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Yoo YC, Kim NY, Shin S, Yang Y, Jun JH, Oh JE, Kim MH. Anti-Proliferative Effects of Lidocaine as an Autophagy Inducer in Bladder Cancer via Intravesical Instillation: In Vitro and Xenograft Mouse Model Experiments. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1267. [PMID: 38610945 PMCID: PMC11010986 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lidocaine exerts potential anti-tumor effects on various cancer cell lines, and its intravesical instillation is considered safer than intravenous administration for bladder cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-tumor effects have not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to elucidate the anti-tumor molecular mechanisms of lidocaine in bladder cancer cells and a xenograft model to substantiate the efficacy of its intravesical administration. We investigated the anti-proliferative and autophagyinducing activities of lidocaine in Nara Bladder Tumor No. 2 (NBT-II) rat bladder carcinoma cells using cell viability, flow cytometry, a wound healing assay, and western blotting. We also established a xenograft mouse model of bladder cancer, and cancer growth was examined using in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Lidocaine decreased cell viability, induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, and inhibited cell migration partially via glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylation. Moreover, a combination of lidocaine and SB216763 (a GSK3β inhibitor) suppressed autophagy-related protein expression. Bafilomycin-A1 with lidocaine significantly enhanced microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain (LC3B) expression; however, it decreased LC3B expression in combination with 3-methyladenine compared to lidocaine alone. In the xenograft mouse model, the bladder cancer volume was reduced by lidocaine. Overall, lidocaine exerts anti-proliferative effects on bladder cancer via an autophagy-inducing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Yoo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (N.-Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Na-Young Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (N.-Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Seokyung Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.Y.); (N.-Y.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Yunil Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Eonju-ro 211, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju Eun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myoung Hwa Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Eonju-ro 211, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea;
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Soorojebally Y, Neuzillet Y, Lebret T, Allory Y, Descotes F, Ferlicot S, Kassab-Chahmi D, Lamy PJ, Oudard S, Rébillard X, Roy C, Roumiguié M, Rouprêt M, Audenet F. Photodynamic cystoscopy for bladder cancer diagnosis and for NMIBC follow-up: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Prog Urol 2023; 33:307-318. [PMID: 37088584 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, bladder cancer detection is based on cytology and cystoscopy. White light cystoscopy (WLC) is an invasive procedure and may under-detect flat lesions. Blue light cystoscopy (BLC) and narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy are new modalities that could improve the detection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and its recurrence or progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer. We present a systematic review on BLC and NBI cystoscopy for bladder cancer diagnosis and NMIBC follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS All available systematic reviews and meta-analyses on cystoscopy published in PubMed® between May 2010 and March 2021 were identified and reviewed. The main endpoints were clinical performance for bladder cancer diagnosis and for recurrence or progression detection during NMIBC follow-up, and additional value compared with cytology and/or WLC. RESULTS Most of the meta-analyses and systematic reviews published suggest a better sensitivity of BLC and NBI cystoscopy compared to WLC, particularly for the detection of flat lesions (CIS). NBI- and BLC-guided TURBT could decrease the recurrence rates. However, their clinical utility to reduce progression rate and increase survival is still unclear. CONCLUSIONS BLC and NBI cystoscopy are efficient techniques for bladder cancer diagnosis and NMIBC follow-up. However, their clinical benefit remains to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Soorojebally
- Department of urology, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Y Neuzillet
- Department of urology, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - T Lebret
- Department of urology, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Y Allory
- Department of pathology, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - F Descotes
- Biochemistry, biology and pathology centre South, Hospices civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - S Ferlicot
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Hôpital de Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | | | - P-J Lamy
- Biopathologie et génétique des cancers, Institut médical d'analyse génomique, Imagenome, Inovie, Montpellier, France
| | - S Oudard
- Department of medical oncology, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - X Rébillard
- Urology Department, Beausoleil Private Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - C Roy
- Department of radiology B, Strasbourg University Hospital - New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Roumiguié
- Department of urology, andrology and renal transplantation, CHU Rangueil, Paul-Sabatier University, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - M Rouprêt
- Sorbonne University, GRC 5 predictive Onco-Uro, Urology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - F Audenet
- Department of urology, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP.Centre, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Tang X, Zhang M, Li Z, Hu X, Zhang M, Wang X, Yan Y. Tumor stemness score to estimate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) characterization and to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:15. [PMID: 36721217 PMCID: PMC9890713 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of investigations have suggested a close link between cancer stem cells (CSCs), epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the relationships between these physiological processes in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) remain unclear. METHODS We first explored biomarkers of tumor stemness (TS) by single-cell sequencing analysis. Then, subtypes of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) were identified using clustering analysis based on TS biomarkers. The TS score was constructed using principal component analysis to quantify tumor stemness in BLCA. Then, meta-analysis was performed to measure the hazard ratio of the TS score in BLCA cohorts. Moreover, we evaluated the clinical value of the TS score for predicting the response to tumor immunotherapy using immunotherapy cohorts. Finally, we built an EMT cell model by treating T24 cells with TGF-β and validated the relationship between the TS score and the EMT process in tumors by real-time quantitative PCR, cell invasion assays, and RNA-seq. In total, 3846 BLCA cells, 6 cell lines, 1627 BLCA samples, and 9858 samples from 32 other types of tumors were included in our study. RESULTS Three TS clusters and two TS-related gene clusters were identified with differential EMT activity status, CSC features, and TME characteristics in BLCA. Then, a TS scoring system was established with 61 TS-related genes to quantify the TS. The prognostic value of the TS score was then confirmed in multiple independent cohorts. A high TS score was associated with high EMT activity, CSC characteristics, high stromal cell content, high TP53 mutation rate, poor prognosis, and high tumor immunotherapy tolerance. The cell line experiment and RNA-seq further validated that our TS score can reflect the EMT and CSC characterization of tumor cells. CONCLUSION Overall, this research provides a better understanding of tumor invasion and metastasis mechanisms through an analysis of TS patterns with different EMT processes and CSC characteristics. The TS score provides an index for EMT and CSC research and helps clinicians develop treatment plans and predict outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Tang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Menghan Zhang
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Research Ward, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Xi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015 China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, 100015 China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015 China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Choi J, Jung TY, Kim JH, Maeng S, Kang SJ, Kim M, Choi YW, Choi SY, Kim SH, Chang IH. Efficacy of recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin containing dltA in in vivo three-dimensional bio-printed bladder cancer-on-a-chip and ex vivo orthotopic mouse model. Investig Clin Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joongwon Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | | | - Jung Hoon Kim
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Sejung Maeng
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jeong Kang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirinae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Young Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - In Ho Chang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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LogP of N-acyl-gemcitabine and lectin-corona emerge as key parameters in nanoparticulate intravesical cancer therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 180:106330. [PMID: 36379358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
After surgical removal of the tumour tissue, bladder cancer is treated by intravesical instillation of cytotoxic drugs such as gemcitabine. Gemcitabine, however, is highly hydrophilic and possesses a short half-life due to fast enzymatic deamination. Additionally, continuous dilution by urine, a hardly permeable urothelial barrier and rapid excretion by urination make therapy difficult. To modify lipophilicity of the drug, N-acyl-gemcitabine derivatives with quite different solubility and logP were synthesized, purified and characterized. The loading of PLGA nanoparticles with the N-acyl-gemcitabine derivatives followed by release in artificial urine, revealed that the drug content increases but the subsequent release decreases with lipophilicity. Additionally, acylation increased cytotoxicity and opened passive diffusion as an additional pathway into cancer cells. To address physiological constraints, the surface of the monodisperse nanoparticles was grafted with bioadhesive wheat germ agglutinin. Cytoadhesion to artificial bladder cancer tissue and even uptake into the cells as indicated by microscopic imaging are expected to prolong the retention time in the bladder cavity as well as to promote uptake into the cells. By using N-caprylic-gemcitabine as most appropriate gemcitabine-derivative for drug loading and making use of the bioadhesive characteristics of wheat germ agglutinin for grafting the corona of PLGA-nanoparticles, an innovative strategy towards smart drug delivery for instillative therapy of bladder cancer is proposed.
