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Ding Y, Hou D, Yin Y, Chen K, He J, Yan S, Li H, Xiong Y, Zhou W, Li M. Genetic dissection of Brassica napus seed vigor after aging. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:141. [PMID: 38789698 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Stable and novel QTLs that affect seed vigor under different storage durations were discovered, and BnaOLE4, located in the interval of cqSW-C2-3, increased seed vigor after aging. Seed vigor is an important trait in crop breeding; however, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing this trait in rapeseed remain largely unknown. In the present study, vigor-related traits were analyzed in seeds from a doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed (Brassica napus) population grown in 2 different environments using seeds stored for 7, 5, and 3 years under natural storage conditions. A total of 229 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified and were found to explain 3.78%-17.22% of the phenotypic variance for seed vigor-related traits after aging. We further demonstrated that seed vigor-related traits were positively correlated with oil content (OC) but negatively correlated with unsaturated fatty acids (FAs). Some pleiotropic QTLs that collectively regulate OC, FAs, and seed vigor, such as uq.A8, uq.A3-2, uq.A9-2, and uq.C3-1, were identified. The transcriptomic results from extreme pools of DH lines with distinct seed vigor phenotypes during accelerated aging revealed that various biological pathways and metabolic processes (such as glutathione metabolism and reactive oxygen species) were involved in seed vigor. Through integration of QTL analysis and RNA-Seq, a regulatory network for the control of seed vigor was constructed. Importantly, a candidate (BnaOLE4) from cqSW-C2-3 was selected for functional analysis, and transgenic lines overexpressing BnaOLE4 showed increased seed vigor after artificial aging. Collectively, these results provide novel information on QTL and potential candidate genes for molecular breeding for improved seed storability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ding
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dalin Hou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yongtai Yin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuxiang Yan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaixin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiyi Xiong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weixian Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Bansal S, Sundararajan S, Shekhawat PK, Singh S, Soni P, Tripathy MK, Ram H. Rice lipases: a conundrum in rice bran stabilization: a review on their impact and biotechnological interventions. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:985-1003. [PMID: 37649880 PMCID: PMC10462582 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a primary food and is one of the most important constituents of diets all around the world. Rice bran is a valuable component of rice, containing many oil-soluble vitamins, minerals, and oil. It is known for its ability to improve the economic value of rice. Further, it contains substantial quantities of minerals like potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and antioxidants like tocopherols, tocotrienols, and γ-oryzanol, indicating that rice bran can be utilized effectively against several life-threatening disorders. It is difficult to fully utilize the necessary nutrients due to the presence of lipases in rice bran. These lipases break down lipids, specifically Triacylglycerol, into free fatty acids and glycerol. This review discusses physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, distribution, and activity of lipases in various components of rice seeds. The phylogenetic and gene expression analysis helped to understand the differential expression pattern of lipase genes at different growth phases of rice plant. Further, this review discusses various genetic and biotechnological approaches to decrease lipase activity in rice and other plants, which could potentially prevent the degradation of bran oil. The goal is to establish whether lipases are a major contributor to this issue and to develop rice varieties with improved bran stability. This information sets the stage for upcoming molecular research in this area. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01343-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Bansal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Mohali, 140306 India
| | - Sathish Sundararajan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | | | - Shivangi Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Praveen Soni
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur, 302004 India
| | - Manas K. Tripathy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Hasthi Ram
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
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Liang M, Ma L, Li X, Feng D, Zhang J, Sun Y. Identification and characterization of two types of triacylglycerol lipase genes from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:980-990. [PMID: 36379446 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerol lipases (TGLs) can catalyze the hydrolysis reaction of triacylglycerol serving multiple functions in most organisms. Based on the genomic and transcriptomic databases of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis, two TGL genes from N. denticulata sinensis designated NdTGL1 and NdTGL2 were identified and characterized. NdTGL1 showed the highest expression in the stomach, followed by the testis and hepatopancreas, and NdTGL2 exhibited the maximum expression in the hepatopancreas, followed by the stomach and heart. Under the stimulation of copper ion, the expression of NdTGL1 peaked at 12 h and the expression of NdTGL2 elevated significantly at 24 h after stimulation (P < 0.05). It is speculated that NdTGLs may play an important role in the stress response of N. denticulata sinensis. Challenged with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the expression profiles of NdTGL1 and NdTGL2 in the hepatopancreas was different, which indicates that the immune response of the V. parahaemolyticus challenge might lead to changes in triglyceride metabolism. The recombinant NdTGL (recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2) were obtained and the enzymatic characterization of recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were determined. The common maximum activity and stability of the recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were observed at 45 °C and 10 °C, respectively. Both recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 exhibited the highest activity at pH 10.0. Furthermore, the recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 displayed the maximum stability at pH 5.0 and pH 8.0, respectively. In presence of different metal ions, the enzyme activity of recNdTGL1 and recNdTGL2 were inhibited by Cu2+ and Zn2+, and decreased by about 25%. Studies on the triacylglycerol lipases of N. denticulata sinensis provide theoretical support for studies related to fat metabolism in crustaceans and studies on response mechanism of digestive enzymes to microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Liya Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Yuying Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
