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Xu X, Yu Y, Ling M, Ares I, Martínez M, Lopez-Torres B, Maximiliano JE, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity: A comprehensive review of antioxidant mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122694. [PMID: 37802283 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin, also known as cyhalothrin, is an efficient, broad-spectrum, quick-acting pyrethroid insecticide and acaricide and the most powerful pyrethroid insecticide in the world. However, there is increasing evidence that lambda-cyhalothrin is closely related to a variety of toxicity drawbacks (hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicity, among others) in non-target organisms, and oxidative stress seems to be the main mechanism of toxicity. This manuscript reviews the oxidative and mitochondrial damage induced by lambda-cyhalothrin and the signalling pathways involved in this process, indicating that oxidative stress occupies an important position in lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity. The mechanism of antioxidants to alleviate the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin is also discussed. In addition, the metabolites of lambda-cyhalothrin and the major metabolic enzymes involved in metabolic reactions are summarized. This review article reveals a key mechanism of lambda-cyhalothrin toxicity-oxidative damage and suggests that the use of antioxidants seems to be an effective method for preventing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yixin Yu
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Min Ling
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge-Enrique Maximiliano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Tarzaali D, Khaldoun H, Settar A, Boumahdi Merad Z, Mohamed Said R, Djennane N, Makhlouf C, Oularbi Y, Lahmar A, Kaidi R. Ascorbic acid modulates testicular toxicity of Ampligo® 150 ZC insecticide in male rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Reprod Toxicol 2023; 121:108455. [PMID: 37557928 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of ascorbic acid (AA) against lambda cyhalothrin insecticide formulation Ampligo® (AP)-induced testicular toxicity in rabbit laboratory strain ITELV2006 (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into four equal groups and treated by oral gavage for 21 consecutive days: Group 1 served as a control and received 1 ml of distilled water, group 2 was supplemented with1ml of ascorbic acid (AA) dilution (200 mg/kg b.w), Group 3 was treated with a dose of AP at 20 mg/kg bw (1 µl/1 ml of distilled water/animal), whereas group 4 was co-administered AA and AP as the same dose of group 2 and 3, respectively. Hormonal, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical methods were performed at the end of the study to detect testes damage. The results showed that AP exposure significantly reduced body weight, absolute and relative testicular weights, and testosterone levels. AP caused changes in testes tissue, namely incomplete spermatogenic series and necrosis of the spermatogonial cells lining in the seminiferous tubules of rabbits. Co-administrating AA clearly modulated body and testes weights, hormonal parameters, and histopathological damage. Furthermore, the findings revealed a significant increase in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level expression in the testes of the AP group. However, supplementation of the AP rabbits with AA modulated the observed result. Taken together, these data suggest that AA may protect against Ampligo-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Tarzaali
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction (LBRA), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria.
| | - Hassina Khaldoun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Amina Settar
- Department of Agri-food, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Zoubeïda Boumahdi Merad
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction (LBRA), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Ramdane Mohamed Said
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Nacima Djennane
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Bab El Oued, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chahrazed Makhlouf
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | | | - Assala Lahmar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
| | - Rachid Kaidi
- Laboratory of Biotechnologies Related to Animal Reproduction (LBRA), Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270 Blida, Algeria
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Settar A, Khaldoun H, Tarzaali D, Djennane N, Makhlouf C, Selmani I, Yasmine O, Amel K. Lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole caused biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical alterations in male rabbit liver: Ameliorative effect of vitamins A, D, E, C mixture. Toxicology 2023; 487:153464. [PMID: 36813254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides can cause serious environmental and human health consequences such as metabolic disruption and even cancers. Preventive molecules such as vitamins can be an effective solution. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effect of an insecticide mixture formulation of lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole (Ampligo® 150 ZC), on the liver of male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and the possible ameliorative effect of vitamins A, D3, E, and C mixture. For that, 18 male rabbits were divided into 3 equal groups: Control (distilled water), AP (20 mg/Kg bw of the insecticide mixture every other day, orally for 28 days), AP+ADEC (20 mg/Kg bw of the insecticide mixture + 0,5 ml of vitamin AD3E+ 200 mg/kg bw of vitamin C every other day). The effects were evaluated on body weight, food intake changes, biochemical parameters, liver histology, and immunohistochemical expression of AFP, Bcl2, E-cadherin, Ki67, and P53. Results indicated that AP reduced weight gain (6.71%) and feed intake, increased ALT, ALP, and TC plasma levels, and caused hepatic tissular damages such as dilatation and congestion of the central vein, sinusoidal dilatation, inflammatory cells infiltration, and collagen deposition. Hepatic immunostaining showed an increase in the tissular expression of AFP, Bcl2, Ki67, and P53 and a significant (p < 0,05) decrease in E-cadherin expression. In contrast, supplementation of vitamins A, D3, E, and C mixture improved the previous observed alterations. Our study revealed that a sub-acute exposure to an insecticide mixture of lambda cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole induced numerous functional and structural disorders in the rabbit liver and the addition of vitamins ameliorated these damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Settar
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment and Health, Department of Agri-food, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria.
| | - Hassina Khaldoun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Dalila Tarzaali
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Nacima Djennane
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Bab El Oued, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chahrazed Makhlouf
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | - Ichrak Selmani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
| | | | - Khaldoune Amel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Blida 1, Route de Soumaa, BP270, Blida, Algeria
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Yang D, Sun X, Wei X, Zhang B, Fan X, Du H, Zhu R, Oh Y, Gu N. Lambda-cyhalothrin induces lipid accumulation in mouse liver is associated with AMPK inactivation. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113563. [PMID: 36529352 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a critical synthetic Type II pyrethroid insecticide widely applied. Several studies suggest pyrethroids could induce fat accumulation, promote adipogenesis, and impair liver function. Now, the influences of LCT on the hepatic lipid metabolism and the cellular mechanism is still unknown. AMPK has important function in regulating cellular energy balance. To indicate the potential pathogenesis of liver injury caused by LCT exposure, ICR mice were orally administrated with LCT at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg. The results suggest that LCT induced obesity, dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. In addition, LCT also induced oxidative stress, liver function injury, and disorganized structure of the liver. Furthermore, upregulation of PPARγ, FASN, and SREBP1c expression, as well as reduction of PPARα and FGF21 expression, bringing with decreases of phosphorylated ratios of AMPK and ACC were found in LCT-L group. These results indicate that LCT at 0.4 mg/kg could result in dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis in mice. In addition, activation of AMPK in hepatocytes effectively attenuated the effects of LCT. The detailed mechanism of LCT-induced hepatic steatosis is associated with AMPK and its downsteam genes. Activation of AMPK might be a novel protection against the progression of hepatic steatosis induced by LCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaotong Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yuri Oh
- Faculty of Education, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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Sharafi M, Borghei-Rad SM, Hezavehei M, Shahverdi A, Benson JD. Cryopreservation of Semen in Domestic Animals: A Review of Current Challenges, Applications, and Prospective Strategies. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233271. [PMID: 36496792 PMCID: PMC9739224 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a way to preserve germplasm with applications in agriculture, biotechnology, and conservation of endangered animals. Cryopreservation has been available for over a century, yet, using current methods, only around 50% of spermatozoa retain their viability after cryopreservation. This loss is associated with damage to different sperm components including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs. To mitigate this damage, conventional strategies use chemical additives that include classical cryoprotectants such as glycerol, as well as antioxidants, fatty acids, sugars, amino acids, and membrane stabilizers. However, clearly current protocols do not prevent all damage. This may be due to the imperfect function of antioxidants and the probable conversion of media components to more toxic forms during cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sharafi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Semex Alliance, Guelph, ON N1H 6J2, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.D.B.)