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Igami K, Uchiumi T, Shiota M, Ueda S, Tsukahara S, Akimoto M, Eto M, Kang D. Extracellular vesicles expressing CEACAM proteins in the urine of bladder cancer patients. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3120-3133. [PMID: 35611462 PMCID: PMC9459299 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection and long‐term monitoring are important for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Urine cytology and existing markers have insufficient diagnostic performance. Here, we examined medium‐sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) in urine to identify specific markers for UCB and evaluated their usefulness as diagnostic material. To identify specific markers in urinary EVs derived from UCB, we undertook shotgun proteomics using urine from four UCB patients and four healthy subjects. Next, 29 healthy specimens, 18 noncancer specimens, and 33 UCB specimens, all from men, were analyzed for urinary EVs by flow cytometry to evaluate the diagnostic performance of UCB‐specific EVs. Nanoparticle‐tracking analysis indicated that the size of EVs extracted from urine was mostly <400 nm. By shotgun proteomics, we detected several proteins characteristic of UCB and found that carcinoembryonic antigen‐related adhesion molecule (CEACAM) proteins were increased in patients. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the degree of expression of CEACAM1, CEACAM5, and CEACAM6 proteins on the surface of EVs varied among patients. Extracellular vesicles expressing CEACAM proteins also expressed mucin 1, suggesting that they were derived from tumorigenic uroepithelial cells. The number of EVs expressing CEACAM1, 5, and 6 proteins was significantly increased in UCB (mean ± SD, 8.6 ± 13%) compared to non‐UCB (0.69 ± 0.46) and healthy (0.46 ± 0.34) by flow cytometry. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed a good score of area under the ROC curve of 0.907. We identified EVs that specifically express CEACAM proteins in urine and have potential for diagnostic applications. These EVs are potential targets in a new liquid biopsy test for UCB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Igami
- Business Management Division, Clinical Laboratory Business Segment, LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.,Kyushu Pro Search Limited Liability Partnership, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Saori Ueda
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Tsukahara
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Akimoto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Liu D, Wang S, Wang J. The effect of CT high-resolution imaging diagnosis based on deep residual network on the pathology of bladder cancer classification and staging. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 215:106635. [PMID: 35063711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To study the high-resolution CT image based on deep residual network to efficiently and accurately predict the staging diagnosis of bladder tumors. METHODS The image was processed with super-resolution to restore the missing details of the image. The CT data of 75 bladder patients who were treated in our hospital from June to December 2013 were collected. And obtain the patient's classification and staging information through pathology, which is used to establish a model of ResNet structure combined with non-Local attention mechanism. The clinical data of 76 patients with bladder disease admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to August 2021 were randomly selected, and the imaging and accuracy of CT diagnosis were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS 52 cases were diagnosed <T1 stage, 16 cases belonged to T2 stage, 2 cases T3 stage, and 2 cases T4 stage. The sensitivity rate of experimental diagnosis was 94.74%, which was not significantly different from the sensitivity rate of preoperative pathological diagnosis. CONCLUSION CT based on deep residual network has high application value in the diagnosis and staging of bladder cancer, can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy, and is worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Liu
- Department of Urology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004 China
| | - Shubao Wang
- Department of Pathology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004 China.
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Chen JQ, Salas LA, Wiencke JK, Koestler DC, Molinaro AM, Andrew AS, Seigne JD, Karagas MR, Kelsey KT, Christensen BC. Immune profiles and DNA methylation alterations related with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer outcomes. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:14. [PMID: 35063012 PMCID: PMC8783448 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01234-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients receive frequent monitoring because ≥ 70% will have recurrent disease. However, screening is invasive, expensive, and associated with significant morbidity making bladder cancer the most expensive cancer to treat per capita. There is an urgent need to expand the understanding of markers related to recurrence and survival outcomes of NMIBC. METHODS AND RESULTS We used the Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC array to measure peripheral blood DNA methylation profiles of NMIBC patients (N = 603) enrolled in a population-based cohort study in New Hampshire and applied cell type deconvolution to estimate immune cell-type proportions. Using Cox proportional hazard models, we identified that increasing CD4T and CD8T cell proportions were associated with a statistically significant decreased hazard of tumor recurrence or death (CD4T: HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97-1.00; CD8T: HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.95-1.00), whereas increasing monocyte proportion and methylation-derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (mdNLR) were associated with the increased hazard of tumor recurrence or death (monocyte: HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.00-1.07; mdNLR: HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.04-1.20). Then, using an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) approach adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, BCG treatment status, and immune cell profiles, we identified 2528 CpGs associated with the hazard of tumor recurrence or death (P < 0.005). Among these CpGs, the 1572 were associated with an increased hazard and were significantly enriched in open sea regions; the 956 remaining CpGs were associated with a decreased hazard and were significantly enriched in enhancer regions and DNase hypersensitive sites. CONCLUSIONS Our results expand on the knowledge of immune profiles and methylation alteration associated with NMIBC outcomes and represent a first step toward the development of DNA methylation-based biomarkers of tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - Lucas A Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Angeline S Andrew
- Department of Neurology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - John D Seigne
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Departments of Epidemiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA.
- Departments of Molecular and Systems Biology, and Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 03766, USA.
- Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Dr, 660 Williamson Translation Research Building, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA.
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Kim JH, Choi J, Kim M, Kang SJ, Choi YW, Choi SY, Kim SH, Chang IH. Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant Bacillus Calmette–Guérin containing sic gene in ex vivo and in vivo bladder cancer models. Investig Clin Urol 2022; 63:228-237. [PMID: 35244998 PMCID: PMC8902430 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20210425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The recombinant Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) containing the streptococcal inhibitor of the complement gene (rBCG-sic) may be more resistant to antimicrobial peptides and improve internalization; therefore, it can enhance the immunotherapeutic effect of the BCG. Here we determined the optimal dose of rBCG-sic and compared its effectiveness with that of BCG. Materials and Methods We fabricated a high-throughput 3D-bioprinted bladder cancer-on-a-chip (BCOC) and used it to evaluate the effectiveness of the rBCG-sic in terms of cell viability, cell migration, and cytokine concentrations. Using an orthotopic mouse model, we evaluated its anticancer effect and toxicity via bioluminescence imaging. Results T24 cell viability was decreased after treatment with rBCG-sic 30 multiplicities of infection (MOI) versus the same dosage of mock BCG (42.8%±6.4% vs. 75.7%±6.6%, p<0.05). THP-1 cell migration was positively correlated with rBCG-sic concentration (2.42-fold at 30MOI, p<0.01). The interleukin-6 concentration of rBCG-sic 30MOI was significantly higher than that of mock BCG 30MOI (11.2±1.3 pg/mL vs. 6.7±0.6 pg/mL, p<0.05). In the orthotopic bladder cancer mouse model, lower tumor volume was observed in the rBCG-sic 30MOI group than in the BCG 30MOI group after 10 days of treatment (p<0.05). Conclusions We concluded that rBCG-sic is a useful tool for overcoming BCG unresponsiveness in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Additionally, high-throughput BCOC with a microfluidic system can successfully reflect the bladder cancer microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hoon Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongwon Choi
- Department of Urology, VHS Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirinae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jeong Kang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Wook Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Young Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - In Ho Chang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Liao Y, Tang H, Wang M, Wang K, Wang Y, Jiang N. The potential diagnosis role of TP53 mutation in advanced bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23765. [PMID: 33780049 PMCID: PMC8128305 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is one of the most common urological cancers all over the world, and NMIBC occupies almost 80% of recently diagnosed bladder cancer cases. Progress and recurrence of bladder cancer are the main problems during the disease. The level of TP53 mutation is obviously higher in the high stage than the lower. This meta-analysis is to evaluate the potential diagnosis feature of TP53 mutation by the expression of TP53 mutation of Ta stage vs high stage in bladder cancer. METHODS A systematic search of databases was conducted, and some relevant articles were selected. Next, the meta-analysis was carried out according to the standard guidelines. RESULTS There were seven researches in which 677 participants were selected at the basis of inclusion standard. TP53 mutation was associated highly with increased diagnosis of bladder cancer. We found that the high stage of bladder cancer has obviously higher level of TP53 mutation than the lower stage, and these patients of MIBC have higher expression of TP53 mutation compared with NMIBC. No significant publication bias has been observed in this meta-analysis. The expression of TP53 mutation might be a diagnose-related biomarker for lots of patients with bladder cancer. CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis provided further evidences that the expression of TP53 mutation was associated with the diagnosis efficiency of advanced bladder cancer. Higher expression of TP53 mutation was observed in the high stage of bladder cancer or the MIBC, and lower expression of TP53 mutation in the Ta stage of bladder cancer or the NMIBC. The expression level of TP53 mutation was probably a critical diagnosed biomarker in advanced bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Liao