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Xu XJ, Geng C, Jiang SY, Zhu Q, Yan ZY, Tian YP, Li XD. A maize triacylglycerol lipase inhibits sugarcane mosaic virus infection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:754-771. [PMID: 35294544 PMCID: PMC9157127 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerol lipase (TGL) plays critical roles in providing energy for seed germination and plant development. However, the role of TGL in regulating plant virus infection is largely unknown. In this study, we adopted affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry and identified that a maize (Zea mays) pathogenesis-related lipase protein Z. mays TGL (ZmTGL) interacted with helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV). Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation imaging, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed that ZmTGL directly interacted with SCMV HC-Pro in vitro and in vivo. The 101-460 residues of SCMV HC-Pro were important for its interaction with ZmTGL. ZmTGL and SCMV HC-Pro co-localized at the mitochondria. Silencing of ZmTGL facilitated SCMV infection, and over-expression of ZmTGL reduced the RNA silencing suppression activity, most likely through reducing HC-Pro accumulation. Our results provided evidence that the lipase hydrolase activity of ZmTGL was associated with reducing HC-Pro accumulation, activation of salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defense response, and inhibition of SCMV infection. We show that ZmTGL inhibits SCMV infection by reducing HC-Pro accumulation and activating the SA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jie Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Chao Geng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shao-Yan Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yan-Ping Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
- Author for correspondence:
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Laboratory of Plant Virology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
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Ferreira D, Figueiredo J, Laureano G, Machado A, Arrabaça JD, Duarte B, Figueiredo A, Matos AR. Membrane remodelling and triacylglycerol accumulation in drought stress resistance: The case study of soybean phospholipases A. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:9-21. [PMID: 34741889 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is facing major constraints with the increase of global warming, being drought a major factor affecting productivity. Soybean (Glycine max) is among the most important food crops due to the high protein and lipid content of its seeds despite being considerably sensitive to drought. Previous knowledge has shown that drought induces a severe modulation in lipid and fatty acid content of leaves, related to alteration of membrane structure by lipolytic enzymes and activation of signalling pathways. In that sense, little is known on lipid modulation and lipolytic enzymes' role in soybean drought stress tolerance. In this work, we present for the first time, soybean leaves lipid content modulation in several drought stress levels, highlighting the involvement of phospholipases A. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the phospholipase A superfamily was performed, where 53 coding genes were identified and 7 were selected to gene expression analysis in order to elucidate their role in soybean lipid modulation under water deficit. Proportionally to the drought severity, our results revealed that galactolipids relative abundance and their content in linolenic acid decrease. At the same time an accumulation of neutral lipids, mainly due to triacylglycerol content increase, as well as their content in linolenic acid, is observed. Overall, PLA gene expression regulation and lipid modulation corroborate the hypothesis that phospholipases A may be channelling the plastidial fatty acids into extraplastidial lipids leading to a drought-induced accumulation of triacylglycerol in soybean leaves, a key feature to cope with water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferreira
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Figueiredo
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab, BioISI, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Laureano
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab, BioISI, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André Machado
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Daniel Arrabaça
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Grapevine Pathogen Systems Lab, BioISI, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Xu CJ, Zhao ML, Chen MS, Xu ZF. Silencing of the Ortholog of DEFECTIVE IN ANTHER DEHISCENCE 1 Gene in the Woody Perennial Jatropha curcas Alters Flower and Fruit Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238923. [PMID: 33255510 PMCID: PMC7727821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DEFECTIVE IN ANTHER DEHISCENCE 1 (DAD1), a phospholipase A1, utilizes galactolipids (18:3) to generate α-linolenic acid (ALA) in the initial step of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we isolated the JcDAD1 gene, an ortholog of Arabidopsis DAD1 in Jatropha curcas, and found that it is mainly expressed in the stems, roots, and male flowers of Jatropha. JcDAD1-RNAi transgenic plants with low endogenous jasmonate levels in inflorescences exhibited more and larger flowers, as well as a few abortive female flowers, although anther and pollen development were normal. In addition, fruit number was increased and the seed size, weight, and oil contents were reduced in the transgenic Jatropha plants. These results indicate that JcDAD1 regulates the development of flowers and fruits through the JA biosynthesis pathway, but does not alter androecium development in Jatropha. These findings strengthen our understanding of the roles of JA and DAD1 in the regulation of floral development in woody perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jia Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; (C.-J.X.); (M.-L.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei-Li Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; (C.-J.X.); (M.-L.Z.)
| | - Mao-Sheng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; (C.-J.X.); (M.-L.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- Correspondence: (M.-S.C.); (Z.-F.X.)
| | - Zeng-Fu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China; (C.-J.X.); (M.-L.Z.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China
- Correspondence: (M.-S.C.); (Z.-F.X.)
