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Comprehensive review of liquid chromatography methods for fumonisin determination, a 2006-2022 update. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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2
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Kim H, Baek EJ, Shin BG, Kim HJ, Kim JE. In-House Validation of an Efficient and Rapid Procedure for the Simultaneous Determination and Monitoring of 23 Mycotoxins in Grains in Korea. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070457. [PMID: 35878195 PMCID: PMC9318384 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method is described for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins, including Ergot alkaloids (EAs), in 3 types of grains. The extraction of 23 mycotoxins was evaluated and performed by using a modified QuEChERS-based sample preparation procedure. The proposed method was fully validated on spiked grain samples (barley, wheat and oat) to assess the linearity, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ), matrix effects, precision and recovery. After validation, this method was applied to 143 samples of various types of 3 grains from the Republic of Korea to survey the level of mycotoxin contamination in Republic of Korean grains. A total of 42 grain samples (29%) were contaminated with at least one of these mycotoxins at levels higher than the LOQ. The results demonstrated that the procedure was suitable for simultaneously determining these mycotoxins in cereals and could be performed for their routine analysis in mycotoxin laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoyoung Kim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Korea; (H.K.); (E.J.B.); (B.G.S.)
- Major in Environment and Life Chemistry, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Baek
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Korea; (H.K.); (E.J.B.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Byeung Gon Shin
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Korea; (H.K.); (E.J.B.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Experiment Research Institute, National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Korea; (H.K.); (E.J.B.); (B.G.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.J.K.); (J.-E.K.); Tel.: +82-54-429-7871 (H.J.K.); +82-53-950-5720 (J.-E.K.)
| | - Jang-Eok Kim
- Major in Environment and Life Chemistry, School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.K.); (J.-E.K.); Tel.: +82-54-429-7871 (H.J.K.); +82-53-950-5720 (J.-E.K.)
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3
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Braun MS, Wink M. Exposure, Occurrence, and Chemistry of Fumonisins and their Cryptic Derivatives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:769-791. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Santhosh Braun
- Inst. of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology; Heidelberg Univ.; INF 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Wink
- Inst. of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology; Heidelberg Univ.; INF 364 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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Zhang Y, Wu J, Ni Q, Dong H. Multicomponent quantification of Astragalus residue fermentation liquor using ion chromatography-integrated pulsed amperometric detection. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1526-1530. [PMID: 28810617 PMCID: PMC5525577 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine residues contain abundant cellulose and hemicellulose, which are potential renewable carbon sources for ethanol production. The aim of the present study was to develop a rapid and reliable method to evaluate the cellulose and hemicellulose utilization in Chinese medicine residues. In the present study, key hydrolysates (arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and cellobiose) of the cellulose and hemicellulose in fermentation liquor of Astragalus residues were simultaneously quantified by ion chromatography using an integrated pulsed amperometric detector (IPAD). HPLC analysis was performed on a Dionex ICS-2500 equipped with GP50 gradient pump and ED50 IPAD. The working and reference electrodes were gold electrode and Ag/AgCl electrode, respectively. Separation was achieved on serial no. 002627 Dionex Analytical column (2×250 mm). Sodium hydroxide of 250 mM and water were used as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. The temperature of column was kept at 30°C. This method was validated for accuracy and precision. The regression equation revealed a good linear relationship (R2=0.9959-0.9984) within the test ranges. The limits of detection and quantification for five standard analytes (arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and cellobiose) were in the range of 0.067-0.091 and 0.08-0.23 mg/l, respectively. The method showed good reproducibility for the quantification of five analytes in fermentation liquor of Astragalus residue with intra-and inter-day variations less than 3.843%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiarong Wu
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Quanhui Ni
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hong Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
