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Corres-Mendizabal J, Zacchi F, Martín-Martín N, Mateo J, Carracedo A. Metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer: a distinct biological entity. Trends Cancer 2024:S2405-8033(24)00119-5. [PMID: 39048488 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) is often the initial form of presentation for metastatic prostate cancer and encompasses a heterogeneous patient population with high inter-patient heterogeneity in prognosis and response to therapy. A more precise treatment of mHNPC, guided by evidence-based biomarkers, remains an unmet medical need. In addition, the limited number of representative laboratory models of mHNPC hampers the translation of basic research into clinical applications. We provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical and biological features that characterize mHNPC, highlight molecular data that could explain the unique prognostic characteristics of mHNPC, and identify key open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Corres-Mendizabal
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Francesca Zacchi
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine-Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona and University and Hospital Trust (AOUI) of Verona, Verona, Italy; Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Martín-Martín
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Translational Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Joaquin Mateo
- Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Translational Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain.
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Wang L, Vasudevaraja V, Tran I, Sukhadia P, Reuter VE, Abu-Rustum NR, Rubinstein MM, Gopalan A, Ross D, Snuderl M, Chiang S. Novel Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 in Gynecologic Tumors. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2024:00004347-990000000-00164. [PMID: 38833720 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Androgen receptor splicing variant 7 (AR-V7) is a truncated variant of the AR mRNA that may be a predictive biomarker for AR-targeted therapy. AR-V7 has been described in prostate, breast, salivary duct, and hepatocellular carcinomas as well as mammary and extra-mammary Paget disease. We report 2 gynecologic cancers occurring in the lower uterine segment and ovary and both harboring AR-V7 by targeted RNA sequencing. The uterine tumor was an undifferentiated carcinoma consisting of epithelioid cells and focally spindled cells arranged in sheets, nests, and cords associated with brisk mitotic activity and tumor necrosis. The ovarian tumor consisted of glands with cribriform and solid architecture and uniform cytologic atypia. ER and PR were positive in the ovarian tumor and negative in the uterine tumor. Both were positive for AR and negative for HER2, GATA3, and NKX3.1. DNA methylation profiling showed epigenetic similarity of the AR-V7-positive gynecologic cancers to AR-V7-positive breast cancers rather than to prostate cancers. AR-V7 may underpin rare gynecologic carcinomas with undifferentiated histology or cribriform growth reminiscent of prostatic adenocarcinoma and breast invasive ductal carcinoma.
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3
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Gourdin T. Highlighting recent progress in the treatment of men with advanced prostate cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2024; 36:174-179. [PMID: 38573207 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000001035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review is designed to highlight recent research efforts to optimize treatment strategies in men with advanced prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research analyses have suggested an overall survival advantage to treating some men with newly identified metastatic prostate cancer with a "triplet" of androgen deprivation therapy, docetaxel, and an androgen receptor axis-targeted agent (ARAT), but further work remains to refine which men need this aggressive of a treatment approach. Randomized trials have led to the approval of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor/ARAT agent combinations for some men with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer, but the applicability of this approach to the growing number of men receiving combinations of systemic therapy in the castration-sensitive setting is unclear. Trials to refine use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed radiopharmaceuticals are ongoing, while novel treatment approaches targeting mechanisms driving advanced prostate cancer continue to be explored. SUMMARY Ongoing research focuses on refining the best combination and sequence of treatments for men with advanced prostate cancer. Future questions remain about use of existing therapies, and novel treatment approaches need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Gourdin
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology Oncology; Medical University of South Carolina Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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4
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Tian J, Luo J, Zeng X, Ke C, Wang Y, Liu Z, Li L, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Yang C. Targeting oxidative phosphorylation to increase the efficacy of immune-combination therapy in renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008226. [PMID: 38355278 PMCID: PMC10868282 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the standard of care for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC); however, most patients develop de novo or acquired resistance to ICIs. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has been rarely explored as a potential target for correcting ICI resistance. METHODS We systematically analyzed RNA sequencing and clinical data from CheckMate, JAVELIN Renal 101, and NCT01358721 clinical trials, and clinicopathological data of 25 patients from Tongji Hospital to investigate the relationship between OXPHOS and ICI resistance. The Ndufb8-knockdown Renca cell line was derived to determine the effect of OXPHOS on RCC immunotherapy in vivo. RESULTS An analysis of the CheckMate series data revealed that high OXPHOS levels are risk factors for ICI in patients with RCC, but are affected by thevon Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α status. This result is consistent with correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic observations at our institute. Knockdown of the mitochondrial complex I subunit Ndufb8 of the Renca cell line had no effect on cell growth and migration in vitro, but slowed down cell growth in vivo. Among anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-treated BALB/c mice, shNdufb8 Renca tumors grew slower than shControl Renca tumors and the corresponding mice survived longer. Flow cytometry revealed that CD8+ T cells in shNdufb8 Renca tumors, which were exposed to a lower degree of hypoxia and expressed less programmed death-1 (PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3), secreted more interferon-γ after stimulation. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that the shNdufb8 Renca tumors had a higher proportion of CD8+ T cells and the proportion of these cells was lower in the hypoxic area. CONCLUSIONS OXPHOS is a reliable predictor of immunotherapy response in RCC and is more pronounced in metastatic lesions. RCC cells generate a hypoxic tumor microenvironment and inhibit T-cell function through oxidative metabolism, thereby leading to immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihua Tian
