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Tang X, Zheng N, Lin Q, You Y, Gong Z, Zhuang Y, Wu J, Wang Y, Huang H, Ke J, Chen F. Hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect neurons from cardiac arrest-induced pyroptosis. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1103-1123. [PMID: 38845218 PMCID: PMC11438345 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202504000-00027/figure1/v/2024-07-06T104127Z/r/image-tiff Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage. Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest, but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are unknown. To this end, we established an in vitro co-culture model of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and oxygen-glucose deprived primary neurons and found that hypoxic preconditioning enhanced the protective effect of bone marrow stromal stem cells against neuronal pyroptosis, possibly through inhibition of the MAPK and nuclear factor κB pathways. Subsequently, we transplanted hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle after the return of spontaneous circulation in an 8-minute cardiac arrest rat model induced by asphyxia. The results showed that hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells significantly reduced cardiac arrest-induced neuronal pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage, whereas knockdown of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibited these effects. To conclude, hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells offer a promising therapeutic approach for neuronal injury following cardiac arrest, and their beneficial effects are potentially associated with increased expression of the liver isoform of phosphofructokinase following hypoxic preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiahong Tang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qingming Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yan You
- The Second Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yangping Zhuang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hanlin Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Zhou B, Qin Q, Fang Y, Liu X, Zhang M, Wang S, Zhong L, Guo R. Exosomes from human bone marrow MSCs alleviate PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-induced myocardial injury in melanoma mice by regulating macrophage polarization and pyroptosis. Life Sci 2024; 358:123108. [PMID: 39374773 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Myocarditis, which can be triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment, represents a critical and severe adverse effect observed in cancer therapy. Thus, elucidating the underlying mechanism and developing effective strategies to mitigate its harmful impact is of utmost importance. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential role and regulatory mechanism of exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC-Exos) in providing protection against myocardial injury induced by ICIs. We observed that the administration of programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor BMS-1 in tumor-bearing mice led to evident cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury, which were closely associated with M1 macrophage polarization and cardiac pyroptosis. Remarkably, these adverse effects were significantly alleviated through tail-vein injection of hBMSC-Exos. Moreover, either BMS-1 or hBMSC-Exos alone demonstrated the ability to reduce tumor size, while the combination of hBMSC-Exos with BMS-1 treatment not only effectively improved the probability of tumor inhibition but also alleviated cardiac anomalies induced by BMS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qin Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yue Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Li Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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3
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Chai M, Su G, Chen W, Gao J, Wu Q, Song J, Zhang Z. Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Central Nervous System Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7481-7499. [PMID: 38393450 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are one of the diseases that threaten human health. The delivery of drugs targeting the CNS has always been a significant challenge; the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main obstacle that must be overcome. The rise of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) therapy has brought hope for the treatment of CNS diseases. However, the problems of low homing rate, susceptibility differentiation into astrocytes, immune rejection, and formation of iatrogenic tumors of transplanted BMSCs limit their clinical application. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) have become a hot research topic in the treatment of CNS diseases in recent years because of their excellent histocompatibility, low immunogenicity, ease of crossing the BBB, and their ability to serve as natural carriers for treatment. This article reviews the mechanisms of BMSC-Exos in CNS diseases and provides direction for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chai
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Gang Su
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Qionghui Wu
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jinyang Song
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenchang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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4
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Jin Z, Lu J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Zhang D, Hu J, Shi Z, Li Z, Wang J. Exploring the correlation between innate immune activation of inflammasome and regulation of pyroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage: From mechanism to treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117382. [PMID: 39241565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke has emerged as the primary cause of disability and death globally in recent years. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), a particularly severe kind of stroke, is occurring in an increasing number of people. The two main clinical treatments for ICH now in use are conservative pharmaceutical therapy and surgical intervention, both of which have risks and drawbacks. Consequently, it is crucial to look into the pathophysiology of ICH and consider cutting-edge therapeutic approaches. Recent research has revealed that pyroptosis is a newly identified type of cell death distinguished by the break of the cell membrane and the discharge of pro-inflammatory substances through different routes. Following ICH, glial cells experience pyroptosis, which worsens neuroinflammation. Hence, the onset and progression of ICH are strongly linked to pyroptosis, which is facilitated by different inflammasomes. It is essential to conduct a comprehensive investigation of ICH damage processes and uncover new targets for treatment. The impact and function of pyroptosis in ICH, as well as the activation and regulation of inflammasomes and their mediated pyroptosis pathways will be fully discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Jin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Hanying Xu
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China
| | - Zhao Shi
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China
| | - Zhuyang Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130017, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Encephalopathy, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Wang W, Lin W, Ahmed W, Duan W, Huang S, Zhu Z, Chen L. The role of exosomes derived from stem cells in nerve regeneration: A contribution to neurological repair. Exp Neurol 2024; 380:114882. [PMID: 39002923 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell-derived exosomes have gained attention in regenerative medicine for their role in encouraging nerve regeneration and potential use in treating neurological diseases. These nanosized extracellular vesicles act as carriers of bioactive molecules, facilitating intercellular communication and enhancing the regenerative process in neural tissues. This comprehensive study explores the methods by which exosomes produced from various stem cells contribute to nerve healing, with a particular emphasis on their role in angiogenesis, inflammation, and cellular signaling pathways. By examining cutting-edge developments and exploring the potential of exosomes in delivering disease-specific miRNAs and proteins, we highlight their versatility in tailoring personalized therapeutic strategies. The findings presented here highlight the potential of stem cell-produced exosomes for use in neurological diseases therapy, establishing the door for future research into exosome-based neurotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wentong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chaozhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chaozhou, China
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songze Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Qin J, Yuan H, An X, Liu R, Meng B. Macrophage-derived exosomes exacerbate postoperative cognitive dysfunction in mice through inflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 394:578403. [PMID: 39047317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of two-hit inflammation on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in mice and the role of macrophage-derived exosomes in regulating this process. Mice models were used to mimic the state of two-hit inflammation, and cognitive function was assessed through behavioral experiments. Proinflammatory cytokine expression levels and blood-brain barrier (BBB)-associated functional proteins were measured using ELISA and Western blot, respectively. An in vitro macrophage inflammation two-hit model was created, and the role of exosomes was examined using the previously mentioned assays. Additionally, exosomes were injected into mice to further understand their impact in the two-hit inflammation model. Mice exposed to two-hit inflammation experienced impaired cognitive function, increased BBB permeability, and elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Macrophages subjected to two-hit inflammation released higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines compared to the control group and other treatment groups. Treatment with an exosome inhibitor GW4869 effectively reduced the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages exposed to two-hit inflammation. Moreover, injection of macrophage-released exosomes into healthy mice induced inflammation, hippocampal damage, and cognitive disorders, which were mitigated by treatment with GW4869. In mice with two-hit inflammation, macrophage-released exosomes worsened cognitive disorders by promoting inflammation in the peripheral blood and central nervous system. However, treatment with GW4869 protected cognitive function by suppressing exosome release. These findings highlight the importance of two-hit inflammation in POCD and emphasize the critical role of exosomes as regulatory factors. This research provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of POCD and potential intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujun An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongjun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Lu F, Wang R, Cheng Y, Li X. Preconditioning with β-hydroxybutyrate attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing alveolar macrophage pyroptosis through the SIRT1-FOXO3 signaling pathway. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70027. [PMID: 39221615 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401188r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The complex pathogenesis of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) was examined in a murine model, focusing on the role of pyroptosis and its exacerbation of lung injury. We specifically examined the levels and cellular localization of pyroptosis within the lung, which revealed alveolar macrophages as the primary site. The inhibition of pyroptosis by VX-765 reduced the severity of lung injury, underscoring its significant role in LIRI. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) in ameliorating LIRI was examined. Modulation of β-OHB levels was evaluated by ketone ester supplementation and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH-1) gene knockout, along with the manipulation of the SIRT1-FOXO3 signaling pathway using EX-527 and pCMV-SIRT1 plasmid transfection. This revealed that β-OHB exerts lung-protective and anti-pyroptotic effects, which were mediated through the upregulation of SIRT1 and the enhancement of FOXO3 deacetylation, leading to decreased pyroptosis markers and lung injury. In addition, β-OHB treatment of MH-S cells in vitro showed a concentration-dependent improvement in pyroptosis, linking its therapeutic benefits to specific cell mechanisms. Overall, this study highlights the significance of alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in the exacerbation of LIRI and indicates the potential of β-OHB in mitigating injury by modulating the SIRT1-FOXO3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rurong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - XueHan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Chen W, Qin Y, Wang Z, Chen P, Zhu G, Li S, Wang H, Liu X, Chen M, Li Z, Ye G. Activating PKA signaling increases exosome production and attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating Cx43 expression. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024:108000. [PMID: 39278603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.108000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Connexin 43 (Cx43) plays a crucial role in mediating intracellular communication and facitating the interaction between exosomes and recipient cells. This study investigates whether the activation of cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) can regulate exosomal Cx43 expression and contribute to the functional recovery following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS An intraluminal vascular occlusion was performed on Lewis rats to simulate I/R injury. Concurrently, a PKA activator (8-Bromo-cAMP, 5 mg/kg) or PKA inhibitor (H 89 2HCl, 20 mg/kg) was administered intravenously via the tail vein (n = 10). Exosomes were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, and the expression of exosomal markers (CD63 and CD81) and Cx43 was analyzed using Western blot. The expression of CD63 and CD81 in astrocytes was measured to assess exosome uptake. Spatial learning and memory capability were evaluated using the Morris water maze test. RESULTS 8-Bromo-cAMP significantly increased exosome release in cerebrospinal fluid, accompanied by elevated Cx43 expression. Additionally, 8-Bromo-cAMP enhanced exosome uptake by astrocytes, alleviated blood-brain barrier damage and edema, and improved cognitive function. CONCLSIONS PKA activation enhances exosome production, promotes cognitive function recovery, and attenuates cerebral I/R injury by up-regulating exosomal Cx43 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Yaxin Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yixing People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing 214200, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.