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Li X, Tieman D, Liu Z, Chen K, Klee HJ. Identification of a lipase gene with a role in tomato fruit short-chain fatty acid-derived flavor volatiles by genome-wide association. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:631-644. [PMID: 32786123 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid-derived volatile organic compounds (FA-VOCs) make significant contributions to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit flavor and human preferences. Short-chain FA-VOCs (C5 and C6) are among the most abundant and important volatile compounds in tomato fruits. The precursors of these volatiles, linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3), are derived from cleavage of glycerolipids. However, the initial step in synthesis of these FA-VOCs has not been established. A metabolite-based genome-wide association study combined with genetic mapping and functional analysis identified a gene encoding a novel class III lipase family member, Sl-LIP8, that is associated with accumulation of short-chain FA-VOCs in tomato fruit. In vitro assays indicated that Sl-LIP8 can cleave 18:2 and 18:3 acyl groups from glycerolipids. A CRISPR/Cas9 gene edited Sl-LIP8 mutant had much lower content of multiple fruit short-chain FA-VOCs, validating an important role for this enzyme in the pathway. Sl-LIP8 RNA abundance was correlated with FA-VOC content, consistent with transcriptional regulation of the first step in the pathway. Taken together, our work indicates that glycerolipid turnover by Sl-LIP8 is an important early step in the synthesis of multiple short-chain FA-VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zimeng Liu
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Harry J Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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Dervisi I, Valassakis C, Agalou A, Papandreou N, Podia V, Haralampidis K, Iconomidou VA, Kouvelis VN, Spaink HP, Roussis A. Investigation of the interaction of DAD1-LIKE LIPASE 3 (DALL3) with Selenium Binding Protein 1 (SBP1) in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110357. [PMID: 31928671 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase PLA1-Iγ2 or otherwise DAD1-LIKE LIPASE 3 (DALL3) is a member of class I phospholipases and has a role in JA biosynthesis. AtDALL3 was previously identified in a yeast two-hybrid screening as an interacting protein of the Arabidopsis Selenium Binding Protein 1 (SBP1). In this work, we have studied AtDALL3 as an interacting partner of the Arabidopsis Selenium Binding Protein 1 (SBP1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that DALL3 appears in the PLA1-Igamma1, 2 group, paired with PLA1-Igammma1. The highest level of expression of AtDALL3 was observed in 10-day-old roots and in flowers, while constitutive levels were maintained in seedlings, cotyledons, shoots and leaves. In response to abiotic stress, DALL3 was shown to participate in the network of genes regulated by cadmium, selenite and selenate compounds. DALL3 promoter driven GUS assays revealed that the expression patterns defined were overlapping with the patterns reported for AtSBP1 gene, indicating that DALL3 and SBP1 transcripts co-localize. Furthermore, quantitative GUS assays showed that these compounds elicited changes in activity in specific cells files, indicating the differential response of DALL3 promoter. GFP::DALL3 studies by confocal microscopy demonstrated the localization of DALL3 in the plastids of the root apex, the plastids of the central root and the apex of emerging lateral root primordia. Additionally, we confirmed by yeast two hybrid assays the physical interaction of DALL3 with SBP1 and defined a minimal SBP1 fragment that DALL3 binds to. Finally, by employing bimolecular fluorescent complementation we demonstrated the in planta interaction of the two proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dervisi
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Valassakis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Adamantia Agalou
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos Papandreou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Varvara Podia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Kosmas Haralampidis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki A Iconomidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Vassili N Kouvelis
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece
| | - Herman P Spaink
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Roussis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784, Athens, Greece.
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The interplay between membrane lipids and phospholipase A family members in grapevine resistance against Plasmopara viticola. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14538. [PMID: 30266912 PMCID: PMC6162203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is one of the most important diseases in modern viticulture. The search for sustainable disease control measure is of extreme importance, thus becoming imperative to fully characterize the mechanisms leading to an incompatible interaction. We have previously shown that lipid signalling events play an important role in grapevine's response to this pathogen, namely through changes in linolenic acid content, lipid peroxidation and jasmonic acid synthesis. Here, we have characterized the modulation of lipid metabolism in leaves from two V. vinifera cultivars (resistant and susceptible to P. viticola) in the first hours after pathogen inoculation. Prior to pathogen inoculation both genotypes present an inherently different fatty acid composition that is highly modulated in the resistant genotype after pathogen challenge. Such changes involve modulation of phospholipase A activity suggesting that the source of lipids mobilized upon pathogen infection are the chloroplast membranes. This work thus provides original evidence on the involvement of lipid signalling and phospholipases in grapevine immune responses to pathogen infection. The results are discussed considering the implications on the plant's physiological status and the use of discriminating lipid/fatty acids pattern in future selection procedures of cultivars.