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chunjin Ke
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenghao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chunguang Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
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Lin Z, Liu Z, Niu Y. Exploring the Enigma of 5-ARIs Resistance in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Paving the Path for Personalized Medicine. Curr Urol Rep 2023; 24:579-589. [PMID: 37987980 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-023-01188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite the widespread utilization of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), certain BPH patients exhibit unresponsiveness to 5-ARIs therapy. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current perspectives on the mechanisms of 5-ARIs resistance in BPH patients and integrates potential biomarkers and underlying therapeutic options for 5-ARIs resistance. These findings may facilitate the development of novel or optimize more effective treatment options, and promote personalized medicine for BPH. RECENT FINDINGS The pathways contributing to resistance against 5-ARIs in certain BPH patients encompass epigenetic modifications, shifts in hormone levels, autophagic processes, and variations in androgen receptor structures, and these pathways may ultimately be attributed to inflammation. Promisingly, novel biomarkers, including intravesical prostatic protrusion, inflammatory factors, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, may offer predictive insights into the responsiveness to 5-ARIs therapy, empowering physicians to fine-tune treatment strategies. Additionally, on the horizon, GV1001 and mTOR inhibitors have emerged as potential alternative therapeutic modalities for addressing BPH in the future. After extensive investigation into BPH's pathological processes and molecular landscape, it is now recognized that diverse pathophysiological mechanisms may contribute to different BPH subtypes among individuals. This insight necessitates the adoption of personalized treatment strategies, moving beyond the prevailing one-size-fits-all paradigm centered around 5-ARIs. The imperative for early identification of individuals prone to treatment resistance will drive physicians to proactively stratify risk and adapt treatment tactics in future practice. This personalized medicine approach marks a progression from the current standard treatment model, emerging as the future trajectory in BPH management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Lin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Zhanliang Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yinong Niu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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6
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Feng D, Li L, Shi X, Zhu W, Wang J, Wu R, Li D, Wei W, Han P. Identification of senescence-related lncRNA prognostic index correlating with prognosis and radiosensitivity in prostate cancer patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9358-9376. [PMID: 37742230 PMCID: PMC10564441 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies are shown how crucial a role cellular senescence plays in tumor development. In this study, we developed a senescence-related lncRNA prognostic index (SRLPI) to forecast radiosensitivity and the probability of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS PCa cohorts in TCGA and GEO databases were downloaded. Senescence-and prognosis-related lncRNA with differential expression in tumor and normal samples were identified and used to establish the SRLPI score. Mutation landscape, function pathway, tumor stemness and heterogeneity and tumor immune microenvironment were also analyzed. We performed the analysis using R 3.6.3 and the appropriate tools. RESULTS A SRLPI score was constructed based on SNHG1 and MIAT in the TCGA cohort. Our classification of PCa patients into high- and low-risk groups was based on the median SRLPI score. When compared to the low-SRLPI group, the high-SRLPI group was more vulnerable to BCR (HR: 3.33). In terms of BCR-free survival and metastasis-free survival, the GSE116918 showed similar findings. Surprisingly, the SRLPI score demonstrated a high level of radiosensitivity for diagnosis (AUC: 0.98). Age, Gleason score, T stage, N stage, positive lymph nodes, and residual tumor were all significantly greater in patients with high SRLPI scores. Furthermore, this score was significantly related to markers of senescence. Protein secretion and androgen response were found to be substantially enriched in the low-SRLPI group, whereas E2F targets were found to be strongly enriched in the high-SRLPI group for pathway analysis. For the tumor microenvironment assessment, B cells, CD8+ T cells, immune score and TIDE score were positively related to SRLPI score while endothelial level was negatively associated with SRLPI score with statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS We developed a SRLPI score that was related to prognosis and radiosensitivity and might be helpful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xu Shi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weizhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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7
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Chen K, Kostos L, Azad AA. Future directions in systemic treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. World J Urol 2023; 41:2021-2031. [PMID: 36029329 PMCID: PMC10415497 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-022-04135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The landscape of advanced prostate cancer treatment has evolved tremendously in past decades. The treatment paradigm has shifted from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone to doublet combinations comprising ADT with docetaxel or an androgen receptor inhibitor, and now triplet therapy involving all 3 classes of agents. Robust clinical data has demonstrated survival benefits with this strategy of upfront treatment intensification. Subgroup analysis has alluded to the importance of tailoring treatment according to metastatic disease burden. However, defining the volume of disease is becoming increasingly controversial due to the advent of next generation molecular imaging. Several trials testing established agents in the castrate-resistant setting are now underway in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer patients. As the treatment milieu is enriched earlier in the disease trajectory, future studies should elucidate biomarkers to further define specific patient populations who will benefit most from treatment intensification and/or de-escalation, with what agents and for what duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Chen
