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Chen Y, Ci F, Jiang H, Meng D, Hamouda HI, Liu C, Quan Y, Chen S, Bai X, Zhang Z, Gao X, Balah MA, Mao X. Catalytic properties characterization and degradation mode elucidation of a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121929. [PMID: 38494211 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Polymerized guluronates (polyG)-specific alginate lyase with lower polymerized mannuronates (polyM)-degrading activity, superior stability, and clear action mode is a powerful biotechnology tool for the preparation of AOSs rich in M blocks. In this study, we expressed and characterized a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7 from Formosa agariphila KMM3901. OUC-FaAly7 belonging to polysaccharide lyase (PL) family 7 had highest activity (2743.7 ± 20.3 U/μmol) at 45 °C and pH 6.0. Surprisingly, its specific activity against polyG reached 8560.2 ± 76.7 U/μmol, whereas its polyM-degrading activity was nearly 0 within 10 min reaction. Suggesting that OUC-FaAly7 was a strict polyG-specific alginate lyase. Importantly, OUC-FaAly7 showed a wide range of temperature adaptations and remarkable temperature and pH stability. Its relative activity between 20 °C and 45 °C reached >90 % of the maximum activity. The minimum identifiable substrate of OUC-FaAly7 was guluronate tetrasaccharide (G4). Action process and mode showed that it was a novel alginate lyase digesting guluronate hexaose (G6), guluronate heptaose (G7), and polymerized guluronates, with the preferential generation of unsaturated guluronate pentasaccharide (UG5), although which could be further degraded into unsaturated guluronate disaccharide (UG3) and trisaccharide (UG2). This study contributes to illustrating the catalytic properties, substrate recognition, and action mode of novel polyG-specific alginate lyases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Fangfang Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Weihai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chuangxin Road 166-6, Torch Hi-tech Science Park, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China.
| | - Di Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hamed I Hamouda
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Processes Design and Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chunhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yongyi Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Suxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xinxue Bai
- Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Mohamed A Balah
- Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
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2
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Shu Z, Wang G, Liu F, Xu Y, Sun J, Hu Y, Dong H, Zhang J. Genome Sequencing-Based Mining and Characterization of a Novel Alginate Lyase from Vibrio alginolyticus S10 for Specific Production of Disaccharides. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:564. [PMID: 37999388 PMCID: PMC10672080 DOI: 10.3390/md21110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides prepared by alginate lyases attracted great attention because of their desirable biological activities. However, the hydrolysis products are always a mixture of oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization, which increases the production cost because of the following purification procedures. In this study, an alginate lyase, Alg4755, with high product specificity was identified, heterologously expressed, and characterized from Vibrio alginolyticus S10, which was isolated from the intestine of sea cucumber. Alg4755 belonged to the PL7 family with two catalytic domains, which was composed of 583 amino acids. Enzymatic characterization results show that the optimal reaction temperature and pH of Alg4755 were 35 °C and 8.0, respectively. Furthermore, Alg4755 was identified to have high thermal and pH stability. Moreover, the final hydrolysis products of sodium alginate catalyzed by Alg4755 were mainly alginate disaccharides with a small amount of alginate trisaccharides. The results demonstrate that alginate lyase Alg4755 could have a broad application prospect because of its high product specificity and desirable catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China;
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
| | - Gongming Wang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; (J.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China; (G.W.)