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiqin Tang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Keke Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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11
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Abd Elwahab KM, Desky EAE, Eldery MS, Mohammad FF, Seleem MM, El-Babouly IM. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value can Predict Poor Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Responders in T1HG/NMIBC: Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2021; 19:e248-e254. [PMID: 33839041 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediction of recurrence and progression and the choice of type of management are largely based on stage and grade; however, these prognostic features are limited in the prediction of clinical outcomes. The objective was to investigate the relation between the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and recurrence and progression of T1G3 of urothelial carcinoma after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study included 65 patients with single bladder mass T1G3 less than 3 cm without carcinoma in situ or lymphovascular invasion. Mean ADC values of the tumors were compared between patients with and without recurrence and progression following TURBT. The relation of ADC value and other factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. The following tests were used to test differences for significance: difference and association of qualitative variable by χ2 test; differences between quantitative independent groups by t-test or Mann-Whitney U test; survival by Kaplan-Meier; Cox regression (or Cox proportional hazards model) was used to analyze the effect of several risk factors on time until event (recurrence and progression); correlation by Pearson or Spearman, and we calculated the most suitable cutoff and validity by receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS In relation to recurrence, smoking, nonpapillary shape and higher size, and lower ADC were significant predictors for recurrence. In relation to progression, female sex, nonpapillary shape, and lower ADC were significant predictors for progression. Multivariate analysis showed that ADC < 1.09 was the only significant independent predictors for recurrence. Also, it showed that ADC < 0.98 was the only significant independent predictors for progression. CONCLUSION Low ADC value group of T1G3 bladder cancer showed significant recurrence and progression than high ADC value group of T1G3 bladder cancer. ADC value in conjunction with other risk stratifications will have a promising role in stratifying patients with T1G3 who need to proceed to early radical cystectomy versus conservative treatment.
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12
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Grimberg DC, Shah A, Tan WP, Etienne W, Spasojevic I, Inman BA. Hyperthermia Improves Solubility of Intravesical Chemotherapeutic Agents. Bladder Cancer 2020; 6:461-470. [PMID: 36118287 PMCID: PMC9441059 DOI: 10.3233/blc-200350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nearly 70% of all new cases of bladder cancer are non-muscle invasive disease, the treatment for which includes transurethral resection followed by intravesical therapy. Unfortunately, recurrence rates approach 50% in part due to poor intravesical drug delivery. Hyperthermia is frequently used as an adjunct to intravesical chemotherapy to improve drug delivery and response to treatment. OBJECTIVE: To assess the solubility profile of intravesical chemotherapies under varying conditions of pH and temperature. METHODS: Using microplate laser nephelometry we measured the solubility of three intravesical chemotherapy agents (mitomycin C, gemcitabine, and cisplatin) at varying physical conditions. Drugs were assessed at room temperature (23°C), body temperature (37°C), and 43°C, the temperature used for hyperthermic intravesical treatments. To account for variations in urine pH, solubility was also investigated at pH 4.00, 6.00, and 8.00. RESULTS: Heat incrementally increased the solubility of all three drugs studied. Conversely, pH largely did not impact solubility aside for gemcitabine which showed slightly reduced solubility at pH 8.00 versus 6.00 or 4.00. Mitomycin C at the commonly used 2.0 mg/mL was insoluble at room temperature, but soluble at both 37 and 43°C. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperthermia as an adjunct to intravesical treatment would improve drug solubility, and likely drug delivery as some current regimens are insoluble without heat. Improvements in solubility also allow for testing of alternative administration regimens to improve drug delivery or tolerability. Further studies are needed to confirm that improvements in solubility result in increased drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic C. Grimberg
- Division of Urology, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ankeet Shah
- Division of Urology, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wei Phin Tan
- Division of Urology, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wiguins Etienne
- Division of Urology, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Spasojevic
- Department of Medicine, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brant A. Inman
- Division of Urology, Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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13
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Koch GE, Smelser WW, Chang SS. Side Effects of Intravesical BCG and Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer: What They Are and How to Manage Them. Urology 2020; 149:11-20. [PMID: 33181123 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intravesical therapy for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer decreases recurrence and progression but carries a high risk of side effects, which limit patient adherence. Appropriate management of the toxicities from intravesical therapy requires consideration of the agent used, the side effects experienced, and the timing of those side effects. Management strategies for intravesical toxicities ideally improve patient tolerance without sacrificing oncologic outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence regarding the side effects of intravesical therapies for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer and to propose practical strategies for toxicity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Koch
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Woodson W Smelser
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sam S Chang
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
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14
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Xu X, Liu K, Jiao B, Luo K, Ren J, Zhang G, Yu Q, Gan Z. Mucoadhesive nanoparticles based on ROS activated gambogic acid prodrug for safe and efficient intravesical instillation chemotherapy of bladder cancer. J Control Release 2020; 324:493-504. [PMID: 32243980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the standard of care for bladder cancer after transurethral resection of the tumor. However, the rapid excretion of clinically used formulations of anticancer drugs make the common intravesical instillation chemotherapy far from efficient. Therefore, improving the muco-adhesion and penetrability of chemotherapeutic drugs became the key factors in the post-surgery treatment of superficial bladder cancers. Here, a reduction sensitive vehicle was developed to deliver the reactive oxygen species activated prodrug of gambogic acid for treatment of orthotopic bladder cancer. The positively charged chitosan can significantly enhance the adhesion and permeability of prodrug within the bladder wall. Moreover, by utilizing the different glutathione and ROS level between cancer cells and normal cells, the dual responsive nanoparticle can selectively and rapidly deliver drug in bladder cancer cells, and thus can significantly inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells in an orthotopic superficial bladder cancer model without causing damage to normal cells. This work demonstrates that the smart prodrug nanomedicine may act as a promising drug-delivery system for local chemotherapy of bladder cancer with unprecedented clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kunpeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Binbin Jiao
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Kejun Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Ren
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guan Zhang
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; Peking University China-Japan Friendship School Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Qingsong Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Zhihua Gan
- The State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China.
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15
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Xu S, Tan S, Wu T, Gu J, Xu L, Che X. The value of transurethral thulium laser en bloc resection combined with a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation of pirarubicin in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1695-1701. [PMID: 31970565 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate which patients might benefit from a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation (SII) compared to maintenance intravesical instillations (MII) in primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumors (ERBT). A total of 141 patients with primary NMIBC who underwent ERBT with thulium laser between January 2012 and May 2016 were retrospectively enrolled. All the patients were categorized into two groups based on the duration of postoperative intravesical instillation of pirarubicin (THP): single intravesical instillation (SII) group, patients received a single immediate postoperative intravesical instillation of THP (30 mg), and maintenance intravesical instillations (MII) group, patients received a 1-year MII of THP (30 mg). Prognosis and recurrence data of each group were analyzed. One hundred and four (73.8%) patients received MII, and other 37 (26.2%) patients received SII. There was no significant difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) between the two groups (P = 0.105). Following recurrence risk-stratified analysis, patients with high recurrence risk who accepted SII had a significantly lower RFS rate than those who received MII (P = 0.027). However, there were no significant differences in RFS rate between the two groups in patients with low and intermediate recurrence risk. In the multivariate analysis, the number of tumors was found to be an independent prognostic factor for RFS in NMIBC patients [hazard ratio, 5.665; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.577-12.454; P < 0.001]. SII seems not to be inferior to MII in patients with initial low-risk and intermediate-risk NMIBC after ERBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Shaoying Tan
- Department of Nursing, Haikou Fourth People's Hospital, No. 65, Yehai Road, Qiongshan District, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Tingming Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Xianping Che
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 368, Yehai Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 570311, China.
