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Yu D, Wang W, Hou S, Chang M, Cheng Y, Meng J, Feng C, Xu L, Geng X, Wang S, Hou L. The effect of sequential extraction on the physicochemical and rheological properties of Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130777. [PMID: 38479671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
To overcome the difficulty of separation and low rate of extraction caused by highly viscous polysaccharides from Naematelia aurantialba (NA), four N. aurantialba polysaccharides (NAPs) were sequentially extracted using water (enzyme-/ultrasound-assisted extraction), alkali (0.1 mol/L NaOH), and acid (0.1 mol/L HCl), and named E-NAP, U-NAP, Al-NAP, and Ac-NAP. The properties of four NAPs were different. The yields of NAPs were 26.05 % (Ac-NAP) > 20.33 % (Al-NAP) > 17.99 % (U-NAP) > 12.77 % (E-NAP), respectively. The monosaccharide composition of NAPs was composed primarily of mannose, xylose, glucose, glucuronic acid, and galactose. Sequential extraction improved the purity and solubility of NAPs, but decreased the particle size, thermal stability, water retention, and crystallinity. Two polysaccharides, U-NAP and Al-NAP, had a triple helix structure. All the NAPs were pseudoplastic fluids with concentration/frequency-dependent entangled structure. Al-NAP with the highest viscosity exhibited an elastic gel, while Ac-NAP with the lowest viscosity was a viscous gel. The behavior of NAPs differed from that predicted using the Cox-Merz rule, and in particular, E-NAP and U-NAP more significantly deviated from the rule. In this study, four NAPs with different properties were extracted sequentially, which provided a theoretical basis for the down-stream processing with high added-value and utilization of NA and NAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Wuxia Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuting Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Junlong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Ludan Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
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Fei Z, Xie H, Xie D, Wang M, Du Q, Jin P. Structural characterization and high-efficiency prebiotic activity of the polysaccharide from Tremella aurantialba endophytic bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129347. [PMID: 38224808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the low-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharide (designated as TABP), with a weight-average Mw of 5408 Da, was produced by the endophytic bacterium Bacillus sp. TAB, which was initially isolated from the fruiting bodies of the wild Tremella aurantialba. A relatively high TABP accumulation was obtained and enhanced to 6.94 g/L in 5 L fed-batch fermentation by high-density cultivation. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that the TABP comprised arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, and mannose with a molar ratio of 0.073: 0.145: 0.406: 0.182: 0.195, respectively. Methylation and NMR analyses indicated that TABP contained 1,4-linked β-d-Galp and 1,4-linked β-d-Manp pyranosyl backbone, extensively substituted at the side chains to form a complex structure. Prebiotic potential analysis exhibited significant growth-promoting effects for various lactic acid bacteria by more than 90 %. Overall, this study initially provides valuable insights into the endophytic exopolysaccharides from T. aurantialba and their biological activity, which provides prospective sources of prebiotics for functional foods and aids in understanding the endophytes symbiosis mechanism in edible mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqi Fei
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Huiqin Xie
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Dongchao Xie
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Man Wang
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Qizhen Du
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Peng Jin
- The College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, China.
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Tang Y, Miao Y, Tan M, Ma Q, Liu C, Yang M, Su Y, Li Q. Ultrasound assisted wall-breaking extraction and primary structures, bioactivities, rheological properties of novel Exidia yadongensis polysaccharide. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106643. [PMID: 37922721 PMCID: PMC10641719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
New natural multifunctional polysaccharide and its innovatory extraction technology may be urgently needed for food industries. Our aims were to establish new extraction method and investigate the primary structures, bioactivities and rheological properties of novel E. yadongensis polysaccharide (EYP). Ultrasound assisted mechanical wall-breaking extraction (MAUE) was successfully established for the EYP extraction from a new E. yadongensis. Based on the MAUE with RSM, the polysaccharide yield of 17.92 ± 0.56 % with the optimal parameters of five extraction factors were obtained, and current MAUE was characterized by its high yield, low extraction temperature and short ultrasound time. After the isolation and purification, the EYP as a protein-bound polysaccharide was obtained. FT-IR and NMR analysis showed that the main backbone of the EYP comprised of (1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl and (1 → 6)-ɑ-D-mannopyranosyl groups; EYP exhibited significant antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, antidiabetic activities, and good viscoelastic properties in low pH solutions (P < 0.05). The EYP may be used as a natural functional and cohesive agent in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Yuzhi Miao
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China.