| | - Seyyed Mohsen Borghei-Rad
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Maryam Hezavehei
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - James D. Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (J.D.B.)
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Al Malahi NM, Al Jumaily MM, Al-shaibani EA, Alajmi RA, Alkhuriji AF, Al-Tamimi J, Alhimaidi AR. Ameliorative effect of L-carnitine on lambda-cyhalothrin-induced anatomical and reproductive aberrations in albino mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103373. [PMID: 35865321 PMCID: PMC9293953 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to look at how the pesticide lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) affected the liver, kidney, testis, and ovary of albino mice; and on morphological and skeletal features of the newborn of treated females. The study also aimed to test the ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC) against (LCT). Five sets of mice were created, Group 1 acted as the control, while Group 2 received a high dose of LCT, Group 3 received a high dose of LCT + LC, Group 4 received a low dose of LCT that was a residue of in khat (Qat), and Group 5 received a low dose of LCT + LC. The findings revealed that the treated groups' body weights were reduced significantly, whereas the absolute and relative weights of the liver in all groups were statistically decreased insignificantly. There were histopathological changes in the tissues in groups 2 and 4. While the tissues of the ovary and testis showed recovery in groups 3 and 5. When compared to the control group, the values of the seminiferous tubules parameters were statistically significant in the 3 and 5 groups. The newborn had a high dose of pesticides and showed some malformations in the skeleton. However, in group 3 the skeletal malformation was minimized and in-group 5 the skeleton malformations had completely disappeared. It could be concluded that LCT is highly harmful to mouse tissues and caused neonatal malformations, whereas LC has a marked protective effect against LCT.
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Sadaf K, Ahmad KR, Ahmad SN, Kanwal U, Suleman S, Aslam Z, Inayat I, Siddique S, Kanwal MA. Mitigating properties of vitamin E and olive oil on the teratomorphogenic impacts of lambda-cyhalothrin in developing chick embryos. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1901-1905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Freitas RMP, Linhares BS, Oliveira JM, Leite JPV, da Matta SLP, Gonçalves RV, Freitas MB. Tebuconazole-induced toxicity and the protective effect of Ficus carica extract in Neotropical fruit-eating bats. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129985. [PMID: 33640742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (TEB) is a triazole fungicide widely used in agriculture known to cause metabolic and endocrine disorders in mammals. Several plant extracts have shown to be beneficial against pesticide effects due to their hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As fruit bats play a critical role in rainforest regeneration and are constantly exposed to pesticides, we aimed at evaluating TEB-induced toxicity and the possible protective effect of the Ficus carica plant extract in Neotropical fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus). Bats were captured and assigned to 4 experimental groups, offered: 1) CTL (n = 6): papaya; 2) DMSO (n = 6): papaya treated with 1.25% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); 3) TEB (n = 6): papaya treated with tebuconazole (commercial formulation) 0.1%; and 4) TEBFC (n = 6): papaya treated with tebuconazole 0.1% and Ficus carica extract (20%) in DMSO (1.25%). After seven days of exposure, TEB bats showed increased lipid peroxidation, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, vascular congestion and inflammatory infiltrate in the liver, and increased serum transaminase enzyme activities. We found the same alterations in oxidative stress parameters in the breast muscles of TEB-exposed bats. In the testes, all oxidative stress markers were increased in TEB bats and corroborate findings of histopathological and increased serum testosterone levels observed following TEB exposure. The co-administration of the fungicide with the F. carica plant extract attenuated most oxidative stress markers in exposed bats' liver and testes and decreased liver damage, but failed to revert the steroid imbalance caused by the fungicide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M P Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Barbara S Linhares
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Jerusa M Oliveira
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Histology and Embryology Sector, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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Abdul-Hamid M, Mohamed HM, Abd El-Twab SM, Zaied K. Histological, ultrastructural, and biochemical study on the possible role of Panax ginseng in ameliorating liver injury induced by Lambda cyhalotherin. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-020-00076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lambda-cyhalotherin (LCT) is a pyrithroid type 2 pesticide that is broadly utilized in pest control in public health, animal health, and agriculture. Although claiming that LCT has a low mammalian toxicity, several investigations reported its mammalian hepatotoxicity by mediating oxidative stress causes severe hepatotoxicity and liver damage.
Results
LCT significantly decreased catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total thiol (T. thiol) and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO). mRNA and protein expression levels of p53 were upregulated, whereas Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression levels were downregulated in LCT-intoxicated animals. Also, light microscopic and ultrastructure studies for liver tissues of LCT-intoxicated animals showed mononuclear leukocytic infiltration in the parenchyma, congested portal vein with thickened wall, and proliferation of bile duct and hepatocytes with cytoplasmic vacuolations, fatty changes, and collagen fibers. Panax ginseng co-treatment attenuated oxidative stress biomarkers. Both tested doses of Panax ginseng (100 and 200 mg /kg b. wt./day) significantly decreased p53 and elevate Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression levels and reveals significant amelioration and restoration of normal histology and ultrastructure of liver, but 200 mg/kg b. wt. of Panax ginseng seems to be more potent.
Conclusion
Panax ginseng exhibited ameliorative effect against hepatic oxidative stress, apoptosis, histopathological, and ultrastructural changes induced by LCT.
