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Wei Y, Huang C, Chen L, Chen Q, Hou J, Wu H, Han C, Shen Y. Determination of chlordimeform and its metabolite residue in milk by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2024; 192:114754. [PMID: 39147558 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the determination of chlordimeform and its metabolite 4-chloro-2-methylaniline residue in milk was performed for the first time using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Samples were extracted using acetonitrile, and cleaned using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. Separation was performed using the DB-17 MS column. It was detected in a selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode and quantified using a matrix-matched isotope internal standard method. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship was observed in the concentration range of 10-200 µg/kg. The limit of quantitation was 10.0 µg/kg. The spiked recoveries for the target substance ranged from 84.5 % to 107.3 %, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of <7.2 %. The spiked samples were further confirmed by gas chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap HRMS). The combined method resulted in high accuracy and sensitivity and was suitable for the determination of chlordimeform and its metabolite 4-chloro-2-methylaniline residue in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Technical Center of Hangzhou Customs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Li Chen
- Technical Center of Hangzhou Customs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Qinke Chen
- Technical Center of Hangzhou Customs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jianbo Hou
- Technical Center of Hangzhou Customs, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Huizhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Chao Han
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Yan Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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2
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Wang W, Li H, Liu Z, Xu D, Pu H, Hu L, Mo H. Identification of flavor peptides based on virtual screening and molecular docking from Hypsizygus marmoreuss. Food Chem 2024; 448:139071. [PMID: 38552458 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Hypsizygus marmoreuss is an under-explored source of flavor peptides that can enhance the flavor of NaCl or MSG, allowing products to be reformulated in line with reduction policies. This study utilized advanced techniques, including UPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS and molecular docking, to identify H. marmoreuss peptides. Sensory evaluations revealed 10 peptides with pronounced umami flavors and seven with dominantly salty tastes. VLPVPQK scored highest for umami intensity (5.2), and EGNPAHQK for salty intensity (6.2). Further investigation influenced by 0.35 % MSG or 0.35 % NaCl exposed peptides with elevated umami and salty thresholds. LDSPATPEK, VVEGEPSLK, and QKLPEKPER had umami-enhancing thresholds of 0.18, 0.18, and 0.35 mM, while LDSPATPEK and VVEGEPSLK had similar thresholds for salt (0.09 mM). Molecular docking revealed that taste receptor proteins interacted with umami peptides through hydrogen, carbon-hydrogen, alkyl, and van der Waals forces. Specific amino acids in the umami receptor T1R1 had roles in bonding with umami peptides through hydrogen and carbon-hydrogen interactions. In conclusion, molecular docking proved to be an effective and efficient method for flavor peptide screening. Further, this study demonstrated that flavor peptides from H. marmoreuss had the capacity to enhance NaCl and MSG flavours and might be useful tools for reformulation, reducing salt and MSG contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Agricultural Products Processing Technology Research Institute, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhenbin Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Agricultural Products Processing Technology Research Institute, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Agricultural Products Processing Technology Research Institute, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huayin Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liangbin Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haizhen Mo
- School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China.