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control and Deep Processing of Marine Food, Yantai 264006, China
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3
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Guo Q, Dan M, Zheng Y, Shen J, Zhao G, Wang D. Improving the thermostability of a novel PL-6 family alginate lyase by rational design engineering for industrial preparation of alginate oligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:125998. [PMID: 37499708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is degraded into alginate oligosaccharides with various biological activities by enzymes. However, the thermostability of the enzyme limits its industrial application. In this study, a novel PL-6 alginate lyase, AlyRm6A from Rhodothermus marinus 4252 was expressed and characterized. In addition, an efficient comprehensive strategy was proposed, including automatic design of heat-resistant mutants, multiple computer-aided ΔΔGfold value calculation, and conservative analysis of mutation sites. AlyRm6A has naturally high thermostability. Compared with the WT, T43I and Q216I kept their original activities, and their half-lives were increased from 3.68 h to 4.29 h and 4.54 h, melting point temperatures increased from 61.5 °C to 62.9 °C and 63.5 °C, respectively. The results of circular dichroism showed that both the mutants and the wild type had the characteristic peaks of β-sheet at 195 nm and 216 nm, which indicated that there was no significant effect on the secondary structure of the protein. Molecular dynamics simulation (MD) analyses suggest that the enhancement of the hydrophobic interaction network, improvement of molecular rigidity, and denser structure could improve the stability of AlyRm6A. To the best of our knowledge, our findings indicate that AlyRm6A mutants exhibit the highest thermostability among the characterized PL-6 alginate lyases, making them potential candidates for industrial production of alginate oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Meiling Dan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ji Shen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Damao Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Cao Z, Liu Z, Zhang G, Mao X. P mutants with different promoting period and their application for quorum sensing regulated protein expression. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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5
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Wang HY, Chen ZF, Zheng ZH, Lei HW, Cong HH, Zhou HX. A Novel Cold-Adapted and High-Alkaline Alginate Lyase with Potential for Alginate Oligosaccharides Preparation. Molecules 2023; 28:6190. [PMID: 37687019 PMCID: PMC10488352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs) prepared through enzymatic reaction by diverse alginate lyases under relatively controllable and moderate conditions possess versatile biological activities. But widely used commercial alginate lyases are still rather rare due to their poor properties (e.g., lower activity, worse thermostability, ion tolerance, etc.). In this work, the alginate lyase Alyw208, derived from Vibrio sp. W2, was expressed in Yarrowia lipolytica of food grade and characterized in order to obtain an enzyme with excellent properties adapted to industrial requirements. Alyw208 classified into the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 7 family showed maximum activity at 35 °C and pH 10.0, indicating its cold-adapted and high-alkaline properties. Furthermore, Alyw208 preserved over 70% of the relative activity within the range of 10-55 °C, with a broader temperature range for the activity compared to other alginate-degrading enzymes with cold adaptation. Recombinant Alyw208 was significantly activated with 1.5 M NaCl to around 2.1 times relative activity. In addition, the endolytic Alyw208 was polyG-preferred, but identified as a bifunctional alginate lyase that could degrade both polyM and polyG effectively, releasing AOs with degrees of polymerization (DPs) of 2-6 and alginate monomers as the final products (that is, DPs 1-6). Alyw208 has been suggested with favorable properties to be a potent candidate for biotechnological and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.-Y.W.); (Z.-F.C.); (Z.-H.Z.); (H.-W.L.)
| | - Zhi-Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.-Y.W.); (Z.-F.C.); (Z.-H.Z.); (H.-W.L.)
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.-Y.W.); (Z.-F.C.); (Z.-H.Z.); (H.-W.L.)
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hui-Wen Lei
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar Fishery, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.-Y.W.); (Z.-F.C.); (Z.-H.Z.); (H.-W.L.)
