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Ma J, Zhang M, Fu P, Yin X, Chen Z. Chemokines play a role in nerve damage and neuroprotection in vascular dementia. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 17:154-160. [PMID: 39206161 PMCID: PMC11350449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Various Chemotactic Factors (FCs) play different roles in neuronal injury in vascular dementia. CXCL5 and CCL11 exacerbate neurological injury by promoting inflammatory responses. CXCL12/SDF-1 and CX3CL1 play neuroprotective roles.CXCL13, XCL-1 and CCL2/ MCP-1 exacerbate neurological injury in the early stage, while exerting neuronal regeneration and neuroprotective effects in the chronic progressive phase. Chemokines often play an important role in the course of vascular dementia by regulating inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Activation of microglia plays an important role in the regression of vascular dementia. Activated microglia M1 causes neuronal damage through the release of chemokines. And microglia M2 has anti-inflammatory effects and is involved in the repair of brain damage. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of various related FCs and understanding the relationship between FCs and microglia can help to understand and regulate the disease course progression of vascular dementia.At present, many scholars have confirmed in basic research that different subgroups of chemokines are closely related to vascular dementia. In clinical research, new immunotherapy methods that upregulate XCL-1 and drugs that regulate the activity of CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathways are being studied and promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang,Jiangxi, 332000, China
| | - Manqing Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 332000, China
| | - Peijie Fu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang,Jiangxi, 332000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang,Jiangxi, 332000, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi,332000, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang,Jiangxi, 332000, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi,332000, China
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Zhou J, Zhang L, Peng J, Zhang X, Zhang F, Wu Y, Huang A, Du F, Liao Y, He Y, Xie Y, Gu L, Kuang C, Ou W, Xie M, Tu T, Pang J, Zhang D, Guo K, Feng Y, Yin S, Cao Y, Li T, Jiang Y. Astrocytic LRP1 enables mitochondria transfer to neurons and mitigates brain ischemic stroke by suppressing ARF1 lactylation. Cell Metab 2024; 36:2054-2068.e14. [PMID: 38906140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) is an endocytic/signaling cell-surface receptor that regulates diverse cellular functions, including cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. LRP1 has been previously implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, but there are inconsistencies in its functions. Therefore, whether and how LRP1 maintains brain homeostasis remains to be clarified. Here, we report that astrocytic LRP1 promotes astrocyte-to-neuron mitochondria transfer by reducing lactate production and ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) lactylation. In astrocytes, LRP1 suppressed glucose uptake, glycolysis, and lactate production, leading to reduced lactylation of ARF1. Suppression of astrocytic LRP1 reduced mitochondria transfer into damaged neurons and worsened ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we examined lactate levels in human patients with stroke. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate was elevated in stroke patients and inversely correlated with astrocytic mitochondria. These findings reveal a protective role of LRP1 in brain ischemic stroke by enabling mitochondria-mediated astrocyte-neuron crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An Huang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fengling Du
- Department of Neonatology, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuyan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yijing He
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuke Xie
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Long Gu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chenghao Kuang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wei Ou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Maodi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianqi Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kecheng Guo
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shigang Yin
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Aderinto N, Olatunji G, Kokori E, Sanker V, Yusuf IA, Adefusi TO, Egbunu E, Aboje JE, Apampa OO, Ogieuhi IJ, Obasanjo OM, Awuah WA. miR-210 in ischaemic stroke: biomarker potential, challenges and future perspectives. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:432. [PMID: 39180099 PMCID: PMC11342498 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-02029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic stroke, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, necessitates effective biomarkers for enhanced diagnostic and prognostic stratification. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), particularly miR-210, have emerged as promising candidates due to their intricate regulatory roles in cellular responses to hypoxia and neuroprotective effects. This study explores the potential of miR-210 as a biomarker for ischaemic stroke, considering its expression patterns, regulatory functions and diagnostic/prognostic implications. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science to identify studies focusing on miR-210 in ischaemic stroke. Inclusion criteria comprised reports on miR-210 expression in ischaemic stroke patients, excluding non-English studies, reviews, commentaries and conference abstracts lacking primary data. Studies investigating miR-210 levels in ischaemic stroke patients revealed significant alterations in expression patterns compared to healthy controls. Diagnostic potential was explored, indicating miR-210's sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing ischaemic stroke from other neurological conditions. Prognostic value was evident through associations with infarct size, functional outcomes and long-term survival. Challenges included variability in miR-210 levels, limited diagnostic specificity, absence of standardised assays and concerns regarding cost-effectiveness and accessibility. While miR-210 holds promise as an ischaemic stroke biomarker, challenges must be addressed for its successful integration into clinical practice. Standardised reference ranges, validation studies in diverse populations and collaborative efforts for assay standardisation are crucial. Despite challenges, miR-210's diagnostic and prognostic potential, particularly in predicting therapeutic responses, suggests a significant role in advancing ischaemic stroke management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
| | - Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Kokori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Vivek Sanker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Trivandrum Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Ismaila Ajayi Yusuf
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ife, Nigeria
| | | | | | - John Ehi Aboje
- College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Benue, Nigeria
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Li Q, Wang B, Yang J, Wang Y, Duan F, Luo M, Zhao C, Wei W, Wang L, Liu S. Preliminary Analysis of Aging-Related Genes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Integration of Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Technology. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:2719-2740. [PMID: 38883702 PMCID: PMC11180471 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s457480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is recognized as the key risk for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The detailed mechanisms of aging in ICH warrant exploration. This study aimed to identify potential aging-related genes associated with ICH. Methods ICH-specific aging-related genes were determined by the intersection of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between perihematomal tissues and corresponding contralateral parts of four patients with ICH (GSE24265) and 349 aging-related genes obtained from the Aging Atlas database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analyses were performed to identify the potential biological functions and pathways in which these ICH-specific aging-related genes may be involved. Then, PPI network was established to identify the hub genes of ICH-specific aging-related genes. Meanwhile, miRNA-mRNA and transcription factor (TF)-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed to further explore the ICH-specific aging-related genes regulation. The relationship between these hub genes and immune infiltration was also further explored. Additional single-cell RNA-seq analysis (scRNA-seq, GSE167593) was used to locate the hub genes in different cell types. Besides, expression levels of the hub genes were validated using clinical samples from our institute and another GEO dataset (GSE206971). Results This study identified 24 ICH-specific aging-related genes, including 22 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated genes. The results of GO and KEGG suggested that the ICH-specific aging-related genes mainly enriched in immunity and inflammation-related pathways, suggesting that aging may affect the ich pathogenesis by regulating inflammatory and immune-related pathways. Conclusion Our study revealed 24 ICH-specific aging-related genes and their functions highly pertinent to ICH pathogenesis, providing new insights into the impact of aging on ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Faliang Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chungang Zhao
- Jilin Jianda Modern Agricultural Research Institute, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Huanggang Central Hospital of Yangtze University, Huanggang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Liu
- Brain Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Practice, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Tong P, Zhang J, Liu S, An J, Jing G, Ma L, Wang R, Wang Z. miRNA-142-3p aggravates hydrogen peroxide-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell premature senescence by targeting SIRT1. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231511. [PMID: 38663003 PMCID: PMC11096645 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell premature senescence plays an important part in stroke. Many microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be involved in the pathological process of vascular endothelial cell premature senescence. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced premature senescence in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and effect of miR-142-3p on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced premature senescence. HUVECs were exposed to H2O2 to establish a model premature senescence in endothelial cells. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell viability. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining assay and senescence-related proteins p16 and p21 were used to detect changes in the degree of cell senescence. RT-qPCR and Western blot were conducted to measure mRNA and protein levels, respectively. The scratch wound-healing assay, transwell assay, and EdU assay were performed to evaluate the ability of migration and proliferation, respectively. miRNA-142-3p and silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) binding was verified using Targetscan software and a dual-luciferase assay. We found that miRNA-142-3p is abnormally up-regulated in HUVECs treated with H2O2. Functionally, miRNA-142-3p inhibition may mitigate the degree of HUVEC senescence and improve HUVEC migration and proliferation. Mechanistically, SIRT1 was validated to be targeted by miRNA-142-3p in HUVECs. Moreover, SIRT1 inhibition reversed the effects of miRNA-142-3p inhibition on senescent HUVECs exposed to H2O2. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that miRNA-142-3p ameliorates H2O2-induced HUVECs premature senescence by targeting SIRT1 and may shed light on the role of the miR-142-3p/SIRT1 axis in stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Jingke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jiyang An
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Gehan Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Laifeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450006, China