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16
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Fu L, Zhang J, Li L, Yang Y, Yuan Y. Diagnostic accuracy of urinary survivin mRNA expression detected by RT-PCR compared with urine cytology in the detection of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy in head-to-head studies. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1165-1174. [PMID: 31966046 PMCID: PMC6955656 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a promising marker for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. The accuracy and clinical value of urinary survivin mRNA expression were compared with urine cytology, which is the standard diagnostic method for bladder cancer. Scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched in order to find studies that examined urinary survivin mRNA expression and urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Quality assessment was performed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool in Revman 5.3 and data analysis was conducted using Stata/MP. The I2 statistic was used to evaluate heterogeneity and Deeks' funnel plot was generated to assess the possibility of publication bias. A total of 15 studies that evaluated a total of 1,624 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity values for the detection of urinary survivin mRNA expression in the diagnosis of bladder cancer were 0.86 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81-0.90] and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93-0.96), respectively. Regarding urine cytology, the pooled sensitivity and specificity values were 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36-0.48) and 1.00 (95% CI, 0.98-1.00), respectively. Furthermore, the differences in pooled sensitivity were statistically significant in the diagnosis of grade 1 and 2 bladder tumors. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve values for urinary survivin mRNA expression and urine cytology were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93-0.97) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83-0.89), respectively. Urinary survivin mRNA expression was also more accurate compared with other diagnostic indicators, including positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios and Youden's index. Compared with traditional urine cytology, urinary survivin mRNA detection using reverse transcription-PCR was identified to be more effective in the diagnosis of early bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Fu
- Clinical Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Yuxing Yang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
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17
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Zhang W, Mao S, Shi D, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Wu Y, Wang R, Wang L, Huang Y, Yao X. MicroRNA-153 Decreases Tryptophan Catabolism and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Bladder Cancer by Targeting Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1. Front Oncol 2019; 9:619. [PMID: 31355138 PMCID: PMC6636202 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer deaths, warranting further investigation. This study assessed microRNA-153 (miR-153) expression in bladder cancer tissues and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-153-mediated regulation of bladder cancer cells. Methods: Paired tissue specimens from 45 bladder cancer patients were collected for qRT-PCR. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to identify associations of miR-153 with bladder cancer prognosis. Bladder cancer tissues and immortalized cell lines were used for the following experiments: miR-153 mimics and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) siRNA transfection; Western blot, cell viability, colony formation, and Transwell analyses; nude mouse xenograft; and chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis (CAM) assays. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were co-cultured with bladder cancer cells for the tube formation assay. The luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm miR-153-targeting genes. Results: miR-153 expression was downregulated in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines, and reduced miR-153 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage and poor overall survival of patients. Moreover, miR-153 expression inhibited bladder cancer cell growth by promoting tumor cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and endothelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and tumor xenograft growth in vivo, while miR-153 expression suppressed HUVEC and CAM angiogenesis. At the gene level, miR-153 targeted IDO1 expression and inhibited bladder cancer cell tryptophan metabolism through inhibiting IL6/STAT3/VEGF signaling. Conclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that miR-153 exerts anti-tumor activity in bladder cancer by targeting IDO1 expression. Future studies will investigate miR-153 as a novel therapeutic target for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Clinical College, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyu Mao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Shi
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Wuzhong, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Clinical College, Hefei, China
| | - Ruiliang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longsheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Medical University, Shanghai Clinical College, Hefei, China
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18
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Rodriguez D, Goulart C, Pagliarone AC, Silva EP, Cunegundes PS, Nascimento IP, Borra RC, Dias WO, Tagliabue A, Boraschi D, Leite LCC. In vitro Evidence of Human Immune Responsiveness Shows the Improved Potential of a Recombinant BCG Strain for Bladder Cancer Treatment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1460. [PMID: 31297119 PMCID: PMC6607967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The live attenuated mycobacterial strain BCG, in use as vaccine against tuberculosis, is considered the gold standard for primary therapy of carcinoma in situ of the bladder. Despite its limitations, to date it has not been surpassed by any other treatment. Our group has developed a recombinant BCG strain expressing the detoxified S1 pertussis toxin (rBCG-S1PT) that proved more effective than wild type BCG (WT-BCG) in increasing survival time in an experimental mouse model of bladder cancer, due to the well-known adjuvant properties of pertussis toxin. Here, we investigated the capacity of rBCG-S1PT to stimulate human immune responses, in comparison to WT-BCG, using an in vitro stimulation assay based on human whole blood cells that allows for a comprehensive evaluation of leukocyte activation. Blood leukocytes stimulated with rBCG-S1PT produced increased levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 as compared to WT-BCG, but comparable levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Stimulation of blood cells with the recombinant BCG strain also enhanced the expression of CD25 and CD69 on human CD4+ T cells. PBMC stimulated with rBCG-S1PT induced higher cytotoxicity to MB49 bladder cancer cells than WT-BCG-stimulated PBMC. These results suggest that the rBCG-S1PT strain is able to activate an immune response in human leukocytes that is higher than that induced by WT-BCG for parameters linked to better prognosis in bladder cancer (regulation of immune and early inflammatory responses), while fully comparable to WT-BCG for classical inflammatory parameters. This establishes rBCG-S1PT as a new highly effective candidate as immunotherapeutic agent against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunia Rodriguez
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cibelly Goulart
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C Pagliarone
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane P Silva
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP-I.Butantan-IPT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila S Cunegundes
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia USP-I.Butantan-IPT, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan P Nascimento
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C Borra
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Waldely O Dias
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Tagliabue
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Diana Boraschi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana C C Leite
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Huang D, Jin YH, Weng H, Huang Q, Zeng XT, Wang XH. Combination of Intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin and Chemotherapy vs. Bacille Calmette-Guérin Alone in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:121. [PMID: 30881921 PMCID: PMC6405446 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: About 75% of newly diagnosed bladder cancer cases suffer from non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), which used to recur and progress despite transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). This meta-analysis was conducted to examine if combined application of intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) with chemotherapy is associated with better prognosis. Methods: Systematic searches of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning NMIBC were performed in PubMed, EMbase, CENTRAL, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM databases, and some specialized websites. Two researchers independently implemented study selection, quality assessment and data extraction. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for treatment effects on recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) were directly extracted, if available, or estimated using relevant data from included studies. Side effects, such as fever, gastrointestinal reaction, cystitis, irritative bladder symptoms and hematuria, were also extracted as outcome measurements, and associated relative risks (RRs) were calculated to assess treatment safety. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform statistical analyses. Results: Thirteen RCTs containing 1,754 patients with NMIBC were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with BCG alone, the combination therapy significantly improved RFS (HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.43-0.66, P < 0.01), OS (HR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.50-0.86, P = 0.002), and DSS (HR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.29-0.80, P = 0.005). While PFS showed no obvious difference between combination therapy and BCG alone (HR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.25-1.68, P = 0.38). The rate of fever (RR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.27-0.91, P = 0.02), irritative bladder symptoms (RR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.52-0.90, P = 0.007) and hematuria (RR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.28-0.89, P = 0.02) were significantly decreased in patients treated with combination therapy compared to those with BCG alone. There were no statistically significant differences between combination therapy and BCG alone in toxicity (RR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.34-1.40, P = 0.30), gastrointestinal reaction (RR = 2.54, 95%CI: 0.61-10.60, P = 0.20) or cystitis (RR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.29-1.54, P = 0.34). Conclusions: Combined application of intravesical BCG and chemotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for patients with intermediate- to high-risk NMIBC, but not for those with tumor in situ alone or recurrent bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Jin
