1
|
Yang K, Jia X, Chen J, Wang Z, Song B, Li R, Cheong KL, Zhong S. Sulfate glycosaminoglycan from swim bladder exerts immunomodulatory potential on macrophages via toll-like receptor 4 mediated NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132439. [PMID: 38761907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the immunomodulatory impact and potential mechanisms on macrophages RAW264.7 using a purified macromolecular sulfate glycosaminoglycan (SBSG) from the swim bladder, whose structure was similar to chondroitin sulfate A. The results showed that SBSG at 0.25-1 mg/mL increased the viability and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, SBSG promoted the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and nitric oxide (NO), as well as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). According to the RT-PCR and Western blot data, SBSG activated TLR4-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, which decreased the relative mRNA and protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), IκB kinase β (IKKβ), NF-κB p65, and p-NF-κB p65. The molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation findings revealed that the main binding force between TLR4 and SBSG was conventional hydrogen bond interaction, resulting in more stable ligand receptor complexes. In summary, SBSG exhibits significant immunomodulatory potential, similar to chondroitin sulfate C. The underlying molecular mechanism involved the binding of SBSG through hydrogen bonding to TLR4 receptors, triggering the NF-κB signaling pathway to downregulate the expression of related genes and proteins. This, in turn, regulated the secretion of various cytokines that were mediated by macrophages to exert the immunity of the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xuejing Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Bingbing Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Kit-Leong Cheong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ciszewski WM, Woźniak LA, Sobierajska K. Diverse roles of SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins in EndMT stimulation through the TGF-β-MRTF axis inhibited by aspirin. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:296. [PMID: 38807115 PMCID: PMC11134719 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes severe COVID-19 in one-fifth of patients. In addition to high mortality, infection may induce respiratory failure and cardiovascular complications associated with inflammation. Acute or prolonged inflammation results in organ fibrosis, the cause of which might be endothelial disorders arising during the endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). METHODS HUVECs and HMEC-1 cells were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 S (Spike) and N (Nucleocapsid) proteins, and EndMT induction was evaluated by studying specific protein markers via Western blotting. Wound healing and tube formation assays were employed to assess the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to stimulate changes in cell behaviour. MRTF nuclear translocation, ROS generation, TLR4 inhibitors, TGF-β-neutralizing antibodies, and inhibitors of the TGF-β-dependent pathway were used to investigate the role of the TGF-β-MRTF signalling axis in SARS-CoV-2-dependent EndMT stimulation. RESULTS Both viral proteins stimulate myofibroblast trans-differentiation. However, the N protein is more effective at EndMT induction. The TGF-β-MRTF pathway plays a critical role in this process. The N protein preferentially favours action through TGF-β2, whose secretion is induced through TLR4-ROS action. TGF-β2 stimulates MRTF-A and MRTF-B nuclear translocation and strongly regulates EndMT. In contrast, the Spike protein stimulates TGF-β1 secretion as a result of ACE2 downregulation. TGF-β1 induces only MRTF-B, which, in turn, weakly regulates EndMT. Furthermore, aspirin, a common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, might prevent and reverse SARS-CoV-2-dependent EndMT induction through TGF-β-MRTF pathway deregulation. CONCLUSION The reported study revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces EndMT. Moreover, it was demonstrated for the first time at the molecular level that the intensity of the EndMT triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection may vary and depend on the viral protein involved. The N protein acts through TLR4-ROS-TGF-β2-MRTF-A/B, whereas the S protein acts through ACE2-TGF-β1-MRTF-B. Furthermore, we identified aspirin as a potential anti-fibrotic drug for treating patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech M Ciszewski
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Str. 6/8, Lodz, 92- 215, Poland
| | - Lucyna A Woźniak
- Department of Structural Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego Str. 7/9, Lodz, 90-752, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sobierajska
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka Str. 6/8, Lodz, 92- 215, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Wu X, Chen J, Gao T, Zhang Y, Yu N. Traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharide in nano-drug delivery systems: Current progress and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116330. [PMID: 38422656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs) have gained increasing attention in the field of nanomedicine due to their diverse biological activities and favorable characteristics as drug carriers, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, safety, and ease of modification. TCMPs-based nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) offer several advantages, such as evasion of reticuloendothelial system (RES) phagocytosis, protection against biomolecule degradation, enhanced drug bioavailability, and potent therapeutic effects. Therefore, a comprehensive review of the latest developments in TCMPs-based NDDSs and their applications in disease therapy is of great significance. This review provides an overview of the structural characteristics and biological activities of TCMPs relevant to carrier design, the strategies employed for constructing TCMPs-based NDDSs, and the versatile role of TCMPs in these systems. Additionally, current challenges and future prospects of TCMPs in NDDSs are discussed, aiming to provide valuable insights for future research and clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Zha H, Gao Y, Chen H, Wang Y, Zhou T, Deng C. Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide mediates priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR4/ NF-κB signaling pathway to exert immunostimulatory effects. J Appl Biomed 2024; 22:23-32. [PMID: 38505967 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dictyophora indusiata, commonly known as bamboo fungus, is a type of edible mushroom that is highly popular worldwide for its rich flavor and nutritional value. It is also recognized for its pharmaceutical efficacy, with medicinal benefits attributed to its consumption. One of the most important components of Dictyophora indusiata is polysaccharide, which has been acknowledged as a promising regulator of biological response due to its immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific roles of polysaccharide in modulating the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation within macrophages remain relatively under-researched. To investigate this further, the mechanism by which Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide (DIP) exerts its immunostimulatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages was analyzed. Results indicated that DIP has the potential to facilitate the priming of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by enhancing TLR4 expression, phosphorylation of IκB-α, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 subunit. It was noted that DIP was unable to mediate the second step of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The findings of this study provide compelling evidence that DIP has immunomodulatory effects by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome in RAW264.7 macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Liu
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Huanxiao Zhang
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Hanqian Zha
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Gao
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214200, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Wang
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Tongxin Zhou
- Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214200, P.R. China
| | - Chao Deng
