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Kraithong S, Bunyameen N, Theppawong A, Ke X, Lee S, Zhang X, Huang R. Potentials of Ulva spp.-derived sulfated polysaccharides as gelling agents with promising therapeutic effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132882. [PMID: 38848853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Ulvan, a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Ulva spp., has garnered significant attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its potential health benefits. These include immunomodulation, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-cancer effects. Nonetheless, practical applications in these fields remain limited due to an incomplete understanding of its gelation mechanisms. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of its gelation have not been completely understood and thoroughly reviewed. The primary objective is to provide current insights into ulvan's gelling mechanisms and potential health impacts. This review also delves into the existing applications of ulvan polysaccharides. By unraveling these aspects, the information provided in this work is expected to deepen our understanding of ulvan's gelation mechanisms and its prospective role in enhancing health, holding promise for advancements in the fields of food science and disease prevention. This work's theoretical insights contribute significantly to a deeper understanding of these aspects, which holds paramount importance in unleashing the full potential of ulvan and elevating its scientific significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaluck Kraithong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Nasuha Bunyameen
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
| | - Atiruj Theppawong
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4,, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xu Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Graduate Training Base in Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 518104 Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Suyong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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2
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Jiang C, Ma Y, Wang W, Sun J, Hao J, Mao X. Systematic review on carrageenolytic enzymes: From metabolic pathways to applications in biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108351. [PMID: 38582331 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Carrageenan, the major carbohydrate component of some red algae, is an important renewable bioresource with very large annual outputs. Different types of carrageenolytic enzymes in the carrageenan metabolic pathway are potentially valuable for the production of carrageenan oligosaccharides, biofuel, and other chemicals obtained from carrageenan. However, these enzymes are not well-developed for oligosaccharide or biofuel production. For further application, comprehensive knowledge of carrageenolytic enzymes is essential. Therefore, in this review, we first summarize various carrageenolytic enzymes, including the recently discovered β-carrageenase, carrageenan-specific sulfatase, exo-α-3,6-anhydro-D-galactosidase (D-ADAGase), and exo-β-galactosidase (BGase), and describe their enzymatic characteristics. Subsequently, the carrageenan metabolic pathways are systematically presented and applications of carrageenases and carrageenan oligosaccharides are illustrated with examples. Finally, this paper discusses critical aspects that can aid researchers in constructing cascade catalytic systems and engineered microorganisms to efficiently produce carrageenan oligosaccharides or other value-added chemicals through the degradation of carrageenan. Overall, this paper offers a comprehensive overview of carrageenolytic enzymes, providing valuable insights for further exploration and application of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianhua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Byproducts, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resource, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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3
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Das IJ, Bal T. Exploring carrageenan: From seaweed to biomedicine-A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131822. [PMID: 38677668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Biomaterials are pivotal in the realms of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery and serve as fundamental building blocks. Within this dynamic landscape, polymeric biomaterials emerge as the frontrunners, offering unparalleled versatility across physical, chemical, and biological domains. Natural polymers, in particular, captivate attention for their inherent bioactivity. Among these, carrageenan (CRG), extracted from red seaweeds, stands out as a naturally occurring polysaccharide with immense potential in various biomedical applications. CRG boasts a unique array of properties, encompassing antiviral, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and antitumor attributes, positioning it as an attractive choice for cutting-edge research in drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. This comprehensive review encapsulates the multifaceted properties of CRG, shedding light on the chemical modifications that it undergoes. Additionally, it spotlights pioneering research that harnesses the potential of CRG to craft scaffolds and drug delivery systems, offering high efficacy in the realms of tissue repair and disease intervention. In essence, this review celebrates the remarkable versatility of CRG and its transformative role in advancing biomedical solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itishree Jogamaya Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Trishna Bal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India.
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4
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Geng H, Chen M, Guo C, Wang W, Chen D. Marine polysaccharides: Biological activities and applications in drug delivery systems. Carbohydr Res 2024; 538:109071. [PMID: 38471432 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The ocean is the common home of a large number of marine organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. Researchers can extract thousands of important bioactive components from the oceans and use them extensively to treat and prevent diseases. In contrast, marine polysaccharide macromolecules such as alginate, carrageenan, Laminarin, fucoidan, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid have excellent physicochemical properties, good biocompatibility, and high bioactivity, which ensures their wide applications and strong therapeutic potentials in drug delivery. Drug delivery systems (DDS) based on marine polysaccharides and modified marine polysaccharide molecules have emerged as an innovative technology for controlling drug distribution on temporal, spatial, and dosage scales. They can detect and respond to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, and electric fields. These properties have led to their wide application in the design of novel drug delivery systems such as hydrogels, polymeric micelles, liposomes, microneedles, microspheres, etc. In addition, marine polysaccharide-based DDS not only have smart response properties but also can combine with the unique biological properties of the marine polysaccharide base to exert synergistic therapeutic effects. The biological activities of marine polysaccharides and the design of marine polysaccharide-based DDS are reviewed. Marine polysaccharide-based responsive DDS are expected to provide new strategies and solutions for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Geng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Meijun Chen
- Yantai Muping District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.505, Government Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264110, PR China.
| | - Chunjing Guo
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5# Yushan 10 Road, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Daquan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
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Sohail N, Azam M, Farhat H, Hira K, Urooj F, Qureshi SA, Ara J, Ali MS, Ehteshamul-Haque S. Ulva fasciata, a green alga, attenuates the kidney and liver dysfunctions in rats induced by acetaminophen. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:1-14. [PMID: 36476192 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2150206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (AAP) is an analgesic-antipyretic drug which is considered safe at recommended dose, but its overuse may induce renal and hepatic injuries. Marine macro algae have great potential against drug-induced renal and hepatic dysfunctions. The present study described the reno-protective and hepato-protective effects of the ethanol extract of an edible green alga Ulva fasciata and its fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and methanol) against AAP toxicity. In the 1st set of experiment, rats were divided into five groups. Of which two were treatment groups beside three controls, the first treatment group was given ethanol extract of U. fasciata alone and the second group was given the same extract with AAP. In the 2nd set of experiment, rats were divided into nine groups, of which three treatment groups administered n-hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions of ethanol extract of U. fasciata respectively while other three treatment groups received the same fractions individually with AAP. On the 11th day, rats were decapitated after 12 h of fasting from both sets, blood samples were collected for assessment of biochemical parameters and kidney tissues were used for determination of oxidants and antioxidants. Histopathological assessment was also done in kidney tissues. A single dose of AAP (600 mg/kg) affected kidney markers including creatinine, urea and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and hepatic enzymes. Ethanolic extract of U. fasciata normalized kidney and liver markers in AAP intoxicated rats. AAP also reduced glutathione (GSH) in kidney tissues and altered kidney architecture, which were improved by ethanolic extract and chloroform soluble fraction of U. fasciata. A total of 14 polyunsaturated fatty acids were identified from chloroform soluble fraction of U. fasciata by GC-MS and assumed these may be involved in protective activities of U. fasciata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Sohail
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maria Azam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Farhat
- Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khan Hira
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faizah Urooj
- Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shamim A Qureshi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jehan Ara
- Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shaiq Ali
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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6