| | - Min Tan
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Qinqin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Chengyi Liu
- PanZhiHua City Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Panzhihua, Sichuan 617061, China
| | - Mei Yang
- PanZhiHua City Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Panzhihua, Sichuan 617061, China
| | - Yanqiu Su
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry Education of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China
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Sun L, Jiang J, Jing T, Hu D, Zhu J, Zeng Y, Pang Y, Huang D, Cheng S, Cao C. A polysaccharide NAP-3 from Naematelia aurantialba: Structural characterization and adjunctive hypoglycemic activity. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121124. [PMID: 37479455 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide (NAP-3) was isolated and purified from Naematelia aurantialba after water extraction. The structure of NAP-3, which was determined by FT-IR, HPLC, GC-MS, and NMR, indicated that NAP-3 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with the molecular weight of 428 kDa, mainly consisted of β-1, 3-D-Manp, β-1, 2, 3-D-Manp, β-D-Xylp, β-1, 4-D-Glcp, β-1, 4-D-Rhap in a molar ratio of 6.49: 1.11: 2.4: 0.13: 0.83. In vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assay showed that NAP-3 had a low IC50 value, which exhibited similar enzyme inhibitory activity as acarbose. NAP-3 was evaluated as an adjuvant with metformin for antidiabetic therapy in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice and insulin resistance HepG2 cells. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin in diabetic mice exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity, reducing body weight, serum insulin levels, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and increasing antioxidant levels compared to metformin alone. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin improved oxidative stress by increasing ROS clearance, thereby enhancing glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. This study provided new data for the study of Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides and offers a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tao Jing
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dejun Hu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yalun Pang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shujie Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chongjiang Cao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Zheng Z, Wu L, Li Y, Deng W, Chen S, Song H. Effects of Different Blanching Methods on the Quality of Tremella fuciformis and Its Moisture Migration Characteristics. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081669. [PMID: 37107464 PMCID: PMC10137464 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Blanching is a critical step in the processing of Tremella fuciformis (T. fuciformis). The effects of different blanching methods (boiling water blanching (BWB), ultrasonic-low temperature blanching (ULTB), and high-temperature steam (HTS)) on the quality and moisture migration characteristics of T. fuciformis were investigated. The results showed that the T. fuciformis blanched by ULTB (70 °C, 2 min, 40 kHz, 300 W) had the best quality, including a brighter appearance, superior texture, and good sensory features, with a polysaccharide content of 3.90 ± 0.02%. The moisture migration characteristics of T. fuciformis after blanching exhibited four peaks, displayed strong and weak chemically bound water, immobilized water, and free water, whereas ULTB had a weak effect on the freedom of water in T. fuciformis. The study will provide the foundation for the factory processing of T. fuciformis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Yibin Li
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products (Food) Processing Technology, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Wei Deng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shouhui Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic Fruits, Vegetables and Edible Fungi Processing (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Hongbo Song
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Yan Y, Wang M, Chen N, Wang X, Fu C, Li Y, Gan X, Lv P, Zhang Y. Isolation, structures, bioactivities, application and future prospective for polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1091210. [PMID: 36569950 PMCID: PMC9773546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, Tremella aurantialba has been proposed to have medicinal and food benefits. Modern phytochemistry and pharmacological studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides, the main components from T. aurantialba appear to be an all-round talent resisting a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and protecting against different types of tumors, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. These health and pharmacological benefits have gained much attention from scholars around the world. Further, more and more methods for polysaccharides extraction, purification, structure identification have been proposed. Significantly, the bioactivity of fungus polysaccharides is affected by many factors such as extraction and purification conditions and chemical structure. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the isolation, structural features and biological effects of polysaccharides derived from T. aurantialba, covers recent advances in the field and outlines future research and applications of these polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengtian Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenghao Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuemin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoruo Gan
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
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Wang B, Yan L, Guo S, Wen L, Yu M, Feng L, Jia X. Structural Elucidation, Modification, and Structure-Activity Relationship of Polysaccharides in Chinese Herbs: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:908175. [PMID: 35669078 PMCID: PMC9163837 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.908175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbal polysaccharides (CHPs) are natural polymers composed of monosaccharides, which are widely found in Chinese herbs and work as one of the important active ingredients. Its biological activity is attributed to its complex chemical structure with diverse spatial conformations. However, the structural elucidation is the foundation but a bottleneck problem because the majority of CHPs are heteropolysaccharides with more complex structures. Similarly, the studies on the relationship between structure and function of CHPs are even more scarce. Therefore, this review summarizes the structure-activity relationship of CHPs. Meanwhile, we reviewed the structural elucidation strategies and some new progress especially in the advanced structural analysis methods. The characteristics and applicable scopes of various methods are compared to provide reference for selecting the most efficient method and developing new hyphenated techniques. Additionally, the principle structural modification methods of CHPs and their effects on activity are summarized. The shortcomings, potential breakthroughs, and developing directions of the study of CHPs are discussed. We hope to provide a reference for further research and promote the application of CHPs.