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise Kostos
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arun A Azad
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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8
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Groen L, Kloots I, Englert D, Seto K, Estafanos L, Smith P, Verhaegh GW, Mehra N, Schalken JA. Transcriptome Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cells to Predict Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109002. [PMID: 37240349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical utility of circulating tumor cells (CTC) as a non-invasive multipurpose biomarker is broadly recognized. The earliest methods for enriching CTCs from whole blood rely on antibody-based positive selection. The prognostic utility of CTC enumeration using positive selection with the FDA-approved CellSearchTM system has been demonstrated in numerous studies. The capture of cells with specific protein phenotypes does not fully represent cancer heterogeneity and therefore does not realize the prognostic potential of CTC liquid biopsies. To avoid this selection bias, CTC enrichment based on size and deformability may provide better fidelity, i.e., facilitate the characterization of CTCs with any phenotype. In this study, the recently FDA-approved Parsortix® technology was used to enrich CTCs from prostate cancer (PCa) patients for transcriptome analysis using HyCEADTM technology. A tailored PCa gene panel allowed us to stratify metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with clinical outcomes. In addition, our findings suggest that targeted CTC transcriptome profiling may be predictive of therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi Groen
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Kloots
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kelly Seto
- ANGLE Biosciences Inc., Toronto, ON M9W 1B3, Canada
| | | | - Paul Smith
- ANGLE Biosciences Inc., Toronto, ON M9W 1B3, Canada
| | - Gerald W Verhaegh
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Niven Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack A Schalken
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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9
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Zhao S, Liao J, Zhang S, Shen M, Li X, Zhou L. The positive relationship between androgen receptor splice variant-7 expression and the risk of castration-resistant prostate cancer: A cumulative analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1053111. [PMID: 36865799 PMCID: PMC9972874 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1053111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is still the standard regimen for patients with metastatic and locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa). The level of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has been reported to be elevated compared with that in patients diagnosed with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). Aim Herein, we performed a systematic review and cumulative analysis to evaluate whether the expression of AR-V7 was significantly higher in patients with CRPC than in HSPC patients. Methods The commonly used databases were searched to identify the potential studies reporting the level of AR-V7 in CRPC and HSPC patients. The association between CRPC and the positive expression of AR-V7 was pooled by using the relative risk (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) under a random-effects model. For detecting the potential bias and the heterogeneity of the included studies, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were performed. Publication bias was assessed Egger's and Begg's tests. This study was registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022297014). Results This cumulative analysis included 672 participants from seven clinical trials. The study group contained 354 CRPC patients, while the other group contained 318 HSPC patients. Pooled results from the seven eligible studies showed that the expression of positive AR-V7 was significantly higher in men with CRPC compared to those with HSPC (RR = 7.55, 95% CI: 4.61-12.35, p < 0.001). In the sensitivity analysis, the combined RRs did not change substantially, ranging from 6.85 (95% CI: 4.16-11.27, p < 0.001) to 9.84 (95% CI: 5.13-18.87, p < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, a stronger association was detected in RNA in situ hybridization (RISH) measurement in American patients, and those studies were published before 2011 (all p < 0.001). There was no significant publication bias identified in our study. Conclusion Evidence from the seven eligible studies demonstrated that patients with CRPC had a significantly elevated positive expression of AR-V7. More investigations are still warranted to clarify the association between CRPC and AR-V7 testing. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022297014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maolei Shen
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libo Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Libo Zhou,
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The Androgen Regulated lncRNA NAALADL2-AS2 Promotes Tumor Cell Survival in Prostate Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8060081. [PMID: 36548180 PMCID: PMC9787508 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8060081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration resistance is the leading cause of death in men with prostate cancer. Recent studies indicate long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to be important drivers of therapy resistance. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and to functionally characterize them in vitro. Tumor-derived RNA-sequencing data were used to quantify and compare the expression of 11,469 lncRNAs in benign, primary prostate cancer, and CRPC samples. CRPC-associated lncRNAs were selected for semi-quantitative PCR validation on 68 surgical tumor specimens. In vitro functional studies were performed by antisense-oligonucleotide-mediated lncRNA knockdown in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and CRPC cell line models. Subsequently, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, transcriptome and pathway analyses were performed using the appropriate assays. Transcriptome analysis of a prostate cancer tumor specimens unveiled NAALADL2-AS2 as a novel CRPC-upregulated lncRNA. The expression of NAALADL2-AS2 was found to be particularly high in HSPC in vitro models and to increase under androgen deprived conditions. NAALADL2-AS2 knockdown decreased cell viability and increased caspase activity and apoptotic cells. Cellular fractionization and RNA fluorescent in situ hybridization identified NAALADL2-AS2 as a nuclear transcript. Transcriptome and pathway analyses revealed that NAALADL2-AS2 modulates the expression of genes involved with cell cycle control and glycogen metabolism. We hypothesize that the nuclear lncRNA, NAALADL2-AS2, functions as a pro-survival signal in prostate cancer cells under pressure of targeted hormone therapy.