- Jiangnan University, Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ahmad MF, A. Alsayegh A, Ahmad FA, Akhtar MS, Alavudeen SS, Bantun F, Wahab S, Ahmed A, Ali M, Elbendary EY, Raposo A, Kambal N, H. Abdelrahman M. Ganoderma lucidum: Insight into antimicrobial and antioxidant properties with development of secondary metabolites. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25607. [PMID: 38356540 PMCID: PMC10865332 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a versatile mushroom. Polysaccharides and triterpenoids are the major bioactive compounds and have been used as traditional medicinal mushrooms since ancient times. They are currently used as nutraceuticals and functional foods. G. lucidum extracts and their bioactive compounds have been used as an alternative to antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. Secondary metabolites with many medicinal properties make it a possible substitute that could be applied as immunomodulatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic. The miraculous properties of secondary metabolites fascinate researchers for their development and production. Recent studies have paid close attention to the different physical, genetic, biochemical, and nutritional parameters that potentiate the production of secondary metabolites. This review is an effort to collect biologically active constituents from G. lucidum that reveal potential actions against diseases with the latest improvement in a novel technique to get maximum production of secondary metabolites. Studies are going ahead to determine the efficacy of numerous compounds and assess the valuable properties achieved by G. lucidum in favor of antimicrobial and antioxidant outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Alsayegh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, School of Engineering and Science, G.D Goenka University, Gru Gram, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, AlFara, Abha, 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sirajudeen S. Alavudeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, AlFara, Abha, 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farkad Bantun
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awais Ahmed
- Department of Management, Shri JJT University, Rajasthan, Post code; 333010, India
| | - M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, CBS College of Pharmacy & Technology (Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences), Chandpur, Faridabad, Haryana, 121101, India
| | - Ehab Y. Elbendary
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nahla Kambal
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Abdelrahman
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ying Y, Hao W. Corrigendum: Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: a review. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1361355. [PMID: 38264646 PMCID: PMC10804138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1361355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147641.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ying
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Hao
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian D, Qiao Y, Peng Q, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Shi L, Xiong X, He M, Xu X, Shi B. A Poly-D-Mannose Synthesized by a One-Pot Method Exhibits Anti-Biofilm, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1579. [PMID: 37627574 PMCID: PMC10451989 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, D-mannose was used to synthesize poly-D-mannose using a one-pot method. The molecular weight, degree of branching, monosaccharide composition, total sugar content, and infrared spectrum were determined. In addition, we evaluated the safety and bioactivity of poly-D-mannose including anti-pathogen biofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that poly-D-mannose was a mixture of four components with different molecular weights. The molecular weight of the first three components was larger than 410,000 Da, and that of the fourth was 3884 Da. The branching degree of poly-D-mannose was 0.53. The total sugar content was 97.70%, and the monosaccharide was composed only of mannose. The infrared spectra showed that poly-D-mannose possessed characteristic groups of polysaccharides. Poly-D-mannose showed no cytotoxicity or hemolytic activity at the concentration range from 0.125 mg/mL to 8 mg/mL. In addition, poly-D-mannose had the best inhibition effect on Salmonella typhimurium at the concentration of 2 mg/mL (68.0% ± 3.9%). The inhibition effect on Escherichia coli O157:H7 was not obvious, and the biofilm was reduced by 37.6% ± 2.9% at 2 mg/mL. For Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, poly-D-mannose had no effect on biofilms at low concentration; however, 2 mg/mL of poly-D-mannose showed inhibition rates of 33.7% ± 6.4% and 47.5% ± 4%, respectively. Poly-D-mannose showed different scavenging ability on free radicals. It showed the best scavenging effect on DPPH, with the highest scavenging rate of 74.0% ± 2.8%, followed by hydroxyl radicals, with the scavenging rate of 36.5% ± 1.6%; the scavenging rates of superoxide anion radicals and ABTS radicals were the lowest, at only 10.1% ± 2.1% and 16.3% ± 0.9%, respectively. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, poly-D-mannose decreased the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and down-regulated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Therefore, it can be concluded that poly-D-mannose prepared in this research is safe and has certain biological activity. Meanwhile, it provides a new idea for the development of novel prebiotics for food and feed industries or active ingredients used for pharmaceutical production in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (D.T.); (Y.Q.); (Q.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.S.); (X.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Bo Shi
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (D.T.); (Y.Q.); (Q.P.); (Y.Z.); (Y.G.); (L.S.); (X.X.); (M.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kou F, Ge Y, Wang W, Mei Y, Cao L, Wei X, Xiao H, Wu X. A review of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides: Health benefit, structure-activity relationship, modification, and nanoparticle encapsulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125199. [PMID: 37285888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides possess unique functional properties. Various processing technologies have been used to produce and modify G. lucidum polysaccharides to improve their yield and utilization. In this review, the structure and health benefits were summarized, and the factors that may affect the quality of G. lucidum polysaccharides were discussed, including the use of chemical modifications such as sulfation, carboxymethylation, and selenization. Those modifications improve the physicochemical characteristics and utilization of G. lucidum polysaccharides, and make them more stable that could be used as functional biomaterials to encapsulate active substances. Ultimate, G. lucidum polysaccharide-based nanoparticles were designed to deliver various functional ingredients to achieve better health-promoting effects. Overall, this review presents an in-depth summary of current modification strategies and offers new insights into the effective processing techniques to develop G. lucidum polysaccharide-rich functional foods or nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Kou
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China; Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Yunfei Ge
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Weihao Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuxia Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Longkui Cao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
| | - Xuetuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Xian Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition, and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao F, Luo L, Zhang L. A New Galactoglucomannan from the Mycelium of the Medicinal Parasitic Fungus Cordyceps cicadae and Its Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093867. [PMID: 37175281 PMCID: PMC10179787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A new galactoglucomannan (C-0-1) was purified from the medicinal parasitic fungus of Cordyceps cicadae using an anion-exchange column and gel permeation column. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gel permeation chromatography indicated that C-0-1 consists of galactose, glucose, and mannose in a ratio of 5:1:4 and has a molecular weight of 23.3 kDa. The combined structural elucidation analysis methods including partial acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and NMR experiments revealed that C-0-1 was a comb-like polysaccharide with a core structure including (1→2)-α-D-Manp residues in the backbone and branches at O-6 of the main chain. (1→4)-α-D-Glcp, (1→2)-β-D-Galf, (1→2,6)-β-D-Galf, and terminal β-Galf were located at the side chains. An in vitro experiment using RAW 264.7 cells indicated that C-0-1 exhibits good immunomodulatory activity by enhancing inducible nitric oxide synthase secretion and the production of some major inflammatory cytokines. On inhibiting the cytokine production using anti-pattern recognition receptors antibodies, it was revealed that the activation of macrophages is mainly carried out by C-0-1 through the mannose receptor. Toll-like receptor 4 and Toll-like receptor 2 were also involved in this identification process. An in vivo experiment on immunosuppressive mice treated with cyclophosphamide indicated that C-0-1 improves the secretion of serum-related cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) and affects the balance of T helper cells Th1/Th2. Given the structural and bioactivity similarity between Cordyceps cicadae and Cordyceps sinensis, we can conclude that Cordyceps cicadae could be used as an important medicinal fungus like Cordyceps sinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Lingling Luo