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Weng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Huan Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Liu Y, Wang R, Hou J, Sun B, Zhu B, Qiao Z, Su Y, Zhu X. Paclitaxel/Chitosan Nanosupensions Provide Enhanced Intravesical Bladder Cancer Therapy with Sustained and Prolonged Delivery of Paclitaxel. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1992-2001. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Ruibin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Bangshang Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiguang Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
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What to do during Bacillus Calmette–Guérin shortage? Valid strategies based on evidence. Curr Opin Urol 2018; 28:570-576. [DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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22
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Huang B, Zheng J, Yao Z, Fan W, Qiu S, Chen L, Chen J. Efficacy of intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with intravesical chemotherapy in T1G3 bladder cancer when compared with intravesical chemotherapy alone after bladder-sparing surgery: a retrospective study. World J Urol 2018; 37:823-829. [PMID: 30191393 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) combined with intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) in T1G3 bladder cancer (Bca) after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). METHODS Our study retrospectively reviewed 200 patients with T1G3 BCa who had all undergone TURBT. The patients' medical records were divided into two groups, one group only had IVC with pirarubicin after surgery, and the other group had IAC (cisplatin and epirubicin) combined with IVC after surgery. The patients were monitored regularly by urine cytology and cystoscopy. Survival and recurrence curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Tumor recurrence, progression and tumor-specific death rate were compared with Chi-square test. A multivariate analysis was carried out to find out potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 200 medical record was analyzed, 131 patients received IVC, 69 IAC + IVC treatment, tumor-specific death rate between the combined IAC and IVC compared to IVC alone was 7.25 and 17.6%, respectively (p < 0.05); the tumor recurrence rate between the two groups was 31.8% (22/69) and 44.3%, respectively (58/131) (p < 0.05), and tumor recurred later in the IAC + IVC group (p < 0.05), tumor progression rate was 18.8% (13/69) and 28.2% (37/131), respectively, with p < 0.05. Overall survival was longer in IAC + IVC group (p < 0.05). Using the multivariable regression model, IAC was significantly related to disease recurrence (p < 0.05) and overall survival (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION T1G3 BCa post-TURBT surgery patients who underwent IAC combined with IVC had a longer overall survival and increased time interval to first recurrence, lower tumor recurrence rate, progression rate and tumor-specific death rate than compared with those who only underwent IVC alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhong Shan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiabo Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhijun Yao
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Hengyang, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shaopeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhong Shan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lingwu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhong Shan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Junxing Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58 Zhong Shan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Apfelthaler C, Skoll K, Ciola R, Gabor F, Wirth M. A doxorubicin loaded colloidal delivery system for the intravesical therapy of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using wheat germ agglutinin as targeter. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 130:177-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Chen A, Fu G, Xu Z, Sun Y, Chen X, Cheng KS, Neoh KH, Tang Z, Chen S, Liu M, Huang T, Dai Y, Wang Q, Jin J, Jin B, Han RPS. Detection of Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma via Microfluidic Immunoassay and Single-Cell DNA Copy-Number Alteration Analysis of Captured Urinary-Exfoliated Tumor Cells. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4073-4085. [PMID: 29789419 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghou Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijie Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yukun Sun
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kok Suen Cheng
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuang Hong Neoh
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhewen Tang
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ming Liu
- HaploX Biotechnology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Yun Dai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qibo Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baiye Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ray P S Han
- MSE Department, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Zhuo C, Li X, Zhuang H, Tian S, Cui H, Jiang R, Liu C, Tao R, Lin X. Evaluating the efficacy and safety of intravesical chemotherapies for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a network meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82567-82579. [PMID: 27788495 PMCID: PMC5347714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Various intravesical therapies have been introduced into clinical practices for controlling non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, evidence with respect to the efficacy and safety of those intravesical therapies is very limited. Hence, we present a network meta-analysis in order to address this limitation in the current literature. The primary outcomes were the risk of tumor recurrence (TR), tumor progression (TP) and disease-specific mortality (DM). Secondary outcomes included the risk of fever, cystitis and haematuria. Conventional pair-wise and network meta-analysis were both performed for each endpoint. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was incorporated in our analysis for ranking the corresponding intravesical instillation interventions. In total, 23 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were finally included in our study after irrelevant papers were screened out. Results of network meta-analysis suggested that Epirubicin (EPI) was less preferable than Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG), BCG+EPI, BCG+ Isoniazid (INH), BCG+ Mytomicin C (MMC), Gemcitabine (GEM) and MMC with respect to TR. As suggested by the corresponding ranking probabilities and SUCRA, incorporating EPI or MMC into BCG may enhance the efficacy of BCG monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325005, China.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xubin Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30000, China
| | - Hongqing Zhuang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30000, China
| | - Shunli Tian
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Hailong Cui
- Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300075, China
| | - Ronghuan Jiang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) General Hospital; Chinese PLA (People's Liberation Army) Medical School, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Beijing Shijian Integrated Medicine Science Institute, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325005, China
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Yang X, Zhao L, Li M, Yan L, Zhang S, Mi Z, Ren L, Xu J. Lidocaine enhances the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs against bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:598. [PMID: 29330444 PMCID: PMC5766619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether lidocaine, alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, inhibits the growth of human bladder cancer cells in vitro and orthotopically transplanted bladder tumors in vivo. The effects of lidocaine (1.25, 2.5 or 5 mg/mL), mitomycin C (MMC, 0.66 mg/mL), pirarubicin (0.75 mg/mL) and Su Fu’ning lotion (SFN, 0.0625 mg/mL) on the proliferation of human bladder cancer (BIU-87) cells were studied using the MTT assay. A Balb/c nude mouse model of bladder cancer was developed by orthotopic transplantation of BIU-87 cells, and the effects of intravesical instillation of lidocaine and MMC on bladder wet weight (a measure of tumor size) and survival (over 60 days) were studied. Lidocaine inhibited proliferation of BIU-87 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and (when given in combination) enhanced the actions of each of the other antiproliferative agents. In tumor-bearing mice, MMC alone had no effect on mean survival or bladder wet weight. However, the combination of 0.66 mg/mL MMC and 5 mg/mL lidocaine prolonged survival (from 34.62 ± 6.49 to 49.30 ± 6.72 days; n = 8, P < 0.05) and reduced bladder wet weight (from 68.94 ± 53.61 to 20.26 ± 6.07; n = 8, P < 0.05). Intravesical instillation of lidocaine combined with other chemotherapeutic agents potentially could be an effective therapy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihua Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Meiping Li
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shengwan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenguo Mi
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Liansheng Ren
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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27
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Lee SW. Treatment for TaT1 Tumors. Bladder Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809939-1.00014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Single, Immediate, Postoperative Intravesical Chemotherapy. Bladder Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809939-1.00017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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30
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Radical Cystectomy (RC) with Urinary Diversion. Bladder Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809939-1.00023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Recommended oral sodium bicarbonate administration for urine alkalinization did not affect the concentration of mitomycin-C in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96117-96125. [PMID: 29221191 PMCID: PMC5707085 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Sodium bicarbonate has been reported to maximize the efficacy of intravesical instillation of mitomycin-C (IVI-MMC) therapy by urine alkalinization in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). This study aimed to analyze the changes in MMC concentration according to urinary pH and evaluate the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate to maintain the concentration of active form of MMC during IVI-MMC. Methods We prospectively enrolled 26 patients with NMIBC after transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Patients with very high-risk and low-risk NMIBC were excluded. Urinary creatinine, volume, pH, and concentrations of MMC and its degraded form were measured immediately before and after IVI-MMC. The patients were administered 1.5 g of oral sodium bicarbonate during the preceding evening, in the morning, and immediately before the fourth cycle of the six-cycle IVI-MMC. The correlation between MMC concentration and urinary pH changes was explored with or without oral bicarbonate therapy. Results Recurrence without progression to muscle-invasive disease was noted in 4 of 26 patients in a 23.7-month follow-up. The mean urinary pH before and after the therapy increased from 6.03 to 6.50, and 6.46 to 7.24, without or with oral SB therapy, respectively. Despite this increase, the concentration of active form of MMC did not change significantly. No correlation was found between urinary pH and MMC concentration. Urine alkalinization by SB administration did not maintain the high concentration of urinary MMC. Conclusions Urine alkalinization by sodium bicarbonate administration for IVI-MMC did not maintain the high concentration of active urinary MMC in NMIBC.
