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Ahmad T, Rehman LM, Al-Nuaimi R, de Levay JPBB, Thankamony R, Mubashir M, Lai Z. Thermodynamics and kinetic analysis of membrane: Challenges and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139430. [PMID: 37422221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The ultimate structure of the membrane is determined using two important effects: (i) thermodynamic effect and (ii) kinetic effect. Controlling the mechanism of kinetic and thermodynamic processes in phase separation is essential for enhancing membrane performance. However, the relationship between system parameters and the ultimate membrane morphology is still largely empirical. This review focuses on the fundamental ideas behind thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) methods, including both kinetic and thermodynamic elements. The thermodynamic approach to understanding phase separation and the effect of different interaction parameters on membrane morphology has been discussed in detail. Furthermore, this review explores the capabilities and limitations of different macroscopic transport models used for the last four decades to explore the phase inversion process. The application of molecular simulations and phase field to understand phase separation has also been briefly examined. Finally, it discusses the thermodynamic approach to understanding phase separation and the consequence of different interaction parameters on membrane morphology, as well as possible directions for artificial intelligence to fill the gaps in the literature. This review aims to provide comprehensive knowledge and motivation for future modeling work for membrane fabrication via new techniques such as nonsolvent-TIPS, complex-TIPS, non-solvent assisted TIPS, combined NIPS-TIPS method, and mixed solvent phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tausif Ahmad
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lubna M Rehman
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Al-Nuaimi
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Pierre Benjamin Boross de Levay
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roshni Thankamony
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Mubashir
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Centre, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Mensah B, Efavi JK, Konadu DS, Manu GP. Graphene-maleic anhydride-grafted-carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene-rubber nanocomposites. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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3
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Stelescu MD, Airinei A, Bargan A, Fifere N, Georgescu M, Sonmez M, Nituica M, Alexandrescu L, Stefan A. Mechanical Properties and Equilibrium Swelling Characteristics of Some Polymer Composites Based on Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Reinforced with Hemp Fibers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6838. [PMID: 36234179 PMCID: PMC9571222 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
EPDM/hemp fiber composites with fiber loading of 0-20 phr were prepared by the blending technique on a laboratory electrically heated roller mill. Test specimens were obtained by vulcanization using a laboratory hydraulic press. The elastomer crosslinking and the chemical modification of the hemp fiber surface were achieved by a radical reaction mechanism initiated by di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene. The influence of the fiber loading on the mechanical properties, gel fraction, swelling ratio and crosslink degree was investigated. The gel fraction, crosslink density and rubber-hemp fiber interaction were evaluated based on equilibrium solvent-swelling measurements using the Flory-Rehner relation and Kraus and Lorenz-Park equations. The morphology of the EPDM/hemp fiber composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption increases as the hemp fiber loading increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daniela Stelescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, Leather and Footwear Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu Street, 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Airinei
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bargan
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicusor Fifere
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Georgescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, Leather and Footwear Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu Street, 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Sonmez
- National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, Leather and Footwear Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu Street, 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Nituica
- National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, Leather and Footwear Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu Street, 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurentia Alexandrescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Textile and Leather, Leather and Footwear Institute, 93 Ion Minulescu Street, 031215 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Stefan
- National Institute of Aerospace Research “Elie Carafoli”, 220 Iuliu Maniu Blv., 061126 Bucharest, Romania
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4
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Electrical Conductivity of Rubber Composites with Varying Crosslink Density under Cyclic Deformation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173640. [PMID: 36080717 PMCID: PMC9460271 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies addressing electroconductive composites based on rubber have attracted great interest for many engineering applications. To contribute to obtaining useful materials with reproducible behavior, this study focused on understanding the mechanism of conductivity changes during mechanical deformation for rubber composites based on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) or ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) vulcanized for various times. The composites were characterized by static electrical conductivity, tensile testing, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and crosslink density measurements. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus were found to increase significantly with rising vulcanization time. Higher static conductivity values of the composites were observed with the increase in vulcanization time. The most important aspect of this investigation consisted in the electrical current measurement online with recording the stress-strain curves, revealing the details of the uniaxial cyclic deformation effect on changes in the structure of conductive pathways indirectly. The electrical conductivity during five runs of repeated cyclic mechanical deformations for SBR composites increased permanently, although not linearly, whereas EPDM composites showed a slight increase or at least a nearly constant current, indicating healing of minor defects in the conductive pathways or the formation of new conductive pathways.
