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Vetési V, Záray G, Endrédi A, Sandil S, Rékási M, Takács T, Dobosy P. Iodine biofortification of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants cultivated in three different soils. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275589. [PMID: 36194606 PMCID: PMC9531830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An important challenge for mankind today is to find a plant-based source of iodine, instead of table salt, which would provide the recommended daily dosage of iodine. The aim of this work was to study the accumulation of iodine and the physiochemical changes in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) irrigated with iodine-containing water. Applying iodine at concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 resulted 51, 18, and 35% decrement in biomass of bean fruit, while in pea fruit, a 13% reduction and a 3 and 2% increment were observed when the plants were cultivated in sand, sandy silt, and silt, respectively. The highest iodine concentrations in the bean and pea fruits were detected in plants cultivated in silt soil with concentration of 0.5 mg I- L-1 and amounted to 1.6 and 0.4 mg kg-1, respectively. In presence of iodine at concentration of 0.5 mg L-1, the concentration of magnesium, phosphorous, manganese and iron increased in the bean fruit, while in the case of pea, at iodine concentration above 0.1 mg L-1 the uptake of these nutrients were hampered. Based on these facts, the iodized bean can be recommended as a possible food source to enhance the iodine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Vetési
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Záray
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Endrédi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sirat Sandil
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márk Rékási
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tünde Takács
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
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Golubkina N, Moldovan A, Kekina H, Kharchenko V, Sekara A, Vasileva V, Skrypnik L, Tallarita A, Caruso G. Joint Biofortification of Plants with Selenium and Iodine: New Field of Discoveries. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1352. [PMID: 34371555 PMCID: PMC8309223 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The essentiality of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) to human beings and the widespread areas of selenium and iodine deficiency determine the high significance of functional food production with high levels of these elements. In this respect, joint biofortification of agricultural crops with Se and I is especially attractive. Nevertheless, in practice this topic has raised many problems connected with the possible utilization of many Se and I chemical forms, different doses and biofortification methods, and the existence of wide species and varietal differences. The limited reports relevant to this subject and the multiplicity of unsolved questions urge the need for an adequate evaluation of the results obtained up-to-date, useful for developing further future investigations. The present review discusses the outcome of joint plant Se-I biofortification, as well as factors affecting Se and I accumulation in plants, paying special attention to unsolved issues. A particular focus has been given to the prospects of herb sprouts production enriched with Se and I, as well as the interactions between the latter microelements and arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Golubkina
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Anastasia Moldovan
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Helene Kekina
- Medical Academy of Post Graduate Education, Moscow 123995, Russia;
| | - Victor Kharchenko
- Laboratory Analytical Department, Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Production, Moscow 143072, Russia; (A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Sekara
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Viliana Vasileva
- Institute of Forage Crops, 89 General Vladimir Vazov Str, 5802 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Liubov Skrypnik
- Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236040, Russia;
| | - Alessio Tallarita
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy; (A.T.); (G.C.)
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Germ M, Kacjan-Maršić N, Kroflič A, Jerše A, Stibilj V, Golob A. Significant Accumulation of Iodine and Selenium in Chicory ( Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi) Leaves after Foliar Spraying. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9121766. [PMID: 33322207 PMCID: PMC7764295 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between the uptake of selenium (as selenite and selenate) and iodine (as iodate and iodide) by red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum Hegi) and their effects on selected morphological and physiological characteristics were investigated. Seedlings were transplanted to the field, and at the onset of head formation, the plants were foliar-sprayed with the following solutions: Milli-Q water (control), Se (IV), Se (VI), I (-I), I (V), Se (IV) + I (-I), Se (IV) + I (V), Se (VI) + I (-I) and Se (VI) + I (V). The different treatments had no significant effects on the yield (39.8-51.5 t ha-1) and mass (970-1200 g) of the chicory heads. The selenium content in Se-treated plants was up to 5.5-times greater than the control plants. The iodine content in the chicory leaves enriched with I was 3.5-times greater than the control plants. Iodide or iodate, applied together with selenite in the spray solution, increased the uptake of Se by chicory plants, while both forms of iodine, applied together with selenate, reduced the uptake of Se. Plants treated with I (V) had lower amounts of chlorophyll a and carotenoids than the control, while respiratory potential was higher than the control, which indicated the possible presence of stress in I (V)-treated plants. However, the potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was similar and close to the theoretical maximum (0.83) in the control and treated groups, which indicated that all of the plants were in good condition. Furthermore, the plant mass and yield were comparable in the control and treated groups. Molecular studies, like gene expression analysis, would represent a major upgrade of the present study by defining the mechanisms of Se and I uptake and their interactions and by enhancing the knowledge of the Se and I transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (N.K.-M.)