| | - Pandi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guangyao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shiwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongcai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xuelan Liu
- Emergency and Trauma Center, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maosong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zengpan Li
- Emergency and Trauma Center, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gengfan Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Sun Y, Sun W, Liu J, Zhang B, Zheng L, Zou W. The dual role of microglia in intracerebral hemorrhage. Behav Brain Res 2024; 473:115198. [PMID: 39128628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage has the characteristics of high morbidity, disability and mortality, which has caused a heavy burden to families and society. Microglia are resident immune cells in the central nervous system, and their activation plays a dual role in tissue damage after intracerebral hemorrhage. The damage in cerebral hemorrhage is embodied in the following aspects: releasing inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediators, triggering programmed cell death, producing glutamate induced excitotoxicity, and destroying blood-brain barrier; The protective effect is reflected in the phagocytosis and clearance of harmful substances by microglia, and the secretion of anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. This article summarizes the function of microglia and its dual regulatory mechanism in intracerebral hemorrhage. In the future, drugs, acupuncture and other clinical treatments can be used to intervene in the activation state of microglia, so as to reduce the harm of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Sciense Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Baiwen Zhang
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Clinical Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China.
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10
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Liu W, Man X, Wang Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Qi J, Qin Q, Han B, Sun J. Tirofiban mediates neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke by reducing inflammatory response. Neuroscience 2024; 555:32-40. [PMID: 39025399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a critical driver of the development, worsening, and cell death observed in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). While prior research has demonstrated that tirofiban enhances functional recovery in AIS patients by suppressing platelet aggregation, its impact and underlying mechanisms in AIS-related neuroinflammation remain elusive. The current study established an AIS mouse model employing photochemical techniques and assessed neurological function and brain infarct size using the modified neurological severity scale (mNSS) and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, respectively. Tirofiban significantly reduced the volume of cerebral infarction in AIS mice, accompanied by an enhancement in their neurological functions. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays along with experiments assessing oxidative stress showed that tirofiban mitigated oxidative damage and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra post-AIS. Additionally, DNA microarray analysis revealed alterations in gene expression patterns in the ischemic penumbra after tirofiban treatment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that most gene-level downregulated signaling pathways were closely related to the inflammatory response. Moreover, the protein microarray analysis revealed that tirofiban diminished the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in the ischemic penumbra. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining showed that tirofiban regulated inflammatory responses by altering the state and phenotype of microglia. In conclusion, this study suggests that tirofiban reduces inflammatory response by regulating microglial state and phenotype and lowering the levels of inflammatory factors, providing neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xu Man
- Department of Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jianjiao Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qiaoji Qin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ban Han
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Jinping Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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11
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Ryou MG, Burton S. Intermittent hypoxic training - derived exosomes in stroke rehabilitation. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 18:1475234. [PMID: 39323911 PMCID: PMC11422222 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2024.1475234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the fourth leading cause of adult disability in the US, and it is a huge social burden all over the world. However, the efficient treatment of ischemic stroke is not available. An apparent reason for failing to find or develop an intervention for ischemic stroke is contributed to the tight blood-brain barrier (BBB). The unique characteristics of exosomes that can traverse BBB have been highlighted among researchers investigating interventions for ischemic stroke conditions. Additionally, intermittent hypoxic training has been considered a potential intervention in the treatment or rehabilitation process of ischemic stroke patients. In this mini-review, we are going to review the possibility of applying exosomes produced by a subject who does intermittent hypoxic conditioning in a treatment program for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Gwi Ryou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Science, Tarleton State University, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Summer Burton
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, College of Health Science, Tarleton State University, Fort Worth, TX, United States
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12
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Zhang CH, Lu DC, Liu Y, Wang L, Sethi G, Ma Z. The role of extracellular vesicles in pyroptosis-mediated infectious and non-infectious diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112633. [PMID: 38986299 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a lytic and pro-inflammatory cell death, is important in various pathophysiological processes. Host- and bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), as natural nanocarriers messengers, are versatile mediators of intercellular communication between different types of cells. Recently, emerging research has suggested that EVs exhibit multifaceted roles in disease progression by manipulating pyroptosis. This review focuses on new findings concerning how EVs shape disease progression in infectious and non-infectious diseases by regulating pyroptosis. Understanding the characteristics and activity of EVs-mediated pyroptotic death may conducive to the discovery of novel mechanisms and more efficient therapeutic targets in infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Hua Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; Department of Oncology, People's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Ding-Ci Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore.
| | - Zhaowu Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China.
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13
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Mușat MI, Cătălin B, Hadjiargyrou M, Popa-Wagner A, Greșiță A. Advancing Post-Stroke Depression Research: Insights from Murine Models and Behavioral Analyses. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1110. [PMID: 39337894 PMCID: PMC11433193 DOI: 10.3390/life14091110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) represents a significant neuropsychiatric complication that affects between 39% and 52% of stroke survivors, leading to impaired recovery, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. This comprehensive review synthesizes our current knowledge of PSD, encompassing its epidemiology, risk factors, underlying neurochemical mechanisms, and the existing tools for preclinical investigation, including animal models and behavioral analyses. Despite the high prevalence and severe impact of PSD, challenges persist in accurately modeling its complex symptomatology in preclinical settings, underscoring the need for robust and valid animal models to better understand and treat PSD. This review also highlights the multidimensional nature of PSD, where both biological and psychosocial factors interplay to influence its onset and course. Further, we examine the efficacy and limitations of the current animal models in mimicking the human PSD condition, along with behavioral tests used to evaluate depressive-like behaviors in rodents. This review also sets a new precedent by integrating the latest findings across multidisciplinary studies, thereby offering a unique and comprehensive perspective of existing knowledge. Finally, the development of more sophisticated models that closely replicate the clinical features of PSD is crucial in order to advance translational research and facilitate the discovery of future effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Iuliana Mușat
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Bogdan Cătălin
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Neurology, Vascular Neurology and Dementia, University of Medicine Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Andrei Greșiță
- Experimental Research Centre for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
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14
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Fang X, Zhou D, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhong G, Jing S, Huang S, Wang Q. Exosomes: A Cellular Communication Medium That Has Multiple Effects On Brain Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6864-6892. [PMID: 38356095 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as membranous vesicles generated by multiple cell types and secreted to extracellular space, play a crucial role in a range of brain injury-related brain disorders by transporting diverse proteins, RNA, DNA fragments, and other functional substances. The nervous system's pathogenic mechanisms are complicated, involving pathological processes like as inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy, all of which result in blood-brain barrier damage, cognitive impairment, and even loss of normal motor function. Exosomes have been linked to the incidence and progression of brain disorders in recent research. As a result, a thorough knowledge of the interaction between exosomes and brain diseases may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic techniques that may be implemented in the clinic. The potential role of exosomes in brain diseases and the crosstalk between exosomes and other pathogenic processes were discussed in this paper. Simultaneously, we noted the delicate events in which exosomes as a media allow the brain to communicate with other tissues and organs in physiology and disease, and compiled a list of natural compounds that modulate exosomes, in order to further improve our understanding of exosomes and propose new ideas for treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dishu Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510405, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guangcheng Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shangwen Jing
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
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15
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Guo H, Li W, Yang Z, Xing X. E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH1 reduces inflammation and pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via PCSK9 downregulation. Mamm Genome 2024; 35:346-361. [PMID: 39115562 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-024-10055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis has been regarded as caspase-1-mediated monocyte death that induces inflammation, showing a critical and detrimental role in the development of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). MARCH1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that exerts potential anti-inflammatory functions. Therefore, the study probed into the significance of MARCH1 in inflammation and pyroptosis elicited by cerebral IRI. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R)-treated mice and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated hippocampal neurons were established to simulate cerebral IRI in vivo and in vitro. MARCH1 and PCSK9 expression was tested in MCAO/R-operated mice, and their interaction was identified by means of the cycloheximide assay and co-immunoprecipitation. The functional roles of MARCH1 and PCSK9 in cerebral IRI were subsequently determined by examining the neurological function, brain tissue changes, neuronal viability, inflammation, and pyroptosis through ectopic expression and knockdown experiments. PCSK9 expression was increased in the brain tissues of MCAO/R mice, while PCSK9 knockdown reduced brain damage and neurological deficits. Additionally, inflammation and pyroptosis were inhibited in OGD/R-exposed hippocampal neurons upon PCSK9 knockdown, accompanied by LDLR upregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation. Mechanistic experiments revealed that MARCH1 mediated ubiquitination and degradation of PCSK9, lowering PCSK9 protein expression. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that MARCH1 suppressed inflammation and pyroptosis after cerebral IRI by downregulating PCSK9 both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, the present study demonstrate the protective effect of MARCH1 against cerebral IRI through PCSK9 downregulation, which might contribute to the discovery of new therapies for improving cerebral IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430080, China
| | - Wanli Li
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430080, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430080, China
| | - Xiaobin Xing
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 1 Benxi Street, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430080, China.