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Phillips RM, Hendriks HR, Sweeney JB, Reddy G, Peters GJ. Efficacy, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of apaziquone in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2017. [PMID: 28637373 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2017.1341490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apaziquone (also known as EO9 and QapzolaTM) is a prodrug that is activated to DNA damaging species by oxidoreductases (particularly NQO1) and has the ability to kill aerobic and/or hypoxic cancer cells. Areas covered: Whilst its poor pharmacokinetic properties contributed to its failure in phase II clinical trials when administered intravenously, these properties were ideal for loco-regional therapies. Apaziquone demonstrated good anti-cancer activity against non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) when administered intravesically to marker lesions and was well tolerated with no systemic side effects. However, phase III clinical trials did not reach statistical significance for the primary endpoint of 2-year recurrence in apaziquone over placebo although improvements were observed. Post-hoc analysis of the combined study data did indicate a significant benefit for patients treated with apaziquone, especially when the instillation of apaziquone was given 30 min or more after surgery. A further phase III study is ongoing to test the hypotheses generated in the unsuccessful phase III studies conducted to date. Expert opinion: Because of its specific pharmacological properties, Apaziquone is excellently suited for local therapy such as NMIBC. Future studies should include proper biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Phillips
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield , UK.,b Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Huddersfield , UK
| | - H R Hendriks
- c Hendriks Pharmaceutical Consulting , Purmerend , The Netherlands
| | - J B Sweeney
- a Department of Pharmacy , University of Huddersfield , Huddersfield , UK.,b Department of Chemical Sciences , University of Huddersfield , UK
| | - G Reddy
- d Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Inc , Irvine , CA , USA
| | - G J Peters
- e Department of Medical Oncology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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Terracciano D, Ferro M, Terreri S, Lucarelli G, D'Elia C, Musi G, de Cobelli O, Mirone V, Cimmino A. Urinary long noncoding RNAs in nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: new architects in cancer prognostic biomarkers. Transl Res 2017; 184:108-117. [PMID: 28438520 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several reports over the last 10 years provided evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often altered in bladder cancers. lncRNAs are longer than 200 nucleotides and function as important regulators of gene expression, interacting with the major pathways of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. A large number of lncRNAs has oncogenic function and is more expressed in tumor compared with normal tissues. Their overexpression may be associated with tumor formation, progression, and metastasis in a variety of tumors including bladder cancer. Although lncRNAs have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in cancer biology, the biological functions and prognostic values in nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer remain largely unknown. Nevertheless, a growing body of evidence suggests that several lncRNAs expression profiles in bladder malignancies are associated with poor prognosis, and they can be detected in biological fluids, such as urines. Here, we review current progress in the biology and the implication of lncRNAs associated with bladder cancer, and we discuss their potential use as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers in bladder malignancies with a focus on their role in high-risk nonmuscle-invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Terreri
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carolina D'Elia
- Urology Department, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Urology Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.
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Pirzada MT, Ghauri R, Ahmed MJ, Shah MF, Nasir IUI, Siddiqui J, Ahmed I, Mir K. Outcomes of BCG Induction in High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients (NMIBC): A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cureus 2017; 9:e957. [PMID: 28168135 PMCID: PMC5291702 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is categorized into high-risk and low-risk groups. Although, bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the recommended adjuvant therapy of high-risk bladder tumor, optimal schedule (induction versus maintenance) of this therapy is a subject of debate. The objective was to evaluate outcomes of induction BCG in high-risk NMIBC patients at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Pakistan and retrospective cohort study conducted in the department of urology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre, Pakistan. Three-year disease-free survival and progression-free survival was the main outcome measure. Data of 68 high-risk (Ta and T1 with G3 or high-grade subtype) bladder cancer patients who underwent transurethral resection followed by six-weekly intravesical BCG instillation was included in the study. Recurrence was described as biopsy-proven bladder cancer; whereas the presence of muscle invasion was considered as progression. Disease-free survival and progression-free survival were defined as time intervals elapsed between the starting date of BCG instillation and recurrence or progression, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curve was employed to estimate the three-year study end-points. Disease-free survival at three years was observed to be 66.2% and progression-free survival at 86.8%. The use of induction BCG alone for high-risk patients of NMIBC is a viable option both in terms of effective disease-free and progression-free survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad T Pirzada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Rashid Ghauri
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Monis J Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Mediclinic City Hospital, Dubai, UAE
| | - Muhammad F Shah
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Irfan Ul Islam Nasir
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Jasim Siddiqui
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
| | - Khurram Mir
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Centre
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Direct quantitative detection for cell-free miR-155 in urine: a potential role in diagnosis and prognosis for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3255-66. [PMID: 26657502 PMCID: PMC4823104 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High recurrence rates of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in patients require lifelong testing and monitoring. The aim of this study is to develop a simplified RT-qPCR method (RT-qPCR-D) which directly quantifies cell-free miR-155 in urine without RNA extraction, and assess it as a potential tool in NMIBC detection. A pilot study including 60 urine samples was used to investigate the feasibility of RT-qPCR-D in detecting cell-free miR-155. Then, miR-155 levels were quantified in a large independent cohort of urine from 162 NIMBC patients, 76 cystitis patients, and 86 healthy donors using the RT-qPCR-D method. Changes of cell-free miR-155 before and after operation were also analyzed in 32 NIMBC patients. In pilot study, we found a significant linear association between RT-qPCR and RT-qPCR-D in urinary miR-155 detection. Both methods showed cell-free miR-155 were significantly increased in NMIBC patients, and could reflect their expression in tissues. Then, the increased expression of cell-free miR-155 was successfully validated in 162 NIMBC patients when compared with cystitis patients and healthy donors. Moreover, it distinguished NMIBC patients from others with 80.2% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity, which was superior to urine cytology. Cell-free miR-155 correlated with NMIBC stage and grade, and was an independent factor for predicting recurrence and progression to muscle invasion. In addition, cell-free miR-155 was significantly decreased after NMIBC patients underwent transurethral bladder resection. In conclusion, detection of cell-free miR-155 in urine using RT-qPCR-D is a simple and noninvasive approach which may be used for NMIBC diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Golabesk T, Palou J, Rodriguez O, Parada R, Skrobot S, Peña JA, Villavicencio H. Long-term Bladder and Upper Urinary Tract Follow-up Recurrence and Progression Rates of G1-2 Non-muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder. Urology 2016; 100:145-150. [PMID: 27765584 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the risk of long-term tumor recurrence and progression in patients with low- and intermediate-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers, which could facilitate optimization in the follow-up schedules. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-institution, retrospective analysis of 704 patients with primary TaG1, TaG2, T1G1, and T1G2 urothelial carcinomas of the bladder without concomitant carcinoma in situ, treated with transurethral resection, was performed. Response was determined and monitored by routine periodic urine cytology, cystoscopy, and upper tract imaging. RESULTS The median follow-up was 64.9 months (maximum, 120 months). Among all of the tumors, 59.3% did not relapse, 36.6% recurred in the bladder during the first 5 years of surveillance, and only 3.6% recurred after 5 years of follow-up. Eight urothelial bladder cancers (1.1%) progressed in stage, and 87.5% of the progressions occurred during the first 5 years of surveillance. An upper urinary tract recurrence was detected in 2.4% of the patients; 94.1% were diagnosed within the upper urinary tract during the first 5 years of follow-up and 5.9% occurred after 5 years of surveillance. CONCLUSION G1-2 urothelial bladder cancers recur and progress uncommonly in the long-term period. Although limited by its retrospective nature, the present study provides potential grounds for re-examination of the follow-up schedule for patients with primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer G1-2 tumors who remain asymptomatic and disease-free for at least 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Golabesk
