1
|
Shi N, Pei XX, Li MY, Chen WT, Li HQ, Yang GS, Duan CQ, Wang J. Metabolomics of Vitis davidii Foëx. grapes from southern China: Flavonoids and volatiles reveal the flavor profiles of five spine grape varieties. Food Chem 2024; 454:139732. [PMID: 38815327 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foëx.) are wild grape species that grow in southern China, and can be used for table grapes, juicing and winemaking. To systematically investigate the flavor profiles of spine grapes, flavonoids and volatile compounds were detected in five spine grape varieties (Seputao, Ziqiu, Miputao, Tianputao and Baiputao) using HPLC-QqQ-MS/MS and GC-MS. The content of flavonoids highly depended on the variety, such as the total concentrations of anthocyanins (91.43-328.85 mg/kg FW) and flavonols (33.90 to 83.16 mg/kg FW). The volatile compounds with higher odor active value were selected to describe the aroma of spine grapes. Hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal and (E, Z)-2,6-nonadienal contributed to the higher herbaceous flavor to Baiputao and Ziqiu. β-Damascenone and (E)-2-nonenal gave Baiputao a flavor with more floral, fruity and earthy. Their characteristic flavor compounds were subsequently revealed using multivariate statistical analysis. The results helped producers to further develop and utilize the spine grapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Shi
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Pei
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming-Yu Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wen-Ting Chen
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hui-Qing Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guo-Shun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shen G, Li Z, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Huang X, Lv X. Room-Temperature Cascade Electrophilic Addition/Cyclization/Oxidation Reactions: Divergent Selective Synthesis of Brominated 2H-Chromenes, 2H-Chromen-2-ols and 2H-Chromen-2-ones. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401011. [PMID: 38757219 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The room temperature metal-free cascade electrophilic addition/cyclization/oxidation reactions of (3-phenoxyprop-1-yn-1-yl)benzenes to divergently synthesize various brominated benzopyran derivatives (3-bromo-2H-chromenes, 3-bromo-2H-chromen-2-ols and 3-bromo coumarins) by tuning the amount of Br2 and H2O have been developed. The method exhibited high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, high efficiency, and the applicability for derivatization of the brominated products. The importance of the strategies provides a great advantage for selective synthesis of brominated benzopyran derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xianqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 1 Hunan Avenue, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lv
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Godyla-Jabłoński M, Raczkowska E, Jodkowska A, Kucharska AZ, Sozański T, Bronkowska M. Effects of Anthocyanins on Components of Metabolic Syndrome-A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1103. [PMID: 38674794 PMCID: PMC11054851 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant health problem. The co-occurrence of obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidaemia is estimated to affect 20-30% of adults worldwide. Researchers are seeking solutions to prevent and treat the conditions related to MetS. Preventive medicine, which focuses on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, including diet, plays a special role. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has documented health benefits, mainly due to the polyphenolic compounds it contains. Anthocyanins represent a major group of polyphenols; they exhibit anti-atherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, as well as beneficial effects on endothelial function and oxidative stress. This review presents recent reports on the mechanisms involved in the protective effects of anthocyanins on the body, especially among people with MetS. It includes epidemiological data, in vivo and in vitro preclinical studies and clinical observational studies. Anthocyanins are effective, widely available compounds that can be used in both the prevention and treatment of MetS and its complications. Increased consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods may contribute to the maintenance of normal body weight and modulation of the lipid profile in adults. However, further investigation is needed to confirm the beneficial effects of anthocyanins on serum glucose levels, improvement in insulin sensitivity and reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Godyla-Jabłoński
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Ewa Raczkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Jodkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Alicja Zofia Kucharska
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Sozański
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Monika Bronkowska
- Institute of Health Sciences—Collegium Salutis Humanae, University of Opole, Katowicka 68, 45-060 Opole, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jia R, Hou Y, Feng W, Nomingerel M, Li B, Zhu J. Multi-Omics Analysis to Understand the Effects of Dietary Proanthocyanidins on Antioxidant Capacity, Muscle Nutrients, Lipid Metabolism, and Intestinal Microbiota in Cyprinus carpio. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2095. [PMID: 38136215 PMCID: PMC10740959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (Pros), a natural polyphenolic compound found in grape seed and other plants, have received significant attention as additives in animal feed. However, the specific mechanism by which Pros affect fish health remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of dietary Pro on common carp by evaluating biochemical parameters and multi-omics analysis. The results showed that Pro supplementation improved antioxidant capacity and the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 and n-6) and several bioactive compounds. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that dietary Pro caused an upregulation of the sphingolipid catabolic process and the lysosome pathway, while simultaneously downregulating intestinal cholesterol absorption and the PPAR signaling pathway in the intestines. Compared to the normal control (NC) group, the Pro group exhibited higher diversity in intestinal microbiota and an increased relative abundance of Cetobacterium and Pirellula. Furthermore, the Pro group had a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and a decreased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Collectively, dietary Pro improved antioxidant ability, muscle nutrients, and the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota. The regulation of lipid metabolism and improvement in muscle nutrients were linked with changes in the intestinal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (W.F.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (W.F.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
| | - Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (W.F.)
| | | | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (W.F.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (R.J.); (Y.H.); (W.F.)
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Athanasiadis V, Chatzimitakos T, Kotsou K, Kalompatsios D, Bozinou E, Lalas SI. Polyphenol Extraction from Food (by) Products by Pulsed Electric Field: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15914. [PMID: 37958898 PMCID: PMC10650265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, more and more researchers engage in studies regarding the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural sources. To this end, plenty of studies have been published on this topic, with the interest in the field growing exponentially. One major aim of such studies is to maximize the extraction yield and, simultaneously, to use procedures that adhere to the principles of green chemistry, as much as possible. It was not until recently that pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has been put to good use to achieve this goal. This new technique exhibits many advantages, compared to other techniques, and they have successfully been reaped for the production of extracts with enhanced concentrations in bioactive compounds. In this advancing field of research, a good understanding of the existing literature is mandatory to develop more advanced concepts in the future. The aim of this review is to provide a thorough discussion of the most important applications of PEF for the enhancement of polyphenols extraction from fresh food products and by-products, as well as to discuss the current limitations and the prospects of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodoros Chatzimitakos
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (V.A.); (K.K.); (D.K.); (E.B.); (S.I.L.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parmenter BH, Pokharel P, Dalgaard F, Murray K, Cassidy A, Bondonno CP, Lewis JR, Kyrø C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Hodgson JM, Bondonno NP. Higher Habitual Dietary Intakes of Flavanols and Anthocyanins Differentially Associate with Lower Incidence of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes-A Follow-Up Analysis. J Nutr 2023; 153:3280-3286. [PMID: 37716608 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that habitual consumption of dietary flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanins is associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke. However, no studies have investigated their relationship with ischemic stroke subtypes. OBJECTIVES In this follow-up analysis, we aimed to examine the association of flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanin intake with ischemic stroke subtypes, including the following: 1) large-artery atherosclerosis, 2) cardioembolism, 3) small-vessel occlusion, 4) other determined etiology, and 5) undetermined etiology. METHODS Participants (n = 55,094) from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study were followed up for <16 y for first-time ischemic stroke events, which were classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Intakes of flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanins were calculated from food frequency questionnaires using the Phenol-Explorer database, and their relationships with ischemic stroke subtypes were investigated using restricted cubic splines within Cox proportional hazards models. After multivariable adjustment, higher habitual intakes (quintile 5 compared with quintile 1) of flavanol oligomers + polymers and anthocyanins were associated with a lower risk of specific ischemic stroke subtypes, including large-artery atherosclerosis [flavanol oligomers + polymers, hazard ratio {HR} (95% confidence interval {CI}): 0.64 (0.47, 0.87)], cardioembolism [anthocyanins, HR (95% CI): 0.45 (0.25, 0.82)], and small-vessel occlusion [flavanol oligomers + polymers, HR (95% CI): 0.65 (0.54, 0.80); anthocyanins, HR (95% CI): 0.79 (0.64, 0.97)], but not stroke of other determined or undetermined etiology. CONCLUSIONS Higher habitual intakes of flavanols and anthocyanins are differentially associated with a lower risk of ischemic stroke from atherosclerosis and/or cardioembolism but not with other subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Parmenter
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia; Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Pratik Pokharel
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frederik Dalgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medicine, Nykøbing Falster Sygehus, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Centre for Kidney Research, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia; The Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Hu T, Wang Y, Wang W, Hu H, Wei Q, Yan Y, Bao C. Metabolic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Different Metabolite Biosynthesis Profiles between Purple and Green Pak Choi. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13781. [PMID: 37762090 PMCID: PMC10530969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pak choi is one of the most important leafy vegetables planted in East Asia and provides essential nutrients for the human body. Purple pak choi differs mainly in leaf colour but exhibits distinct nutritional profiles from green pak choi. In this study, we performed metabolic and transcriptomic analyses to uncover the mechanisms underlying the differences in metabolite biosynthesis profiles between the two pak choi varieties. Metabolite profiling revealed significant differences in the levels of metabolites, mainly amino acids and their derivatives and flavonoids. Furthermore, 34 flavonoids significantly differed between green and purple pak choi leaves, and cyanidin and its derivative anthocyanins were abundant in purple pak choi. In addition, we found that the structural genes CHS, DFR, ANS, and UGT75C1, as well as the transcription factor MYB2, play a major role in anthocyanin synthesis. These results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf pigmentation in pak choi and offer a platform for assessing related varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Wang