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5
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Liquid Guayule Natural Rubber, a Sustainable Processing Aid, Enhances the Processability, Durability and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Rubber Composites. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103605. [PMID: 35629639 PMCID: PMC9147168 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum-based oils are widely used as processing aids in rubber composites to improve processability but can adversely affect rubber composite performance and increase carbon footprint. In this research, liquid guayule natural rubber (LGNR), produced from guayule natural rubber, was used as a renewable processing aid to replace naphthenic oil (NO) in Hevea natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and guayule natural rubber (GNR) composites. The rheological properties, thermal stability, glass transition temperature, dynamic mechanical properties, aging, and ozone resistance of rubber composites with and without NO or LGNR were compared. Natural and synthetic rubber composites made with LGNR had similar processability to those made with NO, but had improved thermal stability, mechanical properties after aging, and ozone resistance. This was due to the strong LGNR–filler interaction and additional crosslinks formed between LGNR and the rubber matrices. The glass transition temperature of SBR composites was reduced by LGNR because of its increased molecular mobility. Thus, unlike NO, LGNR processing aid can simultaneously improve rubber composite durability, dynamic performance and renewability. The commercialization of LGNR has the potential to open a new sustainable processing-aid market.
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6
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Senichev VY, Strelnikov VN, Perepada MV, Slobodinyuk AI. A New Method to Identify Rubbers and Elastomers using Swelling in Various Solvents. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Filler Influence on H2 Permeation Properties in Sulfur-CrossLinked Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Polymers Blended with Different Concentrations of Carbon Black and Silica Fillers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030592. [PMID: 35160581 PMCID: PMC8839649 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Filler effects on H2 permeation properties in sulfur-crosslinked ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) polymers blended with two kinds of carbon black (CB) and silica fillers at different contents of 20 phr–60 phr are investigated by employing volumetric analysis in the pressure exposure range of 1.2 MPa~9.0 MPa. A linear relationship is observed between the sorbed amount and pressure for H2 gas, which is indicative of Henry’s law behavior. The hydrogen solubility of EPDM composites increases linearly with increasing filler content. The magnitude of hydrogen solubility for the filled EPDM composites is dependent on the filler type. The hydrogen solubility is divided into two contributions: hydrogen absorption in the EPDM polymer and hydrogen adsorption at the filler surface. Neat EPDM reveals pressure-dependent bulk diffusion behavior. However, with increasing filler content, the diffusivity for the filled EPDM composites is found to be independent of pressure. The magnitude of filler effects on the hydrogen permeation parameter is measured in the order of high abrasion furnace CB~semireinforcing furnace CB ˃ silica, whose effect is related to the specific surface area of CB particles and interfacial structure. The correlation between the permeation parameters and filler content (or crosslink density) is discussed.
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8
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Bongiardina NJ, Sinha J, Bowman CN. Flory–Huggins Parameters for Thiol-ene Networks Using Hansen Solubility Parameters. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Bongiardina
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596 United States
| | - Jasmine Sinha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0596 United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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9
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García DB, Mansilla MA, Monsalve LN, Bilbao E, Garraza ALR, Escobar MM. Elucidating the interactions between carbon nanotubes and carbon black with styrene butadiene rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela B. García
- Advanced Material Center, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial San Martín Argentina
- Instituto de Investigación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín San Martín Argentina
| | - Marcela A. Mansilla
- Advanced Material Center, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial San Martín Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Leandro N. Monsalve
- Advanced Material Center, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial San Martín Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Emanuel Bilbao
- Instituto de Investigación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín San Martín Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | | | - Mariano M. Escobar
- Advanced Material Center, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial San Martín Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
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10
