1
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Liu XY, Zheng HW, Wang FZ, Atia TW, Fan B, Wang Q. Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38973219 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), based on various pathogenic symptoms and the 'golden chamber' medical text, Huangdi Neijing, diabetes mellitus falls under the category 'collateral disease'. TCM, with its wealth of experience, has been treating diabetes for over two millennia. Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines reduce blood sugar, with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages. As well as a glucose lowering effect, TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications, with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs. Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals. These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body, eventually achieving the goal of normalizing blood glucose. Using different animal models, a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology, dose-effect relationship, and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its constituents. Further research into the efficacy, toxicity and mode of action of TCM, using different metabolic and molecular markers, is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Wen Zheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Feng-Zhong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tul-Wahab Atia
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bei Fan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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2
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Jia L, Zhang M, Wang P, Wang L, Lei P, Du R, Han L, Zhang P, Wang Y, Jiang M. Alismatis Rhizoma methanolic extract—Effects on metabolic syndrome and mechanisms of triterpenoids using a metabolomic and lipidomic approach. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:983428. [PMID: 36160458 PMCID: PMC9500195 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.983428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alismatis rhizoma is a traditional Chinese medicine. Studies have demonstrated that Alismatis rhizoma also has therapeutic effects on metabolic syndrome. However, the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanism are still unclear. First, UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS was used to detect the chemical components of the Alismatis rhizoma extract, and 31 triterpenoids and 2 sesquiterpenes were preliminarily identified. Then, to investigate the mechanism of the Alismatis rhizoma extract on metabolic syndrome, a mouse model of metabolic syndrome induced by high-fructose drinks was established. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and UA after the Alismatis rhizoma extract treatment were markedly decreased. 1H-NMR was used to conduct non-targeted metabolomics studies. A total of 20 differential metabolites were associated with high-fructose–induced metabolic syndrome, which were mainly correlated with 11 metabolic pathways. Moreover, UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap MS lipidomics analysis found that a total of 53 differential lipids were screened out. The results showed that Alismatis rhizoma extract mainly reduces the synthesis of glycerophospholipid and ceramide and improves the secretion of bile acid. This study shows that the Alismatis rhizoma extract can treat metabolic syndrome mainly by inhibiting energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and regulating bile acid to reduce phospholipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruijiao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Miaomiao Jiang,
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3
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Yang F, Kim M, Gu L, Li L, Yang L, Wang Z. Stimulation quantification of four natural lipase inhibitors from Alismatis Rhizoma by high-performance thin-layer chromatography method. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-022-00152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chang XY, Wu JS, Zhang FQ, Li ZZ, Jin WY, Wang JX, Wang WH, Shi Y. A Strategy for Screening the Lipid-Lowering Components in Alismatis Rhizoma Decoction Based on Spectrum-Effect Analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:2363242. [PMID: 35028165 PMCID: PMC8752264 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2363242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma decoction (ARD), comprised of Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale (Sam.) Sam and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. at a ratio of 5 : 2, is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula with successful clinical hypolipidemic effect. This paper aimed to explore the major bioactive compounds and potential mechanism of ARD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia on the basis of spectrum-effect analysis and molecular docking. Nine ARD samples with varying ratios of the constituent herbs were prepared and analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS to obtain the chemical spectra. Then, the lipid-lowering ability of the nine samples was tested in an oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation model in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). Grey relational analysis and partial least squares regression analysis were then performed to determine the correlation between the chemical spectrums and lipid-lowering efficacies of ARD. The potential mechanisms of the effective compounds were investigated by docking with the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) protein. The results indicated that alisol B 23-acetate, alisol C 23-acetate, and alisol B appeared to be the core effective components on hyperlipidemia in ARD. Molecular docking further demonstrated that all three compounds could bind to FXR and were potential FXR agonists for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This study elucidated the effective components and potential molecular mechanism of action of ARD for treating hyperlipidemia from a perspective of different compatibility, providing a new and feasible reference for the research of TCM formulas such as ARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jia-Shuo Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fang-Qing Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei-Yi Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jing-Xun Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | - Yue Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Chen X, Liu H. Alisol A Inhibited the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Inhibiting the Hippo Signaling Pathway. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:895-902. [PMID: 34558868 PMCID: PMC8470560 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.10.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Alisol A is a bioactive triterpenoid isolated from the Rhizoma Alismatis. Previous studies have shown that alisol A has anticancer potential. In this study, we explored the effect of alisol A on the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, wound healing assay, and western blotting were used to assess cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and protein expression, respectively, in vitro. AutoDock Vina and Discovery Studio software were used for molecular docking. RESULTS Alisol A inhibited the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells. The molecular docking simulation assay confirmed that alisol A bound to YAP protein. In addition, alisol A promoted the phosphorylation of YAP and suppressed the expression of YAP in NPC cells. CONCLUSION Alisol A inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway. Alisol A may be a candidate drug for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei, China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei, China.