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16
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Lu W, Wen J. Crosstalk Among Glial Cells in the Blood-Brain Barrier Injury After Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6161-6174. [PMID: 38279077 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes, perivascular microglia, pericytes, neuronal processes, and the basal lamina. As a complex and dynamic interface between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS), BBB is responsible for transporting nutrients essential for the normal metabolism of brain cells and hinders many toxic compounds entering into the CNS. The loss of BBB integrity following stroke induces tissue damage, inflammation, edema, and neural dysfunction. Thus, BBB disruption is an important pathophysiological process of acute ischemic stroke. Understanding the mechanism underlying BBB disruption can uncover more promising biological targets for developing treatments for ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke-induced activation of microglia and astrocytes leads to increased production of inflammatory mediators, containing chemokines, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), etc., which are important factors in the pathological process of BBB breakdown. In this review, we discussed the current knowledges about the vital and dual roles of astrocytes and microglia on the BBB breakdown during ischemic stroke. Specifically, we provided an updated overview of phenotypic transformation of microglia and astrocytes, as well as uncovered the crosstalk among astrocyte, microglia, and oligodendrocyte in the BBB disruption following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Lu
- Medical Branch, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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17
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Huang X, Zheng Y, Wang N, Zhao M, Liu J, Lin W, Zhu Y, Xie X, Lv Y, Wang J, Mo Y. Dichloroacetate Prevents Sepsis Associated Encephalopathy by Inhibiting Microglia Pyroptosis through PDK4/NLRP3. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02105-3. [PMID: 39177920 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA), a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor, is often used to treat lactic acidosis and malignant tumors. Increasing studies have shown that DCA has neuroprotective effects. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of DCA in Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE). Single-cell analysis was used to determine the important role of PDK4 in SAE and identify the cell type. GO and GSEA analysis were used to determine the correlation between DCA and pyroptosis. Through LPS + ATP stimulation, a microglia pyroptosis model was established to observe the expression level of intracellular pyroptosis-related proteins under DCA intervention, and further detect the changes in intracellular ROS and JC-1. Additionally, a co-culture environment of microglia and neuron was simply constructed to evaluate the effect of DCA on activated microglia-mediated neuronal apoptosis. Finally, Novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze were used to explore the effect of DCA on cognitive function in mice from different groups after intervention. Based on the above experiments, this study concludes that DCA can improve the ratio of peripheral and central M1 macrophages, inhibit NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis through ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). DCA can reduce neuron death caused by SAE and improve cognitive function in LPS mice. In SAE, DCA may be a potential candidate drug for the treatment of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhao Zheng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhui Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yunchang Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Lisjak D, Alić I, Šimunić I, Mitrečić D. Transplantation of neural stem cells improves recovery of stroke-affected mice and induces cell-specific changes in GSDMD and MLKL expression. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1439994. [PMID: 39210936 PMCID: PMC11358122 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1439994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke, the second leading cause of death and disability in Europe, is primarily caused by interrupted blood supply, leading to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and subsequent neuronal death. Current treatment options are limited, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Neural stem cells (NSCs) have shown promise in treating various neurological disorders, including stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms of NSC-mediated recovery remain unclear. Methods Eighty C57Bl/6-Tyrc-Brd mice underwent ischemic stroke induction and were divided into four groups: sham, stroke-affected, stroke-affected with basal cell medium injection, and stroke-affected with NSCs transplantation. NSCs, isolated from mouse embryos, were stereotaxically transplanted into the stroke-affected brains. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neurological scoring were used to assess recovery. Immunohistochemical analysis and gene expression assays were performed to evaluate pyroptosis and necroptosis markers. Results NSC transplantation significantly improved neurological recovery compared to control groups. In addition, although not statistically significant, NSCs reduced stroke volume. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed upregulation of Gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression post-stroke, predominantly in microglia and astrocytes. However, NSC transplantation led to a reduction in GSDMD signal intensity in astrocytes, suggesting an effect of NSCs on GSDMD activity. Furthermore, NSCs downregulated Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like Protein (Mlkl) expression, indicating a reduction in necroptosis. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated decreased phosphorylated MLKL (pMLKL) signal intensity in neurons while stayed the same in astrocytes following NSC transplantation, along with increased distribution in microglia. Discussion NSC transplantation holds therapeutic potential in stroke recovery by targeting pyroptosis and necroptosis pathways. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying NSC-mediated neuroprotection and support their further exploration as a promising therapy for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Lisjak
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Department for Regenerative Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Alić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Šimunić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Department for Regenerative Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Department for Regenerative Neuroscience, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Lei C, Chen K, Gu Y, Li Y, Wang L, Zhu X, Deng Q. HMGB1/TLR4 axis promotes pyroptosis after ICH by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 393:578401. [PMID: 38996718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that the HMGB1/TLR4 axis promoted inflammation during the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage. Given that this phase is known to involve neuronal pyroptosis and neuroinflammation, here we explore whether HMGB1/TLR signaling activate inflammasome and pyroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS Autologous blood was injected into Sprague-Dawley rats to induce intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurological deficits were assessed using a modified neurological severity score. These expression and localization of NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes, as well as the levels of pyroptosis and pyroptosis-associated proteins were assessed using Western blot or immunocytochemistry. These experiments were repeated in animals that received treatment with short interfering RNAs against NLRP1 or NLRP3, with HMGB1 inhibitor ethyl pyruvate or TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242. RESULTS Intracerebral hemorrhage upregulated NLRP1 and NLRP3 in the ipsilateral striatum and increased the proportions of these cells that were pyroptosis-positive. Additionally, the levels of caspase protein family (e.g., pro-caspase-1 and caspase-1), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), pro-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-1β were also elevated. These effects on pyroptosis and associated neurological deficit, were partially reversed by knockdown of NLRP1 or NLRP3, or by inhibition of HMGB1 or TLR4. Inhibition of HMGB1 or TLR4 resulted in the downregulation NLRP3 but not NLRP1. CONCLUSIONS The HMGB1/TLR4 signaling may activate the NLRP3 inflammasome during the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage, resulting in the inflammatory process known as pyroptosis. These insights suggest potential therapeutic targets for the mitigation tissue injury and associated neurological deficits following hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Lei
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
| | - Keyang Chen
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yu Gu
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Lu Wang
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Qionghua Deng
- From the First Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
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20
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Wu F, Song C, Zhen G, Jin Q, Li W, Liang X, Xu W, Guo W, Yang Y, Dong W, Jiang A, Kong P, Yan J. Exosomes derived from BMSCs in osteogenic differentiation promote type H blood vessel angiogenesis through miR-150-5p mediated metabolic reprogramming of endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:344. [PMID: 39133273 PMCID: PMC11335269 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenesis is tightly coupled with angiogenesis spatiotemporally. Previous studies have demonstrated that type H blood vessel formed by endothelial cells with high expression of CD31 and Emcn (CD31hi Emcnhi ECs) play a crucial role in bone regeneration. The mechanism of the molecular communication around CD31hi Emcnhi ECs and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the osteogenic microenvironment is unclear. This study indicates that exosomes from bone mesenchymal stem cells with 7 days osteogenic differentiation (7D-BMSCs-exo) may promote CD31hi Emcnhi ECs angiogenesis, which was verified by tube formation assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining and µCT assays etc. in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, by exosomal miRNA microarray and WGCNA assays, we identified downregulated miR-150-5p as the most relative hub gene coupling osteogenic differentiation and type H blood vessel angiogenesis. With bioinformatics assays, dual luciferase reporter experiments, qRT-PCR and Western blot assays, SOX2(SRY-Box Transcription Factor 2) was confirmed as a novel downstream target gene of miR-150-5p in exosomes, which might be a pivotal mechanism regulating CD31hi Emcnhi ECs formation. Additionally, JC-1 immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and seahorse assay results showed that the overexpression of SOX2 could shift metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis to enhance the CD31hi Emcnhi ECs formation. The PI3k/Akt signaling pathway might play a key role in this process. In summary, BMSCs in osteogenic differentiation might secrete exosomes with low miR-150-5p expression to induce type H blood vessel formation by mediating SOX2 overexpression in ECs. These findings might reveal a molecular mechanism of osteogenesis coupled with type H blood vessel angiogenesis in the osteogenic microenvironment and provide a new therapeutic target or cell-free remedy for osteogenesis impaired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chengchao Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Guanqi Zhen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Qin Jin
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiongjie Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Province, 545000, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Anlong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Pengyu Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, P. R. China.