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James J, Verma M, Sharma N. Nanotechnology-driven improvisation of red algae-derived carrageenan for industrial and bio-medical applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:4. [PMID: 37923917 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Algae biomass has been recognized as feedstock with diverse application including production of biofuel, biofertilizer, animal feed, wastewater treatment and bioremediation. In addition, algae species are a potential reservoir of metabolites and polymers with potential to be utilized for biomedicine, healthcare and industrial purposes. Carrageenan is one such medicinally and industrially significant polysaccharide which is extracted from red algae species (Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum, among the common species). The extraction process of carrageenan is affected by different environmental factors and the source of biomass, which can vary and significantly impact the yield. Diverse applications of carrageenan include hydrogel beads, bio-composites, pharmacological properties, application in cosmetics, food and related industries. Carrageenan biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities are significantly influenced by sulfation pattern, yield percentage and molecular weight. In addition to natural biomedical potential of carrageenan, synergetic effect of carrageenan- nanocomposites exhibit potential for further improvisation of biomedical applications. Nanotechnology driven bio-composites of carrageenan remarkably improve the quality of films, food packaging, and drug delivery systems. Such nano bio-composites exhibit enhanced stability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making them suitable alternatives for drug delivery, wound-healing, and tissue engineering applications. The present work is a comprehensive study to analyze biomedical and other applications of Carrageenan along with underlying mechanism or mode of action along with synergetic application of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerin James
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Monu Verma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, India
- Water-Energy Nexus Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Nishesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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Krishna Perumal P, Dong CD, Chauhan AS, Anisha GS, Kadri MS, Chen CW, Singhania RR, Patel AK. Advances in oligosaccharides production from algal sources and potential applications. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108195. [PMID: 37315876 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, algal-derived glycans and oligosaccharides have become increasingly important in health applications due to higher bioactivities than plant-derived oligosaccharides. The marine organisms have complex, and highly branched glycans and more reactive groups to elicit greater bioactivities. However, complex and large molecules have limited use in broad commercial applications due to dissolution limitations. In comparison to these, oligosaccharides show better solubility and retain their bioactivities, hence, offering better applications opportunity. Accordingly, efforts are being made to develop a cost-effective method for enzymatic extraction of oligosaccharides from algal polysaccharides and algal biomass. Yet detailed structural characterization of algal-derived glycans is required to produce and characterize the potential biomolecules for improved bioactivity and commercial applications. Some macroalgae and microalgae are being evaluated as in vivo biofactories for efficient clinical trials, which could be very helpful in understanding the therapeutic responses. This review discusses the recent advancements in the production of oligosaccharides from microalgae. It also discusses the bottlenecks of the oligosaccharides research, technological limitations, and probable solutions to these problems. Furthermore, it presents the emerging bioactivities of algal oligosaccharides and their promising potential for possible biotherapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchurajan Krishna Perumal
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Centre, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ajeet Singh Chauhan
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Grace Sathyanesan Anisha
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Mohammad Sibtain Kadri
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City-804201, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Centre, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Liyanage NM, Nagahawatta DP, Jayawardena TU, Sanjeewa KKA, Jayawrdhana HHACK, Kim JI, Jeon YJ. Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweeds: A Promising Strategy for Combatting Viral Diseases-A Review. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:461. [PMID: 37755074 PMCID: PMC10532895 DOI: 10.3390/md21090461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of treatments for many infectious diseases highlights the need for new treatments, particularly for viral infections. Natural compounds from seaweed are attracting increasing attention for the treatment of various viral diseases, and thousands of novel compounds have been isolated for the development of pharmaceutical products. Seaweed is a rich source of natural bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides. The discovery of algal polysaccharides with antiviral activity has significantly increased in the past few decades. Furthermore, unique polysaccharides isolated from seaweeds, such as carrageenan, alginates, fucoidans, galactans, laminarians, and ulvans, have been shown to act against viral infections. The antiviral mechanisms of these agents are based on their inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis, viral entry, and viral replication. In this article, we review and provide an inclusive description of the antiviral activities of algal polysaccharides. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for developing polysaccharide-based antiviral therapies, including issues related to drug delivery and formulation. Finally, this review highlights the need for further research for fully understanding the potential of seaweed polysaccharides as a source of antiviral agents and for developing effective treatments for viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.H.A.C.K.J.)
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.H.A.C.K.J.)
| | - Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Département of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada;
| | - Kalu Kapuge Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana 10206, Sri Lanka;
| | - H. H. A. C. K. Jayawrdhana
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.H.A.C.K.J.)
| | - Jae-Il Kim
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.H.A.C.K.J.)
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Wei Y, Zhu B, Yao Z, Jiang L. Biochemical characterization and elucidation of the action mode of a GH16 family κ-carrageenase for efficient preparation of carrageenan oligosaccharides. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:222. [PMID: 37285044 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenan oligosaccharides have a variety of biological activities. Degradation of κ-carrageenan by κ-carrageenase leads to degradation products with different degrees of polymerization (DPs). A novel gene (CecgkA) encoding a new κ-carrageenase was cloned from Colwellia echini and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The enzyme is 1104 bp in length, encodes 367 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 41.30 kDa. Multiple alignment analysis showed that CeCgkA belongs to the glycoside hydrolase (GH16) family and has the highest homology with the κ-carrageenase of Rhodopirellula maiorica SM1, with 58% homology. The CeCgkA showed maximum activity (453.15 U/mg) at pH 8.0 and 35 °C. Determination of biochemical properties showed that CeCgkA was a thermal recovery enzyme, and 51.6% of the initial enzyme activity was recovered by immediately placing the sample at 35 °C for 60 min after enzymatic inactivation by boiling for 10 min. K+, Na+, and EDTA had an activating effect on the enzyme activity, while Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ inhibited the activity of the enzyme. In addition, TLC and ESI-MS analysis showed that the maximum recognition unit of CecgkA was decasaccharide and that the main degradation products were disaccharides, tetrasaccharides and hexasaccharides, indicating that the enzyme is an endo-type carrageenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshang Wei
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
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He X, Chen F, Lu C, Wang S, Mao G, Jin W, Zhong W. Comparison of anti-tumor activities and underlying mechanisms of glucuronomannan oligosaccharides and its sulfated derivatives on the hepatocarcinoma Huh7.5 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 652:103-111. [PMID: 36841097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor triggered by various factors such as virus infection and alcohol abuse. Glucuronomannan polysaccharide (Gx) is a subtype of fucoidans that possesses many bioactivities, but its anti-tumor activities in HCC have not been reported. In this paper, the anti-tumor effects of glucuronomannan oligosaccharides (Gx) and its sulfated derivatives (GxSy) on hepatocarcinoma Huh7.5 cells were investigated. The anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis activities, and underlying mechanism of Gx and GxSy on Huh7.5 cells were analyzed and compared by MTT, wound healing, transwell, and western blotting assays, respectively. Results showed that the best anti-proliferation effects were G4S1 and G4S2 among 13 drugs, which were 38.67% and 30.14%, respectively. The cell migration rates were significantly inhibited by G2S1, G4S2, G6S2, and unsulfated Gn. In addition, cell invasion effects treated with G4S1, G4S2, and G6S1 decreased to 48.62%, 36.26%, and 42.86%, respectively. Furthermore, sulfated G4 regulated the expression of (p-) FAK and MAPK pathway, and sulfated G6 down-regulated the MAPK signaling pathway while activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. On the contrary, sulfated G2 and unsulfated Gx had no inhibited effects on the FAK-mTOR pathway. These results indicated that sulfated Gx derivatives have better anti-tumor activities than unsulfated Gx in cell proliferation and metastasis process in vitro, and those properties depend on the sulfation group levels. Moreover, degrees of polymerization of Gx also played a vital role in mechanisms and bioactivities. This finding shows the structure-activity relationship for developing and applying the marine oligosaccharide candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Fen Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Chenghui Lu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Sanying Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China.