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Qin W, Ying W, Hamaker B, Zhang G. Slow digestion-oriented dietary strategy to sustain the secretion of GLP-1 for improved glucose homeostasis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5173-5196. [PMID: 34350681 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated glucose metabolism is associated with many chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and strategies to restore and maintain glucose homeostasis are essential to health. The incretin hormone of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is known to play a critical role in regulating glucose homeostasis and dietary nutrients are the primary stimuli to the release of intestinal GLP-1. However, the GLP-1 producing enteroendocrine L-cells are mainly distributed in the distal region of the gastrointestinal tract where there are almost no nutrients to stimulate the secretion of GLP-1 under normal situations. Thus, a dietary strategy to sustain the release of GLP-1 was proposed, and the slow digestion property and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activity of food components, approaches to reduce the rate of food digestion, and mechanisms to sustain the release of GLP-1 were reviewed. A slow digestion-oriented dietary approach through encapsulation of nutrients, incorporation of viscous dietary fibers, and enzyme inhibitors of phytochemicals in a designed whole food matrix will be implemented to efficiently reduce the digestion rate of food nutrients, potentiate their distal deposition and a sustained secretion of GLP-1, which will be beneficial to improved glucose homeostasis and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bruce Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Genyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Yang F, Gu L, Han Z, Wang Z. Rapid screening for natural lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale combining high-performance thin-layer chromatography-bioautography with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1170:122599. [PMID: 33713950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipase inhibitors are an attractive class of hypolipidemic compounds, which inhibit the activity of human pancreatic lipase, thereby preventing the absorption of triglycerides in vivo. As a library of promising lead compounds for drug development, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained growing attention in quick discovery and identification of enzyme inhibitors of natural-origin. The purpose of this work was to discover unknown lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale by the activity oriented analysis method thin-layer chromatography-bioautography, then use electrospray ionization mass spectrometry technology via the elution based TLC-MS interface to identify their structures. As a result, eleven natural lipase inhibitors from Alisma orientale extracts were identified based on molecular mass and fragment ions obtained by HPTLC-MS, and further confirmed by a series of complementary means including UV spectra, 1H NMR characteristic proton signals and polarity of compounds, eleven lipase inhibitors were tentatively assigned as triterpenoids: alisol B (m/z 495.50 [M + Na]+), alisol B 23-acetate (m/z 537.58 [M + Na]+), 11-deoxy-alisol B (m/z 479.50 [M + Na]+), 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate (m/z 521.50 [M + Na]+), alisol A/epialisol A (m/z 513.50 [M + Na]+), 16-oxo-11-deoxy-alisol A (m/z 511.50 [M + Na]+), 16-oxo-alisol A (527.50 [M + Na] +), alisol C (m/z 509.58 [M + Na]+), alisol C 23-acetate (m/z 551.50 [M + Na]+), alisol M 23-acetate (m/z 567.50 [M + Na]+), and alismanol Q/neoalisol (m/z 493.42 [M + Na]+). The integrated approach is an efficient method for rapid screening lipase inhibitors from complex plant extracts and provides a reasonable and favorable basis for the identification and separation of other enzymatic system and other important compounds with therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhuzhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, China.
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8
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Alismatis Rhizoma Triterpenes Alleviate High-Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle of Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8857687. [PMID: 33623531 PMCID: PMC7875633 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8857687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alismatis rhizoma (AR), which is the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. (Alismataceae), is an important component of many famous Chinese formulas for hypoglycemic. This study aimed to evaluate the insulin resistance (IR) alleviating effects of AR triterpenes (ART) and ART component compatibility (ARTC, the mixture of 16-oxo-alisol A, 16-oxo-alisol A 23-acetate, 16-oxo-alisol A 24-acetate, alisol C, alisol C 23-acetate, alisol L, alisol A, alisol A 23-acetate, alisol A 24-acetate, alisol L 23-acetate, alisol B, alisol B 23-acetate, 11-deoxy-alisol B and 11-deoxy-alisol B 23-acetate) in high-fat diet-induced IR mice and plamitate-treated IR C2C12 cells, respectively. A dose of 200 mg/kg of ART was orally administered to IR mice, and different doses (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) of ARTC groups were treated to IR C2C12 cells. IPGTT, IPITT, body weight, Hb1AC, FFA, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IR-associated gene expression (p-AMPK, p-IRS-1, PI3K, p-AKT, p-JNK, and GLUT4) were measured in IR mice. Glucose uptake, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IR-associated gene expression were also measured in IR C2C12 cells. Results showed that ART alleviated high-fat diet-induced IR in the skeletal muscle of mice, and this finding was further validated by ARTC. This study demonstrated that ART presented a notable IR alleviating effect by regulating IR-associated gene expression, and triterpenes were the material basis for the IR alleviating activity of AR.
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9
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Identifying selective agonists targeting LXRβ from terpene compounds of alismatis rhizoma. J Mol Model 2021; 27:91. [PMID: 33616795 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04699-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is thought of as an important contributor to coronary disease, diabetes, and fatty liver. Liver X receptor β (LXRβ) was considered as a validated target for hyperlipidemia therapy due to its role in regulating cholesterol homeostasis and immunity. However, many current drugs applied in clinics are not selectively targeting LXRβ, and they can also activate LXRα which activates SREBP-1c that worked as an activator of lipogenic genes. Therefore, exploiting agonists selectively targeting LXRβ is urgent. Here, computational tools were used to screen potential agonists selectively targeting LXRβ from 112 terpenes of alismatis rhizoma. Firstly, a structural analysis between selective and nonselective agonists was used to explore key residues of selective binding with LXRβ. Our data indicated that Phe271, Ser278, Met312, His435, and Trp457 were important to compounds binding with LXRβ, suggesting that engaging ligand interaction with these residues may provide directions for the development of ligands with improved selective profiles. Then, ADMET analysis, molecular docking, MD simulations, and calculation of binding free energy and its decomposition were executed to screen the agonists whose bioactivity was favorable from 112 terpenes of alismatis rhizoma. We found that two triterpenes 16-hydroxy-alisol B 23-acetate and alisol M 23-acetate showed favorable ADMET properties and high binding affinity against LXRβ. These compounds could be considered as promising selective agonists targeting LXRβ. Our work provides an alternative strategy for screening agonists selectively targeting LXRβ from alismatis rhizoma for hyperlipidemia disease treatment.