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21
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Lin L, Huang L, Huang S, Chen W, Huang H, Chi L, Su F, Liu X, Yuan K, Jiang Q, Li C, Smith WW, Fu Q, Pei Z. MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate NLRP3/GSDMD-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Mouse Model of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5494-5509. [PMID: 38200351 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03914-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, with sporadic form being the predominant type. Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in accelerating pathogenic processes in AD. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) regulate inflammatory responses and show great promise for treating AD. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs are similar to MSCs and exhibit low immunogenicity and heterogeneity, making them promising cell sources for clinical applications. This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of MSC-sEVs in a streptozotocin-induced sporadic mouse model of AD (sAD). The intracisternal administration of iPSC-MSC-sEVs alleviated NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated neuroinflammation, decreased amyloid deposition and neuronal apoptosis, and mitigated cognitive dysfunction. Furthermore, it explored the role of miR-223-3p in the iPSC-MSC-sEVs-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. miR-223-3p directly targeted NLRP3, whereas inhibiting miR-223-3p almost completely reversed the suppression of NLRP3 by MSC-sEVs, suggesting that miR-223-3p may, at least partially, account for MSC-sEVs-mediated anti-inflammation. Results obtained suggest that intracisternal administration of iPSC-MSC-sEVs can reduce cognitive impairment by inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD neuroinflammation in a sAD mouse model. Therefore, the present study provides a proof-of-principle for applying iPSC-MSC-sEVs to target neuroinflammation in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Longxin Huang
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Sen Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weineng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Heng Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Li Chi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Institute of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fengjuan Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kang Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiuhong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Changu Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wanli W Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Qingling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases; National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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22
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Zhang Q, Liu T, Li Y, Fan Y, Shang H, Zhao H, Sun H, Yu Z, Han M, Wan C. Gelatin methacryloyl microneedle loaded with 3D-MSC-Exosomes for the protection of ischemia-reperfusion. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133336. [PMID: 38936568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes (Exo) generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great therapeutic potential in ischemia-reperfusion treatment. For best therapeutic effect, high quality Exo product and effective delivery system are indispensable. In this study, we developed a new strategy for ischemia-reperfusion recovery by combining MSCs 3D (3D-MSC) culturing technology to generate Exo (3D-MSC-Exo) and microneedle for topical delivery. Firstly, primary MSCs from neonatal mice were isolated and 3D cultured with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to prepare 3D-MSC-Exo. The 3D-MSC showed better viability and 3D-MSC-Exo exhibited more effective effects of reducing neuroinflammation, inhibiting glial scarring, and promoting angiogenesis. Subsequently, the biocompatible GelMA was used to construct microneedles for 3D-Exo delivery (GelMA-MN@3D-Exo). The results demonstrated GelMA microneedles had excellent 3D-Exo loading capacity and enabled continuous 3D-Exo release to maintain effective therapeutic concentrations. Furthermore, the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of GelMA-MN@3D-Exo in ischemia-reperfusion in vivo. Animal experiments showed that the GelMA-MN@3D-Exo system could effectively reduce the local neuroinflammatory reaction, promote angiogenesis and minimize glial scar proliferation in ischemia-reperfusion. The underlying reasons for the stronger neuroprotective effect of 3D-Exo was further studied using mass spectrometry and transcriptome assays, verifying their effects on immune regulation and cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that GelMA-MN@3D-Exo microneedle can effectively attenuate ischemia-reperfusion cell damage in the MCAO model, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia-reperfusion recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Rd, District Heping, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China; Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 24297 Jingshi Rd, District Huaiyin, Jinan 250000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Tiangui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hao Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Huayang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Haohan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Zaiyang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxiao Wan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Rd, District Heping, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China.
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23
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Lin Y, Liu M, Deng P, Zhang J. TET1 mediated m5C modification of RelB aggravates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuroinflammation through regulating microglia polarization. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111210. [PMID: 38705503 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Microglia mediated neuroinflammation is one of the major contributors to brain damage in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CI/RI). Recently, RNA modification was found to contribute to the regulation of microglia polarization and the subsequent development of cerebral I/R neuroinflammation. Herein, we investigated the effect and mechanism of m5C RNA modification in the microglia induced CI/RI neuroinflammation. We found that the m5C RNA modification levels decreased in the primary microglia isolated from a mouse model of intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and the BV2 microglial cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R), and this change was accompanied by an increase in the M1/M2 polarization ratio. Furthermore, the expression of m5C demethylase TET1 in microglia increased, which promoted M1 polarization but impeded M2 polarization. Mechanistically, the higher TET1 expression decreased the m5C modification level of RelB and enhanced its mRNA stability, which subsequently increased the M1/M2 polarization ratio. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the role of m5C RNA modification in the pathogenesis of cerebral I/R neuroinflammation and may deepen our understanding on clinical therapy targeting the TET1-RelB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Elctronic Science and Technology of China, 32 2rd Setion of Yihuan Road West, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Six People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610072, China
| | - Pinghuan Deng
- Department of Encephalopathy, Dechang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dechang, Sichuan Province 615500, China
| | - Jinzhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Elctronic Science and Technology of China, 32 2rd Setion of Yihuan Road West, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China..
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24
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Qiu Y, Fan Y, Huang G, Liu J. N6-methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 homologous protein protects against cerebral I/R injury though suppressing SNHG3-mediated neural PANoptosis: Involvement of m6A-related macromolecules in the diseases of nervous system. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133815. [PMID: 38996894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In order to address this gap in knowledge, the present study utilized both in vivo and in vitro models to investigate the role of the m6A demethylase ALKBH5 in protecting against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting PANoptosis (Pytoptosis, Ppoptosis, and Necroptosis) in an m6A-dependent manner. They observed that ALKBH5, the predominant m6A demethylase, was downregulated in these models, while SNHG3 and PANoptosis-related proteins (ZBP1, AIM2, Cappase-3, Caspase-8, cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and p-MLKL) were elevated. Additionally, both ALKBH5 overexpression and SNHG3-deficiency were found to ameliorate PANoptosis and injury induced by OGD/reperfusion and OGD/RX in both mice tissues and astrocyte cells. Further experiments demonstrated that ALKBH5 induced m6A-demethylation in SNHG3, leading to its degradation. Low expression of SNHG3, on the other hand, prevented the formation of the SNHG3-ELAVL1-ZBP1/AIM2 complex, which in turn destabilized ZBP1 and AIM2 mRNA, resulting in the downregulation of these PANoptosis-related genes. Ultimately, the rescue experiments provided evidence that ALKBH5 protected against PANoptosis in cerebral I/R injury models through the inhibition of SNHG3.This study sheds light on the intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral I/R injury and highlights the potential of m6A-related genes as therapeutic targets in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Yafei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Tork MAB, Fotouhi S, Roozi P, Negah SS. Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasomes: A Trojan Horse Strategy for Intervention in Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04359-2. [PMID: 39042218 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Recently, a growing focus has been on identifying critical mechanisms in neurological diseases that trigger a cascade of events, making it easier to target them effectively. One such mechanism is the inflammasome, an essential component of the immune response system that plays a crucial role in disease progression. The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome is a subcellular multiprotein complex that is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and can be activated by a variety of external and internal stimuli. When activated, the NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) and facilitates rapid cell death by assembling the inflammasome. These cytokines initiate inflammatory responses through various downstream signaling pathways, leading to damage to neurons. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered a significant contributor to the development of neuroinflammation. To counter the damage caused by NLRP3 inflammasome activation, researchers have investigated various interventions such as small molecules, antibodies, and cellular and gene therapy to regulate inflammasome activity. For instance, recent studies indicate that substances like micro-RNAs (e.g., miR-29c and mR-190) and drugs such as melatonin can reduce neuronal damage and suppress neuroinflammation through NLRP3. Furthermore, the transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18. However, it would benefit future research to have an in-depth review of the pharmacological and biological interventions targeting inflammasome activity. Therefore, our review of current evidence demonstrates that targeting NLRP3 inflammasomes could be a pivotal approach for intervention in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soroush Fotouhi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Roozi
- Department of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Sahab Negah
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pardis Campus, Azadi Square, Kalantari Blvd., Mashhad, Iran.
