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Li J, Bai X, Zhu G, Liu S, Liu C, Wu M, Zou K, Li A, Liu S. Sanxiapeptin is an ideal preservative with a dual effect of controlling green mold and inducing systemic defense in postharvest citrus. Food Chem 2024; 453:139669. [PMID: 38781900 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Green mold is a common postharvest disease infected by Penicillium digitatum that causes citrus fruit decay, and severely affects fruit storage quality. This work aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of Sanxiapeptin against P. digitatum, and elucidate the possible mechanisms involved. Sanxiapeptin was capable of inhibiting spore germination, germ tube length and mycelial growth. The SYTOX green staining assay revealed that Sanxiapeptin targeted the fungal membrane, and changed the membrane permeability, leading to the leakage of cell constituents. Meanwhile, Sanxiapeptin could influence the cell wall permeability and integrity by increasing the activities of chitinase and glucanase, resulting in abnormal chitin consumption and the decrease of glucan. Intriguingly, Sanxiapeptin could effectively control postharvest decay in citrus fruits, and activate the host resistance responses by regulating the phenylpropanoid pathway. In conclusion, Sanxiapeptin exhibits multiphasic antifungal mechanisms of action to control green mold in citrus fruits, shows great potential as novel food preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Bai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Gaojie Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Chengxiong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Muci Wu
- School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Kun Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Ao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast in National Light Industry, College of Life Science and Pharmacy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Shiping Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast in National Light Industry, College of Life Science and Pharmacy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei Province, China.
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Mikaliunaite L, Synovec RE. Simultaneous discovery of compounds dominated by either molding kinetics or geographical region of origin for moisture damaged cacao beans using orthogonally applied tile-based fisher ratio analysis of GC×GC-TOFMS data. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465093. [PMID: 38897109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein, two "orthogonal" characteristics of moisture damaged cacao beans (temporally dependent molding kinetics versus the time-independent geographical region of origin) are simultaneously analyzed in a comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) dataset using tile-based Fisher ratio (F-ratio) analysis. Cacao beans from six geographical regions were analyzed once a day for six days following the initiation of moisture damage to trigger the molding process. Thus, there are two "extremes" to the experimental sample class design: six time points for the molding kinetics versus the six geographical regions of origin, resulting in a 6 × 6 element signal array referred to as a composite chemical fingerprint (CCF) for each analyte. Usually, this study would involve initial generation of two separate hit lists using F-ratio analysis, one hit list from inputting the data with the six time point classes, then another hit list from inputting the dataset from the perspective of geographic region of origin. However, analysis of two separate hit lists with the intent to distill them down to one hit list is extremely time-consuming and fraught with shortcomings due to the challenges associated with attempting to match analytes across two hit lists. To address this challenge, tile-based F-ratio analysis is "orthogonally applied" to each analyte CCF to simultaneously determine two F-ratios at the chromatographic 2D location (F-ratiokinetic and F-ratioregion) for each hit, by ranking a single hit list using the higher of the two F-ratios resulting in the discovery of 591 analytes. Further, using a pseudo-null distribution approach, at the 99.9% threshold over 400 analytes were deemed suitable for PCA classification. Using a more stringent 99.999% threshold, over 100 analytes were explored more deeply using PARAFAC to provide a purified mass spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Mikaliunaite
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Robert E Synovec
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Banerjee S, Kundu D, Dey S, Kumbhakar P, Mahapatra PL, Karmakar S, Tiwari CS, Banerjee R. A cleaner and eco-friendly approach to simultaneous extraction and characterization of essential oil and pectin from Assam lemon peel and its application for energy generation through TENG devices. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32999. [PMID: 39165985 PMCID: PMC11334901 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientists have been working on developing a green bio-TENG for portable remote devices, including wearables in the biomedical sector. The process involves obtaining pectin, a green material with anti-microbial properties, as a Triboelectric material. This study focuses on the extraction of essential oil (EO) and pectin from Assam lemon peel simultaneously. A single-step strategy was optimized using a central composite design-based response surface approach. The extracted pectin yielded 4.19 ± 0.31 % and 11.53 ± 0.11 %, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed 52 volatile components in the Assam lemon EOs, with limonin being 94.47 % and β-Bisabolene being 1.26 %. Only khusilal was found in the EOs, a rare discovery in the scientific domain. The extracted pectin showed good purity and antimicrobial properties. The in vitro activities of the citrus EO against microbial cultures revealed its activity in controlling and eradicating bacterial and fungal growth. Hydro distillation followed by enzyme treatment is a promising approach that combines two separate extraction procedures. The produced biopolymer showed the generation of electrical signals under minimal pressure and stretching and prevented microbial degeneration when applied to a nanogenerator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhodeep Banerjee