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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Pradhan B, Ki JS. Biological activity of algal derived carrageenan: A comprehensive review in light of human health and disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124085. [PMID: 36948331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Carrageenans are a family of natural linear sulfated polysaccharides derived from red seaweeds and used as a common food additive. Carrageenan's properties, impact on health, and aesthetic benefits have all been studied for a long time; however, the mechanisms are still unclear. In pharmaceutical aspects, carrageenan displayed potential antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties in both in vivo and in vitro action. It also contributes to potential disease-preventive activities through dynamic modulation of important intracellular signaling pathways, regulation of ROS buildup, and preservation of major cell survival and death processes which leads to potential drug development. Furthermore, the chemical synthesis of the current bioactive medicine with confirmational rearrangement may increase availability and bioactivity needs diligent examination. In this review, we give an up-to-date overview of recent research on Carrageenan with reference to health and therapeutic advantages. In addition, we have focused on structural conformation and its primary strategic deployment in disease prevention, as well as the mechanistic investigation of how it functions to combat various disease-preventive employed for future therapeutic interventions. This review may get new insights into the possible novel role of carrageenan and open up a novel disease-preventive mechanism and enhance human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajita Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea; School of Biological Sciences, AIPH University, Bhubaneswar 752101, Odisha, India
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Preparation methods, biological activities, and potential applications of marine algae oligosaccharides: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Thipsawat S. Dietary Consumption on Glycemic Control Among Prediabetes: A Review of the Literature. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231218189. [PMID: 38130469 PMCID: PMC10734347 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231218189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prediabetes is a condition that, if left unaddressed, can lead to various complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Among the critical factors contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary choices stand out as particularly significant. Objective Consequently, our objective is to examine the latest research findings concerning dietary consumption and its impact on glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes. Methods A literature review of randomized controlled trials was performed using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect with searches conducted from January 2019 to 2023. The primary reviewer assessed the quality of the selected studies for bias risk using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal method for randomized controlled trials. Initially, 975 articles were identified through the search, but after applying the inclusion criteria, only 9 articles were ultimately selected. Results The review found that a carrageenan-free diet, yogurt with Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712, Allium hookeri extract (AHE), and delta-tocotrienol improve HbA1C levels. However, salmon, zinc supplement, and balanced deep-sea water were not effective on HbA1C. In addition, studies on the effectiveness of vitamin D in controlling blood glucose levels are inconsistent. Conclusion Nurses can enhance patient outcomes through collaborative efforts to create individualized dietary strategies. These strategies may encompass the adoption of a carrageenan-free diet, the inclusion of L plantarum OLL2712-enriched yogurt, the utilization of AHE, and the integration of delta-tocotrienol into the dietary plan. This approach is particularly applicable to ambulatory care nurses, health supervisors, and primary care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopida Thipsawat
- The Excellent Center of Community Health Promotion, School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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14
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Zaitseva OO, Sergushkina MI, Khudyakov AN, Polezhaeva TV, Solomina ON. Seaweed sulfated polysaccharides and their medicinal properties. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Guo Y, Ma A, Wang X, Yang C, Chen X, Li G, Qiu F. Research progress on the antiviral activities of natural products and their derivatives: Structure–activity relationships. Front Chem 2022; 10:1005360. [PMID: 36311429 PMCID: PMC9596788 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1005360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses spread rapidly and are well-adapted to changing environmental events. They can infect the human body readily and trigger fatal diseases. A limited number of drugs are available for specific viral diseases, which can lead to non-efficacy against viral variants and drug resistance, so drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity are lacking. In recent years, a steady stream of new viral diseases has emerged, which has prompted development of new antiviral drugs. Natural products could be employed to develop new antiviral drugs because of their innovative structures and broad antiviral activities. This review summarizes the progress of natural products in antiviral research and their bright performance in drug resistance issues over the past 2 decades. Moreover, it fully discusses the effect of different structural types of natural products on antiviral activity in terms of structure–activity relationships. This review could provide a foundation for the development of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Anna Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjfin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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16
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Cheng Y, Yang C, Li Z, Li X, Zou X, Li L, Cui M, Tian A, Li X, He W, Zhao Z, Ding Y. Anti-influenza virus activity of the REV-ERBα agonist SR9009 and related analogues. Antiviral Res 2022; 207:105418. [PMID: 36122620 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
REV-ERBα is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors that aids in the regulation of many diseases. However, the prospect of using REV-ERBα for anti-influenza virus treatment remains poorly described, and there is an urgent need to develop effective anti-influenza agents due to the emergence of drug-resistant influenza viruses. In this study, eight SR9009 analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their biological activities against multiple influenza virus strains (H1N1, H3N2, adamantane- and oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 and influenza B virus), using ribavirin as the positive control. SR9009 and its analogues showed low micromolar or submicromolar EC50 values and exhibited modestly improved antiviral potency compared to that of ribavirin. In particular, compound 5a possessed the most potent inhibitory activity (EC50 = 0.471, 0.644, 1.644, 0.712 and 0.661 μM for A/PR/8/34, A/WSN/33, A/Wisconsin/67/2005, B/Yamagata/16/88 and Hebei/SWL1/2006, respectively). Cotransfection assays showed that all synthesized derivatives efficaciously suppressed transcription driven by the Bmal1 promoter. Mechanistic study results indicated that 5a efficiently inhibited IAV replication and interfered with the ealry stage of influenza virus life cycle. In addition, we found that 5a upregulated the key antiviral interferon-stimulated genes MxA, OAS2 and CH25H. Further in-depth transcriptome analysis revealed a series of upregulated genes that may contribute to the antiviral activities of 5a. These findings may provide an important direction for the development of new host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chaofu Yang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Zhan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaocui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Menghan Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Airong Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhongpeng Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yongsheng Ding
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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17
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Oliyaei N, Moosavi-Nasab M, Mazloomi SM. Therapeutic activity of fucoidan and carrageenan as marine algal polysaccharides against viruses. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:154. [PMID: 35765662 PMCID: PMC9233728 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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18
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Huang W, Tan H, Nie S. Beneficial effects of seaweed-derived dietary fiber: Highlights of the sulfated polysaccharides. Food Chem 2022; 373:131608. [PMID: 34815114 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Seaweeds and their derivatives are important bioresources of natural bioactive compounds. Nutritional studies indicate that dietary fibers derived from seaweeds have great beneficial potentials in human health and can be developed as functional food. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides are more likely to be the main bioactive components which are widely distributed in various species of seaweeds including Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Chlorophyceae. The catabolism by gut microbiota of the seaweeds-derived dietary fibers (DFs) may be one of the pivotal pathways of their physiological functions. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the latest results of the physiological characteristics of seaweed-derived dietary fiber and highlighted the roles of sulfated polysaccharides in the potential regulatory mechanisms against disorders. Meanwhile, the effects of different types of seaweed-derived dietary fiber on gut microbiota were discussed. The analysis of the structure-function correlations and gut microbiota related mechanisms and will contribute to further better applications in food and biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huizi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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19
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The inhibition effects and mechanisms of sulfated chitooligosaccharides on influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 286:119316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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20
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Advances in the Prophylaxis of Respiratory Infections by the Nasal and the Oromucosal Route: Relevance to the Fight with the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030530. [PMID: 35335905 PMCID: PMC8953301 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this time of COVID-19 pandemic, the strategies for prevention of the infection are a primary concern. Looking more globally on the subject and acknowledging the high degree of misuse of protective face masks from the population, we focused this review on alternative pharmaceutical developments eligible for self-defense against respiratory infections. In particular, the attention herein is directed to the nasal and oromucosal formulations intended to boost the local immunity, neutralize or mechanically “trap” the pathogens at the site of entry (nose or mouth). The current work presents a critical review of the contemporary methods of immune- and chemoprophylaxis and their suitability and applicability in topical mucosal dosage forms for SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis.