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Tianhua Hu
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Wuhong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Haijiao Hu
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qingzhen Wei
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yaqin Yan
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chonglai Bao
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pasdaran A, Zare M, Hamedi A, Hamedi A. A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Colorants, Dyes, and Pigments: Challenges, and Opportunities for Food, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Application. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300561. [PMID: 37471105 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural pigments are important sources for the screening of bioactive lead compounds. This article reviewed the chemistry and therapeutic potentials of over 570 colored molecules from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, algae, and marine sources. Moreover, related biological activities, advanced extraction, and identification approaches were reviewed. A variety of biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-microbial, antiviral, and anti-protozoal activities, have been reported for different pigments. Considering their structural backbone, they were classified as naphthoquinones, carotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthocyanins, benzotropolones, alkaloids, terpenoids, isoprenoids, and non-isoprenoids. Alkaloid pigments were mostly isolated from bacteria and marine sources, while flavonoids were mostly found in plants and mushrooms. Colored quinones and xanthones were mostly extracted from plants and fungi, while colored polyketides and terpenoids are often found in marine sources and fungi. Carotenoids are mostly distributed among bacteria, followed by fungi and plants. The pigments isolated from insects have different structures, but among them, carotenoids and quinone/xanthone are the most important. Considering good manufacturing practices, the current permitted natural colorants are: Carotenoids (canthaxanthin, β-carotene, β-apo-8'-carotenal, annatto, astaxanthin) and their sources, lycopene, anthocyanins, betanin, chlorophyllins, spirulina extract, carmine and cochineal extract, henna, riboflavin, pyrogallol, logwood extract, guaiazulene, turmeric, and soy leghemoglobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student research committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Hamedi
- School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ishibashi M, Zaitsu K, Yoshikawa I, Otagaki S, Matsumoto S, Oikawa A, Shiratake K. High-throughput analysis of anthocyanins in horticultural crops using probe electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (PESI/MS/MS). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad039. [PMID: 37082655 PMCID: PMC10111199 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites exhibit various horticultural traits. Simple and rapid analysis methods for evaluating these metabolites are in demand in breeding and consumer markets dealing with horticultural crops. We applied probe electrospray ionization (PESI) to evaluate secondary metabolite levels in horticultural crops. PESI does not require pre-treatment and separation of samples, which makes it suitable for high-throughput analysis. In this study, we targeted anthocyanins, one of the primary pigments in horticultural crops. Eighty-one anthocyanins were detected in approximately 3 minutes in the selected reaction-monitoring mode. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) could adequately distinguish between the fragments of anthocyanins and flavonols. Probe sampling, an intuitive method of sticking a probe directly to the sample, could detect anthocyanins qualitatively on a micro-area scale, such as achenes and receptacles in strawberry fruit. Our results suggest that PESI/MS/MS can be a powerful tool to characterize the profile of anthocyanins and compare their content among cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kei Zaitsu
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan
| | - Ikue Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shungo Otagaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tenpaku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Shogo Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li J, Guo C, Cai S, Yi J, Zhou L. Fabrication of anthocyanin–rich W1/O/W2 emulsion gels based on pectin–GDL complexes: 3D printing performance. Food Res Int 2023; 168:112782. [PMID: 37120230 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The stability of anthocyanin-rich W1/O/W2 double emulsions prepared with Nicandra physalodes (Linn.) Gaertn. Seeds pectin was investigated, including droplet sizes, ζ-potential, viscosity, color, microstructures and encapsulation efficiency. Furthermore, the gelation behavior, rheological behavior, texture behavior and three-dimensional (3D) printing effects of the W1/O/W2 emulsion gels induced with Glucono-delta-lactone (GDL) were studied. The L*, b*, ΔE, droplet sizes and ζ-potential of the emulsions were gradually increased, while other indicators were gradually decreased during 28 days of storage under 4 ℃. The storage stability of sample under storage at 4 ℃ was higher than 25 ℃. The G' of W1/O/W2 emulsion gels gradually boosted with increased GDL addition, and reached the highest after the addition of 1.6 % GDL. In creep-recovery sweep, the minimum strain of 1.68 % and the highest recovery rate of 86 % were also found for the emulsion gels with 1.6 % GDL. Accordingly, the models "KUST", hearts, flowers printed by emulsion gels after 60 min addition of 1.6 % GDL had the best printing effects. The W1/O/W2 emulsion gels based on pectin-GDL complexes exhibited good performance in protecting anthocyanins and suggested as a potential ink for food 3D printing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Products, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, 650500 Kunming, China.