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Leifang Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1 South Haida Road, Zhoushan 316022, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li M, Huang X, Wen J, Chen S, Wu X, Ma W, Cui SW, Xie M, Nie S. Innate immune receptors co-recognition of polysaccharides initiates multi-pathway synergistic immune response. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 305:120533. [PMID: 36737186 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The law and mechanism of the interaction between polysaccharides and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) has been unclear. Herein, three glucomannans with different structures were selected to explore the universal mechanism for PRRs to recognize glucomannans. Screening results showed that the silence of TLR4 but not TLR2 severely blocked the production of inflammatory cytokines and the transduction of signal pathways. In-depth results revealed that the participation of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) and CD14 and the dimerization of the TLR4-MD2 complex were required for glucomannan-activated TLR4 signal transduction. Mannose receptor (MR) was also engaged in glucomannan-induced respiratory burst, endocytosis, and inflammatory signaling pathways in a spleen tyrosine kinase-dependent manner. The internalization of glucomannans into the cytoplasm by MR directly initiated complex intracellular signaling cascades. Finally, molecular docking characterized the binding energy and binding sites between glucomannans and multiple receptors from other perspectives. The essence of glucomannans recognized by PRRs was the non-covalent interaction of multiple receptors and the subsequent transmission of the signal cascade was triggered in a multi-channel and cooperative manner. As a result, the hypothesis that "Innate immune receptors co-recognition of polysaccharides initiates multi-pathway synergistic immune response" was proposed to outline these meaningful phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiajia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shikang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xincheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wanning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Steve W Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research and Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario NIG 5C9, Canada
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ying Y, Hao W. Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: A review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147641. [PMID: 36969152 PMCID: PMC10035574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides extracted from natural resources have attracted extensive attention in biomedical research and pharmaceutical fields, due to their medical values in anti-tumor, immunomodulation, drug delivery, and many other aspects. At present, a variety of natural polysaccharides have been developed as adjuvant drugs in clinical application. Benefit from their structural variability, polysaccharides have great potential in regulating cellular signals. Some polysaccharides exert direct anti-tumor effects by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, while the majority of polysaccharides can regulate the host immune system and indirectly inhibit tumors by activating either non-specific or specific immune responses. As the essential of microenvironment in the process of tumor development has been gradually revealed, some polysaccharides were found to inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells via tumoral niche modulation. Here, we focused on natural polysaccharides with biomedical application potential, reviewed the recent advancement in their immunomodulation function and highlighted the importance of their signaling transduction feature for the antitumor drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ying
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Hao
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng FS, Yao YF, Wang LF, Li WJ. Polysaccharides as antioxidants and prooxidants in managing the double-edged sword of reactive oxygen species. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114221. [PMID: 36634589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, a class of naturally occurring carbohydrates, were widely presented in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Recently, health benefits of polysaccharides have attracted much attention due to their unique characteristics in reactive oxygen species (ROS) management. ROS, by-products of aerobic metabolism linked to food consumption, exhibited a dual role in protecting cells and fostering pathogenesis collectively termed double-edged sword. Some interesting studies reported that polysaccharides could behave as prooxidants under certain conditions, besides antioxidant capacities. Potentiation of the bright side of ROS could contribute to the host defense that was vitally important for the polysaccharides acting as biological response modifiers. Correspondingly, disease prevention of polysaccharides linked to the management of ROS production was systematically described and discussed in this review. Furthermore, major challenges and future prospects were presented, aiming to provide new insight into applying polysaccharides as functional food ingredients and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Sen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yu-Fei Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Le-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hou T, Guo S, Liu Z, Lin H, Song Y, Li Q, Mao X, Wang W, Cao Y, Liu G. Novel Pectic Polysaccharides Isolated from Immature Honey Pomelo Fruit with High Immunomodulatory Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238573. [PMID: 36500662 PMCID: PMC9739730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel pectic polysaccharide (HPP-1) with high immunomodulatory activity was extracted and isolated from the immature honey pomelo fruit (Citrus grandis). Characterization of its chemical structure indicated that HPP-1 had a molecular weight of 59,024 D. In addition, HPP-1 was primarily composed of rhamnose, arabinose, fucose, mannose, and galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00:11.12:2.26:0.56:6.40. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, periodic acid oxidation, and Smith degradation results showed that HPP-1 had α- and β-glycosidic linkages and 1 → 2, 1 → 4, 1 → 6, and 1 → 3 glycosidic bonds. 13C NMR and 1H NMR analyses revealed that the main glycogroups included 1,4-D-GalA, 1,6-β-D-Gal, 1,6-β-D-Man, 1,3-α-L-Ara, and 1,2-α-L-Rha. Immunomodulatory bioactivity analysis using a macrophage RAW264.7 model in vitro revealed that NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 secretions were all considerably increased by HPP-1. Moreover, RT-PCR results showed that HPP-1-induced iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression was significantly increased in macrophages. HPP-1-mediated activation in macrophages was due to the stimulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways based on western blot analyses. HPP-1 extracted from immature honey pomelo fruit has potential applications as an immunomodulatory supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shenglan Guo
- Guangzhou Shuke Industrial Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuokun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongyu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiqi Li
- Chongqing Sweet Pet Products Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xin Mao
- Chongqing Sweet Pet Products Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Wencan Wang
- Chongqing Sweet Pet Products Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (G.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-020-8586234 (Y.C. & G.L.)