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Effect of Marine Red Yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum on Diarrhea Rate, Serum Antioxidant Competence, Intestinal Immune Capacity, and Microflora Structure in Early-Weaned Lambs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2228632. [PMID: 35463976 PMCID: PMC9033340 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2228632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the influences of marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) on diarrhea rate, serum antioxidant capacity, intestinal immunity capacity, and microflora structure of early-weaned lamb were investigated in a 60-day feeding trial. A total of 96 early-weaned lambs were utilized in this study. The lambs were divided into four experimental groups based on the percentage of marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) as milk replacer supplement. The rates of milk replacer supplement for the four groups were 0, 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% of marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP), respectively. The study was continued for 30 days. The results showed that (1) compared with control group, 0.5% marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) supplementation caused significantly decreases in average fecal score and diarrhea frequency by 33.74% and 40.23% (P < 0.05). (2) No significant difference was found in all tested related antioxidant indexes in serum of four treatments (P > 0.05). (3) The concentrations of SIgA, IgG, and IL-10 of group IV was significantly increased by 17.78%, 18.27%, and 8.17%, but the IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased by 21.20% and 31.80%, compared to group I in the colon (P < 0.05). (4) The number of Bifidobacterial and Lactobacilli of group IV was significantly increased by 14.87% and 15.09%, but Escherichia coli and Salmonella were significantly decreased by 20.19% and 10.15%, compared to group I in the colon (P < 0.05). (5) A portion of marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) survived in the intestine of early-weaned lamb, and the number of survival marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) increased as the addition of marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) increased from 0.1 to 0.5% in milk replacer. Therefore, marine red yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum (MRYP) has a potential to be a replacer of antibiotics for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in early-weaned lambs.
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Nutritional Function and Flavor Evaluation of a New Soybean Beverage Based on Naematelia aurantialba Fermentation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030272. [PMID: 35159425 PMCID: PMC8834624 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The soy beverage is a healthy product rich in plant protein; however, its unpleasant flavor affects consumer acceptance. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of using Naematelia aurantialba as a strain for the preparation of fermented soybean beverages (FSB). Increases in Zeta potential, particle size, and viscosity make soy beverages more stable. We found that nutrient composition was increased by fermenting N. aurantialba, and the antioxidant activity of soybean beverages significantly increased after 5 days of fermentation. By reducing the content of beany substances such as hexanal and increasing the content of 1-octen-3-ol, the aroma of soybean beverages fermented by N. aurantialba changed from “beany, green, and fatty” to “mushroom and aromatic”. The resulting FSB had reduced bitterness but considerably increased sourness while maintaining the fresh and sweet taste of unfermented soybean beverages (UFSB). This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the market promotion of FSB but also provides a reference for basidiomycetes-fermented beverages.
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Whole Genome Sequencing and Annotation of Naematelia aurantialba (Basidiomycota, Edible-Medicinal Fungi). J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 8:jof8010006. [PMID: 35049946 PMCID: PMC8777972 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Naematelia aurantialba is a rare edible fungus with both nutritional and medicinal values and especially rich in bioactive polysaccharides. However, due to the lack of genomic information, researches on the mining of active compounds, artificial breeding and cultivation, genetics, and molecular biology are limited. To facilitate the medicinal and food applications of N. aurantialba, we sequenced and analyzed the whole genome of N. aurantialba for the first time. The 21-Mb genome contained 15 contigs, and a total of 5860 protein-coding genes were predicted. The genome sequence shows that 296 genes are related to polysaccharide synthesis, including 15 genes related to nucleoside-activated sugar synthesis and 11 genes related to glucan synthesis. The genome also contains genes and gene clusters for the synthesis of other active substances, including terpenoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive proteins. In addition, it was also found that N. aurantialba was more closely related to Naematelia encephala than to Tremella fuciformis. In short, this study provides a reference for molecular cognition of N. aurantialba and related researches.