| | - Chaofan Guo
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Products, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, 650500 Kunming, China
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Products, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, 650500 Kunming, China
| | - Junjie Yi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Products, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, 650500 Kunming, China.
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Products, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, China; International Green Food Processing Research and Development Center of Kunming City, 650500 Kunming, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin Y, Li C, Shi L, Wang L. Anthocyanins: Modified New Technologies and Challenges. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071368. [PMID: 37048188 PMCID: PMC10093405 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are bioactive compounds belonging to the flavonoid class which are commonly applied in foods due to their attractive color and health-promoting benefits. However, the instability of anthocyanins leads to their easy degradation, reduction in bioactivity, and color fading in food processing, which limits their application and causes economic losses. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a systematic evaluation of the published research on modified methods of anthocyanin use. Modification technology of anthocyanins mainly includes chemical modification (chemical acylation, enzymatic acylation, and formation of pyran anthocyanidin), co-pigmentation, and physical modification (microencapsulation and preparation of pickering emulsion). Modification technology of anthocyanins can not only increase bioavailability and stability of anthocyanin but also can improve effects of anthocyanin on disease prevention and treatment. We also propose potential challenges and perspectives for diversification of anthocyanin-rich products for food application. Overall, integrated strategies are warranted for improving anthocyanin stabilization and promoting their further application in the food industry, medicine, and other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312000, China
- Changshan Agriculture Development Center, Changshan 324200, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lejuan Shi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Changshan Agriculture Development Center, Changshan 324200, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liao L, Li Y, Lan X, Yang Y, Wei W, Ai J, Feng X, Chen H, Tang Y, Xi L, Wang Z. Integrative Analysis of Fruit Quality and Anthocyanin Accumulation of Plum cv. 'Cuihongli' ( Prunus salicina Lindl.) and Its Bud Mutation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1357. [PMID: 36987044 PMCID: PMC10059968 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fruit color is one of the quality indicators to judge the freshness of a plum. The coloring process of plum skin is valuable for research due to the high nutritional quality of anthocyanins found in plums. 'Cuihongli' (CHL) and its precocious mutant variety 'Cuihongli Red' (CHR) were used to analyze the changes of fruit quality and anthocyanin biosynthesis during plum development. The results showed that, during the development of the two plums, the total soluble solid and soluble sugar contents were highest at the mature stage, as the titratable acid trended gradually downward as the fruits of the two cultivars matured, and the CHR fruit showed higher sugar content and lower acid content. In addition, the skin of CHR turned red in color earlier than CHL. Compared with CHL, the skin of CHR had higher anthocyanin concentrations, higher activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), and UDPglucose: flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), and higher transcript levels of genes associated with anthocyanin production. In the flesh of the two cultivars, no anthocyanin content was detected. Taken together, these results suggest that the mutation exerted a major effect on anthocyanin accumulation via modification of the level of transcription; thus, CHR advances the ripening period of 'Cuihongli' plum and improves the fruit quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yaman Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Xuejiao Lan
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yiyue Yang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Wen Wei
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Jinglan Ai
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Xiangning Feng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yuhang Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Lijuan Xi
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Qingshen County, Meishan 620000, China;
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.Y.); (W.W.); (J.A.); (X.F.); (H.C.); (Y.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang J, Huang N, Mao Q, Shi J, Qiu Y. Natural bioactive compounds in Alzheimer's disease: From the perspective of type 3 diabetes mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1130253. [PMID: 37009462 PMCID: PMC10062602 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1130253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a close relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and the link between the two is often referred to as type 3 diabetes mellitus (T3DM). Many natural bioactive compounds have shown the potential to treat AD and diabetes. We mainly review the polyphenols represented by resveratrol (RES) and proanthocyanidins (PCs) and alkaloids represented by berberine (BBR) and Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids (DNLA) from the perspective of T3DM to review the neuroprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of natural compounds in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qianhua Mao