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Palou
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Oscar Rodriguez
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Parada
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Skrobot
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Peña
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Humberto Villavicencio
- Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Cai Q, Wu Y, Guo Z, Gong R, Tang Y, Yang K, Li X, Guo X, Niu Y, Zhao Y. Urine BLCA-4 exerts potential role in detecting patients with bladder cancers: a pooled analysis of individual studies. Oncotarget 2016; 6:37500-10. [PMID: 26462026 PMCID: PMC4741944 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have explored the diagnostic effect of urine BLCA-4 in bladder cancer. However, the results remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted this pooled analyses to determine the overall accuracy of urine BLCA-4 in bladder cancer. A comprehensive electronic and hand search was conducted for related literatures though several databases. QUADAS-2 was used to assess the quality of each included studies. Diagnostic parameters were calculated using Meta-Disc (version 1.4) and Stata (version 12.0) software. Nine published articles with 1,119 subjects were included. The summary estimates were: sensitivity 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.90-0.95), specificity 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.98), positive likelihood ratio 48.16 (95% CI, 11.77-197.01), negative likelihood ratio 0.08 (95% CI, 0.06-0.11), diagnostic odds ratio 534.03 (95% CI, 150.15-1899.31), and the AUC was 0.9607. In conclusion, urine BLCA-4 is a promising marker in diagnosing bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhanjun Guo
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Pharmaceutical Department, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin,China
| | - Xuemei Guo
- Library of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Infectious Disease, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Sen V, Bozkurt O, Demir O, Esen AA, Mungan U, Aslan G, Kefi A, Celebi I. Clinical Behavior of Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma in Young Patients: A Single Center Experience. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:6792484. [PMID: 27563483 PMCID: PMC4985578 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6792484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. There is not enough evidence about clinical behavior of bladder cancer in younger patients. Objective. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma patients under the age of 40 years. Methods. Medical records of patients listed in our cancer database were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 40 patients who were initially diagnosed with bladder urothelial carcinoma at the age less than 40 years were included in the study. Patients' records were reviewed for recurrence and progression rates, demographic data, medical history, and treatment modalities. Results. Pathological results revealed 33 (82.5%) Ta low-grade, 6 (15%) T1 high-grade, and 1 (2.5%) T2 high-grade urothelial carcinomas. Recurrence was detected in 14/39 (35.9%) patients but progression was not observed in any patients. The mean age of recurrent patients was significantly higher than nonrecurrent patients (34.8 versus 28.5 years; p < 0.05). Besides, recurrence was detected in only 1 patient with the age under 30 years (6.2%) and 13 patients (54.1%) between 30 and 40 years old, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Bladder urothelial carcinoma diagnosed at young age tends to be a low pathologic stage, with relatively low rate of recurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Sen
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozan Bozkurt
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Omer Demir
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Adil Esen
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ugur Mungan
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guven Aslan
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aykut Kefi
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Celebi
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, 35330 Izmir, Turkey
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Pagliarulo V, Ancona P, Martines I, Spadavecchia R, Di Stasi S, Alba S, Cormio L, Fanizza C, Salerno A, Carrieri G, Pagliarulo A. Celecoxib for the prevention of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: results from a matched control study. Ther Adv Urol 2015; 7:303-11. [PMID: 26622316 PMCID: PMC4647141 DOI: 10.1177/1756287215599695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES New targets and approaches are under investigation for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Preclinical data suggest cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as a promising target. Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, inhibits tumor development and enhances survival, both in vitro and in vivo models of bladder cancer. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study of celecoxib to prevent recurrence in patients with intermediate risk NMIBC. METHODS Treatment with celecoxib was administered orally for 12 months and compared with a contemporary series of patients treated with intravesical mitomycin C (MMC), given weekly for 4 weeks and then monthly for 11 months. Primary endpoints were time to first recurrence and adverse events. RESULTS From 2003 through 2006, 58 patients were treated with celecoxib and compared with 66 patients receiving MMC. After a median follow up of 75 months, 49 patients were disease free, including 23 (34.85%) in the MMC group and 26 (44.8%) in the celecoxib group. Median disease-free interval was 67 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 35.8 to NA] versus 41 months (95% CI 27.1-67.1; log-rank p = 0.25) for patients treated with MMC and celecoxib, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, treatment was not found to be an independent predictor for recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.47-1.22, p = 0.25). Overall, 45 AEs were recorded in 35/124 patients. There were no differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data support a clinical benefit of celecoxib and encourage future trials in which COX-2 inhibitors may be tested in selected patients with NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Pagliarulo
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ancona
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ivan Martines
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Spadavecchia
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Savino Di Stasi
- Department of Surgery/Urology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Alba
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Caterina Fanizza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology, Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy
| | - Annamaria Salerno
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Pagliarulo
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Sen V, Bozkurt O, Demir O, Tuna B, Yorukoglu K, Ellidokuz H, Mungan U. Prognostic significance of Nestin expression in pT1 high- grade bladder urothelial carcinoma patients treated with intravesical BCG. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:10813-7. [PMID: 25605182 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.24.10813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Possible roles of nestin expression in terms of predicting intravesical BCG therapy response in T1 high grade bladder cancer patients were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS T1 high grade bladder cancer patients who were treated with intravesical BCG between 1990-2009 were included. Immunohistochemical staining for nestin expression was performed. Nestin(+) and nestin(-) patients were compared in terms of recurrence and progression rates. RESULTS Sixty-three patients were included and median follow-up time was twenty-five months. After staining; 33 patients (52.4%) were classified as nestin (+) and 30 (47.6%) as (-). Nestin (+) patients were more likely to recur compared to nestin (-) patients (60.6% vs. 30%, p<0.05). Progression rates were also higher in nestin (+) patients, although this result did not reach statistical significance (15.2 % vs. 10 %, p=0.710). CONCLUSIONS Nestin expression, which seems effective in predicting recurrence, appears to have a potential role in the urothelial carcinoma tumorigenesis. Patients with high grade bladder cancer and positive nestin expression need close follow-up and might be informed about more tendency to recur. Further comprehensive studies including larger patient cohorts may clarify the role of nestin in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Sen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey E-mail :
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GSTP1 and GSTO1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and the response of bladder cancer patients to intravesical chemotherapy. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14000. [PMID: 26354850 PMCID: PMC4564850 DOI: 10.1038/srep14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SNPs may restrict cell detoxification activity and be a potential risk factor for cancer chemosensitivity. We evaluated the predictive value of these polymorphisms on the sensitivity of bladder cancer patients to epirubicin and mitomycin chemotherapy instillation as well as their toxicities. SNPs were analyzed by TaqMan genotyping assays in 130 patients treated with epirubicin and 114 patients treated with mitomycin. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the HRs were derived from multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. GSTP1 rs1695 and GSTO1 rs4925 were also associated with RFS in the epirubicin group. Patients carrying the GSTP1 AG+GG and GSTO1 AC+AA genotypes had an unfavorable RFS. Patients with the GSTP1 AA and GSTO1 CC genotypes had a reduced risk of recurrence after the instillation of epirubicin. In addition, patients with the GSTP1 rs1695 AA genotype had an increased risk of irritative voiding symptoms; while patients with the GSTO1 rs4925 CC genotype had a decreased risk of hematuria. Our results suggest that GSTP1 and GSTO1 polymorphisms are associated with epirubicin treatment outcomes as well as with epirubicin-related toxicity.