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (G.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-020-8586234 (Y.C. & G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Structural analysis and immunomodulatory activity of a homopolysaccharide isolated from Parabacteroides distasonis. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
15
|
Wang M, Fu C, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Cao L. Immunostimulatory activity of soybean hull polysaccharide on macrophages. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:389. [PMID: 35495602 PMCID: PMC9019774 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Wang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Chenye Fu
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Mingcong Zhang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Liang Cao
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mechanisms of RAW264.7 macrophages immunomodulation mediated by polysaccharide from mung bean skin based on RNA-seq analysis. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
17
|
Xie L, Huang Z, Meng H, Shi X, Xie J. Immunomodulation effect of polysaccharides from liquid fermentation of Monascus purpureus 40269 via membrane TLR-4 to activate the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:480-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
18
|
Xie L, Huang Z, Meng H, Fan Z, Shi X, Xie J. Role of genistein on the yield, structure and immunomodulatory activity of Monascus exopolysaccharides. Food Funct 2022; 13:1393-1407. [PMID: 35045151 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the structures, physicochemical properties, and monosaccharide compositions of exopolysaccharides (EPS) isolated from microorganisms has been reported to enhance their biological activities. Hence, the aim of this work was to examine the effects of genistein addition during fermentation on the amount, physicochemical properties, and immunomodulatory activity of EPS secreted by M. purpureus. Results showed that genistein addition significantly increased M. purpureus biomass and EPS yield to 2.42 g L-1 and 6.08 g L-1, respectively, and affected the physicochemical properties and structures of EPS. Furthermore, EPS produced by genistein-treated M. purpureus (G-EMP) improved the immunomodulatory activity of RAW264.7 macrophages by increasing the secretion of nitric oxide and cytokines. Moreover, phospho-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), phospho-p38 (p-p38) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) phospho-p65 (p65) proteins were remarkably upregulated by G-EMP stimulation, blocking Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that dramatically reduced the pinocytic and phagocytic capacities. Overall, these findings provide potential rationales for the application of genistein in improving the EPS yield of M. purpureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China. .,Sino-German Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cui M, Wang Y, Liu K. Structure analysis and anti-inflammatory effect of a polysaccharide from Hippocampus mohnikei. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100739. [PMID: 35001528 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure of a polysaccharide (HMP-1) from Hippocampus mohnikei, and to explore its anti-inflammatory effect. HMP-1 was obtained from Hippocampus mohnikei by ethanol sedimentation and secondary column chromatography purification. Its structural characteristics were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). Results showed its molecular weight (Mw) was 7296 Da, and it mainly consisted of six residues, 1,3-β-Glcp, 1,4-α-Manp, 1,4-α-GalpA, 1,4-β-GlcpA2S, 1,4-α-Galp3S, 1,4-β-GlcNAc. HMP-1 could protect RAW246.7 cells from the cytotoxic effect induced by LPS. HMP-1 also could reduce the levels of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species produced by LPS stimulation, suggesting that HMP-1 has anti-inflammatory activities within a certain concentration range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Cui
- Shanghai Ocean University, College of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, 201306, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Ocean University, College of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Kehai Liu
- Shanghai Ocean University, college of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Božić Nedeljković B, Ćilerdžić J, Zmijanjac D, Marković M, Džopalić T, Vasilijić S, Stajić M, Vučević D. Immunomodulatory effects of extract of Lingzhi or Reishi medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) basidiocarps cultivated on alternative substrate. Int J Med Mushrooms 2022; 24:45-59. [DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022044452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
21
|
Li M, Wen J, Huang X, Nie Q, Wu X, Ma W, Nie S, Xie M. Interaction between polysaccharides and toll-like receptor 4: Primary structural role, immune balance perspective, and 3D interaction model hypothesis. Food Chem 2021; 374:131586. [PMID: 34839969 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Various structural types of polysaccharides are recognized by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). However, the mechanism of interaction between the polysaccharides with different structures and TLR4 is unclarified. This review summarized the primary structure of polysaccharides related to TLR4, mainly including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bonds, functional groups, and branched-chain structure. The optimal primary structure for interacting with TLR4 was obtained by the statistical analysis. Besides, the dual-directional regulation of TLR4 signaling cascade by polysaccharides was also elucidated from an immune balance perspective. Finally, the 3D interaction model of polysaccharides to TLR4-myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) complex was hypothesized according to the LPS-TLR4-MD2 dimerization model and the polysaccharides solution conformation. The essence of polysaccharides binding to TLR4-MD2 complex is a multivalent non-covalent bond interaction. All the arguments summarized in this review are intended to provide some new insights into the interaction between polysaccharides and TLR4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiajia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, and the Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xincheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wanning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ru Z, Xu M, Zhu G, Tu Y, Jiang Y, Du H. Ovotransferrin exerts bidirectional immunomodulatory activities via TLR4-mediated signal transduction pathways in RAW264.7 cells. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6162-6175. [PMID: 34760247 PMCID: PMC8565217 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune regulation function of ovotransferrin (OVT) explored using the RAW264.7 was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as vitro model in this study. The results showed that RAW264.7 cultured with OVT (200 μg/ml) alone not only enhanced the phagocytic activity and the production and expression of inflammatory factors, but also expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene was significantly promoted by OVT. OVT (50 μg/ml) significantly inhibited the secretion and expression of inflammatory factors in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7, but CD14 and TLR4 genes expressions were no obvious effects. Inflammatory cytokines and NO secreted by OVT-induced macrophages pretreated with inhibitors of TLR4 were down-regulated. We further verified the effects of OVT on inflammatory signaling pathway-related proteins through immunofluorescence and western blotting, MyD88, TLR4 and the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 were significantly promoted by OVT, but there was no significant effects on the phosphorylation of IRF3. OVT promoted the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 in RAW264.7 and inhibited the phosphorylated expression of MAPK in LPS-mediated inflammation. These results indicated that OVT had the bidirectional immunoregulatory function through TLR4-mediated NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway, that is, anti-inflammatory effect of low concentration and immune-enhancing activity of high concentration were showed. That provides a theoretical utilization for the development and utilization of OVT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Ru
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| | - Mingsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| | - Gaoxiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| | - Yonggang Tu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| | - Huaying Du
- Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food of Jiangxi Jiangxi Agricultural University Nanchang China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
He K, Zeng Y, Tian H, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Huang F, Yu F. Macrophage immunomodulatory effects of low molecular weight peptides from Mytilus coruscus via NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
24
|
Li P, Chang M. Roles of PRR-Mediated Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147688. [PMID: 34299310 PMCID: PMC8306625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Accumulating evidence has shown that oxidative stress is characterized by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous reviews have highlighted inflammatory signaling pathways, biomarkers, molecular targets, and pathogenetic functions mediated by oxidative stress in various diseases. The inflammatory signaling cascades are initiated through the recognition of host cell-derived damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and microorganism-derived pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). In this review, the effects of PRRs from the Toll-like (TLRs), the retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) and the NOD-like (NLRs) families, and the activation of these signaling pathways in regulating the production of ROS and/or oxidative stress are summarized. Furthermore, important directions for future studies, especially for pathogen-induced signaling pathways through oxidative stress are also reviewed. The present review will highlight potential therapeutic strategies relevant to inflammatory diseases based on the correlations between ROS regulation and PRRs-mediated signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Mingxian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-6878-0760