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Garbowicz K, Liu Z, Alseekh S, Tieman D, Taylor M, Kuhalskaya A, Ofner I, Zamir D, Klee HJ, Fernie AR, Brotman Y. Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis Identifies a Prominent Gene Involved in the Production of Fatty Acid-Derived Flavor Volatiles in Tomato. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:1147-1165. [PMID: 29960108 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tomato, we conducted metabolic trait loci (mQTL) analysis following the lipidomic profiling of fruit pericarp and leaf tissue of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines (IL). To enhance mapping resolution for selected fruit-specific mQTL, we profiled the lipids in a subset of independently derived S. pennellii backcross inbred lines, as well as in a near-isogenic sub-IL population. We identified a putative lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase that controls the levels of several lipids, and two members of the class III lipase family, LIP1 and LIP2, that were associated with decreased levels of diacylglycerols (DAGs) and triacylglycerols (TAGs). Lipases of this class cleave fatty acids from the glycerol backbone of acylglycerols. The released fatty acids serve as precursors of flavor volatiles. We show that LIP1 expression correlates with fatty acid-derived volatile levels. We further confirm the function of LIP1 in TAG and DAG breakdown and volatile synthesis using transgenic plants. Taken together, our study extensively characterized the genetic architecture of lipophilic compounds in tomato and demonstrated at molecular level that release of free fatty acids from the glycerol backbone can have a major impact on downstream volatile synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Garbowicz
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Denise Tieman
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark Taylor
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Itai Ofner
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Dani Zamir
- Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Harry J Klee
- Horticultural Sciences, Plant Innovation Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel.
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An insight into plant lipase research – challenges encountered. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 95:13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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sPLA2 and PLA1: Secretory Phospholipase A2 and Phospholipase A1 in Plants. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-42011-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Zienkiewicz A, Zienkiewicz K, Rejón JD, Rodríguez-García MI, Castro AJ. New insights into the early steps of oil body mobilization during pollen germination. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:293-302. [PMID: 23132905 PMCID: PMC3528035 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In some plants, pollen grains accumulate storage lipids that serve as energy supply during germination. Here, three enzymes involved in early steps of oil body mobilization in the male gametophyte were functionally characterized for the first time. The effect of extracellular sugars on pollen performance and oil body dynamics was also analysed. Olive pollen oil bodies showed phospholipase A, lipase, and lipoxygenase activities on their surface. Enzyme activity levels increased during germination with a maximum after 3h. Removal of extracellular sugars from the germination medium did not affect pollen performance but increased enzyme activity rates and sped up oil body mobilization. Inhibitors seriously hampered pollen germination and pollen tube growth, leading to a characteristic accumulation of oil bodies in the germinative aperture. It can be concluded that storage lipids are sufficient for proper olive pollen germination. A lipase and a lipoxygenase are likely involved in oil body mobilization. Extracellular sugars may modulate their function, while a phospholipase A may promote their access to the storage lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Zienkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87–100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zienkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87–100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Juan David Rejón
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María Isabel Rodríguez-García
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 18008 Granada, Spain
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Vijayakumar KR, Gowda LR. Temporal expression profiling of lipase during germination and rice caryopsis development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2012; 57:245-253. [PMID: 22763092 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipolytic enzymes play an important role in plant growth and development. In order to identify their functional roles, the temporal expression profiling of lipase was carried out during rice seed germination, growth and development of caryopsis. Changes in specific activities during germination revealed that the lipolytic activity increased significantly until the end of germination. As the lipase activity increased, two different lipase species were observed, which were designated as Lipase-I and Lipase-II based on their relative mobility. Lipase-II was active during germination. Lipase-I was responsible for lipid mobilization, a requirement for the growth of root and shoot. In comparison with the endosperm, the lipolytic activity in roots was three fold higher. During rice caryopsis development, the lipolytic activity increased gradually from initial panicle development and reached maximum as the grain dried to harvest maturity. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that the Lipase-II was a stage specific expressing gene during reproductive growth. The transcript level of Lipase-II reached maximum with completion of germination, then decreased and remained stable during post-germinative growth. During caryopsis development, Lipase-II is predominantly expressed in the developing seeds. The transcript abundance increased gradually during initial stages of development and reached a maximum until seed maturation. The results implicate that the dynamic changes in the enzyme activity of the two isoforms of lipase and gene expression patterns are associated with the energy reserve mobilization during seed germination and reproductive growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Vijayakumar
- Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.