| | - Nina Kacjan-Maršić
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (N.K.-M.)
| | - Ana Kroflič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.); (V.S.)
| | - Ana Jerše
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.); (V.S.)
| | - Vekoslava Stibilj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.); (V.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1501 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.G.); (N.K.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-320-3334
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Golob A, Kroflič A, Jerše A, Kacjan Maršić N, Šircelj H, Stibilj V, Germ M. Response of Pumpkin to Different Concentrations and Forms of Selenium and Iodine, and their Combinations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9070899. [PMID: 32708745 PMCID: PMC7412523 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The elements selenium (Se) and iodine (I) are both crucial for the normal functioning of the thyroid. Biofortification with these elements is particularly feasible in areas where they show a deficit. Iodine and selenium can have positive effects on different plants when applied at the correct concentrations. The effects of their simultaneous addition on plant physiology and biochemistry, as well as on seed germination and sprout biomass, were studied in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. ssp. pepo). To study the effect of Se and I on sprouts, sprouts were grown from seeds soaked in solutions of different forms of Se, I and their combination in the growth chamber experiment. In the field experiment, pumpkins plants were foliarly treated with the same concentrations and forms of Se and I. The combination of Se and I treatments enhanced the germination of the soaked seeds, with no significant differences between Se and I treatments for sprout mass. The yield of pumpkins and seed production were unaffected by Se and I foliar application. The anthocyanin levels and respiratory potential measured via the electron transport system's activity showed different patterns according to treatments and plant parts (sprouts, leaves, seeds). The redistribution of Se and I from seeds to sprouts was significant. The accumulation of Se was higher in sprouts from the seeds treated with Se together with I, compared to sprouts from the seeds treated with Se alone. Interactions between Se and I were also noted in the seeds, which developed in the treated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.K.M.); (H.S.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Ana Kroflič
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Jerše
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Kacjan Maršić
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.K.M.); (H.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Helena Šircelj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.K.M.); (H.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Vekoslava Stibilj
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.K.); (A.J.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (N.K.M.); (H.S.); (M.G.)
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Joint Selenium-Iodine Supply and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Affect Yield and Quality of Chickpea Seeds and Residual Biomass. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070804. [PMID: 32604987 PMCID: PMC7412542 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The essentiality of selenium (Se) and iodine (I) for the human organism and the relationship between these two trace elements in mammal metabolism highlight the importance of the joint Se–I biofortification to vegetable crops in the frame of sustainable farming management. A research study was carried out in southern Italy to determine the effects of the combined inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biofortification with Se and I on plant growth, seed yield, quality, and antioxidant and elemental status, as well as residual biomass chemical composition of chickpea grown in two different planting times (14 January and 28 February). The AMF application improved the intensity of I and Se accumulation both in single and joint supply of these elements, resulting in higher seed yield and number as well as dry weight, and was also beneficial for increasing the content of antioxidants, protein, and macro- and microelements. Earlier planting time resulted in higher values of seed yield, as well as Se, I, N, P, Ca, protein, and antioxidant levels. Se and I showed a synergistic effect, stimulating the accumulation of each other in chickpea seeds. The AMF inoculation elicited a higher protein and cellulose synthesis, as well as glucose production in the residual biomass, compared to the single iodine application and the untreated control. From the present research, it can be inferred that the plant biostimulation through the soil inoculation with AMF and the biofortification with Se and I, applied singly or jointly, proved to be effective sustainable farming tools for improving the chickpea seed yield and/or quality, as well as the residual biomass chemical composition for energy production or beneficial metabolite extraction.