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu W, Zhao M, Fu X, Hou J, Wang Y, Shi F, Hu S. Molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage immunomodulatory activity of Rubus chingii Hu polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:907-916. [PMID: 34242647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in macrophage activation by polysaccharides from the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (RFPs). The results showed that RFPs enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, promoted the expression and secretion of inflammatory factors (ROS, PTGS2, iNOS, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL10), and boosted the expression of accessory and costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC-I and MHC-II). RNA-Seq analysis identified 2564 DEGs, 1710 GO terms and 101 KEGG pathways. TNF was identified as the core gene via analysis of pathway information integration and PPI network. The western blot analysis combined with functional verification assay confirmed that MAPK, NF-κB and Jak-STAT pathways were essential to RFPs-mediated macrophage activation. TLR2 was revealed to be the functional receptor and involved in the early recognition of RFPs. These results indicated that RFPs modulated macrophage immune response mainly through TLR2-dependent MAPK, NF-κB and Jak-STAT pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fushan Shi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Z, Bratlie KM. The Influence of Polysaccharides-Based Material on Macrophage Phenotypes. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100031. [PMID: 33969643 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is a key factor in determining the success of implanted tissue engineering scaffolds. Polysaccharides (derived from plants, animals, and microorganisms) are known to modulate macrophage phenotypes by recognizing cell membrane receptors. Numerous studies have developed polysaccharide-based materials into functional biomaterial substrates for tissue regeneration and pharmaceutical application due to their immunostimulatory activities and anti-inflammatory response. They are used as hydrogel substrates, surface coatings, and drug delivery carriers. In addition to their innate immunological functions, the newly endowed physical and chemical properties, including substrate modulus, pore size/porosity, surface binding chemistry, and the mole ratio of polysaccharides in hybrid materials may regulate macrophage phenotypes more precisely. Growing evidence indicates that the sulfation pattern of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans expressed on polarized macrophages leads to the changes in protein binding, which may alter macrophage phenotype and influence the immune response. A comprehensive understanding of how different types of polysaccharide-based materials alter macrophage phenotypic changes can be beneficial to predict transplantation/implantation outcomes. This review focuses on recent advances in promoting wound healing and balancing macrophage phenotypes using polysaccharide-based substrates/coatings and new directions to address the limitations in the current understanding of macrophage responses to polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Li
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Kaitlin M Bratlie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Identification of bioactive polysaccharide from Pseudostellaria heterophylla with its anti-inflammatory effects. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
|
28
|
Jiang G, Lei A, Chen Y, Yu Q, Xie J, Yang Y, Yuan T, Su D. The protective effects of the Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide against acrylamide-induced inflammation and oxidative damage in rats. Food Funct 2021; 12:397-407. [PMID: 33336655 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01873b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the protective effects of the Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) on selected tissue (liver, spleen, kidneys and intestine) toxicity induced by acrylamide (AA) in SD rats were investigated. The results showed that pretreatment with PSG-1 could prevent AA-induced damage to liver and kidney functions by increasing the activities of ALT, AST and ALP and the levels of TG, BUN and CR in the serum of AA-treated rats. PSG-1 could also maintain the intestinal barrier function and permeability by preventing the reduction of the serum d-Lac and ET-1 levels in the intestine of AA-treated rats. In addition, AA-induced DNA damage, as indicated by an increase of the 8-OHdG level, was alleviated by pretreatment with PSG-1. Histological observations of the tissues confirmed the protective effects of different doses of PSG-1. Moreover, PSG-1 supplementation reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats by upregulating the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and IL-10 levels, and preventing the overproduction of malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Thus, these findings suggest that PSG-1 effectively prevents AA-induced damage in the liver, spleen, kidneys, and intestine of rats, partially by alleviating the inflammatory response and oxidative stress and protecting the intestinal integrity and barrier function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Aitong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Tongji Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Dan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghosh S, Khatua S, Dasgupta A, Acharya K. Crude polysaccharide from the milky mushroom, Calocybe indica, modulates innate immunity of macrophage cells by triggering MyD88-dependent TLR4/NF-κB pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 73:70-81. [PMID: 33791803 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Calocybe indica is a famous nutritious food in Asian countries and one of the most widely cultivated mushrooms in the world. Here, we have isolated crude polysaccharides from this mushroom, characterized it and investigated its antioxidant and immunostimulatory potential. METHODS The polysaccharide was chemically characterized by spectrophotometry, FTIR and high-performance thin layer chromatography and tested its antioxidant potential by in vitro assays. Immunomodulatory activity and its underlying signalling process were ascertained in RAW 264.7 cells. KEY FINDINGS The polysaccharide consisted of D-glucose (β-linked sugars), D-mannose and D-galactose, where backbone was organized in random coil structure. Preliminary investigation of the bioactivity of the polysaccharide revealed its antioxidant potential. The polysaccharide could noticeably induce phagocytic activity and production of immune mediators in macrophage cells. The polysaccharide was found to enhance the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate NF-κB signalling pathway by overexpressing MyD88, Iκ-Bα and NF-κB. Further studies indicated the polysaccharide binds to the toll-like receptor 4 to manifest its immunostimulatory activity in macrophage cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate potential therapeutic properties of the crude polysaccharide of C. indica which might provide the means to treat various radical induced and immunodeficiency disorders in the days to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandipta Ghosh
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Somanjana Khatua
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Adhiraj Dasgupta
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Center of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Teng Y, Liang H, Zhang Z, He Y, Pan Y, Yuan S, Wu X, Zhao Q, Yang H, Zhou P. Biodistribution and immunomodulatory activities of a proteoglycan isolated from Ganoderma lucidum. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
31
|
Ren L, Zhang J, Zhang T. Immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from Ganoderma on immune effector cells. Food Chem 2020; 340:127933. [PMID: 32882476 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the most abundant bioactive compounds in Ganoderma and have been widely used as dietary supplements in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Polysaccharides from Ganoderma exhibit unique biological properties, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. Herein, the sources and structures of polysaccharides from Ganoderma were presented. This work also reviews the immunomodulatory activities and possible mechanisms of polysaccharides from Ganoderma on different immune effector cells, including lymphocytes and myeloid cells. As an available adjunctive remedy, polysaccharides from Ganoderma can potentially be applied for the modulation of the host immune system, namely the innate immunity, the cellular immunity, and the humoral immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Al-Obeed O, El-Obeid AS, Matou-Nasri S, Vaali-Mohammed MA, AlHaidan Y, Elwatidy M, Al Dosary H, Alehaideb Z, Alkhayal K, Haseeb A, McKerrow J, Ahmad R, Abdulla MH. Herbal melanin inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by altering redox balance, inducing apoptosis, and modulating MAPK signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:126. [PMID: 32322173 PMCID: PMC7161222 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most deadly cancers that requests effective and safe chemotherapy. Evaluation of natural product-based anticancer drugs as adjuvant treatment with fewer side effects is largely unexplored research fields. Herbal melanin (HM) is an extract of the seed coats of Nigella sativa that modulates an inflammatory response through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). This TLR4 receptor is also involved in the modulation of apoptosis. We therefore explored the anticancer potential of HM and