choe
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Paul Cumming
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland.,School of Psychology and Counselling and IHBI, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Young-Don Son
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hang-Keun Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Yo-Han Joo
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caravaggio F, Plavén-Sigray P, Matheson GJ, Plitman E, Chakravarty MM, Borg J, Graff-Guerrero A, Cervenka S. Trait impulsivity is not related to post-commissural putamen volumes: A replication study in healthy men. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209584. [PMID: 30571791 PMCID: PMC6301704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High levels of trait impulsivity are considered a risk factor for substance abuse and drug addiction. We recently found that non-planning trait impulsivity was negatively correlated with post-commissural putamen volumes in men, but not women, using the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP). Here, we attempted to replicate this finding in an independent sample using an updated version of the KSP: the Swedish Universities Scales of Personality (SSP). Data from 88 healthy male participants (Mean Age: 28.16±3.34), who provided structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and self-reported SSP impulsivity scores, were analyzed. Striatal sub-region volumes were acquired using the Multiple Automatically Generated Templates (MAGeT-Brain) algorithm. Contrary to our previous findings trait impulsivity measured using SSP was not a significant predictor of post-commissural putamen volumes (β = .14, df = 84, p = .94). A replication Bayes Factors analysis strongly supported this null result. Consistent with our previous findings, secondary exploratory analyses found no relationship between ventral striatum volumes and SSP trait impulsivity (β = -.05, df = 84, p = .28). An exploratory analysis of the other striatal compartments showed that there were no significant associations with trait impulsivity. While we could not replicate our previous findings in the current sample, we believe this work will aide future studies aimed at establishing meaningful brain biomarkers for addiction vulnerability in healthy humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pontus Plavén-Sigray
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Granville James Matheson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Plitman
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. Mallar Chakravarty
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Borg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
van Holst RJ, Sescousse G, Janssen LK, Janssen M, Berry AS, Jagust WJ, Cools R. Increased Striatal Dopamine Synthesis Capacity in Gambling Addiction. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:1036-1043. [PMID: 28728675 PMCID: PMC6698370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothesis that dopamine plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pathological gambling is pervasive. However, there is little to no direct evidence for a categorical difference between pathological gamblers and healthy control subjects in terms of dopamine transmission in a drug-free state. Here we provide evidence for this hypothesis by comparing dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal and ventral parts of the striatum in 13 pathological gamblers and 15 healthy control subjects. METHODS This was achieved using [18F]fluoro-levo-dihydroxyphenylalanine dynamic positron emission tomography scans and striatal regions of interest that were hand-drawn based on visual inspection of individual structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. RESULTS Our results show that dopamine synthesis capacity was increased in pathological gamblers compared with healthy control subjects. Dopamine synthesis was 16% higher in the caudate body, 17% higher in the dorsal putamen, and 17% higher in the ventral striatum in pathological gamblers compared with control subjects. Moreover, dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal putamen and caudate head was positively correlated with gambling distortions in pathological gamblers. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results provide empirical evidence for increased striatal dopamine synthesis in pathological gambling.
Collapse
|
12
|
Farde L, Plavén-Sigray P, Borg J, Cervenka S. Brain neuroreceptor density and personality traits: towards dimensional biomarkers for psychiatric disorders. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:20170156. [PMID: 29483342 PMCID: PMC5832682 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography has, for 30 years, been used in numerous case-control studies searching for hypothesized differences in the density of neuroreceptor or transporter proteins in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. In most cases, the results have not been conclusive. One reason could be the sizeable interindividual variability in biochemical markers, which in twin studies have shown to emanate from both environmental and genetic factors, leading to low statistical power for the detection of group effects. On the other hand, the same interindividual variability has served as an opportunity for correlative studies on the biological underpinning of behaviour. Using this approach, a series of studies has linked markers for the dopamine and serotonin system to personality traits associated with psychiatric conditions. Based on increasing evidence for the view that many psychopathological states represent extremes of a continuum rather than distinct categories, this research strategy may lead to new biological insights about the vulnerability to and pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders.This article is part of the theme issue 'Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Farde
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Precision Medicine and Genomics, AstraZeneca, PET Science Centre, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pontus Plavén-Sigray
