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Jighly A, Thayalakumaran T, Kant S, Panozzo J, Aggarwal R, Hessel D, Forrest KL, Technow F, Totir R, Goddard M, Pryce J, Hayden MJ, Munkvold J, O'Leary GJ. Statistical sampling of missing environmental variables improves biophysical genomic prediction in wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:108. [PMID: 38637355 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The integration of genomic prediction with crop growth models enabled the estimation of missing environmental variables which improved the prediction accuracy of grain yield. Since the invention of whole-genome prediction (WGP) more than two decades ago, breeding programmes have established extensive reference populations that are cultivated under diverse environmental conditions. The introduction of the CGM-WGP model, which integrates crop growth models (CGM) with WGP, has expanded the applications of WGP to the prediction of unphenotyped traits in untested environments, including future climates. However, CGMs require multiple seasonal environmental records, unlike WGP, which makes CGM-WGP less accurate when applied to historical reference populations that lack crucial environmental inputs. Here, we investigated the ability of CGM-WGP to approximate missing environmental variables to improve prediction accuracy. Two environmental variables in a wheat CGM, initial soil water content (InitlSoilWCont) and initial nitrate profile, were sampled from different normal distributions separately or jointly in each iteration within the CGM-WGP algorithm. Our results showed that sampling InitlSoilWCont alone gave the best results and improved the prediction accuracy of grain number by 0.07, yield by 0.06 and protein content by 0.03. When using the sampled InitlSoilWCont values as an input for the traditional CGM, the average narrow-sense heritability of the genotype-specific parameters (GSPs) improved by 0.05, with GNSlope, PreAnthRes, and VernSen showing the greatest improvements. Moreover, the root mean square of errors for grain number and yield was reduced by about 7% for CGM and 31% for CGM-WGP when using the sampled InitlSoilWCont values. Our results demonstrate the advantage of sampling missing environmental variables in CGM-WGP to improve prediction accuracy and increase the size of the reference population by enabling the utilisation of historical data that are missing environmental records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulqader Jighly
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
- SuSTATability Statistical Solutions, Melbourne, VIC, 3081, Australia.
| | - Thabo Thayalakumaran
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Surya Kant
- Grains Innovation Park, Agriculture Victoria, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Joe Panozzo
- Grains Innovation Park, Agriculture Victoria, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | | | | | - Kerrie L Forrest
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | | | | | - Mike Goddard
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jennie Pryce
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Matthew J Hayden
- AgriBio, Centre for AgriBiosciences, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | | | - Garry J O'Leary
- Grains Innovation Park, Agriculture Victoria, Horsham, VIC, 3400, Australia
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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Feng Y, Alam MS, Yan F, Frei M. Alteration of carbon and nitrogen allocation in winter wheat under elevated ozone. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111924. [PMID: 37992899 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone accelerates senescence and shortens grain filling, consequently affecting the remobilization and allocation efficiency of aboveground biomass and nutrients into grains in cereal crops. This study investigated carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations repeatedly in shoot biomass during the growth period and in grain after the harvest in eighteen wheat genotypes under control and ozone treatments in open-top chambers. Season-long ozone fumigation was conducted at an average ozone concentration of 70 ppb with three additional acute ozone episodes of around 150 ppb. Although there were no significant differences in straw C and N concentrations between the two treatments, the straw C:N ratio was significantly increased after long-term ozone fumigation, and the grain C:N ratio decreased under elevated ozone without significance. Grain N concentrations increased significantly under ozone stress, whereas N yield declined significantly due to grain yield losses induced by ozone. Moreover, different indicators of N use efficiency were significantly reduced with the exception of N utilization efficiency (NUtE), indicating that elevated ozone exposure reduced the N absorption from soil and allocation from vegetative to reproductive organs. The linear regression between straw C:N ratio and productivity indicated that straw C:N was not a suitable trait for predicting wheat productivity due to the low coefficient of determination (R2). Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) was not significantly affected by ozone stress among all genotypes. However, elevated ozone concentration changed the relationship between harvest index (HI) and NHI, and the reduced regression slope between them indicated that ozone exposure significantly affected the relationship of N and biomass allocation into wheat grains. The cultivar "Jenga" showed optimal ozone tolerance due to less yield reduction and higher NUE after ozone exposure. The genotypes with higher nutrient use efficiencies are promising to cope with ozone-induced changes in nitrogen partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Feng
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Crop Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Shahedul Alam
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Frei
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
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Raza A, Din WU, Waleed A, Jabbar A, Alharby HF, Al-Solami HM, Alabdallah NM, Rehman HU. Magnesium fertilization reduces high-temperature damages during anthesis in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by affecting pollen viability and seed weight. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118280-118290. [PMID: 37737946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29911-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Terminal heat during reproductive stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) limits the productivity of the crop. Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient that is involved in many physiological and biochemical processes to affect photosynthesis and seed weight. The present study comparatively evaluated Mg applied to soil (80 kg MgSO4·7H2O ha-1) and to plant foliage (4% w/v) in improving wheat performance under terminal heat. Wheat crop was grown in two sets of treatments until the booting stage, and then one set of plants was shifted to a glasshouse (±5 °C) at the booting stage to grow until maturity in comparison to control plants kept under ambient warehouse condition. Heat stress reduced the pollen viability while foliar- and soil-applied Mg improved it by 3% and 6% under heat stress, respectively, compared to the control without Mg treatment. The 100-seed weight, spike length, and biological yield reduced by 39%, 19%, and 50% under heat stress; however, foliar and soil application increased 100-seed weight by 45% and 40%, spike length by 8% and 5%, and biological yield by 35% and 25% under heat stress, respectively. Soil Mg showed maximum SPAD chlorophyll values; however, response was statistically similar to that of foliar Mg as compared to the control without Mg supply. Membrane stability decreased (4%) due to heat stress while foliar and soil treatments improved membrane stability by 8% and 5% compared to that of the control, respectively. Thus, Mg application through soil or plant foliage can be an effective way to reduce negative impacts of terminal heat in wheat by improving pollen viability at anthesis and 100-seed weight that was attributed to increased chlorophyll contents during anthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Wasi Ud Din
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Aiman Waleed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habeeb M Al-Solami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafeez Ur Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
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Esposito S, Vitale P, Taranto F, Saia S, Pecorella I, D'Agostino N, Rodriguez M, Natoli V, De Vita P. Simultaneous improvement of grain yield and grain protein concentration in durum wheat by using association tests and weighted GBLUP. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:242. [PMID: 37947927 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04487-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Simultaneous improvement for GY and GPC by using GWAS and GBLUP suggested a significant application in durum wheat breeding. Despite the importance of grain protein concentration (GPC) in determining wheat quality, its negative correlation with grain yield (GY) is still one of the major challenges for breeders. Here, a durum wheat panel of 200 genotypes was evaluated for GY, GPC, and their derived indices (GPD and GYD), under eight different agronomic conditions. The plant material was genotyped with the Illumina 25 k iSelect array, and a genome-wide association study was performed. Two statistical models revealed dozens of marker-trait associations (MTAs), each explaining up to 30%. phenotypic variance. Two markers on chromosomes 2A and 6B were consistently identified by both models and were found to be significantly associated with GY and GPC. MTAs identified for phenological traits co-mapped to well-known genes (i.e., Ppd-1, Vrn-1). The significance values (p-values) that measure the strength of the association of each single nucleotide polymorphism marker with the target traits were used to perform genomic prediction by using a weighted genomic best linear unbiased prediction model. The trained models were ultimately used to predict the agronomic performances of an independent durum wheat panel, confirming the utility of genomic prediction, although environmental conditions and genetic backgrounds may still be a challenge to overcome. The results generated through our study confirmed the utility of GPD and GYD to mitigate the inverse GY and GPC relationship in wheat, provided novel markers for marker-assisted selection and opened new ways to develop cultivars through genomic prediction approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Esposito
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 673 Meters 25200, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paolo Vitale
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 673 Meters 25200, 71122, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Science, Engineering, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Taranto
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Saia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56129, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ivano Pecorella
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 673 Meters 25200, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Nunzio D'Agostino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Monica Rodriguez
- Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Natoli
- Genetic Services SRL, Contrada Catenaccio, snc, 71026, Deliceto, FG, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, SS 673 Meters 25200, 71122, Foggia, Italy.