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15
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Boyle NR, Page MD, Liu B, Blaby IK, Casero D, Kropat J, Cokus SJ, Hong-Hermesdorf A, Shaw J, Karpowicz SJ, Gallaher SD, Johnson S, Benning C, Pellegrini M, Grossman A, Merchant SS. Three acyltransferases and nitrogen-responsive regulator are implicated in nitrogen starvation-induced triacylglycerol accumulation in Chlamydomonas. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:15811-25. [PMID: 22403401 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.334052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae have recently gained attention as a potential source for biodiesel; however, much is still unknown about the biological triggers that cause the production of triacylglycerols. We used RNA-Seq as a tool for discovering genes responsible for triacylglycerol (TAG) production in Chlamydomonas and for the regulatory components that activate the pathway. Three genes encoding acyltransferases, DGAT1, DGTT1, and PDAT1, are induced by nitrogen starvation and are likely to have a role in TAG accumulation based on their patterns of expression. DGAT1 and DGTT1 also show increased mRNA abundance in other TAG-accumulating conditions (minus sulfur, minus phosphorus, minus zinc, and minus iron). Insertional mutants, pdat1-1 and pdat1-2, accumulate 25% less TAG compared with the parent strain, CC-4425, which demonstrates the relevance of the trans-acylation pathway in Chlamydomonas. The biochemical functions of DGTT1 and PDAT1 were validated by rescue of oleic acid sensitivity and restoration of TAG accumulation in a yeast strain lacking all acyltransferase activity. Time course analyses suggest than a SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein domain transcription factor, whose mRNA increases precede that of lipid biosynthesis genes like DGAT1, is a candidate regulator of the nitrogen deficiency responses. An insertional mutant, nrr1-1, accumulates only 50% of the TAG compared with the parental strain in nitrogen-starvation conditions and is unaffected by other nutrient stresses, suggesting the specificity of this regulator for nitrogen-deprivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette R Boyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Rice phospholipase A superfamily: organization, phylogenetic and expression analysis during abiotic stresses and development. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30947. [PMID: 22363522 PMCID: PMC3281901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phospholipase A (PLA) is an important group of enzymes responsible for phospholipid hydrolysis in lipid signaling. PLAs have been implicated in abiotic stress signaling and developmental events in various plants species. Genome-wide analysis of PLA superfamily has been carried out in dicot plant Arabidopsis. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of PLAs has not been presented yet in crop plant rice. Methodology/Principal Findings A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identified a total of 31 PLA encoding genes in the rice genome, which are divided into three classes; phospholipase A1 (PLA1), patatin like phospholipases (pPLA) and low molecular weight secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) based on their sequences and phylogeny. A subset of 10 rice PLAs exhibited chromosomal duplication, emphasizing the role of duplication in the expansion of this gene family in rice. Microarray expression profiling revealed a number of PLA members expressing differentially and significantly under abiotic stresses and reproductive development. Comparative expression analysis with Arabidopsis PLAs revealed a high degree of functional conservation between the orthologs in two plant species, which also indicated the vital role of PLAs in stress signaling and plant development across different plant species. Moreover, sub-cellular localization of a few candidates suggests their differential localization and functional role in the lipid signaling. Conclusion/Significance The comprehensive analysis and expression profiling would provide a critical platform for the functional characterization of the candidate PLA genes in crop plants.
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Kim EY, Seo YS, Kim WT. AtDSEL, an Arabidopsis cytosolic DAD1-like acylhydrolase, is involved in negative regulation of storage oil mobilization during seedling establishment. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 168:1705-9. [PMID: 21477884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization of seed storage reserves is essential for seed germination and seedling establishment. Here, we report that AtDSEL, an Arabidopsis thalianaDAD1-like Seedling Establishment-related Lipase, is involved in the mobilization of storage oils for early seedling establishment. AtDSEL is a cytosolic member of the DAD1-like acylhydrolase family encoded by At4g18550. Bacterially expressed AtDSEL preferentially hydrolyzed 1,3-diacylglycerol and 1-monoacylglycerol, suggesting that AtDSEL is an sn-1-specific lipase. AtDSEL-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis plants (35S:AtDSEL) were defective in post-germinative seedling growth in medium without an exogenous carbon source. This phenotype was rescued by the addition of sucrose to the growth medium. In contrast, loss-of-function mutant plants (atdsel-1 and atdsel-2) had a mildly fast-growing phenotype regardless of the presence of an exogenous carbon source. Electron microscopy revealed that 5-day-old 35S:AtDSEL cotyledons retained numerous peroxisomes and oil bodies, which were exhausted in wild-type and mutant cotyledons. The impaired seedling establishment of 35S:AtDSEL was not rescued by the addition of an exogenous fatty acid source, and 35S:AtDSEL seedling growth was insensitive to 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid, indicating that β-oxidation was blocked in AtDSEL-overexpressers. These results suggest that AtDSEL is involved in the negative regulation of seedling establishment by inhibiting the breakdown of storage oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yu Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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Wang L, Zi XD, Zhong JC. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Defender Against Cell Death 1 Gene Homologue in Yak (Bos grunniens). JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2010.10539514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Matos AR, Pham-Thi AT. Lipid deacylating enzymes in plants: old activities, new genes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2009; 47:491-503. [PMID: 19324564 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Because lipids are major components of cellular membranes, their degradation under stress conditions compromises compartmentalization. However, in addition to having structural roles, membrane lipids are also implicated in signalling processes involving the activity of lipolytic enzymes. Phospholipases D and C, acting on the polar heads of phospholipids, have been relatively well characterized in plants. In contrast, knowledge of lipid deacylating enzymes remains limited. Lipid acyl hydrolases (LAH) are able to hydrolyse both fatty acid moieties of polar lipids. They differ from phospholipases A(1) or A(2) (PLA) acting on sn-1 or sn-2 positions of phospholipids, respectively, as well as from lipases which de-esterify triacylglycerols. The free polyunsaturated fatty acids generated by deacylating enzymes can be used in the biosynthesis of oxylipins and the lysophospholipids, provided by PLAs, are also bioactive molecules. In the four decades that have passed since the first description of LAH activities in plants some enzymes have been purified. In recent years, the widespread use of molecular approaches together with the attention paid to lipid signalling has contributed to a renewed interest in LAH and has led to the identification of different gene families and the characterization of new enzymes. Additionally, several proteins with putative lipase/esterase signatures have been identified. In the present paper we review currently available data on LAHs, PLAs, triacylglycerol lipases and other putative deacylating enzymes. The roles of lipid deacylating enzymes in plant growth, development and stress responses are discussed in the context of their involvement in membrane deterioration, lipid turnover and cellular signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Matos
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Mosblech A, Feussner I, Heilmann I. Oxylipins: structurally diverse metabolites from fatty acid oxidation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2009; 47:511-7. [PMID: 19167233 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins are lipophilic signaling molecules derived from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Initial fatty acid oxidation occurs mainly by the enzymatic or chemical formation of fatty acid hydroperoxides. An array of alternative reactions further converting fatty acid hydroperoxides gives rise to a multitude of oxylipin classes, many with reported signaling functions in plants. Oxylipins include the phytohormone, jasmonic acid, and a number of other molecules including hydroxy-, oxo- or keto-fatty acids or volatile aldehydes that may perform various biological roles as second messengers, messengers in inter-organismic signaling, or even as bactericidal agents. The structural diversity of oxylipins is further increased by esterification of the compounds in plastidial glycolipids, for instance the Arabidopsides, or by conjugation of oxylipins to amino acids or other metabolites. The enzymes involved in oxylipin metabolism are diverse and comprise a multitude of examples with interesting and unusual catalytic properties. In addition, the interplay of different subcellular compartments during oxylipin biosynthesis suggests complex mechanisms of regulation that are not well understood. This review aims at giving an overview of plant oxylipins and the multitude of enzymes responsible for their biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Mosblech
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Quettier AL, Eastmond PJ. Storage oil hydrolysis during early seedling growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2009; 47:485-90. [PMID: 19136267 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Revised: 12/05/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Storage oil breakdown plays an important role in the life cycle of many plants by providing the carbon skeletons that support seedling growth immediately following germination. This metabolic process is initiated by lipases (EC: 3.1.1.3), which catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) to release free fatty acids and glycerol. A number of lipases have been purified to near homogeneity from seed tissues and analysed for their in vitro activities. Furthermore, several genes encoding lipases have been cloned and characterised from plants. However, only recently has data been presented to establish the molecular identity of a lipase that has been shown to be required for TAG breakdown in seeds. In this review we briefly outline the processes of TAG synthesis and breakdown. We then discuss some of the biochemical literature on seed lipases and describe the cloning and characterisation of a lipase called SUGAR-DEPENDENT1, which is required for TAG breakdown in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Quettier
- Warwick HRI, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwickshire, United Kingdom
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Moharikar S, D'Souza JS, Rao BJ. A homologue of the defender against the apoptotic death gene (dad1 )in UV-exposed Chlamydomonas cells is downregulated with the onset of programmed cell death. J Biosci 2008; 32:261-70. [PMID: 17435318 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-007-0026-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We report here the isolation of a homologue of the potential anti-apoptotic gene, defender against apoptotic death (dad1 )from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells.Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR),we investigated its expression in the execution process of programmed cell death (PCD)in UV-C exposed dying C.reinhardtii cells.Reverse- transcriptase (RT)-PCR showed that C.reinhardtii dad1 amplification was drastically reduced in UV-C exposed dying C.reinhardtii cells.We connect the downregulation of dad1 with the upregulation of apoptosis protease activating factor-1 (APAF-1)and the physiological changes that occur in C.reinhardtii cells upon exposure to 12 J/m 2 UV-C in order to show a reciprocal relationship between proapoptotic and inhibitor of apoptosis factors.The temporal changes indicate a correlation between the onset of cell death and dad1 downregulation.The sequence of the PCR product of the cDNA encoding the dad1 homologue was aligned with the annotated dad1 (C_20215)from the Chlamydomonas database (http://genome.jgi-psf.org:8080/annotator/servlet/jgi.annotation.Annotation?pDb=chlre2); Annotation?pDb=chlre2 );this sequence was found to show 100% identity,both at the nucleotide and amino acid level. The 327 bp transcript showed an open reading frame of 87 amino acid residues.The deduced amino acid sequence of the putative C.reinhardtii DAD1 homologue showed 54% identity with Oryza sativa, 56 identity with Drosophila melanogaster, 66% identity with Xenopus laevis, and 64% identity with Homo sapiens,Sus scrofa,Gallus gallus,Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Moharikar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005