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21
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Polysaccharides and Тheir Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Molecules. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020426. [PMID: 35216019 PMCID: PMC8879384 DOI: 10.3390/v14020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it appears that our scientific resources and the medical community are not sufficiently developed to combat rapid viral spread all over the world. A number of viruses causing epidemics have already disseminated across the world in the last few years, such as the dengue or chinkungunya virus, the Ebola virus, and other coronavirus families such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV). The outbreaks of these infectious diseases have demonstrated the difficulty of treating an epidemic before the creation of vaccine. Different antiviral drugs already exist. However, several of them cause side effects or have lost their efficiency because of virus mutations. It is essential to develop new antiviral strategies, but ones that rely on more natural compounds to decrease the secondary effects. Polysaccharides, which have come to be known in recent years for their medicinal properties, including antiviral activities, are an excellent alternative. They are essential for the metabolism of plants, microorganisms, and animals, and are directly extractible. Polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention due to their therapeutic properties, low toxicity, and availability, and seem to be attractive candidates as antiviral drugs of tomorrow.
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22
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Guo Z, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zheng L, Zhu B, Yao Z. Carrageenan oligosaccharides: A comprehensive review of preparation, isolation, purification, structure, biological activities and applications. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Ray B, Ali I, Jana S, Mukherjee S, Pal S, Ray S, Schütz M, Marschall M. Antiviral Strategies Using Natural Source-Derived Sulfated Polysaccharides in the Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Major Human Pathogenic Viruses. Viruses 2021; 14:35. [PMID: 35062238 PMCID: PMC8781365 DOI: 10.3390/v14010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a mere fraction of the huge variety of human pathogenic viruses can be targeted by the currently available spectrum of antiviral drugs. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak has highlighted the urgent need for molecules that can be deployed quickly to treat novel, developing or re-emerging viral infections. Sulfated polysaccharides are found on the surfaces of both the susceptible host cells and the majority of human viruses, and thus can play an important role during viral infection. Such polysaccharides widely occurring in natural sources, specifically those converted into sulfated varieties, have already proved to possess a high level and sometimes also broad-spectrum antiviral activity. This antiviral potency can be determined through multifold molecular pathways, which in many cases have low profiles of cytotoxicity. Consequently, several new polysaccharide-derived drugs are currently being investigated in clinical settings. We reviewed the present status of research on sulfated polysaccharide-based antiviral agents, their structural characteristics, structure-activity relationships, and the potential of clinical application. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of sulfated polysaccharides involved in viral infection or in antiviral activity, respectively, are discussed, together with a focus on the emerging methodology contributing to polysaccharide-based drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Saikat Pal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Sayani Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India; (I.A.); (S.J.); (S.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Martin Schütz
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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24
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Zhao D, Pu Z, Su Q, Zhang Y, Sun W, Bao Y. Self-assembled κ-carrageenase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers exerting high catalytic efficiency with stable and recyclable properties. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 153:109957. [PMID: 34847438 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenan oligosaccharides from κ-carrageenan hydrolysis are important biochemicals with more bioactivity. Enzyme engineering plays a key role in improving κ-carrageenase catalytic efficiency for production of κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides. Effect of metal ions on enzyme activity, especially stability and efficiency, is main factor in catalytic process, but metal ions addition leads to gelation of κ-carrageenan solution. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation was used to explore the interaction between κ-carrageenase CgkPZ and Ca2+, and Ca2+ bonded to D164 and E167 in the catalytic center resulting in the catalytic efficiency increase. Circular dichroism analysis indicated that the secondary structure of κ-carrageenase could change in the presence of Ca2+. Therefore, a novel self-assembly κ-carrageenase-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers CaNF@CgkPZ was synthesized and systematically characterized. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of CaNF@CgkPZ was 382.1 mL·mg-1·s-1, increased by 292% compared with free κ-carrageenase. Notably, the enzyme activity of CaNF@CgkPZ was not reduced significantly after 19 cycles use, and 70-100% relative activity was still retained when stored at 4-25 ℃ for 15 days. This work provides an efficient approach for κ-carrageenase immobilization with good storage stability, reusability and enhanced catalytic efficiency, which is of great significance in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Zhao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Ningbo institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, China
| | - Zhongji Pu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiao Su
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wenhui Sun
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yongming Bao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China; Ningbo institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, China; School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
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25
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Recent advances in antiviral activities and potential mechanisms of sulfated polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118526. [PMID: 34420760 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides derived from plants, fungi and animals are well known as ideal functional products with multiple biological activities and few side effects. Among them, natural occurring sulfated polysaccharides and those from synthetic origin are increasingly causing more attention worldwide, as they have been proved to possess broad-spectrum antiviral activities. The focus of this review is on analyzing the current state of knowledge about the origin of sulfated polysaccharides, more importantly, the potential connection between the structure and their antiviral mechanisms. Sulfated polysaccharide may interfere with a few steps in the virus life cycle (i.e. adsorption, invasion, transcription and replication) and/or improve the host antiviral immune response. Moreover, their antiviral activity was affected by degree of substitution, substitution position, molecular weight, and spatial conformation. This review may provide approach for the development of novel and potent therapeutic agents.
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Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Carrageenase Production by Cellulophaga Species: A Comparative Study. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100971. [PMID: 34681070 PMCID: PMC8533080 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cellulophaga species are rarely studied marine bacteria with the potential for carrageenase production. We examined the carrageenase secretion ability of six bacterial species from the Cellulophaga genus. Among them, C. algicola produced the maximum amount of ι-carrageenase. Most of the bacteria produced their highest quantity of enzymes at 25 °C after 48 h of incubation time. The maximum enzyme production was achieved with the fermentation medium composition of 30 g/L sea salt, 1.4 g/L furcellaran and 3 g/L yeast extract. In addition, the properties of the ultrafiltered ι-carrageenase extracted from C. algicola were studied. Abstract Carrageenases appear in various species of marine bacteria and are widely used for the degradation of carrageenans, the commercially significant sulphated polysaccharides. The carrageenase production ability of six different Cellulophaga species was identified, with ι-carrageenase being the most abundant carrageenolytic enzyme. C. algicola was the most potent strain, followed by C. fucicola and C. geojensis, whereas C. pacifica was the least effective carrageenase producer among the studied strains. The enzyme production was maximized using the one-factor-at-a-time optimization method. The optimal incubation temperature was identified as 25 °C and the incubation time was set as 48 h for all tested species. The optimal medium composition for Cellulophaga strains was determined as 30 g/L sea salt, 1.4 g/L furcellaran, and 3 g/L yeast extract. An ultrafiltered enzyme extracted from C. algicola had the highest activity at around 40 °C. The optimal pH for enzymatic degradation was determined as 7.8, and the enzyme was fairly stable at temperatures up to 40 °C.