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Huang Y, Lin Z, Zhang W, Pang S, Bhatt P, Rene ER, Kumar AJ, Chen S. New Insights into the Microbial Degradation of D-Cyphenothrin in Contaminated Water/Soil Environments. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040473. [PMID: 32225056 PMCID: PMC7232362 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent use of the insecticide D-cyphenothrin has resulted in heavy environmental contamination and public concern. However, microbial degradation of D-cyphenothrin has never been investigated and the mechanism remains unknown. During this study, for the first time, an efficient D-cyphenothrin-degrading bacterial strain Staphylococcus succinus HLJ-10 was identified. Response surface methodology was successfully employed by using Box-Behnken design to optimize the culture conditions. At optimized conditions, over 90% degradation of D-cyphenothrin (50 mg·L−1) was achieved in a mineral salt medium within 7 d. Kinetics analysis revealed that its half-life was reduced by 61.2 d, in comparison with the uninoculated control. Eight intermediate metabolites were detected in the biodegradation pathway of D-cyphenothrin including cis-D-cyphenothrin, trans-D-cyphenothrin, 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde, α-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-benzeneacetonitrile, trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-propenyl-cyclopropanol, 2,2-dimethyl-3-propenyl-cyclopropionic acid, trans-2,2-dimethyl-3-propenyl-cyclopropionaldehyde, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, dipropyl ester. This is the first report about the degradation of D-cyphenothrin through cleavage of carboxylester linkage and diaryl bond. In addition to degradation of D-cyphenothrin, strain HLJ-10 effectively degraded a wide range of synthetic pyrethroids including permethrin, tetramethrin, bifenthrin, allethrin, and chlorempenthrin, which are also widely used insecticides with environmental contamination problems. Bioaugmentation of D-cyphenothrin-contaminated soils with strain HLJ-10 substantially enhanced its degradation and over 72% of D-cyphenothrin was removed from soils within 40 d. These findings unveil the biochemical basis of a highly efficient D-cyphenothrin-degrading bacterial isolate and provide potent agents for eliminating environmental residues of pyrethroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ziqiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shimei Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Eldon R. Rene
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2601DA Delft, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Shaohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.H.); (Z.L.); (W.Z.); (S.P.); (P.B.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8528-8229; Fax: +86-20-8528-0292
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Erdemli ME, Zayman E, Erdemli Z, Gul M, Gul S, Gozukara Bag H. Protective effects of melatonin and vitamin E in acetamiprid-induced nephrotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:9202-9213. [PMID: 31916150 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of probable toxic effects of acetamiprid (ACMP) on kidney and comparative analysis of the probable protective effects of vitamin E and melatonin were conducted in the present study. The ethics committee approval was obtained from Inonu University Medical Faculty Ethics Committee. Fifty Balb-c mice were randomly assigned to control, corn oil, ethyl alcohol, ACMP, ACMP + melatonin, ACMP + vitamin E, and ACMP + melatonin + vitamin E groups. At the end of the experiments, rat kidney tissues were incised under anesthesia. Blood samples and kidney tissues were examined. After 21 days of ACMP administration, it was observed that malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), BUN, creatinine, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels, histopathological damage, and Caspase-3 immunoreactivity scores increased, and glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased, and histopathological damages were observed. Melatonin and vitamin E administration led to improvements in oxidative stress parameters, renal functions, inflammatory markers, and histopathological findings. ACMP administration led to nephrotoxicity in rat kidney tissues. Although melatonin and vitamin E administrations were effective on ACMP nephrotoxicity separately, co-administration of both was quite effective. Concomitant use of melatonin and vitamin E could be effective on prevention of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Erman Erdemli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Emrah Zayman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Erdemli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Semir Gul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Harika Gozukara Bag
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Sukmawati Y, Arisanty D, Tofrizal A, Amir A. Vitamin E ameliorates testicular histological features and androgen binding protein levels in testicle of rats induced by allethrin. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6:486-491. [PMID: 31819876 PMCID: PMC6882710 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine the ameliorative effect of vitamin E (vit E) on histological features and androgen binding protein (ABP) levels in rats induced by allethrin. Materials and Methods: Thirty sexually mature male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 300 gm, and aging 3 months were taken for this study and were divided into three groups: negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and treatment (T) groups. The PC and T groups were induced by allethrin 12 h per day for 31 days; however, only the T group was given vit E orally at 1 ml/gm body weight (BW) each day for 14 days. The paraffin block method was used to measure tubules’ diameter, thickness of the seminiferous epithelial layer, and Sertoli cell number. The ABP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The results showed that vit E gave significant effect (p < 0.05) on tubular diameter at NC 123.67 ± 12.77, PC 147.16 ± 10.64, and T 130.08 ± 10.00; tubular epithelial thickness at NC 33.55 ± 3.21, PC 30.02 ± 1.53, and T 32.96 ± 2.81; Sertoli cells number at NC 55.48 ± 5.9, PC 43.84 ± 3.77, and T 53.44 ± 4.26; and ABP levels at NC 72.35 ± 39.06, PC 38, 48 ± 18.78, and T 86.10 ± 35.77, respectively. Conclusion: This study concludes that vit E has an ameliorative effect against the toxic effects of allethrin at testicular histological features and ABP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yofa Sukmawati
- Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Dessy Arisanty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Alimuddin Tofrizal
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Arni Amir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
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Jiang L, Chen A, Niu F, Zhang Y. Antioxidant vitamin E protects embryos of Xenopus tropicalis against lambda-cyhalothrin induced embryotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:21629-21640. [PMID: 31129896 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are capable of increasing risks to the early development of nontarget organisms through oxidative stress. The supplementation of antioxidants could help to modulate the toxic effects of pesticides, but much remains to be understood in the interactions between pesticides and antioxidants in amphibians. In the present study, the embryotoxicity of a widely used pyrethroid, lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), and the potential effect of α-tocopherol (TOC) on embryos of Xenopus tropicalis were evaluated. Exposure to LCT did not affect the hatch rate, survival, or body length of the embryos. However, environmentally relevant concentrations of LCT could induce significant malformations on the larvae. Exposure to LCT led to a concentration-dependent induction of oxidative stress and cytotoxicity that subsequently resulted in embryotoxicity. During the early developmental stages, vitamin E could work as a powerful protective antioxidant. The LCT-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species and increased enzymatic activities were fully inhibited by treatment with 1 μg/L TOC. However, only supplementation with 100 μg/L TOC provided partial protection against the morphological changes caused by LCT. The results from the present study suggest that antioxidant vitamin E possesses protective potential against pyrethroid-induced embryotoxicity in amphibian embryos through the prevention of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Anyu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Fang Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Ye X, Liu J. Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis: A reproductive health perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:590-599. [PMID: 30476888 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids, a class of ubiquitous insecticides, have been recognized as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). A lot of studies have implied the endocrine-disrupting effects of pyrethroids on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. However, there are few review articles regarding the effects of pyrethroids on the HPG axis of mammal and human, especially new research progress made in this area. The present review sums up the effects of pyrethroids on the HPG axis-related reproductive outcomes, including epidemiological investigations based on human biomonitoring, animal studies and in vitro tests. Mechanisms have described that the endocrine-disrupting effects of pyrethroids on mammal can be mediated via the interaction with steroid receptors, the direct action on ion channels and signaling molecules. Finally, we summarize the current research gaps and suggest future directions in this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Medical Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Mahdi H, Tahereh H, Esmaiel S, Massood E. Vitamins E and C prevent apoptosis of testicular and ovarian tissues following mancozeb exposure in the first-generation mouse pups. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:136-144. [PMID: 30651039 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718818692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of apoptosis in the first-generation pups' testicular and ovarian tissue changes following mancozeb (MNZ) administration during intrauterine and lactating periods and also the preventive effect of the co-administration of vitamins E and C on these changes. Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) pregnant mice were randomly divided into six groups: control, vehicle, MNZ, vitamin E plus MNZ, vitamin C plus MNZ and vitamins E and C plus MNZ. Administered doses of MNZ and vitamins E and C were 500, 200 and 100 mg/kg of body weight, respectively. These agents were administered to the animals by oral gavage every 2 days. Vitamin treatment was carried out 30 min prior to MNZ administration. Treatment was started on the second day of gestation and continued until weaning. Separated testes and ovaries of animals were prepared for apoptosis detection by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase end-labeling (TUNEL) staining. The percentage of TUNEL-positive cells was reported using the 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole method. As compared to the control and vehicle groups, MNZ induced a significant increase ( p < 0.001) in the number of TUNEL-positive cells. The administration of both vitamins E and C alone and together significantly ( p < 0.001) prevented the apoptotic impacts of MNZ. The preventive effect of the co-administration of these vitamins on the ovary was greater compared to the single administration of vitamins E ( p < 0.001) or C ( p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the results revealed the stronger preventive effect of vitamin C as compared to E on testicular tissue ( p < 0.05). The apoptotic impact of MNZ exposure during intrauterine and lactating periods on first-generation testicular and ovarian tissues was significant. The co-administration of vitamins E and C could prevent MNZ-induced testicular and ovarian changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heydari Mahdi
- 1 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Haghpanah Tahereh
- 1 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saddein Esmaiel
- 1 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ezzatabadipour Massood
- 1 Department of Anatomical Sciences, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Li H, Fang Y, Ni C, Chen X, Mo J, Lv Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Lian Q, Ge RS. Lambda-cyhalothrin delays pubertal Leydig cell development in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:709-717. [PMID: 30029170 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a widely used broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide and is expected to cause deleterious effects on the male reproductive system. However, the effects of LCT on Leydig cell development during puberty are unclear. The current study addressed these effects. Twenty-eight-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats orally received LCT (0, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg body weight/day) for 30 days. The levels of serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone, Leydig cell number, and its specific gene and protein expression were determined. LCT exposure lowered serum testosterone levels at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg and luteinizing hormone levels at a dose of 1 mg/kg, but increased follicle-stimulating hormone levels at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg. LCT lowered Star and Hsd3b1 mRNA or their protein levels at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Immature Leydig cells were purified from pubertal rats and treated with different concentrations of LCT for 24 h and medium androgen levels, Leydig cell mRNA and protein levels, the mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), and the apoptotic rate of immature Leydig cells were investigated. LCT inhibited androgen production at 5 μM and downregulated Scarb1 at 0.05 μM, Hsd3b1 and Hsd11b1 at 0.5 μM, and Cyp11a1 at 5 μM. LCT also decreased △Ψm at 0.5 and 50 μM. In conclusion, LCT can influence the function of Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitao Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yinghui Fang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chaobo Ni
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiuxiu Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jiaying Mo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yao Lv
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xianwu Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qingquan Lian
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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Abdus Sallam M, Zubair M, Tehseen Gul S, Ullah Q, Idrees M. Evaluating the protective effects of vitamin E and selenium on hematology and liver, lung and uterus histopathology of rabbits with cypermethrin toxicity. TOXIN REV 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2018.1518335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot Azad Kashmir, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Shafia Tehseen Gul
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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18
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Hsu SS, Jan CR, Liang WZ. The investigation of the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT)-affected Ca 2+ homeostasis and -activated Ca 2+-associated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in normal human astrocytes: The evaluation of protective effects of BAPTA-AM (a selective Ca 2+ chelator). Neurotoxicology 2018; 69:97-107. [PMID: 30292652 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to insecticides has been found to have deleterious effects on human health. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), a mixture of isomers of cyhalothrin, is a pyrethroid insecticide routinely used in pest control programs. LCT was reported to cause neurotoxic effects in various models. However, the mechanism of underlying effect of LCT on cytotoxicity in normal human brain cells is still elusive. This study examined whether LCT affected Ca2+ homeostasis and Ca2+-related physiology in Gibco® Human Astrocytes (GHA cells), and explored whether BAPTA-AM (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid), a selective Ca2+ chelator, has protective effects on LCT-treated GHA cells. The data show that LCT (10-15 μM) concentration-dependently induced cytotoxicity in both GHA cells and DI TNC1 normal rat astrocytes but only induced intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) rises in GHA cells. In terms of Ca2+ signaling in GHA cells, LCT-induced [Ca2+]i rises were reduced by removing extracellular Ca2+ and were inhibited by store-operated Ca2+ channel modulators (2-APB, econazole or SKF96365). In Ca2+-free medium, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin abolished LCT-induced [Ca2+]i rises. Conversely, incubation with LCT abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca2+]i rises. Regarding cytotoxicity, LCT evoked apoptosis by regulating apoptotic protein expressions (Bax, BCl-2, cleaved caspase-9/-3). This apoptotic response was significantly inhibited by prechelating cytosolic Ca2+ with BAPTA-AM. Together, in GHA cells, LCT induced [Ca2+]i rises by inducing Ca2+ entry via store-operated Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Moreover, BAPTA-AM has a protective effect on inhibiting LCT-activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This study provided new insights into the molecular protective mechanism of LCT-induced cytotoxicity in normal human astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shong Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 91202, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ren Jan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, 90741, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan.