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11
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Sowalsky AG, Plymate SR, Haffner MC, de Bono JS, Sharp A. Re: Heng Li, Yucong Zhang, Dong Li, et al. Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 Predicts Shorter Response in Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy. Eur Urol 2021;79:879-86 AR-V7 is Rare in Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: AR-V7 is Rare in Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2022; 82:e135-e136. [PMID: 36038450 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Sowalsky
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Stephen R Plymate
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, VAPSHCS, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johann S de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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12
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Ma B, Fan Y, Zhang D, Wei Y, Jian Y, Liu D, Wang Z, Gao Y, Ma J, Chen Y, Xu S, Li L. De Novo Design of an Androgen Receptor DNA Binding Domain-Targeted peptide PROTAC for Prostate Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201859. [PMID: 35971165 PMCID: PMC9534960 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7), one of the major driving factors, is the most attractive drug target in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Currently, no available drugs efficiently target AR-V7 in clinical practice. The DNA binding domain (DBD) is indispensable for the transcriptional activity of AR full length and AR splice variants, including AR-V7. Based on the homodimerization structure of the AR DBD, a novel peptide-based proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) drug is designed to induce AR and AR-V7 degradation in a DBD and MDM2-dependent manner, without showing any activity on other hormone receptors. To overcome the short half-life and poor cell penetrability of peptide PROTAC drugs, an ultrasmall gold (Au)-peptide complex platform to deliver the AR DBD PROTAC in vivo is developed. The obtained Au-AR pep-PROTAC effectively degrades AR and AR-V7 in prostate cancer cell lines, particularly in CWR22Rv1 cells with DC50 values 48.8 and 79.2 nM, respectively. Au-AR pep-PROTAC results in suppression of AR levels and induces tumor regression in both enzalutamide sensitive and resistant prostate cancer animal models. Further optimization of the Au-AR pep-PROTAC can ultimately lead to a new therapy for AR-V7-positive CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Ma
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Yizeng Fan
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Dize Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Yanlin Jian
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Donghua Liu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Zixi Wang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
| | - Lei Li
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated HospitalXi'an Jiaotong University#277 Yanta West RoadXi'anChina
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13
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Feng D, Zhu W, Shi X, Wei W, Han P, Wei Q, Yang L. Leucine zipper protein 2 serves as a prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer correlating with immune infiltration and epigenetic regulation. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10750. [PMID: 36217461 PMCID: PMC9547219 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We sought to determine whether leucine zipper protein 2 (LUZP2) could benefit men with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing radical radiotherapy (RT) or prostatectomy (RP). Methods Analysis was done on differentiating expression, clinical prognosis, co-expressed genes, immune infiltration, and epigenetic changes. All of our analyses were done using the R software (version 3.6.3) and the appropriate packages. Results In terms of PCa, tumor samples expressed LUZP2 more than normal samples did. In the TCGA database and GSE116918, we found that LUZP2 was the only independent risk factor for PCa. The shared enriched pathways for patients undergoing RP or RT were cell-cell adhesion, regulation of filopodium assembly, and extracellular matrix containing collagen. With the exception of TNFRSF14, we discovered that LUZP2 was negatively correlated with 21 immune checkpoints in PCa patients receiving RT. We found a significant inverse relationship between LUZP2 expression and the tumor immune environment, which included B cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, stromal score, immune score, and estimate score, in patients receiving RP or RT. Additionally, tumor purity was positively correlated with LUZP2. We found that the drug bortezomib may be susceptible to the LUZP2. DNA methylation was significantly associated with the mRNA expression of LUZP2 in PCa patients from the TCGA database, and LUZP2 methylation was positively correlated with immune cells. The proliferative activity of various PCa cells, which correlated to different stages of this disease, was also found to be significantly reduced by LUZP2 reduction, according to the results of our experimental work. Conclusions We proposed a relatively comprehensive understanding of the roles of LUZP2 on PCa from the fresh perspective of senescence.