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Potential Antiviral Properties of Industrially Important Marine Algal Polysaccharides and Their Significance in Fighting a Future Viral Pandemic. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091817. [PMID: 34578399 PMCID: PMC8473461 DOI: 10.3390/v13091817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the decades, the world has witnessed diverse virus associated pandemics. The significant inhibitory effects of marine sulfated polysaccharides against SARS-CoV-2 shows its therapeutic potential in future biomedical applications and drug development. Algal polysaccharides exhibited significant role in antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidative, antiviral, anticoagulant, antihepatotoxic and immunomodulating activities. Owing to their health benefits, the sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae are a great deal of interest globally. Algal polysaccharides such as agar, alginate, carrageenans, porphyran, fucoidan, laminaran and ulvans are investigated for their nutraceutical potential at different stages of infection processes, structural diversity, complexity and mechanism of action. In this review, we focus on the recent antiviral studies of the marine algae-based polysaccharides and their potential towards antiviral medicines.
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28
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Álvarez-Viñas M, Souto S, Flórez-Fernández N, Torres MD, Bandín I, Domínguez H. Antiviral Activity of Carrageenans and Processing Implications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:437. [PMID: 34436276 PMCID: PMC8400836 DOI: 10.3390/md19080437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrageenan and carrageenan oligosaccharides are red seaweed sulfated carbohydrates with well-known antiviral properties, mainly through the blocking of the viral attachment stage. They also exhibit other interesting biological properties and can be used to prepare different drug delivery systems for controlled administration. The most active forms are λ-, ι-, and κ-carrageenans, the degree and sulfation position being determined in their properties. They can be obtained from sustainable worldwide available resources and the influence of manufacturing on composition, structure, and antiviral properties should be considered. This review presents a survey of the antiviral properties of carrageenan in relation to the processing conditions, particularly those assisted by intensification technologies during the extraction stage, and discusses the possibility of further chemical modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Álvarez-Viñas
- CINBIO, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (N.F.-F.); (M.D.T.)
| | - Sandra Souto
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Noelia Flórez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (N.F.-F.); (M.D.T.)
| | - Maria Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (N.F.-F.); (M.D.T.)
| | - Isabel Bandín
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (N.F.-F.); (M.D.T.)
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Mendis PM, Sasiene ZJ, Ropartz D, Rogniaux H, Jackson GP. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography charge transfer dissociation mass spectrometry (UHPLC-CTD-MS) as a tool for analyzing the structural heterogeneity in carrageenan oligosaccharides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:303-318. [PMID: 34050776 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with charge transfer dissociation mass spectrometry (CTD-MS) is presented for the analysis of a mixture of complex sulfated oligosaccharides. The mixture contained kappa (κ), iota (ι), and lambda (λ) carrageenans that contain anhydro bridges, different degrees of sulfation ranging from one to three per dimer, different positioning of the sulfate groups along the backbone, and varying degrees of polymerization (DP) between 4 and 12. Optimization studies using standard mixtures of carrageenans helped establish the optimal conditions for online UHPLC-CTD-MS/MS analysis. Optimization included (1) UHPLC conditions; (2) ion source conditions, such as the capillary voltage, drying gas and nebulizing gas temperature, and flow rate; and (3) CTD-MS conditions, including data-dependent CTD-MS. The UHPLC-CTD results were contrasted with UHPLC-CID results of the same mixture on the same instrument. Whereas CID tends to produce B/Y and C/Z ions with many neutral losses, CTD produced more abundant A/X ions and less abundant neutral losses, which enabled more confident structural detail. The results demonstrate that He-CTD is compatible with the timescale of UHPLC and provides more structural information about carrageenans compared to state-of-the-art methods like UHPLC-CID analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praneeth M Mendis
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA
| | - Zachary J Sasiene
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA, 44316, Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, 44316, Nantes, France
| | - Glen P Jackson
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA.
- Department of Forensic and Investigative Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506-6121, USA.
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Sun Y, Chen X, Liu H, Liu S, Yu H, Wang X, Qin Y, Li P. Preparation of New Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharide Long-Chain Alkyl Group Nanomicelles and Their Antiviral Properties against ALV-J. Molecules 2021; 26:3265. [PMID: 34071584 PMCID: PMC8199121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an immunosuppressive virus which has caused heavy losses to the poultry breeding industry. Currently, there is no effective medicine to treat this virus. In our previous experiments, the low-molecular-weight Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFP) was proven to possess antiviral activity against ALV-J, but its function was limited to the virus adsorption stage. In order to improve the antiviral activity of the SFP, in this study, three new SFP long-chain alkyl group nanomicelles (SFP-C12M, SFP-C14M and SFP-C16M) were prepared. The nanomicelles were characterized according to their physical and chemical properties. The nanomicelles were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, critical micelle concentration and morphology. The results showed the particle sizes of the three nanomicelles were all approximately 200 nm and SFP-C14M and SFP-C16M were more stable than SFP-C12M. The newly prepared nanomicelles exhibited a better anti-ALV-J activity than the SFP, with SFP-C16M exhibiting the best antiviral effects in both the virus adsorption stage and the replication stage. The results of the giant unilamellar vesicle exposure experiment demonstrated that the new virucidal effect of the nanomicelles might be caused by damage to the phospholipid membrane of ALV-J. This study provides a potential idea for ALV-J prevention and development of other antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hong Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.S.); (H.L.); (S.L.); (H.Y.); (X.W.); (Y.Q.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Module function analysis of a full-length κ-carrageenase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. ZDY3. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1473-1483. [PMID: 34019922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenan oligosaccharides with many excellent biological properties could be produced by κ-carrageenases selectively. In this study, based on the encoding gene of full length κ-carrageenase obtained from Pseudoalteromonas sp. ZDY3 and the reported mature secreted κ-carrageenase composed of 275 amino acid residues (N26-T300), CgkPZ_GH16 was expressed in E. coli, but no soluble active protein could be detected. Fortunately, the signal peptide of wild-type κ-carrageenase was recognized, and cleaved in the soluble and folding form in E. coli, the Km and kcat values of CgkPZ_SP_GH16 was 1.007 mg/mL and 362.8 s-1. By molecular dynamics simulations, it was showed that YjdB domain might affect the activity of κ-carrageenase. Due to the absence of mature processing modification system in E. coli, YjdB was remained in recombinant full length κ-carrageenase, and the lost catalytic efficiency of CgkPZ was compensated by expression level and thermal stability. Interestingly, CgkPZ_GH16_YjdB was expressed soluble without the signal peptide, which indicated that YjdB could contribute to the expression and folding of κ-carrageenase. These results provide new insight into the effects of different modules of κ-carrageenase on the expression and properties of enzyme.