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Yang H, Li Y, Zhao J, Chen Z, Huang X, Fan G. Regulating the composition and secondary structure of wheat protein through canopy shading to improve dough performance and nutritional index. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113399. [PMID: 37803737 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Viscoelastic properties of gluten proteins critically determine the biscuit-making quality. However, cultivar genetics and light conditions closely regulate the composition of the gluten proteins. The impact of pre- and post-anthesis shading (60 %) on amino acid profile, gluten protein composition, secondary structure, dough performance, and biscuit-making quality were evaluated using four wheat cultivars that differ in gluten protein composition. Pre- and post-anthesis shading increased the contents of gliadin, by 35.8 and 3.1 %; glutenin, by 27.6 and 7.3 %; and total protein, by 21.7 and 10.6 %, respectively, compared with those of unshaded plants. Conversely, the ratios of glutenin/gliadin, ω-/(α,β + γ)-gliadin, and high-molecular-weight/low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits decreased with shading. Strong-gluten cultivars exhibited smaller declines in these parameters than weak-gluten cultivars. Secondary structure analysis of the wheat protein revealed that shading increased β-sheet content but decreased β-turn content. Changes in protein components and their secondary structures caused an increase in wet gluten content, dough development time, and gluten performance index, thereby decreasing the biscuit spread ratio. Shading stress increased the protein content and nutrition index but decreased the biological value of protein by 2.5 %. Transcriptomic results revealed that shading induced 139 differentially expressed genes that decreased carbohydrate metabolism and increased amino acid metabolism, involved in increased protein content. Thus, canopy shading improves dough performance and nutrition index by regulating the amino acid profiles, protein compositions, and secondary structures. The study provides key insights for achieving superior grain quality under global dimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiarong Zhao
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongkui Chen
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiulan Huang
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Gaoqiong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Ministry of Science and Technology, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology & Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China; Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Moradi L, Siosemardeh A. Combination of seed priming and nutrient foliar application improved physiological attributes, grain yield, and biofortification of rainfed wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1287677. [PMID: 38023831 PMCID: PMC10644532 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1287677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Seed priming and foliar application are two crop management practices that can increase grain yield and quality. The research aimed to assess the influence of seed priming and foliar application on rainfed wheat. Two field experiments with two seed priming rates (control and priming) and five foliar applications [control, urea (4%), silicon (4 mM), FeSO4.7H2O (0.6%), and ZnSO4.7H2O (0.4%)] at the anthesis/Z61 stage were conducted. Seeds were primed for 12 h at 25 ± 2°C, by soaking in an aerating solution [urea (20 g L-1) + FeSO4.7H2O (50 ppm) + ZnSO4.7H2O (50 ppm) + silicon (20 mg L-1)]. Seed weight-to-solution volume ratio was 1:5 (kg L-1). A pot experiment was also conducted to examine the effect of priming on root growth. Overall, combined seed priming and foliar application induced a positive impact on physiological traits and attributes. Maximum chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid concentrations (1.58, 0.669, 2.24, and 0.61 mg g-1 FW), membrane stability index (77.31%), superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity (0.174 and 0.375 Unit mg-1 protein), 1,000-grain weight (35.30 g), biological yield, grain yield (8,061 and 2,456 kg ha-1), and minimum malondialdehyde concentration (3.91 µg g-1 FW) were observed in seed priming combination with ZnSO4 foliar application. The highest glycine betaine concentration (6.90 mg g-1 DW) and proline (972.8 µg g-1 FW) were recorded with the co-application of seed priming and foliar urea spraying. Foliar application of ZnSO4, FeSO4, and urea drastically enhanced grain Zn (29.17%), Fe (19.51%), and protein content (increased from 11.14% in control to 12.46% in urea foliar application), respectively. Compared to control, seed priming increased root length, root volume, and dry mass root by 8.95%, 4.31%, and 9.64%, respectively. It is concluded that adequate Zn, Fe, silicon, and N supply through seed priming and foliar applications of these compounds at the terminal stage of rainfed wheat alleviates drought stress and improves GY and biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adel Siosemardeh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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Sharma S, Kumar T, Foulkes MJ, Orford S, Singh AM, Wingen LU, Karnam V, Nair LS, Mandal PK, Griffiths S, Hawkesford MJ, Shewry PR, Bentley AR, Pandey R. Nitrogen uptake and remobilization from pre- and post-anthesis stages contribute towards grain yield and grain protein concentration in wheat grown in limited nitrogen conditions. CABI AGRICULTURE AND BIOSCIENCE 2023; 4:12. [PMID: 38800116 PMCID: PMC11116178 DOI: 10.1186/s43170-023-00153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background In wheat, nitrogen (N) remobilization from vegetative tissues to developing grains largely depends on genetic and environmental factors. The evaluation of genetic potential of crops under limited resource inputs such as limited N supply would provide an opportunity to identify N-efficient lines with improved N utilisation efficiency and yield potential. We assessed the genetic variation in wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) for uptake, partitioning, and remobilization of N towards grain, its association with grain protein concentration (GPC) and grain yield. Methods We used the nested association mapping (NAM) population (195 lines) derived by crossing Paragon (P) with CIMMYT core germplasm (P × Cim), Baj (P × Baj), Watkins (P × Wat), and Wyalkatchem (P × Wya). These lines were evaluated in the field for two seasons under limited N supply. The plant sampling was done at anthesis and physiological maturity stages. Various physiological traits were recorded and total N uptake and other N related indices were calculated. The grain protein deviation (GPD) was calculated from the regression of grain yield on GPC. These lines were grouped into different clusters by hierarchical cluster analysis based on grain yield and N-remobilization efficiency (NRE). Results The genetic variation in accumulation of biomass at both pre- and post-anthesis stages were correlated with grain-yield. The NRE significantly correlated with aboveground N uptake at anthesis (AGNa) and grain yield but negatively associated with AGN at post-anthesis (AGNpa) suggesting higher N uptake till anthesis favours high N remobilization during grain filling. Hierarchical cluster analysis of these RILs based on NRE and yield resulted in four clusters, efficient (31), moderately efficient (59), moderately inefficient (58), and inefficient (47). In the N-efficient lines, AGNa contributed to 77% of total N accumulated in grains, while it was 63% in N-inefficient lines. Several N-efficient lines also exhibited positive grain protein deviation (GPD), combining high grain yield and GPC. Among crosses, the P × Cim were superior and N-efficient, while P × Wya responded poorly to low N input. Conclusions We propose that traits favouring pre- or post-anthesis biomass accumulation and pre-anthesis N uptake may be targeted for breeding to improve grain-yield under limited N. The lines with positive GPD, a first report of genotype-dependent GPD associated with both AGNpa and AGNa in wheat, may be used as varieties or genetic resources to improve grain yield with high GPC for sustainable development under limited N conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43170-023-00153-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - M. John Foulkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Simon Orford
- Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Anju Mahendru Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Luzie U. Wingen
- Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Venkatesh Karnam
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - Lekshmy S. Nair
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- National Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Simon Griffiths
- Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | | | - Peter R. Shewry
- Plant Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ UK
| | - Alison R. Bentley
- National Institute for Agricultural Botany, Cambridge, CB3 0LE UK
- Present Address: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batán, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012 India
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Jin Y, Li D, Liu M, Cui Z, Sun D, Li C, Zhang A, Cao H, Ruan Y. Genome-Wide Association Study Identified Novel SNPs Associated with Chlorophyll Content in Maize. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051010. [PMID: 37239370 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophyll is an essential component that captures light energy to drive photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content can affect photosynthetic activity and thus yield. Therefore, mining candidate genes of chlorophyll content will help increase maize production. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on chlorophyll content and its dynamic changes in 378 maize inbred lines with extensive natural variation. Our phenotypic assessment showed that chlorophyll content and its dynamic changes were natural variations with a moderate genetic level of 0.66/0.67. A total of 19 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found associated with 76 candidate genes, of which one SNP, 2376873-7-G, co-localized in chlorophyll content and area under the chlorophyll content curve (AUCCC). Zm00001d026568 and Zm00001d026569 were highly associated with SNP 2376873-7-G and encoded pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein and chloroplastic palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase, respectively. As expected, higher expression levels of these two genes are associated with higher chlorophyll contents. These results provide a certain experimental basis for discovering the candidate genes of chlorophyll content and finally provide new insights for cultivating high-yield and excellent maize suitable for planting environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Jin