| | - Ruihua Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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Cong L, He Y, Wu Y, Li Z, Ding S, Liang W, Xiao X, Zhang H, Wang L. Discovery and validation of molecular patterns and immune characteristics in the peripheral blood of ischemic stroke patients. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17208. [PMID: 38650649 PMCID: PMC11034498 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is a disease with high morbidity, disability, and mortality. Immune factors play a crucial role in the occurrence of ischemic stroke (IS), but their exact mechanism is not clear. This study aims to identify possible immunological mechanisms by recognizing immune-related biomarkers and evaluating the infiltration pattern of immune cells. Methods We downloaded datasets of IS patients from GEO, applied R language to discover differentially expressed genes, and elucidated their biological functions using GO, KEGG analysis, and GSEA analysis. The hub genes were then obtained using two machine learning algorithms (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE)) and the immune cell infiltration pattern was revealed by CIBERSORT. Gene-drug target networks and mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA regulatory networks were constructed using Cytoscape. Finally, we used RT-qPCR to validate the hub genes and applied logistic regression methods to build diagnostic models validated with ROC curves. Results We screened 188 differentially expressed genes whose functional analysis was enriched to multiple immune-related pathways. Six hub genes (ANTXR2, BAZ2B, C5AR1, PDK4, PPIH, and STK3) were identified using LASSO and SVM-RFE. ANTXR2, BAZ2B, C5AR1, PDK4, and STK3 were positively correlated with neutrophils and gamma delta T cells, and negatively correlated with T follicular helper cells and CD8, while PPIH showed the exact opposite trend. Immune infiltration indicated increased activity of monocytes, macrophages M0, neutrophils, and mast cells, and decreased infiltration of T follicular helper cells and CD8 in the IS group. The ceRNA network consisted of 306 miRNA-mRNA interacting pairs and 285 miRNA-lncRNA interacting pairs. RT-qPCR results indicated that the expression levels of BAZ2B, C5AR1, PDK4, and STK3 were significantly increased in patients with IS. Finally, we developed a diagnostic model based on these four genes. The AUC value of the model was verified to be 0.999 in the training set and 0.940 in the validation set. Conclusion Our research explored the immune-related gene expression modules and provided a specific basis for further study of immunomodulatory therapy of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yijie He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ze Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Siwen Ding
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingjun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Ciechanowska A, Mika J. CC Chemokine Family Members' Modulation as a Novel Approach for Treating Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Injury-A Review of Clinical and Experimental Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3788. [PMID: 38612597 PMCID: PMC11011591 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in modern medicine and pharmacology, damage to the nervous system with various etiologies still poses a challenge to doctors and scientists. Injuries lead to neuroimmunological changes in the central nervous system (CNS), which may result in both secondary damage and the development of tactile and thermal hypersensitivity. In our review, based on the analysis of many experimental and clinical studies, we indicate that the mechanisms occurring both at the level of the brain after direct damage and at the level of the spinal cord after peripheral nerve damage have a common immunological basis. This suggests that there are opportunities for similar pharmacological therapeutic interventions in the damage of various etiologies. Experimental data indicate that after CNS/PNS damage, the levels of 16 among the 28 CC-family chemokines, i.e., CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL11, CCL12, CCL17, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, and CCL22, increase in the brain and/or spinal cord and have strong proinflammatory and/or pronociceptive effects. According to the available literature data, further investigation is still needed for understanding the role of the remaining chemokines, especially six of them which were found in humans but not in mice/rats, i.e., CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL18, and CCL23. Over the past several years, the results of studies in which available pharmacological tools were used indicated that blocking individual receptors, e.g., CCR1 (J113863 and BX513), CCR2 (RS504393, CCX872, INCB3344, and AZ889), CCR3 (SB328437), CCR4 (C021 and AZD-2098), and CCR5 (maraviroc, AZD-5672, and TAK-220), has beneficial effects after damage to both the CNS and PNS. Recently, experimental data have proved that blockades exerted by double antagonists CCR1/3 (UCB 35625) and CCR2/5 (cenicriviroc) have very good anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. In addition, both single (J113863, RS504393, SB328437, C021, and maraviroc) and dual (cenicriviroc) chemokine receptor antagonists enhanced the analgesic effect of opioid drugs. This review will display the evidence that a multidirectional strategy based on the modulation of neuronal-glial-immune interactions can significantly improve the health of patients after CNS and PNS damage by changing the activity of chemokines belonging to the CC family. Moreover, in the case of pain, the combined administration of such antagonists with opioid drugs could reduce therapeutic doses and minimize the risk of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Str., 31-343 Kraków, Poland;
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Lui A, Do T, Alzayat O, Yu N, Phyu S, Santuya HJ, Liang B, Kailash V, Liu D, Inslicht SS, Shahlaie K, Liu D. Tumor Suppressor MicroRNAs in Clinical and Preclinical Trials for Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:426. [PMID: 38675388 PMCID: PMC11054060 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers and neurological disorders are two major types of diseases in humans. We developed the concept called the "Aberrant Cell Cycle Disease (ACCD)" due to the accumulating evidence that shows that two different diseases share the common mechanism of aberrant cell cycle re-entry. The aberrant cell cycle re-entry is manifested as kinase/oncoprotein activation and tumor suppressor (TS) inactivation, which are associated with both tumor growth in cancers and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Therefore, some cancer therapies (e.g., kinase/oncogene inhibition and TS elevation) can be leveraged for neurological treatments. MicroRNA (miR/miRNA) provides a new style of drug-target binding. For example, a single tumor suppressor miRNA (TS-miR/miRNA) can bind to and decrease tens of target kinases/oncogenes, producing much more robust efficacy to block cell cycle re-entry than inhibiting a single kinase/oncogene. In this review, we summarize the miRNAs that are altered in both cancers and neurological disorders, with an emphasis on miRNA drugs that have entered into clinical trials for neurological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Lui
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Timothy Do
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Omar Alzayat
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Nina Yu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Su Phyu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hillary Joy Santuya
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Benjamin Liang
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Vidur Kailash
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Dewey Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Sabra S. Inslicht
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Kiarash Shahlaie
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - DaZhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.L.); (V.K.)
- Mirnova Therapeutics Inc., Davis, CA 95618, USA
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Tregub PP, Kulikov VP, Ibrahimli I, Tregub OF, Volodkin AV, Ignatyuk MA, Kostin AA, Atiakshin DA. Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection after the Intermittent Exposures of Hypercapnic Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3665. [PMID: 38612476 PMCID: PMC11011936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The review introduces the stages of formation and experimental confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the mutual potentiation of neuroprotective effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia during their combined influence (hypercapnic hypoxia). The main focus is on the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the formation of ischemic tolerance in the brain during intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia. Importantly, the combined effect of hypoxia and hypercapnia exerts a more pronounced neuroprotective effect compared to their separate application. Some signaling systems are associated with the predominance of the hypoxic stimulus (HIF-1α, A1 receptors), while others (NF-κB, antioxidant activity, inhibition of apoptosis, maintenance of selective blood-brain barrier permeability) are mainly modulated by hypercapnia. Most of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the formation of brain tolerance to ischemia are due to the contribution of both excess carbon dioxide and oxygen deficiency (ATP-dependent potassium channels, chaperones, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial metabolism reprogramming). Overall, experimental studies indicate the dominance of hypercapnia in the neuroprotective effect of its combined action with hypoxia. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hypercapnic-hypoxic training in the treatment of childhood cerebral palsy and diabetic polyneuropathy in children. Combining hypercapnic hypoxia with pharmacological modulators of neuro/cardio/cytoprotection signaling pathways is likely to be promising for translating experimental research into clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel P. Tregub
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Vladimir P. Kulikov
- Department of Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics, Altay State Medical University, 656040 Barnaul, Russia;
| | - Irada Ibrahimli
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Artem V. Volodkin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Michael A. Ignatyuk
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Kostin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Dmitrii A. Atiakshin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
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10
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Saleh RO, Majeed AA, Margiana R, Alkadir OKA, Almalki SG, Ghildiyal P, Samusenkov V, Jabber NK, Mustafa YF, Elawady A. Therapeutic gene delivery by mesenchymal stem cell for brain ischemia damage: Focus on molecular mechanisms in ischemic stroke. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3957. [PMID: 38468129 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic damage is prevalent and the second highest cause of death globally across patient populations; it is as a substantial reason of morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest as a potential treatment for cerebral ischemic damage, as shown in ischemic stroke, because of their potent intrinsic features, which include self-regeneration, immunomodulation, and multi-potency. Additionally, MSCs are easily obtained, isolated, and cultured. Despite this, there are a number of obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of MSC-based treatment, such as adverse microenvironmental conditions both in vivo and in vitro. To overcome these obstacles, the naïve MSC has undergone a number of modification processes to enhance its innate therapeutic qualities. Genetic modification and preconditioning modification (with medications, growth factors, and other substances) are the two main categories into which these modification techniques can be separated. This field has advanced significantly and is still attracting attention and innovation. We examine these cutting-edge methods for preserving and even improving the natural biological functions and therapeutic potential of MSCs in relation to adhesion, migration, homing to the target site, survival, and delayed premature senescence. We address the use of genetically altered MSC in stroke-induced damage. Future strategies for improving the therapeutic result and addressing the difficulties associated with MSC modification are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Majeed
- Department of Pathological Analyses, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ola Kamal A Alkadir
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vadim Samusenkov
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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11
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Zhao B. MiRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Biomark Res 2024; 12:17. [PMID: 38308370 PMCID: PMC10835919 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhagic stroke, most often occurring between the ages of 45 and 60. Hypertension is most often the cause of ICH. Less often, atherosclerosis, blood diseases, inflammatory changes in cerebral vessels, intoxication, vitamin deficiencies, and other reasons cause hemorrhages. Cerebral hemorrhage can occur by diapedesis or as a result of a ruptured vessel. This very dangerous disease is difficult to treat, requires surgery and can lead to disability or death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs (about 18-22 nucleotides) that are involved in a variety of biological processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, etc., through gene repression. A growing number of studies have demonstrated miRNAs deregulation in various cardiovascular diseases, including ICH. In addition, given that computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are either not available or do not show clear signs of possible vessel rupture, accurate and reliable analysis of circulating miRNAs in biological fluids can help in early diagnosis for prevention of ICH and prognosis patient outcome after hemorrhage. In this review, we highlight the up-to-date findings on the deregulated miRNAs in ICH, and the potential use of miRNAs in clinical settings, such as therapeutic targets and non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic biomarker tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Boxian Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
- Harbin Medical University No, 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, China.