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Debajyoti Kundu
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Subhara Dey
- P.K. Sinha Centre for Bioenergy and Renewables, Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Partha Kumbhakar
- Department of Metalllurgy and Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Preeti Lata Mahapatra
- Department of Metalllurgy and Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sandipan Karmakar
- Department of Management Studies, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwari
- Department of Metalllurgy and Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Rintu Banerjee
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- P.K. Sinha Centre for Bioenergy and Renewables, Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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Álvarez M, Agostini I, Sampaio A, Román Á, Delgado J, Rodrigues P. Unravelling the effect of control agents on Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi on a chestnut-based medium by proteomics. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1895-1903. [PMID: 38053437 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi is the major chestnut pathogen, responsible for economic losses and recently described as a 3-nitropropionic acid and diplodiatoxin mycotoxin producer. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST 713 (Serenade® ASO), B. amyloliquefaciens CIMO-BCA1, and the fungicide Horizon® (tebuconazole) have been shown to reduce the growth of G. smithogilvyi. However, they enhanced mycotoxin production. Proteomics can clarify the mould's physiology and the impact of antifungal agents on the mould's metabolism. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of Horizon®, Serenade®, and B. amyloliquefaciens CIMO-BCA1 in the proteome of G. smithogilvyi to unveil their modes of action and decipher why the mould responds by increasing the mycotoxin production. For this, the mycelium close to the inhibition zone provoked by antifungals was macroscopically and microscopically observed. Proteins were extracted and analysed using a Q-Exactive plus Orbitrap. RESULTS The results did not elucidate specific proteins involved in the mycotoxin biosynthesis, but these agents provoked different kinds of stress on the mould, mainly affecting the cell wall structures and antioxidant response, which points to the mycotoxins overproduction as a defence mechanism. The biocontrol agent CIMO-BCA1 acts similar to tebuconazole. The results revealed different responses on the mould's metabolism when co-cultured with the two B. amyloliquefaciens, showing different modes of action of each bacterium, which opens the possibility of combining both biocontrol strategies. CONCLUSION These results unveil different modes of action of the treatments that could help to reduce the use of toxic chemicals to combat plant pathogens worldwide. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Álvarez
- Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Sección Departamental de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Nutrición, Bromatología, Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isadora Agostini
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana Sampaio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado Instituto para a Inovação, Capacitação e Sustentabilidade da Produção Agroalimentar, Universidad de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ángel Román
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Josué Delgado
- Higiene y Seguridad Alimentaria, Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Paula Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança, Portugal
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Proteomics as a New-Generation Tool for Studying Moulds Related to Food Safety and Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054709. [PMID: 36902140 PMCID: PMC10003330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mould development in foodstuffs is linked to both spoilage and the production of mycotoxins, provoking food quality and food safety concerns, respectively. The high-throughput technology proteomics applied to foodborne moulds is of great interest to address such issues. This review presents proteomics approaches useful for boosting strategies to minimise the mould spoilage and the hazard related to mycotoxins in food. Metaproteomics seems to be the most effective method for mould identification despite the current problems related to the bioinformatics tool. More interestingly, different high resolution mass spectrometry tools are suitable for evaluating the proteome of foodborne moulds able to unveil the mould's response under certain environmental conditions and the presence of biocontrol agents or antifungals, being sometimes combined with a method with limited ability to separate proteins, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. However, the matrix complexity, the high ranges of protein concentrations needed and the performing of multiple steps are some of the proteomics limitations for the application to foodborne moulds. To overcome some of these limitations, model systems have been developed and proteomics applied to other scientific fields, such as library-free data independent acquisition analyses, the implementation of ion mobility, and the evaluation of post-translational modifications, are expected to be gradually implemented in this field for avoiding undesirable moulds in foodstuffs.