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhenhai Cui
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Daqiu Sun
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Cong Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Huiying Cao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yanye Ruan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Liaoning Province Research Center of Plant Genetic Engineering Technology, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang 110866, China
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Wadood SA, Jiang Y, Nie J, Li C, Rogers KM, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Yuan Y. Effects of Light Shading, Fertilization, and Cultivar Type on the Stable Isotope Distribution of Hybrid Rice. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091832. [PMID: 37174370 PMCID: PMC10178473 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of fertilizer supply and light intensity on the distribution of elemental contents (%C and %N) and light stable isotopes (C, N, H, and O) in different rice fractions (rice husk, brown rice, and polished rice) of two hybrid rice cultivars (maintainer lines You-1B and Zhong-9B) were investigated. Significant variations were observed for δ13C (-31.3 to -28.3‱), δ15N (2.4 to 2.7‱), δ2H (-125.7 to -84.7‱), and δ18O (15.1‱ to 23.7‱) values in different rice fractions among different cultivars. Fertilizer treatments showed a strong association with %N, δ15N, δ2H, and δ18O values while it did not impart any significant variation for the %C and δ13C values. Light intensity levels also showed a significant influence on the isotopic values of different rice fractions. The δ13C values showed a positive correlation with irradiance. The δ2H and δ15N values decreased with an increase in the irradiance. The light intensity levels did not show any significant change for δ18O values in rice fractions. Multivariate ANOVA showed a significant interaction effect of different factors (light intensity, fertilizer concentration, and rice variety) on the isotopic composition of rice fractions. It is concluded that all environmental and cultivation factors mentioned above significantly influenced the isotopic values and should be considered when addressing the authenticity and origin of rice. Furthermore, care should be taken when selecting rice fractions for traceability and authenticity studies since isotopic signatures vary considerably among different rice fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Abdul Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Home Economics Lahore, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Yunzhu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Karyne M Rogers
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Hangzhou 310021, China
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10
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Yan F, Yu Z, Shi Y. Optimized border irrigation delays winter wheat flag leaf senescence and promotes grain filling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1051323. [PMID: 36860896 PMCID: PMC9968879 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1051323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Border irrigation is still the main irrigation method in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China (HPC), and the suitable irrigation border length for water saving and high yield under traditional irrigation is still unclear. Therefore, a 2-year traditional border irrigation experiment (2017-2019) was conducted on the HPC. Four border lengths were tested: 20 m (L20), 30 m (L30), 40 m (L40), and 50 m (L50). These treatments were given supplementary irrigation at jointing and anthesis. An exclusively rainfed condition formed the control treatment. Compared with other treatments, the activities of superoxide dismutase antioxidant and sucrose phosphate synthetase, and the contents of sucrose and soluble proteins after anthesis were higher in the L40 and L50 treatments, while the content of malondialdehyde content was lower. Therefore, the L40 treatment effectively delayed the decrease in the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, promoted grain filling, and achieved the highest thousand-grain weight. Compared with the L40 treatment, the grain yields of the L20 and L30 treatment were significantly reduced, while the water productivity of the L50 treatment was significantly reduced. These findings suggest that 40 m was the optimal border length for both high yield and water saving in this experiment. This study provides a simple and low-cost water-saving irrigation method for winter wheat in the HPC under traditional irrigation, which can help alleviate the pressure of agricultural water use.
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11
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Nehe A, Martinsson UD, Johansson E, Chawade A. Genotype and environment interaction study shows fungal diseases and heat stress are detrimental to spring wheat production in Sweden. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285565. [PMID: 37163567 PMCID: PMC10171613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spring wheat is an economically important crop for Scandinavia and its cultivation is likely to be affected by climate change. The current study focused on wheat yield in recent years, during which climate change-related yield fluctuations have been more pronounced than previously observed. Here, effects of the environment, together with the genotype and fungicide treatment was evaluated. Spring wheat multi-location trials conducted at five locations between 2016 and 2020 were used to understand effects of the climate and fungicides on wheat yield. The results showed that the environment has a strong effect on grain yield, followed by the genotype effect. Moreover, temperature has a stronger (negative) impact than rainfall on grain yield and crop growing duration. Despite a low rainfall in the South compared to the North, the southern production region (PR) 2 had the highest yield performance, indicating the optimal environment for spring wheat production. The fungicide treatment effect was significant in 2016, 2017 and 2020. Overall, yield reduction due to fungal diseases ranged from 0.98 (2018) to 13.3% (2017) and this reduction was higher with a higher yield. Overall yield reduction due to fungal diseases was greater in the South (8.9%) than the North zone (5.3%). The genotypes with higher tolerance to diseases included G4 (KWS Alderon), G14 (WPB 09SW025-11), and G23 (SW 11360) in 2016; G24 (SW 11360), G25 (Millie), and G19 (SEC 526-07-2) in 2017; and G19 (WPB 13SW976-01), G12 (Levels), and G18 (SW 141011) in 2020. The combined best performing genotypes for disease tolerance and stable and higher yield in different locations were KWS Alderon, SEC 526-07-2, and WPB 13SW976-01 with fungicide treatment and WPB Avonmore, SEC 526-07-2, SW 131323 without fungicide treatment. We conclude that the best performing genotypes could be recommended for Scandinavian climatic conditions with or without fungicide application and that developing heat-tolerant varieties for Scandinavian countries should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Nehe
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Johansson
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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12
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Slafer GA, Foulkes MJ, Reynolds MP, Murchie EH, Carmo-Silva E, Flavell R, Gwyn J, Sawkins M, Griffiths S. A 'wiring diagram' for sink strength traits impacting wheat yield potential. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:40-71. [PMID: 36334052 PMCID: PMC9786893 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Identifying traits for improving sink strength is a bottleneck to increasing wheat yield. The interacting processes determining sink strength and yield potential are reviewed and visualized in a set of 'wiring diagrams', covering critical phases of development (and summarizing known underlying genetics). Using this framework, we reviewed and assembled the main traits determining sink strength and identified research gaps and potential hypotheses to be tested for achieving gains in sink strength. In pre-anthesis, grain number could be increased through: (i) enhanced spike growth associated with optimized floret development and/or a reduction in specific stem-internode lengths and (ii) improved fruiting efficiency through an accelerated rate of floret development, improved partitioning between spikes, or optimized spike cytokinin levels. In post-anthesis, grain, sink strength could be augmented through manipulation of grain size potential via ovary size and/or endosperm cell division and expansion. Prospects for improving spike vascular architecture to support all rapidly growing florets, enabling the improved flow of assimilate, are also discussed. Finally, we considered the prospects for enhancing grain weight realization in relation to genetic variation in stay-green traits as well as stem carbohydrate remobilization. The wiring diagrams provide a potential workspace for breeders and crop scientists to achieve yield gains in wheat and other field crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew P Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mexico, El Batan, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Erik H Murchie
- Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | - Richard Flavell
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jeff Gwyn
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mark Sawkins
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Simon Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Ln, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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13
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Sheng K, Xu L, Wang M, Lei H, Duan A. The end-use quality of wheat can be enhanced by optimal water management without incurring yield loss. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030763. [PMID: 36438148 PMCID: PMC9684672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In China, water-saving irrigation is playing important roles in ensuring food security, and improving wheat quality. A barrel experiment was conducted with three winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and two irrigation pattens to examine the effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on wheat grain yield, water-use efficiency (WUE), and grain quality. In order to accurately control the soil water content, wheat was planted in the iron barrels set under a rainproof shelter, and the soil water content in the iron barrel was controlled by gravity method. The mechanisms whereby water management influences the end-use functional properties of wheat grain were also investigated. The results revealed that RDI improved the end-use functional properties of wheat and WUE, without significant yield loss (less than 3%). Moderate water deficit (60% to 65% field capacity) before jointing and during the late grain-filling stage combined with a slight water deficit (65% to 70% field capacity) from jointing to booting increased grain quality and WUE. The observed non-significant reduction in wheat yield associated with RDI may be attributed to higher rate of photosynthesis during the early stage of grain development and higher rate of transfer of carbohydrates from vegetative organs to grains during the later stage. By triggering an earlier rapid transfer of nitrogen deposited in vegetative organs, RDI enhances grain nitrogen content, which in turn could enhance dough elasticity, given the positive correlation between grain nitrogen content and dough midline peak value. Our results also indicate that the effects of RDI on grain quality are genotype dependent. Therefore, the grain end-use quality of some specific wheat genotypes may be enhanced without incurring yield loss by an optimal water management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Sheng
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Heng Lei
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Aiwang Duan
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
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14
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Wang H, Ma Q, Shan F, Tian L, Gong J, Quan W, Yang W, Hou Q, Zhang F, Zhang S. Transcriptional regulation mechanism of wheat varieties with different nitrogen use efficiencies in response to nitrogen deficiency stress. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:727. [PMID: 36289540 PMCID: PMC9597979 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the microelements, nitrogen play essential roles in cereal production. Although the use of chemical fertilizers has significantly improved the yield of wheat, it has also caused increasingly adverse environmental pollution. Revealing the molecular mechanism manipulating wheat nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and cultivating wheat germplasms with high nitrogen use efficiency has become important goals for wheat researchers. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptional differences of three wheat cultivars with different NUE under low nitrogen stress. Results The results showed that, under low nitrogen conditions, the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes (GS, NR, GDH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and soluble protein contents of ZM366 (high NUE cultivar) were higher than those of JD8 (low NUE cultivar). The hybrid cultivar of ZM366 and JD8 showed mid-parent or over-parent heterosis. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ‘alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism’, ‘terpenoid backbone biosynthesis’ and ‘vitamin B6 metabolism’ pathways play key roles in nitrogen use efficiency in wheat. The significant enhancement of the ‘Calvin cycle’ and ‘photorespiration’ in ZM366 contributed to its higher level of carbon metabolism under low nitrogen stress, which is an important attribute differs from the other two varieties. In addition, the activation of ABA signal transduction and biosynthesis pathways also helps to maintain NUE under low- nitrogen conditions. Moreover, bHLH transcription factors were also found to play a positive role in wheat NUE. Conclusions In conclusion, these results enriched our knowledge of the mechanism of wheat NUE, and provided a theoretical basis for improving wheat NUE and breeding new cultivars. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08948-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxia Wang
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Qiaoyun Ma
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Fuhua Shan
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Liping Tian
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Jie Gong
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Wei Quan
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Weibing Yang
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Qiling Hou
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Fengting Zhang
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Shengquan Zhang
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, 100097 China ,The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing, 100097 China
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15
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Liu Z, Liu D, Fu X, Du X, Zhang Y, Zhen W, Li S, Yang H, He S, Li R. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed the regulatory mechanism of sulfur application in grain yield and protein content in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:935516. [PMID: 36186031 PMCID: PMC9523790 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.935516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur fertilizers play an important role in increasing the yield and improving the dough quality of bread wheat, but their regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, 0 kg·ha-1 (S0) and 60 kg·ha-1 (S60) of sulfur were applied on the anthesis date; subsequently, immature wheat grains at 8, 13, and 18 days post-anthesis (DPA) were subjected to integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to investigate the changes in the gene/metabolite activity in a typical strong-gluten wheat, Gaoyou2018 (GY2018). Our data show that the S60 treatment could significantly increase the grain yield and grain protein content by 13.2 and 3.6%, respectively. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that 10,694 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were induced by S60 from 8 to 18 DPA when compared with their corresponding no-sulfur controls, and most DEGs were mainly involved in lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways. Ninety-seven MYB transcription factors (TFs) were identified as responsive to the S60 treatment; of these, 66 showed significantly differential expression at 13 DPA, and MYB118 might participate in the process of sulfur metabolism by regulating glucosinolate synthesis. In total, 542 significantly enriched differentially expressed (DE) metabolites (DEMs) were identified following the S60 treatment, which mainly included secondary metabolites, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Several metabolites (e.g., glutathione, sucrose, GDP-alpha-D-glucose, and amino acids) exhibited altered abundances following the S60 treatment. The combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses highlighted the important role of amino acid metabolism (especially cysteine, methionine, and glutathione metabolism) and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways after S60 application. Our results provide valuable information enhancing our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the response to sulfur and provide useful clues for grain protein quality formation and yield improvement in bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Wheat Breeding Center, Gaocheng Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fu
- Wheat Research Center, Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiong Du
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuechen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wenchao Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Haichuan Yang
- Wheat Breeding Center, Gaocheng Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suqin He
- Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Gaocheng Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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16