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12
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Mehta SL, Arruri V, Vemuganti R. Role of transcription factors, noncoding RNAs, epitranscriptomics, and epigenetics in post-ischemic neuroinflammation. J Neurochem 2024:10.1111/jnc.16055. [PMID: 38279529 PMCID: PMC11272908 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke neuroinflammation is pivotal in brain repair, yet persistent inflammation can aggravate ischemic brain damage and hamper recovery. Following stroke, specific molecules released from brain cells attract and activate central and peripheral immune cells. These immune cells subsequently release diverse inflammatory molecules within the ischemic brain, initiating a sequence of events, including activation of transcription factors in different brain cell types that modulate gene expression and influence outcomes; the interactive action of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) to regulate multiple biological processes including inflammation, epitranscriptomic RNA modification that controls RNA processing, stability, and translation; and epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation, and histone modifications crucial in managing the genic response to stroke. Interactions among these events further affect post-stroke inflammation and shape the depth of ischemic brain damage and functional outcomes. We highlighted these aspects of neuroinflammation in this review and postulate that deciphering these mechanisms is pivotal for identifying therapeutic targets to alleviate post-stroke dysfunction and enhance recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L. Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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13
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Mainali S, Nepal G, Webb A, Fadda P, Mirebrahimi D, Nana-Sinkam P, Worrall B, Woo D, Johnson N, Hamed M. MicroRNA Expression Profile in Acute Ischemic Stroke. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3754883. [PMID: 38260305 PMCID: PMC10802726 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3754883/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (LVO) continues to present a considerable challenge to global health, marked by substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Although definitive diagnostic markers exist in the form of neuroimaging, their expense, limited availability, and potential for diagnostic delay can often result in missed opportunities for life-saving interventions. Despite several past attempts, research efforts to date have been fraught with challenges likely due to multiple factors such as inclusion of diverse stroke types, variable onset intervals, differing pathobiologies, and a range of infarct sizes, all contributing to inconsistent circulating biomarker levels. In this context, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a promising biomarker, demonstrating potential as biomarkers across various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and neurological disorders. These circulating miRNAs embody a wide spectrum of pathophysiological processes, encompassing cell death, inflammation, angiogenesis, neuroprotection, brain plasticity, and blood-brain barrier integrity. This pilot study explores the utility of circulating exosome-enriched extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs as potential biomarkers for anterior circulation LVO (acLVO) stroke. Methods In our longitudinal prospective cohort study, we collected data from acute large vessel occlusion (acLVO) stroke patients at four critical time intervals post-symptom onset: 0-6 hours, 6-12 hours, 12-24 hours, and 5-7 days. For comparative analysis, healthy individuals were included as control subjects. In this study, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from the plasma of participants, and the miRNAs within these EVs were profiled utilizing the NanoString nCounter system. Complementing this, a scoping review was conducted to examine the roles of specific miRNAs such as miR-140-5p, miR-210-3p, and miR-7-5p in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This review involved a targeted PubMed search to assess their influence on crucial pathophysiological pathways in AIS, and their potential applications in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. The review also included an assessment of additional miRNAs linked to stroke. Results Within the first 6 hours of symptom onset, three specific miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-140-5p, and miR-210-3p) exhibited significant differential expression compared to other time points and healthy controls. These miRNAs have previously been associated with neuroprotection, cellular stress responses, and tissue damage, suggesting their potential as early markers of acute ischemic stroke. Conclusion This study highlights the potential of circulating miRNAs as blood-based biomarkers for hyperacute acLVO ischemic stroke. However, further validation in a larger, risk-matched cohort is required. Additionally, investigations are needed to assess the prognostic relevance of these miRNAs by linking their expression profiles with radiological and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Woo
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
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14
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Kafle A, Suttiprapa S. Current State of Knowledge on Blood and Tissue-Based Biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced Cholangiocarcinoma: A Review of Prognostic, Predictive, and Diagnostic Markers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:25-41. [PMID: 38285765 PMCID: PMC10911713 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a prevalent cancer in Southeast Asia, with Opisthorchis viverrini (O.viverrini) infection being the primary risk factor. Most CCA cases in this region are diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to unfavorable prognoses. The development of stage-specific biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma (Ov-CCA) holds crucial significance, as it facilitates early detection and timely administration of curative interventions, effectively mitigating the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease in the Great Mekong region. Biomarkers are a promising approach for early detection, prognosis, and targeted treatment of CCA. Disease-specific biomarkers facilitate early detection and enable monitoring of therapy effectiveness, allowing for any necessary corrections. This review provides an overview of the potential O. viverrini-specific molecular biomarkers and important markers for diagnosing and monitoring Ov-CCA, discussing their prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic value. Despite the limited research in this domain, several potential biomarkers have been identified, encompassing both worm-induced and host-induced factors. This review offers a thorough examination of historical and contemporary progress in identifying biomarkers through multiomics techniques, along with their potential implications for early detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kafle
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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15
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Sun X, Zhang A, Pang B, Wu Y, Shi J, Zhang N, Ye T. Electroacupuncture pretreatment alleviates spasticity after stroke in rats by inducing the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and the gut-brain axis. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148643. [PMID: 37884180 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spasticity is one of the most prevalent ischemic stroke sequelae and the leading cause of disability after stroke. Although electroacupuncture pretreatment has been shown to be effective in the treatment of ischemic stroke, its therapeutic effect and mechanism on post-stroke spasm remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to look into the potential mechanism of electroacupuncture pretreatment in inducing the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway and the gut-brain axis in the therapy of spasm after stroke. METHODS After electroacupuncture treatment at Baihui (DU20) and Qubin (G87), the rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was first established. HE, Nissl, and TUNEL staining were used to detect pathological alterations in the rat brain. The relative levels of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and TMAO were determined by ELISA. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB p65, NLRP3, caspase3 and caspase9. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in rat gut. RESULTS Hippocampal cells from rats with spasticity following stroke in the MCAO group were chaotic and loosely distributed with an unclear border, a blurred nucleolus, and vanished cytoplasm when compared to those from the sham operation group. Furthermore, the number of surviving neurons decreased while the number of apoptotic cells increased. In the I/R group, relative levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and TMAO increased considerably, while NF-κB p65, NLRP3, caspase3, and caspase9 were dramatically downregulated. The intestinal contents of n-propyl acetate and propyl butyrate were lowered in rats with spasticity following stroke. Electroacupuncture treatments miraculously remedied all of the foregoing pathogenic alterations. CONCLUSION Pretreatment with electroacupuncture relieves spasticity after stroke by decreasing the inflammatory response, suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, and modulating the gut-brain axis by increasing n-propyl acetate and propyl butyrate levels in the bowel. Our findings establish a new molecular mechanism and theoretical foundation for electroacupuncture therapy of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqi Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Anbang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingyu Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China.
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Chen Y, Fei X, Liu G, Li X, Huang L, Yang LZ, Li Y, Xu B, Fang W. P-Glycoprotein Exacerbates Brain Injury Following Experimental Cerebral Ischemia by Promoting Proinflammatory Microglia Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6916819. [PMID: 38144707 PMCID: PMC10748718 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6916819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are activated following cerebral ischemic insult. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux transporter on microvascular endothelial cells and upregulated after cerebral ischemia. This study evaluated the effects and possible mechanisms of P-gp on microglial polarization/activation in mice after ischemic stroke. P-gp-specific siRNA and adeno-associated virus (p-AAV) were used to silence and overexpress P-gp, respectively. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) were performed in mice and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) in vitro, respectively. OGD/R-injured bEnd.3 cells were cocultured with mouse microglial cells (BV2) in Transwell. Influences on acute ischemic stroke outcome, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines and chemokines receptors, microglial polarization, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) nuclear translocation, and GR-mediated mRNA decay (GMD) activation were evaluated via reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, or immunofluorescence. Silencing P-gp markedly alleviated experimental ischemia injury as indicated by reduced cerebral infarct size, improved neurological deficits, and reduced the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-12 expression. Silencing P-gp also mitigated proinflammatory microglial polarization and the expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and its receptor CCR2 expression, whereas promoted anti-inflammatory microglia polarization. Additionally, P-gp silencing promoted GR nuclear translocation and the expression of GMD relative proteins in endothelial cells. Conversely, overexpressing P-gp via p-AAV transfection offset all these effects. Furthermore, silencing endothelial GR counteracted all effects mediated by silencing or overexpressing P-gp. Elevated P-gp expression aggravated inflammatory response and brain damage after ischemic stroke by augmenting proinflammatory microglial polarization in association with increased endothelial CCL2 release due to GMD inhibition by P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ge Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lele Zixin Yang
- Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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Xu D, Guo Q. miR-26a Improves Microglial Activation and Neuronal Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Cerebral Infarction by Regulating the TREM1-TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Axis. Dev Neurosci 2023; 46:221-236. [PMID: 37703835 DOI: 10.1159/000533813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have indicated that abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) are related to the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, the function of miR-26a in neuronal damage and microglial activation during cerebral infarction remains elusive. It was revealed that miR-26a was downregulated in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated microglia and neurons. Overexpressing miR-26a reduced the inflammatory reaction in BV2 cells and decreased neuronal apoptosis following OGD stimulation. miR-26a upregulation inactivated the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and inhibited TREM1 expression. Repressing NF-κB phosphorylation inhibited the miR-26a level. As supported by the dual-luciferase reporter assay, TREM1 was directly targeted by miR-26a. Furthermore, a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was built. We discovered that miR-26a improved cognitive, learning, and motor functions and reduced cerebral edema in MCAO rats. Mechanistically, upregulating miR-26a reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis by mitigating the TREM1-TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway in the MCAO rat model. Collectively, this study verified that the miR-26a-TREM1-TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis contributes to modulating OGD-mediated microglial activation and neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Bazhong Central Hospital, Bazhong, China