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10
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Wang L, Li S, Li J, Cheng Z, Feng Y, Ouyang H, Du Z, Jiang H. Comprehensive metabolic profiling of Alismatis Rhizoma triterpenes in rats based on characteristic ions and a triterpene database. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:96-107. [PMID: 33717616 PMCID: PMC7930639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma (AR) is widely used in Chinese medicine, and its major bioactive components, triterpenes, reportedly possess various pharmacological activities. Therefore, it is very important to study the metabolism of triterpenes in vivo. However, the metabolism of AR triterpene extract has not been comprehensively elucidated due to its complex chemical components and metabolic pathways. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method, which was based on the characteristic ions from an established database of known triterpenes, was used to analyze the major metabolites in rats following the oral administration of Alismatis Rhizoma extracts (ARE). As a result, a total of 233 constituents, with 85 prototype compounds and 148 metabolites, were identified for the first time. Hydrogenation, oxidation, sulfate and glucuronidation conjugation were the major metabolic pathways for triterpenes in AR. In addition, the mutual in vivo transformation of known ARE triterpenes was discovered and confirmed for the first time. Those results provide comprehensive insights into the metabolism of AR in vivo, which will be useful for future studies on its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, this established strategy may be useful in metabolic studies of similar compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongzhe Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Liu W, Li Y, Xiong X, Chen Y, Qiao L, Wang J, Su X, Chu F, Liu H. Traditional Chinese medicine protects against hypertensive kidney injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats by targeting transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110746. [PMID: 33152915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Bu-Shen-Jiang-Ya decoction (BSJYD) on hypertensive renal damage to determine whether it regulates the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMADs signaling pathways, thereby relieving renal fibrosis in Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats. Dahl SS rats on a high-sodium diet were prospectively treated with BSJYD (n = 12) or valsartan (n = 12) for 8 weeks. The blood pressure (BP) of these rats was measured and their kidneys were subjected to biochemical analysis, including serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN); hematoxylin and eosin staining; Masson trichrome staining; real-time polymerase chain reaction; and western blot analysis. The primary outcome was that BSJYD significantly reduced BP, debased BUN, and Scr and ameliorated renal pathological changes. As underlying therapeutic mechanisms, BSJYD reduces TGFβ1 and Smad2/3 expression and suppresses renal fibrosis, as suggested by the decreased expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF). These data suggest that BSJYD acts as an optimal therapeutic agent for hypertensive renal damage by inhibiting the TGF-β/SMADs signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Community Healthcare Center of Shangzhuang Town, Haidian District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xingjiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yuyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Lumin Qiao
- Department of Emergency, Yinchuan Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningxia, 750001, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xing Su
- Medical Administration Division, Beijing Mentougou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102300, China
| | - Fuyong Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
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Shi Q, Zhang Q, Xiang X, Tian J, Xie Y, Jin S, Yuan E, Huang R, Song C. The Hypolipidemic Effect of Active Components in the Decoction of Alisma Orientale and their Chemical Structures Characterized by LC-QTOF-MS/MS. CURR PHARM ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412915666190207151908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The decoction of Alisma orientale is used as a traditional medicine for the
treatment of hyperlipidemia in China with a long clinical history. The present study undertook a detailed
investigation to compare the hypolipidemic effect and chemical composition of two extracts of
Alisma orientale prepared by boiling water and organic reagent, respectively.
Methods:
The hyperlipidemic mice were induced by administration of a High-Fat Diet (HFD) for one
month. The body weight of mice and the serum Cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined. Meanwhile, the chemical constituents of
the extracts were characterized using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry
(LC-QTOF-MS/MS).
Results:
The better hypolipidemic effect was observed in mice administered with the decoction compared
to that of methanol extract. In addition, the liver protective effects were confirmed by the photographs
stained with oil red lipid stain. As for the chemical constituents in the extracts, twenty major
components were identified or characterized using LC-QTOF-MS/MS. Among them, eight oligopeptides
were characterized for the first time and proved to only exist in the decoction of Alisma orientale.
Conclusion:
It is reasonable to assume that the oligopeptides may partially contribute to the hypolipidemic
effect of Alisma orientale. The structural characterization procedures also provide a suitable
method to analyze oligopeptide analogues in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ji Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection; and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - En Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rongzeng Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Min J, Li G, Gong Y. Characterization and phylogenetic relationships analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alismataceae: Alisma). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1756965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Min
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Gang Li
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Gong
- The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China
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Chen JX, Li HY, Li TT, Fu WC, Du X, Liu CH, Zhang W. Alisol A-24-acetate promotes glucose uptake via activation of AMPK in C2C12 myotubes. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:22. [PMID: 32020870 PMCID: PMC7076831 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alisol A-24-acetate (AA-24-a) is one of the main active triterpenes isolated from the well-known medicinal plant Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz., which possesses multiple biological activities, including a hypoglycemic effect. Whether AA-24-a is a hypoglycemic-active compound of A. orientale (Sam.) Juz. is unclear. The present study aimed to clarify the effect and potential mechanism of action of AA-24-a on glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. METHOD Effects of AA-24-a on glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane were evaluated. Glucose uptake was determined using a 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) uptake assay. Cell membrane proteins were isolated and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) protein was detected by western blotting to examine the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. To determine the underlying mechanism, the phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in the insulin and 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways were examined using western blotting. Furthermore, specific inhibitors of key enzymes in AMPK signaling pathway were used to examine the role of these kinases in the AA-24-a-induced glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. RESULTS We found that AA-24-a significantly promoted glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 myotubes. AA-24-a increased the phosphorylation of AMPK, but had no effect on the insulin-dependent pathway involving insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT). In addition, the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the AKT substrate of 160 kDa (AS160), two proteins that act downstream of AMPK, was upregulated. Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, blocked AA-24-a-induced AMPK pathway activation and reversed AA-24-a-induced glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane, indicating that AA-24-a promotes glucose metabolism via the AMPK pathway in vitro. STO-609, a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) inhibitor, also attenuated AA-24-a-induced glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. Moreover, STO-609 weakened AA-24-a-induced phosphorylation of AMPK, p38 MAPK and AS160. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that AA-24-a isolated from A. orientale (Sam.) Juz. significantly enhances glucose uptake via the CaMKKβ-AMPK-p38 MAPK/AS160 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Fu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xin Du
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chun-Hui Liu
- China national institute of standardization, 4 Zhichun Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Alisol A Suppresses Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203651. [PMID: 31658635 PMCID: PMC6833085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are a precious source of promising leads for the development of novel cancer therapeutics. Recently, triterpenoids in Alismatis rhizoma has been widely demonstrated for their anti-cancer activities in cancer cells. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of alisol A in human breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that alisol A exhibited significant anti-proliferative effects in MDA-MB-231 cells and this response was related to autophagy induction. Alisol A-induced autophagy was supported by the triggered autophagosome formation and increased LC3-II levels. Interestingly, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA significantly reversed the cytotoxic effects induced by alisol A. Meanwhile, alisol A-induced autophagy was significantly inhibited by 3-MA in MDA-MB-231 cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that alisol A arrested the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. The expression level of cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1 was significantly down regulated. In addition, the suppression of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways in MDA-MB-231 cells was observed. Furthermore, alisol A significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting the expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Taken together, our results demonstrated that alisol A could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. It could be a promising agent for breast cancer therapy.