specifically its effect on the molecular mechanisms underlying adenocarcinoma and metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) cell death in vitro. Methods Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione levels, and apoptotic status were assessed using fluorometric and colorimetric detection methods. HM-induced apoptotic and other signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot technology and mitochondrial transition pore assay kit. TLR4 receptor downregulation and blockade were performed using siRNA technology and neutralizing antibody, respectively. Results Our results showed that HM inhibited the proliferation of the colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 and mCRC SW620 cell lines. Furthermore, HM enhanced ROS production and decreased glutathione levels. HM-induced apoptosis was associated with mitochondrial outer membrane permeability and cytochrome c release, inhibition of the Bcl2 family proteins, and activation of caspase-3/-7. In addition, HM modulated MAPK pathways by activating the JNK pathway and by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. TLR4 receptor downregulation enhanced HM-induced apoptosis while TLR4 receptor blockade partially alleviated HM-inhibited ERK phosphorylation. Conclusion Altogether, these findings indicate that HM exerts pro-apoptotic effects and inhibits MAPK pathway through TLR4 in mCRC and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, suggesting HM as a promising natural-based drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Al-Obeed
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Adila Salih El-Obeid
- 2Department of Biobank, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia.,3Faculty of Pharmacology, Ahfad University for Women, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sabine Matou-Nasri
- 4Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yazeid AlHaidan
- 4Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elwatidy
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Al Dosary
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeyad Alehaideb
- 4Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khayal Alkhayal
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Haseeb
- 5Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - James McKerrow
- 6Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- 1Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University Hospital and College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 7805 (37), Riyadh, 11472 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang L, Wang M, Dou H, Lin W, Zou L. Sirtuin 1 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in chronic myelogenous leukemia k562 cells through interacting with the Toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor κ B-reactive oxygen species signaling axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:73. [PMID: 32165863 PMCID: PMC7059700 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm resulting from BCR–ABL-transformed hematopoietic stem cells. Previous research has implicated multifunctional proinflammatory cytokines in CML development. It has been reported that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) as well as ADP-ribosyltransferase and deacetylase may influence CML cell viability and inflammation. Methods This study was directed toward exploring the SIRT1-involved in the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammation in CML k562 cells. Results In our study, the LPS-induced inflammation in k562 cells was reflected by increases in levels of diverse inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF-β. LPS also decreased SIRT1 expression and nuclear location in k562 cells. Furthermore, SIRT1 overexpression inhibited the release of the above mentioned cytokines in LPS-treated cells. We also determined that LPS stimulation could activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the nuclear factor κ B (NFκB) subunit, and p65 and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in k562 cells. Nevertheless, SIRT1 overexpression decreased TLR4 expression, thereby repressing the phosphorylation of the NFκB subunit and p65 and decreasing ROS production. Conclusions These findings suggest that SIRT1 is a latent therapeutic target for mitigating LPS-induced inflammation via the TLR4–NFκB–ROS signaling axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Hongju Dou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Wenjie Lin
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Lifang Zou
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai, 200011 China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
El-Sheikh Ali H, Boakari YL, Loux SC, Dini P, Scoggin KE, Esteller-Vico A, Kalbfleisch T, Ball BA. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the key regulators and molecular mechanisms underlying myometrial activation during equine placentitis†. Biol Reprod 2020; 102:1306-1325. [PMID: 32065222 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The key event in placentitis-induced preterm labor is myometrial activation with the subsequent initiation of labor. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying myometrial activation are not fully understood in the mares. Therefore, the equine myometrial transcriptome was characterized during placentitis (290.0 ± 1.52 days of GA, n = 5) and the prepartum period (330 days of GA, n = 3) in comparison to normal pregnant mares (289.8 ± 2.18 days of GA, n = 4). Transcriptome analysis identified 596 and 290 DEGs in the myometrium during placentitis and the prepartum period, respectively, with 138 DEGs in common. The placentitis DEGs included eight genes (MMP1, MMP8, S100A9, S100A8, PI3, APOBEC3Z1B, RETN, and CXCL2) that are exclusively expressed in the inflamed myometrium. Pathway analysis elucidated that inflammatory signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and apoptosis pathways dominate myometrial activation during placentitis. The prepartum myometrium was associated with overexpression of inflammatory signaling, oxidative stress, and 5-hydroxytryptamine degradation. Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified several chemoattractant factors in the myometrium during placentitis and prepartum period, including CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL3, and CXCL6 in common. Upstream regulator analysis revealed 19 potential upstream regulators in placentitis dataset including transcription regulators (E2F1, FOXM1, HIF1A, JUNB, NFKB1A, and STAT1), transmembrane receptors (FAS, ICAM1, SELP, TLR2, and TYROBP), growth factors (HGF and TGFB3), enzymes (PTGS2 and PRKCP), and others (S100A8, S100A9, CD44, and C5AR1). Additionally, three upstream regulators (STAT3, EGR1, and F2R) were identified in the prepartum dataset. These findings revealed the key regulators and pathways underlying myometrial activation during placentitis, which aid in understanding the disease and facilitate the development of efficacious therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H El-Sheikh Ali
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, Dakahlia, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Y L Boakari
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - S C Loux
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - P Dini
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K E Scoggin
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - A Esteller-Vico
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - T Kalbfleisch
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - B A Ball
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yi Y. Functional crosstalk between non-canonical caspase-11 and canonical NLRP3 inflammasomes during infection-mediated inflammation. Immunology 2020; 159:142-155. [PMID: 31630388 PMCID: PMC6954705 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a part of the body's immune response for protection against pathogenic infections and other cellular damages; however, chronic inflammation is a major cause of various diseases. One key step in the inflammatory response is the activation of inflammasomes, intracellular protein complexes comprising pattern recognition receptors and other inflammatory molecules. The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory responses has been extensively investigated; however, the caspase-11 inflammasome has been recently identified and has been classified as a 'non-canonical' inflammasome, and emerging studies have highlighted its role in inflammatory responses. Because the ligands and the mechanisms for the activation of these two inflammasomes are different, studies to date have separately described their roles, although recent studies have reported the functional cooperation between these two inflammasomes during an inflammatory response. This review discusses the studies investigating the functional crosstalk between non-canonical caspase-11 and canonical NLRP3 inflammasomes in the context of inflammatory responses; moreover, it provides insight for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics to prevent and treat infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young‐Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical EngineeringCheongju UniversityCheongjuKorea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xu W, Fang S, Wang Y, Zhang T, Hu S. Molecular mechanisms associated with macrophage activation by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:616-628. [PMID: 31931060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying macrophage activation by total polysaccharides from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAMPtp). The results showed that RAMPtp significantly promoted productions of NO, ROS, cytokines and chemokines, enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, and upregulated expressions of accessory and costimulatory molecules. RNA-seq analysis presented 2868 DEGs and 737 GO terms. PPI network analysis in combination with KEGG pathways as well as the western blot and functional verification assays indicated that NF-κB and STATs were the key regulators modulating the expressions of core gene TNF-α and IL-6 individually, and the transposition activation of NF-κB was identified as an early event in macrophage activation induced by RAMPtp. The involvements of MAPKs and PI3K-Akt pathways were also determined. These results indicated that immune response and immune function were regulated in RAMPtp-stimulated macrophages via a complex interaction network, in which NF-κB and Jak-STAT signaling pathways played a pivotal role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Sijia Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, PR China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yang D, Lin F, Huang Y, Ye J, Xiao M. Separation, purification, structural analysis and immune-enhancing activity of sulfated polysaccharide isolated from sea cucumber viscera. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 155:1003-1018. [PMID: 31712137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel sulfated polysaccharide (SCVP-1) was isolated from sea cucumber viscera and purified to elucidate its structure and immune-enhancing ability. SCVP-1 was found to be a homogeneous polysaccharide with a relative molecular weight of 180.8 kDa and composed of total sugars (60.2 ± 2.6%), uronic acid (15.3 ± 1.8%), proteins (6.8 ± 0.8%), and sulfate groups (18.1 ± 0.9%). SCVP-1 consisted of mannose, glucosamine, glucuronic acid, N-acetyl-galactosamine, glucose, galactose and fucose at an approximate molar ratio of 1.00:1.41:0.88:2.14:1.90:1.12:1.24. The fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses showed that SCVP-1 was a kind of glycosaminoglycan. And the sulfation patterns of the fucose branches were Fuc2,4S, Fuc3,4S and Fuc0S. The surface morphology of SCVP-1 presented loose and irregular sheet structure formed by aggregation of polysaccharide molecules with spherical structure. Moreover, SCVP-1 promoted the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) by RAW264.7 cells as well as the expression of related genes (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and also enhanced their phagocytic activity through TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. This study suggests that sea cucumber viscera are good sources of polysaccharides and SCVP-1 might be a novel immunomodulator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongda Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao university of China, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fudi Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao university of China, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yayan Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao university of China, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jing Ye
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao university of China, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
| | - Meitian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao university of China, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Protective effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide on acrolein-induced macrophage injury via autophagy-dependent apoptosis pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
39
|
Yang Q, Huang M, Cai X, Jia L, Wang S. Investigation on activation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells and protection in cyclophosphamide-treated mice of Pseudostellaria heterophylla protein hydrolysate. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110816. [PMID: 31518602 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study has demonstrated that Pseudostellaria heterophylla protein hydrolysate (PPH) has immunomodulatory activity on murine spleen lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the excitation of PPH in RAW264.7 macrophage cells and the protective effect in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated mice. The results showed PPH of 50 μg/mL could stimulate macrophages resulting in significant promotions of nitric oxide (NO) production, endocytosis and reactive oxygen species formation. Meanwhile, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 were significantly upregulated by PPH. Furthermore, 50 mg/kg per day PPH restored the T lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cell activity, and increased NO production and pinocytosis of peritoneal macrophages in CTX-treated mice. These findings indicate PPH plays a crucial role in RAW264.7 macrophage cells activation and in the protection against immunosuppression in CTX-treated mice and could be used as a potential immunostimulant agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Muchen Huang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Lee Jia
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wen M, Lin X, Yu Y, Wu J, Xu Y, Xiao G. Natamycin treatment reduces the quality changes of postharvest mulberry fruit during storage. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12934. [PMID: 31368574 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of natamycin (NA) treatment on the quality of mulberry fruit throughout the storage at 8°C and 90% relative humidity. The results of this study showed that NA treatment reduced the decay rate of mulberry fruit, inhibited respiration, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, decreased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity, and maintained sucrose levels, total soluble solids (TSS), and total acids (TA) contents in the fruits throughout storage. NA treatment maintained the surface color and firmness of fruits throughout storage and suppressed the production of fructose, glucose, total phenolics, and the contents of anthocyanin. NA treatment maintained the quality of mulberry fruit throughout storage by enhancing the enzymatic activity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers: catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) and inhibiting the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Treatment of mulberries with increasing concentrations of NA could significantly inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens in mulberry fruits and improve their quality. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results from our previous study showed that NA was a safe preservative which could effectively inhibit the growth of molds and yeasts in mulberry fruits and improve their quality throughout the postharvest storage. Compared with other treatments for mulberry fruit, NA treatment has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, good application, and extension. The results in this study further prove that application of NA treatment has potential in the food industry to maintain the postharvest quality and extend the shelf life of mulberry fruits throughout storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Lin
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanshan Yu
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jijun Wu
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Xu
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Food, Ministry of Agriculture/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang H, Qiu B, Chen S, Xun Y, Pan Y, Chen M, Li WX, Liao W, El-Ashram S, Yang A, Liu F. Soluble CXCL16 promotes TNF-α-induced apoptosis in DLBCL via the AMAD10-NF-κB regulatory feedback loop. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:863-874. [PMID: 31033093 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We had previously identified that the co-expression of transmembrane CXCL16 (TM-CXCL16) and its receptor CXCR6 is an independent risk factor for poor survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the impact of the soluble form of CXCL16 (sCXCL16) on the pathogenesis of DLBCL remains unknown. In the present study, the synergistic effect of sCXCL16 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) on apoptosis in DLBCL cell lines (OCI-LY8 and OCI-LY10) was investigated in vitro. sCXCL16 reinforced TNF-α-mediated inhibition of DLBCL cell proliferation, as determined by the cell counting kit-8 assay. The results of annexin V staining showed that sCXCL16 enhanced TNF-α-induced apoptosis in OCI-LY8 and OCI-LY10 cells through a death receptor-caspase signaling pathway. The results of gene microarray suggested a significant upregulation of differentially expressed genes in the TNF signaling pathway. sCXCL16 increased the concentration of extracellular TNF-α by binding to CXCR6 to activate the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. TNF-α also induced the secretion of sCXCL16 by increasing the expression of ADAM10, which is known to cleave TM-CXCL16 to yield sCXCL16. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis revealed that elevated TNF-α and ADAM10 expression levels in tumor tissues predicted better survival in patients with DLBCL. Thus, our study suggests that sCXCL16 enhances TNF-α-induced apoptosis of DLBCL cells, which may involve a positive feedback loop consisting of TNF-α, ADAM10, sCXCL16, and members of the NF-κB pathway. sCXCL16 and TNF-α may be used as prognostic markers in the clinic, and their combinational use is a promising approach in the context of DLBCL therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Qiu
- The Medical college of Jiaying University, Meizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Xun
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Pan
- The Stomatology Medical Center, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Minmin Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Xing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wanqin Liao
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Anping Yang