| | - Qi'an Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,
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18
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Tregub PP, Ibrahimli I, Averchuk AS, Salmina AB, Litvitskiy PF, Manasova ZS, Popova IA. The Role of microRNAs in Epigenetic Regulation of Signaling Pathways in Neurological Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12899. [PMID: 37629078 PMCID: PMC10454825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, there has been a significant increase in researchers' interest in the functions of microRNAs and the role of these molecules in the pathogenesis of many multifactorial diseases. This is related to the diagnostic and prognostic potential of microRNA expression levels as well as the prospects of using it in personalized targeted therapy. This review of the literature analyzes existing scientific data on the involvement of microRNAs in the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury, and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel P. Tregub
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irada Ibrahimli
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alla B. Salmina
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Peter F. Litvitskiy
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Zaripat Sh. Manasova
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Inga A. Popova
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Kunze R, Fischer S, Marti HH, Preissner KT. Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:64. [PMID: 37550658 PMCID: PMC10405513 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, as well as the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease are accompanied or even powered by danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), defined as endogenous molecules released from stressed or damaged tissue. Besides protein-related DAMPs or "alarmins", numerous nucleic acid DAMPs exist in body fluids, such as cell-free nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as different species of extracellular RNA, collectively termed as self-extracellular nucleic acids (SENAs). Among these, microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and extracellular ribosomal RNA constitute the majority of RNA-based DAMPs. Upon tissue injury, necrosis or apoptosis, such SENAs are released from neuronal, immune and other cells predominantly in association with extracellular vesicles and may be translocated to target cells where they can induce intracellular regulatory pathways in gene transcription and translation. The majority of SENA-induced signaling reactions in the brain appear to be related to neuroinflammatory processes, often causally associated with the onset or progression of the respective disease. In this review, the impact of the diverse types of SENAs on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed. Based on the accumulating knowledge in this field, several specific antagonistic approaches are presented that could serve as therapeutic interventions to lower the pathological outcome of the indicated brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hugo H. Marti
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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20
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Qiu H, Ni C, Jia C, Rong X, Chu M, Wu R, Han B. CircRNA7632 down-regulation alleviates endothelial cell dysfunction in Kawasaki disease via regulating IL-33 expression. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:363-374. [PMID: 37166618 PMCID: PMC10352195 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of idiopathic vasculitis frequently accompanied by coronary artery lesions, which involves endothelial dysfunction. Recent studies have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in many cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have examined the role of circRNAs on endothelial dysfunction in KD. In this study, we investigated the role of circ7632 on endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in KD and then explored the underlying mechanism. Children diagnosed with KD and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were included. Sera samples were collected. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were obtained and incubated with 15% HC and KD serum for 48 h. The mRNA and protein expression of mesenchymal markers vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and endothelial marker zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in HUVECs transfected with plasmid-circ7632 and si-circ7632 were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. CCK8, scratch test, and migration test were performed to examine the effect of circ7632 on the cell proliferation and migration. The circ7632 level was higher in HUVECs treated by KD serum than in HUVECs treated with HC serum. Overexpression of circ7632 significantly increased vimentin and α-SMA expression, decreased ZO-1 expression, and also decreased cell proliferation. Down-regulation of circ7632 expression got the opposite results. RNA-seq analysis, and confirmatory experiment displayed that down-regulation of circ7632 decreased IL-33 expression, and IL-33 silencing mitigated KD serum-mediated EndoMT. Our study revealed that circ7632 level was elevated in KD serum-treated HUVECs. Circ7632 down-regulation could alleviate EndoMT likely through decreasing IL-33 expression. The circ7632 may become a potential therapeutic target for KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Qiu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chao Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chang Jia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Xing Rong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Maoping Chu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Rongzhou Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Bo Han
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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21
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Zhang H, Xing Z, Zheng J, Shi J, Cui C. Ursolic acid ameliorates traumatic brain injury in mice by regulating microRNA-141-mediated PDCD4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110258. [PMID: 37244112 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal apoptosis and inflammation are the key pathogenic features of secondary brain injury, which results in the neurological impairment that traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients experience. Ursolic Acid (UA) has been shown to have neuroprotective properties against brain damage, however, detailed mechanisms have not been fully disclosed. Research on brain-related microRNAs (miRNAs) has opened up new possibilities for the neuroprotective treatment of UA by manipulating miRNAs. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of UA on neuronal apoptosis and the inflammatory response in TBI mice. METHODS The mice's neurologic condition was assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM). Cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation were utilized to examine the impact of UA on neuronal pathological damage. miR-141-3p was selected to evaluate whether UA influences miRNAs in a way that has neuroprotective benefits. RESULTS The results showed that UA markedly decreased brain edema and neuronal mortality through oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in TBI mice. Using data from the GEO database, we found that miR-141-3p was considerably downregulated in TBI mice and that this downregulation was reversed by UA treatment. Further studies have shown that UA regulates miR-141-3p expression to exhibit its neuroprotective effect in mouse models and cell injury models. Then, miR-141-3p was discovered to directly target PDCD4 in TBI mice and neurons, a well-known PI3K/AKT pathway regulator in the neurons. Most importantly, the upregulation of phosphorylated (p)-AKT and p-PI3K provided the most compelling evidence that UA reactivated the PI3K/AKT pathway in the TBI mouse model, which was through regulating miR-141-3p. CONCLUSION Our findings support the notion that UA can improve TBI by modulating miR-141 mediated PDCD4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Zhenyi Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China
| | - Jiantao Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chong'qing 40000, China
| | - Chengxi Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, Henan, China
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Liang X, Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Mai J, Deng Y, Du X. Identification and comparative analysis of miRNA transcriptomes after allograft and xenograft transplantation in Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 137:108752. [PMID: 37080325 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Effective immune regulation after transplantation during pearl production is crucial for the cultivation of high-quality pearls. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in a variety of physiological processes. To understand the regulatory rules of miRNAs after transplantation in Pinctada funcata martensii, we constructed 13 miRNA transcriptomes, including the control group (Con), allograft (Al), and xenograft (Xe) transplantation at six time points (6, 12, and 24 h and 3, 6, and 12 days), in which the xenografted mantle tissue was from Pinctada maxima. We identified 159 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and found that these DEMs showed high expression at 12 h, 24 h, and 3 days after transplantation. A total of 130 DEMs, such as Let-7, were present in the Al and Xe groups; miR-34 and 16 other DEMs were specifically present in the Al group; miR-216b and 13 other DEMs were specifically present in the Xe group. Compared with the Con group, the target genes of DEMs in the Al group were significantly enriched in protein complex, cytoskeleton, and macromolecular complex, and the Xe group was significantly enriched in ribonucleoside metabolic process, nucleoside binding, and cell division. Compared with the Al group, the target genes in the Xe group were significantly enriched in response to DNA damage stimulation. Overall, multiple pathways associated with cellular activity were enriched in higher numbers of genes in the Xe group than in the Al group. These findings enriched the information on immune regulatory mechanisms at the expression level of miRNAs in P. f. martensii after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Liang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Jieni Mai
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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23
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Marwarha G, Slagsvold KH, Høydal MA. NF-κB Transcriptional Activity Indispensably Mediates Hypoxia–Reoxygenation Stress-Induced microRNA-210 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076618. [PMID: 37047592 PMCID: PMC10095479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia–reperfusion (I-R) injury is a cardinal pathophysiological hallmark of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Despite significant advances in the understanding of what causes I-R injury and hypoxia–reoxygenation (H-R) stress, viable molecular strategies that could be targeted for the treatment of the deleterious biochemical pathways activated during I-R remain elusive. The master hypoxamiR, microRNA-210 (miR-210), is a major determinant of protective cellular adaptation to hypoxia stress but exacerbates apoptotic cell death during cellular reoxygenation. While the hypoxia-induced transcriptional up-regulation of miR-210 is well delineated, the cellular mechanisms and molecular entities that regulate the transcriptional induction of miR-210 during the cellular reoxygenation phase have not been elucidated yet. Herein, in immortalized AC-16 cardiomyocytes, we delineated the indispensable role of the ubiquitously expressed transcription factor, NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) in H-R-induced miR-210 expression during cellular reoxygenation. Using dominant negative and dominant active expression vectors encoding kinases to competitively inhibit NF-κB activation, we elucidated NF-κB activation as a significant mediator of H-R-induced miR-210 expression. Ensuing molecular assays revealed a direct NF-κB-mediated transcriptional up-regulation of miR-210 expression in response to the H-R challenge that is characterized by the NF-κB-mediated reorchestration of the entire repertoire of histone modification changes that are a signatory of a permissive actively transcribed miR-210 promoter. Our study confers a novel insight identifying NF-κB as a potential novel molecular target to combat H-R-elicited miR-210 expression that fosters augmented cardiomyocyte cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Marwarha
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Katrine Hordnes Slagsvold
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Andre Høydal
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway
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Li Y, Song R, Shen G, Huang L, Xiao D, Ma Q, Zhang L. MicroRNA-210 Downregulates TET2 (Ten-Eleven Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2) and Contributes to Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke of Adult Mice. Stroke 2023; 54:857-867. [PMID: 36734233 PMCID: PMC10151037 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.041651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Neuroinflammation plays a key role in acute brain injury of ischemic stroke. MicroRNA-210 (miR210) is the master hypoxamir and regulates microglial activation and inflammation in a variety of diseases. In this study, we uncovered the mechanism of miR210 in orchestrating ischemic stroke-induced neuroinflammation through repression of TET2 (ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2) in the adult mouse brain. METHODS Ischemic stroke was induced in adult WT (wild type) or miR210 KO (miR210 deficient) mice by transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Injection of TET2 silencing RNA or miR210 complementary locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides, or miR210 KO mice were used to validate miR210-TET2 axis and its role in ischemic brain injury. Furthermore, the effect of TET2 overexpression on miR210-stimulated proinflammatory cytokines was examined in BV2 microglia. Post assays included magnetic resonance imaging scan for brain infarct size; neurobehavioral tests, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot for miR210; and TET2 levels, flow cytometry, and ELISA for neuroinflammation in the brain after stroke or microglia in vitro. RESULTS miR210 injection significantly reduced TET2 protein abundance in the brain, while miR210 complementary locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides or miR210 KO preserved TET2 regardless of ischemic brain injury. TET2 knockdown reversed the protective effects of miR210 inhibition or miR210 KO on ischemic stroke-induced brain infarct size and neurobehavioral deficits. Moreover, flow cytometry and ELISA assays showed that TET2 knockdown also significantly dampened the anti-inflammatory effect of miR210 inhibition on microglial activation and IL (interleukin)-6 release after stroke. In addition, overexpression of TET2 in BV2 microglia counteracted miR210-induced increase in cytokines. CONCLUSIONS miR210 inhibition reduced ischemic stroke-induced neuroinflammatory response via repression of TET2 in the adult mouse brain, suggesting that miR210 is a potential treatment target for acute brain injury after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Rui Song
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Guofang Shen
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - DaLiao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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25
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Cheng Z, Li X, Ye X, Yu R, Deng Y. Purpurogallin Reverses Neuronal Apoptosis and Enhances "M2" Polarization of Microglia Under Ischemia via Mediating the miR-124-3p/TRAF6/NF-κB Axis. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:375-392. [PMID: 36131212 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpurogallin (PPG) has been demonstrated to exert an anti-inflammatory function in neurological diseases. This study aimed at investigating the role of PPG on microglial polarization post ischemic stroke as well as the underlying mechanism. Mouse hippocampal neurons HT-22 and microglial BV2 cells were treated by oxygen and glucose deprivation to simulate an in-vitro ischemia model. qRT-PCR and ELISA examined expression of cytokines in microglia. CCK8 and flow cytometry measured HT-22 cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The levels of miR-124-3p and TRAF6/NF-κB were determined. A mouse cerebral ischemia model was set up using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. After being dealt with PPG, the neurological functions, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, and microglia activation of the mice were evaluated. As suggested by the results, PPG transformed "M1" to "M2" polarization of BV2 cells, and abated HT-22 cell apoptosis. PPG enhanced the neurological functions, alleviated brain edema, and decreased neuroinflammatory responses, and neuronal apoptosis in the brain lesions of MCAO mice. Furthermore, PPG enhanced miR-124-3p and repressed the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway. miR-124-3p suppressed the TRAF6/NF-κB pathway by targeting TRAF6. Collectively, PPG alleviates ischemia-induced neuronal damage and microglial inflammation by modulating the miR-124-3p/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanchang First Hospital, No.128 Xiangshan North Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xinming Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanchang First Hospital, No.128 Xiangshan North Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Ye
- Department of Oncology, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Department of Neurology, Nanchang First Hospital, No.128 Xiangshan North Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Youqing Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanchang First Hospital, No.128 Xiangshan North Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Wang J, Bian L, Du Y, Wang D, Jiang R, Lu J, Zhao X. The roles of chemokines following intracerebral hemorrhage in animal models and humans. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1091498. [PMID: 36704330 PMCID: PMC9871786 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1091498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one common yet devastating stroke subtype, imposing considerable burdens on families and society. Current guidelines are limited to symptomatic treatments after ICH, and the death rate remains significant in the acute stage. Thus, it is crucial to promote research to develop new targets on brain injury after ICH. In response to hematoma formation, amounts of chemokines are released in the brain, triggering the infiltration of resident immune cells in the brain and the chemotaxis of peripheral immune cells via the broken blood-brain barrier. During the past decades, mounting studies have focused on the roles of chemokines and their receptors in ICH injury. This review summarizes the latest advances in the study of chemokine functions in the ICH. First, we provide an overview of ICH epidemiology and underlying injury mechanisms in the pathogenesis of ICH. Second, we introduce the biology of chemokines and their receptors in brief. Third, we outline the roles of chemokines in ICH according to subgroups, including CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL12, CCL17, CXCL8, CXCL12, and CX3CL1. Finally, we summarize current drug usage targeting chemokines in ICH and other cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. This review discusses the expressions of these chemokines and receptors under normal or hemorrhagic conditions and cell-specific sources. Above all, we highlight the related data of these chemokines in the progression and outcomes of the ICH disease in preclinical and clinical studies and point to therapeutic opportunities targeting chemokines productions and interactions in treating ICH, such as accelerating hematoma absorption and alleviating brain edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liheng Bian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixuan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jingjing Lu, ✉
| | - Xingquan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China,Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Xingquan Zhao, ✉
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27
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Shen G, Sanchez K, Hu S, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Ma Q. 3D doppler ultrasound imaging of cerebral blood flow for assessment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285434. [PMID: 37159455 PMCID: PMC10168578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) acutely reduces in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Clinic studies have reported that severe CBF impairment can predict HIE outcomes in neonates. Herein, the present study uses a non-invasive 3D ultrasound imaging approach to evaluate the changes of CBF after HI insult, and explores the correlation between CBF alterations and HI-induced brain infarct in mouse pups. The neonatal HI brain injury was induced in postnatal day 7 mouse pups using the Rice-Vannucci model. Non-invasive 3D ultrasound imaging was conducted to image CBF changes with multiple frequencies on mouse pups before common carotid artery (CCA) ligation, immediately after ligation, and 0 or 24 hours after HI. Vascularity ratio of the ipsilateral hemisphere was acutely reduced after unilateral ligation of the CCA alone or in combination with hypoxia, and partially restored at 24 hours after HI. Moreover, regression analysis showed that the vascularity ratio of ipsilateral hemisphere was moderately correlated with brain infarct size 24 hours after HI, indicating that CBF reduction contributes to of HI brain injury. To further verify the association between CBF and HI-induced brain injury, a neuropeptide C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) or PBS was intranasally administrated to the brain of mouse pups one hour after HI insult. Brain infarction, CBF imaging and long-term neurobehavioral tests were conducted. The result showed that intranasal administration of CNP preserved ipsilateral CBF, reduced the infarct size, and improved neurological function after HI brain injury. Our findings suggest that CBF alteration is an indicator for neonatal HI brain injury, and 3D ultrasound imaging is a useful non-invasive approach for assessment of HI brain injury in mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Shen
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies Translational Science, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America
| | - Kayla Sanchez
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Shirley Hu
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Department of Basic Sciences, The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States of America
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m(6)A methyltransferase METTL3 relieves cognitive impairment of hyperuricemia mice via inactivating MyD88/NF-κB pathway mediated NLRP3-ASC-Caspase1 inflammasome. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109375. [PMID: 36461592 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have uncovered that hyperuricemia (HUA) leads to cognitive deficits, which are accompanied by neuronal damage and neuroinflammation. Here, we aim to explore the role of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in HUA-mediated neuronal apoptosis and microglial inflammation. METHODS A HUA mouse model was constructed. The spatial memory ability of the mice was assessed by the Morris water maze experiment (MWM), and neuronal apoptosis was analyzed by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Besides, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to measure the contents of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, and CAT) in the serum of mice. In vitro, the mouse hippocampal neuron (HT22) and microglia (BV2) were treated with uric acid (UA). Flow cytometry was applied to analyze HT22 and BV2 cell apoptosis, and ELISA was conducted to observe neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, the expression of MyD88, p-NF-κB, NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC and Caspase1 was determined by Western blot. RESULTS METTL3 and miR-124-3p were down-regulated, while the MyD88-NF-κB pathway was activated in the HUA mouse model. UA treatment induced neuronal apoptosis in HT22 and stimulated microglial activation in BV2. Overexpressing METTL3 alleviated HT22 neuronal apoptosis and resisted the release of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress mediators in BV2 cells. METTL3 repressed MyD88-NF-κB and NLRP3-ASC-Caspase1 inflammasome. In addition, METTL3 overexpression enhanced miR-124-3p expression, while METTL3 knockdown aggravated HT22 cell apoptosis and BV2 cell overactivation. CONCLUSION METTL3 improves neuronal apoptosis and microglial activation in the HUA model by choking the MyD88/NF-κB pathway and up-regulating miR-124-3p.
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Metabolism-dependent ferroptosis promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in CD4 + T lymphocytes in HIV-infected immune non-responders. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104382. [PMID: 36462403 PMCID: PMC9718960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HIV immune non-responders (INRs) are described as a failure to reestablish a pool of CD4+ T lymphocytes (CD4 cells) after antiretroviral therapy (ART), which is related to poor clinical results. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death characterised by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The mechanism of unrecoverable CD4 cells in INRs and whether ferroptosis plays a role are not fully understood. METHODS Ninety-two people living with HIV (PLHIVs) who experienced four-year ART with sustained viral suppression, including 27 INRs, 34 partial responders (PRs), and 31 complete responders (CRs); and 26 uninfected control participants (UCs) were analysed for 16 immune parameters with flow cytometry. Then plasma lipid, iron and oxidation, and antioxidant indicators were detected by ELISA, and CD4 cells were sorted out and visualised under transmission electron microscopy. Finally, ferroptosis inhibitors were added, and alterations in CD4 cell phenotype and function were observed. FINDINGS We found decreased recent thymic emigrants (RTE), over-activation and over-proliferation phenotypes, diminished killing function, decreased IL-7R and more severe inflammation; increased lipid peroxidation in the mitochondria and disruptions of the mitochondrial structure, showing typical features of ferroptosis in CD4 cells in INRs. Additionally, ferroptosis inhibitors could reduce inflammation and repair mitochondrial damage. Meanwhile, ELISA results showed increased plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and an imbalance of oxidative and antioxidant systems in INRs. Flow cytometry results displayed alterations of both transferrin receptor (CD71) and lipid transporter (CD36) expressions on the surface of CD4 cells. Mechanistically, there was a stronger correlation between CD36 expression and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation production, ferroptosis makers, and inflammation indicators; while amino acid transporter (CD98) was more related to killing functions; and CD71 was more closely related to activation status in CD4 cells. INTERPRETATION Cellular metabolism was closely correlated with its diverse functions in INRs. Ferroptosis was observed in CD4 cells of INRs, and inhibiting ferroptosis through modulating mitochondrial disorders and inflammation may offer an alternative immunological strategy for reinvigorating CD4 cells in INRs. FUNDING This research was supported by the 13th Five-year Plan, Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2018ZX10302-102), Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals' Ascent Plan (DFL20191802), and Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (ZYLX202126).