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hai-Hua Cong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou 215008, China
| | - Hai-Xiang Zhou
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China
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6
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Chang S, Hu J, Zhu B, You L, Pedisić S, Hileuskaya K. The effects of alginate lyase treatment on structural characteristics and anti‐photoaging activity of alginate from
Sargassum fusiforme. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Chang
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Hu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Biyang Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun You
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center) Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Sandra Pedisić
- Faculty of Food Technology & Biotechnology University of Zagreb Zadar Croatia
| | - Kseniya Hileuskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Minsk Belarus
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7
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Zheng Y, Wang Y, Dan M, Li Y, Zhao G, Wang D. Characterization of degradation patterns and enzymatic properties of a novel alkali-resistant alginate lyase AlyRm1 from Rubrivirga marina. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 6:100414. [PMID: 36569190 PMCID: PMC9772803 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyase is essential for the production of alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs), which exhibit diverse bioactivities and have numerous applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The creation of recombinant alginate lyase by genetic engineering lays a crucial foundation for the commercialization of alginate lyase. This study cloned and expressed the polysaccharide lyase family 6 (PL6) alginate lyase gene alyrm1 from Rubrivirga marina.The optimum temperature and pH for recombinant AlyRm1 are 30 °C and 10.0, respectively. AlyRm1 shows good alkaline stability, for it remained over 80% of the enzyme activity after being incubated at pH 10.0 for 24 h AlyRm1 preferentially degrades PolyM into AOSs with degrees of polymerization (DP) 2-5 and monosaccharides as an endolytic bifunctional lyase. In addition, the analysis of degradation products toward oligosaccharides revealed that the minimal substrate of AlyRm1 is trisaccharide and clarified the degradation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Resource and Environment, Baoshan University, Baoshan, 678000, PR China
| | - Meiling Dan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yanping Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Damao Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China,Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, Guangxi, 537000, PR China,Corresponding author. College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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8
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Deng C, Zhao M, Zhao Q, Zhao L. Advances in green bioproduction of marine and glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Yan F, Chen J, Cai T, Zhong J, Zhang S. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel endo-type alginate lyase from Microbulbifer sp. BY17. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4522-4531. [PMID: 35137421 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), with various physiological effects, have been widely used in the food, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries. The biological enzymatic method of preparing AOS, using alginate lyase, has more advantages compared with physical and chemical methods. Cloning and heterologously expressing alginate lyase are therefore very important. RESULTS A novel alginate lyase, BY17PV7, from Microbulbifer sp. BY17, isolated from Gracilaria, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). BY17PV7 was about 27 KDa. BY17PV7 showed the greatest activity (150.42 ± 3.32 U/mg) at 43 °C and pH 8.9. It could be activated by Ca2+ , Mn2+ , Co2+ , Fe3+ , Na+ , and inhibited by Mg2+ , Zn2+ , Ba2+ , Cu2+ , sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). BY17PV7 had a wide range of substrate specificity and good degradation effects for poly β-D-mannuronate (polyM) and poly α-L-guluronate (polyG), demonstrating that it is a bifunctional alginate lyase. The kinetic parameters showed that BY17PV7 had a greater affinity for polyG. BY17PV7 released AOS with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 3-4 in an endolytic manner from sodium alginate. Alginate oligosaccharides showed strong antioxidant ability of reducing Fe3+ and scavenging radicals such as hydroxyl, 2,2-azion-bia (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). CONCLUSION A novel bifunctional alginate lyase, BY17PV7, was expressed and characterized in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The results were helpful for the analysis of the molecular mechanisms of degrading patterns in the polysaccharide lyase (PL) family. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Yan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junying Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Cai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinfu Zhong
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Long L, Hu Q, Wang X, Li H, Li Z, Jiang Z, Ni H, Li Q, Zhu Y. A bifunctional exolytic alginate lyase from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 with salt activation and calcium-dependent catalysis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 161:110109. [PMID: 35939899 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alginate lyases can depolymerize alginate to oligomers with potential applications in many fields. Here a new alginate lyase, namely AlgL6, was characterized from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1, phylogenetically classified into the polysaccharide lyase family 6 (PL6). The recombinant alginate lyase AlgL6 exerted enzymatic activities towards polymannuronate, polyguluronate, and sodium alginate in an exolytic manner. AlgL6 had an optimum temperature of 35 °C and good stability at 30 °C or below. Its optimum pH was 8.0, and it had good stability over the pH range of 5.0-9.0. AlgL6 exhibited excellent halo-stability against Na+, and its activity can be increased up to about 1.8 times by 0.5 M NaCl. AlgL6 also showed strong stability in the presence of some nonionic detergents such as Tween 20 and Tween 80. The degradation products of sodium alginate by AlgL6 exhibited more effective antioxidant activities than the undigested polysaccharides. Structure analysis illustrated the catalytic mechanism defined by the coordination of the acid/base residues Arg269 and Lys248 of AlgL6. The replacement of Ca2+-interacting amino acid residues in AlgL6 and depletion of Ca2+ suggested the involvement of Ca2+ in the enzyme's catalytic activity. These properties of AlgL6 supply support to its industrial application for development of alginate bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liufei Long
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qingsong Hu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hebin Li
- Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zedong Jiang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui Ni
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qingbiao Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yanbing Zhu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen 361021, China; Research Center of Food Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen 361021, China.