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Development of smoke flavour-antimicrobial packaging from coconut fibre using Litsea cubeba essential oil and wood smoke for dried fish preservation and reduction of PAH. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Li Q, Zhao Y, Zuo X, Guo F, Li Y, Xie Y. Paeonol inhibits Aspergillus flavus via disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis, redox metabolism, and aflatoxin biosynthesis on rice. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Chen C, Cai N, Wan C, Kai W, Chen J. Carvacrol delays Phomopsis stem-end rot development in pummelo fruit in relation to maintaining energy status and antioxidant system. Food Chem 2022; 372:131239. [PMID: 34627096 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pummelo fruit rapidly depreciate in commodity value due to postharvest fungal decay and fruit quality deterioration. Here, we used carvacrol (CVR) to control Phomopsis stem-end rot (SER) caused by Diaporthe citri in pummelo fruit stored at 25 °C. Antifungal activity of CVR inhibited D. citri growth and Phomopsis SER development. Harvested pummelo fruit treated with CVR delayed firmness loss and lowered electrolyte leakage, and retarded hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. Unlike the control fruit, the CVR-treated fruit maintained higher levels of adenosine triphosphate and energy charge, and increased ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) activities, along with up-regulated expression levels of the respective genes. CVR improved the antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by higher non-enzymatic antioxidants amounts, higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), and up-regulated expression levels of ROS-scavenging-related genes. Collectively, CVR treatment maintained the energy status and antioxidant capacity in D. citri-infected pummelo fruit, which revealed antifungal mechanisms critical for controlling postharvest fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Postharvest Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Nan Cai
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Postharvest Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Postharvest Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Wenbin Kai
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Postharvest Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Jinyin Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Preservation Technology and Non-destructive Testing of Postharvest Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China; College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 330075, PR China
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Evaluation of Aspergillus aculeatus GC-09 for the biological control of citrus blue mold caused by Penicillium italicum. Fungal Biol 2022; 126:201-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhang M, Wang J, Luo Q, Yang C, Yang H, Cheng Y. CsMYB96 enhances citrus fruit resistance against fungal pathogen by activating salicylic acid biosynthesis and facilitating defense metabolite accumulation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 264:153472. [PMID: 34315028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruit are generally confronted with various fungal diseases that cause fruit deterioration and economic loss. Salicylic acid (SA), a plant hormone, is an important signal molecule required for stimulating the disease resistance of plants. However, there has been limited information about the molecular mechanism of SA biosynthesis involving biotic stress response in citrus fruit. In the present study, an R2R3 MYB transcription factor (CsMYB96) was identified to mediate SA signaling in response to fungal diseases. The transient overexpression assay revealed that CsMYB96 contributed to the strong tolerance of citrus fruit to Penicillium italicum along with an increase in SA content; meanwhile, CsMYB96 conferred resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis plants. Further metabolomic profiling of stable transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that CsMYB96 participated in the regulation of various metabolism pathways and enhanced the accumulation of phenolic acids. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that overexpression of CsMYB96 activated the expression of genes involved in plant-pathogen interaction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and SA signaling. Besides, CsMBY96 directly activated the transcription of calmodulin binding protein 60g (CsCBP60g), a predominant transcription factor required for the activation of SA signaling. In summary, our results reveal that CsMYB96 promotes SA biosynthesis and the accumulation of defense metabolites to enhance the fungal pathogen resistance of citrus fruit and Arabidopsis and provide new insights into the regulation of disease response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Zhang
- National R&D Centre for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Jinqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Qujuan Luo
- National R&D Centre for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Ce Yang
- National R&D Centre for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Hongbin Yang