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Monsour M, Gordon J, Lockard G, Alayli A, Elsayed B, Connolly J, Borlongan CV. Minor Changes for a Major Impact: A Review of Epigenetic Modifications in Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13106. [PMID: 36361891 PMCID: PMC9656972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes in stroke may revolutionize cell-based therapies aimed at reducing ischemic stroke risk and damage. Epigenetic changes are a novel therapeutic target due to their specificity and potential for reversal. Possible targets for epigenetic modification include DNA methylation and demethylation, post-translational histone modification, and the actions of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs. Many of these epigenetic modifications have been reported to modulate atherosclerosis development and progression, ultimately contributing to stroke pathogenesis. Furthermore, epigenetics may play a major role in inflammatory responses following stroke. Stem cells for stroke have demonstrated safety in clinical trials for stroke and show therapeutic benefit in pre-clinical studies. The efficacy of these cell-based interventions may be amplified with adjunctive epigenetic modifications. This review advances the role of epigenetics in atherosclerosis and inflammation in the context of stroke, followed by a discussion on current stem cell studies modulating epigenetics to ameliorate stroke damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Jonah Gordon
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Gavin Lockard
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Adam Alayli
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Bassel Elsayed
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Jacob Connolly
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Yang K, Zeng L, Ge A, Wang S, Zeng J, Yuan X, Mei Z, Wang G, Ge J. A systematic review of the research progress of non-coding RNA in neuroinflammation and immune regulation in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930171. [PMID: 36275741 PMCID: PMC9585453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury is currently the disease with the highest mortality and disability rate of cardiovascular disease. Current studies have shown that nerve cells die of ischemia several hours after ischemic stroke, which activates the innate immune response in the brain, promotes the production of neurotoxic substances such as inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species and − nitrogen oxide, and mediates the destruction of blood-brain barrier and the occurrence of a series of inflammatory cascade reactions. Meanwhile, the expression of adhesion molecules in cerebral vascular endothelial cells increased, and immune inflammatory cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lymphocytes and mononuclear macrophages passed through vascular endothelial cells and entered the brain tissue. These cells recognize antigens exposed by the central nervous system in the brain, activate adaptive immune responses, and further mediate secondary neuronal damage, aggravating neurological deficits. In order to reduce the above-mentioned damage, the body induces peripheral immunosuppressive responses through negative feedback, which increases the incidence of post-stroke infection. This process is accompanied by changes in the immune status of the ischemic brain tissue in local and systemic systems. A growing number of studies implicate noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as novel epigenetic regulatory elements in the dysfunction of various cell subsets in the neurovascular unit after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. In particular, recent studies have revealed advances in ncRNA biology that greatly expand the understanding of epigenetic regulation of immune responses and inflammation after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Identification of aberrant expression patterns and associated biological effects of ncRNAs in patients revealed their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, this review systematically presents recent studies on the involvement of ncRNAs in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury and neuroimmune inflammatory cascades, and elucidates the functions and mechanisms of cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion-related ncRNAs, providing new opportunities for the discovery of disease biomarkers and targeted therapy. Furthermore, this review introduces clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Display as a possible transformative tool for studying lncRNAs. In the future, ncRNA is expected to be used as a target for diagnosing cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury, judging its prognosis and treatment, thereby significantly improving the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Guozuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jinwen Ge,
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Chen Z, Chen W, Li Y, Moos M, Xiao D, Wang C. Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility and RNA sequencing reveal impaired brain development in prenatally e-cigarette exposed neonatal rats. iScience 2022; 25:104686. [PMID: 35874099 PMCID: PMC9304611 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although emerging evidence reveals that vaping alters the function of the central nervous system, the effects of maternal vaping on offspring brain development remain elusive. Using a well-established in utero exposure model, we performed single-nucleus ATAC-seq (snATAC-seq) and RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on prenatally e-cigarette-exposed rat brains. We found that maternal vaping distorted neuronal lineage differentiation in the neonatal brain by promoting excitatory neurons and inhibiting lateral ganglionic eminence-derived inhibitory neuronal differentiation. Moreover, maternal vaping disrupted calcium homeostasis, induced microglia cell death, and elevated susceptibility to cerebral ischemic injury in the developing brain of offspring. Our results suggest that the aberrant calcium signaling, diminished microglial population, and impaired microglia-neuron interaction may all contribute to the underlying mechanisms by which prenatal e-cigarette exposure impairs neonatal rat brain development. Our findings raise the concern that maternal vaping may cause adverse long-term brain damage to the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Chen
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11021 Campus St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Wanqiu Chen
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11021 Campus St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Malcolm Moos
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research & Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Charles Wang
- Center for Genomics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11021 Campus St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Division of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, 11021 Campus St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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Can U, Marzioglu E, Akdu S. Some miRNA expressions and their targets in ischemic stroke. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:1224-1262. [PMID: 35876186 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2098974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a global health challenge leading to life-long disabilities or the deaths of patients. IS is a complex disease where genetic and environmental factors are both concerned with the pathophysiology of the condition. Here, we aimed to investigate various microRNA (miRNA) expressions and their targets in IS. A rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute IS is important to perform appropriate treatment. Therefore, there is a need for a more rapid and simple tool to carry out an acute diagnosis of IS. miRNAs are small RNA molecules serving as precious biomarkers due to their easy detection and stability in blood samples. The present systematic review aimed to summarize previous studies investigating several miRNA expressions and their targets in IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummugulsum Can
- Department of Biochemistry, Konya City Hospital, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Marzioglu
- Department of Genetics, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Türkiye
| | - Sadinaz Akdu
- Department of Biochemistry, Fethiye State Hospital, Muğla, Turkey
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Zhang Y, Lei L, Zhou H, Lu X, Cai F, Li T. Roles of Micro Ribonucleic Acids in Astrocytes After Cerebral Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:890762. [PMID: 35755778 PMCID: PMC9218061 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.890762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is one of the highest-ranking causes of death and the leading cause of disability globally, particularly with an increasing incidence and prevalence in developing countries. Steadily more evidence has indicated that micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have important regulatory functions in gene transcription and translation in the course of cerebral stroke. It is beyond arduous to understand the pathophysiology of cerebral stroke, due in part to the perplexity of influencing the network of the inflammatory response, brain edema, autophagy and neuronal apoptosis. The recent research shows miRNA plays a key role in regulating aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and many essential pathological processes after cerebral stroke. This article reviews the recent knowledge on how miRNA influences the inflammatory response, brain edema, infarction size, and neuronal injury after cerebral stroke. In addition, some miRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers in stroke diagnosis and therapy since the expression of some miRNAs in the blood is stable after cerebral stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Translational Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Feifei Cai
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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Uncovering the Mechanism of the Xingnaojing Injection against Ischemic Stroke Using a Combined Network Pharmacology Approach and Gut Microbiota Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5886698. [PMID: 35646156 PMCID: PMC9142292 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5886698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore the brain protection mechanism of Xingnaojing injection (XNJ) against ischemic stroke (IS) by the network pharmacology approach and gut microbiota analysis. Methods We used network pharmacology analysis to identify the active components of XNJ and its potential targets against IS and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and carried out network analysis, functional annotation, and pathway enrichment analysis. Then, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice model was used to verify the molecular mechanism of XNJ. Results 36 active compounds were identified from XNJ, and the effect of XNJ against IS was related to the VEGF signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and gap junction. The effect of XNJ against IBD was related to the T cell receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and gap junction. In vitro experiments showed that XNJ significantly improved the neurological function of tMCAO mice, reduced the size of cerebral infarction, decreased the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB), downregulated the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-kappa B in the ischemic site, and upregulated the expressions of occludin and ZO-1 in the colon. High-throughput 16S rDNA gene sequencing showed that XNJ upregulated the levels of Akkermansia and downregulated the levels of Flavobacteriaceae, Deferribacteraceae, and Deferribacteres. XNJ increased the concentrations of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) PA (propionate), VA (valerate), IBA (isobutyrate), and IVA (isovalerate) in the feces of the sham germ-free experiment group (SGFEG) mice. Conclusion IS causes dysbiosis of some specific bacteria in the gut microbiota. XNJ is an effective treatment for IS, and its mechanism was related to improving intestinal barrier function and regulating intestinal flora and SCFAs. Network pharmacology revealed that XNJ acts through multiple targets and multiple pathways.
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Vázquez-Villaseñor I, Smith CI, Thang YJR, Heath PR, Wharton SB, Blackburn DJ, Ridger VC, Simpson JE. RNA-Seq Profiling of Neutrophil-Derived Microvesicles in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Identifies a miRNA Signature That May Impact Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115913. [PMID: 35682592 PMCID: PMC9180128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Systemic infection is associated with increased neuroinflammation and accelerated cognitive decline in AD patients. Activated neutrophils produce neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NMV), which are internalised by human brain microvascular endothelial cells and increase their permeability in vitro, suggesting that NMV play a role in blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity during infection. The current study investigated whether microRNA content of NMV from AD patients is significantly different compared to healthy controls and could impact cerebrovascular integrity. (2) Methods: Neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood samples of five AD and five healthy control donors without systemic infection were stimulated to produce NMV. MicroRNAs isolated from NMV were analysed by RNA-Seq, and online bioinformatic tools were used to identify significantly differentially expressed microRNAs in the NMV. Target and pathway analyses were performed to predict the impact of the candidate microRNAs on vascular integrity. (3) Results: There was no significant difference in either the number of neutrophils (p = 0.309) or the number of NMV (p = 0.3434) isolated from AD donors compared to control. However, 158 microRNAs were significantly dysregulated in AD NMV compared to controls, some of which were associated with BBB dysfunction, including miR-210, miR-20b-5p and miR-126-5p. Pathway analysis revealed numerous significantly affected pathways involved in regulating vascular integrity, including the TGFβ and PDGFB pathways, as well as Hippo, IL-2 and DNA damage signalling. (4) Conclusions: NMV from AD patients contain miRNAs that may alter the integrity of the BBB and represent a novel neutrophil-mediated mechanism for BBB dysfunction in AD and the accelerated cognitive decline seen as a result of a systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Vázquez-Villaseñor
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.V.-V.); (J.E.S.)
| | - Cynthia I. Smith
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Yung J. R. Thang
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Paul R. Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Stephen B. Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Daniel J. Blackburn
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Victoria C. Ridger
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK;
| | - Julie E. Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.V.-V.); (J.E.S.)