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Liu Q, Chen W, Gao H, Sun Z, Wang Y, Li H. Nutrient budgets drive the changes in shoot N and P concentrations of plants in Inner Mongolia's grasslands over the past 40 years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156374. [PMID: 35654192 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The nutrient budgets of grassland ecosystems have been extensively disturbed by human activity. The aims of this study were to quantify nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) budgets, and evaluate their contributions to changes in shoot nutrient concentrations of dominant plants in Inner Mongolia's grasslands over the past 40 years. N and P budgets were assessed using a nutrient budget model based on flowing intensity of nutrients in and out of the grassland. Meta-analysis was then conducted to quantify changes in shoot nutrient concentrations. The N budget remained positive and continued to increase throughout the study period, while enhanced N deposition and increased supplementary feeding dominated N input (76% of the total in 2017). In contrast, the P budget was negative until 2003, and became positive thereafter. The P input was mainly attributed to supplementary feeding (88% of the total in 2017). The mean shoot N concentration in 1979-1986 was 2.25%, while an increase to 2.53% was observed in 2006-2016. In contrast, the mean shoot P concentration was 0.17% in 1979-1991, subsequently leveling off at 0.17% in 2006-2016. The mean shoot N: P ratio basically remain unchanged over time from 16.72 to 15.85. The N surplus caused major increases in the shoot N concentration of the grassland plants; also, the increased P budget to compensate for past P deficiency resulted in no significant change of shoot P concentrations. Consequently, the grassland system had been in the joint N and P co-limitation over the past 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Zhi Sun
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yalan Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Haigang Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
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17
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Roitsch T, Himanen K, Chawade A, Jaakola L, Nehe A, Alexandersson E. Functional phenomics for improved climate resilience in Nordic agriculture. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5111-5127. [PMID: 35727101 PMCID: PMC9440434 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The five Nordic countries span the most northern region for field cultivation in the world. This presents challenges per se, with short growing seasons, long days, and a need for frost tolerance. Climate change has additionally increased risks for micro-droughts and water logging, as well as pathogens and pests expanding northwards. Thus, Nordic agriculture demands crops that are adapted to the specific Nordic growth conditions and future climate scenarios. A focus on crop varieties and traits important to Nordic agriculture, including the unique resource of nutritious wild crops, can meet these needs. In fact, with a future longer growing season due to climate change, the region could contribute proportionally more to global agricultural production. This also applies to other northern regions, including the Arctic. To address current growth conditions, mitigate impacts of climate change, and meet market demands, the adaptive capacity of crops that both perform well in northern latitudes and are more climate resilient has to be increased, and better crop management systems need to be built. This requires functional phenomics approaches that integrate versatile high-throughput phenotyping, physiology, and bioinformatics. This review stresses key target traits, the opportunities of latitudinal studies, and infrastructure needs for phenotyping to support Nordic agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Roitsch
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kristiina Himanen
- National Plant Phenotyping Infrastructure, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Ajit Nehe
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
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18
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Yan P, Dong X, Lu L, Fang M, Ma Z, Du J, Dong Z. Wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency enhancement through poly(aspartic acid)-coated urea in clay loam soil based on a 5-year field trial. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953728. [PMID: 36110363 PMCID: PMC9468765 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The innovation of N fertilizer and N management practices is essential to maximize crop yield with fewer N inputs. A long-term field fertilization experiment was established in 2015 on the North China Plain (NCP) to determine the effects of a control treatment (CN) and the eco-friendly material poly(aspartic acid)-coated urea (PN), applied as a one-time basal application method, on winter wheat yield and N use efficiency at four N application rates: 0 (N0), 63 (N63), 125 (N125), and 188 (N188) kg N ha-1. The results indicated that compared to CN, PN resulted in a significant increase in wheat yield by 9.6% and 9.2% at N63 and N125, respectively, across the three experimental years, whereas no significant (p < 0.05) difference was detected at N188. Leaf area duration (LAD), crop growth rate (CGR), and dry matter accumulation (DMA) increased with increasing N rates, while PN significantly increased LAD and CGR by 5.1%-16.4% and 5.4%-64.3%, respectively, during the anthesis-ripening growth stage and DMA by 13.7% and 10.1% at N63 and N125, respectively, after the anthesis stage compared to CN. During the grain-filling stage, PN significantly increased the kernel maximum grain-filling rate (Gmax) by 21.7% and the kernel weight at the maximum grain-filling rate (Wmax) by 6.7% at N125 compared to CN. Additionally, compared to CN, PN significantly improved the stover and grain N content at harvest and increased NUT, NPFP, and NAE by 5.7%-40.1%, 2.5%-23.3%, and 3.9%-42.8%, respectively, at N63-N125. Therefore, PN applied using a single basal nitrogen fertilizer application method showed promising potential in maintaining a stable wheat yield and increasing N use efficiency with a 33% urea cut (approximately 63 kg N ha-1) compared to CN at the current wheat yield level on the NCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuerui Dong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Fang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengbo Ma
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Du
- Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Dong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang X, Hua Y, Liu Y, He M, Ju Z, Dai X. Wide belt sowing improves the grain yield of bread wheat by maintaining grain weight at the backdrop of increases in spike number. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992772. [PMID: 36061798 PMCID: PMC9433909 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the seeding belt width from 2 to 3 cm (conventional drilling sowing, CD) to 8-10 cm (wide belt sowing, WB) can markedly improve the grain yield of bread wheat. However, there are insufficient data to explain how WB affects dry matter (DM) remobilization, pre- and post-anthesis production, and ultimately grain weight and grain yield. In the present study, four bread wheat cultivars (Jimai44, Taishan27, Gaoyou5766, and Zhouyuan9369) with similar phenology characteristic were selected as experimental materials and two sowing patterns (CD and WB) were applied during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons, to investigate the effects of sowing pattern on grain yield and its components of bread wheat. The results showed that WB increased the post-anthesis rate of canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) in comparison with CD, by 19.73-133.68%, across the two seasons and four bread wheat cultivars. Furthermore, WB significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, and decreased the malondialdehyde content of the flag and penultimate leaf, thereby extending the duration of the high-value CAP period by 1.95-2.51 days. The improved rate and duration of CAP in WB led to an increase in post-anthesis DM production of 13.33-23.58%, thus ensuring DM distribution to the grain of each bread wheat cultivar. Consequently, in WB, the grain weight was maintained, the grain yield was increased markedly by 9.65-15.80%, at the backdrop of increases in spike number and in turn grain number per unit area. In summary, WB could be applied widely to obtain a high yield of bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural of Affairs, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yifan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural of Affairs, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yunjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural of Affairs, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Mingrong He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural of Affairs, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhengchun Ju
- Shandong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan, China
| | - Xinglong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural of Affairs, Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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20
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Geyer M, Mohler V, Hartl L. Genetics of the Inverse Relationship between Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content in Common Wheat. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162146. [PMID: 36015449 PMCID: PMC9413592 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Grain protein content (GPC) is one of the most important criteria to determine the quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). One of the major obstacles for bread wheat production is the negative correlation between GPC and grain yield (GY). Previous studies demonstrated that the deviation from this inverse relationship is highly heritable. However, little is known about the genetics controlling these deviations in common wheat. To fill this gap, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for GY, GPC, and four derived GY-GPC indices using an eight-way multiparent advanced generation intercross population comprising 394 lines. Interval mapping was conducted using phenotypic data from up to nine environments and genotypic data from a 20k single-nucleotide polymorphism array. The four indices were highly heritable (0.76–0.88) and showed distinct correlations to GY and GPC. Interval mapping revealed that GY, GPC, and GY-GPC indices were controlled by 6, 12, and 12 unique QTL, of which each explained only a small amount of phenotypic variance (R2 ≤ 10%). Ten of the 12 index QTL were independent of loci affecting GY and GPC. QTL regions harboured several candidate genes, including Rht-1, WAPO-A1, TaTEF-7A, and NRT2.6-7A. The study confirmed the usefulness of indices to mitigate the inverse GY-GPC relationship in breeding, though the selection method should reflect their polygenic inheritance.