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Sun XD, Su P, Shan H. Mycotoxin Contamination of Maize in China. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:835-849. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Dong Sun
- Quality & Safety Inst. of Agricultural Products; Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin 150086 China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Harbin); Ministry of Agriculture; Harbin 150086 China
| | - Ping Su
- Quality & Safety Inst. of Agricultural Products; Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin 150086 China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Harbin); Ministry of Agriculture; Harbin 150086 China
| | - Hong Shan
- Quality & Safety Inst. of Agricultural Products; Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin 150086 China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Harbin); Ministry of Agriculture; Harbin 150086 China
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Chen J, Jia Z, Song J, Yuan Y, Zhang L. Fumonisins in China: update on occurrence, epidemiology, exposure and regulation. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2012.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Chen
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16# Third Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - Z. Jia
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16# Third Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - J. Song
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16# Third Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - Y. Yuan
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16# Third Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
| | - L. Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, 16# Third Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China P.R
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Szekeres A, Budai A, Bencsik O, Németh L, Bartók T, Szécsi A, Mesterházy A, Vágvölgyi C. Fumonisin measurement from maize samples by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with corona charged aerosol detector. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:1181-5. [PMID: 24287593 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisins are a class of mycotoxins produced mainly by Fusarium species, which is primary fungal contaminant of the maize and maize-derived products around the world. The B-series fumonisins (FB1, FB2 and FB3) are the most abundant and toxic constituent; thus, their levels are regulated generally worldwide. In this study, we developed a reliable method for the measurement of fumonisin FB1, FB2 and FB3 mycotoxins from maize samples without the time-consuming derivatization step using a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with corona charged aerosol detector. The detection and quantitation limit of the whole method were 0.02 and 0.04 mg/kg for each fumonisins, respectively. The detection linearity was tested in the calibration range of 2 orders of magnitude and the recoveries from the spiked samples were determined. The developed method proved to be sufficient to measure the maximum residue levels of fumonisins, which are specified in European Union and United States in maize and maize-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Szekeres
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Budai
- Edison House Holding Co., Ltd., Hernádi dűlő 18., H-2724 Újlengyel, Hungary
| | - Ottó Bencsik
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Németh
- Edison House Holding Co., Ltd., Hernádi dűlő 18., H-2724 Újlengyel, Hungary
| | - Tibor Bartók
- Fumizol Ltd., Moszkvai krt. 5-7, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Arpád Szécsi
- Research Centre for Agriculture, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute for Plant Protection, Herman Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Akos Mesterházy
- Cereal Research Non-profit Ltd., Alsókikötő sor 9, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Faculty of Science and Informatics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Simultaneous separation and determination of fructose, sorbitol, glucose and sucrose in fruits by HPLC-ELSD. Food Chem 2013; 145:784-8. [PMID: 24128545 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was optimised for simultaneous determination of fructose, sorbitol, glucose and sucrose in fruits. The analysis was carried out on a Phenomenex Luna 5u NH₂ 100A column (250 mm × 4.60mm, 5 micron) with isocratic elution of acetonitrile:water (82.5:17.5, v/v). Drift tube temperature of the ELSD system was set to 82 °C and nitrogen flow rate was 2.0 L min⁻¹. The regression equation revealed good linear relationship (R = 0.9967-0.9989) within test ranges. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for four analytes (peach, apple, watermelon, and cherry fruits) were in the range of 0.07-0.27 and 0.22-0.91 mg L⁻¹, respectively. The proposed HPLC-ELSD method was validated for quantification of sugars in peach, apple, watermelon, and cherry fruits, and the results were satisfactory. The results showed that the contents of the four sugars varied among fruits. While fructose (5.79-104.01 mg g⁻¹) and glucose (9.25-99.62 mg g⁻¹) emerged as common sugars in the four fruits, sorbitol (8.70-19.13 mg g⁻¹) were only found in peach, apple and cherry fruits, and sucrose (15.82-106.39 mg g⁻¹) were in peach, apple and watermelon. There was not detectable sorbitol in watermelon and sucrose in cherry fruits, respectively.