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Chen Y, He Y, Zhao S, He X, Xue D, Xia Y. Hypoxic/Ischemic Inflammation, MicroRNAs and δ-Opioid Receptors: Hypoxia/Ischemia-Sensitive Versus-Insensitive Organs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:847374. [PMID: 35615595 PMCID: PMC9124822 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.847374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and ischemia cause inflammatory injury and critically participate in the pathogenesis of various diseases in various organs. However, the protective strategies against hypoxic and ischemic insults are very limited in clinical settings up to date. It is of utmost importance to improve our understanding of hypoxic/ischemic (H/I) inflammation and find novel therapies for better prevention/treatment of H/I injury. Recent studies provide strong evidence that the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression and affect H/I inflammation through post-transcriptional mechanisms, are differentially altered in response to H/I stress, while δ-opioid receptors (DOR) play a protective role against H/I insults in different organs, including both H/I-sensitive organs (e.g., brain, kidney, and heart) and H/I-insensitive organs (e.g., liver and muscle). Indeed, many studies have demonstrated the crucial role of the DOR-mediated cyto-protection against H/I injury by several molecular pathways, including NLRP3 inflammasome modulated by miRNAs. In this review, we summarize our recent studies along with those of others worldwide, and compare the effects of DOR on H/I expression of miRNAs in H/I-sensitive and -insensitive organs. The alternation in miRNA expression profiles upon DOR activation and the potential impact on inflammatory injury in different organs under normoxic and hypoxic conditions are discussed at molecular and cellular levels. More in-depth investigations into this field may provide novel clues for new protective strategies against H/I inflammation in different types of organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yichen He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shuchen Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dong Xue,
| | - Ying Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ying Xia,
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Zhai W, Zhao M, Zhang G, Wang Z, Wei C, Sun L. MicroRNA-Based Diagnosis and Therapeutics for Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Front Neurol 2022; 13:895316. [PMID: 35592472 PMCID: PMC9110834 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.895316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a neurodegenerative disease that is recognized as the second leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The underlying pathological mechanism of VCID include crebromicrovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, neuroinflammation, capillary rarefaction, and microhemorrhages, etc. Despite the high incidence of VCID, no effective therapies are currently available for preventing or delaying its progression. Recently, pathophysiological microRNAs (miRNAs) in VCID have shown promise as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Studies have revealed that miRNAs can regulate the function of the BBB, affect apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS) in the central nervous system, and modulate neuroinflammation and neurodifferentiation. Thus, this review summarizes recent findings on VCID and miRNAs, focusing on their correlation and contribution to the development of VCID pathology.
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Tregub PP. Effect of Hypercapnia and Hypoxia on the Physiology and Metabolism of the Cerebral Endothelium under Ischemic Conditions. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fu Y, Zhou Y, Zhang YL, Zhao B, Zhang XL, Zhang WT, Lu YJ, Lu A, Zhang J, Zhang J. Loss of neurodevelopmental-associated miR-592 impairs neurogenesis and causes social interaction deficits. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:292. [PMID: 35365601 PMCID: PMC8976077 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
microRNA-592 (miR-592) has been linked to neurogenesis, but the influence of miR-592 knockout in vivo remains unknown. Here, we report that miR-592 knockout represses IPC-to-mature neuron transition, impairs motor coordination and reduces social interaction. Combining the RNA-seq and tandem mass tagging-based quantitative proteomics analysis (TMT protein quantification) and luciferase reporter assays, we identified MeCP2 as the direct targetgene of miR-592 in the mouse cortex. In Tg(MECP2) mice, lipofection of miR-592 efficiently reduced MECP2 expression in the brains of Tg(MECP2) mice at E14.5. Furthermore, treatment with miR-592 partially ameliorated the autism-like phenotypes observed in adult Tg(MECP2) mice. The findings demonstrate that miR-592 might play a novel role in treating the neurodevelopmental-associated disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Liao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Ting Zhang
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine at East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200010, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, 200092, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200065, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, 200092, Shanghai, China.
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Zaccagnini G, Greco S, Voellenkle C, Gaetano C, Martelli F. miR-210 hypoxamiR in Angiogenesis and Diabetes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:685-706. [PMID: 34521246 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: microRNA-210 (miR-210) is the master hypoxia-inducible miRNA (hypoxamiR) since it has been found to be significantly upregulated under hypoxia in a wide range of cell types. Recent advances: Gene ontology analysis of its targets indicates that miR-210 modulates several aspects of cellular response to hypoxia. Due to its high pleiotropy, miR-210 not only plays a protective role by fine-tuning mitochondrial metabolism and inhibiting red-ox imbalance and apoptosis, but it can also promote cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, substantially contributing to angiogenesis. Critical issues: As most miRNAs, modulating different gene pathways, also miR-210 can potentially lead to different and even opposite effects, depending on the physio-pathological contexts in which it acts. Future direction: The use of miRNAs as therapeutics is a fast growing field. This review aimed at highlighting the role of miR-210 in angiogenesis in the context of ischemic cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in order to clarify the molecular mechanisms underpinning miR-210 action. Particular attention will be dedicated to experimentally validated miR-210 direct targets involved in cellular processes related to angiogenesis and diabetes mellitus, such as mitochondrial metabolism, redox balance, apoptosis, migration, and adhesion. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 685-706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Zaccagnini
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Simona Greco
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Christine Voellenkle
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Martelli
- Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
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Yang F, Ao X, Ding L, Ye L, Zhang X, Yang L, Zhao Z, Wang J. Non-coding RNAs in Kawasaki disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100256. [PMID: 35355301 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting vasculitis with coronary complications, usually occurring in children. The incidence of KD in children is increasing year by year, mainly in East Asian countries, but relatively stably in Europe and America. Although studies on KD have been reported, the pathogenesis of KD is unknown. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, growing number of regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA) have been identified to involved in KD. However, the role of ncRNAs in KD has not been comprehensively elucidated. Therefore, it is significative to study the regulatory role of ncRNA in KD, which might help to uncover new and effective therapeutic strategies for KD. In this review, we summarize recent studies on ncRNA in KD from the perspectives of immune disorders, inflammatory disorders, and endothelial dysfunction, and highlight the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets for KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqing Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuejuan Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lanting Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhonghao Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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The Role of CCL2/CCR2 Axis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Treatment: From Animal Experiments to Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073485. [PMID: 35408846 PMCID: PMC8998625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) is a member of the monocyte chemokine protein family, which binds to its receptor CCR2 to induce monocyte infiltration and mediate inflammation. The CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathway participates in the transduction of neuroinflammatory information between all types of cells in the central nervous system. Animal studies and clinical trials have shown that CCL2/CCR2 mediate the pathological process of ischemic stroke, and a higher CCL2 level in serum is associated with a higher risk of any form of stroke. In the acute phase of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, the expression of CCL2/CCR2 is increased in the ischemic penumbra, which promotes neuroinflammation and enhances brain injury. In the later phase, it participates in the migration of neuroblasts to the ischemic area and promotes the recovery of neurological function. CCL2/CCR2 gene knockout or activity inhibition can reduce the nerve inflammation and brain injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, suggesting that the development of drugs regulating the activity of the CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathway could be used to prevent and treat the cell injury in the acute phase and promote the recovery of neurological function in the chronic phase in ischemic stroke patients.
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Huang L, Chen Y, Liu R, Li B, Fei X, Li X, Liu G, Li Y, Xu B, Fang W. P-Glycoprotein Aggravates Blood Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Experimental Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Endothelial Autophagy. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1546-1561. [PMID: 36186136 PMCID: PMC9466967 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is expressed on brain microvessel endothelial cells of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and elevated after cerebral ischemia. In this study, we explored the influence and potential mechanisms of P-gp on BBB function in experimental ischemic stroke in vivo and in vitro. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was created in mice. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was performed in brain microvascular vessel-derived endothelial cells (bEnd.3) to mimic ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro. P-gp-specific siRNA and pharmacological inhibitor cyclosporine A were used to inhibit P-gp, whereas pcDNA3.1 was utilized to overexpress P-gp. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, acute ischemic stroke outcome, BBB integrity and permeability, autophagic proteins and relative signaling pathways were evaluated. P-gp levels were markedly elevated in mouse brain and endothelial cells following MCAO/R and OGD/R, respectively. P-gp siRNA silencing or pharmacologically inhibiting (cyclosporine A) reduced infarct volume and brain edema, attenuated brain pathology, and improved neurological behavior in association with attenuated accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages, reduced expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1). P-gp silence also counteracted BBB leakage, restored the expressions of tight junction proteins (Claudin-5, Occludin and ZO-1), activated autophagic proteins (upregulated LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin 1, and downregulated P62), and diminished Akt/mTOR signal activity in mice following MCAO/R. In the endothelial cell OGD/R assay, P-gp silence downregulated the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, inhibited leukocytes adhesion and migration, increased tight junction protein levels, and activated autophagy, all were reversible by forceful P-gp expression. Additionally, treatment with an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine) abolished protections against ischemic stroke and tight junction proteins reduction followed by P-gp silence. In conclusion, increased P-gp expression after ischemic injury resulted in BBB dysfunction and hyperpermeability by suppressing Akt/mTOR-induced endothelial autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Xuan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Ge Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Yunman Li () and Dr. Weirong Fang (), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Yunman Li () and Dr. Weirong Fang (), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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45
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Inflammation and Immune Response. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Citicoline and COVID-19-Related Cognitive and Other Neurologic Complications. Brain Sci 2021; 12:brainsci12010059. [PMID: 35053804 PMCID: PMC8782421 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With growing concerns about COVID-19’s hyperinflammatory condition and its potentially damaging impact on the neurovascular system, there is a need to consider potential treatment options for managing short- and long-term effects on neurological complications, especially cognitive function. While maintaining adequate structure and function of phospholipid in brain cells, citicoline, identical to the natural metabolite phospholipid phosphatidylcholine precursor, can contribute to a variety of neurological diseases and hypothetically toward post-COVID-19 cognitive effects. In this review, we comprehensively describe in detail the potential citicoline mechanisms as adjunctive therapy and prevention of COVID-19-related cognitive decline and other neurologic complications through citicoline properties of anti-inflammation, anti-viral, neuroprotection, neurorestorative, and acetylcholine neurotransmitter synthesis, and provide a recommendation for future clinical trials.