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Miao J, Wang D, Yan J, Wang Y, Teng M, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Comparison of subacute effects of two types of pyrethroid insecticides using metabolomics methods. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:161-167. [PMID: 29183587 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 1H NMR based metabolomics analysis, LC-MS/MS based serum metabolomics and histopathology techniques were used to investigate the toxic effects of subacute exposure to two types of pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin in mice. Metabolomic analysis of tissues extracts and serum showed that these two types of pyrethroid insecticides resulted in alterations of metabolites in the liver, kidney and serum of mice. Based on the altered metabolites, several significant pathways were identified, which are associated with gut microbial metabolism, lipid metabolism, nucleotide catabolism, tyrosine metabolism and energy metabolism. The results showed that bifenthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin have similarities in disruption of metabolic pathways in kidney, indicating that the toxicological mechanisms of these two types of insecticides have some likeness to each other. This study may provide novel insight into revealing differences of toxicological mechanisms between these two types of pyrethroid insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Miao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| | - Dezhen Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
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Mosbah R, Djerrou Z, Mantovani A. Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil against acetamiprid induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:206-212. [PMID: 28669218 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1337127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the adverse reproductive effects of acetamiprid, besides the possible protective role of Nigella sativa oil (NSO), as a potential antioxidant agent. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were allocated into four equal groups of eight, control (CRL), acetamiprid (ACMP, 27 mg/kg), Nigella sativa oil (NSO, 0.5 ml/kg) and in combination (ACMP + NSO). The experimental animals were dosed by gavage (5 days per week) for 45 consecutive days. Body weight gain, reproductive organs weights, sperm characteristics, testosterone, and thiobarbutiric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels were investigated. The obtained results showed that ACMP decreased significantly (p < 0.001) the body weight gain and the absolute weights of reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, and seminal vesicles). Furthermore, significant alterations at least (p < 0.01) in semen characteristics were noted in ACMP group as evidenced by a decline in spermatids number, sperm count, sperm motility, and testosterone level with an increase in abnormal and dead sperm and TBARS level. Treatment with NSO alone may stimulate spermatogenesis, increased significantly (p < 0.001) spermatids number and the weight of seminal vesicles. On the other hand, the co-administration of NSO along with ACMP can mitigate more efficiently and modulate in certain cases the adverse effects induced by ACMP on reproductive organs weights, semen quality, testosterone, and TBARS levels (at least p < 0.001). This obvious protective role of NSO against ACMP induced reproductive toxicity may be due to its antioxidant properties and ability to reduce TBARS levels as shown in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Mosbah
- a Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Boumerdes , Boumerdes , Algeria.,b Department of Biology , Laboratory of Eco-biology ENS- Kouba , Algiers , Algeria
| | - Zouhir Djerrou
- c Department of Nature and Life Sciences , University of August 20th 1955 , Skikda , Algeria.,d Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology , University of Mentouri Constantine 1 , Constantine , Algeria
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- e Department of Food Safety and Veterinary Public Health , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
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Khemiri R, Côté J, Fetoui H, Bouchard M. Documenting the kinetic time course of lambda-cyhalothrin metabolites in orally exposed volunteers for the interpretation of biomonitoring data. Toxicol Lett 2017; 276:115-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kurek M, Barchańska H, Turek M. Degradation Processes of Pesticides Used in Potato Cultivations. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 242:105-151. [PMID: 27718007 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Potato is one of the most important crops, after maize, rice and wheat. Its global production is about 300 million tons per year and is constantly increasing. It grows in temperate climate and is used as a source of starch, food, and in breeding industry.Potato cultivation requires application of numerous agro-technical products, including pesticides, since it can be affected by insects, weeds, fungi, and viruses. In the European Union the most frequently used pesticides in potato cultivations check are: thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin (insecticides), rimsulfuron (herbicide) and metalaxyl (fungicide).Application of pesticides improves crop efficiency, however, as pesticides are not totally selective, it affects also non-target organisms. Moreover, the agrochemicals may accumulate in crops and, as a consequence, negatively influence the quality of food products and consumer health. Additional risks of plant protection products are related to their derivatives, that are created both in the environment (soil, water) and in plant organisms, since many of these compounds may exhibit toxic effects.This article is devoted to the degradation processes of pesticides used in potato crop protection. Attention is also paid to the toxicity of both parent compounds and their degradation products for living organisms, including humans. Information about the level of pesticide contamination in the environment (water, soil) and accumulation level in edible plants complement the current knowledge about the risks associated with widespread use of thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin, rimsulfuron and metalaxyl in potato cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kurek
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - H Barchańska
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - M Turek
- Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
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Khalaf A, Ibrahim M, Tohamy A, Allah AA, Zaki AR. Protective Effect of Vitazinc on Chlorsan Induced Oxidative Stress, Genotoxicity and Histopathological Changes in Testicular Tissues of Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.22.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Refat MS, El-Megharbel SM, Kobeasy MI, Mahamoud GI, Al-Omar MA, Naglah AM. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations and biological activities of vanadyl(II) folate compound as a new anti-DNA damage and antioxidant agent. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.04.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stewart JL, Shipley CF, Ireland FA, Jarrell VL, Timlin CL, Shike DW, Felix TL. Long-term Effects of Pyrethrin and Cyfluthrin, a Type II Synthetic Pyrethroid, Insecticide Applications on Bull Reproductive Parameters. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:680-7. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JL Stewart
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - CF Shipley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - FA Ireland
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - VL Jarrell
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - CL Timlin
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - DW Shike
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
| | - TL Felix
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Illinois; Urbana IL USA
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26