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21
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Wang Q, Noor H, Sun M, Ren A, Feng Y, Qiao P, Zhang J, Gao Z. Wide space sowing achieved high productivity and effective nitrogen use of irrigated wheat in South Shanxi, China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13727. [PMID: 35846882 PMCID: PMC9281599 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple crop worldwide, and its yield has improved since the green revolution, which was attributed to chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer application. However, regular N application decreases N use efficiency (NUE, the ratio of grain dry matter yield to N supply from soil and fertilizer). Various practices have been implemented to maintain high crop yield and improve NUE. Nowadays, the enhanced sowing method, i.e., wide space sowing (WS), has improved the productivity of wheat crops. However, how the sowing method and N application rate affect N use and yield productivity has not been fully elucidated. Field experiments with treatments using two sowing methods (WS, and drill sowing, DS) and four N application rates (0, 180, 240, and 300 kg ha-1, represented as N0, N180, N240, and N300, respectively) were conducted from 2017 to 2019. The results showed that grain yield under WS was 13.57-16.38% higher than that under DS. The yield advantage under WS was attributed to an increased ear number. Both the higher stem and productive stem percentage accounted for the increased ear number under WS. Higher total N quantity and larger leaf area index at anthesis under WS contributed to higher dry matter production, resulting in higher grain yield. Higher dry matter production was due to pre-anthesis dry weight and post-anthesis dry weight. The wheat crop under WS had a 12.44-15.00% higher NUE than that under DS. The increased NUE under WS was attributed to higher N uptake efficiency (the ratio of total N quantity at maturity to N supply from soil and fertilizer), which was the result of greater total N quantity. The higher total N quantity under WS was due to both higher pre-anthesis N uptake and post-anthesis N uptake. Remarkably, compared to DS with 240 kg N ha-1, WS with 180 kg N ha-1 had almost equal grain yield, dry matter, and total N quantity. Therefore, wheat crops under WS could achieve both high NUE and grain yield simultaneously with only moderate N fertilizer in South Shanxi, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hafeez Noor
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Sun
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Aixia Ren
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Feng
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Peng Qiao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China,State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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22
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Yin X, Gu J, Dingkuhn M, Struik PC. A model-guided holistic review of exploiting natural variation of photosynthesis traits in crop improvement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:3173-3188. [PMID: 35323898 PMCID: PMC9126731 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for improved leaf photosynthesis is considered as a viable approach to increase crop yield. Whether it should be improved in combination with other traits has not been assessed critically. Based on the quantitative crop model GECROS that interconnects various traits to crop productivity, we review natural variation in relevant traits, from biochemical aspects of leaf photosynthesis to morpho-physiological crop characteristics. While large phenotypic variations (sometimes >2-fold) for leaf photosynthesis and its underlying biochemical parameters were reported, few quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified, accounting for a small percentage of phenotypic variation. More QTL were reported for sink size (that feeds back on photosynthesis) or morpho-physiological traits (that affect canopy productivity and duration), together explaining a much greater percentage of their phenotypic variation. Traits for both photosynthetic rate and sustaining it during grain filling were strongly related to nitrogen-related traits. Much of the molecular basis of known photosynthesis QTL thus resides in genes controlling photosynthesis indirectly. Simulation using GECROS demonstrated the overwhelming importance of electron transport parameters, compared with the maximum Rubisco activity that largely determines the commonly studied light-saturated photosynthetic rate. Exploiting photosynthetic natural variation might significantly improve crop yield if nitrogen uptake, sink capacity, and other morpho-physiological traits are co-selected synergistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyou Yin
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Junfei Gu
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | | | - Paul C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Jaenisch BR, Munaro LB, Jagadish SVK, Lollato RP. Modulation of Wheat Yield Components in Response to Management Intensification to Reduce Yield Gaps. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:772232. [PMID: 35586210 PMCID: PMC9108894 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.772232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate genotype selection and management can impact wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in dryland environments, but their impact on yield components and their role in yield modulation are not well understood. Our objectives were to evaluate the yield response of commercial winter wheat genotypes to different management practices reflecting a stepwise increase in management intensity (including a reduction in crop density under high input), and to quantify how the different yield components modulate wheat yield. A factorial experiment evaluated six management (M) intensities ["farmer practice" (FP), "enhanced fertility" (EF), "ecological intensification" (EI), "increased foliar protection" (IFP), "water-limited yield" (Yw), and "increased plant productivity" (IPP)] and four winter wheat genotypes (G) in four Kansas environments (E). Average grain yield was 4.9 Mg ha-1 and ranged from 2.0 to 7.4 Mg ha-1, with significant two-way interactions (E × M and E × G). The EF usually maximized yields in dry environments, while EI, which consisted of EF plus one fungicide application, maximized yields in environments with greater water availability. Across all sources of variation, kernels m-2 and aboveground biomass were the strongest modulators of yield as compared to kernel weight and harvest index, while spikes m-2 and kernels spike-1 modulated yields at a similar magnitude. Foliar fungicides improved yield through increased green canopy cover duration and greater radiation intercepted during grain filling. When crop density was reduced from 2.7 to 1.1 million plants per hectare in an otherwise high-input system, plants produced more productive tillers (with genotype-specific response); however, reduced green canopy cover at anthesis and reduced cumulative solar radiation intercepted during grain filling limited wheat yield-although large differences in canopy cover or intercepted radiation were needed to cause modest changes in yield. Treatments more intensive than EI were not warranted as EF or EI maximized yields at all environments, and practices that promote biomass and kernels m-2 are to be targeted for future increases in wheat yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent R Jaenisch
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Lucas B Munaro
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | | | - Romulo P Lollato
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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24
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Nehe A, King J, King IP, Murchie EH, Foulkes MJ. Identifying variation for N-use efficiency and associated traits in amphidiploids derived from hybrids of bread wheat and the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum and Triticum. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266924. [PMID: 35427365 PMCID: PMC9012389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Future genetic progress in wheat grain yield will depend on increasing biomass and this must be achieved without commensurate increases in nitrogen (N) fertilizer inputs to minimize environmental impacts. In recent decades there has been a loss of genetic diversity in wheat through plant breeding. However, new genetic diversity can be created by incorporating genes into bread wheat from wild wheat relatives. Our objectives were to investigate amphidiploids derived from hybrids of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and related species from the genera Aegilops, Secale, Thinopyrum and Triticum for expression of higher biomass, N-use efficiency (NUE) and leaf photosynthesis rate compared to their bread wheat parents under high and low N conditions. Eighteen amphidiploid lines and their bread wheat parents were examined in high N (HN) and low N (LN) treatments under glasshouse conditions in two years. Averaged across years, grain yield reduced by 38% under LN compared to HN conditions (P = 0.004). Three amphidiploid lines showed positive transgressive segregation compared to their bread wheat parent for biomass per plant under HN conditions. Positive transgressive segregation was also identified for flag-leaf photosynthesis both pre-anthesis and post-anthesis under HN and LN conditions. For N uptake per plant at maturity positive transgressive segregation was identified for one amphidiploid line under LN conditions. Our results indicated that introgressing traits from wild relatives into modern bread wheat germplasm offers scope to raise biomass and N-use effciency in both optimal and low N availability environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Nehe
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Julie King
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. King
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Erik H. Murchie
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - M. John Foulkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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25
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Effah Z, Li L, Xie J, Karikari B, Wang J, Zeng M, Wang L, Boamah S, Padma Shanthi J. Post-anthesis Relationships Between Nitrogen Isotope Discrimination and Yield of Spring Wheat Under Different Nitrogen Levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:859655. [PMID: 35371181 PMCID: PMC8971053 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.859655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat grain yield and nitrogen (N) content are influenced by the amount of N remobilized to the grain, together with pre-anthesis and post-anthesis N uptake. Isotopic techniques in farmed areas may provide insight into the mechanism underlying the N cycle. 15N-labeled urea was applied to microplots within five different fertilized treatments 0 kg ha-1 (N1), 52.5 kg ha-1 (N2), 105 kg ha-1 (N3), 157.5 kg ha-1 (N4), and 210 kg ha-1 (N5) of a long-term field trial (2003-2021) in a rainfed wheat field in the semi-arid loess Plateau, China, to determine post-anthesis N uptake and remobilization into the grain, as well as the variability of 15N enrichment in aboveground parts. Total N uptake was between 7.88 and 29.27 kg ha-1 for straw and 41.85 and 95.27 kg ha-1 for grain. In comparison to N1, N fertilization increased straw and grain N uptake by 73.1 and 56.1%, respectively. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and harvest index were altered by N application rates. The average NUE at maturity was 19.9% in 2020 and 20.01% in 2021; however, it was usually higher under the control and low N conditions. The amount of 15N excess increased as the N rate increased: N5 had the highest 15N excess at the maturity stage in the upper (2.28 ± 0.36%), the middle (1.77 ± 0.28%), and the lower portion (1.68 ± 1.01%). Compared to N1, N fertilization (N2-N5) increased 15N excess in the various shoot portions by 50, 38, and 35% at maturity for upper, middle, and lower portions, respectively. At maturity, the 15N excess remobilized to the grain under N1-N5 was between 5 and 8%. Our findings revealed that N had a significant impact on yield and N isotope discrimination in spring wheat that these two parameters can interact, and that future research on the relationship between yield and N isotope discrimination in spring wheat should take these factors into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechariah Effah
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Ghana
| | - Lingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Benjamin Karikari
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Consumer Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Jinbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Solomon Boamah
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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26
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Teng W, He X, Tong Y. Genetic Control of Efficient Nitrogen Use for High Yield and Grain Protein Concentration in Wheat: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040492. [PMID: 35214826 PMCID: PMC8878021 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global population and the negative effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on the environment challenge wheat breeding to maximize yield potential and grain protein concentration (GPC) in an economically and environmentally friendly manner. Understanding the molecular mechanisms for the response of yield components to N availability and assimilates allocation to grains provides the opportunity to increase wheat yield and GPC simultaneously. This review summarized quantitative trait loci/genes which can increase spikes and grain number by enhancing N uptake and assimilation at relative early growth stage, and 1000-grain weight and GPC by increasing post-anthesis N uptake and N allocation to grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Teng
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Xue He
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
| | - Yiping Tong
- The State Key Laboratory for Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (W.T.); (X.H.)