- National R&D Centre for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National R&D Centre for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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Lin M, Chen J, Wu D, Chen K. Volatile Profile and Biosynthesis of Post-harvest Apples are Affected by the Mechanical Damage. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9716-9724. [PMID: 34375116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical damage to fruit causes flavor changes during post-harvest supply chains. It is important to identify the main volatiles and explore their biosynthesis mechanism. In this study, the volatile changes in apples caused by mechanical damage were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry. Hexanal and ethyl acetate were accumulated and identified as potential volatile biomarkers to detect damaged apples. The study on the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway and transcription factors (TFs) shows that mechanical damage up-regulated the expression of MdLOX-like, MdLOX3b, MdLOX7b, MdLOX7c, MdLOX2a, and MdAAT in the LOX pathway and that of one MYB TF (MdMYB-like), five ERF TFs (MdERF073, MdERF003, MdERF114, MdERF15, and MdERF2), and five WRKY TFs (MdWRKY23, MdWRKY17, MdWRKY46, MdWRKY48, and MdWRKY71). Notably, MdAAT was significantly correlated to MdMYB-like, MdWRKY23, MdWRKY71, MdERF15, and MdERF2. Thus, TFs may attribute to the accumulation of hexanal and ethyl acetate by regulating the expression of LOX pathway-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Lin
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, P. R. China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture & Biotechnology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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12
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Wang A, Yue S, Peng A, Qi R. A Review of Research Progress on Agathis dammara and its Application Prospects for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fatty Liver Disease. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:670-676. [PMID: 33208073 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666201117110834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and fatty liver disease have become the leading causes of death in modern society. However, the currently existing drugs do not solve all issues related to these diseases; thus, it is expected that more potential drugs for clinical use will be developed. Undeniably, natural products have attracted increasing attention. It is of great significance to identify effective active monomer components for drug discovery and disease prevention. As a pure natural product, Agathis dammara (AD) has antioxidant, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, at present, there are few reports regarding the effects of AD on chronic inflammatory cardiovascular diseases, such as aneurysm, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cardiac hypertrophy and liver diseases such as fatty liver disease. AD and products derived from it have a very broad application prospect for cardiovascular diseases and fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyi Wang
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shanshan Yue
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ankang Peng
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Qi
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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13
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Balotf S, Tegg RS, Nichols DS, Wilson CR. Spore Germination of the Obligate Biotroph Spongospora subterranea: Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Germination Associated Genes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:691877. [PMID: 34234764 PMCID: PMC8256667 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.691877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
For soilborne pathogens, germination of the resting or dormant propagule that enables persistence within the soil environment is a key point in pathogenesis. Spongospora subterranea is an obligate soilborne protozoan that infects the roots and tubers of potato causing root and powdery scab disease for which there are currently no effective controls. A better understanding of the molecular basis of resting spore germination of S. subterranea could be important for development of novel disease interventions. However, as an obligate biotroph and soil dwelling organism, the application of new omics techniques for the study of the pre-infection process in S. subterranea has been problematic. Here, RNA sequencing was used to analyse the reprogramming of S. subterranea resting spores during the transition to zoospores in an in-vitro model. More than 63 million mean high-quality reads per sample were generated from the resting and germinating spores. By using a combination of reference-based and de novo transcriptome assembly, 6,664 unigenes were identified. The identified unigenes were subsequently annotated based on known proteins using BLAST search. Of 5,448 annotated genes, 570 genes were identified to be differentially expressed during the germination of S. subterranea resting spores, with most of the significant genes belonging to transcription and translation, amino acids biosynthesis, transport, energy metabolic processes, fatty acid metabolism, stress response and DNA repair. The datasets generated in this study provide a basic knowledge of the physiological processes associated with spore germination and will facilitate functional predictions of novel genes in S. subterranea and other plasmodiophorids. We introduce several candidate genes related to the germination of an obligate biotrophic soilborne pathogen which could be applied to the development of antimicrobial agents for soil inoculum management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Balotf