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Ben Slima A, Chtourou Y, Barkallah M, Fetoui H, Boudawara T, Gdoura R. Endocrine disrupting potential and reproductive dysfunction in male mice exposed to deltamethrin. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:218-226. [PMID: 27164926 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116646617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure may affect semen quality and male fertility in humans. The aim of the present work was to elucidate the adverse effects of deltamethrin (Delta), a synthetic pyrethroid, on exposed male mice and their offspring. Adult male Albino/Swiss mice received deltamethrin (5 mg/kg) daily for 35 days and mated with untreated females to produce offspring. Classical measurements of ejaculate and sperm quality and testicular histopathological changes were assessed. Deltamethrin treatment affects sperm quality and quantity in the ejaculated semen of mice that had also markedly impaired libido as measured by indices of mating and fertility and number of pregnant females housed with male mice exposed to this pesticide. Exposure mice to deltamethrin significantly decreased their testosterone and inhibin B levels and affected reproductive performance. Testes of exposed mice showed marked histopathological alterations as compared to the control group. The mice exposed to 5 mg/kg body weight/day of deltamethrin showed severe alterations of the seminiferous tubules, sloughing of the germ cells, the vacuolization of germ cell cytoplasm, and the disruption of spermatogenic cells compared to the control group. Altered pregnancy outcomes were directly attributed to damage of sperm of male mice exposed to deltamethrin compared to the control group. We concluded that exposure to deltamethrin affected the reproductive system of male mice explored by altered total sperm density, motility, and morphology in mice spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ben Slima
- 1 Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Y Chtourou
- 1 Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Barkallah
- 1 Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - H Fetoui
- 1 Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - T Boudawara
- 2 Anatomopathology Laboratory, University of Sfax, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - R Gdoura
- 1 Unit Research of Toxicology-Microbiology Environmental and Health, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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27
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Xia X, Xia X, Huo W, Dong H, Zhang L, Chang Z. Toxic effects of imidacloprid on adult loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:132-139. [PMID: 27299658 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to assess the effects of imidacloprid on the survival, genetic materials, hepatic transaminase activity and histopathology of loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). The values of LC50 (24, 48, 72 and 96h) of imidacloprid were 167.7, 158.6, 147.9 and 145.8mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 42.55mg/L. The erythrocyte micronuclei assays and the comet assay results showed that imidacloprid had genetic toxic effect on the loach erythrocytes. To assess the physiological and biochemical damage caused by imidacloprid, the activities of hepatic glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) were measured and their values declined in treatment groups. Histological examination of testis revealed that imidacloprid treatment resulted in disorganized lobules and cysts structures. In the present work, we also investigated the joint toxicity of pesticides commonly used in paddy fields (imidacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin) on M. anguillicaudatus, and confirmed that a synergistic effect existing in the binary mixtures. The results of our study provide relevant and comparable toxicity information that are useful for safety application of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopei Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiran Huo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dong
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Chang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Yekeen TA, Fawole OO, Bakare AA, Emikpe BO. Alteration in haematological, biochemical and reproductive indices ofRattus norvegicustreated with lambdacyhalothrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2016.1142702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Delong W, Weibin M, Mingchen J, Zhonglin Y, Juntao F, Xing Z. pHEMA hydrogels with pendant triazinyl-β-cyclodextrin as an efficient and recyclable reservoir for loading and release of plant-based mosquito repellents: a new aqueous mosquito repellent formulation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27942a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels with pendant β-cyclodextrins as an efficient and recyclable reservoir for loading and release of plant-based mosquito repellents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Delong
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education
- Northwest A & F University
- Yangling
- China
| | - Ma Weibin
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Henan University of Technology
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Jia Mingchen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Yang Zhonglin
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education
- Northwest A & F University
- Yangling
- China
| | - Feng Juntao
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education
- Northwest A & F University
- Yangling
- China
| | - Zhang Xing
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticide
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education
- Northwest A & F University
- Yangling
- China
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30
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TANG ZHIAN, DING WEILIANG, WANG LUN, JIANG WENCHU, ZHANG QUANXIANG, CHEN HONG, ZOU HONGNAN, DONG YONGKANG, SHAO JIANWEI, MA TIELIANG. Protective effect of vitamin E on methyl methanesulfonate-induced teratozoospermia in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4422-4426. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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31
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Oroian M, Escriche I. Antioxidants: Characterization, natural sources, extraction and analysis. Food Res Int 2015; 74:10-36. [PMID: 28411973 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently many review papers regarding antioxidants from different sources and different extraction and quantification procedures have been published. However none of them has all the information regarding antioxidants (chemistry, sources, extraction and quantification). This article tries to take a different perspective on antioxidants for the new researcher involved in this field. Antioxidants from fruit, vegetables and beverages play an important role in human health, for example preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and lowering the incidence of different diseases. In this paper the main classes of antioxidants are presented: vitamins, carotenoids and polyphenols. Recently, many analytical methodologies involving diverse instrumental techniques have been developed for the extraction, separation, identification and quantification of these compounds. Antioxidants have been quantified by different researchers using one or more of these methods: in vivo, in vitro, electrochemical, chemiluminescent, electron spin resonance, chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, nuclear magnetic resonance, near infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Oroian
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania.
| | - Isabel Escriche
- Institute of Food Engineering for Development (IUIAD), Food Technology Department (DTA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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32
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Pathway and kinetics of cyhalothrin biodegradation by Bacillus thuringiensis strain ZS-19. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8784. [PMID: 25740758 PMCID: PMC4350101 DOI: 10.1038/srep08784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyhalothrin is a common environmental pollutant which poses increased risks to non-target organisms including human beings. This study reported for the first time a newly isolated strain, Bacillus thuringiensis ZS-19 completely degraded cyhalothrin in minimal medium within 72 h. The bacterium transformed cyhalothrin by cleavage of both the ester linkage and diaryl bond to yield six intermediate products. Moreover, a novel degradation pathway of cyhalothrin in strain ZS-19 was proposed on the basis of the identified metabolites. In addition to degradation of cyhalothrin, this strain was found to be capable of degrading 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, a common metabolite of pyrethroids. Furthermore, strain ZS-19 participated in efficient degradation of a wide range of pyrethroids including cyhalothrin, fenpropathrinn, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin and bifenthrin. Taken together, our results provide insights into the mechanism of cyhalothrin degradation and also highlight the promising potentials of B.thuringiensis ZS-19 in bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environment. This is the first report of (i) degradation of cyhalothrin and other pyrethroids by B.thuringiensis, (ii) identification of 3-phenoxyphenyl acetonitrile and N-(2-isoproxy-phenyl)-4-phenoxy-benzamide as the metabolites in the degradation pathway of pyrethroids, and (iii) a pathway of degradation of cyhalothrin by cleavage of both the ester linkage and diaryl bond in a microorganism.