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Jiménez N, Reig Ò, Marín-Aguilera M, Aversa C, Ferrer-Mileo L, Font A, Rodriguez-Vida A, Climent MÁ, Cros S, Chirivella I, Domenech M, Figols M, González-Billalabeitia E, Jiménez Peralta D, Rodríguez-Carunchio L, García-Esteve S, Garcia de Herreros M, Ribal MJ, Prat A, Mellado B. Transcriptional Profile Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated with Androgen Deprivation and Docetaxel. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194757. [PMID: 36230681 PMCID: PMC9564355 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and docetaxel (DX) combination is a standard therapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients. (2) Methods: We investigate if tumor transcriptomic analysis predicts mHSPC evolution in a multicenter retrospective biomarker study. A customized panel of 184 genes was tested in mRNA from tumor samples by the nCounter platform in 125 mHSPC patients treated with ADT+DX. Gene expression was correlated with castration-resistant prostate cancer-free survival (CRPC-FS) and overall survival (OS). (3) Results: High expression of androgen receptor (AR) signature was independently associated with longer CRPC-FS (hazard ratio (HR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3–0.9; p = 0.015), high expression of estrogen receptor (ESR) signature with longer CRPC-FS (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9; p = 0.019) and OS (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–0.9, p = 0.024), and lower expression of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) (RB1, PTEN and TP53) with shorter OS (HR 2, 95% CI 1–3.8; p = 0.044). ARV7 expression was independently associated with shorter CRPC-FS (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.1, p = 0.008) and OS (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.6, p = 0.004), high ESR2 was associated with longer OS (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1, p = 0.048) and low expression of RB1 was independently associated with shorter OS (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.2, p = 0.014). (4) Conclusions: AR, ESR, and TSG expression signatures, as well as ARV7, RB1, and ESR2 expression, have a prognostic value in mHSPC patients treated with ADT+DX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Jiménez
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Òscar Reig
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Marín-Aguilera
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Caterina Aversa
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ferrer-Mileo
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Font
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alejo Rodriguez-Vida
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Climent
- Medical Oncology Service, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología (IVO), 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Cros
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General de Granollers, 08402 Granollers, Spain
| | - Isabel Chirivella
- Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Mariona Figols
- Medical Oncology Department, Fundació Althaia Manresa, 08243 Manresa, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Jiménez Peralta
- Urology Department, Hospital General Universitario José M. Morales Meseguer, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Leonardo Rodríguez-Carunchio
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samuel García-Esteve
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Garcia de Herreros
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Ribal
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Prat
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Begoña Mellado
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Uro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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15
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Li H, Zhang Y, Xu H. Reply to Adam G. Sowalsky, Stephen R. Plymate, Michael C. Haffner, Johann S. de Bono, and Adam Sharp's Letter to the Editor re: Heng Li, Yucong Zhang, Dong Li, et al. Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 Predicts Shorter Response in Patients with Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy. Eur Urol 2021;79:879-86: AR-V7 is Rare in Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2022; 82:e137-e138. [PMID: 36088181 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Wuhan, China; Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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16
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Sowalsky AG, Figueiredo I, Lis RT, Coleman I, Gurel B, Bogdan D, Yuan W, Russo JW, Bright JR, Whitlock NC, Trostel SY, Ku AT, Patel RA, True LD, Welti J, Jimenez-Vacas JM, Rodrigues DN, Riisnaes R, Neeb A, Sprenger CT, Swain A, Wilkinson S, Karzai F, Dahut WL, Balk SP, Corey E, Nelson PS, Haffner MC, Plymate SR, de Bono JS, Sharp A. Assessment of Androgen Receptor Splice Variant-7 as a Biomarker of Clinical Response in Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:3509-3525. [PMID: 35695870 PMCID: PMC9378683 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapies targeting the androgen receptor (AR) have improved the outcome for patients with castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC). Expression of the constitutively active AR splice variant-7 (AR-V7) has shown clinical utility as a predictive biomarker of AR-targeted therapy resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but its importance in CSPC remains understudied. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We assessed different approaches to quantify AR-V7 mRNA and protein in prostate cancer cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, publicly available cohorts, and independent institutional clinical cohorts, to identify reliable approaches for detecting AR-V7 mRNA and protein and its association with clinical outcome. RESULTS In CSPC and CRPC cohorts, AR-V7 mRNA was much less abundant when detected using reads across splice boundaries than when considering isoform-specific exonic reads. The RM7 AR-V7 antibody had increased sensitivity and specificity for AR-V7 protein detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CRPC cohorts but rarely identified AR-V7 protein reactivity in CSPC cohorts, when compared with the EPR15656 AR-V7 antibody. Using multiple CRPC PDX models, we demonstrated that AR-V7 expression was exquisitely sensitive to hormonal manipulation. In CSPC institutional cohorts, AR-V7 protein quantification by either assay was associated neither with time to development of castration resistance nor with overall survival, and intense neoadjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy did not lead to significant AR-V7 mRNA or staining following treatment. Neither pre- nor posttreatment AR-V7 levels were associated with volumes of residual disease after therapy. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that further analytical validation and clinical qualification are required before AR-V7 can be considered for clinical use in CSPC as a predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosina T. Lis
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ilsa Coleman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Bora Gurel
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - John R. Bright
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Anson T. Ku
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antje Neeb
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Fatima Karzai
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Steven P. Balk
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eva Corey
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen R. Plymate
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center, VAPSHCS, Seattle, Washington
| | - Johann S. de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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17
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Rahimi Tesiye M, Abrishami Kia Z, Rajabi-Maham H. Mesenchymal stem cells and prostate cancer: A concise review of therapeutic potentials and biological aspects. Stem Cell Res 2022; 63:102864. [PMID: 35878578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) arises from a cancer stem or progenitor cell with homogenous characteristics, especially among the aging men population. Over the past decade, the increasing PCa incidence has led to significant changes in both disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, the therapeutic aspects of stem cells in many cancers, including PCa, have been debatable. The new generation of PCa studies seek to present definitive treatments with reduced therapeutic side effects. Since discovering unique properties of stem cells in modulating immunity, selective migration to inflammatory regions, and secretion of various growth factors, they have been a promising therapeutic target. The existing properties of stem cell therapy bring new opportunities for cancer inhibition: transferring chemotherapeutics, activating prodrugs, affecting the expression of genes involved in cancer, genetically modifying the production of anti-cancer compounds, proteins, and/or deriving extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing therapeutic agents from stem cells. However, their dual properties in carcinogenicity as well as their ability to inhibit cancer result in particular limitations studying them after administration. A clear understanding of the interaction between MSCs and the prostate cancer microenvironment will provide crucial information in revealing the precise applications and new practical protocols for clinical use of these cells..