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Salehi B, Ata A, V. Anil Kumar N, Sharopov F, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ruiz-Ortega A, Abdulmajid Ayatollahi S, Valere Tsouh Fokou P, Kobarfard F, Amiruddin Zakaria Z, Iriti M, Taheri Y, Martorell M, Sureda A, N. Setzer W, Durazzo A, Lucarini M, Santini A, Capasso R, Adrian Ostrander E, -ur-Rahman A, Iqbal Choudhary M, C. Cho W, Sharifi-Rad J. Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E551. [PMID: 31575072 PMCID: PMC6843349 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problems in the world, the incidence and associated mortality are increasing. Inadequate regulation of the blood sugar imposes serious consequences for health. Conventional antidiabetic drugs are effective, however, also with unavoidable side effects. On the other hand, medicinal plants may act as an alternative source of antidiabetic agents. Examples of medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential are described, with focuses on preclinical and clinical studies. The beneficial potential of each plant matrix is given by the combined and concerted action of their profile of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran;
| | - Athar Ata
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada;
| | - Nanjangud V. Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal University, Manipal 576104, India;
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan;
| | - Karina Ramírez-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Ana Ruiz-Ortega
- Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Autopista Concepción—Talcahuano, Concepción 7100, Chile;
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde P.O. Box 812, Cameroon;
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam Selangor 42300, Malaysia
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (S.A.A.); (F.K.); (Y.T.)
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Laboratory of Physical Activity Sciences, and CIBEROBN—Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CB12/03/30038, University of Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
| | - Alessandra Durazzo
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Massimo Lucarini
- CREA—Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy; (A.D.); (M.L.)
| | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Elise Adrian Ostrander
- Medical Illustration, Kendall College of Art and Design, Ferris State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA;
| | - Atta -ur-Rahman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.-u.-R.); (M.I.C.)
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft 7861756447, Iran
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Comparative transcriptome and metabolite profiling of four tissues from Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep reveals its inflorescence developmental and medicinal characteristics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12310. [PMID: 31444376 PMCID: PMC6707231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep (A. orientale) is an important medicinal plant in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, de novo RNA-seq of A. orientale was performed based on the cDNA libraries from four different tissues, roots, leaves, scapes and inflorescences. A total of 41,685 unigenes were assembled, 25,024 unigene functional annotations were obtained by searching against the five public sequence databases, and 3,411 simple sequence repeats in A. orientale were reported for the first time. 15,402 differentially expressed genes were analysed. The morphological characteristics showed that compared to the other tissues, the leaves had more chlorophyll, the scapes had more vascular bundles, and the inflorescences contained more starch granules and protein. In addition, the metabolic profiles of eight kinds of alisols metabolite profiling, which were measured by ultra-Performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry showed that alisol B 23-acetate and alisol B were the major components of the four tissues at amounts of 0.068~0.350 mg/g and 0.046~0.587 mg/g, respectively. In addition, qRT-PCR validated that farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase should be considered the critical candidate genes involved in alisol biosynthesis. These transcriptome and metabolic profiles of A. orientale may help clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the medicinal characteristics of A. orientale.
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Pharmacological Activities of Alisma orientale against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome: Literature Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2943162. [PMID: 31275407 PMCID: PMC6582889 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2943162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly emerging hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. However, its unrevealed mechanism and complicated comorbidities have led to no specific medication, except for weight loss and lifestyle modification. Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep (A. orientale, Alismataceae) has been increasingly reported on therapeutic effects of A. orientale against NAFLD and metabolic syndrome such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to review the preclinical efficacy of A. orientale and its chemical constituents including Alisol A 24-acetate, Alisol B 23-acetate, Alisol F, and Alismol against NAFLD and metabolic syndrome. A. orientale prevented hepatic triglyceride accumulation through suppressing de novo lipogenesis and increasing lipid export. In addition, it controlled oxidative stress markers, lipoapoptosis, liver injury panels, and inflammatory and fibrotic mediators, eventually influencing steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. Moreover, it exhibited pharmacological activities against hyperlipidemia, obesity, and hyperglycemia as well as appetite. These biological actions of A. orientale might contribute to adiponectin activation or a role as a farnesoid X receptor agonist. In particular, Alisol A 24-acetate and Alisol B 23-acetate could be expected as main compounds. Taken together, A. orientale might be an effective candidate agent for the treatment of NAFLD and its comorbidities, although further assessment of its standardization, safety test, and clinical trials is consistently required.