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacqueline Borg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barlow RL, Gorges M, Wearn A, Niessen HG, Kassubek J, Dalley JW, Pekcec A. Ventral Striatal D2/3 Receptor Availability Is Associated with Impulsive Choice Behavior As Well As Limbic Corticostriatal Connectivity. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:705-715. [PMID: 29554302 PMCID: PMC6030945 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens shell is associated with highly impulsive behavior in rats as measured by premature responses in a cued attentional task. However, it is unclear whether dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens is equally linked to intolerance for delayed rewards, a related form of impulsivity. METHODS We investigated the relationship between D2/3 receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens and impulsivity in a delay-discounting task where animals must choose between immediate, small-magnitude rewards and delayed, larger-magnitude rewards. Corticostriatal D2/3 receptor availability was measured in rats stratified for high and low impulsivity using in vivo [18F]fallypride positron emission tomography and ex vivo [3H]raclopride autoradiography. Resting-state functional connectivity in limbic corticostriatal networks was also assessed using fMRI. RESULTS Delay-discounting task impulsivity was inversely related to D2/3 receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens core but not the dorsal striatum, with higher D2/3 binding in the nucleus accumbens shell of high-impulsive rats compared with low-impulsive rats. D2/3 receptor availability was associated with stronger connectivity between the cingulate cortex and hippocampus of high- vs low-impulsive rats. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that delay-discounting task impulsivity is associated with low D2/3 receptor binding in the nucleus accumbens core. Thus, two related forms of waiting impulsivity-premature responding and delay intolerance in a delay-of-reward task-implicate an involvement of D2/3 receptor availability in the nucleus accumbens shell and core, respectively. This dissociation may be causal or consequential to enhanced functional connectivity of limbic brain circuitry and hold relevance for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, drug addiction, and other psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Barlow
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, CNS Discovery Research, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Martin Gorges
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, RKU, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alfie Wearn
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, CNS Discovery Research, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heiko G Niessen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Jan Kassubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, RKU, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jeffrey W Dalley
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anton Pekcec
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, CNS Discovery Research, Biberach an der Riss, Germany,Correspondence: Anton Pekcec, DVM, PhD, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, CNS Discovery Research, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397, Biberach an der Riss, Germany ()
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Plavén-Sigray P, Matheson GJ, Gustavsson P, Stenkrona P, Halldin C, Farde L, Cervenka S. Is dopamine D1 receptor availability related to social behavior? A positron emission tomography replication study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193770. [PMID: 29543812 PMCID: PMC5854259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between dopamine receptor levels and pro- and antisocial behavior have previously been demonstrated in human subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) and self-rated measures of personality traits. So far, only one study has focused on the dopamine D1-receptor (D1-R), finding a positive correlation with the trait social desirability, which is characterized by low dominant and high affiliative behavior, while physical aggression showed a negative correlation. The aim of the present study was to replicate these previous findings using a new independent sample of subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six healthy males were examined with the radioligand [11C]SCH-23390, and completed the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP) which includes measures of social desirability and physical trait aggression. The simplified reference tissue model with cerebellum as reference region was used to calculate BPND values in the whole striatum and limbic striatum. The two regions were selected since they showed strong association between D1-R availability and personality scores in the previous study. Pearson's correlation coefficients and replication Bayes factors were then employed to assess the replicability and robustness of previous results. RESULTS There were no significant correlations (all p values > 0.3) between regional BPND values and personality scale scores. Replication Bayes factors showed strong to moderate evidence in favor no relationship between D1-receptor availability and social desirability (striatum BF01 = 12.4; limbic striatum BF01 = 7.2) or physical aggression scale scores (limbic striatum BF01 = 3.3), compared to the original correlations. DISCUSSION We could not replicate the previous findings of associations between D1-R availability and either pro- or antisocial behavior as measured using the SSP. Rather, there was evidence in favor of failed replications of associations between BPND and scale scores. Potential reasons for these results are restrictive variance in both PET and personality outcomes due to high sample homogeneity, or that the previous findings were false positives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pontus Plavén-Sigray
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Granville James Matheson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Gustavsson
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Stenkrona
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
- PET imaging Centre, Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech unit, AstraZeneca, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, SE, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Caravaggio F, Fervaha G, Browne CJ, Gerretsen P, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A. Reward motivation in humans and its relationship to dopamine D 2/3 receptor availability: A pilot study with dual [ 11C]-raclopride and [ 11C]-(+)-PHNO imaging. J Psychopharmacol 2018; 32:357-366. [PMID: 29442593 DOI: 10.1177/0269881118756059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rodent studies suggest that dopamine signaling at D2/3 receptors in the ventral striatum is critical for reward motivation. Whether this is also true in humans is unclear. Positron emission tomography studies in healthy humans have generally not observed a relationship between D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum and motivation. We developed the "mounting-effort for reward task" to assess high motivational demand for (a) gaining money (CS+), (b) losing money or avoiding electric shock (CS-), and (c) non-reward (Neutral). Receipt was contingent on participants making sufficient button