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Jingshan Shi
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Qiu
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rajput A, Sharma P, Singh D, Singh S, Kaur P, Attri S, Mohana P, Kaur H, Rashid F, Bhatia A, Jankowski J, Arora V, Tuli HS, Arora S. Role of polyphenolic compounds and their nanoformulations: a comprehensive review on cross-talk between chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:901-924. [PMID: 36826494 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects a huge portion of the world's population and frequently leads to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It might be because of common risk factors between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases. Renal dysfunction caused by chronic kidney disease creates oxidative stress which in turn leads to cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress causes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in heart which results in atherosclerosis. It ends in clogging of veins and arteries that causes cardiac stroke and myocardial infarction. To develop an innovative therapeutic approach and new drugs to treat these diseases, it is important to understand the pathophysiological mechanism behind the CKD and CVDs and their interrelationship. Natural phytoconstituents of plants such as polyphenolic compounds are well known for their medicinal value. Polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites with immense antioxidant properties, which can protect from free radical damage. Nowadays, polyphenols are generating a lot of buzz in the scientific community because of their potential health benefits especially in the case of heart and kidney diseases. This review provides a detailed account of the pathophysiological link between CKD and CVDs and the pharmacological potential of polyphenols and their nanoformulations in promoting cardiovascular and renal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Rajput
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Palvi Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sharabjit Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vanita Arora
- Sri Sukhmani Dental College & Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dark chocolate: An overview of its biological activity, processing, and fortification approaches. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1916-1943. [PMID: 36300165 PMCID: PMC9589144 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dark chocolate gets popularity for several decades due to its enormous health benefits. It contains several health-promoting factors (bioactive components - polyphenols, flavonoids, procyanidins, theobromines, etc, and vitamins and minerals) that positively modulate the immune system of human beings. It confers safeguards against cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancers, and other brain-related disorders like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, etc. Dark chocolate is considered a functional food due to its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties. It also has a well-established role in weight management and the alteration of a lipid profile to a healthy direction. But during the processing of dark chocolate, several nutrients are lost (polyphenol, flavonoids, flavan 3 ol, ascorbic acid, and thiamine). So, fortification would be an effective method of enhancing the overall nutrient content and also making the dark chocolate self-sufficient. Thus, the focus of this review study is to gather all the experimental studies done on dark chocolate fortification. Several ingredients were used for the fortification, such as fruits (mulberry, chokeberries, and elderberries), spices (cinnamon), phytosterols, peanut oil, probiotics (mainly Lactobacillus, bacillus spices), prebiotics (inulin, xanthan gum, and maltodextrin), flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, etc. Those fortifications were done to raise the total antioxidant content as well as essential fatty acid content simultaneously reducing total calorie content. Sometimes, the fortification was done to improve physical properties like viscosity, rheological propertiesand also improve overall consumer acceptance by modifying its bitter taste. Dark chocolate gets popularity for several decades due to its enormous health benefits. Dark chocolate is considered a functional food due to its health benefits. During the processing of dark chocolate, several nutrients are lost. Fortification would be an effective method of enhancing the overall nutrient content. This review study is to gather all the experimental studies done on dark chocolate fortification.