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26
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Song J, Zhou D, Cui L, Wu C, Jia L, Wang M, Li J, Ya J, Ji X, Meng R. Advancing stroke therapy: innovative approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:369. [PMID: 39039539 PMCID: PMC11265156 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) being the most common subtype. Despite significant advances in reperfusion therapies, their limited time window and associated risks underscore the necessity for novel treatment strategies. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to modulate the post-stroke microenvironment and facilitate neuroprotection and neurorestoration. This review synthesizes current research on the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived EVs in AIS, focusing on their origin, biogenesis, mechanisms of action, and strategies for enhancing their targeting capacity and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we explore innovative combination therapies and discuss both the challenges and prospects of EV-based treatments. Our findings reveal that stem cell-derived EVs exhibit diverse therapeutic effects in AIS, such as promoting neuronal survival, diminishing neuroinflammation, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Various strategies, including targeting modifications and cargo modifications, have been developed to improve the efficacy of EVs. Combining EVs with other treatments, such as reperfusion therapy, stem cell transplantation, nanomedicine, and gut microbiome modulation, holds great promise for improving stroke outcomes. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of EVs and the need for standardized protocols for EV production and quality control remain to be addressed. Stem cell-derived EVs represent a novel therapeutic avenue for AIS, offering the potential to address the limitations of current treatments. Further research is needed to optimize EV-based therapies and translate their benefits to clinical practice, with an emphasis on ensuring safety, overcoming regulatory hurdles, and enhancing the specificity and efficacy of EV delivery to target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingrun Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingyuan Ya
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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27
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Liang X, Miao Y, Tong X, Chen J, Liu H, He Z, Liu A, Hu Z. Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes inhibit neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage via the miRNA-197-3p/FOXO3 axis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:426. [PMID: 39030593 PMCID: PMC11264715 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02708-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe stroke subtype that lacks effective treatment. Exosomes derived from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a promising acellular therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases. However, the therapeutic effects of DPSC-derived exosomes (DPSC-Exos) on SAH remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of DPSC-Exos in SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS SAH was established using 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats. One hour after SAH induction, DPSC-Exos were administered via tail vein injection. To investigate the effect of DPSC-Exos, SAH grading, short-term and long-term neurobehavioral assessments, brain water content, western blot (WB), immunofluorescence staining, Nissl staining, and HE staining were performed. The role of miR-197-3p/FOXO3 in regulating pyroptosis was demonstrated through miRNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, and rescue experiments. The SAH model in vitro was established by stimulating BV2 cells with hemoglobin (Hb) and the underlying mechanism of DPSC-Exos was investigated through WB and Hoechst/PI staining. RESULTS The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were increased after SAH. DPSC-Exos alleviated brain edema and neuroinflammation by inhibiting the expression of FOXO3 and reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to improved neurobehavioral functions at 24 h after SAH. In vitro, the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3 and caspase1-p20), GSDMD-N, and IL-18 was inhibited in BV2 cells pretreated with DPSC-Exos. Importantly, DPSC-Exos overexpressing miR-197-3p had a more obvious protective effect than those from NC-transfected DPSCs, while those from DPSCs transfected with the miR-197-3p inhibitor had a weaker protective effect. Functional studies indicated that miR-197-3p bound to the 3'-untranslated region of FOXO3, inhibiting its transcription. Furthermore, the overexpression of FOXO3 reversed the protective effects of miR-197-3p. CONCLUSIONS DPSC-Exos inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and related cytokine release via the miR-197-3p/FOXO3 pathway, alleviated neuroinflammation, and inhibited microglial pyroptosis. These findings suggest that using DPSC-Exos is a promising therapeutic strategy for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Miao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- Cerebrovascular Disease Department, Neurological Disease Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jigang Chen
- Department of burn and plastic surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zilong He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Centre for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
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28
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Cha Z, Qiao Y, Lu Q, Wang Q, Lu X, Zhou H, Li T. Research progress and challenges of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1410732. [PMID: 39040041 PMCID: PMC11260720 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1410732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a significant global cause of death and disability. Currently, treatment options for acute ischemic stroke are limited to intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical recanalization. Therefore, novel neuroprotective strategies are imperative. Stem cell transplantation possesses the capabilities of differentiation, proliferation, neuronal replacement, nerve pathway reconstruction, secretion of nerve growth factors, and enhancement of the microenvironment; thus, it is a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. In addition, the immunomodulatory function of stem cells and the combined treatment of stem cells and exosomes exhibit a favorable protective effect on brain injury and neurological dysfunction following stroke. Meanwhile, the theory of microbiota-gut-brain axis provides us with a novel perspective for comprehending and managing neurological diseases. Lastly, stem cell transplantation has demonstrated promising outcomes not only in treating ischemic stroke but also in dealing with other neurological disorders, such as brain tumors. Furthermore, challenges related to the tissue source, delivery method, immune response, and timing of transplantation still need to be addressed to optimize the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaihong Cha
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yisheng Qiao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qixiong Lu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Institute of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Lan Z, Tan F, He J, Liu J, Lu M, Hu Z, Zhuo Y, Liu J, Tang X, Jiang Z, Lian A, Chen Y, Huang Y. Curcumin-primed olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury-induced neuronal PANoptosis by modulating microglial polarization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155635. [PMID: 38701541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often leads to neuronal death through persistent neuroinflammatory responses. Recent research has unveiled a unique inflammatory programmed cell death mode known as PANoptosis. However, direct evidence for PANoptosis in ischemic stroke-induced neuronal death has not been established. Although it is widely thought that modulating the balance of microglial phenotypic polarization in cerebral I/R could mitigate neuroinflammation-mediated neuronal death, it remains unknown whether microglial polarization influences PANoptotic neuronal death triggered by cerebral I/R. Our prior study demonstrated that curcumin (CUR) preconditioning could boost the neuroprotective properties of olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) in intracerebral hemorrhage. Yet, the potential neuroprotective capacity of curcumin-pretreated OM-MSCs (CUR-OM-MSCs) on reducing PANoptotic neuronal death during cerebral I/R injury through modulating microglial polarization is uncertain. METHODS To mimic cerebral I/R injury, We established in vivo models of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in C57BL/6 mice and in vitro models of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 neurons and BV2 microglia. RESULTS Our findings indicated that cerebral I/R injury caused PANoptotic neuronal death and triggered microglia to adopt an M1 (pro-inflammatory) phenotype both in vivo and in vitro. Curcumin pretreatment enhanced the proliferation and anti-inflammatory capacity of OM-MSCs. The CUR-OM-MSCs group experienced a more pronounced reduction in PANoptotic neuronal death and a better recovery of neurological function than the OM-MSCs group. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that microRNA-423-5p (miRNA-423-5p) expression was obviously upregulated in CUR-OM-MSCs compared to OM-MSCs. CUR-OM-MSCs treatment induced the switch to an M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype in microglia by releasing miRNA-423-5p, which targeted nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), an upstream regulator of NF-kappaB (NF-κB) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, to attenuate PANoptotic neuronal death resulting from cerebral I/R. CONCLUSION This results provide the first demonstration of the existence of PANoptotic neuronal death in cerebral I/R conditions. Curcumin preconditioning enhanced the ameliorating effect of OM-MSCs on neuroinflammation mediated by microglia polarization via upregulating the abundance of miRNA-423-5p. This intervention effectively alleviates PANoptotic neuronal death resulting from cerebral I/R. The combination of curcumin with OM-MSCs holds promise as a potentially efficacious treatment for cerebral ischemic stroke in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Fengbo Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - Jialin He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Ming Lu
- Key laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, the 921st Hospital of PLA (Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410081, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Yi Zhuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, PR China; Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - JunJiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China; Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital(First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Xiangqi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Aojie Lian
- Hunan provincial maternal and child health care hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- First Clinical Department, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, PR China; Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Hunan provincial maternal and child health care hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China; Key laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoration, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, PR China; Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha Hunan 410219, PR China.
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Liu D, Song C, Lv C, Zhang A. BONE MARROW MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELL-DERIVED EXOSOMAL NRF2 AMELIORATES CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY BY TRANSCRIPTIONALLY ACTIVATING LIN28A. Shock 2024; 62:85-94. [PMID: 38661181 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (CIRI) have severe consequences on brain function, and the exciting evidence has revealed protective role of acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (Lin28a) against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The present work aims to reveal its molecular mechanism in regulating CIRI, with the hope of providing a therapeutic method for cerebral I/R injury. We hypothesized that the exosomal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells could transcriptionally activate Lin28a and thereby alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. This hypothesis was validated in the present work. Methods: Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established using C57BL/6J mice, and the neurological deficit, infarct volume, and brain water content were assessed to evaluate neuron injury. Human glioblastoma cells (A172) were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) treatment to mimic a cerebral I/R injury cell model. Exosome isolation reagent was used to isolate exosomes from cell supernatant of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells through sequential centrifugation and filtration steps. mRNA expression level of Lin28a was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was analyzed by western blotting assay. TUNEL cell apoptosis detection kit was used to analyze cell apoptosis in brain tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and commercial kits were used to detect levels of inflammatory markers and oxidative stress markers. Ferrous Iron Colorimetric Assay Kit and Fe 2+ colorimetric assay kit were used to analyze Fe 2+ level. The association of Lin28a and NRF2 was identified by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results: The treatment of MCAO substantially augmented infarct volume in mice, impaired neurological function, and elevated brain water content. Lin28a was lowly expressed in brain tissues of mice with CIRI, and its overexpression protected against cerebral I/R injury of MCAO mice. Moreover, Lin28a overexpression protected A172 cells against OGD/R treatment-induced injury. Additionally, NRF2 transcriptionally activated Lin28a in A172 cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes increased Lin28a expression in a NRF2-dependent manner. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomal NRF2 improved OGD/R-induced A172 cell injury by inducing Lin28a production. Conclusion: Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomal NRF2 improved CIRI by transcriptionally activating Lin28a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Qixia City People's Hospital, Yantai City, China
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Chang Z, Wang QY, Li LH, Jiang B, Zhou XM, Zhu H, Sun YP, Pan X, Tu XX, Wang W, Liu CY, Kuang HX. Potential Plausible Role of Stem Cell for Treating Depressive Disorder: a Retrospective Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4454-4472. [PMID: 38097915 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Depression poses a significant threat to global physical and mental health, impacting around 3.8% of the population with a rising incidence. Current treatment options primarily involve medication and psychological support, yet their effectiveness remains limited, contributing to high relapse rates. There is an urgent need for innovative and more efficacious treatment modalities. Stem cell therapy, a promising avenue in regenerative medicine for a spectrum of neurodegenerative conditions, has recently garnered attention for its potential application in depression. While much of this work remains preclinical, it has demonstrated considerable promise. Identified mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of stem cell therapy encompass the stimulation of neurotrophic factors, immune function modulation, and augmented monoamine levels. Nonetheless, these pathways and other undiscovered mechanisms necessitate further investigation. Depression fundamentally manifests as a neurodegenerative disorder. Given stem cell therapy's success in addressing a range of neurodegenerative pathologies, it opens the door to explore its application in depression treatment. This exploration may include repairing damaged nerves directly or indirectly and inhibiting neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, significant challenges must be overcome before stem cell therapies can be applied clinically. Successful resolution of these issues will ultimately determine the feasibility of incorporating stem cell therapies into the clinical landscape. This narrative review provides insights into the progress of research, potential avenues for exploration, and the prevailing challenges in the implementation of stem cell therapy for treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Qing-Yi Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Lu-Hao Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhou
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Yan-Ping Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Xu Tu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Wei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen-Yue Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China.