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Ho C, Gao Y, Zheng D, Liu Y, Shan S, Fang B, Zhao Y, Song D, Zhang Y, Li Q. Alisol A attenuates high-fat-diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders via the AMPK/ACC/SREBP-1c pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5108-5118. [PMID: 31144451 PMCID: PMC6653754 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hepatic steatosis and chronic heart diseases are affecting billions of individuals. However there is no satisfactory drug to treat such diseases. In this study, we found that alisol A, a major active triterpene isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Rhizoma Alismatis, could significantly attenuate high‐fat‐diet‐induced obesity. Our biochemical detection demonstrated that alisol A remarkably decreased lipid levels, alleviated glucose metabolism disorders and insulin resistance in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice. We also found that alisol A reduced hepatic steatosis and improved liver function in the obese mice model.In addition, protein expression investigation revealed that alisol A had an active effect on AMPK/ACC/SREBP‐1c pathway. As suggested by the molecular docking study, such bioactivity of alisol A may result from its selective binding to the catalytic region of AMPK.Therefore, we believe that Alisol A could serve as a promising agent for treatment of obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiakang Ho
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danning Zheng
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingzhong Song
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, National Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Identification of the lipid-lowering component of triterpenes from Alismatis rhizoma based on the MRM-based characteristic chemical profiles and support vector machine model. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3257-3268. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Cui F, Qian ZK, Ling YX, Zhu WJ, Li XQ, Mao Z, Li MT. Alisma orientalis (Sam.) juzep polysaccharide-regulated glucose-lipid metabolism in experimental rats and cell model of diabetes mellitus with regulation of mir-126. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_441_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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Tai Y, Zou F, Zhang Q, Wang J, Rao R, Xie R, Wu S, Chu K, Xu W, Li X, Huang M. Quantitative Analysis of Eight Triterpenoids and Two Sesquiterpenoids in Rhizoma Alismatis by Using UPLC-ESI/APCI-MS/MS and Its Application to Optimisation of Best Harvest Time and Crude Processing Temperature. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:8320171. [PMID: 31485369 PMCID: PMC6710727 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8320171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoma Alismatis (RA), widely known as "Ze-Xie" in China, is the tuber of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep (Alismaceae), a Chinese herbal medicine that has been used to treat hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, dysuria, and inflammation. In this study, a sensitive and reliable method based on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) couple with two ionisation modes, including electrospray ionisation (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS), namely, UPLC-ESI/APCI-MS/MS was developed and validated to simultaneously determine 8 triterpenoids (ESI mode) and 2 sesquiterpenoids (APCI mode) in RA. Ten marker compounds were analysed with a Waters' CORTECS UPLC C18 column (200 mm × 2.1 m, 1.6 μm) and gradient elution with water (contained 0.1% formic) and acetonitrile within 7 min. The established method was validated for linearity, intra- and interday precisions, accuracy, recovery, and stability. The calibration curve for 10 marker compounds showed good linear regression (r > 0.9971). The limits of detection and quantification for analytes were 0.14-1.67 ng/mL and 0.44-5.65 ng/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD, %) and accuracy (RE, %) of intra- and interday precisions were less than 3.83% and 1.21% and 3.22% and 1.46%, repeatability and stability for real samples were less than 2.78% and 3.19%, respectively. All recoveries of the 10 marker compounds ranged from 97.24% to 102.49% with RSDs less than 4.05%. The developed method efficiently determined the 10 marker compounds in RA and was subsequently applied to optimise harvest time and crude processing temperature. The result indicated the 90% wilted phase and 70°C (or lower) may be the best harvest time and the processing temperature of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Tai
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fuxian Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qiurong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ronghui Rao
- Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Fujian Province, Jianyang 354200, Fujian, China
| | - Ruihua Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Shuisheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Kedan Chu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Centre of Biomedical Research & Development, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Miao Z, Hu Y, Zhang X, Yang X, Tang Y, Kang A, Zhu D. Screening and identification of ligand-protein interactions using functionalized heat shock protein 90-fluorescent mesoporous silica-indium phosphide/zinc sulfide quantum dot nanocomposites. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1562:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Correlation analysis between the chemical contents and bioactivity for the quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:242-251. [PMID: 29719785 PMCID: PMC5925412 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to clarify regions of production and to discriminate processing methods, quantitative and qualitative analyses for saccharides and terpenes in 35 batches of Alismatis Rhizoma were performed. Methodologies included HPLC—PDA, HPLC—VWD and UHPLC—MSn, combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression techniques (PLSR). The inhibitory effects of triterpenes and Alismatis Rhizoma extracts on lipase activity were evaluated in vitro. PLSR analysis revealed significant positive correlations (R2 = 0.5795) between the contents of triterpenes 10, 14, 15, 18 and 22 and the inhibitory effects of Alismatis Rhizoma. The present study establishes an effective method for simultaneous determination of multiple components, and identifies key bioactive triterpenes. These results can be used for systematic and novel analytical strategies for the quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma production.
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Xu W, Li X, Lin N, Zhang X, Huang X, Wu T, Tai Y, Chen S, Wu CH, Huang M, Wu S. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of five major triterpenoids after oral administration of Rhizoma Alismatis extract to rats using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:314-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li S, Jin S, Song C, Jia S, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Du Z, Jiang H. The strategy for establishment of the multiple reaction monitoring based characteristic chemical profile of triterpenes in Alismatis rhizoma using two combined tandem mass spectrometers. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1524:121-134. [PMID: 28985905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It was reported that triterpenes compounds in Alismatis rhizoma (AR) contributed to the lipid lowering effect on high fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia. To date only 24 triterpenes (including the isomers) were characterized by LC-QTOF-MS/MS due to the lack of strategies for systematic discovery, classification and identification of triterpenes in AR. In this study, an integrated strategy combining various QTOF-MS/MS and QTRAP-MS/MS scan functions was developed for systematic identification and specific characterization of triterpenes in AR and processed AR. First, MS/MS fragmentation behaviors of different types of triterpenes were investigated and their diagnostic product ions were systematically summarized for discovery and classification of triterpenes. Second, diagnostic product ions were used to filter the data acquired by UHPLC-QTOF MS/MS for efficient identification of targeted triterpenes. Third, MRM-based characteristic chemical profile (CCP) of triterpenes was established using 30 MRM transitions by UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS. Fourth, MRM-based CCP was applied for comparative analyses of triterpenes in AR from different regions and from two other processed AR (salt processed AR and bran processed AR). Consequently, a total of 80 triterpenes including 14 novel compounds were identified in the AR, and 7 more triterpenes compounds were discovered using MRM-based CCP in the processed AR. This work is the most comprehensive characterization of triterpenes compounds in AR to date. The established MRM-based CCP of triterpenes compounds can be instructive for qualitative analyses and relative quantitative analyses of triterpenes in AR and its related medicinal products for potential applications including quality control and classification of different AR materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Shuailong Jia