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Pyrzynska K, Sentkowska A. Selenium in plant foods: speciation analysis, bioavailability, and factors affecting composition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1340-1352. [PMID: 32363893 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1758027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interest in selenium has been increasing over the past few decades with growing knowledge of its importance to overall health. The ability of several plants to accumulate and transform inorganic selenium forms into its bioactive organic compounds has important implications for human nutrition and health. In this review, we present the studies carried out during the last decade to characterize selenium species produced by different plant foods. Attention is also paid to the effect of selenium treatment on chemical composition and antioxidant properties of plants.
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Golob A, Novak T, Maršić NK, Šircelj H, Stibilj V, Jerše A, Kroflič A, Germ M. Biofortification with selenium and iodine changes morphological properties of Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) and increases their contents in tubers. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 150:234-243. [PMID: 32169793 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L.) was biofortified with selenium (Se), as selenite and selenate, and iodine (I), as iodide and iodate, and their combinations through foliar spraying, to study absorption of these elements by the plants, separately and in combination. The effects on selected physiological and morphological traits and optical characteristics were monitored. Treatments with Se positively affected total chlorophylls and carotenoids, and leaf stomata dimensions. Addition of I decreased total chlorophylls and increased anthocyanins. In reflectance spectra of the leaves, specific colour regions differed significantly due to the different treatments. Reflectance in the UV correlated positively with Se and I contents of the leaves, which indicated lower demand for production of phenolic compounds. Differences in reflectance in UV part of the spectra could be a consequence of changes in the cuticle. The Se and I levels increased markedly in leaves and tubers, without loss of biomass or yield. Se had antagonistic effects on accumulation of I in leaves. The similar levels of Se and I in the leaves and tubers suggest that the transport of both elements in these plants occurs from the leaves to the tubers through the phloem. According to the Se and I contents in the kohlrabi tubers, biofortification with both elements simultaneously is feasible for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Novak
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Helena Šircelj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vekoslava Stibilj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Jerše
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Kroflič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Pannico A, El-Nakhel C, Graziani G, Kyriacou MC, Giordano M, Soteriou GA, Zarrelli A, Ritieni A, De Pascale S, Rouphael Y. Selenium Biofortification Impacts the Nutritive Value, Polyphenolic Content, and Bioactive Constitution of Variable Microgreens Genotypes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040272. [PMID: 32218153 PMCID: PMC7222195 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is considered essential for human nutrition as it is involved in the metabolic pathway of selenoproteins and relevant biological functions. Microgreens, defined as tender immature greens, constitute an emerging functional food characterized by overall higher levels of phytonutrients than their mature counterparts. The nutraceutical value of microgreens can be further improved through Se biofortification, delivering Se-enriched foods and potentially an enhanced content of bioactive compounds. The current study defined the effect of sodium selenate applications at three concentrations (0, 8, and 16 μM Se) on the bioactive compounds and mineral content of coriander, green basil, purple basil, and tatsoi microgreens grown in soilless cultivation. Analytical emphasis was dedicated to the identification and quantification of polyphenols by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS, major carotenoids by HPLC-DAD, and macro micro-minerals by ICP-OES. Twenty-seven phenolic compounds were quantified, of which the most abundant were: Chlorogenic acid and rutin in coriander, caffeic acid hexoside and kaempferol-3-O(caffeoyl) sophoroside-7-O-glucoside in tatsoi, and cichoric acid and rosmarinic acid in both green and purple basil. In coriander and tatsoi microgreens, the application of 16 μM Se increased the total phenols content by 21% and 95%, respectively; moreover, it improved the yield by 44% and 18%, respectively. At the same Se dose, the bioactive value of coriander and tatsoi was enhanced by a significant increase in rutin (33%) and kaempferol-3-O(feruloyl)sophoroside-7-O-glucoside (157%), respectively, compared to the control. In green and purple basil microgreens, the 8 μM Se application enhanced the lutein concentration by 7% and 19%, respectively. The same application rate also increased the overall macroelements content by 35% and total polyphenols concentration by 32% but only in the green cultivar. The latter actually had a tripled chicoric acid content compared to the untreated control. All microgreen genotypes exhibited an increase in the Se content in response to the biofortification treatments, thereby satisfying the recommended daily allowance for Se (RDA-Se) from 20% to 133%. The optimal Se dose that guarantees the effectiveness of Se biofortification and improves the content of bioactive compounds was 16 μM in coriander and tatsoi, and 8 μM in green and purple basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (M.G.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Christophe El-Nakhel
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (M.G.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Marios C. Kyriacou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus; (M.C.K.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Maria Giordano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (M.G.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Georgios A. Soteriou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, 1516 Nicosia, Cyprus; (M.C.K.); (G.A.S.)