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Allel A, Benguergoura H, Naceur MW, Ledoux A, Saeed WS, Aouak T. Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)/Maghnia-Organo-Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite. Preparation, Properties and Application as Membrane in the Separation of Methanol/Toluene Azeotropic Mixture by Pervaporation. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:921. [PMID: 34940422 PMCID: PMC8707996 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(styrene-co-butadiene) (SBR) to use it as a pervaporation membrane in the separation of the azeotropic mixture toluene/methanol, poly(styrene-co-butadiene) crosslinked Maghnia-organo-montmonrillonite (CSBR/OMMT), a nanocomposite of different compositions was first prepared by a solvent casting method. SBR was crosslinked in situ in the presence of OMMT nanoparticles by an efficient vulcanization technique using sulfur as a crosslinking agent and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a catalyst. The structure and morphology of the hybrid materials obtained were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope analysis. The thermal properties of these hybrid materials were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis/thermal differential analysis. The mechanical properties were studied by strength measurements. The results obtained occurred when the OMMT was incorporated in the CSBR matrix; a significant increase in the glass transition temperature of the SBR was observed which passed from -27 °C for virgin SBR to -21.5 °C for that containing 12 wt% of OMMT. The addition of OMMT nanoparticles to CSBR also improved the mechanical properties of this copolymer. When the OMMT content in the CSBR varied from 0 to 15% by weight, the tensile strength, the elongation at the nose and the modulus at 100% elongation increased from 3.45 to 6.25 MPa, from 162, 17 to 347.20% and 1.75 to 3.0 MPa, respectively. The results of pervaporation revealed that when the OMMT content varied between 3% and 12%, a significant increase in the total flux, the separation factor and the separation index by pervaporation increased from 260.67 to g m-2 h-1, 0.31 to 1.43, and 0.47 to 113.81 g m-2 h-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Allel
- Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, et Développement Durable (2E2D), Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté de Technologies, Université Saâd Dahlab Blida 1, Route de Soumâa, B.P. 270, Blida 09000, Algeria; (A.A.); (M.W.N.)
| | - Hassiba Benguergoura
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Moléculaire et Macromoléculaire LCPMM, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saâd Dahlab Blida 1, Route de Soumâa, B.P. 270, Blida 09000, Algeria;
| | - Mohamed Wahib Naceur
- Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, et Développement Durable (2E2D), Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté de Technologies, Université Saâd Dahlab Blida 1, Route de Soumâa, B.P. 270, Blida 09000, Algeria; (A.A.); (M.W.N.)
| | - Alain Ledoux
- INSA de Rouen, LSPC, Normandie Université, 76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France;
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taïeb Aouak
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Rostami-Tapeh-Esmaeil E, Vahidifar A, Esmizadeh E, Rodrigue D. Chemistry, Processing, Properties, and Applications of Rubber Foams. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1565. [PMID: 34068238 PMCID: PMC8153173 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
With the ever-increasing development in science and technology, as well as social awareness, more requirements are imposed on the production and property of all materials, especially polymeric foams. In particular, rubber foams, compared to thermoplastic foams in general, have higher flexibility, resistance to abrasion, energy absorption capabilities, strength-to-weight ratio and tensile strength leading to their widespread use in several applications such as thermal insulation, energy absorption, pressure sensors, absorbents, etc. To control the rubber foams microstructure leading to excellent physical and mechanical properties, two types of parameters play important roles. The first category is related to formulation including the rubber (type and grade), as well as the type and content of accelerators, fillers, and foaming agents. The second category is associated to processing parameters such as the processing method (injection, extrusion, compression, etc.), as well as different conditions related to foaming (temperature, pressure and number of stage) and curing (temperature, time and precuring time). This review presents the different parameters involved and discusses their effect on the morphological, physical, and mechanical properties of rubber foams. Although several studies have been published on rubber foams, very few papers reviewed the subject and compared the results available. In this review, the most recent works on rubber foams have been collected to provide a general overview on different types of rubber foams from their preparation to their final application. Detailed information on formulation, curing and foaming chemistry, production methods, morphology, properties, and applications is presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Vahidifar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab 5551761167, Iran;
| | - Elnaz Esmizadeh
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab 5551761167, Iran;
| | - Denis Rodrigue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
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12
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T.K S, Naskar K. Zinc oxide with various surface characteristics and its role on mechanical properties, cure-characteristics, and morphological analysis of natural rubber/carbon black composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02536-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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13
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Zhang J, Lu J, Wang D, Han B. INTRODUCING BIOBASED NONPOLAR BOTTLEBRUSH β-MYRCENE SEGMENTS TO IMPROVE SILICA DISPERSION FOR SUSTAINABLE SSBR/SILICA NANOCOMPOSITES. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