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Feng XS. Anthocyanins in Different Food Matrices: Recent Updates on Extraction, Purification and Analysis Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-32. [PMID: 36045567 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2116556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins (ANCs), a kind of natural pigments, are widely present in food substrates. Evidence has shown that ANCs can promote health in terms of anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammation. However, the oxidative stability of ANCs limits accurate quantitation and analysis. Therefore, faster, more accurate, and highly sensitive extraction and determination methods are necessary for understanding the role of ANCs in medicine and food. This review presents an updated overview of pretreatment and detection techniques for ANCs in various food substrates since 2015. Liquid-liquid extraction and various green solvent extraction methods, such as accelerated solvents extraction, deep eutectic solvents extraction, ionic liquids extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction, are commonly used pretreatment methods for extraction and purification of ANCs. Liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors (tandem mass spectrometry and UV detectors) and spectrophotometry methods are some of the determination methods for ANC. This study has updated, compared, and discussed different pretreatment and analysis methods. Moreover, the advanced methods and development prospects in this field are comprehensively summarized, which can provide references for further utilization of ANCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gao L, Yan Q, Li J, Pang T, Lu L, Yi X, Jones CS, Zhang J. Elephant grass supplementation in the feed of fattening pigs affects growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood profiles and intestinal microorganisms. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.911692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of the dietary inclusion of elephant grass on the growth performance, blood profiles, carcass characteristics, ileum and stomach microbiota of fattening pigs, pigs were fed one of seven diets including a basal diet (Control), and six treatments, where the basal diet was supplemented with 10%, 15% or 20% of elephant grass, Cenchrus purpureus cv. Guiminyin (CpGui10, CpGui15, CpGui20) or cv. Purple (CpP10, CpP15, CpP20). Results showed that supplementation of 20% CpGui in the diet significantly increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and gain to feed (G/F) ratio by the end of the experiment. Additionally, pigs fed the CpGui20 diet showed higher (0.01 < P < 0.05) slaughter weight and tended to have increased loin-eye area and lean meat percentage, and, decreased backfat thickness compared with control pigs. Furthermore, 16S ribosomal DNA gene amplicon profiling showed that the inclusion of elephant grass in the diet was associated with modulation of the ileum and stomach microbiota composition at the order level. Relative abundance of the Lactobacillales order in the ileum and stomach increased with different proportions of elephant grass, while that of Enterobacteriales decreased. In conclusion, these results indicate that at up to 20% inclusion in the diet of pigs, elephant grass can promote enhanced growth performance and carcass characteristics, and, modulate the ileum and stomach microbiota composition of the pigs.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gao N, Tian J, Shu C, Tan H, Jiao X, Lang Y, Zang Z, Cui H, Li B. Protective effects and mechanism of amino acids as chokeberry cyanidin and its glycoside protectant under the condition of vitamin C coexistence. Food Chem 2022; 397:133783. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
19
|
Ma S, Yang Z, Wu F, Ma J, Fan J, Dong X, Hu R, Feng G, Li D, Wang X, Nie G, Zhang X. R2R3-MYB gene family: Genome-wide identification provides insight to improve the content of proanthocyanidins in Trifolium repens. Gene 2022; 829:146523. [PMID: 35452706 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The R2R3-MYB family is one of largest transcription factor families in plants playing significant roles in regulating anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. Proanthocyanidins are one of major objectives to improve the quality of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), which have a beneficial effect on ruminant to prevent the lethal pasture bloat. A total of 133 TrR2R3-MYB genes were identified and distributed on all 16 chromosomes based on the whole genome information of white clover. Also, by exploring the gene structure, motifs and duplication events of TrR2R3-MYBs, as well as the evolutionary relationship with TrR2R3-MYB genes of other species, 10 TrR2R3-MYB genes with the potential to regulate the anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins biosynthesis were screened. These TrR2R3-MYB genes responded significantly to low temperature in white clover. In addition, they have different expression patterns in leaves, petioles and inflorescences of white clover. Importantly, TrMYB116 and TrMYB118 may positively regulate anthocyanin accumulation and low temperature response in white clover. TrMYB118 may also be associated with anthocyanin pigmentation pattern in Purple leaves. This study provides a basis for verifying the function of TrR2R3-MYB and breeding white clover cultivars with high proanthocyanidins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhongfu Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Feifei Wu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jieyu Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jinwan Fan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xintan Dong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ruchang Hu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Guangyan Feng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Gang Nie