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47
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Zhai Y, Liu BG, Mo XN, Zou M, Mei XP, Chen W, Huang GD, Wu L. Gingerol ameliorates neuronal damage induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation via the miR-210/brain-derived neurotrophic factor axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:367-377. [PMID: 34962339 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific mechanism of gingerol in cerebral ischemia remains unknown. A neuroprotective function for miR-210 in cerebral ischemia has been identified. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-mediated signaling pathway protects against cerebral ischemic injury. This investigation aimed to determine whether gingerol plays a neuroprotective role in cerebral ischemia via the miR-210/BDNF axis. N2a cells subjected to 10 h of hypoxia and 4 h of reoxygenation were treated with 5, 10, or 20 μmol/L gingerol. The levels of viability, apoptosis, and proteins in N2a cells were determined using MTT assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting, respectively. The binding relationship between BDNF and miR-210 was studied using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression levels of miR-210 and BDNF were determined using qPCR. Gingerol repressed the increase in apoptosis and decrease in viability observed in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation. Gingerol increased Bcl-2, BDNF, and TrkB levels and reduced Bax and cleaved caspase 3 levels after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Gingerol evoked decreased expression of miR-210. Inhibition of miR-210 resulted in increased viability and reduced apoptosis along with increased levels of Bcl-2, BDNF, and TrkB and reduced levels of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 after hypoxia/reoxygenation. Additionally, the miR-210 mimic reversed changes induced by gingerol. The cotransfection of the miR-210 mimic and wild type BDNF led to decreased luciferase activity. BDNF was negatively regulated by miR-210. BDNF siRNA reversed these changes evoked by miR-210 inhibition. Gingerol ameliorated hypoxia/reoxygenation-stimulated neuronal damage by regulating the miR-210/BDNF axis, indicating that gingerol is worthy of further application in cerebral ischemia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhai
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.,Department of Neurology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Nanning, China.,Department of International Medical, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Bu-Gu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xue-Ni Mo
- Department of Neurology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Mei
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Guo-Dong Huang
- Department of International Medical, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Nanning, China.,Department of Neurology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Marwarha G, Røsand Ø, Scrimgeour N, Slagsvold KH, Høydal MA. miR-210 Regulates Apoptotic Cell Death during Cellular Hypoxia and Reoxygenation in a Diametrically Opposite Manner. Biomedicines 2021; 10:42. [PMID: 35052722 PMCID: PMC8772724 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptotic cell death of cardiomyocytes is a characteristic hallmark of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The master hypoxamiR, microRNA-210 (miR-210), is considered the primary driver of the cellular response to hypoxic stress. However, to date, no consensus has emerged with regards to the polarity of the miR-210-elicited cellular response, as miR-210 has been shown to exacerbate as well as attenuate hypoxia-driven apoptotic cell death. Herein, in AC-16 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H-R) stress, we unravel novel facets of miR-210 biology and resolve the biological response mediated by miR-210 into the hypoxia and reoxygenation temporal components. Using transient overexpression and decoy/inhibition vectors to modulate miR-210 expression, we elucidated a Janus role miR-210 in the cellular response to H-R stress, wherein miR-210 mitigated the hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death but exacerbated apoptotic cell death during cellular reoxygenation. We further delineated the underlying cellular mechanisms that confer this diametrically opposite effect of miR-210 on apoptotic cell death. Our exhaustive biochemical assays cogently demonstrate that miR-210 attenuates the hypoxia-driven intrinsic apoptosis pathway, while significantly augmenting the reoxygenation-induced caspase-8-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Our study is the first to unveil this Janus role of miR-210 and to substantiate the cellular mechanisms that underlie this functional duality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Marwarha
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway; (G.M.); (Ø.R.); (N.S.); (K.H.S.)
| | - Øystein Røsand
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway; (G.M.); (Ø.R.); (N.S.); (K.H.S.)
| | - Nathan Scrimgeour
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway; (G.M.); (Ø.R.); (N.S.); (K.H.S.)
| | - Katrine Hordnes Slagsvold
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway; (G.M.); (Ø.R.); (N.S.); (K.H.S.)
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Andre Høydal
- Group of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), 7030 Trondheim, Norway; (G.M.); (Ø.R.); (N.S.); (K.H.S.)
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Rahmati M, Ferns GA, Mobarra N. The lower expression of circulating miR-210 and elevated serum levels of HIF-1α in ischemic stroke; Possible markers for diagnosis and disease prediction. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24073. [PMID: 34708885 PMCID: PMC8649366 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke, either due to ischemia or hemorrhage, causes acute neurological damages to the brain. There is shortage of reliable biomarkers for ischemic stroke (IS), and we therefore investigated the serum concentrations of microRNA-210 (miR-210) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), as possible diagnostic and/or prognostic markers for IS. METHODS Serum samples were acquired from 52 IS patients and their healthy counterparts at five time points: upon admission, 24 and 48 h after admission, upon discharge and 3 months later. Serum levels of miR-210 and HIF-1α were respectively analyzed using real time RT-PCR and ELISA. Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy tests were performed to assess the value of suggested biomarkers. RESULTS IS patients demonstrated higher levels of serum HIF-1α and lower miR-210 in comparison to the healthy subjects. MiR-210 was suggested to be a weak diagnostic biomarker at the time of admission (AUC = 0.61; p = 0.05), while HIF-1α was an acceptable diagnostic marker for IS (AUC = 0.73; p < 0.0001). The higher expression of miR-210 and lower levels of HIF-1α were associated with better survivals in IS patients. CONCLUSIONS Serum miR-210 is a weak diagnostic marker of IS. Serum HIF-1α is a better biomarker in diagnosing IS patients but further work in larger groups, including those with hemorrhagic stroke is necessary to confirm its diagnostic utility. Similarly, the prognostic potentiality of miR-210 and HIF-1α was acceptable but needs bigger sample size and longer follow-up to be statistically confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Rahmati
- Department of BiochemistryMetabolic Disorders Research CenterFaculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolDivision of Medical EducationBrightonUK
| | - Naser Mobarra
- Department of Clinical BiochemistrySchool of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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50
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Li C, Ke C, Su Y, Wan C. Exercise Intervention Promotes the Growth of Synapses and Regulates Neuroplasticity in Rats With Ischemic Stroke Through Exosomes. Front Neurol 2021; 12:752595. [PMID: 34777222 PMCID: PMC8581302 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.752595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability. Exercise produces neuroprotection by improving neuroplasticity. Exercise can induce exosome production. According to several studies, exosomes are involved in repairing brain function, but the relationship and mechanism of exercise, exosomes, and neuroprotection have not been elucidated. This study intends to explore the relationship and potential mechanism by observing the changes in the exosome level, infarct volume, neurological function and behavioral scores, synapses, and corticospinal tract (CST). Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: a sham operation (SHAM) group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with sedentary intervention (SED-MCAO) group, MCAO with exercise intervention (EX-MCAO) group, and MCAO with exercise intervention and exosome injection (EX-MCAO-EXO) group. The exercise intervention was started 1 day after MCAO and lasted for 4 weeks. All rats were assessed using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS). The levels of exosomes in serum and brain, gait analysis, and magnetic resonance scan were performed 1 and 4 weeks after the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the number of synapses, synaptophysin (Syn), and postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95) expression was detected. Results: After 4 weeks of intervention, (1) the EX-MCAO and EX-MCAO-EXO groups showed higher serum exosome (pEX−MCAO = 0.000, pEX−MCAO−EXO = 0.000) and brain exosome (pEX−MCAO = 0.001, pEX−MCAO−EXO = 0.000) levels than the SED-MCAO group, of which the EX-MCAO group had the highest serum exosome (p = 0.000) and the EX-MCAO-EXO group had the highest brain exosome (p = 0.03) levels. (2) The number of synapses in the EX-MCAO (p = 0.032) and EX-MCAO-EXO groups (p = 0.000) was significantly higher than that in the SED-MCAO group. The EX-MCAO-EXO group exhibited a greater number of synapses than the EX-MCAO (p = 0.000) group. (3) The synaptic plasticity-associated proteins were expressed significantly higher in the EX-MCAO (pSyn = 0.010, pPSD−95 = 0.044) and EX-MCAO-EXO (pSyn = 0.000, pPSD−95 = 0.000) groups than in the SED-MCAO group, and the EX-MCAO-EXO group (pSyn = 0.000, pPSD−95 = 0.046) had the highest expression. (4) Compared with the SED-MCAO group, the EX-MCAO group had significantly improved infarct volume ratio (p = 0.000), rFA value (p = 0.000), and rADC (p = 0.000). Compared with the EX-MCAO group, the EX-MCAO-EXO group had a significantly improved infarct volume ratio (p = 0.000), rFA value (p = 0.000), and rADC value (p = 0.001). (5) Compared with the SED-MCAO group, the EX-MCAO group (p = 0.001) and EX-MCAO-EXO group (p = 0.000) had significantly lower mNSS scores and improved gait. (6) The brain exosome levels were negatively correlated with the mNSS score, infarct volume ratio, and rADC value and positively correlated with the rFA value, Syn, and PSD-95 expression. The serum and brain exosome levels showed a positive correlation. Conclusions: Exercise intervention increases the serum exosome level in MCAO rats, which are recruited into the brain, leading to improved synaptic growth and CST integrity, a reduced infarct volume, and improved neurological function and gait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Changkai Ke
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Su
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiao Wan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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