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Zou G, Ren J, Wu D, Zhang H, Gong M, Li W, Zhang J, Yang Y. Characterization and Heterologous Expression of UDP-Glucose 4-Epimerase From a Hericium erinaceus Mutant with High Polysaccharide Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:796278. [PMID: 34900974 PMCID: PMC8655778 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.796278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus is an important medicinal fungus in traditional Chinese medicine because of its polysaccharides and other natural products. Compared terpenoids and polyketides, the analysis of synthetic pathway of polysaccharides is more difficult because of the many genes involved in central metabolism. In previous studies, A6180, encoding a putative UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (UGE) in an H. erinaceus mutant with high production of active polysaccharides, was significantly upregulated. Since there is no reliable genetic manipulation technology for H. erinaceus, we employed Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the function and activity of A6180. The recombinant overexpression vector pET22b-A6180 was constructed for heterologous expression in E. coli. The enzymatic properties of the recombinant protein were investigated. It showed that the recombinant A6180 could strongly convert UDP-α-D-glucose into UDP-α-D-galactose under optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 30°C). In addition, when A6180 was introduced into S. cerevisiae BY4742, xylose was detected in the polysaccharide composition of the yeast transformant. This suggested that the protein coded by A6180 might be a multifunctional enzyme. The generated polysaccharides with a new composition of sugars showed enhanced macrophage activity in vitro. These results indicate that A6180 plays an important role in the structure and activity of polysaccharides. It is a promising strategy for producing polysaccharides with higher activity by introducing A6180 into polysaccharide-producing mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanbao Ren
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Henan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Gong
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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12
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Healthy function and high valued utilization of edible fungi. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Yeast exopolysaccharides and their physiological functions. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021; 66:171-182. [PMID: 33604744 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicated the capability of various microorganisms in biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPSs). A wide range of evidence extensively investigated the ability of bacterial species for EPS synthesis and their favorable effects, so little is known regarding yeast species. Many factors like composition of growth media and fermentation conditions are related to the structural and physical properties of EPSs. The EPS protects the producer yeast strain against extreme environment. Researchers proposed that yeast EPSs have priority over bacterial EPSs because of high yields of EPS biosynthesis and easy separation methods from growth media. Besides, they have drawn increasing attention due to their interesting biological activities, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics applications. Although a limited number of studies exist, this review aims to highlight the EPS structure and various applications of known yeast species in detail.
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Liu E, Ji Y, Zhang F, Liu B, Meng X. Review on Auricularia auricula-judae as a Functional Food: Growth, Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1739-1750. [PMID: 33543932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the application of Auricularia auricula-judae (AAJ) for health purposes has a long tradition in Asia, there is a lack of research on the functional nutrition of AAJ; the current research focused on polysaccharides has been too unitary compared to other mushrooms in recent years. Identification, extraction, and large-scale production of biologically active substances have emerged as critical determinants that determine AAJ becoming a functional food. AAJ is being treated in a restrained manner, despite having significant potential as a drug or a source of pure bioactive substances. Functional ingredients of mushrooms and AAJ have emerged as a new impetus for researchers interested in developing functional foods. This review presents an overview of current studies relevant to nutrition and the application of AAJ. The physiological conditions of AAJ and the corresponding functional ingredients beneficial to human health are reviewed to better understand the function and mechanisms of different nutrient contents. Relevant methods for evaluating the efficiency of extraction are also summarized. Finally, current limitations and the future scope for functional ingredients of AAJ are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enchao Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cheng J, Song J, Liu Y, Lu N, Wang Y, Hu C, He L, Wei H, Lv G, Yang S, Zhang Z. Conformational properties and biological activities of α-D-mannan from Sanghuangporus sanghuang in liquid culture. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3568-3579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Sun T, Wang R, Sun D, Li S, Xu H, Qiu Y, Lei P, Sun L, Xu X, Zhu Y. High-efficiency production of Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide through basidiospore fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124268. [PMID: 33099097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a spore fermentation method instead of fruiting body extraction for the production of Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide (TAPS). The purified spore strain Tremella aurantialba NX-20 was isolated for TAPS fermentation. The fermented TAPS and the extracted TAPS had the same monosaccharide composition but higher molecular weight. The conditions for TAPS fermentation by NX-20 were optimized, which were 25 °C, pH 7, 10% initial inoculum and 5 days. To further reduce the processing steps and costs of the medium, tofu wastewater (TW) was used to replace defatted soybean meal (DSM). In a 7.5 L fermentation tank, 40 g/L glucose with 10-fold diluted TW was used as the medium. For TAPS fermentation, a maximum yield of 15.02 ± 0.40 g/L was achieved. In conclusion, this study provides a feasible strategy for the efficient preparation of TAPS through spore fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dafeng Sun