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Arruda Nascimento E, de Lima Coutinho L, da Silva CJ, de Lima VLAG, Dos Santos Aguiar J. In vitro anticancer properties of anthocyanins: A systematic review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188748. [PMID: 35714889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have been associated with beneficial effects on human health. Cancer has been one of the main public health issues due to its aggressiveness and high mortality rate. This systematic review aimed to address recent research (from January 2000 to September 2021) on the anticancer activity of anthocyanins assessed by in vitro assays. The selected studies revealed that anthocyanins have anticancer potential by inhibiting cancer cell viability and proliferation, controlling cell cycle, and promoting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cleber José da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Department of Antibiotics, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Antioxidant and antityrosinase activity of extractable condensed tannins from durian shells with antibrowning effect in fresh-cut asparagus lettuce model. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Zineb OY, Rashwan AK, Karim N, Lu Y, Tangpong J, Chen W. Recent Developments in Procyanidins on Metabolic Diseases, Their Possible Sources, Pharmacokinetic Profile, and Clinical Outcomes. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2062770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ould Yahia Zineb
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ahmed K. Rashwan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Food and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Naymul Karim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jitbanjong Tangpong
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Peanut skin extract ameliorates high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammation reaction and gut microbiota in ApoE−/− mice. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
24
|
Qi Q, Chu M, Yu X, Xie Y, Li Y, Du Y, Liu X, Zhang Z, Shi J, Yan N. Anthocyanins and Proanthocyanidins: Chemical Structures, Food Sources, Bioactivities, and Product Development. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2029479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Qi
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijun Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuting Yu
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Xie
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yali Li
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Du
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongfeng Zhang
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Canada
| | - Ning Yan
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Extraction and Quantification of Chlorophylls, Carotenoids, Phenolic Compounds, and Vitamins from Halophyte Biomasses. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12020840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Halophytes are salt-tolerant plants, and they have been utilised as healthy, nutritious vegetables and medicinal herbs. Various studies have shown halophytes to be rich in health-beneficial compounds with antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxic properties. Despite their potential, these plants are still underutilised in agriculture and industrial applications. This review includes the state-of-the-art literature concerning the contents of proanthocyanidins (also known as condensed tannins), total phenolic compounds, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoids), and vitamins in various halophyte biomasses. Various extraction and analytical methods are also considered. The study shows that various species have exhibited potential for use not only as novel food products but also in the production of nutraceuticals and as ingredients for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
|
26
|
LUO J, FAN Z, YANG X, BAO YH, LIANG M, GUO Y. Anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of Lonicera caerulea berry wine during different processes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.25121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xue YANG
- Northeast Forestry University, China
| | - Yi-hong BAO
- Northeast Forestry University, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Min LIANG
- Northeast Forestry University, China
| | - Yang GUO
- Northeast Forestry University, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
CHEN S, WU L, LI Y, DENG W. Interaction of plum (prunus salicina lindl. cv. furong) anthocyanins with Tremella polysaccharides and characteristics of their complexes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.37322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Li WU
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Yibin LI
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, China
| | - Wei DENG
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Molecular Mechanistic Pathways Targeted by Natural Antioxidants in the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010015. [PMID: 35052518 PMCID: PMC8772744 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the progressive loss of renal function and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Despite optimal therapy, many patients progress to ESRD and require dialysis or transplantation. The pathogenesis of CKD involves inflammation, kidney fibrosis, and blunted renal cellular antioxidant capacity. In this review, we have focused on in vitro and in vivo experimental and clinical studies undertaken to investigate the mechanistic pathways by which these compounds exert their effects against the progression of CKD, particularly diabetic nephropathy and kidney fibrosis. The accumulated and collected data from preclinical and clinical studies revealed that these plants/bioactive compounds could activate autophagy, increase mitochondrial bioenergetics and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction, act as modulators of signaling pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, and renal fibrosis. The main pathways targeted by these compounds include the canonical nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), canonical transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), autophagy, and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE). This review presented an updated overview of the potential benefits of these antioxidants and new strategies to treat or reduce CKD progression, although the limitations related to the traditional formulation, lack of standardization, side effects, and safety.