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11
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Lu S, Na K, Wei J, Zhang L, Guo X. Alginate oligosaccharides: The structure-function relationships and the directional preparation for application. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119225. [PMID: 35287920 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are degradation products of alginate extracted from brown algae. With low molecular weight, high water solubility, and good biological activity, AOS present anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. They also exert growth-promoting effects in animals and plants. Three types of AOS, mannuronate oligosaccharides (MAOS), guluronate oligosaccharides (GAOS), and heterozygous mannuronate and guluronate oligosaccharides (HAOS), can be produced from alginate by enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus far, most studies on the applications and biological activities of AOS have been based mainly on a hybrid form of HAOS. To improve the directional production of AOS for practical applications, systematic studies on the structures and related biological activities of AOS are needed. This review provides a summary of current understanding of structure-function relationships and advances in the production of AOS. The current challenges and opportunities in the application of AOS is suggested to guide the precise application of AOS in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lu
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China
| | - Kai Na
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China
| | - Jiani Wei
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- College of Life Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182, Minyuan Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430074, China.
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Wang M, Chen L, Lou Z, Yuan X, Pan G, Ren X, Wang P. Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Alginate Lyase from Paenibacillus sp. LJ-23. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010066. [PMID: 35049921 PMCID: PMC8780880 DOI: 10.3390/md20010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As a low molecular weight alginate, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) exhibit improved water solubility, better bioavailability, and comprehensive health benefits. In addition, their biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity, and gelling capability make them an excellent biomaterial with a dual curative effect when applied in a drug delivery system. In this paper, a novel alginate lyase, Algpt, was cloned and characterized from a marine bacterium, Paenibacillus sp. LJ-23. The purified enzyme was composed of 387 amino acid residues, and had a molecular weight of 42.8 kDa. The optimal pH of Algpt was 7.0 and the optimal temperature was 45 °C. The analysis of the conserved domain and the prediction of the three-dimensional structure indicated that Algpt was a novel alginate lyase. The dominant degradation products of Algpt on alginate were AOS dimer to octamer, depending on the incubation time, which demonstrated that Algpt degraded alginate in an endolytic manner. In addition, Algpt was a salt-independent and thermo-tolerant alginate lyase. Its high stability and wide adaptability endow Algpt with great application potential for the efficient preparation of AOS with different sizes and AOS-based products.
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13
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Marine microbial enzymes for the production of algal oligosaccharides and its bioactive potential for application as nutritional supplements. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:175-191. [PMID: 34997524 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae have a very high carbohydrate content due to complex algal polysaccharides (APS) like agar, alginate, and ulvan in their cell wall. Despite numerous reports on their biomedical properties, their hydrocolloid nature limits their applications. Algal oligosaccharides (AOS), which are hydrolyzed forms of complex APS, are gaining importance due to their low molecular weight, biocompatibility, bioactivities, safety, and solubility in water that makes it a lucrative alternative. The AOS produced through enzymatic hydrolysis using microbial enzymes have far-reaching applications because of its stereospecific nature. Identification and characterization of novel microorganisms producing APS hydrolyzing enzymes are the major bottlenecks for the efficient production of AOS. This review will discuss the marine microbial enzymes identified for AOS production and the bioactive potential of enzymatically produced AOS. This can improve our understanding of the biotechnological potential of microbial enzymes for the production of AOS and facilitate the sustainable utilization of algal biomass. Enzymatically produced AOS are shown to have bioactivities such as antioxidant, antiglycemic, prebiotic, immunomodulation, antiobesity or antihypercholesterolemia, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity. The myriad of health benefits provided by the AOS is the need of the hour as there is an alarming increase in physiological disorders among a wide range of the global population.