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-64806556
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27
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Zheng X, Yu Z, Shi Y, Liang P. Differences in Water Consumption of Wheat Varieties Are Affected by Root Morphology Characteristics and Post-anthesis Root Senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:814658. [PMID: 35173753 PMCID: PMC8841790 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.814658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selecting high-yielding wheat varieties for cultivation can effectively increase water use efficiency (WUE) in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, where is threatened by increasing water shortages. To further identify the difference in water use and its relationship with root morphology and senescence characteristics, wheat varieties with different yield potentials-Yannong 1212 (YN), Jimai 22 (JM), and Liangxing 99 (LX)-were studied in a high-yielding wheat field. The water consumption percentage (CP) in YN decreased from planting to anthesis; however, crop evapotranspiration and CP increased from anthesis to maturity compared with JM and LX. In YN, a higher soil water consumption from anthesis to maturity in the 0-100 cm soil layer was partly attributed to the greater root weight density in the 20-60 cm soil layer. In topsoil (0-40 cm), root length density, root surface area density, and root diameter at 20 days after anthesis, root superoxide dismutase activity, and root triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction activity during mid grain filling stage were higher in YN than in JM and LX. YN had the highest grain yields of 9,840 and 11,462 kg ha-1 and increased grain yield and WUE by 12.0 and 8.4%, respectively, as compared with JM, and by 30.3 and 21.3%, respectively, as compared with LX. Ensuring more soil water extraction post-anthesis by increasing roots in the 20-60 cm soil profile, improving root morphology traits, and alleviating root senescence in the topsoil during mid-grain filling stage will assist in selecting wheat varieties with high yield and WUE.
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28
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Jung JG, Song KE, Hong SH, Shim SI. Hyperspectral Characteristics of an Individual Leaf of Wheat Grown under Nitrogen Gradient. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112291. [PMID: 34834653 PMCID: PMC8626060 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the application of hyperspectral technology to agriculture, many scientists have been conducting studies to apply the technology in crop diagnosis. However, due to the properties of optical devices, the reflectances obtained according to the image acquisition conditions are different. Nevertheless, there is no optimized method for minimizing such technical errors in applying hyperspectral imaging. Therefore, this study was conducted to find the appropriate image acquisition conditions that reflect the growth status of wheat grown under different nitrogen fertilization regimes. The experiment plots were comprised of six plots with various N application levels of 145.6 kg N ha-1 (N1), 109.2 kg N ha-1 (N2), 91.0 kg N ha-1 (N3), 72.8 kg N ha-1 (N4), 54.6 kg N ha-1 (N5), and 36.4 kg N ha-1 (N6). Hyperspectral image acquisitions were performed at different shooting angles of 105° and 125° from the surface, and spike, flag leaf, and the second uppermost leaf were divided into five parts from apex to base when analyzing the images. The growth analysis conducted at heading showed that the N6 was 85.6% in the plant height, 44.1% in LAI, and 64.9% in SPAD as compared to N1. The nitrogen content in the leaf decreased by 55.2% compared to N1 and the quantity was 44.9% in N6 compared to N1. Based on the vegetation indices obtained from hyperspectral reflectances at the heading stage, the spike was not suitable for analysis. In the case of the flag leaf and the 2nd uppermost leaf, the vegetation indices from spectral data taken at 105 degrees were more appropriate for acquiring imaging data by clearly dividing the effects of fertilization level. The results of the regional variation in a leaf showed that the region of interest (ROI), which is close to the apex of the flag leaf and the base of the second uppermost leaf, has a high coefficient of determination between the fertilization levels and the vegetation indices, which effectively reflected the status of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gyeong Jung
- Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.G.J.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Ki Eun Song
- Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.G.J.); (K.E.S.)
| | - Sun Hee Hong
- Department of Plant Life Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea;
| | - Sang In Shim
- Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.G.J.); (K.E.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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Li Y, Hou R, Tao F. Wheat morpho-physiological traits and radiation use efficiency under interactive effects of warming and tillage management. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2386-2401. [PMID: 33131082 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactive effects of different warming levels and tillage managements on crop morphological and physiological traits and radiation use efficiency (RUE) is essential for breeding climate-resilient cultivars. Here, we conducted temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) experiments on winter wheat during two growth seasons in the North China Plain. The experiments consisted of three warming treatments and two tillage treatments (CT: conventional tillage and NT: no-tillage). In the normal season, warming had significant positive effects on major morphological and physiological traits and increased significantly RUE of yield (RUEY ) and biomass (RUEDM ) by 13.3 and 11.3%, 19.3 and 12.4%, 42.3 and 43.7%, respectively, under the treatments of CTT1, CTT2 and NTT1 relative to the control (CTN, NTN). By contrast, in the warmer season, warming had negative effects on leaf width, light extinction coefficient, light-saturated net photosynthetic rate, aboveground, stems and spike biomass and RUE from anthesis to maturity, and consequently grain yield under conventional tillage, but positive effects under no-tillage. Our findings bring new insights into the mechanisms on the interactive effects of warming and tillage treatments on wheat growth and productivity; provide valuable information on crop ideotypic traits for breeding climate-resilient crop cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fulu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zhang Z, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Shi Y. Optimized nitrogen fertilizer application strategies under supplementary irrigation improved winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) yield and grain protein yield. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11467. [PMID: 34141470 PMCID: PMC8179224 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exploring suitable split nitrogen management is essential for winter wheat production in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China (HPC) under water-saving irrigation conditions, which can increase grain and protein yields by improving nitrogen translocation, metabolic enzyme activity and grain nitrogen accumulation. Methods Therefore, a 2-year field experiment was conducted to investigate these effects in HPC. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at a constant total rate (240 kg/ha), split between the sowing and at winter wheat jointing growth stage in varying ratios, N1 (0% basal and 100% dressing fertilizer), N2 (30% basal and 70% dressing fertilizer), N3 (50% basal and 50% dressing fertilizer), N4 (70% basal and 30% dressing fertilizer), and N5 (100% basal and 0% dressing fertilizer). Results We found that the N3 treatment significantly increased nitrogen accumulation post-anthesis and nitrogen translocation to grains. In addition, this treatment significantly increased flag leaf free amino acid levels, and nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities, as well as the accumulation rate, active accumulation period, and accumulation of 1000-grain nitrogen. These factors all contributed to high grain nitrogen accumulation. Finally, grain yield increase due to N3 ranging from 5.3% to 15.4% and protein yield from 13.7% to 31.6%. The grain and protein yields were significantly and positively correlated with nitrogen transport parameters, nitrogen metabolic enzyme activity levels, grain nitrogen filling parameters. Conclusions Therefore, the use of split nitrogen fertilizer application at a ratio of 50%:50% basal-topdressing is recommended for supporting high grain protein levels and strong nitrogen translocation, in pursuit of high-quality grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhenwen Yu
- Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | | | - Yu Shi
- Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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31