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Deng AF, Wang FX, Wang SC, Zhang YZ, Bai L, Su JC. Bone-organ axes: bidirectional crosstalk. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:37. [PMID: 38867330 PMCID: PMC11167910 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to its recognized role in providing structural support, bone plays a crucial role in maintaining the functionality and balance of various organs by secreting specific cytokines (also known as osteokines). This reciprocal influence extends to these organs modulating bone homeostasis and development, although this aspect has yet to be systematically reviewed. This review aims to elucidate this bidirectional crosstalk, with a particular focus on the role of osteokines. Additionally, it presents a unique compilation of evidence highlighting the critical function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) within bone-organ axes for the first time. Moreover, it explores the implications of this crosstalk for designing and implementing bone-on-chips and assembloids, underscoring the importance of comprehending these interactions for advancing physiologically relevant in vitro models. Consequently, this review establishes a robust theoretical foundation for preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases related to the bone-organ axis from the perspective of cytokines, EVs, hormones, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Fu Deng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fu-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Si-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ying-Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jia-Can Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- National Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Wang Y, Wan Y, Zhou X, Zhang P, Zhang J. OTULIN of exosomes derived from Schwann cells promotes peripheral nerve injury repair by regulating macrophage polarization via deubiquitination of ERBB2. Neurosci Lett 2024; 833:137813. [PMID: 38723761 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A significant public health burden is peripheral nerve damage (PNI), which is frequently brought on by trauma. Macrophages were essential to the effective regeneration of nerves and restoration of function. It is still not entirely understood how macrophages and Schwann cells interact after damage during remyelination. Here, we established an inflammatory model in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and a rat sciatic nerve damage model to investigate the possible relationship between lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced exosomes derived from Schwann cells (LPS SCs-Exos) and peripheral nerve repair. The pro-inflammatory macrophage was changed into a pro-regeneration macrophage by LPS SC-Exos. Notably, it was discovered that SC-Exos had a substantial enrichment of OTULIN. OTULIN was a key mediator in the regulatory effects of LPS SC-Exos by deubiquitinating ERBB2 and preventing its degradation. The local injection of SC-Exos into the nerve damage site led in a faster functional recovery, axon regeneration and remyelination, and an increased M2 macrophage polarization, whereas OTULIN knockdown reversed these effects in vivo. Our results indicate that LPS SC-Exos may offer a therapeutic avenue for peripheral nerve regeneration by promoting macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype through the shuttling of OTULIN and deubiquitination of ERBB2. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: OTULIN protein from SC-Exos mediated the macrophages polarization and axonal growth in BMDMs through promoting ubiquitination of ERBB2 and triggering the degradation of ERBB2. The findings offered prospective therapeutic hints for PNI therapy approaches that target axonal regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yuehong Wan
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Zhu Y, Zhao X, Liu R, Yang D, Ge G. Effect of Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation of Microglia-Derived Exosomes on Hippocampal Neurons: A Study on miR-124 and Inflammatory Cytokines. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:349-357. [PMID: 38598045 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that threatens human health. Developing safe and effective drugs and finding therapeutic targets has become an urgent scientific problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oxygen-glucose deprivation of the microglia-derived exosome on hippocampal neurons and its relationship to miR-124 in the exosome. We incubated hippocampal neurons with exosomes secreted by oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reoxygenation (OGD/R) microglia. The levels of glutamic acid (GLU) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the culture supernatant were detected by ELISA. CCK-8 was used to measure neuronal survival rates. The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by RT-qPCR to evaluate the effect of exosomes on neurons. RT-qPCR was then used to detect miR-124 in microglia and their secreted exosomes. Finally, potential targets of miR-124 were analyzed through database retrieval, gene detection with dual luciferase reporters, and western blotting experiments. The results showed that the contents of GLU, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA increased in the supernatant of cultured hippocampal neurons, the content of GABA decreased, and the survival rate of neurons decreased. Oxygen-glucose deprivation increases miR-124 levels in microglia and their released exosomes. miR-124 acts as a target gene on cytokine signaling suppressor molecule 1(SOCS1), while miR-124 inhibitors reduce the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA in neurons. These results suggest that oxygen- and glucose-deprived microglia regulate inflammatory cytokines leading to reduced neuronal survival, which may be achieved by miR-124 using SOCS1 as a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Zhu
- Class 5, Grade 2023, Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Gui'an New District, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Gui'an New District, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruojing Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Gui'an New District, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Gui'an New District, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Gui'an New District, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Human Brain Bank for Functions and Diseases of Department of Education of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou, 561113, People's Republic of China.
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Xu C, Fang X, Lu B, Song Y, Shu W, Lu Z, Su R, Xiang Z, Xu X, Wei X. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate fatty liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating autophagy through upregulation of IFNγ. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4040. [PMID: 38850132 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an important factor affecting the prognosis of liver transplantation, and extended criteria donors (e.g., steatosis donor livers) are considered to be more sensitive to ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. Currently, the application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) has great promise in the treatment of various injuries in the liver. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic role and mechanism of hMSCs in fatty liver IRI. After more than 8 weeks of high-fat chow feeding, we constructed a fatty liver mouse model and established ischemic injury of about 70% of the liver. Six hours after IRI, liver injury was significantly alleviated in hMSCs-treated mice, and the expression levels of liver enzyme, inflammatory factor TNF-α, and apoptotic proteins were significantly lower than those of the control group, which were also significant in pathological sections. Transcriptomics analysis showed that IFNγ was significantly upregulated in the hMSCs group. Mechanistically, IFNγ, which activates the MAPK pathway, is a potent agonist that promotes the occurrence of autophagy in hepatocytes to exert a protective function, which was confirmed by in vitro experiments. In summary, hMSCs treatment could slow down IRI in fatty liver by activating autophagy through upregulation of IFNγ, and this effect was partly direct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixi Fang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yisu Song
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Shu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renyi Su
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Liu H, Li C, Zhang X, Chen H, Zhang Q, Zeng Y, Zheng S, Zou J, Zhao Y, Zheng X, Huang G, Zeng Q. BMSC-Exosomes attenuate ALP dysfunction by restoring lysosomal function via the mTOR/TFEB Axis to reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Neurol 2024; 376:114726. [PMID: 38403042 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex pathophysiological changes following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) include the accumulation of defective proteins and damaged organelles, which cause massive neuron demise. To preserve cellular homeostasis, the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) is crucial for neurons to dispose of these substances. Many studies have shown that bone mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (BMSC-Exos) can reduce CIRI. However, the specific mechanisms have not been well elucidated, a fact that limits its widespread clinical use. This study aimed to clarify whether BMSC-Exos could attenuate ALP dysfunction by restoring lysosomal function after CIRI via inhibiting mTOR and then activating TFEB nucleus translocation. METHODS In this study, Flow cytometry, Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Western blot were used to identify the BMSCs and BMSC-Exos used in this experiment as conforming to the requirements. In vivo experiments, SD rats were modeled with temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and BMSC-Exos was injected into the tail vein 2 h after modeling. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, modified neurological severity scores (mNSS), corner turn test, and rotating rod test were used to detect neurological deficits in rats after BMSC-Exos intervention. Western blot and Immunofluorescence were used to detect ALP, transcription factor EB(TFEB) nucleus translocation, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) change at different time points after modeling and after BMSC-Exos intervention. In vitro experiments, pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) modeling to mimic CIRI, and were respectively intervened with BMSC-Exos, BMSC-Exos + MHY 1485 (the mTOR agonist), Rapamycin (the mTOR inhibitor). CCK8, Western blot, and Immunofluorescence were used to detect PC12 cell survival, TFEB nucleus translocation, and cathepsin B(CTSB) Immunofluorescence intensity. RESULTS We found that ALP dysfunction occurred 72 h after tMCAO, and BMSC-Exos can attenuate ALP dysfunction by restoring lysosomal function. Next, we examined TFEB nucleus translocation and the expression of mTOR, a key regulator of translocation. We found that BMSC-Exos could inhibit mTOR and activate TFEB nucleus translocation. Additional in vitro tests revealed that BMSC-Exos could increase PC12 cell survival after OGD/R, activating TFEB nucleus translocation and enhancing the fluorescence intensity of CTSB, which in turn could be reversed by the mTOR agonist, MHY1485. This effect was similar to another mTOR inhibitor, Rapamycin. CONCLUSION BMSC-Exos could attenuate ALP dysfunction by restoring lysosomal function after CIRI by inhibiting mTOR and then promoting TFEB nucleus translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yuting Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Shuqi Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jihua Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong
| | - Yijin Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Guozhi Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China; School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Li L, Shi C, Dong F, Xu G, Lei M, Zhang F. Targeting pyroptosis to treat ischemic stroke: From molecular pathways to treatment strategy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112168. [PMID: 38688133 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the primary reason for human disability and death, but the available treatment options are limited. Hence, it is imperative to explore novel and efficient therapies. In recent years, pyroptosis (a pro-inflammatory cell death characterized by inflammation) has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in ischemic stroke that can cause cell death through plasma membrane rupture and release of inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis is closely associated with inflammation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response in ischemic stroke. The level of inflammasomes, GSDMD, Caspases, and inflammatory factors is increased after ischemic stroke, exacerbating brain injury by mediating pyroptosis. Hence, inhibition of pyroptosis can be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke, as well as a series of treatments to attenuate pyroptosis, intending to provide insights for new therapeutic targets on ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Chonglin Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