To overcome the problem of fossil fuel depletion and associated environmental issues arising from the use of tire tread elastomers, a convenient, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient strategy was developed to prepare high-performance green solution polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber (SSBR)/silica nanocomposites by improving silica dispersion in the nonpolar polymer matrix via the introduction of a biobased nonpolar bottlebrush segment with two double bonds. Various elastomers containing biobased nonpolar bottlebrush β-myrcene segments were synthesized using an industrially robust anionic polymerization method. Results of rubber process analysis, small-angle X-ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that rubber with myrcene could significantly improve silica dispersibility and inhibit the strong filler–filler interactions, which are due to the formation of hydrogen bonding between the double bonds in the myrcene block and silanol groups on the silica surface and possibly to the spreading or infiltrating of myrcene bottlebrush segments onto silica. Furthermore, for the modified rubber, rolling resistance decreased by 41.7%, tear strength increased by 20.78%, and tensile strength increased by 77.8% with the elongation at break remained practically unchanged as compared with the unmodified silica/SSBR composite. On the basis of aforementioned assessment, we believe that silica-reinforced β-myrcene–based styrene–butadiene integrated rubber is a versatile and promising candidate for future tire tread elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Bingyong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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14
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Capillary column inverse gas chromatography to determine the thermodynamic parameters of binary solvent poly (styrene-block-butadiene) rubber systems. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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15
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Thermo-oxidative ageing of a SBR rubber: effects on mechanical and chemical properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Das S, Chattopadhyay S, Dhanania S, Bhowmick AK. Improved dispersion and physico‐mechanical properties of rubber/silica composites through new silane grafting. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Das
- Rubber Technology Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | - Santanu Chattopadhyay
- Rubber Technology Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
| | | | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur West Bengal India
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Houston Houston Texas USA
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17
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Correlation between the Crosslink Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Compound via Accelerators and Reinforcement. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092020. [PMID: 32899685 PMCID: PMC7565785 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extreme elasticity and reversible deformability of rubber, which is one of the most versatile polymers in modern society, is dependent on several factors, including the processing conditions, curing system, and types of additives used. Since the rubber's mechanical properties are influenced by the existing structural crosslinks, their correlation with the crosslink characteristics of rubber was investigated using the equilibrium swelling theory of the Flory-Rehner equation and the rubber-filler interaction theory of the Kraus equation. Herein, we examined whether the accelerator and reinforcement agent quantitatively contributed to chemical cross-linkages and rubber-filler interaction. In conclusion, the accelerator content supported the chemically crosslinked structures of the monosulfides and the disulfides in natural rubber (NR). Additionally, these results demonstrated that the mechanical properties and the thermal resistance of NR were dependent on the crosslink characteristics. The findings of this study provide an insight into the development and application of NR products for the mechanical optimization of rubber-based products.
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18
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Zhang S, Leng X, Li Z, Han L, Li W, Li C, Lei L, Ma H, Li Y. Influence Mechanism of Composition and Topology on the Comprehensive Properties of Styrene-Isoprene-Butadiene Elastomers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xuefei Leng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Elastomers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lan Lei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116024, China
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19
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Kumar A, Dalmiya MS, Goswami M, Bansal V, Goyal S, Nair S, Hossain SJ, Chattopadhyay S. ENTANGLED NETWORK INFLUENCED BY CARBON BLACK IN SOLUTION SBR VULCANIZATES REVEALED BY THEORY AND EXPERIMENT. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.20.80374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The contribution of carbon black (CB) on changes in cross-link density (n) and physical entanglement has been quantified by swelling and uniaxial stress–strain measurements considering Mooney–Rivlin parameters. Solution SBR (SSBR) vulcanizates with varying content of high abrasion furnace (HAF) CB were studied. Rubber–filler networks increase the n values, which were determined by using Flory–Rehner and modified Guth–Gold equations by equilibrium swelling study. The Mooney–Rivlin parameter C1 was quantified using n, whereas parameter C2, representing physical entanglement, was determined for filled rubber by correlating with tensile results. The parameter C2 is monitored to be decreased with increasing CB (HAF) loading. A simple parabolic trend for physical entanglement parameter with increasing CB loading is proposed, and it shows a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99595. Atomic force microscopy study confirms the generation of filler networking in the rubber matrix. The current findings elucidate a way for quantifying physical network changes due to fillers in an unfilled rubber system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
| | - Mahawat Singh Dalmiya
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
| | - Mohit Goswami
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
| | | | | | | | - Shaikh Jahangir Hossain
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
| | - Santanu Chattopadhyay
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