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Seo YS, Kim EY, Mang HG, Kim WT. Heterologous expression, and biochemical and cellular characterization of CaPLA1 encoding a hot pepper phospholipase A1 homolog. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 53:895-908. [PMID: 18036200 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2007.03380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipid signaling has been recently implicated in diverse cellular processes in higher plants. We identified a cDNA encoding the phospholipase A1 homolog (CaPLA1) from 5-day-old early roots of hot pepper. The deduced amino acid sequence showed that the lipase-specific catalytic triad is well conserved in CaPLA1. In vitro lipase assays and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that CaPLA1 possesses PLA1 activity, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids at the sn-1 position. CaPLA1 was selectively expressed in young roots, at days 4-5 after germination, and rapidly declined thereafter, suggesting that the expression of CaPLA1 is subject to control by a development-specific mechanism in roots. Because transgenic work was extremely difficult in hot peppers, in this study we overexpressed CaPLA1 in Arabidopsis so as to provide cellular information on the function of this gene. CaPLA1 overexpressors had significantly longer roots, leaves and petioles, and grew more rapidly than the wild-type plants, leading to an early bolting phenotype with prolonged inflorescence. Microscopic analysis showed that the vegetative tissues of 35S:CaPLA1 plants contained an increased number of small-sized cells, which resulted in highly populated cell layers. In addition, mRNAs for cell cycle-controlled proteins and fatty acid catabolizing enzymes were coordinately upregulated in CaPLA1-overexpressing plants. These results suggest that CaPLA1 is functionally relevant in heterologous Arabidopsis cells, and hence might participate in a subset of positive control mechanisms of cell and tissue growth in transgenic lines. We discuss possible biochemical and cellular functions of CaPLA1 in relation to the phospholipid signaling pathway in hot pepper and transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sam Seo
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Hong JK, Choi HW, Hwang IS, Kim DS, Kim NH, Choi DS, Kim YJ, Hwang BK. Function of a novel GDSL-type pepper lipase gene, CaGLIP1, in disease susceptibility and abiotic stress tolerance. PLANTA 2008; 227:539-58. [PMID: 17929052 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-007-0637-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 09/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
GDSL-type lipase is a hydrolytic enzyme whose amino acid sequence contains a pentapeptide motif (Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly) with active serine (Ser). Pepper GDSL-type lipase (CaGLIP1) gene was isolated and functionally characterized from pepper leaf tissues infected by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv). The CaGLIP1 protein was located in the vascular tissues of Arabidopsis root. The CaGLIP1 gene was preferentially expressed in pepper leaves during the compatible interaction with Xcv. Treatment with salicylic acid, ethylene and methyl jasmonate induced CaGLIP1 gene expression in pepper leaves. Sodium nitroprusside, methyl viologen, high salt, mannitol-mediated dehydration and wounding also induced early and transient CaGLIP1 expression in pepper leaf tissues. Virus-induced gene silencing of CaGLIP1 in pepper conferred enhanced resistance to Xcv, accompanied by the suppressed expression of basic PR1 (CaBPR1) and defensin (CaDEF1) genes. The CaGLIP1 lipase produced in Escherichia coli hydrolyzed the substrates of short and long chain nitrophenyl esters. The CaGLIP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis exhibited enhanced hydrolytic activity toward short and long chain nitrophenyl ester, as well as enhanced susceptibility to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and the biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica. SA-induced expression of AtPR1 and AtGST1, also was delayed in CaGLIP1-overexpressing plants by SA application. During seed germination and plant growth, the CaGLIP1 transgenic plants showed drought tolerance and differential expression of drought- and abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible genes AtRD29A, AtADH and AtRab18. ABA treatment differentially regulated seed germination and gene expression in wild-type and CaGLIP1 transgenic Arabidopsis. Overexpression of CaGLIP1 also regulated glucose- and oxidative stress signaling. Together, these results indicate that CaGLIP1 modulates disease susceptibility and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeum Kyu Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Pathology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
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Abstract
Storage oil mobilization starts with the onset of seed germination. Oil bodies packed with triacylglycerol (TAG) exist in close proximity with glyoxysomes, the single membrane-bound organelles that house most of the biochemical machinery required to convert fatty acids derived from TAG to 4-carbon compounds. The 4-carbon compounds in turn are converted to soluble sugars that are used to fuel seedling growth. Biochemical analysis over the last 50 years has identified the main pathways involved in this process, including beta-oxidation, the glyoxylate cycle, and gluconeogenesis. In the last few years molecular genetic dissection of the overall process in the model oilseed species Arabidopsis has provided new insight into its complexity, particularly with respect to the specific role played by individual enzymatic steps and the subcellular compartmentalization of the glyoxylate cycle. Both abscisic acid (ABA) and sugars inhibit storage oil mobilization and a substantial degree of the control appears to operate at the transcriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5YW, United Kingdom.