- Kunming Edible Fungi Institute of All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yibin Qiu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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17
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Li M, Ma F, Li R, Ren G, Yan D, Zhang H, Zhu X, Wu R, Wu J. Degradation of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide by a combined ultrasound and hydrogen peroxide treatment: Process parameters, structural characteristics, and antioxidant activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:979-990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Zhu J, Yu C, Han Z, Chen Z, Wei X, Wang Y. Comparative analysis of existence form for selenium and structural characteristics in artificial selenium-enriched and synthetic selenized green tea polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1408-1418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Immunoenhancing glucuronoxylomannan from Tremella aurantialba Bandoni et Zang and its low-molecular-weight fractions by radical depolymerization: Properties, structures and effects on macrophages. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Production, structure, and bioactivity of polysaccharide isolated from Tremella fuciformis XY. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:173-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Zhang X, Zhang N, Kan J, Sun R, Tang S, Wang Z, Chen M, Liu J, Jin C. Anti-inflammatory activity of alkali-soluble polysaccharides from Arctium lappa L. and its effect on gut microbiota of mice with inflammation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:773-787. [PMID: 32199919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an alkali-soluble polysaccharide (ASALP) from Arctium lappa L. were extracted and purified. Our results indicated that ASALP was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 1.2 × 105 Da composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.2: 4.4: 0.9: 0.9: 2.6. The structure characterization indicated that ASALP was mainly consisted of →5-α-L-Araf-(1 → backbone and α-Araf-(1→,→2)-α-Rhap-(1 → T-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → 4)-α-GalpA-(1 → branches. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that ASALP could effectively alleviate inflammation by improving the dysregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Specifically, ASALP significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages and in the serum of inflammatory mice, but increased the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10. The results from 16S rRNA (V3-V4) amplicon sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alistipes, Odoribacter and Lactobacillus in mice was significantly increased after ASALP treatment. Lower levels of Proteobacteria, Staphylococcus and Bacteroidetes were detected in LPS + ASALP treatment group. ASALP alleviated inflammation by improving the reduction of microbial diversity and affecting the composition of the gut microbiota. Our study could provide the basis for the subsequent research and application of ASALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Nianfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Sixue Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
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22
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Mutaillifu P, Bobakulov K, Abuduwaili A, Huojiaaihemaiti H, Nuerxiati R, Aisa HA, Yili A. Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of a water soluble polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 144:751-759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Hei Z, Zhao M, Tian Y, Chang H, Shen X, Xia G, Wang J. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Sialoglycopeptide Promoting Osteogenesis from Gadus morhua Eggs. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010156. [PMID: 31906039 PMCID: PMC6983019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gadus morhua eggs contain several nutrients, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, lecithin and glycoproteins. A novel sialoglycopeptide from the eggs of G. morhua (Gm-SGPP) was extracted with 90% phenol and purified by Q Sepharose Fast Flow (QFF) ion exchange chromatography, followed by S-300 gel filtration chromatography. Gm-SGPP contained 63.7% carbohydrate, 16.2% protein and 18.6% N-acetylneuraminic acid. High-performance size exclusion chromatography and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) demonstrated that Gm-SGPP is a 7000-Da pure sialoglycopeptide. β-elimination reaction suggested that Gm-SGPP contained N-glycan units. Amino acid N-terminal sequence analysis indicated the presence of Ala-Ser-Asn-Gly-Thr-Gln-Ala-Pro amino acid sequence. Moreover, N-glycan was connected at the third Asn location of the peptide chain through GlcNAc. Gm-SGPP was composed of D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid and D-galactose. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and methylation analysis were performed to reveal the structure profile of Gm-SGPP. In vitro results showed that the proliferation activity of MC3T3-E1 cells was significantly promoted by Gm-SGPP. In vivo data revealed that Gm-SGPP increased the calcium and phosphorus content of tibias and promoted longitudinal bone growth in adolescent rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Hei
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Meihui Zhao
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Hainan Institute for Food Control, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xuanri Shen
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-0898-6619-6803 (G.X.); +86-0532-8203-1948 (J.W.); Fax: +86-0532-8203-2468 (G.X.); +86-0898-6619-6803 (J.W.)
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (J.W.); Tel.: +86-0898-6619-6803 (G.X.); +86-0532-8203-1948 (J.W.); Fax: +86-0532-8203-2468 (G.X.); +86-0898-6619-6803 (J.W.)