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Jabeen M, Dutot M, Fagon R, Verrier B, Monge C. Seaweed Sulfated Polysaccharides against Respiratory Viral Infections. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:733. [PMID: 34065660 PMCID: PMC8156470 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections have been a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite massive advancements in the virology field, no specific treatment exists for most respiratory viral infections. Approved therapies against respiratory viruses rely almost exclusively on synthetic drugs that have potential side effects, restricting their use. This review aims to present natural marine sulfated polysaccharides possessing promising antiviral activity against respiratory viruses that could be a safe alternative to synthetic broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. The antiviral properties of marine sulfated polysaccharides are presented according to their mechanism of action on different types and strains of respiratory viruses, and the potential limits of their use are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Jabeen
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France;
| | - Mélody Dutot
- Recherche & Développement, Yslab, 29000 Quimper, France; (M.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Roxane Fagon
- Recherche & Développement, Yslab, 29000 Quimper, France; (M.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France;
| | - Claire Monge
- Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, 69367 Lyon, France;
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Jiang JL, Zhang WZ, Ni WX, Shao JW. Insight on structure-property relationships of carrageenan from marine red algal: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 257:117642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Chen X, Han W, Wang G, Zhao X. Application prospect of polysaccharides in the development of anti-novel coronavirus drugs and vaccines. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:331-343. [PMID: 32679328 PMCID: PMC7358770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it has spread rapidly worldwide and poses a great threat to public health. This is the third serious coronavirus outbreak in <20 years, following SARS in 2002-2003 and MERS in 2012. So far, there are almost no specific clinically effective drugs and vaccines available for COVID-19. Polysaccharides with good safety, immune regulation and antiviral activity have broad application prospects in anti-virus, especially in anti-coronavirus applications. Here, we reviewed the antiviral mechanisms of some polysaccharides, such as glycosaminoglycans, marine polysaccharides, traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides, and their application progress in anti-coronavirus. In particular, the application prospects of polysaccharide-based vaccine adjuvants, nanomaterials and drug delivery systems in the fight against novel coronavirus were also analyzed and summarized. Additionally, we speculate the possible mechanisms of polysaccharides anti-SARS-CoV-2, and propose the strategy of loading S or N protein from coronavirus onto polysaccharide capped gold nanoparticles vaccine for COVID-19 treatment. This review may provide a new approach for the development of COVID-19 therapeutic agents and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Wenwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guixiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Zhao D, Jiang B, Zhang Y, Sun W, Pu Z, Bao Y. Purification and characterization of a cold-adapted κ-carrageenase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. ZDY3. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 178:105768. [PMID: 33035660 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
κ-Carrageenase (EC3.2.1.83) is a class of glycoside hydrolase, which can be used for hydrolysis of κ-carrageenan to κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides. In this study, a bacterium, identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. ZDY3 isolated from rotten algae, was capable to degrade κ-carrageenan. The κ-carrageenase produced by Pseudoalteromonas sp. ZDY3 was purified to homogeneity and named as CgkZDY3. The accurate molecular mass of CgkZDY3 was determined through LC-HRMS, and a posttranslational removal of C-terminal end of the protein was discovered. CgkZDY3 had strict hydrolysis specificity to κ-carrageenan, the values of Km and kcat/Km of CgkZDY3 were 3.67 mg mL-1 and 53.0 mL mg-1 s-1, respectively. CgkZDY3 was a cold-adapted κ-carrageenase with excellent storage stability of both the temperature below 35 °C and a wide pH range, and was an endo-type κ-carrageenase with high hydrolysis rate, oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization can be obtained by controlling the hydrolysis time, and the final products were κ-neocarrabiose and κ-neocarratetraose. These properties are of great significance for production of κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides with different polymerization degrees under process control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Zhao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wenhui Sun
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhongji Pu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yongming Bao
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China.
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Khotimchenko M, Tiasto V, Kalitnik A, Begun M, Khotimchenko R, Leonteva E, Bryukhovetskiy I, Khotimchenko Y. Antitumor potential of carrageenans from marine red algae. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rosales-Mendoza S, García-Silva I, González-Ortega O, Sandoval-Vargas JM, Malla A, Vimolmangkang S. The Potential of Algal Biotechnology to Produce Antiviral Compounds and Biopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2020; 25:E4049. [PMID: 32899754 PMCID: PMC7571207 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to an unprecedented pandemic, which demands urgent development of antiviral drugs and antibodies; as well as prophylactic approaches, namely vaccines. Algae biotechnology has much to offer in this scenario given the diversity of such organisms, which are a valuable source of antiviral and anti-inflammatory compounds that can also be used to produce vaccines and antibodies. Antivirals with possible activity against SARS-CoV-2 are summarized, based on previously reported activity against Coronaviruses or other enveloped or respiratory viruses. Moreover, the potential of algae-derived anti-inflammatory compounds to treat severe cases of COVID-19 is contemplated. The scenario of producing biopharmaceuticals in recombinant algae is presented and the cases of algae-made vaccines targeting viral diseases is highlighted as valuable references for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Successful cases in the production of functional antibodies are described. Perspectives on how specific algae species and genetic engineering techniques can be applied for the production of anti-viral compounds antibodies and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ileana García-Silva
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
| | - José M. Sandoval-Vargas
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (I.G.-S.); (O.G.-O.); (J.M.S.-V.)
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Ashwini Malla
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sornkanok Vimolmangkang
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Research Unit for Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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UV Irradiation and Ozone Treatment of κ-Carrageenan: Kinetics and Products Characteristics. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7047.319-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The low molecular weight (LMW) of sulfated polysaccharides including k-carrageenan, is shows a wide spectrum of biological activities. This research investigates the influence of UV irradiation, ozone (O3), and the combination of O3/UV methods on the depolymerization of k-carrageenan. The depolymerization kinetics of k-carrageenan using the Advanced Oxidation Process (UV/O3) was also studied. Furthermore, the intrinsic viscosity method was used to determine the average molecular weight of the research sample, and a mathematical model was developed to predict the kinetic rate constant, as a function of ozone dosage and UV irradiation intensity. Therefore, the physicochemical and morphological properties of the degraded k-carrageenan were analyzed by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The intrinsic viscosity k-carrageenan decreases with increasing UV light intensity and ozone concentration. The combination of UV/O3 treatment appeared to be more effective than the individual approaches, as the highest kinetic rate constant for depolymerization was 1.924×10-4 min-1, using 125 mg/L ozone concentration and 40 mW/cm2 of UV lamp intensity. This research also evaluated the relationship between various experimental conditions, including UV lamp power dissipation and ozone concentration on the reaction kinetics model, and the results suggest that lower effect is contributed by UV irradiation intensity. In addition, FT-IR spectra showed the absence of any significant change in the functional properties of k-carrageenan treated with UV and O3 processes, although the morphological properties of the LMW k-carrageenan were rougher and more porous than the native k-carrageenan. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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A Review of the Varied Uses of Macroalgae as Dietary Supplements in Selected Poultry with Special Reference to Laying Hen and Broiler Chickens. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8070536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seaweeds comprise ca. 12,000 species. Global annual harvest is ca. 30.13 million metric tonnes, (valued ca. $11.7 billion USD in 2016) for various commercial applications. The growing scope of seaweed-based applications in food, agricultural fertilizers, animal feed additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and personal care is expected to boost market demand. Agriculture and animal feed applications held the second largest seaweed market share in 2017, and the combined market is anticipated to reach much higher values by 2024 due to the impacts of current research and development targeting enhanced animal health and productivity. In general, seaweeds have been utilized in animal feed as a rich source of carbohydrates, protein, minerals, vitamins and dietary fibers with relatively well-balanced amino acid profiles and a unique blend of bioactive compounds. Worldwide, the animal nutrition market is largely driven by rising demand for poultry feeds, which represents ca. 47% of the total consumption for all animal nutrition. This review provides an overview of the utilization of specific seaweeds as sustainable feed sources for poultry production, including a detailed survey of seaweed-supplemented diets on growth, performance, gastrointestinal flora, disease, immunity and overall health of laying/broiler hens. Anti-microbial effects of seaweeds are also discussed.