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, New Town Research Laboratories, University of Tasmania, New Town, TAS, Australia
| | - Robert S Tegg
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, New Town Research Laboratories, University of Tasmania, New Town, TAS, Australia
| | - David S Nichols
- Central Science Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Calum R Wilson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, New Town Research Laboratories, University of Tasmania, New Town, TAS, Australia
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14
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Wang Z, Zhong T, Chen X, Yang B, Du M, Wang K, Zalán Z, Kan J. Potential of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX as Biological Fumigants to Control Citrus Green Mold Decay at Postharvest. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2087-2098. [PMID: 33560120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were generated by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX with incubation in nutrient broth (NB), on NA (NB with agar), and on healthy orange fruits, and pure individual components of VOCs were used to manage citrus green mold infected by Penicillium digitatum. At a concentration of 1 × 1010 cfu/mL, the VOCs from antagonist-containing NA plates inhibited P. digitatum conidial germination and mycelial growth by about 60%, while the VOCs from bacterial fluid exhibited approximately 75% inhibitory effect. Biofumigation by VOCs significantly reduced the disease index, with a higher biocontrol efficacy by VOCs from bacterial fluid (about 51%) than from antagonist-containing NA plates (around 40%) or from antagonist-infested fruit (approximately 24%). Exposure to VOCs led to morphological abnormalities of P. digitatum conidia and hyphae. However, VOCs exhibited poor preventative and curative action against P. digitatum. The storage test showed that biofumigation had no negative effects on fruit quality. Antifungal assays suggested that dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide exhibited the highest inhibitory effects, which afforded complete inhibition at the lowest concentrations. In addition, organic acids were also promising in controlling green mold, but only at suitable low concentrations to avoid eliciting fruit's physiological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Tao Zhong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Muying Du
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Kaituo Wang
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404000, PR China
| | - Zsolt Zalán
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Food Science Research Institute of National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center, Budapest H-1022, Hungary
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, 2# Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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15
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Benzothiazole (BTH) Induced Resistance of Navel Orange Fruit and Maintained Fruit Quality during Storage. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research aimed at studying the effect of benzothiazole (BTH) on the fruit quality and resistance against Penicillium italicum (P. italicum). Recently, a synthetically prepared novel BTH was introduced that elicits the induction of resistance against various diseases of fruits. However, little was reported on the effect of BTH on the disease resistance and fruit quality of postharvest navel orange fruit. In this study, 50 mg·L−1 BTH significantly reduced the decay rate of fruits during 36 days of storage at 20 ± 0.5°C (
). BTH markedly inhibited the weight loss rate in fruits (
) and effectively maintained higher soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acid (TA), and vitamin C (VC) content compared with control navel orange fruits. Further, BTH significantly suppressed the increase of disease incidence and lesion area of orange fruits challenged with P. italicum (
). BTH treatment significantly enhanced antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and reducing power), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were significantly increased, while the activity of catalase (CAT) was opposite to the former (
). The activities of β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and chalcone isomerase (CHT) were significantly higher in BTH-treated navel orange fruits (
). Our results suggested that BTH treatment may be a promising treatment for maintaining the quality and inhibiting blue mold of postharvest navel orange in the future.