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Geng ZQ, Qian DK, Hu ZY, Wang S, Yan Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Zeng RJ, Zhang F. Identification of Extracellular Key Enzyme and Intracellular Metabolic Pathway in Alginate-Degrading Consortia via an Integrated Metaproteomic/Metagenomic Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16636-16645. [PMID: 34860015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Uronic acid in extracellular polymeric substances is a primary but often ignored factor related to the difficult hydrolysis of waste-activated sludge (WAS), with alginate as a typical polymer. Previously, we enriched alginate-degrading consortia (ADC) in batch reactors that can enhance methane production from WAS, but the enzymes and metabolic pathway are not well documented. In this work, two chemostats in series were operated to enrich ADC, in which 10 g/L alginate was wholly consumed. Based on it, the extracellular alginate lyase (∼130 kD, EC 4.2.2.3) in the cultures was identified by metaproteomic analysis. This enzyme offers a high specificity to convert alginate to disaccharides over other mentioned hydrolases. Genus Bacteroides (>60%) was revealed as the key bacterium for alginate conversion. A new Entner-Doudoroff pathway of alginate via 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-d-glucuronate (DDG) and 3-deoxy-d-glycerol-2,5-hexdiulosonate (DGH) as the intermediates to 2-keto-3-deoxy-gluconate (KDG) was constructed based on the metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis. In summary, this work documented the core enzymes and metabolic pathway for alginate degradation, which provides a good paradigm when analyzing the degrading mechanism of unacquainted substrates. The outcome will further contribute to the application of Bacteroides-dominated ADC on WAS methanogenesis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qian Geng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ding-Kang Qian
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Hu
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yang Yan
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, Delft 2628 BC, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Center of Wastewater Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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15
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Wei W, Zhang X, Hou Z, Hu X, Wang Y, Wang C, Yang S, Cui H, Zhu L. Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081723. [PMID: 34441501 PMCID: PMC8394645 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High salinity is an effective measure to preserve kelp, but salted kelp can still deteriorate after long-term preservation. In order to clarify the key conditions and microbial behavior of salted kelp preservation, 10% (S10), 20% (S20), and 30% (S30) salt concentrations were evaluated at 25 °C (T25) and 4 °C (T4). After 30 days storage, these salted kelps showed different states including rot (T25S10), softening (T25S20), and undamaged (other samples). By detecting polysaccharide lyase activity and performing high-throughput sequencing of the prokaryotic 16S rRNA sequence and metagenome, we found that deteriorated kelps (T25S10 and T25S20) had significantly higher alginate lyase activity and bacterial relative abundance than other undamaged samples. Dyella, Saccharophagus, Halomonas, Aromatoleum, Ulvibacter, Rhodopirellula, and Microbulbifer were annotated with genes encoding endonuclease-type alginate lyases, while Bacillus and Thiobacillus were annotated as the exonuclease type. Additionally, no alginate lyase activity was detected in undamaged kelps, whose dominant microorganisms were halophilic archaea without alginate lyase-encoding genes. These results indicated that room-temperature storage may promote salted kelp deterioration due to the secretion of bacterial alginate lyase, while ultra-high-salinity and low-temperature storage can inhibit bacterial alginate lyase and promote the growth of halophilic archaea without alginate lyase, thus achieving the preservation of salted kelp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.)