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Guo C, Zhu Z, Yu P, Zhang X, Dong W, Wang X, Chen Y, Liu X. Inhibitory effect of iota-carrageenan on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro. Antivir Ther 2020; 24:261-270. [PMID: 30747721 DOI: 10.3851/imp3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an economically important pathogen and causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide each year. Current vaccination strategies do not effectively prevent and control the virus. Consequently, it is necessary to develop novel antiviral strategies. Carrageenan, extracted from marine red algae, exhibits anti-coagulant, anti-tumour, anti-virus and immunomodulatory activities. METHODS We investigate the inhibitory effect of iota-carrageenan (CG) on PRRSV strain CH-1a via antiviral assay and viral binding, entry and release assays. RESULTS We found that CG effectively inhibited CH-1a replication at mRNA and protein levels in both Marc-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). The antiviral activity of CG occurred during viral attachment and entry in virus life cycle. In addition, CG suppressed viral release in Marc-145 cells, as well as blocked CH-1a-induced apoptosis during the late period of infection. Furthermore, CG inhibited CH-1a-induced NF-κB activation, thus interfering with cytokine production in Marc-145 cells and PAMs, which contributes to its anti-PRRSV activity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data imply that CG might be an ideal candidate that is worthwhile developing into a new anti-PRRSV prophylactic and therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhe Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenbang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Piao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
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Wu G, Yu G, Yu Y, Yang S, Duan Z, Wang W, Liu Y, Yu R, Li J, Zhu T, Gu Q, Li D. Chemoreactive-Inspired Discovery of Influenza A Virus Dual Inhibitor to Block Hemagglutinin-Mediated Adsorption and Membrane Fusion. J Med Chem 2020; 63:6924-6940. [PMID: 32520560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the emergence of drug resistance and high morbidity and mortality, the need for novel anti-influenza A virus (IAV) drugs with divergent targets is highly sought after. Herein, we reveal the discovery of an anti-IAV agent as a dual inhibitor to block hemagglutinin-mediated adsorption and membrane fusion using a chemoreactive ortho-quinone methide (o-QM) equivalent. Based on the o-QM equivalent nonenzymatically multipotent behavior, we created a series of clavatol-derived pseudo-natural products and found that penindolone (PND), a new diclavatol indole adduct, exhibited potent and broad-spectrum anti-IAV activities with low risk of inducing drug resistance. Distinct from current anti-IAV drugs, PND possesses a novel scaffold and is the first IAV inhibitor targeting both HA1 and HA2 subunits of virus hemagglutinin to dually block the IAV adsorption and membrane fusion process. More importantly, intranasal and oral administration of PND can protect mice against IAV-induced death and weight loss, superior to the effects of the clinical drug oseltamivir. Thus, the use of chemoreactive intermediates could expand our understanding of chemical diversity and aid in the development of anti-IAV drugs with novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Guihong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yunjia Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Rilei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education; School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 26003, Shandong, P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
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Anestopoulos I, Kiousi DE, Klavaris A, Maijo M, Serpico A, Suarez A, Sanchez G, Salek K, Chasapi SA, Zompra AA, Galanis A, Spyroulias GA, Gombau L, Euston SR, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Marine-Derived Surface Active Agents: Health-Promoting Properties and Blue Biotechnology-Based Applications. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10060885. [PMID: 32526944 PMCID: PMC7355491 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface active agents are characterized for their capacity to adsorb to fluid and solid-water interfaces. They can be classified as surfactants and emulsifiers based on their molecular weight (MW) and properties. Over the years, the chemical surfactant industry has been rapidly increasing to meet consumer demands. Consequently, such a boost has led to the search for more sustainable and biodegradable alternatives, as chemical surfactants are non-biodegradable, thus causing an adverse effect on the environment. To these ends, many microbial and/or marine-derived molecules have been shown to possess various biological properties that could allow manufacturers to make additional health-promoting claims for their products. Our aim, in this review article, is to provide up to date information of critical health-promoting properties of these molecules and their use in blue-based biotechnology (i.e., biotechnology using aquatic organisms) with a focus on food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical/biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Anestopoulos
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.A.); (D.-E.K.); (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Despina-Evgenia Kiousi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.A.); (D.-E.K.); (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Ariel Klavaris
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.A.); (D.-E.K.); (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Monica Maijo
- Division of Health & Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Centre, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Annabel Serpico
- Division of Health & Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Centre, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Alba Suarez
- Division of Health & Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Centre, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Guiomar Sanchez
- Division of Health & Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Centre, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Karina Salek
- Institute of Mechanical, Process & Energy Engineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (K.S.); (S.R.E.)
| | - Stylliani A. Chasapi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece; (S.A.C.); (A.A.Z.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Aikaterini A. Zompra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece; (S.A.C.); (A.A.Z.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Alex Galanis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.A.); (D.-E.K.); (A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Georgios A. Spyroulias
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece; (S.A.C.); (A.A.Z.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Lourdes Gombau
- Division of Health & Biomedicine, LEITAT Technological Centre, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (G.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Stephen R. Euston
- Institute of Mechanical, Process & Energy Engineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (K.S.); (S.R.E.)
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.A.); (D.-E.K.); (A.K.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy & Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, PO Box 23462, 1683 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (M.I.P.)
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Chen X, Zhao X, Wang G. Review on marine carbohydrate-based gold nanoparticles represented by alginate and chitosan for biomedical application. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 244:116311. [PMID: 32536396 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been attracted considerable attention in cancer therapy, drug delivery and other applications due to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties. Marine carbohydrates are important biological macromolecules that widely exist in marine algae and animals, such as alginate, carrageenan, porphyran, fucoidan, ulvan, agarose, and chitosan. Their excellent properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and no irritation, make them widely used in biomedicine and nanomaterials fields. More importantly, they can be easily modified by functional groups, such as sulfation, acetylation, and carboxylation, to further extend their applications. The marine carbohydrates functionalized AuNPs can increase their biocompatibility and targeting in a green preparation method. Here, we review recent advances on marine carbohydrate-based AuNPs for cancer therapy, imaging, drug delivery and other biomedical fields. The topics of selective surface modification in different carbohydrates and further biomedical applications of AuNPs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Guixiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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Ulvan lyase assisted structural characterization of ulvan from Ulva pertusa and its antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:75-82. [PMID: 32344076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Marine green algae are valuable sources of diverse health-promoting bioactive components. Ulvan is suitable for biological applications due to its unique structure and numerous bioactivities. Here, the complex structure of ulvan from Ulva pertusa was analyzed using specific ulvan lyase degradation, MS, and NMR detection. Its structure mainly consists of →4)-β-d-GlcA-(1 → 4)-α-l-Rha3S-(1 → and →4)-β-d-Xyl-(1 → 4)-α-l-Rha3S-(1 → repeating units. Small amounts of →4)-α-l-IdoA-(1 → 4)-α-l-Rha3S-(1 → unit also exist. In addition, a minor number of branches, a single GlcA, and a long branch containing GlcA-Glc were linked to Rha3S. The antiviral activity of the ulvan and its degraded fragments were further investigated. Ulvan (1068.2 kDa) and ulvan-F1 (38.5 kDa) with relatively high molecular weight showed potency of inhibiting the infection and replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) at 100 μg/mL, the inhibition rate of VSV replication was 40.75% and 40.13%, respectively. These results indicated that ulvan has potential as a functional agent.