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Quecini V, Torres GA, Rosa Jr VED, Gimenes MA, Machado JBDM, Figueira AVDO, Benedito V, Targon MLP, Cristofani-Yaly M. In silico analysis of phytohormone metabolism and communication pathways in citrus transcriptome. Genet Mol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572007000500002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos A. Gimenes
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brazil
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Poxleitner M, Rogers SW, Lacey Samuels A, Browse J, Rogers JC. A role for caleosin in degradation of oil-body storage lipid during seed germination. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 47:917-33. [PMID: 16961733 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02845.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Caleosin is a Ca(2+)-binding oil-body surface protein. To assess its role in the degradation of oil-bodies, two independent insertion mutants lacking caleosin were studied. Both mutants demonstrated significant delay of breakdown of the 20:1 storage lipid at 48 and 60 h of germination. Additionally, although germination rates for seeds were not affected by the mutations, mutant seedlings grew more slowly than wild type when measured at 48 h of germination, a defect that was corrected with continued growth for 72 and 96 h in the light. After 48 h of germination, wild-type central vacuoles had smooth contours and demonstrated internalization of oil bodies and of membrane containing alpha- and delta-tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), markers for protein storage vacuoles. In contrast, mutant central vacuoles had distorted limiting membranes displaying domains with clumps of the two TIPs, and they contained fewer oil bodies. Thus, during germination caleosin plays a role in the degradation of storage lipid in oil bodies. Its role involves both the normal modification of storage vacuole membrane and the interaction of oil bodies with vacuoles. The results indicate that interaction of oil bodies with vacuoles is one mechanism that contributes to the degradation of storage lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Poxleitner
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
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28
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Eastmond PJ. SUGAR-DEPENDENT1 encodes a patatin domain triacylglycerol lipase that initiates storage oil breakdown in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. THE PLANT CELL 2006; 18:665-75. [PMID: 16473965 PMCID: PMC1383641 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.105.040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerol hydrolysis (lipolysis) plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of many plants by providing the carbon skeletons and energy that drive postgerminative growth. Despite the physiological importance of this process, the molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, a genetic screen has been used to identify Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that exhibit a postgerminative growth arrest phenotype, which can be rescued by providing sugar. Seventeen sugar-dependent (sdp) mutants were isolated, and six represent new loci. Triacylglycerol hydrolase assays showed that sdp1, sdp2, and sdp3 seedlings are deficient specifically in the lipase activity that is associated with purified oil bodies. Map-based cloning of SDP1 revealed that it encodes a protein with a patatin-like acyl-hydrolase domain. SDP1 shares this domain with yeast triacylglycerol lipase 3 and human adipose triglyceride lipase. In vitro assays confirmed that recombinant SDP1 hydrolyzes triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols but not monoacylglycerols, phospholipids, galactolipids, or cholesterol esters. SDP1 is expressed predominantly in developing seeds, and a SDP1-green fluorescent protein fusion was shown to associate with the oil body surface in vivo. These data shed light on the mechanism of lipolysis in plants and establish that a central component is evolutionarily conserved among eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Eastmond
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York YO10 5YW, United Kingdom.
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El-Kouhen K, Blangy S, Ortiz E, Gardies AM, Ferté N, Arondel V. Identification and characterization of a triacylglycerol lipase in Arabidopsis homologous to mammalian acid lipases. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:6067-73. [PMID: 16226259 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2005] [Revised: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TAG) lipases have been thoroughly characterized in mammals and microorganisms. By contrast, very little is known on plant TAG lipases. An Arabidopsis cDNA called AtLip1 (At2g15230), which exhibits strong homology to lysosomal acid lipase, was found to drive the synthesis of an active TAG lipase when expressed in the baculovirus system. The lipase had a maximal activity at pH 6 and the specific activity was estimated to be about 45 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) protein using triolein as a substrate. Knock-out mutant analysis showed no phenotype during germination indicating that this enzyme is fully dispensable for TAG storage breakdown during germination. Northern blot analyses indicated that the transcript is present in all tissues tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim El-Kouhen
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie Interfaciale et de Physiologie de la Lipolyse (EIPL), CNRS UPR 9025, Université de la Méditerranée Aix-Marseille II, Inst. Biologie Struct. and Micro., 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille cedex 20, France
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