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Galindo AN, Frey Rubio DA, Hettiaratchi MH. Biomaterial strategies for regulating the neuroinflammatory response. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 5:4025-4054. [PMID: 38774837 PMCID: PMC11103561 DOI: 10.1039/d3ma00736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Injury and disease in the central nervous system (CNS) can result in a dysregulated inflammatory environment that inhibits the repair of functional tissue. Biomaterials present a promising approach to tackle this complex inhibitory environment and modulate the mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation to halt the progression of secondary injury and promote the repair of functional tissue. In this review, we will cover recent advances in biomaterial strategies, including nanoparticles, hydrogels, implantable scaffolds, and neural probe coatings, that have been used to modulate the innate immune response to injury and disease within the CNS. The stages of inflammation following CNS injury and the main inflammatory contributors involved in common neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed, as understanding the inflammatory response to injury and disease is critical for identifying therapeutic targets and designing effective biomaterial-based treatment strategies. Biomaterials and novel composites will then be discussed with an emphasis on strategies that deliver immunomodulatory agents or utilize cell-material interactions to modulate inflammation and promote functional tissue repair. We will explore the application of these biomaterial-based strategies in the context of nanoparticle- and hydrogel-mediated delivery of small molecule drugs and therapeutic proteins to inflamed nervous tissue, implantation of hydrogels and scaffolds to modulate immune cell behavior and guide axon elongation, and neural probe coatings to mitigate glial scarring and enhance signaling at the tissue-device interface. Finally, we will present a future outlook on the growing role of biomaterial-based strategies for immunomodulation in regenerative medicine and neuroengineering applications in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycia N Galindo
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - David A Frey Rubio
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - Marian H Hettiaratchi
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
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Liu C, Yin T, Zhang M, Li Z, Xu B, Lv H, Wang P, Wang J, Hao J, Zhang L. Function of miR-21-5p derived from ADSCs-exos on the neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107779. [PMID: 38768666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebral ischemia (CI) induces a profound neuroinflammatory response, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC-exos) have been found to play a crucial role in cell communication by transferring molecules including microRNAs (miRNAs), which have been shown to modulate the inflammatory response after CI and are viable molecular targets for altering brain function. The current study aimed to explore the contribution of ADSC-exosomal miR-21-5p to the neuroinflammation after CI. METHODS The differentially expressed miR-21-5p in CI was screened based on literature search. The target mRNAs of miR-21-5p were predicted using online databases and verified by luciferase reporter assay. Then, BV2 cells were treated with hemin to simulate the inflammatory response after CI, and its animal model was induced using the MCAO method. Ischemia was evaluated in rats using 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. ADSCs-exos were further isolated and identified by western blot analysis and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS MiR-21-5p was significantly down-regulated in CI and alleviated neuropathic damage after CI by the PIK3R1/PI3K/AKT signaling axis. And miR-21-5p derived from ADSCs-exos alleviated neuroinflammation after CI via promoting microglial M2 polarization. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that ADSC-exosomal miR-21-5p mitigated post-CI inflammatory response through the PIK3R1/PI3K/AKT signaling axis and could offer neuroprotection after CI through promoting polarization of M2 microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Tengkun Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Zhongchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Hang Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Peijian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jiyue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jiheng Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Liyong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Brain Hospital, No. 45 Huashan Road, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
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Zhang N, Luo Y, Shao J, Sun H, Ma K, Gao X. Exosomal long non-coding RNA AU020206 alleviates macrophage pyroptosis in atherosclerosis by suppressing CEBPB-mediated NLRP3 transcription. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114054. [PMID: 38657723 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested exosomes (EXO) as potential therapeutic tools for cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis (AS). This study investigates the function of bone marrow stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes (EXO) on macrophage pyroptosis in AS and explores the associated mechanism. BMSC-EXO were isolated from healthy mice and identified. RAW264.7 cells (mouse macrophages) were exposed to oxLDL to simulate an AS condition. BMSC-EXO treatment enhanced viability and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release of macrophages. An animal model of AS was established using ApoE-/- mice. BMSC-EXO treatment suppressed plaque formation as well as macrophage and lipid infiltration in mouse aortic tissues. Moreover, BMSC-EXO decreased concentrations of pyroptosis-related markers interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, cleaved-caspase-1 and gasdermin D in vitro and in vivo. Long non-coding RNA AU020206 was carried by the BMSC-EXO, and it bound to CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) to block CEBPB-mediated transcriptional activation of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). Functional assays revealed that silencing of AU020206 aggravated macrophage pyroptosis and exacerbated AS symptoms in mice. These exacerbations were blocked upon CEBPB silencing but then restored after NLRP3 overexpression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that AU020206 delivered by BMSC-EXO alleviates macrophage pyroptosis in AS by blocking CEBPB-mediated transcriptional activation of NLRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yuxin Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jiawei Shao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, PR China.
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Qin J, Zhou L, Yu L, Ye J, Wang F, Zhou J, Gu Y, Chen G, Chen X. Exosomes derived from HUVECs alleviate ischemia-reperfusion induced inflammation in neural cells by upregulating KLF14 expression. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1365928. [PMID: 38756375 PMCID: PMC11096520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1365928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the progression of secondary brain injury after ischemic stroke, and exosomes have been increasingly recognized to eliminate inflammatory responses through various mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the effect and possible mechanism of human umbilical vein endothelial cells derived exosomes (H-EXOs) on neuroinflammation. We established a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) in male rats and oxygen-glucose-deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in cultured neurons to mimic secondary brain injury after ischemic stroke in vivo. H-EXOs were administered at the same time of reperfusion. Results showed that the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) were significantly increased both in rat brain tissue and cultured neural cells after ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury. H-EXOs treatment significantly improved the cultured cell viability, reduced infarct sizes, mitigated neurobehavioral defects, and alleviated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with the control group, indicating that H-EXOs exerted anti-inflammatory effect against I/R injury. Further studies revealed that the anti-inflammatory effect of H-EXOs could be weakened by small-interfering RNA (siKLF4) transfection. KLF14 was a protective factor produced during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In conclusion, H-EXOs protect neurons from inflammation after I/R injury by enhancing KLF14 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingwen Ye
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Nantong Xingzhong Cell Engineering Co. Ltd, Nantong, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Nantong Xingzhong Cell Engineering Co. Ltd, Nantong, China
| | - Yunjuan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Fallahi S, Zangbar HS, Farajdokht F, Rahbarghazi R, Mohaddes G, Ghiasi F. Exosomes as a therapeutic tool to promote neurorestoration and cognitive function in neurological conditions: Achieve two ends with a single effort. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14752. [PMID: 38775149 PMCID: PMC11110007 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes possess a significant role in intercellular communications. In the nervous system, various neural cells release exosomes that not only own a role in intercellular communications but also eliminate the waste of cells, maintain the myelin sheath, facilitate neurogenesis, and specifically assist in normal cognitive function. In neurological conditions including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and stroke, exosomal cargo like miRNAs take part in the sequela of conditions and serve as a diagnostic tool of neurological disorders, too. Exosomes are not only a diagnostic tool but also their inhibition or administration from various sources like mesenchymal stem cells and serum, which have shown a worthy potential to treat multiple neurological disorders. In addition to neurodegenerative manifestations, cognitive deficiencies are an integral part of neurological diseases, and applying exosomes in improving both aspects of these diseases has been promising. This review discusses the status of exosome therapy in improving neurorestorative and cognitive function following neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Fallahi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Neurosciences Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Biomedical EducationCalifornia Health Sciences University, College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of PhysiologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Liu T, Ma Z, Liu L, Pei Y, Wu Q, Xu S, Liu Y, Ding N, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Chen X. Conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells treats spinal cord injury by inhibiting microglial pyroptosis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1105-1111. [PMID: 37862215 PMCID: PMC10749599 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cell transplantation has been shown to be an effective therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury. However, whether the human dental pulp stem cell secretome can contribute to functional recovery after spinal cord injury remains unclear. In the present study, we established a rat model of spinal cord injury based on impact injury from a dropped weight and then intraperitoneally injected the rats with conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells. We found that the conditioned medium effectively promoted the recovery of sensory and motor functions in rats with spinal cord injury, decreased expression of the microglial pyroptosis markers NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-1, and interleukin-1β, promoted axonal and myelin regeneration, and inhibited the formation of glial scars. In addition, in a lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia model, conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells protected cells from pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1β pathway. These results indicate that conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells can reduce microglial pyroptosis by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1β pathway, thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury. Therefore, conditioned medium from human dental pulp stem cells may become an alternative therapy for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqian Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yilun Pei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songjie Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Guan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueming Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pinoșanu EA, Pîrșcoveanu D, Albu CV, Burada E, Pîrvu A, Surugiu R, Sandu RE, Serb AF. Rhoa/ROCK, mTOR and Secretome-Based Treatments for Ischemic Stroke: New Perspectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3484-3501. [PMID: 38666949 PMCID: PMC11049286 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke triggers a complex cascade of cellular and molecular events leading to neuronal damage and tissue injury. This review explores the potential therapeutic avenues targeting cellular signaling pathways implicated in stroke pathophysiology. Specifically, it focuses on the articles that highlight the roles of RhoA/ROCK and mTOR signaling pathways in ischemic brain injury and their therapeutic implications. The RhoA/ROCK pathway modulates various cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics and inflammation, while mTOR signaling regulates cell growth, proliferation, and autophagy. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of targeting these pathways in stroke models, offering insights into potential treatment strategies. However, challenges such as off-target effects and the need for tissue-specific targeting remain. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests the therapeutic potential of MSC secretome in stroke treatment, highlighting the importance of exploring alternative approaches. Future research directions include elucidating the precise mechanisms of action, optimizing treatment protocols, and translating preclinical findings into clinical practice for improved stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Anca Pinoșanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania
| | - Denisa Pîrșcoveanu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Carmen Valeria Albu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
| | - Emilia Burada
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Andrei Pîrvu
- Dolj County Regional Centre of Medical Genetics, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Craiova, St. Tabaci, No. 1, 200642 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Roxana Surugiu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Raluca Elena Sandu