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24
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Ren Y, Bai Y, Zhang Z, Cai W, Del Rio Flores A. The Preparation and Structure Analysis Methods of Natural Polysaccharides of Plants and Fungi: A Review of Recent Development. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173122. [PMID: 31466265 PMCID: PMC6749352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are ubiquitous biomolecules found in nature that contain various biological and pharmacological activities that are employed in functional foods and therapeutic agents. Natural polysaccharides are obtained mainly by extraction and purification, which may serve as reliable procedures to enhance the quality and the yield of polysaccharide products. Moreover, structural analysis of polysaccharides proves to be promising and crucial for elucidating structure–activity relationships. Therefore, this report summarizes the recent developments and applications in extraction, separation, purification, and structural analysis of polysaccharides of plants and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China.
| | - Yueping Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Wenlong Cai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Antonio Del Rio Flores
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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25
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A review on nuclear overhauser enhancement (NOE) and rotating-frame overhauser effect (ROE) NMR techniques in food science: Basic principles and applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Yan J, Zhu L, Qu Y, Qu X, Mu M, Zhang M, Muneer G, Zhou Y, Sun L. Analyses of active antioxidant polysaccharides from four edible mushrooms. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:945-956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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27
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Endogenous calcium attenuates the immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from Lycium barbarum L. leaves by altering the global molecular conformation. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:182-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Zhao H, Lai Q, Zhang J, Huang C, Jia L. Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Effects of Acidic-Extractable Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris on Type 2 Diabetes Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9150807. [PMID: 30595798 PMCID: PMC6286747 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9150807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present work was performed to evaluate the effect of acidic-extractable polysaccharides (AE-PS) from fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its structural characteristics. The T2DM mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) were administered with 100 and 400 mg/kg AE-PS for 4 weeks. Our work proved that AE-PS decreased the levels of serum lipid, lipid peroxidation, and blood glucose; improved glucose and insulin resistance; enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities; and attenuated the injuries of the liver, kidney, and pancreas in T2DM mice. These results might offer references for the exploitation of AE-PS as functional foods or natural drug source for preventing and treating HFD- and STZ-induced T2DM. Moreover, gas chromatography (GC) results revealed that AE-PS was heterogeneous and composed of fucose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and glucose with mass percentages of 1.23%, 0.57%, 0.29%, 2.12%, 2.73%, 4.66%, and 88.4%, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicated that AE-PS was a pyran-type polysaccharide with α- and β-configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Wastes Matrix Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan 250100, China
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Qiangqiang Lai
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Chunyan Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Wastes Matrix Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
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29
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Trigui I, Yaich H, Sila A, Cheikh-Rouhou S, Bougatef A, Blecker C, Attia H, Ayadi MA. Physicochemical properties of water-soluble polysaccharides from black cumin seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:937-946. [PMID: 29864536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from black cumin seeds. Polysaccharides were characterized by their carbohydrate composition, molecular weight, thermal stability and by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface, the functional and the antioxidant properties of black cumin water-soluble polysaccharides (BCWSP) were also investigated. BCWSP consisted mainly of galacturonic acid (30.20%), glucuronic acid (17.66%) and neutral sugar (22.99%). BCWSP was composed of high peak molecular weight. The FTIR spectrum obtained for BCWSP showed two most important absorptions, at 1659 and 1085 cm-1, which corresponded to COO- of uronic acids and pyranose form, respectively. NMR spectroscopy data suggested that the BCWSP is probably a rhamnogalacturonan backbone with galactan and arabinan side chains. X-ray pattern revealed the semi-crystalline behavior of BCWSP. WHC and OHC of BCWSP were relatively high and varied with temperatures. The polysaccharide zeta potential was greatly affected by pH. Results indicated that the decrease of surface tension has influenced foaming and emulsifying capacities. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the BCWSP was 63.25% at 1 mg/mL. The BCWSP displayed moderate reductive, β carotene bleaching and chelating abilities. Overall, our results suggested that BCWSP could be used as alternative additives in food and non-food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Trigui
- Laboratoire de Valorisation, Analyses et Sécurité des Aliments, Université de Sfax, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Héla Yaich
- Laboratoire de Valorisation, Analyses et Sécurité des Aliments, Université de Sfax, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Assaâd Sila
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et Valorisation des Agroressources, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Salma Cheikh-Rouhou
- Laboratoire de Valorisation, Analyses et Sécurité des Aliments, Université de Sfax, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ali Bougatef
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et Valorisation des Agroressources, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Christophe Blecker
- Unité de Science des Aliments et Formulation, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hamadi Attia
- Laboratoire de Valorisation, Analyses et Sécurité des Aliments, Université de Sfax, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M A Ayadi
- Laboratoire de Valorisation, Analyses et Sécurité des Aliments, Université de Sfax, École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Route de Soukra, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Sims IM, Carnachan SM, Bell TJ, Hinkley SF. Methylation analysis of polysaccharides: Technical advice. Carbohydr Polym 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Injury Rehabilitation of Chemically Modified Polysaccharide (TAPA1) from Tremella aurantialba. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Zhou Y, Chen X, Yi R, Li G, Sun P, Qian Y, Zhao X. Immunomodulatory Effect of Tremella Polysaccharides against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mice. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020239. [PMID: 29370108 PMCID: PMC6017040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are closely associated with immune regulation, but there are different polysaccharide effects from different sources. In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of tremella polysaccharides (TP) in cyclophosphamide-induced immunodeficient mice. We observed the thymus and spleen index, liver and spleen pathological changes, and the levels of IL-2, IL-12, INF-γ, TGF-β and Ig G in serum, and we also noted the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-12 and TGF-β in liver and spleen. Besides, we also measured the best effects of different doses of TP (Low-TP was 20 mg/kg·BW, Middle-TP was 40 mg/kg·BW, and High-TP was 80 mg/kg·BW) on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. The results were remarkable, and suggested that TP had a significant effect for enhancing immunity in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, and the immune enhancement of High-TP had the best results in TP-treated mice. It could significantly increase the thymus and spleen index, alleviate pathological features of immunosuppression such as the arrangement of liver sinusoid and hepatic plates was disordered, massive inflammatory cells infiltrated and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes in liver, and red pulp and white pulp were intermixed, splenic corpuscles demolished and disappeared, splenic sinusoid extended, and lymphocytes of spleen were reduced in spleen. Besides, it could also up-regulate serum levels of IL-2, IL-12, INF-γ and Ig G, reduce the level of TGF-β in serum, markedly promote mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-12 in liver and spleen, and suppress mRNA expression of TGF-β. Above all, TP showed preventive effect for cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Chen
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Ruokun Yi
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Guijie Li
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China.