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16
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Shen Y, Chen C, Cai N, Yang R, Chen J, Kahramanoǧlu İ, Okatan V, Rengasamy KRR, Wan C. The Antifungal Activity of Loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) Leaves Extract Against Penicillium digitatum. Front Nutr 2021; 8:663584. [PMID: 34490318 PMCID: PMC8417588 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.663584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the antifungal activity of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl) leaf extract (LLE) against the citrus postharvest pathogen Penicillium digitatum (P. digitatum). The LLE exhibited an antifungal activity against P. digitatum, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.625 mg/ml and a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 1.25 mg/ml. Significant inhibitory effects of LLE on mycelial growth and spore germination of P. digitatum were seen in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, to investigate possible antifungal mechanisms by LLE, we analyzed their influence on morphological changes, cell membrane permeability, cell wall and cell membrane integrity, and adenosine phosphates (ATP, ADP, and AMP) levels. Alterations, such as sunken surface and malformation, occurred in the LLE-treated P. digitatum spores. Furthermore, intracellular inclusion content decreased after LLE treatment, indicating an increase in cell membrane permeability. Besides, the LLE treatment induced a significant decline in the level of adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with a noticeable addition of extracellular ATP, ADP, and AMP during the entire treatment period. Overall, the results manifested that the antifungal activity of LLE against P. digitatum can be attributed to the derangement of cell membrane permeability and disordered energy metabolism. This is the first report on the mechanism of antifungal activity of LLE and could be useful in the development of targeted fungicides from natural origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuying Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nan Cai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruopeng Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyin Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jinyin Chen
| | - İbrahim Kahramanoǧlu
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, European University of Lefke, Gemikonagi, Turkey
| | - Volkan Okatan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Mankweng, South Africa
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits, Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Chunpeng Wan
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17
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Anandakumar P, Kamaraj S, Vanitha MK. D-limonene: A multifunctional compound with potent therapeutic effects. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13566. [PMID: 33289132 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
D-limonene or 4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene (C10 H16 ) is a monocyclic monoterpene abundant in citrus plants like lemon, orange, and grape. The application of D-limonene in the form of flavor and fragrance additive in perfumes, soaps, foods, and beverages is consistently increased due to its high-quality fragrance property. This review is intended to analyze and delineate every possible available evidence and details about D-limonene with the special focus on its therapeutic efficacy. Many studies have reported that D-limonene effectively plays a valuable role in the prevention of several chronic and degenerative diseases. This review provides worthy information about the beneficial effects of D-limonene such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, immune modulatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-genotoxic etc. This could in turn help in the application of D-limonene for clinical studies. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Various plant families contain Terpenes as their secondary metabolites. Monoterpenes constitute an important part of these secondary metabolites. D-limonene is a well-identified monoterpene that is commonly applied as a fragrance ingredient in essential oils. D-limonene is known to possess remarkable biological activities. It can be effectively used for treating various ailments and diseases. Due to its diverse functions, it can be efficiently utilized for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandi Anandakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sattu Kamaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Manickam Kalappan Vanitha
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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18
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Lin SH, Luo P, Yuan E, Zhu X, Zhang B, Wu X. Physiological and Proteomic Analysis of Penicillium digitatum in Response to X33 Antifungal Extract Treatment. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:584331. [PMID: 33240238 PMCID: PMC7677231 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.584331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is a widespread pathogen among Rutaceae species that causes severe fruit decay symptoms on infected citrus fruit (known as citrus green mold). The employment of fungicides can effectively control the citrus green mold, significantly reducing agricultural economic loss. In this study, we found that the X33 antifungal extract produced by Streptomyces lavendulae strain X33 inhibited the hyphae polarization of P. digitatum. Additionally, physiological and proteomic analysis strategies were applied to explore the inhibitory mechanism of the X33 antifungal extract of the S. lavendulae strain X33 on the mycelial growth of P. digitatum. A total of 277 differentially expressed proteins, consisting of 207 upregulated and 70 downregulated, were identified from the comparative proteomics analysis. The results indicated that the X33 antifungal extract induced mitochondrial membrane dysfunction and cellular integrity impairment, which can affect energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and transmembrane transport. The improved alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular conductivity, increased H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents, and inhibition of energy, amino acid, and sugar metabolism indicated that the oxidative stress of P. digitatum is induced by the X33 antifungal extract. These findings provided insight into the antifungal mechanism of the X33 antifungal extract against P. digitatum by suggesting that it may be an effective fungicide for controlling citrus postharvest green mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Lin
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Pan Luo
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - En Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
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19