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Ren L, Yang X, Zhao L, Zhang H, Wang J. Evaluation of Su Fu'ning Lotion's Inhibitory Effects on Bladder Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo by Intravesical Instillation. Integr Cancer Ther 2015; 15:80-6. [PMID: 26315609 DOI: 10.1177/1534735415596569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor with a very high recurrence rate after surgery. Intravesical instillation can help clear up the residual tumor cells after surgery and thereby reduce the recurrence rate. OBJECTIVE To establish a bladder tumor transplantation animal model and to evaluate the inhibitory effects of a novel perfusate, Su Fu'ning Lotion (SFN), on bladder tumor. METHODS SFN was compared with several commonly used chemotherapy drugs, including mitomycin (MMC) and pirarubicin (THP) for anticancer effects on the bladder cancer cell lines T24, BTT, and BIU-87 and SFN half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined after 48 hours of treatment. In addition, bladder cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor models were established in BALB/C nude mice and T739 mice, and SFN anticancer effects were assessed in vivo, with normal saline and MMC as negative and positive controls, respectively. RESULTS SFN, MMC, and THP were all lethal to bladder cancer cells, in vitro, with SFN and THP significantly superior to MMC. IC50 values for SFN were 13.22, 11.22, and 12.5 µg/mL on T24, BTT, and BIU-87 cells, respectively. In vivo, SFN significantly reduced the mouse bladder wet weight and prolonged the animal survival compared with controls (P < .05), suggesting that SFN significantly inhibited T24/BTT cell growth in mice. CONCLUSION SFN inhibited the bladder cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and significantly prolonged the survival of mice with bladder cancer xenografts, indicating that SFN could be used as a perfusate after surgery for removal of residual bladder cancers cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xihua Yang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Sooriakumaran P, Chiocchia V, Dutton S, Pai A, Ayres BE, Le Roux P, Swinn M, Bailey M, Perry MJ, Issa R. Predictive Factors for Time to Progression after Hyperthermic Mitomycin C Treatment for High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: An Observational Cohort Study of 97 Patients. Urol Int 2015; 96:83-90. [DOI: 10.1159/000435788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperthermic mitomycin (HM) is a novel treatment modality for selected patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We sought to determine predictors of response to this therapy. Patients and Methods: A longitudinal, cohort study of 97 patients with high-risk NMIBC treated with ≥4 HM instillations on a prophylactic schedule was conducted. The primary outcome was time-to-progression survival; secondary outcomes were overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and adverse events. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, Cox proportional hazards modelling, and univariate and multivariable regression were performed. Results: The presence of initial complete response (CR; no evidence of disease at first check video-cystoscopy and urine cytology) post-HM treatment was an independent predictor of good response to HM. Female patients and those without carcinoma in situ (CIS) also appeared to respond better to the intervention. The overall bladder preservation rate at a median of 27 months was 81.4%; 17/97 (17.5%) patients died during the course of the study. Conclusions: High-risk NMIBC patients can be safely treated with HM and have good oncological outcome. However, those without an initial CR have a poor prognosis and should be counselled towards adopting other treatment methodologies such as cystectomy. Female gender and lack of CIS may be good prognostic indicators for response to HM.
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Oncological outcomes of a single but extensive transurethral resection followed by appropriate intra-vesical instillation therapy for newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2015; 47:1509-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-015-1048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chatta D, Cottrell L, Burnett B, Laverty G, McConville C. The use of water-soluble mucoadhesive gels for the intravesical delivery of epirubicin to the bladder for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1355-62. [PMID: 26076758 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an epirubicin-loaded, water-soluble mucoadhesive gels that have the correct rheological properties to facilitate their delivery into the bladder via a catheter, while allowing for their spread across the bladder wall with limited expansion of the bladder and increasing the retention of epirubicin in the bladder and flushing with urine. METHODS Epirubicin-loaded hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC) and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) gels were manufactured and tested for their rheological properties. Their ability to be pushed through a catheter was also assessed as was their in-vitro drug release, spreading in a bladder and retention of epirubicin after flushing with simulated urine. KEY FINDINGS Epirubicin drug release was viscosity-dependent. The 1 and 1.5% HEC gels and the 1, 1.5 and 2% HPMC gels had the correct viscosity to be administered through a model catheter and spread evenly across the bladder wall under the pressure of the detrusor muscle. The epirubicin-loaded gels had an increased retention time in the bladder when compared with a standard intravesical solution of epirubicin, even after successive flushes with simulated urine. CONCLUSION The increased retention of epirubicin in the bladder by the HEC and HPMC gels warrant further investigation, using an in-vivo model, to assess their potential for use as treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Chatta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Lewis Cottrell
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Bruce Burnett
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Garry Laverty
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher McConville
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
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Chang LW, Hou ML, Hung SH, Lin LC, Tsai TH. Pharmacokinetics of quercetin-loaded nanodroplets with ultrasound activation and their use for bioimaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:3031-42. [PMID: 25945049 PMCID: PMC4407821 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s78983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bubble formulations have both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, research on nanobubbles/nanodroplets remains in the initial stages. In this study, a nanodroplet formulation was prepared and loaded with a novel class of chemotherapeutic drug, ie, quercetin, to observe its pharmacokinetic properties and ultrasonic bioimaging of specific sites, namely the abdominal vein and bladder. Four parallel groups were designed to investigate the effects of ultrasound and nanodroplets on the pharmacokinetics of quercetin. These groups were quercetin alone, quercetin triggered with ultrasound, quercetin-encapsulated in nanodroplets, and quercetin encapsulated in nanodroplets triggered with ultrasound. Spherical vesicles with a mean diameter of 280 nm were formed, and quercetin was completely encapsulated within. In vivo ultrasonic imaging confirmed that the nanodroplets could be treated by ultrasound. The results indicate that the initial 5-minute serum concentration, area under the concentration–time curve, elimination half-life, and clearance of quercetin were significantly enhanced by nanodroplets with or without ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Chang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Hou
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Hui Hung
- Department of Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Chwen Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Yu Q, Zhang J, Zhang G, Gan Z. Synthesis and Functions of Well-defined Polymer-drug Conjugates as Efficient Nanocarriers for Intravesical Chemotherapy of Bladder Cancera. Macromol Biosci 2014; 15:509-20. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; College of Life Science and Technology; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guan Zhang
- Department of Urology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhihua Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; College of Life Science and Technology; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029, China
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Minami S, Nagashio R, Ueda J, Matsumoto K, Goshima N, Hattori M, Hachimura K, Iwamura M, Sato Y. Detection of tumor-associated antigens in culture supernatants using autoantibodies in sera from patients with bladder cancer. Biomed Res 2014; 35:25-35. [PMID: 24573199 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.35.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Secreted proteins play essential roles in the process of tumorigenesis, and the analysis of tumor-secreted proteins has been suggested as a promising strategy for identifying cancer biomarkers. In this study, we performed proteomic analysis to identify proteins secreted from bladder cancer cell lines that are recognized by autoantibodies in sera from patients with bladder cancer. In addition,autoantibodies against the identified proteins were validated using a dot-blot array with sera from patients with bladder cancer and normal controls. As the results, we detected twenty-five and thirty-two immunoreactive spots in sera from patients with high- and low-grade bladder cancer, respectively.In addition, validation analysis revealed that serum IgG levels of anti-calreticulin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) autoantibodies were significantly higher in bladder cancer patients than in normal controls (both P < 0.05). Furthermore, the serum IgG level of anti-MMP2 autoantibody was significantly higher in patients with high- compared to low-grade bladder cancer(P < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, the serum IgG level of anti-MMP2 autoantibody was an independent predictor of cancer-specific survival (P < 0.05). Based on these findings, serum IgG levels of anti-calreticulin and MMP2 autoantibodies may be novel biomarker candidates for bladder cancer and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Minami
- Department of Applied Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasato1-15-1,Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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Mertens LS, Neuzillet Y, Horenblas S, van Rhijn BWG. Landmarks in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2014; 11:476-80. [PMID: 24980189 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is divided into two entities: non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer. NMIBC represents 75% of primary diagnoses and is characterized by frequent recurrence but a low risk of mortality. Throughout urological history, significant progress in detection, diagnosis, and treatment of NMIBC has been made. However, bladder cancer remains a heterogeneous disease with varying pathology, molecular background, diagnostic options, and subsequent therapies for the individual patient. Although significant progress has been made over the years, the improvement of bladder cancer outcomes remains the goal of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Mertens
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yann Neuzillet
- Department of Urology, Foch Hospital, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yveline, 92150 Suresnes, France
| | - Simon Horenblas
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bas W G van Rhijn
- Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Weintraub MD, Li QQ, Agarwal PK. Advances in intravesical therapy for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:656-660. [PMID: 25054027 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of tumor biology and the biomechanical properties of the urothelium have led to significant advances in the development of intravesical therapy for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Targeted therapy improves the efficacy and decreases the side effects of antineoplastic agents. Nanoparticles that target antitumor agents to the urothelial cells have allowed for improved delivery of these agents to tumor cells. Gene therapy is another strategy that has allowed for a targeted induction of an antitumor response. Finally, engineering of the bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine aimed to minimize the potential side effects associated with this treatment. These novel approaches hold promise for decreasing the rate of progression and recurrence of NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Weintraub
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qingdi Quentin Li
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Piyush K Agarwal
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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