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46
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Bennett C, Ramezanpour M, Cooksley C, Vreugde S, Psaltis AJ. Kappa-carrageenan sinus rinses reduce inflammation and intracellular Staphylococcus aureus infection in airway epithelial cells. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019; 9:918-925. [PMID: 31162892 DOI: 10.1002/alr.22360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease, often refractory to conventional antimicrobial treatment. In this study we investigate the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of adding kappa-carrageenan to a commercially available sinus rinse. METHODS Kappa-carrageenan was added to Flo CRS and Flo Sinus Care sinus rinses and applied directly to air-liquid interface cultured primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from 10 CRS patients. Inflammatory markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kappa-carrageenan-supplemented sinus rinses were applied to human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEs) in the presence of different Staphylococcus aureus strains to observe the effect on intracellular infection rates. RESULTS Flo Sinus Care with kappa-carrageenan rinse solutions resulted in a marked reduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by HNECs from CRS patients (p = 0.007). Both Flo CRS and Flo Sinus Care rinses significantly reduced the S aureus intracellular infection of HBEs (p < 0.0001). The addition of kappa-carrageenan to both Flo CRS and Flo Sinus Care rinses further reduced the intracellular infection rate by an average of 2%. CONCLUSIONS The commonly used sinus irrigation product Flo Sinus Care with added kappa-carrageenan reduces IL-6 production by HNECs in vitro. Flo CRS and Flo Sinus Care rinses significantly reduced S aureus intracellular infection rates of HBE cells. Our findings may have clinical relevance for CRS patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Bennett
- Department of Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Department of Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Clare Cooksley
- Department of Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Department of Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alkis James Psaltis
- Department of Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Hao C, Yu G, He Y, Xu C, Zhang L, Wang W. Marine glycan–based antiviral agents in clinical or preclinical trials. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2043. [PMID: 30942528 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cui Hao
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex DiseasesAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao PR China
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of EducationOcean University of China Qingdao PR China
| | - Yanli He
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex DiseasesAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao PR China
| | - Cuijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of EducationOcean University of China Qingdao PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Systems Biology and Medicine Center for Complex DiseasesAffiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of EducationOcean University of China Qingdao PR China
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Boncan DAT, David AME, Lluisma AO. A CAZyme-Rich Genome of a Taxonomically Novel Rhodophyte-Associated Carrageenolytic Marine Bacterium. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:685-705. [PMID: 29936557 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) have significant biotechnological potential as agents for degradation or modification of polysaccharides/glycans. As marine macroalgae are known to be rich in various types of polysaccharides, seaweed-associated bacteria are likely to be a good source of these CAZymes. A genomics approach can be used to explore CAZyme abundance and diversity, but it can also provide deep insights into the biology of CAZyme producers and, in particular, into molecular mechanisms that mediate their interaction with their hosts. In this study, a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, carrageenolytic, and culturable marine bacterium designated as AOL6 was isolated from a diseased thallus of a carrageenan-producing farmed rhodophyte, Kappaphycus alvarezii (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta). The whole genome of this bacterium was sequenced and characterized. Sequence reads were assembled producing a high-quality genome assembly. The estimated genome size of the bacterium is 4.4 Mb and a G+C content of 52%. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on a complete sequence of 16S rRNA, rpoB, and a set of 38 single-copy genes suggests that the bacterium is an unknown species and represents a novel genus in the family Cellvibrionaceae that is most closely related to the genera Teredinibacter and Saccharophagus. Genome comparison with T. turnerae T7901 and S. degradans 2-40 reveals several features shared by the three species, including a large number of CAZymes that comprised > 5% of the total number of protein-coding genes. The high proportion of CAZymes found in the AOL6 genome exceeds that of other known carbohydrate degraders, suggesting a significant capacity to degrade a range of polysaccharides including κ-carrageenan; 34% of these CAZymes have signal peptide sequences for secretion. Three putative κ-carrageenase-encoding genes were identified from the genome of the bacterium via in silico analysis, consistent with the results of the zymography assay (with κ-carrageenan as substrate). Genome analysis also indicated that AOL6 relies exclusively on type 2 secretion system (T2SS) for secreting proteins (possibly including glycoside hydrolases). In relation to T2SS, the product of the pilZ gene was predicted to be highly expressed, suggesting specialization for cell adhesion and secretion of virulence factors. The assignment of proteins to clusters of orthologous groups (COGs) revealed a pattern characteristic of r-strategists. Majority of two-component system proteins identified in the AOL6 genome were also predicted to be involved in chemotaxis and surface colonization. These genomic features suggest that AOL6 is an opportunistic pathogen, adapted to colonizing polysaccharide-rich hosts, including carrageenophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delbert Almerick T Boncan
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
- National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Anne Marjorie E David
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Arturo O Lluisma
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines.
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Li J, Chen Y, Yuan N, Zeng M, Zhao Y, Yu R, Liu Z, Wu H, Dong S. A Novel Natural Influenza A H1N1 Virus Neuraminidase Inhibitory Peptide Derived from Cod Skin Hydrolysates and Its Antiviral Mechanism. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16100377. [PMID: 30308963 PMCID: PMC6213599 DOI: 10.3390/md16100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a novel natural influenza A H1N1 virus neuraminidase (NA) inhibitory peptide derived from cod skin hydrolysates was purified and its antiviral mechanism was explored. From the hydrolysates, novel efficient NA-inhibitory peptides were purified by a sequential approach utilizing an ultrafiltration membrane (5000 Da), sephadex G-15 gel column and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The amino acid sequence of the pure peptide was determined by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) was PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL, with a molecular weight of 2163 Da. The analysis of the Lineweacer–Burk model indicated that the peptide was a competitive NA inhibitor with Ki of 0.29 mM and could directly bind free enzymes. In addition, docking studies suggested that hydrogen binding might be the driving force for the binding affinity of PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL to NA. The cytopathic effect reduction assay showed that the peptide PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL protected Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells from viral infection and reduced the viral production in a dose-dependent manner. The EC50 value was 471 ± 12 μg/mL against H1N1. Time-course analysis showed that PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL inhibited influenza virus in the early stage of the infectious cycle. The virus titers assay indicated that the NA-inhibitory peptide PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL could directly affect the virus toxicity and adsorption by host cells, further proving that the peptide had an anti-viral effect with multiple target sites. The activity of NA-inhibitory peptide was almost inactivated during the simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, suggesting that oral administration is not recommended. The peptide PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL acts as a neuraminidase blocker to inhibit influenza A virus in MDCK cells. Thus, the peptide PGEKGPSGEAGTAGPPGTPGPQGL has potential utility in the treatment of the influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yiping Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Ning Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Mingyong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Rilei Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Zunying Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Haohao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Shiyuan Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Oligosaccharides Derived from Red Seaweed: Production, Properties, and Potential Health and Cosmetic Applications. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102451. [PMID: 30257445 PMCID: PMC6222765 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their potential use as functional ingredients in human nutrition, oligosaccharides derived from natural sources are receiving paramount consideration. Red seaweed, a proven rich source of agar and carrageenan, is one of the most abundantly present sources of such oligosaccharides. Agaro-oligosaccharides (AOS) and carrageenan-oligosaccharides (COS) are produced from agar and carrageenan, respectively, through chemical and enzymatic hydrolyses. Enzymatic hydrolysis of agar and carrageenan into oligosaccharides is preferred in industrial production because of certain problems associated with chemical hydrolysis, including the release of high amounts of monosaccharides and undesirable toxic products, such as furfural. AOS and COS possess many biological activities, including prebiotic, immuno-modulatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor activities. These activities are related to their chemical structure, molecular weight, degree of polymerization, and the flexibility of the glycosidic linkages. Therefore, the structure–function relationship and the mechanisms occurring during the specific biological applications of AOS and COS are discussed herein. Moreover, the chromatographic separation, purification, and characterization of AOS and COS are also part of this review. This piece of writing strives to create a new perspective on the potential applications of AOS and COS in the functional food and pharmaceutical industry.
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