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Zhang LL, Xu W, Xu YL, Chen X, Huang M, Lu JJ. Therapeutic potential of Rhizoma Alismatis: a review on ethnomedicinal application, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1401:90-101. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy; Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Fuzhou China
| | - Yu-Lian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy; Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Fuzhou China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences; University of Macau; Macao China
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Wang C, Feng L, Ma L, Chen H, Tan X, Hou X, Song J, Cui L, Liu D, Chen J, Yang N, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhao B, Wang G, Zhou Y, Jia X. Alisol A 24-Acetate and Alisol B 23-Acetate Induced Autophagy Mediates Apoptosis and Nephrotoxicity in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:172. [PMID: 28408883 PMCID: PMC5374204 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two natural compounds alisol A 24-acetate (24A) and alisol B 23-acetate (23B) are abundant in Rhizoma alismatis. In the present study, we evaluated the induction of 24A and 23B on apoptosis and possible nephrotoxicity of human renal proximal tubular (HK-2) cells by activating autophagy and also explored its regulation on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Presently, Clusterin, Kim-1, and TFF-3 were considered to be new bioindicators of nephrotoxicity. Interestingly, the protein expression and mRNA levels of Clusterin, Kim-1 and TFF-3 could be significantly increased by 23B and 24A in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, cell apoptosis could be triggered by 23B and 24A via significantly decreasing the protein expression and mRNA levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Autophagy of HK-2 cells could be induced by both 23B and 24A via significantly enhancing the ratio of LC3II/LC3I, the protein expression of Beclin-1 as well as the mRNA levels of LC3 and Beclin-1. Meanwhile, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway could be inhibited by these two compounds. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, could partially reverse cell viability and conversely change the ratio of LC3II/LC3I and the protein expression of Bcl-2 and Kim-1. Thus this study helped to understand that 23B and 24A induced autophagy resulted in apoptosis and nephrotoxicity through inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, facilitating further studies for nephrotoxicity induced by these two compounds and could be beneficial for safe use of Rhizoma alismatis in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of MacauMacau, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China
| | - Xiaobin Tan
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Bingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China
| | - Yuanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing, China
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Xiong X, Yang X, Duan L, Liu W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang P, Li S, Li X. Traditional Chinese medicine suppresses left ventricular hypertrophy by targeting extracellular signal-regulated kinases signaling pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42965. [PMID: 28225023 PMCID: PMC5320505 DOI: 10.1038/srep42965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine Bu-Shen-Jiang-Ya decoction (BSJYD) is reported to be beneficial for hypertension. Over expression of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK) pathway plays an important role in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This study aimed to observe effects of BSJYD on LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and explore its possible mechanism on regulation of ERK pathway. Sixty 12-week-old SHRs were randomly allocated into 5 groups: BSJYD high dose group, middle dose group, low dose group, captopril group, and control group. Besides, a control group of Wistar-Kyoto rats was established. All rats were treated for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), pathology, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured. Western blotting and Real-time PCR were used to assess the expressions of BDNF, Ras, ERK1/2, and c-fox levels. SBP and HR were significantly decreased compared with the control group and LVMI was markedly improved by BSJYD treatment in a dose-dependent manner. BSJYD inhibited the expression of BDNF, Ras, ERK1/2, and c-fox mRNA in LVH. In conclusion, BSJYD suppressed hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the expression of ERK pathway. These changes in gene expression may be a possible mechanism by which BSJYD provides myocardial protection from hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengqian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Bio-organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, USA
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Li S, Jin S, Song C, Chen C, Zhang Y, Xiang Y, Xu Y, Feng Y, Wan Q, Jiang H. The metabolic change of serum lysophosphatidylcholines involved in the lipid lowering effect of triterpenes from Alismatis rhizoma on high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 177:10-18. [PMID: 26584875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alismatis rhizoma (AR), a Traditional Chinese Medicine with lipid-regulating properties, is usually used to treat hyperlipidemia. Lysophosphatidylcholines (Lyso PCs) play a crucial role in lipid metabolism disorders. In this study, the triterpene fraction purified from boiling water extract of AR was evaluated for its lipid lowering activity using mice with high-fat diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemia. The metabolic changes of individual Lyso PCs treated with the triterpene fraction were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS HFD induced hyperlipidemia mice were administrated with triterpene and non-triterpene fractions at doses of 180, 360 and 720 mg/kg body weight/day for 4 weeks, respectively. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and atherogenic Index (AI) in mice serum were measured. The chemical components in the lipid-lowering fraction were characterized by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). The changes of Lyso PC in the serum of mice treated with the lipid-lowering fraction were quantified by UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 18 alisol derivatives were identified in the triterpene fraction. The hyperlipidemia mice treated with the triterpene fraction showed a significant decrease in serum TC, LDL-C and AI after continuous consumption of HFD for 4 weeks. The results also showed that 27 serum Lyso PCs in mice fed with HFD were down-regulated, and 19 were up-regulated. The abnormal serum level of Lyso PCs associated with hyperlipidemia was intervened by the alisol derivatives, with increase of unsaturated Lyso PCs and decrease of saturated ones. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated for the first time that triterpenes from the AR extract can lower serum lipid level in HFD induced hyperlipidemia mice. These metabolism changes of Lyso PCs could further improve our understanding of the potential mechanism of lipid lowering effect of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Medical Research Center, Humanwell Healthcare (Group) Co., Ltd, 666 Gao Xin Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430075, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qian Wan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Chu Y, Jiang H, Ju J, Li Y, Gong L, Wang X, Yang W, Deng Y. A metabolomic study using HPLC–TOF/MS coupled with ingenuity pathway analysis: Intervention effects of Rhizoma Alismatis on spontaneous hypertensive rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:446-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Siyang HX, Ji XY, Wu XR, Wu XY, Liu PN. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Tandem Polycyclization of Internal Alkynols and Vinyl Azides. Org Lett 2015; 17:5220-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xiao Siyang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Lab for Advanced Materials and
Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiao Yue Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Lab for Advanced Materials and
Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xu Rui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Lab for Advanced Materials and
Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Yan Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Lab for Advanced Materials and
Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Pei Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Lab for Advanced Materials and
Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, China