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahimi Tesiye
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abrishami Kia
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
| | - Hassan Rajabi-Maham
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Cistrome and transcriptome analysis identifies unique androgen receptor (AR) and AR-V7 splice variant chromatin binding and transcriptional activities. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5351. [PMID: 35354884 PMCID: PMC8969163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitutively active androgen receptor (AR) splice variant, AR-V7, plays an important role in resistance to androgen deprivation therapy in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Studies seeking to determine whether AR-V7 is a partial mimic of the AR, or also has unique activities, and whether the AR-V7 cistrome contains unique binding sites have yielded conflicting results. One limitation in many studies has been the low level of AR variant compared to AR. Here, LNCaP and VCaP cell lines in which AR-V7 expression can be induced to match the level of AR, were used to compare the activities of AR and AR-V7. The two AR isoforms shared many targets, but overall had distinct transcriptomes. Optimal induction of novel targets sometimes required more receptor isoform than classical targets such as PSA. The isoforms displayed remarkably different cistromes with numerous differential binding sites. Some of the unique AR-V7 sites were located proximal to the transcription start sites (TSS). A de novo binding motif similar to a half ARE was identified in many AR-V7 preferential sites and, in contrast to conventional half ARE sites that bind AR-V7, FOXA1 was not enriched at these sites. This supports the concept that the AR isoforms have unique actions with the potential to serve as biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets.
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19
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Barone B, Napolitano L, Abate M, Cirillo L, Reccia P, Passaro F, Turco C, Morra S, Mastrangelo F, Scarpato A, Amicuzi U, Morgera V, Romano L, Calace FP, Pandolfo SD, De Luca L, Aveta A, Sicignano E, Trivellato M, Spena G, D’Alterio C, Fusco GM, Vitale R, Arcaniolo D, Crocetto F. The Role of Testosterone in the Elderly: What Do We Know? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3535. [DOI: doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is the most important hormone in male health. Aging is characterized by testosterone deficiency due to decreasing testosterone levels associated with low testicular production, genetic factors, adiposity, and illness. Low testosterone levels in men are associated with sexual dysfunction (low sexual desire, erectile dysfunction), reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, decreased bone mineral density, increased cardiovascular risk and alterations of the glycometabolic profile. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) shows several therapeutic effects while maintaining a good safety profile in hypogonadal men. TRT restores normal levels of serum testosterone in men, increasing libido and energy level and producing beneficial effects on bone density, strength and muscle as well as yielding cardioprotective effects. Nevertheless, TRT could be contraindicated in men with untreated prostate cancer, although poor findings are reported in the literature. In addition, different potential side effects, such as polycythemia, cardiac events and obstructive sleep apnea, should be monitored. The aim of our review is to provide an updated background regarding the pros and cons of TRT, evaluating its role and its clinical applicability in different domains.
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20
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The Role of Testosterone in the Elderly: What Do We Know? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073535. [PMID: PMID: 35408895 PMCID: PMC8998588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is the most important hormone in male health. Aging is characterized by testosterone deficiency due to decreasing testosterone levels associated with low testicular production, genetic factors, adiposity, and illness. Low testosterone levels in men are associated with sexual dysfunction (low sexual desire, erectile dysfunction), reduced skeletal muscle mass and strength, decreased bone mineral density, increased cardiovascular risk and alterations of the glycometabolic profile. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) shows several therapeutic effects while maintaining a good safety profile in hypogonadal men. TRT restores normal levels of serum testosterone in men, increasing libido and energy level and producing beneficial effects on bone density, strength and muscle as well as yielding cardioprotective effects. Nevertheless, TRT could be contraindicated in men with untreated prostate cancer, although poor findings are reported in the literature. In addition, different potential side effects, such as polycythemia, cardiac events and obstructive sleep apnea, should be monitored. The aim of our review is to provide an updated background regarding the pros and cons of TRT, evaluating its role and its clinical applicability in different domains.
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21
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Circular RNAs and Drug Resistance in Genitourinary Cancers: A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040866. [PMID: 35205613 PMCID: PMC8869870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Drug resistance to systematic treatment in genitourinary tumors severely aggravated the burden on patients and society. Multiple mechanisms were involved in drug resistance. As typical non-coding RNAs, circRNAs play a critical role in the onset and development of cancers and several studies implied their function in the regulation of drug resistance. Here, we reviewed the investigations of circRNAs’ behavior in drug resistance of genitourinary cancers and summarized the underlying mechanisms. This review emphasized the essential role of circRNAs in drug resistance development and also pointed out the potential topics that need further investigations in the future. Abstract In recent years, systematic treatment has made great progress in genitourinary tumors. However, some patients develop resistance to the treatments, resulting in an increase in mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) form a class of non-coding RNAs with high stability and significant clinical relevance. Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs play a vital role in cancer development and tumor chemotherapy resistance. This review summarizes the molecular and cellular mechanisms of drug resistance mediated by circRNAs to common drugs used in the treatment of genitourinary tumors. Several circRNAs were identified to regulate the responsiveness to systemic treatments in genitourinary tumors, including chemotherapies such as cisplatin and targeted therapies such as enzalutamide. Canonically, cicrRNAs participate in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, or in some cases directly interact with proteins, regulate downstream pathways, and even some circRNAs have the potential to produce proteins or polypeptides. Several cellular mechanisms were involved in circRNA-dependent drug resistance, including autophagy, cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and exosomes. The potential clinical prospect of circRNAs in regulating tumor drug resistance was also discussed.