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Bryła M, Roszko M, Szymczyk K, Jędrzejczak R, Obiedziński MW, Sękul J. Fumonisins in plant-origin food and fodder – a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:1626-40. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.809624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ma L, Xu W, He X, Huang K, Wang Y, Luo Y. Determination of fumonisins B₁ and B₂ in Chinese rice wine by HPLC using AQC precolumn derivatisation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:1128-1133. [PMID: 22936464 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fumonisins are a group of naturally occurring mycotoxins produced by various Fusarium species that commonly infect maize and other cereals, including sorghum and rice. In this study a sensitive and selective method was developed for the determination of fumonisins B₁ and B₂ (FB₁ and FB₂) in Chinese rice wine. The method is based on high-performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection following precolumn derivatisation with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC). RESULTS FB₁ and FB₂ in Chinese rice wine were extracted and purified using strong anion exchange cartridges and derivatised with AQC at room temperature. The AQC derivatives were stable for 5 days. Optimal fluorescence was obtained at an excitation wavelength of 246 nm and an emission wavelength of 390 nm. Chromatography was performed using a C18 column and gradient elution at 1 mL min⁻¹ with methanol and 0.05 mol L⁻¹ phosphate buffer at pH 4. The limit of detection was 6 µg L⁻¹ for both FB₁ and FB₂. The method was successfully applied to the determination of FB₁ and FB₂ in Chinese rice wine, with recoveries of 87.5-94.5% being obtained. CONCLUSION The established method was stable and sensitive for the determination of FB₁ and FB₂ in Chinese rice wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Ma
- Laboratory of Food safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Zhang L, Wang J, Zhang C, Wang Q. Analysis of potential fumonisin-producing Fusarium species in corn products from three main maize-producing areas in eastern China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:693-701. [PMID: 22821375 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium species are common fungal contaminants of maize and a number of them can produce mycotoxin fumonisins. China is one of the largest maize producers in the world. This study investigated the contamination of maize samples from three areas in eastern China by Fusarium and fumonisin-producing fungi as well as their fumonisin-producing potential. RESULTS A total of 22 Fusarium strains were isolated, 19 of which were able to produce fumonisin. Among the 19 strains, 16 belonged to F. verticillioides, two to F. subglutinans and one to F. proliferatum. The majority (17/19) of the fumonisin-forming strains were high FB(1) producers, which is a potential health risk for the population in these areas. Fusarium contamination in samples from the mideastern area was the most serious (11 Fusarium strains, with nine producing fumonisin, isolated from 24 samples), followed by the northeastern area (nine Fusarium strains, with all nine producing fumonisin, isolated from 21 samples) and the southeastern area (two Fusarium strains, with one producing fumonisin, isolated from 19 samples). CONCLUSION Although the overall levels of FBs and contamination by fumonisin-producing fungi in corn samples were not serious, the contaminating Fusarium strains possessed fairly strong toxicogenic ability and potential risk for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Bryła M, Jędrzejczak R, Roszko M, Szymczyk K, Obiedziński MW, Sękul J, Rzepkowska M. Application of molecularly imprinted polymers to determine B1, B2, and B3fumonisins in cereal products. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:578-84. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Jędrzejczak
- Department of Food Analysis; Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology; Rakowiecka; Warsaw; Poland
| | - Marek Roszko
- Department of Food Analysis; Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology; Rakowiecka; Warsaw; Poland
| | - Krystyna Szymczyk
- Department of Food Analysis; Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology; Rakowiecka; Warsaw; Poland
| | | | - Janusz Sękul
- Faculty of Food Sciences; Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Nowoursynowska; Warsaw; Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rzepkowska
- Faculty of Animal Science; Warsaw University of Life Sciences; Ciszewskiego; Warsaw; Poland
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Szekeres A, Lorántfy L, Bencsik O, Kecskeméti A, Szécsi Á, Mesterházy Á, Vágvölgyi C. Rapid purification method for fumonisin B1 using centrifugal partition chromatography. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012; 30:147-55. [PMID: 23043634 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.729161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a highly toxic mycotoxin produced by fungal strains belonging to the Fusarium genus, which can be found mainly in maize products, and is gaining interest in food safety. To produce large amounts of pure FB1, a novel purifying method was developed by using centrifugal partition chromatography, which is a prominent member of the liquid-liquid chromatographic techniques. Rice cultured with Fusarium verticillioides was extracted with a mixture of methanol/water and found to contain 0.87 mg of FB1 per gram. The crude extracts were purified on a strong anion-exchange column and then separated by using a biphasic solvent system consisting of methyl-tert-butyl-ether-acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid in water. The collected fractions were analysed by flow injection-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Corona-charged aerosol detector and identified by congruent retention time on high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric data. This method produced approximately 120 mg of FB1 with a purity of more than 98% from 200 g of the rice culture. The whole purification process is able to produce a large amount of pure FB1 for analytical applications or for toxicological studies.