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Duong HT, Kadokami K, Nguyen DT, Trinh HT, Doan NH, Mizukawa H, Takahashi S. Occurrence, potential sources, and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in atmospheric particulate matter in Hanoi, Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34814-34826. [PMID: 36520291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PCPPs) were recently recognized as emerging pollutants due to their potential for adverse health and environmental impacts. One potential route of exposure, atmospheric particulate matter (APM), for polar PPCP chemicals has to date received limited attention. This study screened for 190 polar PPCP chemicals in outdoor APM samples collected from two locations in Hanoi, Vietnam, and predictions of source and potential effects on human health are presented. Day and night, as well as dry and rainy seasonal samples, were taken, and samples screened by LC-TOF, using sequential window acquisition and all theoretical fragment ion spectra method. Eleven PPCP chemicals were detected above the LOD and in more than one sample. The ∑11PPCP chemicals ranged from 0.61 to 21.9 ng m-3 (median 2.07 ng m-3), with between 2 and 6 compounds identified in individual samples (median 4). The ∑11PPCP chemicals collected near a heavy traffic area was greater than that in a populated residential zone. Night concentrations were significantly greater than day in both dry and rainy seasons (p < 0.05). Butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, benzophenone-3, acetaminophen, cotinine, and fluorescent brightener 71 were detected in > 50% of samples. These are typically found in sunscreens, cosmetics, antipyretics, tobacco, and dyes. The DIair, hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI) for adults and children at sampling sites were estimated. The HQ for both adults and children were orders of magnitude less than the risk or were close to or whichever. APM does appear to be a potential additional secondary exposure source of PPCP chemicals to the environment and more work is needed to identify if sources are local or ubiquitous and if there is a greater health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanh Thi Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Dung Tran Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Ha Thu Trinh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Hai Doan
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Hazuki Mizukawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
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Yu L, Li J, Feng M, Tang Q, Jiang Z, Chen H, Shan T, Li J. Identification and Dissipation of Chlorpyrifos and Its Main Metabolite 3,5,6-TCP during Wheat Growth with UPLC-QTOF/MS. Metabolites 2022; 12:1162. [PMID: 36557199 PMCID: PMC9786062 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF/MS) technology was used to investigate the degradation and metabolism of chlorpyrifos during wheat growth by spraying plants with different doses of chlorpyrifos 7 days after the flowering and filling stage. We analyzed and identified chlorpyrifos metabolites in different parts of wheat in full-scan MSE mode, and established a chlorpyrifos metabolite screening library using UNIFI software. The results show that the residues of chlorpyrifos in wheat ears, leaves, and stems exhibited a decreasing trend with the prolongation of application time, and the degradation kinetics could be fitted with the first-order kinetic equation Ct = C0 e−kt. The initial residues of chlorpyrifos in different parts of the wheat were different, in the order of leaves > wheat ears > stems. The degradation rate of chlorpyrifos under field conditions is relatively fast, and the half-life value is 2.33−5.05 days. Chlorpyrifos can undergo a nucleophilic addition substitution reaction under the action of hydrolase to generate secondary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3,5,6-TCP). The residual amount of 3,5,6-TCP in each part of wheat first showed an increasing trend and then decreased over time. It reached the maximum on the 3rd, 7th, or 11th day after application, and then gradually degraded. Considering that 3,5,6-TCP is a biomarker with potential threats to humans and animals, it is recommended that 3,5,6-TCP be included in the relevant regulations for dietary exposure risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Jia Li
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Meiqin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Zejun Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Tingting Shan
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
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Chen M, Chen L, Pan L, Liu R, Guo J, Fan M, Wang X, Liu H, Liu S. Simultaneous analysis of multiple pesticide residues in tobacco by magnetic carbon composite-based QuEChERS method and liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1668:462913. [PMID: 35247721 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic carbon composite (Fe3O4@C) was synthesized and applied as a reversed-dispersive solid-phase extraction sorbent for the simultaneous analysis of 40 pesticide residues in tobacco by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry. Compared to the traditional QuEChERS method, the optimized Fe3O4@C simplified clean-up process and exhibited better clean-up capability than conventional sorbents. The pesticides were qualitatively identified by accurate mass of protonated molecules, fragment ions, isotopic peak clusters, and retention time, and quantitatively determined by matrix-matched external standard method. Good linearity of the proposed method was obtained with R value greater than 0.997 for all target pesticides at concentration levels of 2-200 µg/L. The limit of detection ranged from 0.14 to 2.67 µg/kg. The recoveries and relative standard deviations of all target pesticides at three spiked concentrations of 20, 50 and 200 µg/kg were in the ranges of 80.8%-113.3% and 0.6%-16.3%, respectively. Compared with the reported methods for the analysis of multiple pesticide residues in tobacco, the proposed method has the advantages of simple to operate, high clean-up ability and less time-consuming in clean-up process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantang Chen
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Lining Pan
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Ruihong Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Junwei Guo
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Meijuan Fan
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Fengyang Street #2, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China.