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Escobedo HD, Stansbury JW, Nair DP. Photoreactive nanogels as versatile polymer networks with tunable in situ drug release kinetics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 108:103755. [PMID: 32310108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple, yet powerful approach to synthesize photoreactive nanogel networks <5 nm that can swell between ~3 and ~200 times their initial radius with control over the size and surface charge via a solution polymerization reaction protocol was demonstrated. Nanogels with hydrodynamic radii from 0.9 nm to 3.2 nm and surface charges from -6.4 mV to -16.5 mV with dramatically different abilities to swell were synthesized by altering the solvent ratio before synthesis. Additionally, the control over the release kinetics of a small molecule over a period of 30 days was demonstrated by the methacrylate functionalization of the nanogels post-synthesis and the subsequent photo-aggregation of the nanogels. Thepotential to control the release of small molecule drugs via the concentration of photoreactive groups and the photo-induced aggregation of the nanogels offers the unique ability to tailor the in situ release kinetics of the delivery network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto D Escobedo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 E. Montview Blvd., Mail Stop C238, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Jeffrey W Stansbury
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, RC1-South, L18-1101, Mail Stop 8120, 12801 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Devatha P Nair
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, RC1-South, L18-1101, Mail Stop 8120, 12801 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
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21
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Xie Y, Hassan AA, Song P, Zhang Z, Wang S. High scission of butadiene rubber vulcanizate under thermo-oxidation. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Ortega L, Cerveny S, Sill C, Isitman NA, Rodriguez-Garraza AL, Meyer M, Westermann S, Schwartz GA. The effect of vulcanization additives on the dielectric response of styrene-butadiene rubber compounds. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Zhao Z, Qi HJ, Fang D. A finite deformation theory of desolvation and swelling in partially photo-cross-linked polymer networks for 3D/4D printing applications. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:1005-1016. [PMID: 30657159 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02427h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photopolymerization is a process strongly dependent on the light field in the resin. This typically results in a non-uniformly crosslinked network where some parts of the network are fully cross-linked while other parts are partially crosslinked. The partially crosslinked part could exhibit a high volume expansion upon swelling and a high volume shrinkage upon desolvation. Through control over the light field in the photopolymer resin, this feature has been used to create solvent responsive shape changing structures as well as 3D/4D printed smart devices, showing promising application potential. In this paper, we develop a finite deformation theory to consider the nonuniform crosslink density of the network and the interaction between different species inside the network. The mechanical properties of the network are correlated with the reaction process and the existence of residual uncrosslinked monomers is included in the partially crosslinked network. The efficiency of the theory is proved by the finite element simulations of two special applications of the partially crosslinked network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems & Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
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24
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Chen L, Guo X, Luo Y, Jia Z, Chen Y, Jia D. Inorganic and Organic Hybrid Nanoparticles as Multifunctional Crosslinkers for Rubber Vulcanization with High-Filler Rubber Interaction. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10101138. [PMID: 30961063 PMCID: PMC6403541 DOI: 10.3390/polym10101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the interfacial interaction between rubber and silica nanoparticles, and simultaneously reducing free sulfur and preventing migration and volatilization of a rubber vulcanizing agent, commercial sulfur compound aliphatic ether polysulfide (VA-7) was chemically attached to the silica surface to obtain a functionalized nanoparticle (silica-s-VA7). Functional nanoparticles can not only effectively crosslink rubber without sulfur as a novel vulcanizator, but are also evenly dispersed in the rubber matrix and improve the dispersion of the remaining pristine silica as an interfacial compatibilizer. In addition, the thicker immobilized polymer layer and prominent crosslinking density of SBR nanocomposites simultaneously demonstrate that the novel vulcanizing agent silica-s-VA7 gives rise to significant improvement on the rubber–filler interfacial adhesion on account of the covalent linkages of organic and inorganic interfaces between elastomer and nanofillers. We envisage that this strategy may provide a new avenue to implement high-efficiency design for a multifunctional rubber-vulcanizing agent through an organic and inorganic hybridization mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, Department of Polymeric Material and Engineering, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yuanfang Luo
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhixin Jia
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Demin Jia
- Key Lab of Guangdong High Property and Functional Macromolecular Materials, Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zarei A, Jalali-Arani A. The relationship of vulcanization and structural characteristics-dispersion of organoclay-mechanical properties in (butadiene rubber/natural rubber) based nanocomposite. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zarei
- Mahshahr Campus; Amirkabir University of Technology; Mahshahr Iran