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Shao Y, Li S, Gao L, Sun C, Hu J, Ullah A, Gao J, Li X, Liu S, Jiang D, Cao W, Tian Z, Dai T. Magnesium Application Promotes Rubisco Activation and Contributes to High-Temperature Stress Alleviation in Wheat During the Grain Filling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:675582. [PMID: 34177993 PMCID: PMC8231710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.675582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Inhibited photosynthesis caused by post-anthesis high-temperature stress (HTS) leads to decreased wheat grain yield. Magnesium (Mg) plays critical roles in photosynthesis; however, its function under HTS during wheat grain filling remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of Mg on the impact of HTS on photosynthesis during wheat grain filling by conducting pot experiments in controlled-climate chambers. Plants were subjected to a day/night temperature cycle of 32°C/22°C for 5 days during post-anthesis; the control temperature was set at 26°C/16°C. Mg was applied at the booting stage, with untreated plants used as a control. HTS reduced the yield and net photosynthetic rate (P n ) of wheat plants. The maximum carboxylation rate (V Cmax ), which is limited by Rubisco activity, decreased earlier than the light-saturated potential electron transport rate. This decrease in V Cmax was caused by decreased Rubisco activation state under HTS. Mg application reduced yield loss by stabilizing P n . Rubisco activation was enhanced by increasing Rubisco activase activity following Mg application, thereby stabilizing P n . We conclude that Mg maintains Rubisco activation, thereby helping to stabilize P n under HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Attiq Ullah
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Sixi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Chengdu Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingbo Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Li W, Zhou X, Yu K, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Hu N, Liu Y, Yao C, Yang X, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Spectroscopic Estimation of N Concentration in Wheat Organs for Assessing N Remobilization Under Different Irrigation Regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:657578. [PMID: 33897747 PMCID: PMC8062884 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) remobilization is a critical process that provides substantial N to winter wheat grains for improving yield productivity. Here, the remobilization of N from anthesis to maturity in two wheat cultivars under three irrigation regimes was measured and its relationship to organ N concentration was examined. Based on spectral data of organ powder samples, partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were calibrated to estimate N concentration (N mass) and validated against laboratory-based measurements. Although spectral reflectance could accurately estimate N mass, the PLSR-based N mass-spectra predictive model was found to be organ-specific, organs at the top canopy (chaff and top three leaves) received the best predictions (R 2 > 0.88). In addition, N remobilization efficiency (NRE) in the top two leaves and top third internode was highly correlated with its corresponding N concentration change (ΔN mass) with an R 2 of 0.90. ΔN mass of the top first internode (TIN1) explained 78% variation of the whole-plant NRE. This study provides a proof of concept for estimating N concentration and assessing N remobilization using hyperspectral data of individual organs, which offers a non-chemical and low-cost approach to screen germplasms for an optimal NRE in drought-resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Yu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Naiyue Hu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Cangzhou, China
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33
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Nehe AS, Foulkes MJ, Ozturk I, Rasheed A, York L, Kefauver SC, Ozdemir F, Morgounov A. Root and canopy traits and adaptability genes explain drought tolerance responses in winter wheat. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0242472. [PMID: 33819270 PMCID: PMC8021186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is one of the three main staple crops worldwide contributing 20% calories in the human diet. Drought stress is the main factor limiting yields and threatening food security, with climate change resulting in more frequent and intense drought. Developing drought-tolerant wheat cultivars is a promising way forward. The use of holistic approaches that include high-throughput phenotyping and genetic markers in selection could help in accelerating genetic gains. Fifty advanced breeding lines were selected from the CIMMYT Turkey winter wheat breeding program and studied under irrigated and semiarid conditions in two years. High-throughput phenotyping was done for wheat crown root traits and canopy senescence dynamics using vegetation indices (green area using RGB images and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index using spectral reflectance). In addition, genotyping by KASP markers for adaptability genes was done. Overall, under semiarid conditions yield reduced by 3.09 t ha-1 (-46.8%) compared to irrigated conditions. Genotypes responded differently under drought stress and genotypes 39 (VORONA/HD24-12//GUN/7/VEE#8//…/8/ALTAY), 18 (BiII98) and 29 (NIKIFOR//KROSHKA) were the most drought tolerant. Root traits including shallow nodal root angle under irrigated conditions and root number per shoot under semiarid conditions were correlated with increased grain yield. RGB based vegetation index measuring canopy green area at anthesis was better correlated with GY than NDVI was with GY under drought. The markers for five established functional genes (PRR73.A1 –flowering time, TEF-7A –grain size and weight, TaCwi.4A - yield under drought, Dreb1- drought tolerance, and ISBW11.GY.QTL.CANDIDATE- grain yield) were associated with different drought-tolerance traits in this experiment. We conclude that–genotypes 39, 18 and 29 could be used for drought tolerance breeding. The trait combinations of canopy green area at anthesis, and root number per shoot along with key drought adaptability makers (TaCwi.4A and Dreb1) could be used in screening drought tolerance wheat breeding lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Nehe
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - M. J. Foulkes
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - I. Ozturk
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara, Turkey
| | - A. Rasheed
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, Beijing, China
| | - L. York
- Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - S. C. Kefauver
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Ozdemir
- Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Research Institute, Konya, Turkey
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Ahmed K, Shabbir G, Ahmed M, Shah KN. Phenotyping for drought resistance in bread wheat using physiological and biochemical traits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 729:139082. [PMID: 32371202 PMCID: PMC7189857 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most prominent limiting factors that negatively affect crop productivity by manipulating its physiological pathway. One hundred twenty diverse bread wheat genotypes were used in a pot experiment to explore the relationship among their fifteen physio-biochemical traits (PBT) by using multivariate analysis, heatmapping and stress tolerance index (STI) for grain yield as a marker trait to identify high yielding genotype with maximum stress tolerance capability. Increased proline and sugar accumulation were observed from control to moisture deficient environments by 159% and 122%, respectively. Moreover, leaf membrane stability index (LMSI), leaf relative water content (LRWC), relative dry weight (RDW), chlorophyll content, leaf surface area (LSA), Leaf succulence (LS), canopy temperature depression (CTD), relative excised leaf water loss (RELWL) and leaf osmotic potential (LOP) showed significantly decreasing trend in drought stress treatment as compared to well-watered plants by -21%, -21%, -34%, -22%, -38%, -37%, -46%, -18% and -35% respectively. Additionally, principal component analysis and genotype by trait biplot analysis showed that initial 7 principal components (PC1 to PC7) represented 77.27% and 79.02% of total cumulative variation under control and drought stress respectively. Genotypic-Phenotypic correlation revealed that most of the attributes were higher in case of genotypic correlation component (rg) as compared to the phenotypic correlation component (rp) indicating more genetic association between traits. The darker and lighter colour scale produced by heatmap exhibited contrasting nature of genotypes, as positive side with higher values represented drought resistance while values on the negative side with lower values showed susceptible performance of genotypes. Our results concluded that the studied PBT associated with STI for grain yield are the main factors which may contribute in improved productivity of wheat crop and if these traits show appropriate performance under stress condition the crop will show the more productive returns under changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Ahmed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Shabbir
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtar Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 90183, Sweden; Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan.
| | - Kausar Nawaz Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
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