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Ji-Cai F, Hua-Li HE, Shao-Ying L, Ren R, Shu-Ting W. Investigation of Pesticide Residues in Fragaria and Myrica rubra Sold in Hangzhou. J Food Prot 2022; 85:534-538. [PMID: 34882199 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigated the concentration of the pesticide residues found in Fragaria and Myrica rubra sold in the city of Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. From an analysis of 151 (77 Fragaria and 74 M. rubra) samples using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), 41 pesticide residues were found to be present. Of the 41 residues, 14 were found using GC-MS/MS and 27 were found using LC-MS/MS. Of the 151 samples, 10 (13.0%) of the 77 Fragaria samples and 5 (6.8%) of the 74 M. rubra samples were found to contain a specific pesticide residue, and only 4 Fragaria samples and 2 M. rubra samples were found to be without pesticide residue. In addition, 18 of the 41 pesticides were not detected in either Fragaria or M. rubra samples. Of the 41 residues, 10 were detected in Fragaria samples and 20 were detected in M. rubra samples. In Fragaria, procymidone was the most commonly detected residue, with a detection rate of 88.3%, followed by prochloraz, with a detection rate of 53.2%. In M. rubra, prochloraz was the most commonly detected residue, with a detection rate of 71.6%, followed by carbendazim, with a detection rate of 68.9%. The pesticide residues in some samples exceeded the maximum residue limit set in China. The limit of dimethomorph was exceeded in three of the Fragaria samples, and that of dichlorvos was exceeded in two of the M. rubra samples. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ji-Cai
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - H E Hua-Li
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Shao-Ying
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Ren
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Shu-Ting
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hu YMQ, Feng HW, Liu S, Liu C, Zhao PY, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhao J, Li JZ, Yu XM, Liu HS, Zhu JF. The preparation of polyclonal antibody against chlordimeform and establishment of detection by indirect competitive ELISA. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:114-124. [PMID: 35049417 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2029274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Objective: Chlordimeform is a chemical pesticide that is highly carcinogenic and toxic. The purpose of this study was to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for the detection of chlordimeform in aquaculture and fish farming. METHODS Chlordimeform was coupled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) as carrier proteins. A chlordimeform-BSA conjugate was used as an immunogen, and chlordimeform-OVA was used as a coating antigen. Chlordimeform-BSA was used to immunize rabbits, and a polyclonal antibody was prepared. An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC-ELISA) was established to detect chlordimeform. RESULTS The working range of the established IC-ELISA method for chlordimeform detection was 1-20 ng/mL. The IC50 was 3.126 ng/mL, and the lower limit of detection (LOD) of chlordimeform was 0.637 ng/mL. The recovery of chlordimeform from spiked water samples ranged from 81% to 107%. CONCLUSION An anti-chlordimeform polyclonal antibody was successfully developed, and a novel IC-ELISA was established to detect chlordimeform in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua-Wei Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Non-Commissioned Officer School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng-Yan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Xiao-Miao Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Feng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Tian F, Qiao C, Wang C, Luo J, Guo L, Pang T, Li J, Wang R, Pang R, Xie H. Development and validation of a method for the analysis of trifludimoxazin, picarbutrazox and pyraziflumid residues in cereals, vegetables and fruits using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Fedorenko D, Bartkevics V. Recent Applications of Nano-Liquid Chromatography in Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:98-122. [PMID: 34392753 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1938968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a trend toward instrument miniaturization has led to the development of new and sophisticated analytical systems, such as nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC), which has enabled improvements of sensitivity, as well as chromatographic resolution. The growing interest in nano-LC methodology has resulted in a variety of innovative and promising applications. In this article, we review the applications of nano-LC separation methods coupled with mass spectrometry in the analysis of food and environmental samples. An assessment of sample preparation methods and analytical performance are provided, along with comparison to other, more established analytical techniques. Three main groups of compounds that are crucial for food safety assessment are considered in this review: pharmaceuticals (including antibiotics), pesticides, and mycotoxins. Recent practical applications of the nano-LC method in the determination of these compounds are discussed. Furthermore, we also focus on methods for the determination of various environmental contaminants using nano-LC methods. Future perspectives for the development of nano-LC methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniss Fedorenko
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Riga, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Riga, Latvia.,University of Latvia, Faculty of Chemistry, Riga, Latvia
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Determination and dietary risk assessment of 284 pesticide residues in local fruit cultivars in Shanghai, China. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9681. [PMID: 33958696 PMCID: PMC8102495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pesticide residues has become one of the main risk factors affecting the safety and quality of agro-food. In this study, a multi-residue method for the analysis of 284 pesticides in five local fruit cultivars in Shanghai was developed based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS). The limits of determination and the limits of quantitation of pesticides were 0.6–10 and 2–30 μg/kg, respectively. A total of 44, 10, 10, 18, and 7 pesticides were detected in strawberries, watermelons, melons, peaches, and grapes, respectively. The pesticide levels in 95.0% of the samples were below the maximum residual limits (MRLs) prescribed by China, and in 66.2% of the samples below the EU MRLs. The dietary risk assessment study showed big differences in the chronic and acute exposure risk values among different Chinese consumer groups. Through fruit consumption, children/females showed higher exposure risks than adults/males. But both the risk values were less than 100%, indicating that potential dietary risk induced by the pesticides was not significant for Chinese consumers. Nevertheless, certain measures are needed for both growers and the government in order to decrease the MRL-exceeding rate of pesticide residues and ensure the quality and safety of fruits for consumers.