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 800126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (M.G.); (S.D.P.)
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (A.P.); (C.E.-N.); (M.G.); (S.D.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Kavčič A, Budič B, Vogel-Mikuš K. The effects of selenium biofortification on mercury bioavailability and toxicity in the lettuce-slug food chain. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 135:110939. [PMID: 31697969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of foliar Se biofortification (Se+) of the lettuce on the transfer and toxicity of Hg from soil contaminated with HgCl2 (H) and soil collected near the former Hg smelter in Idrija (I), to terrestrial food chain are explored, with Spanish slug as a primary consumer. Foliar application of Se significantly increased Se content in the lettuce, with no detected toxic effects. Mercury exerted toxic effects on plants, decreasing plant biomass, photochemical efficiency of the photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and the total chlorophyll content. Selenium biofortification (Se+ test group) had no effect on Hg bioaccumulation in plants. In slugs, different responses were observed in H and I groups; the I/Se+ subgroup was the most strongly affected by Hg toxicity, exhibiting lower biomass, feeding and growth rate and a higher hepatopancreas/ muscle Hg translocation, pointing to a higher Hg mobility in comparison to H group. Selenium increased Hg bioavailability for slugs, but with opposite physiological responses: alleviating stress in H/Se+ and inducing it in I/Se+ group, indicating different mechanisms of Hg-Se interactions in the food chain under HgCl2 and Idrija soil exposures that can be mainly attributed to different Hg speciation and ligand environment in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kavčič
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Bojan Budič
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Germ M, Stibilj V, Šircelj H, Jerše A, Kroflič A, Golob A, Maršić NK. Biofortification of common buckwheat microgreens and seeds with different forms of selenium and iodine. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4353-4362. [PMID: 30834531 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biofortification of crops can counteract human diseases, including selenium (Se) and iodine (I) deficiencies in the diet. Little is known about the effects of combinations of Se and I on microgreens and seeds, or on their accumulation in these tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate Se (SeO3 2- , SeO4 2- ) and I (I- , IO3 - ) biofortification of common buckwheat microgreens and seeds with respect to the effects of the addition of Se, I and Se + I on yield and on physiological and biochemical characteristics. RESULTS In combination treatments, microgreens yield (600-800 g m-2 ) was 50-70% higher than for Se and I alone. The respiratory potential also increased by 60-120%. Fv /Fm was close to 0.8 in all samples. Se content [0.24 μg g-1 dry weight (DW)] was 50% higher for combination treatments than for Se and I alone. I content was highest for IO3 - treatment (216 μg g-1 DW) and decreased in combination treatments with Se by 50%. CONCLUSION Biofortification of buckwheat microgreens with Se and I should be performed with care because there are synergistic and antagonistic effects of these elements with respect to their accumulation. IO3 - for the biofortification of microgreens should be kept low to prevent exceeding the recommended daily intake of I. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Germ
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vekoslava Stibilj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Helena Šircelj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Jerše
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Kroflič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Golob
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina K Maršić
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Pannico A, El-Nakhel C, Kyriacou MC, Giordano M, Stazi SR, De Pascale S, Rouphael Y. Combating Micronutrient Deficiency and Enhancing Food Functional Quality Through Selenium Fortification of Select Lettuce Genotypes Grown in a Closed Soilless System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1495. [PMID: 31824530 PMCID: PMC6882273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human nutrition and a key component of selenoproteins having fundamental biological and nutraceutical functions. We currently examined lettuce biofortification with Se in an open-gas-exchange growth chamber using closed soilless cultivation for delivering Se-rich food. Morphometric