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Wang Z, Sui Y, Li J, Tian X, Wang Q. Biological control of postharvest fungal decays in citrus: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:861-870. [PMID: 33034197 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1829542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Citrus (Citrus spp.) species produce a variety of fruits that are popular worldwide. Citrus fruits, however, are susceptible to postharvest decays caused by various pathogenic fungi, including Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum, Geotrichum citri-aurantii, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. Decays resulting from infections by these pathogens cause a significant reduction in citrus quality and marketable yield. Biological control of postharvest decay utilizing antagonistic bacteria and fungi has been explored as a promising alternative to synthetic fungicides. In the present article, the isolation of antagonists utilized to manage postharvest decays in citrus is reviewed, and the mechanism of action including recent molecular and genomic studies is discussed as well. Several recently-postulated mechanisms of action, such as biofilm formation and an oxidative burst of reactive oxygen species have been highlighted. Improvements in biocontrol efficacy of antagonists through the use of a combination of microbial antagonists and additives are also reviewed. Biological control utilizing bacterial and yeast antagonists is a critical component of an integrated management approach for the sustainable development of the citrus industry. Further research will be needed, however, to explore and utilize beneficial microbial consortia and novel approaches like CRISPR/Cas technology for management of postharvest decays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshuo Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators/Crop Chemical Control Research Center, Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Sui
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, College of Forestry and Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing, China
| | - Jishun Li
- Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology Shandong, Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulators/Crop Chemical Control Research Center, Department of Agronomy, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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20
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Lafuente MT, Romero P, Ballester AR. Coordinated activation of the metabolic pathways induced by LED blue light in citrus fruit. Food Chem 2020; 341:128050. [PMID: 33049419 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical changes induced by LED Blue Light (LBL) (450 nm) in Lane Late oranges were investigated. The selected quantum flux (60 µmol m-2 s-1, 2 days) was associated with resistance against Penicillium digitatum, the main postharvest pathogen of citrus fruit. A holistic overview was obtained by a comparative transcriptome profile analysis, which revealed that LBL favored energy metabolism and redirected metabolic pathways toward the synthesis of diverse primary and secondary metabolism products. LBL favored reactive oxygen species homeostasis and metabolic activities involving lipid metabolism, specifically the synthesis of pigments and oxylipins, and the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids and indol- and alkaloid-derivatives. LBL also repressed limonene catabolism and triggered phenylpropanoid derivatives-related changes, which increased content in total flavonoids. Transferring fruit from LBL to darkness favored those processes involving amino acids, different phenylpropanoid, alkaloid and terpenoid classes, and ferrochelatase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Lafuente
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Paco Romero
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana-Rosa Ballester
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, IATA-CSIC, Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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21
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Guo M, Liu J, Xu Z, Wang J, Li T, Lei H, Duan X, Sun Y, Zhang X, Huang R. 2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone Induces Metabolic Shifts in Penicillium Digitatum Revealed by High-Dimensional Biological Data. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9697-9706. [PMID: 32803964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is the primary pathogen causing the green mold of citrus. The need for the development of higher effective and lower toxic natural antifungal agents is urgent, owing to the lack of antifungal agents that can successfully combat P. digitatum. Herein, the effects and mechanisms of 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) as a potential inhibitor of P. digitatumwere studied. First, MNQ showed a significant anti-P. digitatum effect with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 5.0 μg/mL. Then, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome profiling were performed on the MNQ-treated P. digitatum. A total of 910 genes, 297 proteins, and 174 metabolites changed significantly. The omics analysis indicated that it could be seen that MNQ mainly inhibits the growth of P. digitatum by affecting the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids and cell walls. These findings will be a great contribution to the further understanding of the possible molecular action of MNQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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22
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Encapsulated Limonene: A Pleasant Lemon-Like Aroma with Promising Application in the Agri-Food Industry. A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112598. [PMID: 32503168 PMCID: PMC7321087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Limonene, mainly found as a major component in Citrus spp., has been proven to possess a valuable potential as sustainable replacement to synthetic pesticides and food preservatives. This review intends to give a clear overview of the principal emerging applications of limonene in the agri-food industry as antimicrobial, herbicidal and antioxidant agent. To successfully use limonene in a greener agri-food industry, its preservation had become a top concern for manufacturers. In order to elucidate the most efficient and sustainable manner to encapsulate limonene, the different techniques and materials tested up to the present are also reviewed. In general, encapsulation conserves and protects limonene from outside aggressions, but also allows its controlled release as well as enhances its low water solubility, which can be critical for the discussed applications. Other parameters such as scalability, low cost and availability of equipment will need to be taken into account. Further efforts would likely be oriented to the elucidation of encapsulating sustainable systems obtained by cost-efficient elaboration processes, which can deliver effective concentrations of limonene without affecting crops and food products.