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11
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Ren Y, Xiang P, Xie Q, Yang H, Liu S. Rapid analysis of forchlorfenuron in fruits using molecular complex-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:637-645. [PMID: 33721551 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1876250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The main sample preparation method for analysis of pesticide residues in fruits is QuEChERS. In this study, a novel sample preparation method using molecular complex-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is introduced with detection of forchlorfenuron by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array and mass spectrometric detection. Sample treatment involves initial extraction of a 5 g sample with 3 mL acetonitrile, and then the selective concentration of the analyte is performed using 150 µL tributyl phosphate by forming intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the analyte. The extraction mechanism was proved using ATR-FTIR. Under the optimised conditions, recovery rates varied between 88% and 107% for various sample matrices spiked at three levels in the range 0.01-0.1 mg kg-1. Intra-day and inter-day repeatabilities were in the ranges of 2.2-8.0% and 1.6-9.5%, respectively. Detection limit and quantitation limit were 0.33 µg kg-1 and 1.09 µg kg-1 for diode-array detection; 0.01 µg kg-1 and 0.04 µg kg-1 for tandem mass spectrometry detection. This method was successfully applied for the analysis of 149 various fruits. The analyte was found in 4 of the 149 samples and the contents were not over the specific maximum residue limit established by domestic and international regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Ren
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ping Xiang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Qilong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haixiu Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China
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12
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Doan NH, Duong HT, Trinh HT, Tanaka Y, Kadokami K. Comprehensive study of insecticides in atmospheric particulate matter in Hanoi, Vietnam: Occurrences and human risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128028. [PMID: 33182122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the most serious environmental issue in Vietnam, particularly in big cities. Air pollutants that are set as environmental standards are regularly monitored by the public institutions. Whereas, environmental data on organic micro-pollutants in atmospheric particulate matters (APMs) is limited, including PAHs and POPs. Although massive pesticides are used in big cities, their data in APMs in Vietnam is very scarce. In order to elucidate their occurrence in the ambient air in Hanoi and their health effects, we surveyed 107 insecticides in APMs by a novel target screening method using LC-QTOF-MS-SWATH. A total of 19 insecticides were detected in the dry and the rainy seasons. Among them, 16 substances are, to our knowledge, reported for the first time in the literature. Their total concentrations varied from 0.47 to 27.0 ng m-3 (median, 3.6 ng m-3), detection frequencies of 12 compounds are higher than 42%, and the number of insecticides detected per each sample ranging from 5 to 13 (median, 9). Total concentrations in the dry season were generally higher than in the rainy season, and concentrations at night were higher than daytime in both seasons. The level of insecticides depends not only on the season, but also on its physicochemical properties, its application conditions, and the meteorological conditions. Their emission sources could be related to agricultural usage, floricultural activities, and pest control in houses. The total maximum daily intake (DIair) through inhalation for adults and children were 2.39E-05 mg kg-1 d-1 and 2.98E-05 mg kg-1 d-1, respectively. The highest Hazard Quotients (HQs) were 1.34E-03 and 3.37E-03, and the highest Hazard Indices (HIs) were 2.71E-03 and 6.33E-03 for adults and children, respectively. All values of HQs, and HIs of insecticides were less than 1, indicating that health risk would be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hai Doan
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Hanh Thi Duong
- Institute of Environmental Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Ha Thu Trinh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Yoshinari Tanaka
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Kioicho 7-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Kiwao Kadokami
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan.