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Kong W, Xie T, Li J, Wei J, Qiu F, Qi A, Zheng Y, Yang M. Analysis of fumonisins B1 and B2 in spices and aromatic and medicinal herbs by HPLC-FLD with on-line post-column derivatization and positive confirmation by LC-MS/MS. Analyst 2012; 137:3166-74. [PMID: 22627776 DOI: 10.1039/c2an35164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisins are produced by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides, which are known to cause fatal diseases in some animals and humans. Here, we describe a sensitive, reproducible and reliable analytical method for the quantitative determination of fumonisins B(1) (FB(1)) and B(2) (FB(2)) in 112 spices and aromatic and medicinal herbs marketed in China. This method is based on high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) coupled to a new on-line post-column derivatization using ortho-phthaldialdehyde with 2-mercaptoethanol and immunoaffinity column clean-up. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a complete separation of FB(1) and FB(2) was obtained using a Synergi C(18) column and a gradient elution at 0.8 mL min(-1) with methanol and 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 3.15. The limits of detection for FB(1) and FB(2) were both 40 μg kg(-1). Good recoveries were found for spiked samples with FB(1) and FB(2), ranging from 82.34% to 98.16% for FB(1) and from 72.58% to 97.10% for FB(2), with relative standard deviation (RSD) < 7.0%. 5 spices, 11 aromatic herbs and 96 medicinal herbs including 93 normal samples and 19 visibly moldy samples, which were spoiled artificially, were analyzed. The results showed that 8 (42.1%) visibly moldy samples and 8 (8.6%) normal samples were contaminated with FB(1) at mean contents of 129.0 and 165.9 μg kg(-1), and with FB(2) at 1745.0 and 256.8 μg kg(-1), respectively. Positive confirmation of detected samples was performed by liquid chromatography tandem electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), using a triple quadrupole analyzer and operated in the multiple reaction monitoring mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Feng X, Yan D, Zhao KJ, Luo JY, Ren YS, Kong WJ, Han YM, Xiao XH. Applications of microcalorimetry in the antibacterial activity evaluation of various Rhizoma coptidis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:348-353. [PMID: 21284509 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2010.523428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Various Rhizoma coptidis are commonly used in clinical applications due to their strong antibacterial effect. OBJECTIVE The antibacterial effect of various R. coptidis were evaluated by microcalorimetry together with statistical analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried roots of Coptis chinensis Franch, Coptis deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao, and Coptis teeta Wall (Ranunculaceae) were identified by Prof. Xiao-He Xiao. The herbs were tested using thermal activity monitor (TAM) air isothermal microcalorimeter, ampoule mode, to evaluate the biological activity. The dynamic energy metabolism information about the Staphylococcus aureus growth at 37°C was analyzed with principal component analysis. RESULTS From the principle component analysis on quantitative parameters, the action of various R. coptidis on S. aureus growth at 37°C could be easily evaluated by analyzing the change of values of the two main parameters: the growth rate constant of first stage (k(1)) and the maximum heat rating of the first stage (P(1)). And the results of paired t-test show that there were no notable differences between inhibitory ratios calculated with k(1) and that of P(1). Using microdilution method, the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of C. chinensis, C. deltoidea, and C. teeta were detected, and they were 77.8 ± 2, 116.6 ± 4, 93.3 ± 2 μg/mL, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This work provided a useful method for the evaluation of antibacterial activity of various R. coptidis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Military Hospital of China, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Khayoon WS, Saad B, Salleh B, Ismail NA, Manaf NHA, Latiff AA. A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of fumonisins B1 and B2 in food and feed using monolithic column and positive confirmation by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 679:91-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Han Z, Ren Y, Liu X, Luan L, Wu Y. A reliable isotope dilution method for simultaneous determination of fumonisins B1, B2 and B3 in traditional Chinese medicines by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2723-33. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Yılmaz N, Tuncel NB. An alternative strategy for corn drying (Zea mays) resulted in both energy savings and reduction of fumonisins B1and B2contamination. Int J Food Sci Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Reddy KRN, Abbas HK, Abel CA, Shier WT, Oliveira CAF, Raghavender CR. Mycotoxin contamination of commercially important agricultural commodities. TOXIN REV 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/15569540903092050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shephard G, Berthiller F, Dorner J, Krska R, Lombaert G, Malone B, Maragos C, Sabino M, Solfrizzo M, Trucksess M, van Egmond H, Whitaker T. Developments in mycotoxin analysis: an update for 2007-2008. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2009. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2008.1095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights developments in mycotoxin analysis and sampling over a period between mid-2007 and mid-2008. It covers the major mycotoxins: aflatoxins, Alternaria toxins, cyclopiazonic acid, fumonisins, ochratoxin, patulin, trichothecenes, and zearalenone. Some aspects of natural occurrence, particularly if linked to novel aspects of analytical methods, are also included. The review demonstrates the rise of LC-MS methods, the continuing interest in developing alternative and rapid methods and the modification of well-established mycotoxin analytical methods by individual laboratories to meet their own requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Shephard
- PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - F. Berthiller
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Center for Analytical Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Research, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - J. Dorner
- USDA, ARS, National Peanut Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 509, 1011 Forrester Dr. SE, Dawson, GA 31742, USA
| | - R. Krska
- Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Center for Analytical Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mycotoxin Research, Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - G. Lombaert
- Health Canada, 510 Lagimodiere Blvd., Winnipeg, MB, R2J 3Y1, Canada
| | - B. Malone
- Trilogy Analytical Laboratory, 111 West Fourth Street, Washington, MO 63090, USA
| | - C. Maragos
- USDA, ARS National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - M. Sabino
- Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 355, 01246-902, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - M. Solfrizzo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/o, 700126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. Trucksess
- US Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - H. van Egmond
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment, Laboratory for Food and Residue Analysis (ARO), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - T. Whitaker
- USDA, ARS, N.C. State University, P.O. Box 7625, Raleigh, NC 27695-7625, USA
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Spectrum-effect relationships between ultra performance liquid chromatography fingerprints and anti-bacterial activities of Rhizoma coptidis. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 634:279-85. [PMID: 19185133 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fingerprints of Rhizoma coptidis from various sources were established by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and the anti-bacterial activities of R. coptidis on Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth was studied by microcalarimetry. The UPLC fingerprints were evaluated using similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Some quantitative parameters obtained from the thermo-genic curves of E. coli growth affected by R. coptidis were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and anti-bacterial activities were investigated using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The results showed that close correlation existed between the spectrum-effect relationships. Berberine, jateorrhizine and palmatine in the UPLC fingerprints might be the main anti-bacterial components. The anti-bacterial activities of R. coptidis were related with the main active constituents, along with the production place and the harvesting time of this herb, the latitude and longitude of the place. This work provides a general model of the combination of UPLC and microcalorimetry to study the spectrum-effect relationships of R. coptidis, which can be used to discover principle components of it on bioactivity.
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An overview of conventional and emerging analytical methods for the determination of mycotoxins. Int J Mol Sci 2009; 10:62-115. [PMID: 19333436 PMCID: PMC2662450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms10010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are a group of compounds produced by various fungi and excreted into the matrices on which they grow, often food intended for human consumption or animal feed. The high toxicity and carcinogenicity of these compounds and their ability to cause various pathological conditions has led to widespread screening of foods and feeds potentially polluted with them. Maximum permissible levels in different matrices have also been established for some toxins. As these are quite low, analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins have to be both sensitive and specific. In addition, an appropriate sample preparation and pre-concentration method is needed to isolate analytes from rather complicated samples. In this article, an overview of methods for analysis and sample preparation published in the last ten years is given for the most often encountered mycotoxins in different samples, mainly in food. Special emphasis is on liquid chromatography with fluorescence and mass spectrometric detection, while in the field of sample preparation various solid-phase extraction approaches are discussed. However, an overview of other analytical and sample preparation methods less often used is also given. Finally, different matrices where mycotoxins have to be determined are discussed with the emphasis on their specific characteristics important for the analysis (human food and beverages, animal feed, biological samples, environmental samples). Various issues important for accurate qualitative and quantitative analyses are critically discussed: sampling and choice of representative sample, sample preparation and possible bias associated with it, specificity of the analytical method and critical evaluation of results.
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Development of a new analytical method for the determination of fumonisins B1 and B2 in food products based on high performance liquid chromatography and fluorimetric detection with post-column derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1203:88-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2008] [Revised: 07/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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