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33
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Majid A, Qureshi MS, Khan RU. In vivo
adverse effects of alpha-tocopherol on the semen quality of male bucks. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 99:841-6. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Majid
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences; The University of Agriculture; Peshawar Pakistan
| | - M. S. Qureshi
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences; The University of Agriculture; Peshawar Pakistan
| | - R. U. Khan
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences; The University of Agriculture; Peshawar Pakistan
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34
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Mosbah R, Yousef MI, Maranghi F, Mantovani A. Protective role of Nigella sativa oil against reproductive toxicity, hormonal alterations, and oxidative damage induced by chlorpyrifos in male rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2014; 32:1266-77. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233714554675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at elucidating the possible protective effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) in alleviating the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on reproductive performance in male rats. Animals were orally administered with NSO (1 ml/kg/day), CPF (20 mg/kg/day), and NSO + CPF every day for 4 weeks. Results showed that CPF decreased spermatid number, sperm count, daily sperm production, and sperm motility while increased dead sperm and abnormal sperm compared with the control. Also the levels of testosterone, thyroxine levels, steroidogenic enzyme 17-ketosteroid reductase, body weight, food intake, and relative weight of reproductive organs were decreased. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were increased, while glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes were decreased in plasma and testes of rats treated with CPF. Histopathological examination of testes showed a decrease in the number of seminiferous tubules, form shrinkage, enlargement of the connective tissue and gametogenic changes in germ cells of rats treated with CPF. NSO alone increased testosterone, semen characteristics, GSH, and antioxidant enzymes and decreased the levels of free radicals. Furthermore, the presence of NSO with CPF alleviates its toxic effects. Our results indicated that NSO can improve semen picture and moderate CPF-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Mosbah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Boumerdes, Algeria
| | - Mokhtar Ibrahim Yousef
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Francesca Maranghi
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, IstitutoSuperiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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35
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Galal MK, Khalaf A, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim MA. WITHDRAWN: Multimechanistic neuroprotective effect of vitamin E against deltamethrin induced brain toxicity. Toxicol Rep 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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36
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Shalaby MA, Hammouda AAEK. Assessment of protective and anti-oxidant properties of Tribulus terrestris fruits against testicular toxicity in rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2014; 3:113-8. [PMID: 26401358 PMCID: PMC4566674 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20140627123443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study was carried out to assess the protective and anti-oxidant activities of the methanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris fruits (METT) against sodium valproate (SVP)-induced testicular toxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty mature male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups (n = 10). Group 1 was used normal (negative) control, and the other four groups were intoxicated with SVP (500 mg/kg(-1), orally) during the last week of the experiment. Group 2 was kept intoxicated (positive) control, and Groups 3, 4 and 5 were orally pre-treated with METT in daily doses 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg(-1) for 60 days, respectively. Weights of sexual organs, serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, semen picture, testicular anti-oxidant capacity and histopathology of testes were the parameters used in this study. RESULTS Oral pre-treatment with METT significantly increased weights of testes and seminal vesicles; serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels and sperm motility, count and viability in SVP-intoxicated rats. METT enhanced the activity of testicular anti-oxidant enzymes and partially alleviated degenerative changes induced by SVP in testes. CONCLUSION The pre-treatment with METT has protective and anti-oxidant effects in SVP-intoxicated rats. Mechanisms of this protective effect against testicular toxicity may be due to the increased release of testosterone, FSH and LH and the enhanced tissue anti-oxidant capacity. These results affirm the traditional use of T. terrestris fruits as an aphrodisiac for treating male sexual impotency and erectile dysfunction in patients. The study recommends that T. terrestris fruits may be beneficial for male patients suffering from infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Abbas Shalaby
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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37
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Al-Sarar AS, Abobakr Y, Bayoumi AE, Hussein HI, Al-Ghothemi M. Reproductive toxicity and histopathological changes induced by lambda-cyhalothrin in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:750-762. [PMID: 22865375 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is a widely used broad-spectrum pyrethroid insecticide. Oral LCT administration to adult male mice at 3 doses (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks caused a significant reduction in the weight of the seminal vesicles. The epididymal sperm count was lower in mice that received at the highest dose than in control mice. However, the proportions of live and motile spermatozoa were reduced at both the medium and the high doses compared with control mice. All doses induced an increase in the number of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa. Histopathological observations of the testes, liver, kidneys, and spleen showed dose-related degenerative damage in LCT-treated mice. The results indicate that LCT has reproductive toxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and splenotoxicity in male mice at the tested doses. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 750-762, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Al-Sarar
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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38
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β-Cryptoxanthin ameliorates the reproductive toxicity of chlorpyrifos in male rabbit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-014-1917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Rungsung S, Rampal S. Ameliorative Effect of Selenium on Enrofloxacin-Induced Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Imbalance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-014-0304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Genome Sequence of Pyrethroid-Degrading Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris Strain JSC-3b. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/1/e01228-13. [PMID: 24459280 PMCID: PMC3900912 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01228-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain JSC-3b is a facultative, thermophilic bacterium, which was isolated from water in a canal adjacent to a vegetable field. Strain JSC-3b biodegrades several varieties of pyrethroid residues effectively through cometabolic pathways. Here, we present the genome sequence of this biodegrader.
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41
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Ben Abdallah F, Fetoui H, Zribi N, Fakhfakh F, Keskes L. Quercetin attenuates lambda cyhalothrin-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:673-680. [PMID: 21887817 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of Quercetin (Qe) against oxidative stress induced by λ cyhalothrin (LTC) in reproductive system. Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups. First group was allocated as the control group. Second group was given a Qe alone while the third group received a LTC alone. Animals in the fourth group were given a Qe with LTC. Caudae epididymis was removed for sperm analysis. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in the testis. Additionally, the different histopathologic changes were observed in the testis of animals. LTC exposure significantly increased the abnormal morphology and LPO. On the contrary, sperm motility, viability and count, levels of GSH, and activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST were significantly decreased compared to controls. Qe with LTC offset the decrease in functional sperm parameters, antioxidants enzymatic activities, and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels when compared with LTC-treated rats. Furthermore, LTC showed irregular seminiferous tubules containing only Sertoli cells and Qe with LTC caused regular seminiferous tubules showing spermatogenesis at level of spermatocytes. We conclude that LTC-induced oxidative stress and functional sperm parameters in male rats, and dietary of Qe attenuates the reproductive toxicity of LTC to restore the antioxidant system and sperm parameters in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Histology Embryology and Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of sfax, Tunisia; Laboratory of Molecular Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
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42
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Molecular cloning and characterization of a newly isolated pyrethroid-degrading esterase gene from a genomic library of Ochrobactrum anthropi YZ-1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77329. [PMID: 24155944 PMCID: PMC3796475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel pyrethroid-degrading esterase gene pytY was isolated from the genomic library of Ochrobactrum anthropi YZ-1. It possesses an open reading frame (ORF) of 897 bp. Blast search showed that its deduced amino acid sequence shares moderate identities (30% to 46%) with most homologous esterases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PytY is a member of the esterase VI family. pytY showed very low sequence similarity compared with reported pyrethroid-degrading genes. PytY was expressed, purified, and characterized. Enzyme assay revealed that PytY is a broad-spectrum degrading enzyme that can degrade various pyrethroids. It is a new pyrethroid-degrading gene and enriches genetic resource. Kinetic constants of Km and Vmax were 2.34 mmol·L(-1) and 56.33 nmol min(-1), respectively, with lambda-cyhalothrin as substrate. PytY displayed good degrading ability and stability over a broad range of temperature and pH. The optimal temperature and pH were of 35°C and 7.5. No cofactors were required for enzyme activity. The results highlighted the potential use of PytY in the elimination of pyrethroid residuals from contaminated environments.
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43
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Tan K, Yang S, Wang Z, Menzel R. Effect of flumethrin on survival and olfactory learning in honeybees. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66295. [PMID: 23785490 PMCID: PMC3681914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flumethrin has been widely used as an acaricide for the control of Varroa mites in commercial honeybee keeping throughout the world for many years. Here we test the mortality of the Asian honeybee Apis cerana cerana after treatment with flumethrin. We also ask (1) how bees react to the odor of flumethrin, (2) whether its odor induces an innate avoidance response, (3) whether its taste transmits an aversive reinforcing component in olfactory learning, and (4) whether its odor or taste can be associated with reward in classical conditioning. Our results show that flumethrin has a negative effect on Apis ceranàs lifespan, induces an innate avoidance response, acts as a punishing reinforcer in olfactory learning, and interferes with the association of an appetitive conditioned stimulus. Furthermore flumethrin uptake within the colony reduces olfactory learning over an extended period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, China.