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13
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Song NE, Yoo M, Nam TG. Multi-residue analysis of 203 pesticides in strawberries by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in combination with the QuEChERS method. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2019.1680579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nho-Eul Song
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Yoo
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Song NE, Lee JY, Mansur AR, Jang HW, Lim MC, Lee Y, Yoo M, Nam TG. Determination of 60 pesticides in hen eggs using the QuEChERS procedure followed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2019; 298:125050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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15
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Hua J, Fayyaz A, Song H, Tufail M, Gai Y. Development of a method Sin-QuEChERS for the determination of multiple pesticide residues in oilseed samples. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2019.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Hua
- Taiyuan Customs District People’s Republic of China, 8th street YiFen, Tai Yuan, Shanxi 030024, China P.R
| | - A. Fayyaz
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - H. Song
- Taiyuan Customs District People’s Republic of China, 8th street YiFen, Tai Yuan, Shanxi 030024, China P.R
| | - M.R. Tufail
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Y. Gai
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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Zhao P, Dong X, Chen X, Guo X, Zhao L. Stereoselective Analysis of Chiral Pyrethroid Insecticides Tetramethrin and α-Cypermethrin in Fruits, Vegetables, and Cereals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9362-9370. [PMID: 31368700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents an effective and robust method for simultaneous stereoselective determination of two pyrethroid insecticides, tetramethrin and α-cypermethrin in different food products by high-performance liquid chromatography. Enantioseparation was carried out using reversed-phase chromatography, and the influences of four polysaccharide-based chiral columns, mobile phase composition, and column temperature on retention were fully investigated. Satisfactory separation was obtained on Chiralpak IG column using acetonitrile-water (75:25, v/v) under isocratic conditions. To extract and purify the target analytes from food matrices, matrix solid-phase dispersion was employed with C18 as dispersant and primary secondary amine as well as graphitized carbon black as cleanup sorbents. Response surface method based on Box-Behnken design was implemented to assist optimization of the extraction variables. Then, method validation was done in real samples including specificity, linearity, sensitivity, trueness, precision, as well as stability, and its analytical performance fulfills the criteria recommended by the European Union SANTE/11945/2015, demonstrating its applicability in studying the stereochemistry of chiral tetramethrin and α-cypermethrin in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Xinyi Dong
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Daicel Chiral Technologies (China) Co., Ltd , Shanghai 200131 , China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016 , China
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17
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Behkami S. Statistical and chemometric view of the variation in the concentration of selected organophosphates in peeled unwashed and unpeeled washed fruits and vegetables. Food Chem 2019; 300:125220. [PMID: 31352288 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables play an important role in human nutrition. Study of the contamination sources which result from farming activities is of importance. For this reason, a chitosan-graphene oxide nanocomposite film was prepared and implemented as the extractive phase in thin film microextraction of six organophosphate residues (OPPs) in the samples using high-performance liquid chromatography. The optimized method was validated and the limits of detection (0.7-1.2 µg l-1), limits of quantification (2.3-4.0 µg l-1) and linear dynamic range (2.0-1000.0 µg l-1) were obtained. Principal component analysis revealed clustering of the fruit and vegetable samples based on the selected (OPPs) into two groups of unwashed-unpeeled and peeled-washed. This mapping was further investigated using descriptive method of boxplot. Washing and peeling of the samples, reduced the presence of OPPs to half or one third of interquartile range found in the unpeeled and unwashed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Behkami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G2W1, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Najand, Urmia5719883826, Iran.