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23
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Chen C, Wan C, Peng X, Chen J. A flavonone pinocembroside inhibits Penicillium italicum growth and blue mold development in 'Newhall' navel oranges by targeting membrane damage mechanism. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 165:104505. [PMID: 32359555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blue mold caused by Penicillium italicum is an important postharvest disease of citrus fruit. The antifungal activity of a flavonone pinocembroside compound obtained from the fruit of Ficus hirta Vahl., was evaluated against P. italicum. Pinocembroside showed antifungal activity against in vitro mycelial growth of P. italicum, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 200 and 800 mg/L, respectively. The blue mold development on 'Newhall' navel oranges was inhibited by pinocembroside in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, pinocembroside might exert its antifungal activity via membrane-targeted mechanism with increasing membrane permeability, reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity and acceleration of lipid peroxidation in the pathogen. This pioneering study suggested that pinocembroside suppressed postharvest blue mold by direct inhibition of P. italicum mycelial growth via membrane-targeting mechanism, thus providing a novel mode of action against traditional fungicides for controlling blue mold of citrus fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuan Peng
- Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 330075, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyin Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China; Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 330075, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Chen C, Cai N, Chen J, Wan C. UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Approach Reveals the Antifungal Potential of Pinocembroside against Citrus Green Mold Phytopathogen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E17. [PMID: 31877872 PMCID: PMC7020183 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pinocembroside (PiCB) isolated from Ficus hirta Vahl. fruit was studied herein with the aim to find the potential mechanism for significant inhibition of growth of Penicillium digitatum, a causative pathogen of citrus green mold disease. PiCB substantially inhibited mycelial growth of P. digitatum, with the observed half maximal effective concentration (EC50), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 120.3, 200, and 400 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, PiCB altered hyphal morphology and cellular morphology by breaking and shrinking of mycelia, decomposing cell walls, cytoplasmic inclusions. In addition to, a non-targeted metabolomics analysis by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was also performed, which revealed that PiCB treatment notably disrupted the metabolisms of amino acids, lipids, fatty acids, TCA, and ribonucleic acids, thereby contributing to membrane peroxidation. Current findings provide a new perception into the antifungal mechanism of PiCB treatment in inhibiting P. digitatum growth through membrane peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Nan Cai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Jinyin Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.C.); (N.C.)
- Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.C.); (N.C.)
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25
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Chen F, Ma R, Chen XL. Advances of Metabolomics in Fungal Pathogen-Plant Interactions. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9080169. [PMID: 31443304 PMCID: PMC6724083 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9080169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant disease caused by fungus is one of the major threats to global food security, and understanding fungus-plant interactions is important for plant disease control. Research devoted to revealing the mechanisms of fungal pathogen-plant interactions has been conducted using genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Metabolomics research based on mass spectrometric techniques is an important part of systems biology. In the past decade, the emerging field of metabolomics in plant pathogenic fungi has received wide attention. It not only provides a qualitative and quantitative approach for determining the pathogenesis of pathogenic fungi but also helps to elucidate the defense mechanisms of their host plants. This review focuses on the methods and progress of metabolomics research in fungal pathogen-plant interactions. In addition, the prospects and challenges of metabolomics research in plant pathogenic fungi and their hosts are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ruijing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- The Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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26
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Costa JH, Bazioli JM, de Moraes Pontes JG, Fill TP. Penicillium digitatum infection mechanisms in citrus: What do we know so far? Fungal Biol 2019; 123:584-593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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