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44
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Rawi SM, Seif Al Nassr FM. Zinc sulphate and vitamin E alleviate reproductive toxicity caused by aluminium sulphate in male albino rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:221-34. [PMID: 23282999 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712469650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the reproductive toxicity of aluminium sulphate and the therapeutic effects of administration of zinc sulphate and vitamin E individually or in combination against the toxic effect caused by aluminium (Al) in male albino rats. The animals were divided into five groups: group 1 received distilled water and served as control; group 2 received only aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)); group 3 received aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.) plus zinc sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.); group 4 received aluminium sulphate (50 mg/kg b.w.) and vitamin E (15 mg/kg b.w.); group 5 received aluminium sulphate plus a combination of zinc sulphate and vitamin E in similar doses as above. Doses were administered orally once daily for 45 consecutive days. The results revealed that aluminium sulphate induced significant decrease in body weight gain and testis weight and significant increase in Al level in both serum and testes of male rats. Biochemical analysis showed significant decrease in serum total protein and phospholipids levels, while serum total lipid was significantly elevated post Al treatment. In addition, significant decrease in total protein, phospholipids and cholesterol levels in the testes of Al-treated rats was recorded. The data also showed significant decrease in the levels of serum testosterone, leutinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone and significant increase in the level of serum prolactin in Al-intoxicated rats. Moreover, histological examination showed that aluminium sulphate caused apparent alterations in the testicular structure of the treated animals. Treatment with zinc sulphate and vitamin E individually or in combination ameliorated the harmful effects of Al, which was proved histopathologically by the noticeable improvement in the testicular tissues. We can conclude that the tested dose of aluminium sulphate induced toxic effect on the reproductive system of male albino rats and the treatment with zinc sulphate and/or vitamin E alleviated these toxic effects. In some cases, vitamin E exerted a more potent effect, while in other cases, the more potent effect is related to zinc sulphate and the combination of both at most of the recorded data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Rawi
- Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdul Aziz University, Khulais, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ebeid T. Vitamin E and organic selenium enhances the antioxidative status and quality of chicken semen under high ambient temperature. Br Poult Sci 2012; 53:708-14. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2012.722192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhai Y, Li K, Song J, Shi Y, Yan Y. Molecular cloning, purification and biochemical characterization of a novel pyrethroid-hydrolyzing carboxylesterase gene from Ochrobactrum anthropi YZ-1. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 221-222:206-12. [PMID: 22579404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Strain YZ-1 was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Ochrobactrum anthropi. This strain was capable of degrading pyrethroids pesticides, suggesting the presence of degrading enzymes. In the present study, a novel esterase gene pytZ was cloned from the genomic library of YZ-1 successfully. The pytZ contained an open reading frame of 606bp encoding a pyrethroid-hydrolyzing carboxylesterase. Deduced amino acid sequence showed moderate identities (39-59%) with most homologous carboxylesterase, except a putative carboxylesterase from O. anthropi ATCC 49188 with the highest identity of 85%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PytZ belonged to esterase VI family. The gene pytZ showed no any sequence similarity with reported pyrethroid-hydrolyzing genes and was a new pyrethroid-degrading gene. PytZ was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified using Ni-NTA Fast Start. PytZ was able to degrade various pyrethroids. The optimal temperature and pH were 35°C and 7.5. This enzyme was very stable over a wide range of temperature and pH. No cofactors were required for enzyme activity. Broad substrate specificity, high enzyme activity, and the favorable stability make the PytZ a potential candidate for the detoxification of pyrethroid residues in biotechnological application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhai
- Laboratory of Biology, Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing 100081, China
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Bal R, Naziroğlu M, Türk G, Yilmaz Ö, Kuloğlu T, Etem E, Baydas G. Insecticide imidacloprid induces morphological and DNA damage through oxidative toxicity on the reproductive organs of developing male rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2012; 30:492-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Bal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology; Firat University; Elazig; Turkey
| | - Mustafa Naziroğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics; Suleyman Demirel University; Isparta; Turkey
| | - Gaffari Türk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination; Firat University; Elazig; Turkey
| | - Ökkes Yilmaz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology; Firat University; Elazig; Turkey
| | - Tuncay Kuloğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology; Firat University; Elazig; Turkey
| | - Ebru Etem
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology; Firat University; Elazig; Turkey
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Abdou HM, Hussien HM, Yousef MI. Deleterious effects of cypermethrin on rat liver and kidney: protective role of sesame oil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2012; 47:306-314. [PMID: 22428892 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.640913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides. Our study was designed to investigate the induction of oxidative stress by cypermethrin; a Type II pyrethroid in rat liver and kidney. In addition, the protective role of sesame oil against the toxicity of cypermethrin was investigated. Animals were divided into four equal groups; the first group used as control while groups 2, 3 and 4 were treated with sesame oil (5 mL/kg b.w), cypermethrin (12 mg/kg b.w) and the combination of both sesame oil (5 mL/kg b.w) plus cypermethrin (12 mg/kg b.w), respectively. Rats were daily administered with their respective doses for 30 days by gavage. Repeated oral administration of cypermethrin was found to reduce the level of glutathione (GSH) and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes. While, the level of TBARS was elevated indicating the presence of oxidative stress. The activities of LDH, AST and ALT were decreased in the liver extract while increased in the plasma of the cypermethrin-treated group. Also, the levels of urea and creatinine were significantly increased after treatment with cypermethrin. Liver and kidney injury was confirmed by the histological changes. In conclusion, the administration of sesame oil provided significant protection against cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress, biochemical changes, histopathological damage and genomic DNA fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Abdou
- Zoology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. dr.heba
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Aydin-Sinan H, Güngördü A, Ozmen M. Toxic effects of deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin on Xenopus laevis tadpoles. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2012; 47:397-402. [PMID: 22424064 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2012.648545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the toxic effects of deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin on Xenopus laevis tadpoles after 168 h of exposure. The LC(50) of deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin at 168 h was calculated as the μg of active ingredient per liter (μg AI/L). According to these values, the LC(50) was 6.26 and 3.94 μg AI/L for deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin, respectively. Several enzymes were studied for early signs of intoxication following exposure to the pesticides for 24 h. Glutathione-S-transferase,carboxylesterase, and lactate dehydrogenase were inhibited by λ-cyhalothrin, and both pesticides inhibited acid phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase. In contrast, acetylcholinesterase was activated by deltamethrin. The results suggest that X. laevis is sensitive to the pyrethroids that were tested, and the enzyme responses suggest that they are potential biomarkers for evaluating the toxic effect of pyrethroids on amphibians in environmental conditions.
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Kapoor U, Srivastava M, Srivastava L. Toxicological impact of technical imidacloprid on ovarian morphology, hormones and antioxidant enzymes in female rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:3086-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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