| | - Azam Jalali-Arani
- Department of Polymer Engineering & Color Technology; Amirkabir University of Technology; Tehran Iran
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26
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Khabiri M, Jafari SH, Pourhossainy MR, Khonakdar HA. Alteration of matrix curing characteristics and its role in extension of hydrodynamic equation for predicting viscoelastic properties of nitrile rubber/silica nanocomposites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khabiri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; PO Box 11155-4563 Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Jafari
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; PO Box 11155-4563 Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourhossainy
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Processes; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; PO Box 15875-1774 Tehran Iran
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Department of Polymer Processing; Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute; Tehran 14965-115 Iran
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27
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Sarkar P, Bhowmick AK. Terpene-Based Sustainable Elastomers: Vulcanization and Reinforcement Characteristics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Preetom Sarkar
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Rubber Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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28
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Choi SS, Kwon HM, Kim Y, Ko E, Lee KS. Hybrid factors influencing wet grip and rolling resistance properties of solution styrene-butadiene rubber composites. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyuk-Min Kwon
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yeowool Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Eunah Ko
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul Korea
| | - Ki-Suk Lee
- Research and Development Division; Hyundai Motor Group; Gyeonggi-do Korea
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29
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Khabiri M, Jafari SH, Pourhossaini MR, Khonakdar HA. Investigations on matrix network characteristics in NBR/silica nanocomposites: Resolving matrix bulk density and network molecular weight and their alterations due to filler-curing agent interactions. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khabiri
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; PO Box 11155-4563, Tehran Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Jafari
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering; University of Tehran; PO Box 11155-4563, Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pourhossaini
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Processes; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; PO Box 15875-1774, Tehran Iran
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30
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Li S, Mao Y, Ploehn HJ. Mechanical reinforcement in magadiite/styrene-butadiene rubber composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeng Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
| | - Yating Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
| | - Harry J. Ploehn
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
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31
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Mao Y, Li S, Fang RL, Ploehn HJ. Magadiite/styrene-butadiene rubber composites for tire tread applications: Effects of varying layer spacing and alternate inorganic fillers. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
| | - Shigeng Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
| | - Randy L. Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
| | - Harry J. Ploehn
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of South Carolina; Columbia South Carolina 29208
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33
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Thongnuanchan B, Ninjan R, Nakason C. Acetoacetoxy functionalized natural rubber latex capable of forming cross-linkable film under ambient conditions. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-016-0497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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A Study on Surface Treatment for Rubber Materials with Low Friction Factor. ELASTOMERS AND COMPOSITES 2016. [DOI: 10.7473/ec.2016.51.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Formela K, Klein M, Colom X, Saeb MR. Investigating the combined impact of plasticizer and shear force on the efficiency of low temperature reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR). Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Impact of Hydrolyzed Whey Protein on the Molecular Interactions and Cross-Linking Density in Whey Protein Isolate-Based Films. INT J POLYM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/3723758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the amount of hydrolyzed WPI (h-WPI) in WPI-based films on the technofunctional properties and structure of the films has not hitherto been systematically researched. The main objective of this study was therefore to explore the quantitative and qualitative molecular interactions and structures of these films. Different buffer systems were used for the solubility studies to obtain information about the qualitative molecular interactions. Swelling studies were performed to provide qualitative statements about the WPI network. In addition, the cross-linking density (CLD) of the WPI-based films was derived from the swelling tests. The measurements showed that increasing the h-WPI content decreases the CLD significantly. The CLD values of films with 0% and 50% h-WPI content were1.61·10-4 mol·cm−3and0.25·10-4 mol·cm−3. The study indicates that noncovalent interactions have more influence on barrier properties than the cross-linking density through disulphide bonds. In general, the results of the swelling tests correlated with the solubility studies.