responses relative to a "reward-threshold" determined by prior motor performance. This reward-threshold was dynamically increased if surpassed, making the task increasingly more difficult on every trial. The mounting-effort for reward task was preliminarily validated in 29 healthy volunteers (mean age: 25.83±3.58; 15 female). In this sample, %CS+ and %CS- significantly correlated with different dimensions of self-reported apathy. In a sub-sample of eight healthy volunteers (mean age: 25.75±1.91; four female), the mounting-effort for reward task demonstrated good test-retest reliability (%variance: 0.20-2.61%). Seven healthy male volunteers (mean age: 31.14±5.43) completed the mounting-effort for reward task and provided both [11C]-raclopride and [11C]-(+)-PHNO PET scans to assess D2/3 receptor availability. %CS+ and %CS- were positively correlated with [11C]-raclopride binding in the dorsal striatum. %CS+, %Cs-, and %Neutral were positively correlated with [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the globus pallidus. Thus, increased expression of D2 receptors in the dorsal striatum, and D3 receptors in the globus pallidus, may be related to motivation for rewards. Larger positron emission tomography studies are required to formally validate the mounting-effort for reward task and replicate our pilot findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- 1 Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gagan Fervaha
- 2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Caleb J Browne
- 3 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,4 Section of Biopsychology, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- 1 Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- 1 Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- 1 Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Raghanti MA, Edler MK, Stephenson AR, Munger EL, Jacobs B, Hof PR, Sherwood CC, Holloway RL, Lovejoy CO. A neurochemical hypothesis for the origin of hominids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1108-E1116. [PMID: 29358369 PMCID: PMC5819450 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1719666115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has always been difficult to account for the evolution of certain human characters such as language, empathy, and altruism via individual reproductive success. However, the striatum, a subcortical region originally thought to be exclusively motor, is now known to contribute to social behaviors and "personality styles" that may link such complexities with natural selection. We here report that the human striatum exhibits a unique neurochemical profile that differs dramatically from those of other primates. The human signature of elevated striatal dopamine, serotonin, and neuropeptide Y, coupled with lowered acetylcholine, systematically favors externally driven behavior and greatly amplifies sensitivity to social cues that promote social conformity, empathy, and altruism. We propose that selection induced an initial form of this profile in early hominids, which increased their affiliative behavior, and that this shift either preceded or accompanied the adoption of bipedality and elimination of the sectorial canine. We further hypothesize that these changes were critical for increased individual fitness and promoted the adoption of social monogamy, which progressively increased cooperation as well as a dependence on tradition-based cultural transmission. These eventually facilitated the acquisition of language by elevating the reproductive advantage afforded those most sensitive to social cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ann Raghanti
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Melissa K Edler
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272
| | - Alexa R Stephenson
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Emily L Munger
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| | - Bob Jacobs
- Laboratory of Quantitative Neuromorphology, Department of Psychology, Colorado College, Colorado Springs, CO 80903
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
- New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, NY 10024
| | - Chet C Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
- Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052
| | - Ralph L Holloway
- Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - C Owen Lovejoy
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun KL, Watson KT, Angal S, Bakkila BF, Gorelik AJ, Leslie SM, Rasgon NL, Singh MK. Neural and Endocrine Correlates of Early Life Abuse in Youth With Depression and Obesity. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:721. [PMID: 30622489 PMCID: PMC6308296 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression and insulin resistance are becoming increasingly prevalent in younger populations. The origin and consequence of insulin resistance in depressed youth may, in part, be rooted in exposure to environmental stressors, such as early life abuse, that may lead to aberrant brain motivational networks mediating maladaptive food-seeking behaviors and insipient insulin resistance. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the impact of early life abuse on the development of insulin resistance in depressed and overweight youth aged 9 to 17 years. We hypothesized that youth with the greatest burden of early life abuse would have the highest levels of insulin resistance and corresponding aberrant reward network connectivities. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated sixty-nine depressed and overweight youth aged 9 to 17, using multimodal assessments of early life abuse, food-seeking behavior, and insulin resistance. Based on results of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), we separated our study participants into two groups: 35 youth who reported high levels of the sum of emotional, physical, or sexual abuse and 34 youth who reported insignificant or no levels of any abuse. Results of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), using the amygdala, insula, and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) as seed-based reward network regions of interest, were analyzed for group differences between high abuse and low abuse groups. High abuse youth exhibited differences from low abuse youth in amygdala-precuneus, NAcc-paracingulate gyrus, and NAcc-prefrontal cortex connectivities, that correlated with levels of abuse experienced. The more different their connectivity from of that of low abuse youth, the higher were their fasting glucose and glucose at OGTT endpoint. Importantly, level of abuse moderated the relation between reward network connectivity and OGTT glucose response. In contrast, low abuse youth showed hyperinsulinemia and more insulin resistance than high abuse youth, and their higher OGTT insulin areas under the curve correlated with more negative insula-precuneus connectivity. Our findings suggest distinct neural and endocrine profiles of youth with depression and obesity based on their histories of early life abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kathleen T Watson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sarthak Angal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Baylee F Bakkila