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Basic Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shalini KS, Yengkhom O, Subramani PA, Michael RD. Polysaccharide fraction from the Indian mistletoe, Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh enhances innate immunity and disease resistance in Oreochromis niloticus (Linn.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:407-414. [PMID: 30853657 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide fraction (PF) isolated from the hemiparasitic mistletoe, Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh (DF) leaves was tested for its immunostimulatory properties in Oreochromis niloticus (Linn.). Different groups of experimental fish were fed for 1, 2 or 3 weeks with three different doses [low (0.01%), mid (0.1%), or high (1%)] of D. falcata polysaccharide fraction (DFPF) - supplemented diet. After every feeding regimen, the fish were assessed for non-specific immunological parameters, immune related gene expression and disease protection. The DFPF treated groups showed significant (P < 0.05) enhancement of non-specific immune parameters. Significant (P < 0.05) upregulation of lysozyme and TNF-α gene expression was observed in DFPF treated groups. In pathogen challenge studies using Aeromonas hydrophila, the DFPF treated groups displayed significant (P < 0.05) decrease in percentage mortality and the consequent increase in relative percent survival (RPS). Supplementation of 1% DFPF in the feed for a week conferred the maximum protection against the virulent pathogen challenge, recording a RPS of 100. These results suggest that DFPF has the potential to be used as an immunostimulating feed additive in finfish aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konda Subramanian Shalini
- VISTAS Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - Omita Yengkhom
- VISTAS Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - Parasuraman Aiya Subramani
- VISTAS Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India
| | - R Dinakaran Michael
- VISTAS Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, 600117, India.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity by a polysaccharide from Dictyophora indusiata in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:1158-1166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
44
|
Yang A, Fan H, Zhao Y, Chen X, Zhu Z, Zha X, Zhao Y, Chai X, Li J, Tu P, Hu Z. An immune-stimulating proteoglycan from the medicinal mushroom Huaier up-regulates NF-κB and MAPK signaling via Toll-like receptor 4. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:2628-2641. [PMID: 30602571 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) is a mushroom with a long history of use as a medicinal ingredient in China and exhibits good clinical efficacy in cancer management. However, the antitumor components of Huaier and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we isolated a proteoglycan with a molecular mass of ∼5.59 × 104 Da from Huaier aqueous extract. We named this proteoglycan TPG-1, and using FTIR and additional biochemical analyses, we determined that its total carbohydrate and protein compositions are 43.9 and 41.2%, respectively. Using biochemical assays and immunoblotting, we found that exposing murine RAW264.7 macrophages to TPG-1 promotes the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Of note, the TPG-1 treatment significantly inhibited the tumorigenesis of human hepatoma HepG2 cells likely at least in part by increasing serum levels of TNFα and promoting leukocyte infiltration into tumors in nude mice. TPG-1 also exhibited good antitumor activity in hepatoma H22-bearing mice and had no obvious adverse effects in these mice. We conclude that TPG-1 exerts antitumor activity partially through an immune-potentiating effect due to activation of the TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling cassette. Therefore, TPG-1 may be a promising candidate drug for cancer immunotherapy. This study has identified the TPG-1 proteoglycan as an antitumor agent and provided insights into TPG-1's molecular mechanism, suggesting a potential utility for applying this agent in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haitao Fan
- the College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100029, China, and
| | - Yanan Zhao
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaojun Zha
- the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yunfang Zhao
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xingyun Chai
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Li
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China,
| | - Zhongdong Hu
- From the Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North Third Ring Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jiang K, Guo S, Yang C, Yang J, Chen Y, Shaukat A, Zhao G, Wu H, Deng G. Barbaloin protects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the ROS-mediated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
46
|
Cao Y, Xu X, Liu S, Huang L, Gu J. Ganoderma: A Cancer Immunotherapy Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1217. [PMID: 30410443 PMCID: PMC6209820 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma is a significant source of natural fungal medicines and has been used for the treatment of various diseases for many years. However, the use of Ganoderma in cancer immunotherapy is poorly elucidated. In this study, we have analyzed 2,398 English-language papers and 6,968 Chinese-language papers published between 1987 and 2017 by using bibliometrics. A steady growth in the number of publications was observed before 2004, followed by an exponential increase between 2004 and 2017. The most common category for publications about Ganoderma was "Pharmacology & Pharmacy," in which immunomodulation (25.60%) and cancer treatment (21.40%) were the most popular subcategories. Moreover, we have provided an overview of the bioactive components and combinatorial immunomodulatory effects for the use of Ganoderma in the treatment of cancer, including the major pathways of immune cells. Immunomodulatory protein and polysaccharides are the key bioactive factors responsible for cancer immunotherapy, and the NF-κB and MAPK pathways are the most comprehensively investigated major pathways. Our results indicate that Ganoderma has a broad-spectrum application for the treatment of cancer through the regulation of the immune system. This review provides guidance for future research into the role of Ganoderma in cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shujing Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Linfang Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wu F, Zhou C, Zhou D, Ou S, Liu Z, Huang H. Immune-enhancing activities of chondroitin sulfate in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 198:611-619. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
48
|
Wang DD, Pan WJ, Mehmood S, Cheng XD, Chen Y. Polysaccharide isolated from Sarcodon aspratus induces RAW264.7 activity via TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1039-1047. [PMID: 30171950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our previous report showed that the novel polysaccharide SAP isolated from the fruiting bodies of Sarcodon aspratus induced Hela cells apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study we found that SAP enhanced immunostimulatory activities of RAW264.7 cells, which was characterized by increased the production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines and phagocytic. However, SAP-induced macrophage activation was abolished when Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling was blocked by anti-TLR4 antibodies. Moreover, according to the Western blot analysis and use of specific inhibitors against the MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) and NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), we speculated that SAP activated RAW264.7 cells through TLR4-mediated activation of NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. Thus, Sarcodon aspratus is a potential immunomodulator that can be used as healthcare food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wen-Juan Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | | | - Xiao-Du Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei 230601, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xiang Q, Yu Q, Wang H, Zhao M, Liu S, Nie S, Xie M. Immunomodulatory effect of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides on Th17/Treg balance. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
50
|
Lu Z, Chang L, Du Q, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wu X, Zhang J, Li R, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhao X, Tong D. Arctigenin Induces an Activation Response in Porcine Alveolar Macrophage Through TLR6-NOX2-MAPKs Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:475. [PMID: 29867481 PMCID: PMC5962800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin (ARG), one of the most active ingredients abstracted from seeds of Arctium lappa L., has been proved to exert promising biological activities such as immunomodulatory, anti-viral, and anti-cancer etc. However, the mechanism behind its immunomodulatory function still remains elusive to be further investigated. In this study, we found that ARG had no significant effects on the cell proliferation in both porcine alveolar macrophage cell line (3D4/21) and primary porcine derived alveolar macrophage. It remarkably increased the expression and secretion of the two cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) in a dose-dependent manner with the concomitant enhancement of phagocytosis, which are the indicators of macrophage activation. ARG also elevated the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by activating NOX2-based NADPH oxidase. Furthermore, inhibition of ROS generation by diphenyliodonium and apocynin significantly suppressed ARG-induced cytokine secretion and phagocytosis increase, indicating the requirement of ROS for the porcine alveolar macrophage activation. In addition, TLR6-My88 excitation, p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were all involved in the process. As blocking TLR6 receptor dramatically attenuated the NOX2 oxidase activation, cytokine secretion and phagocytosis increase. Inhibiting ROS generation almost abolished p38 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and the cytokine secretion could also be remarkably reduced by p38 and ERK1/2 inhibitors (SB203580 and UO126). Our finding gave a new insight of understanding that ARG could improve the immune-function of porcine alveolar macrophages through TLR6-NOX2 oxidase-MAPKs signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lingling Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xingchen Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruizhen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|