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37
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Song L, Li Z, Chen L, Zhou H, Lu A, Li L. The effect of bound rubber on vulcanization kinetics in silica filled silicone rubber. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20063j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Different filler networks mediated by bound rubber show obviously different effects on vulcanization kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhanhong Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Liang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Hanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites and Functional Materials
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
- China
| | - Ai Lu
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621900
- China
| | - Liangbin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Synchrotron Radiation Lab
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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38
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Design and preparation of natural layered silicate/bio-based elastomer nanocomposites with improved dispersion and interfacial interaction. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Influence of Extender Oil on Properties of Solution Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites. ELASTOMERS AND COMPOSITES 2015. [DOI: 10.7473/ec.2015.50.3.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Liu G, Hoch M, Liu S, Kulbaba K, Qiu G. Quantitative exploration of the swelling response for carbon black filled hydrogenated nitrile rubber with three-dimensional solubility parameters. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1383-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Diaz R, Diani J, Gilormini P. Physical interpretation of the Mullins softening in a carbon-black filled SBR. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Lee DH, Kim KT, Jang Y, Lee S, Jeon HB, Paik HJ, Min BS, Kim W. 1,2,3-triazole crosslinked polymers as binders for solid rocket propellants. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pusan National University; Gumjung-Gu Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Kwangwoon University, Wolgye-Dong; Nowon-Gu Seoul 139-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Jang
- Department of Chemistry; Kwangwoon University, Wolgye-Dong; Nowon-Gu Seoul 139-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Sookyeong Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Pusan National University; Gumjung-Gu Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Bae Jeon
- Department of Chemistry; Kwangwoon University, Wolgye-Dong; Nowon-Gu Seoul 139-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; Pusan National University; Gumjung-Gu Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Sun Min
- Advanced Propulsion Technology Center; Agency for Defense Development; Yuseong Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonho Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pusan National University; Gumjung-Gu Busan 609-735 Republic of Korea
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43
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Saeb MR, Ramezani-Dakhel H, Khonakdar HA, Heinrich G, Wagenknecht U. A comparative study on curing characteristics and thermomechanical properties of elastomeric nanocomposites: The effects of eggshell and calcium carbonate nanofillers. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Díez J, Barral L, Bellas R, López J, Ramírez C, Rodríguez A. Exfoliated/intercalated silicate/hot styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposites: Structure–properties relationship. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Díez
- Departamento de Física, E.U.P., Universidad de A Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - L. Barral
- Departamento de Física, E.U.P., Universidad de A Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - R. Bellas
- Departamento de Física, E.U.P., Universidad de A Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - J. López
- Departamento de Física, E.U.P., Universidad de A Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - C. Ramírez
- Departamento de Física, E.U.P., Universidad de A Coruña, Avda. 19 de Febrero s/n, 15405 Ferrol, Spain
| | - A. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química y Tecnología de Elastómeros, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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45
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Mansilla MA, Silva L, Salgueiro W, Marzocca AJ, Somoza A. A study about the structure of vulcanized natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber blends and the glass transition behavior. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Schlögl S, Temel A, Schaller R, Holzner A, Kern W. Characteristics of the photochemical prevulcanization in a falling film photoreactor. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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47
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Benguergoura H, Moulay S. Styrene-butadiene rubber membranes for the pervaporative separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixtures. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Devulcanization of Waste Tire Rubber Vulcanizate through a Mechanochemical Pan Milling at Ambient Temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The partially devulcanization of waste tire rubber vulcanizate was carried out with the newly developed mechanochemical pan mill, which can exert fairly strong compressing and shearing force on the milling materials and avoid the agglomeration phenomenon. The experimental results indicate that the particle size is greatly reduced and the surface is fluffier, crosslink density is reduced to one half without large degradation and heavy damage of rubber backbones. The study of mechanical properties of revulcanizate of SBR and waste tire rubber blends at 1:1 ratio indicates that elongation at break increased from 302% to 447.6%. But the properties of tensile strength, modulus and hardness are reduced. The mechanochemical pan milling process is a simple, low cost and environmental-benign process for waste tire rubber devulcanization at ambient temperature without any use of chemicals and can be used at commercial-scale.
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49
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Díez J, Barral L, Bellas R, Bouza R, López J, Marco C, Ellis G. Microstructure, morphology, and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber/organoclay nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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50
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Salgueiro W, Somoza A, Marzocca AJ, Torriani I, Mansilla MA. A SAXS and swelling study of cured natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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