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Aaron J Gorelik
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Sara M Leslie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Natalie L Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Manpreet K Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Caravaggio F, Plitman E, Chung JK, Gerretsen P, Kim J, Iwata Y, Chakravarty M, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A. Trait impulsiveness is related to smaller post-commissural putamen volumes in males but not females. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2253-2264. [PMID: 28833754 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity is considered a vulnerability trait for addiction. Recently, we found trait non-planning impulsiveness measured with the Karolinska Scales of Personality was negatively correlated with dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum of healthy humans. While also observed in rodents, human studies have failed to find this association with other measures of trait impulsivity. We explored whether another rodent finding, reduced ventral striatum volume with greater impulsivity, could also be observed in humans using this scale. Non-planning impulsiveness was measured in 52 healthy subjects (21 female; mean age: 33.06 ± 9.69) using the Karolinska Scales of Personality. Striatal subregion volumes, including the globus pallidus, were acquired using the Multiple Automatically Generated Templates (MAGeT-Brain) algorithm. Although failing to support our a priori hypothesis, there was a significant sex interaction in the post-commissural putamen with impulsiveness. Exploratory analyses revealed impulsiveness was negatively correlated with post-commissural putamen volumes in males, but positively correlated in females. We replicated this finding in males in an increased sample (including all 52 previous subjects) who provided impulsiveness measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (n = 73; 32 female; mean age: 33.48 ± 9.75). These correlations by sex were statistically different from one another, the main finding with the Kasolinksa Scales of Personality surviving correction for multiple comparisons. While impulsivity may be related to reduced ventral striatal D2/3 receptors across sexes, males but not females may show significant reductions in post-commissural putamen volume. These findings have important implications for understanding biological markers underlying sex differences in drug addiction vulnerability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Plitman
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Jun Ku Chung
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Kim
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cservenka A, Ray LA. Self-reported attentional and motor impulsivity are related to age at first methamphetamine use. Addict Behav 2017; 65:7-12. [PMID: 27701027 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine (MA) users report higher levels of impulsivity relative to healthy controls, which may either result from, or precede, their substance use. Further, there is evidence that female MA users may be more impulsive than male MA users prior to MA use. Thus, the goal of the current study was to determine whether different subtraits of self-reported impulsivity are significantly related to age at first MA use, controlling for total years of MA use. METHODS A community sample of MA users was recruited for this study (N=157; 113 males, 44 females). The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was used to assess self-reported impulsivity on three subscales (Attentional, Motor, Non-planning). Age at first MA use served as the dependent variable in a series of multiple regression models with BIS-11 subscales, sex, and their interaction as independent variables, controlling for total years of MA use. RESULTS Attentional and Motor impulsivity were significantly related to age at first MA use when controlling for total years of MA use (Attentional: p=0.008; Motor: p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Individuals who reported higher Attentional and Motor impulsivity started using MA at an earlier age, which could suggest that impulsivity levels may be an important marker of vulnerability towards MA use. These findings indicate that prevention efforts may be targeted towards individuals who report high levels of Attentional and Motor impulsivity, as they may be at greatest risk for earlier initiation of MA use.
Collapse
|
20
|
Trifilieff P, Ducrocq F, van der Veldt S, Martinez D. Blunted Dopamine Transmission in Addiction: Potential Mechanisms and Implications for Behavior. Semin Nucl Med 2016; 47:64-74. [PMID: 27987559 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging consistently shows blunted striatal dopamine release and decreased dopamine D2 receptor availability in addiction. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical studies indicating that this neurobiological phenotype is likely to be both a consequence of chronic drug consumption and a vulnerability factor in the development of addiction. We propose that, behaviorally, blunted striatal dopamine transmission could reflect the increased impulsivity and altered cost/benefit computations that are associated with addiction. The factors that influence blunted striatal dopamine transmission in addiction are unknown. Herein, we give an overview of various factors, genetic, environmental, and social, that are known to affect dopamine transmission and that have been associated with the vulnerability to develop addiction. Altogether, these data suggest that blunted dopamine transmission and decreased D2 receptor availability are biomarkers both for the development of addiction and resistance to treatment. These findings support the view that blunted dopamine reflects impulsive behavior and deficits in motivation, which lead to the escalation of drug use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Trifilieff
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Fabien Ducrocq
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Suzanne van der Veldt
- Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, INRA UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Diana Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical College, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|