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Administering Docetaxel for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer 1-6 Days Compared to More Than 14 Days after the Start of LHRH Agonist Is Associated with Better Clinical Outcomes Due to Androgen Flare. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040864. [PMID: 35205611 PMCID: PMC8870394 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hormonal therapy with long-acting luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (MHSPC) results initially in testosterone flare followed by testosterone deprivation. Docetaxel is a chemotherapy that is effective against prostate cancer and specifically targets cells during cell division by stabilizing the mitotic spindle, which results in “mitotic catastrophe” and death of the dividing cancer cells. Combining LHRH and docetaxel was proved to be superior to LHRH treatment alone. Here, we show that simply by providing the first dose of docetaxel during testosterone flare, which occurs 1–6 days after LHRH initiation, patients could have better clinical outcomes, as testosterone drives specifically prostate cells into mitosis, priming them to cell kill by docetaxel. Abstract Docetaxel, when given at the beginning of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (MHSPC), results in significantly longer overall survival than ADT alone. We aimed to investigate if the delivery of the first dose of docetaxel during the testosterone flare associated with LHRH initiation results in better clinical outcomes, as testosterone induces mitosis of prostate cancer cells, and docetaxel specifically targets cells in mitosis. We analyzed data from the CHAARTED trial which randomized MHSPC patients to ADT alone or ADT plus docetaxel. We included only patients treated with LHRH agonist and docetaxel (n = 379). The only cutoff that resulted in differences in treatment outcomes was between patients who started docetaxel 1–6 days (n = 18) compared to more than 14 days from LHRH initiation (n = 297). Actuarial median overall survival was 72 versus 57 months (p = 0.2); progression-free survival was 49 versus 17 months (p = 0.06), and freedom from castrate-resistant prostate cancer was 51 versus 18 months (p = 0.04) for patients who started docetaxel 1–6 days compared to more than 14 days from LHRH initiation, respectively. Administering docetaxel 1–6 days from the initiation of LHRH agonist for patients with MHSPC could be associated with improved clinical outcomes.
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Biomarkers for Treatment Response in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225723. [PMID: 34830878 PMCID: PMC8616385 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death among males. Many treatments are available to manage the disease, but despite this, ultimately advanced prostate cancer is incurable and fatal. In order to improve survival and minimize side effects from these various treatments, the treatments need to be given in an optimal sequence or combination. This optimal use of therapies must be individualized, and biomarkers can be used for these decisions. Biomarkers can be useful in predicting whether a patient will respond to a treatment option and may help avoid use of therapies that are not expected to be effective. Many biomarkers are already in clinical use while many others are currently being investigated and may become part of clinical practice in future. In this review, we discuss both established and novel biomarkers with a role in management of advanced prostate cancer. Abstract Multiple treatment options with different mechanisms of action are currently available for the management of metastatic prostate cancer. However, the optimal use of these therapies—specifically, the sequencing of therapies—is not well defined. In order to obtain the best clinical outcomes, patients need to be treated with the therapies that are most likely to provide benefit and avoid toxic therapies that are unlikely to be effective. Ideally, predictive biomarkers that allow for the selection of the therapies most likely to be of benefit would be employed for each treatment decision. In practice, biomarkers including tumor molecular sequencing, circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cell enumeration and androgen receptor characteristics, and tumor cell surface expression (PSMA), all may have a role in therapy selection. In this review, we define the established prognostic and predictive biomarkers for therapy in advanced prostate cancer and explore emerging biomarkers.