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania; (E.A.P.); (D.P.); (C.V.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, St. Petru Rares, No. 2-4, 200433 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Alina Florina Serb
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Biochemistry Discipline, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq., No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Chen L, Xiong Y, Chopp M, Zhang Y. Engineered exosomes enriched with select microRNAs amplify their therapeutic efficacy for traumatic brain injury and stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1376601. [PMID: 38566841 PMCID: PMC10985177 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1376601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke stand as prominent causes of global disability and mortality. Treatment strategies for stroke and TBI are shifting from targeting neuroprotection toward cell-based neurorestorative strategy, aiming to augment endogenous brain remodeling, which holds considerable promise for the treatment of TBI and stroke. Compelling evidence underscores that the therapeutic effects of cell-based therapy are mediated by the active generation and release of exosomes from administered cells. Exosomes, endosomal derived and nano-sized extracellular vesicles, play a pivotal role in intercellular communication. Thus, we may independently employ exosomes to treat stroke and TBI. Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived exosomes promotes neuroplasticity and neurological functional recovery in preclinical animal models of TBI and stroke. In this mini review, we describe the properties of exosomes and recent exosome-based therapies of TBI and stroke. It is noteworthy that the microRNA cargo within exosomes contributes to their therapeutic effects. Thus, we provide a brief introduction to microRNAs and insight into their key roles in mediating therapeutic effects. With the increasing knowledge of exosomes, researchers have "engineered" exosome microRNA content to amplify their therapeutic benefits. We therefore focus our discussion on the therapeutic benefits of recently employed microRNA-enriched engineered exosomes. We also discuss the current opportunities and challenges in translating exosome-based therapy to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ye Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Yanlu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
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Liang Y, Chen L, Huang J, Lan Z, Xia S, Yang H, Bao X, Yu X, Fan Y, Xu Y, Zhu X, Jin J. Neuroprotective effects of Aucubin against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111648. [PMID: 38335656 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To study the role of Aucubin (AU) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and investigate the potential mechanisms. METHODS For the in vitro experiment, primary microglia were cultured and stimulated by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and treated with AU. Male C57/BL6J mice were used and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was performed to induce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. For the short-term effects, mice administrated with AU (40 mg/kg) for 3 days after MCAO were evaluated for the infarct volume and neurological deficits. The neuroinflammatory factors and microglia activation were determined by Real-time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining. For the long-term effects, MCAO mice were injected daily with AU (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) for 28 days. Behavior tests were used to assess the neurological deficits of MCAO mice, and white matter integrity was determined by myelin basic protein (MBP) staining and black-gold staining. RESULTS AU suppressed LPS-induced activation of microglia and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, and downregulated the NF-κB and MAPK pathways in primary microglia. In addition, AU attenuated ischemic injury and inhibited the neuro-inflammatory response in MCAO mice. Moreover, AU induced prolonged improvements in sensorimotor function and memory function following MCAO, and preserved white matter integrity in the long-term experiments. CONCLUSIONS AU protected against ischemic injury, which might be correlated with the downregulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, AU alleviated cognitive impairment after stroke and restored white matter integrity. Our data indicated that AU might be a potential compound for the treatment of stroke and post-stroke cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liqiu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhen Lan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yingao Fan
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jiali Jin
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Neurology Medical Center, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Saleh RO, Majeed AA, Margiana R, Alkadir OKA, Almalki SG, Ghildiyal P, Samusenkov V, Jabber NK, Mustafa YF, Elawady A. Therapeutic gene delivery by mesenchymal stem cell for brain ischemia damage: Focus on molecular mechanisms in ischemic stroke. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3957. [PMID: 38468129 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic damage is prevalent and the second highest cause of death globally across patient populations; it is as a substantial reason of morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest as a potential treatment for cerebral ischemic damage, as shown in ischemic stroke, because of their potent intrinsic features, which include self-regeneration, immunomodulation, and multi-potency. Additionally, MSCs are easily obtained, isolated, and cultured. Despite this, there are a number of obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of MSC-based treatment, such as adverse microenvironmental conditions both in vivo and in vitro. To overcome these obstacles, the naïve MSC has undergone a number of modification processes to enhance its innate therapeutic qualities. Genetic modification and preconditioning modification (with medications, growth factors, and other substances) are the two main categories into which these modification techniques can be separated. This field has advanced significantly and is still attracting attention and innovation. We examine these cutting-edge methods for preserving and even improving the natural biological functions and therapeutic potential of MSCs in relation to adhesion, migration, homing to the target site, survival, and delayed premature senescence. We address the use of genetically altered MSC in stroke-induced damage. Future strategies for improving the therapeutic result and addressing the difficulties associated with MSC modification are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Ali A Majeed
- Department of Pathological Analyses, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ola Kamal A Alkadir
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sami G Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vadim Samusenkov
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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48
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Oladapo A, Jackson T, Menolascino J, Periyasamy P. Role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:428-446. [PMID: 38336022 PMCID: PMC10911058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis, an inflammatory programmed cell death process, has recently garnered significant attention due to its pivotal role in various neurological diseases. This review delves into the intricate molecular signaling pathways governing pyroptosis, encompassing both caspase-1 dependent and caspase-1 independent routes, while emphasizing the critical role played by the inflammasome machinery in initiating cell death. Notably, we explore the Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) containing protein family, the Absent in melanoma 2-like receptor family, and the Pyrin receptor family as essential activators of pyroptosis. Additionally, we comprehensively examine the Gasdermin family, renowned for their role as executioner proteins in pyroptosis. Central to our review is the interplay between pyroptosis and various central nervous system (CNS) cell types, including astrocytes, microglia, neurons, and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Pyroptosis emerges as a significant factor in the pathophysiology of each cell type, highlighting its far-reaching impact on neurological diseases. This review also thoroughly addresses the involvement of pyroptosis in specific neurological conditions, such as HIV infection, drug abuse-mediated pathologies, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. These discussions illuminate the intricate connections between pyroptosis, chronic inflammation, and cell death in the development of these disorders. We also conducted a comparative analysis, contrasting pyroptosis with other cell death mechanisms, thereby shedding light on their unique aspects. This approach helps clarify the distinct contributions of pyroptosis to neuroinflammatory processes. In conclusion, this review offers a comprehensive exploration of the role of pyroptosis in various neurological diseases, emphasizing its multifaceted molecular mechanisms within various CNS cell types. By elucidating the link between pyroptosis and chronic inflammation in the context of neurodegenerative disorders and infections, it provides valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets for mitigating these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiola Oladapo
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | - Thomas Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | - Jueliet Menolascino
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA
| | - Palsamy Periyasamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA.
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Che J, Wang H, Dong J, Wu Y, Zhang H, Fu L, Zhang J. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress through the NRF2/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14454. [PMID: 37697971 PMCID: PMC10916441 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS We investigated whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived exosomes bear therapeutic potential against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from hUC-MSC supernatant by ultra-high-speed centrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. Inflammatory responses were induced by LPS in BV-2 cells, primary microglial cultures, and C57BL/6J mice. H2 O2 was also used to induce inflammation and oxidative stress in BV-2 cells. The effects of hUC-MSC-derived exosomes on inflammatory cytokine expression, oxidative stress, and microglia polarization were studied by immunofluorescence and western blotting. RESULTS Treatment with hUC-MSC-derived exosomes significantly decreased the LPS- or H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in vitro, while promoting an anti-inflammatory (classical M2) phenotype in an LPS-treated mouse model. Mechanistically, the exosomes increased the NRF2 levels and inhibited the LPS-induced NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In contrast, the reactive oxygen species scavenger NAC and NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 also inhibited the LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and switched to the classical M2 phenotype. Treatment with the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 abolished the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the exosomes. CONCLUSION hUC-MSC-derived exosomes ameliorated LPS/H2 O2 -induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting the microglial NRF2/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Che
- Department of AnesthesiologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of AnesthesiologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of AnesthesiologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haichao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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50
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Chen DH, Huang JR, Su SL, Chen Q, Wu BY. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for cerebral small vessel disease. Regen Ther 2024; 25:377-386. [PMID: 38414558 PMCID: PMC10899004 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), as the most common, chronic and progressive vascular disease on the brain, is a serious neurological disease, whose pathogenesis remains unclear. The disease is a leading cause of stroke and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, and contributes to about 20% of strokes, including 25% of ischemic strokes and 45% of dementias. Undoubtedly, the high incidence and poor prognosis of CSVD have brought a heavy economic and medical burden to society. The present treatment of CSVD focuses on the management of vascular risk factors. Although vascular risk factors may be important causes or accelerators of CSVD and should always be treated in accordance with best clinical practice, controlling risk factors alone could not curb the progression of CSVD brain injury. Therefore, developing safer and more effective treatment strategies for CSVD is urgently needed. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has become an emerging therapeutic modality for the treatment of central nervous system disease, given their paracrine properties and immunoregulatory. Herein, we discussed the therapeutic potential of MSCs for CSVD, aiming to enable clinicians and researchers to understand of recent progress and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hua Chen
- Neurology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia-Rong Huang
- Neurology Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuo-Lei Su
- Shaoguan University, No.288 University Road, Xinshaozhen Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan, 512005, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Medical Research center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Precision Medicine Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bing-Yi Wu
- Medical Research center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Precision Medicine Center of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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