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Xu P, Yuan R, Hou G, Li J, Ye M. Structural Characterization and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of a Novel Exopolysaccharide from Lachnum YM130. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:541-554. [PMID: 29218650 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2668-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide of Lachnum YM130 (LEP) was purified by diethylaminoethyl cellulose 52 and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. LEP-2a was identified to be a homogeneous component with an average molecular weight of 1.31 × 106 Da, which was consisted of mannose and galactose in a molar ratio of 3.8:1.0. The structure of LEP-2a was characterized by methylation analysis, FT-IR analysis, and NMR analysis. Results indicated that LEP-2a was a galactomannan with a backbone, composed of 1,2-linked-α-D-Manp, 1,2,6-linked-α-D-Manp, 1,3,4-linked-α-D-Manp, and 1,3-linked-β-D-Galp, which was substituted at O-2, O-3, O-4, and O-6 by branches. In vitro antitumor activity assay proved that LEP-2a could significantly enhance the inhibitory effectiveness of 5-FU on Hela cells at the concentrations of 100, 200, 300, and 400 μg/mL. The above results suggested that LEP-2a could be seen as a potential source for developing novel antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Microbial Resources and Application Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ruyue Yuan
- Microbial Resources and Application Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Microbial Resources and Application Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jinglei Li
- Microbial Resources and Application Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ming Ye
- Microbial Resources and Application Laboratory, School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Immunoenhancement of Edible Fungal Polysaccharides (Lentinan, Tremellan, and Pachymaran) on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression in Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9459156. [PMID: 29358974 PMCID: PMC5735705 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9459156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fungal polysaccharides display a variety of important biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immune-stimulating activities. The aim of present study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of fungal polysaccharides on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice. Mice were pretreated orally with lentinan, tremellan, pachymaran, or a mixture of the three, respectively. The results showed that pretreatments with polysaccharides significantly increased the thymus index in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression mice. The level of the cytokine IL-10 in sera of cyclophosphamide-induced mice was decreased after pretreatments of polysaccharides. Flow cytometry results showed that pretreatments with polysaccharides enhanced the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages in mice. The increased levels of serum antibody IgG and IgM were observed in the groups pretreated with polysaccharides. Our work demonstrated that the treatment of polysaccharides elicited strong immune activity and a protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression.