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Mai ZP, Zhou K, Ge GB, Wang C, Huo XK, Dong PP, Deng S, Zhang BJ, Zhang HL, Huang SS, Ma XC. Protostane Triterpenoids from the Rhizome of Alisma orientale Exhibit Inhibitory Effects on Human Carboxylesterase 2. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2372-80. [PMID: 26425784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Twelve new and 10 known protostane triterpenoids were isolated from the rhizome of Alisma orientale. Their structures were elucidated based on physical data analyses, including UV, HRESIMS, NMR experiments ((1)H, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and induced electronic circular dichroism. New compounds 1-12 were classified as protostanes (1-10), 29-norprotostane (11), and 24-norprotostane (12) by structure analyses. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects on human carboxylesterases (hCE-1, hCE-2) of compounds 1-22 were evaluated. Compounds 2, 6, 9, and 11 showed moderate inhibitory activities and were selective toward hCE-2 enzymes, with IC50 values of 8.68, 4.72, 4.58, and 2.02 μM, respectively. The inhibition kinetics of compound 11 toward hCE-2 were established, and the Ki value was determined as 1.76 μM using a mixed inhibition model. The interaction of bioactive compound 11 with hCE-2 was shown using molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 110847, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Resource Discovery, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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Zhao W, Huang X, Li X, Zhang F, Chen S, Ye M, Huang M, Xu W, Wu S. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Major Triterpenoids in Alismatis Rhizoma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode-Array Detector/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2015; 20:13958-81. [PMID: 26263967 PMCID: PMC6331801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200813958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma (AMR) is a well-known natural medicine with a long history in Chinese medicine and has been commonly used for treating a wide range of ailments related to dysuria, edema, nephropathy, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, inflammation as well as tumors in clinical applications. Most beneficial effects of AMR are attributed to the presence of protostane terpenoids, the major active ingredients of Alismatis Rhizoma (AMR). In this study, a systematic high performance liquid chromatography/diode-array detector/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the major AMR triterpenoids. First, a total of 25 triterpenoid components, including 24 known compounds and one new compound were identified by comparison with UV spectra, molecular ions and fragmentation behaviors of reference standards or the literature. Second, an efficient method was established for the rapid simultaneous determination of 14 representative triterpenoids by UPLC-QqQ MS. Forty-three batches of AMR were analyzed with linearity (r, 0.9980-0.9999), intra-day precision (RSD, 1.18%-3.79%), inter-day precision (RSD, 1.53%-3.96%), stability (RSD, 1.32%-3.97%), repeatability (RSD, 2.21%-4.25%), and recovery (98.11%-103.8%). These results indicated that new approaches combining HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF MS and UPLC-QqQ MS are applicable in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
- Institute of Nanostructured Functional materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Sainan Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Miao Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Shuisheng Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Zhang YW, Li Q, Lv CX, Liu XJ, Chen XH, Bi KS. Simultaneous determination of four active components in Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. by HPLC-DAD using a single reference standard. J Pharm Anal 2015; 5:85-92. [PMID: 29403919 PMCID: PMC5761483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid, simple and practical high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was developed to evaluate the quality of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. through a simultaneous determination of four major active triterpenes using a single standard to determine the multi-components (SSDMCs). Alisol B 23-acetate was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R2>0.9998) within test ranges. RSDs for intra- and inter-day of four analytes were less than 3.6% and 2.3%; the overall recovery was 92.1-110.2% (SSDMC). The proposed method was successfully applied to quantify the four components in 20 samples from different localities in China. Moreover, significant variations were demonstrated in the content of these compounds. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were performed to differentiate and classify the samples based on the contents of Alisol C 23-acetate, Alisol A, Alisol A 24-acetate and Alisol B 23-acetate. This simple, rapid, low-cost and reliable HPLC-DAD method using SSDMC is suitable for routine quantitative analysis and quality control of A. orientale (Sam.) Juz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Liaoning Institute for Drug Control, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiu-Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Kim J, Byun AR, Kwon S. Effect of Yeonryeonggobon-dan (YRGBD), an herbal complex, on glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case series. Complement Ther Med 2014; 22:1037-40. [PMID: 25453525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus has significant effects on the human body. Recently, herbal medicines have received attention as complementary anti-diabetic agents on the basis of the results of several experimental studies. We present a series of 38 cases that demonstrate the positive effect of Yeonryeonggobon-dan (YRGBD), an herbal complex, in lowering blood sugar levels in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 38 patients treated with YRGBD. The types and doses of other hypoglycemic agents administered to the patients remained unchanged during treatment with YRGBD. RESULTS After YRGBD therapy, the glycated haemoglobin level decreased from 76.16±19.90mmol/mol (9.11±1.82%) to 51.21±8.82mmol/mol (6.84±0.81%). There was a statistically significant difference between the glycated haemoglobin levels measured before and after treatment (paired t test, p<0.001). DISCUSSION In the present study, we show the clinical effects of YRGBD on blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further clinical studies investigating the effects of YRGBD are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiman Kim
- Kyunghee-saeng Korean Medicine Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ri Byun
- Department of Family Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Kwon
- Department of Cardiovascular and Neurologic Diseases, College of Korean Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao ZY, Zhang Q, Li YF, Dong LL, Liu SL. Optimization of ultrasound extraction of Alisma orientalis polysaccharides by response surface methodology and their antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 119:101-9. [PMID: 25563949 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhizoma alismatis (the rhizome of Alisma orientalis) polysaccharides (RAP) have been reported to have a variety of important biological activities. However, effective extraction of RAP has been an unsolved issue. In this study, we used an ultrasound method for high yield extraction of RAP and optimized the conditions using the response surface methodology (RSM). Following multiple regression analyses of the experimental results, we applied the 3-D response surface and the contour plots to determine the optimal conditions, which were found to be ultrasound treatment at 76.1°C for 75.2 min, and water to material ratio at 30.1 ml/g. Under such conditions, the yield was 6.90% which was much higher than traditional hot water extraction yield (3.41%). The fractionated RAPs following stepwise ethanol precipitation showed strong antioxidant activities. The results indicated that ultrasound extraction was a very effective method for the extraction of RAP and the polysaccharides could be explored as a potential antioxidant agent for use in medicine or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yi Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Harbin Medical University Library, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ya-Fang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lu-Lu Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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Tian T, Chen H, Zhao YY. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:373-387. [PMID: 25446590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhizoma alismatis (simplified as RA, "Zexie" in Chinese, ) is a well-known natural medicine with long history in Chinese medicine. As a traditional medicine in China, RA is an important part of many prescriptions and has been commonly used for treating a wide range of ailments related to dysuria, edema, nephropathy, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, inflammation as well as tumor in clinical applications. Based on scientific literatures, the present paper aims to provide comprehensive and up-to date information about the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of RA as well as critical analysis of the research. The review will provide a new foundation and direction for the further studies of RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS All available information about RA was supplied by library database and electronic search (ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Pubmed, Google Scholar, etc.). The different types of useful information were collected and arranged in corresponding part of the paper. RESULTS Phytochemical studies showed that the main chemical composition of RA was the terpenoid including sesquiterpene, diterpene and triterpene. The crude extracts and isolated compounds from RA showed diverse pharmacological activities including diuretic, nephroprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. However, high-dose or long-term use of RA can lead to water-electrolyte imbalance, bloody urine, acidosis and even hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity, which have been proven by several studies. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological researches show RA possessing various bioactivities including diuresis, nephroprotective effect, anti-hyperlipidemia, etc. However, more bioactive components especially diuretic and nephroprotective compounds need to be isolated and identified, and more rigorous researches on action mechanisms are required. More experiments in vitro or in vivo and clinical studies are encouraged to clarify correlation between traditional uses and modern applications, and the toxicity need to be further and precisely explored. In addition, a standardized fingerprint for RA is indispensable and emergent. These achievements will further expand to therapeutic potential and usage of RA and provide a powerful support for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
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A UFLC/MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitation of alisol A and alisol B 23-acetate from Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. in rat plasma. Asian J Pharm Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Huang Y, Zheng SL, Xu ZS, Hou Y. Effects of Alismatis rhizome on rat cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:681-687. [PMID: 24824320 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.864685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alismatis rhizome (RA) (Water Plantain Family, also called "Zexie" in Chinese), one of the commonly used components of traditional Chinese medicines, is derived from the dried rhizomes of Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep. (Alismataceae). OBJECTIVE This study explores the RA influences on rat cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) by using cocktail probe drugs in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cocktail solution at a dose of 5 mL/kg, which contained phenacetin (20 mg/kg), tolbutamide (5 mg/kg), chlorzoxazone (20 mg/kg) and midazolam (10 mg/kg), was orally administration to rats treated twice daily with RA (10, 20 and 40 g/kg) for consecutive 14 days. Blood samples (0.2 mL) were collected at a series of time-points and the concentrations of probe drugs in plasma were determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the software of DAS 2.0 (Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China). RESULTS In the experiment, there was a statistically significant difference in the t1/2, Cmax, AUC(0-∞) and CL for phenacetin and midazolam, while there was no statistical pharmacokinetics difference for tolbutamide and chlorzoxazone. Our study showed that treatment with multiple doses of RA had an inductive effect on rat CYP1A2 and an inhibitory effect on rat CYP3A4 enzyme activity. However, RA has no inductive or inhibitory effect on the activities of CYP2C9 and CYP2E1. CONCLUSIONS Caution is needed when RA is co-administration with some CYP1A2 or CYP3A4 substrates in clinic, because it may result in treatment failure and herb-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of General Surgery of Wenzhou People's Hospital , Wenzhou , China
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El-Abhar HS, Schaalan MF. Phytotherapy in diabetes: Review on potential mechanistic perspectives. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:176-197. [PMID: 24748931 PMCID: PMC3990312 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widely spread epidemic disease that results from the absence of insulin, decreased secretion and/or impaired function. Since DM is a multi-factorial disease, the available pharmaceuticals, despite their sensible treatment, target mostly one pathway to control hyperglycemia and encounter several side effects. Therefore, new therapeutic paradigms aim to hit several pathways using only one agent. Traditionally, antidiabetic plants and/or their active constituents may fulfill this need. More than 200 species of plants possess antidiabetic properties which were evaluated mostly by screening tests without digging far for the exact mode of action. Searching among the different literature resources and various database and in view of the above aspects, the present article provides a comprehensive review on the available antidiabetic plants that have been approved by pharmacological and clinical evaluations, and which their mechanism(s) of action is assured. These plants are categorized according to their proved mode of action and are classified into those that act by inhibiting glucose absorption from intestine, increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas, inhibiting glucose production from hepatocytes, or enhancing glucose uptake by adipose and muscle tissues. The current review also highlights those that mimic in their action the new peptide analogs, such as exenatide, liraglutide and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors that increase glucagon-like peptide-1 serum concentration and slow down the gastric emptying.
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Huang MQ, Xu W, Wu SS, Lu JJ, Chen XP. A 90-day subchronic oral toxicity study of triterpene-enriched extract from Alismatis Rhizoma in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:318-23. [PMID: 23684999 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Alismatis Rhizoma has been used in East Asia as a traditional treatment for various illnesses and symptoms, and the presence of protostane-type triterpenes has been claimed to provide health benefits. To investigate the subchronic toxicity of triterpene-enriched extract from Alismatis Rhizoma (TEAR), a 90-day oral toxicity study was conducted in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats/sex/group) and received doses of 0, 360, 720, and 1440 mg/kg/d of TEAR for 90 days. Daily clinical observations as well as weekly measurement of body weight and food consumption were conducted. Blood samples were obtained on day 91 to measure changes in hematology and biochemistry. Urine samples were collected on days 0 and 91 for urinalysis. At necropsy, selected organs were weighed and recorded, and histological examination was performed. No mortality or obvious treatment-related clinical signs, hematology, urinalysis parameters, and macroscopic or microscopic examinations were observed. Differences in weight gain, food consumption, biochemistry, and relative organ weight between the treated group and the control group were not considered treatment-related. On the basis of these findings, the no-observed-adverse-effect level for TEAR was 1440 mg/kg/d in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Protostane and fusidane triterpenes: a mini-review. Molecules 2013; 18:4054-80. [PMID: 23563857 PMCID: PMC3901436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18044054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protostane triterpenes belong to a group of tetracyclic triterpene that exhibit unique structural characteristics. Their natural distribution is primarily limited to the genus Alisma of the Alismataceae family, but they have also been occasionally found in other plant genera such as Lobelia, Garcinia, and Leucas. To date, there are 59 known protostane structures. Many of them have been reported to possess biological properties such as improving lipotropism, hepatoprotection, anti-viral activity against hepatitis B and HIV-I virus, anti-cancer activity, as well as reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer cells. On the other hand, fusidanes are fungal products characterized by 29-nor protostane structures. They possess antibiotic properties against staphylococci, including the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Fusidic acid is a representative member which has found clinical applications. This review covers plant sources of the protostanes, their structure elucidation, characteristic structural and spectral properties, as well as biological activities. The fungal sources, structural features, biological activities of fusidanes are also covered in this review. Additionally, the biogenesis of these two types of triterpenes is discussed and a refined pathway is proposed.
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