traits, minerals, phenolic acids, and carotenoids of two differently pigmented Salanova cultivars were evaluated in response to six Se concentrations (0-40 μM) delivered as sodium selenate in the nutrient solution. All treatments reduced green lettuce fresh yield slightly (9%), while a decrease in red lettuce was observed only at 32 and 40 μM Se (11 and 21% respectively). Leaf Se content increased in both cultivars, with the red accumulating 57% more Se than the green. At 16 μM Se all detected phenolic acids increased, moreover a substantial increase in anthocyanins (184%) was recorded in red Salanova. Selenium applications slightly reduced the carotenoids content of green Salanova, whereas in red Salanova treated with 32 μM Se violaxanthin + neoxanthin, lutein and β-cryptoxanthin spiked by 38.6, 27.4, and 23.1%, respectively. Lettuce constitutes an ideal target crop for selenium biofortification and closed soilless cultivation comprises an effective tool for producing Se-enriched foods of high nutraceutical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Christophe El-Nakhel
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Marios C. Kyriacou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Giordano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Silvia Rita Stazi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences (DSCF), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- *Correspondence: Youssef Rouphael,
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Smoleń S, Kowalska I, Kováčik P, Halka M, Sady W. Biofortification of Six Varieties of Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) With Iodine and Selenium in Combination With the Application of Salicylic Acid. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:143. [PMID: 30873185 PMCID: PMC6401620 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The agrotechnical methods of biofortification of plants, i.e., enriching them in iodine (I) and selenium (Se) could be effective methods to enrich food products in these elements. The advantage of agrotechnical methods of biofortification is the incorporation of elements in organic compounds in plants; therefore, they have better health-promoting properties than pure technical salts. Two-year studies were conducted in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of three botanical varieties of lettuce in an NFT (nutrient film technique) system: two cultivars butterhead lettuces (abb. BUTL) 'Cud Voorburgu' and 'Zimująca,' two cultivars iceberg lettuces (abb. ICEL) 'Maugli' and 'Królowa lata' (all this four cultivars are classified as Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) as well two cultivars Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa L. cultivars (abb. REDL) 'Lollo rossa' and 'Redin' having little red leaves. The study included the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3), and SA into the nutrient solution. The tested treatments were as follows: (1) control, (2) I+Se, (3) I+Se+0.1 mg SA dm-3, (4) I+Se+1.0 mg SA dm-3, and (5) I+Se+10.0 mg SA dm-3. KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I dm-3, while Na2SeO3 was 0.5 mg Se dm-3. Regardless of the kind of the applied compound, the highest biomass of heads was produced by the REDL 'Redin' variety. Furthermore, this variety, as the only one in six varieties tested, reacted with the decrease in yield to the application of I+Se and I+Se+three concentrations of SA. In the heads of all cultivars, the level of I accumulation was 10-30 times higher than of Se. The level of I accumulation formed the following order: REDL 'Lollo rossa' > REDL 'Redin' = BUTL 'Cud Voorburgu' > BUTL 'Zimująca' > ICEL 'Maugli' > ICEL 'Królowa lata'. The order of Se content in leaves was as follows: REDL 'Redin' = BUTL 'Cud Voorburgu' > REDL 'Lollo rossa' > ICEL 'Maugli' > BUTL 'Zimująca' > ICEL 'Królowa lata'. The obtained results indicate that the introduction of SA to the nutrient solutions in hydroponic systems may allow an improve the effectiveness of - biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Smoleń
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
- *Correspondence: Sylwester Smoleń, ;
| | - Iwona Kowalska
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Peter Kováčik
- Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Mariya Halka
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Sady
- Unit of Plant Nutrition, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland
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Jerše A, Jaćimović R, Maršić NK, Germ M, Šircelj H, Stibilj V. Determination of iodine in plants by ICP-MS after alkaline microwave extraction. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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