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Zhang Y, Zhou X, Ji L, Du X, Sang Q, Chen F. Enzymatic single-step preparation and antioxidant activity of hetero-chitooligosaccharides using non-pretreated housefly larvae powder. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 172:113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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36
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Zhang Q, Hu M, Xu L, Yang X, Chang Y, Zhu Y. Effect of edible fungal polysaccharides on improving influenza vaccine protection in mice. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2017.1323326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghua Hu
- Joint Laboratory for the Research of Chinese Herbal Polysaccharides-Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Infinitus, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yung Chang
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Chen T, Xu P, Zong S, Wang Y, Su N, Ye M. Purification, structural features, antioxidant and moisture-preserving activities of an exopolysaccharide from Lachnum YM262. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1225-1232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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A Novel Polysaccharide Conjugate from Bullacta exarata Induces G1-Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030384. [PMID: 28257055 PMCID: PMC6155380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullacta exarata has been consumed in Asia, not only as a part of the normal diet, but also as a traditional Chinese medicine with liver- and kidney-benefitting functions. Several scientific investigations involving extraction of biomolecules from this mollusk and pharmacological studies on their biological activities have been carried out. However, little is known regarding the antitumor properties of polysaccharides from B. exarata, hence the polysaccharides from B. exarata have been investigated here. One polysaccharide conjugate BEPS-IA was isolated and purified from B. exarata. It mainly consisted of mannose and glucose in a molar ratio of 1:2, with an average molecular weight of 127 kDa. Thirteen general amino acids were identified to be components of the protein-bound polysaccharide. Methylation and NMR studies revealed that BEPS-IA is a heteropolysaccharide consisting of 1,4-linked-α-d-Glc, 1,6-linked-α-d-Man, 1,3,6-linked-α-d-Man, and 1-linked-α-d-Man residue, in a molar ratio of 6:1:1:1. In order to test the antitumor activity of BEPS-IA, we investigated its effect against the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 in vitro. The result showed that BEPS-IA dose-dependently exhibited an effective HepG2 cells growth inhibition with an IC50 of 112.4 μg/mL. Flow cytometry analysis showed that BEPS-IA increased the populations of both apoptotic sub-G1 and G1 phase. The result obtained from TUNEL assay corroborated apoptosis which was shown in flow cytometry. Western blot analysis suggested that BEPS-IA induced apoptosis and growth inhibition were associated with up-regulation of p53, p21 and Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2. These findings suggest that BEPS-IA may serve as a potential novel dietary agent for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Characterization of Polysaccharides with Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities from the Edible Mushroom Oudemansiella radicata. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020234. [PMID: 28165422 PMCID: PMC6155583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The preliminary structure, in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective activities of water-soluble polysaccharides (ORWP) and alkali-soluble polysaccharides (ORAP), prepared from the mushroom Oudemansiella radicata, were investigated. Both ORWP and ORAP were heteropolysaccharides with mannose, glucose and galactose being the main monosaccharide components. Regarding the antioxidant activities, ORWP and ORAP showed effective 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects, as well as moderate reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity. For the hepatoprotective activity, administration of ORWP and ORAP prevented the increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in a carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage model, suppressed hepatic malondialdehyde formation and stimulated the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Thus, we speculate that ORWP and ORAP may protect the liver from CCl₄-induced hepatic damage via antioxidant mechanisms.
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Chen Y, Li XH, Zhou LY, Li W, Liu L, Wang DD, Zhang WN, Hussain S, Tian XH, Lu YM. Structural elucidation of three antioxidative polysaccharides from Tricholoma lobayense. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:484-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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41
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Deng C, Sun Y, Fu H, Zhang S, Chen J, Xu X. Antioxidant and immunostimulatory activities of polysaccharides extracted from Tremella aurantialba mycelia. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4857-4864. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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42
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Purification, structural features and inhibition activity on α-glucosidase of a novel polysaccharide from Lachnum YM406. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Xu Y, Liu G, Yu Z, Song X, Li X, Yang Y, Wang L, Liu L, Dai J. Purification, characterization and antiglycation activity of a novel polysaccharide from black currant. Food Chem 2016; 199:694-701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Characterization of a novel purified polysaccharide from the flesh of Cipangopaludina chinensis. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:875-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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He PF, Zhang AQ, Wang XL, Qu L, Li GL, Li YP, Sun PL. Structure elucidation and antioxidant activity of a novel polysaccharide from Polyporus umbellatus sclerotia. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 82:411-7. [PMID: 26476244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble polysaccharide PUP60S2, with a molecular weight of 1.44×10(4)Da, was obtained from the sclerotia of Polyporus umbellatus by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. PUP60S2 was a polysaccharide comprised of about 22.3% glucuronic acid. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that PUP60S2 was only comprised of glucose and glucuronic acid. Reduction of carboxyl groups, sugar analysis, methylation analysis, together with one and two dimension NMR spectra disclosed that the backbone of PUP60S2 consisted of (1→6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl, every second of which was substituted at O-3 by side chains consisting of terminal β-d-Glcp, (1→3)-β-d-Glcp, (1→3)-β-d-GlcpA, (1→4)-β-d-Glcp and (1→4)-β-d-GlcpA units. The antioxidant activity assay in vitro showed that PUP60S2 exerted a significant scavenging effect on DPPH, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei He
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - An-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xing-Li Wang
- Hangzhou Baishanzu Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Liang Qu
- Hangzhou Baishanzu Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Guang-Lin Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yan-Ping Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Pei-Long Sun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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46
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Purification and characterization of a novel glycoprotein from Streptomyces sp. ZX01. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:195-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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