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18
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Soliven A, Rodriguez C, Pareja L, Colazzo M, Cesio V, Shalliker RA, Pérez-Parada A, Heinzen H. The parallel segmented flow column as an alternative front-end LC strategy for trace analyses. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Song NE, Kim DB, Lim TG, Lee YY, Yoo M, Nam TG. Determining pesticide residues in wheat flour by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry with QuEChERS extraction. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:1337-1347. [PMID: 31251696 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1628356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides are used to increase crop yields and preserve quality by protecting crops against pests; however, their overuse can adversely affect human health and the environment. Herein, we report the development of a multi-pesticide screening method using optimized QuEChERS coupled with liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometry for the analysis of 13 pesticides in wheat flour. Mass accuracies with errors of less than 2.4 ppm were obtained for all analysed pesticides, and the method provided satisfactory recovery and linearity. Repeatabilities of 0.3-12.7% and reproducibilities of 2.5-15.2% were observed in full-scan TOF mode. The performance of the developed full-scan TOF method was compared to that obtained in high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRM-HR) mode. The limits of quantification for the full-scan TOF and MRM-HR modes ranged from 2 to 10, and 3 to 9 μg kg-1, respectively. The two quantification methods exhibited high sensitivities (limit of detections: 1-3 μg kg-1 in full-scan TOF, and 1-3 μg kg-1 for MRM-HR mode). No pesticide residues were detected when the developed method was applied to 22 real wheat flour samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nho-Eul Song
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
| | - Dan-Bi Kim
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yeol Lee
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Yoo
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- Food Analysis Center, Korea Food Research Institute , Wanju , Republic of Korea
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20
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Yu L, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wang B. Identification and Dissipation of Omethoate and Its Main Metabolite DMP in Wheat Determined by UPLC-QTOF/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5891-5898. [PMID: 31059246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate the dissipation kinetics of field-applied omethoate during wheat storage. Both the identification and metabolic dynamics of omethoate metabolites were analyzed using UPLC-QTOF/MS. The presence of the metabolite dimethyl phosphate (DMP) was confirmed in wheat samples with applied omethoate. This might be because the group attached to the P atom of omethoate is replaced by a hydroxyl group through hydrolysis, thus leading to the formation of the specific metabolite DMP during wheat storage. Although the initial concentrations of DMP in different doses were considerably lower than those of omethoate, the half-life values of DMP were 11.87-31.50 days, which were close to the half-life of the parent omethoate (11.85-30.94 days). This indicates that potential health risks might be caused by dietary exposure to DMP and omethoate. Therefore, more importance should be given to the risk assessment for omethoate and its metabolite DMP in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Lina Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
| | - Bujun Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Cereal Products (Beijing) , Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic , Beijing , 100081 , China
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21
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High-throughput analysis of pesticides in minor tropical fruits from Colombia. Food Chem 2019; 280:221-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Kozaki D, Tanihata S, Yamamoto A, Nakatani N, Mori M, Tanaka K. Single injection ion-exclusion/cation-exchange chromatography for simultaneous determination of organic/inorganic anions, inorganic cations, and ethanol in beer samples. Food Chem 2019; 274:679-685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Jiao W, Hu Y, Ge G, Li J, Xiao Y, Cai H, He L, Hua R, Sun J, Hou R. Comparison of the Metabolic Behaviors of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.) Leaves. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8593-8601. [PMID: 30074784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of an in vitro cell suspension to study insecticide metabolism is a simpler strategy compared to using intact plants, especially for a difficult matrix such as tea. In this study, a sterile tea leaf callus was inoculated into B5 liquid media with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 1.0 mg L-1) and Kinetin (KT, 0.1 mg L-1). After 3-4 subcultures (28 days each), a good cell suspension was established. Utilizing these cultures, the metabolic behaviors of six insecticides, including two organophosphates (dimethoate, omethoate) and four neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and imidaclothiz) were compared. The results showed that thiamethoxam, dimethoate, and omethoate were easily metabolized by tea cells, with degradation ratios after 75 days of 55.3%, 90.4%, and 100%, respectively. Seven metabolites of thiamethoxan and two metabolites of dimethoate were found in treated cell cultures using mass-spectrometry, compared to only two metabolites for thiamethoxam and one for dimethoate in treated intact plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiting Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
- School of Resource & Environment of Anhui Agricultural University , Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
| | - Yizheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Guoqin Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Jianchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
- Anhui Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the P. R. China , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Huimei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Lili He
- Department of Food Science , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Rimao Hua
- School of Resource & Environment of Anhui Agricultural University , Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety , Hefei 230022 , P. R. China
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