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24
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Francolini G, Loi M, Salvestrini V, Mangoni M, Detti B, Di Cataldo V, Aquilano M, Pinzani P, Salvianti F, Desideri I, Mariotti M, Garlatti P, Stocchi G, Ciccone LP, Lucidi S, Salvatore G, Sottili M, Meattini I, Livi L. Prospective assessment of AR splice variant and PSMA detection on circulating tumor cells of mCRPC patients: preliminary analysis of patients enrolled in PRIMERA trial (NCT04188275). Clin Exp Metastasis 2021; 38:451-458. [PMID: 34410545 PMCID: PMC8510932 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In our institution, a prospective observational trial testing micro-RNA (miRNA) and ARV7 mutational status in metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), is currently recruiting (PRIMERA trial, NCT04188275). A pre-planned interim analysis was performed when 50% of the planned accrual was reached. In this report, we explored the predictive value of Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) detection in mCRPC patients undergoing 1st line therapy. Moreover, ARV7, ARFL, PSMA and PSA expression on CTC was reported to explore potential correlation with patient prognosis and response to therapy. PRIMERA is a prospective observational trial enrolling mCRPC patients undergoing standard treatment (ARTA + ADT) after I line ADT failure. Clinical and pathological features were collected. Outcomes selected for this preliminary analysis were time to castration resistance (TTCR), PSA at 8 weeks after ARTA therapy start, PSA drop at 8 weeks, Overall PSA drop, PSA nadir. Correlation between these outcomes and CTC detection was tested. Expression of ARV7, ARFL, PSA and PSMA was explored in CTC+ patients to assess their prevalence in this cohort and their impact on selected outcomes. Median TTCR was significantly shorter in CTC+ vs CTC− patients (32.3 vs 75 months, respectively, p = 0.03) and in ARFL+ vs ARFL− patients (30.2 vs 51.1 months, respectively, p = 0.02). ARV7, PSMA and PSA expression on CTC had no impact on median TTCR, nor on biochemical response to therapy. Patients in whom CTC and ARFL expression were detected had significant reduced TTCR. However, PSA response was not influenced by CTCs detection and specific biomarkers expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Francolini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - M Loi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - V Salvestrini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Mangoni
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - B Detti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - V Di Cataldo
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - M Aquilano
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Pinzani
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F Salvianti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - I Desideri
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Mariotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Garlatti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Stocchi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L P Ciccone
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Lucidi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Salvatore
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Sottili
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - I Meattini
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - L Livi
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Radiation Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Largo G. A. Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
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Harada K, Shiota M, Minato A, Matsumoto M, Tomisaki I, Fujisawa M, Fujimoto N. Treatment Strategies for Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: From "All-Comers" to "Personalized" Approach. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2967-2974. [PMID: 33981146 PMCID: PMC8107048 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s306345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard treatment for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) was androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) for >7 decades, and this was termed the “all-comers” approach. A remarkable evolution in the treatment of mCSPC has been noted in the previous several years. High-quality clinical trials have shown that the addition of docetaxel or androgen receptor pathway inhibitors, such as abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and apalutamide, to ADT improves the overall survival (OS) as compared to ADT alone. The first 2 trials demonstrated the benefits of docetaxel and abiraterone acetate in terms of OS in high-volume and high-risk cancer subgroups, respectively. The later trials indicated that upfront combination therapies were associated with improved OS in all patients, irrespective of tumor volume and risk category. Upfront combination therapies are becoming a standard of care for all patients with mCSPC. However, meta-analyses have failed to show that all upfront combination therapies provide significant survival benefits in all patient subgroups. In the low-volume subgroup, significance was observed only for treatment with enzalutamide and radiation to the prostate. Men with low-volume low-risk cancer who have favorable response to ADT achieve long-term survival with ADT only, and toxicities induced by combination therapies would exceed the benefit for these patients. Treatments should be tailored to each patient because mCSPC has marked diversity in its biological and clinical features. Recent advances in diagnostic and molecular technologies will provide useful prognostic and predictive biomarkers, and the treatment strategy will shift from the “for all-comers” to the “individualized” approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Harada
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiota
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akinori Minato
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
| | - Masahiro Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
| | - Ikko Tomisaki
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naohiro Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8556, Japan
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26
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Ouyang W, Zhang Y, Long G, Sun G, Liu M, Li F, Yang C, Zeng X, Yang J, Yu X, Wang Z, Liu Z, Guan W, Hu Z, Wang S, Liu X, Li H, Xu H, Ye Z. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 detected by immunohistochemical is an independent poor prognostic marker in men receiving adjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy. Biomark Res 2021; 9:23. [PMID: 33789757 PMCID: PMC8011087 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00276-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the predictive value of AR-V7 expression detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) in the prognosis of prostate cancer patients receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) following radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods We retrospectively collected data of 110 patients with prostate cancer receiving RP, followed by AHT, from Tongji hospital. IHC analysis of AR-V7 expression was performed in a retrospective cohort. Results In total, 110 patients were enrolled, of whom 21 patients (19.1%) were AR-V7-positive and 89 patients (80.9%) were AR-V7-negative. No significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between the two groups. AR-V7-positive patients had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 4.26; 95% CI, 1.55 to 11.68; P = 0.003), shorter cancer-special survival (CSS) (HR: 22.47; 95% CI, 2.912 to 173.4; P = 0.003) and shorter overall survival (OS) (HR: 6.61; 95% CI, 1.40 to 31.20; P = 0.017) compared to AR-V7-negative patients. In multivariate analysis, AR-V7 is an independent risk factor for shorter PFS (HR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.63 to 8.70; P = 0.002), shorter CSS (HR: 9.17; 95% CI, 1.48 to 55.56; P = 0.017) and shorter OS (HR: 4.81; 95% CI, 1.28 to 17.86; P = 0.020). Conclusion The presence of AR-V7 in prostate cancer tissue is independently associated with an unfavorable prognosis for PFS, OS and CSS in patients who received AHT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-021-00276-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ouyang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gongwei Long
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunguang Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiquan Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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