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zhaozhi Hou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Xinyu Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Caizheng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Shujing Yang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (W.W.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.)
| | - Henglin Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (Z.H.); (X.H.); (Y.W.); (C.W.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-511-8878-0201
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16
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Hu C, Lu W, Mata A, Nishinari K, Fang Y. Ions-induced gelation of alginate: Mechanisms and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:578-588. [PMID: 33617905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is an important natural biopolymer and has been widely used in the food, biomedical, and chemical industries. Ca2+-induced gelation is one of the most important functional properties of alginate. The gelation mechanism is well-known as egg-box model, which has been intensively studied in the last five decades. Alginate also forms gels with many other monovalent, divalent or trivalent cations, and their gelation can possess different mechanisms from that of Ca2+-induced gelation. The resulted gels also exhibit different properties that lead to various applications. This study is proposed to summarize the gelation mechanisms of alginate induced by different cations, mainly including H+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, Sr2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Al3+, and Fe3+. The mechanism of H+-induced gelation of alginate mainly depends on the protonation of carboxyl groups. Divalent ions-induced gelation of alginate show different selection towards G, M, and GM blocks. Trivalent ions can bind to carboxyl groups of uronates with no selection. The properties and applications of these ionotropic alginate gels are also discussed. The knowledge gained in this study would provide useful information for the practical applications of alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhuan Hu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Analucia Mata
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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17
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Zhang K, Liu T, Liu W, Lyu Q. Structural insights into the substrate-binding cleft of AlyF reveal the first long-chain alginate-binding mode. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 77:336-346. [PMID: 33645537 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832100005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The products of alginate degradation, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), have potential applications in many areas, including functional foods and marine drugs. Enzyme-based approaches using alginate lyases have advantages in the preparation of well defined AOS and have attracted much attention in recent years. However, a lack of structural insight into the whole substrate-binding cleft for most known alginate lyases severely hampers their application in the industrial generation of well defined AOS. To solve this issue, AlyF was co-crystallized with the long alginate oligosaccharide G6 (L-hexaguluronic acid hexasodium salt), which is the longest bound substrate in all solved alginate lyase complex structures. AlyF formed interactions with G6 from subsites -3 to +3 without additional substrate-binding site interactions, suggesting that the substrate-binding cleft of AlyF was fully occupied by six sugars, which was further confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry analyses. More importantly, a combination of structural comparisons and mutagenetic analyses determined that three key loops (loop 1, Lys215-Glu236; loop 2, Gln402-Ile416; loop 3, Arg334-Gly348) mainly function in binding long substrates (degree of polymerization of >4). The potential flexibility of loop 1 and loop 2 might enable the substrate to continue to enter the cleft after binding to subsites +1 to +3; loop 3 stabilizes and orients the substrate at subsites -2 and -3. Taken together, these results provide the first possible alginate lyase-substrate binding profile for long-chain alginates, facilitating the rational design of new enzymes for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Lyu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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18
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Cheng D, Jiang C, Xu J, Liu Z, Mao X. Characteristics and applications of alginate lyases: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1304-1320. [PMID: 32745554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brown algae, as the main source of alginate, are a type of marine biomass with a very high output. Alginate, a polysaccharide composed of β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-guluronic acid (G), has great potential for applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Alginate lyases (Alys) can degrade alginate polymers into oligosaccharides or monosaccharides, resulting in a broad application field. Alys can be used for both the production of alginate oligosaccharides and the biorefinery of brown algae. In view of their important functions, an increasing number of Alys have been isolated and characterized. For better application, a comprehensive understanding of Alys is essential. Therefore, in this paper, we summarized recently discovered Alys, discussed their characteristics, and introduced their structural properties, degradation patterns and biological roles in alginate-degrading organisms. In addition, applications of Alys have been illustrated with examples. This paper provides a relatively comprehensive description of Alys, which is significant for Alys exploration and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chengcheng Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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