Collapse
|
29
|
Valencia-Hernandez LJ, Wong-Paz JE, Ascacio-Valdés JA, Chávez-González ML, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Aguilar CN. Procyanidins: From Agro-Industrial Waste to Food as Bioactive Molecules. Foods 2021; 10:3152. [PMID: 34945704 PMCID: PMC8701411 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Procyanidins are an important group of bioactive molecules known for their benefits to human health. These compounds are promising in the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, as they prevent cell damage related to oxidative stress. It is necessary to study effective extraction methods for the recovery of these components. In this review, advances in the recovery of procyanidins from agro-industrial wastes are presented, which are obtained through ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized fluid extraction and subcritical water extraction. Current trends focus on the extraction of procyanidins from seeds, peels, pomaces, leaves and bark in agro-industrial wastes, which are extracted by ultrasound. Some techniques have been coupled with environmentally friendly techniques. There are few studies focused on the extraction and evaluation of biological activities of procyanidins. The identification and quantification of these compounds are the result of the study of the polyphenolic profile of plant sources. Antioxidant, antibiotic, and anti-inflammatory activity are presented as the biological properties of greatest interest. Agro-industrial wastes can be an economical and easily accessible source for the extraction of procyanidins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leidy Johana Valencia-Hernandez
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo C.P. 25280, CH, Mexico; (L.J.V.-H.); (J.A.A.-V.); (M.L.C.-G.); (J.C.C.-E.)
| | - Jorge E. Wong-Paz
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Valles, Ciudad Valles C.P. 79010, SL, Mexico;
| | - Juan Alberto Ascacio-Valdés
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo C.P. 25280, CH, Mexico; (L.J.V.-H.); (J.A.A.-V.); (M.L.C.-G.); (J.C.C.-E.)
| | - Mónica L. Chávez-González
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo C.P. 25280, CH, Mexico; (L.J.V.-H.); (J.A.A.-V.); (M.L.C.-G.); (J.C.C.-E.)
| | - Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo C.P. 25280, CH, Mexico; (L.J.V.-H.); (J.A.A.-V.); (M.L.C.-G.); (J.C.C.-E.)
| | - Cristóbal N. Aguilar
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo C.P. 25280, CH, Mexico; (L.J.V.-H.); (J.A.A.-V.); (M.L.C.-G.); (J.C.C.-E.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abou El-Dis GR, Zavdetovna KL, Nikolaevich AA, Abdelazeez WMA, Arnoldovna TO. Influence of light on the accumulation of anthocyanins in callus culture of Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Sunt Blue Giant. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
31
|
Dietary supplementation of encapsulated anthocyanin loaded-chitosan nanoparticles attenuates hyperlipidemic aberrations in male Wistar rats. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
|
32
|
Enayati A, Salehi A, Alilou M, Stuppner H, Polshekan M, Rajaei M, Pourabouk M, Jabbari A, Mazaheri Z, Yassa N, Moheimani HR, Khori V. Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:288. [PMID: 34823510 PMCID: PMC8620719 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances. Methods The ethyl acetate fraction of P. reptans root (Et) was subjected to an IR model under 30 min of ischemia and 100 min of reperfusion. To investigate the postconditioning effect, Et was perfused for 15 min at the early phase of reperfusion. RISK/SAFE pathway inhibitors, 5HD and L-NAME, were applied individually 10 min before the ischemia, either alone or in combination with Et during the early reperfusion phase. The hemodynamic factors and ventricular arrhythmia were calculated during the reperfusion. Oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins were assessed at the end of experiments. Results Et postconditioning (Etpost) significantly reduced the infarct size, arrhythmia score, ventricular fibrillation incidence, and enhanced the hemodynamic parameters by decreasing the MDA level and increasing expression of Nrf2, SOD and CAT activities. Meanwhile, Etpost increased the BCl-2/BAX ratio and decreased Caspase-3 expression. The cardioprotective effect of Etpost was abrogated by L-NAME, Wortmannin (a PI3K/Akt inhibitor), and AG490 (a JAK/STAT3 inhibitor). Finally, Etpost reduced the expression of GSK-3β and SGK1 proteins pertaining to the IR group. Conclusion P. reptans reveals the post-conditioning effects via the Nrf2 pathway, NO release, and the RISK/SAFE pathway. Also, Etpost decreased apoptotic indexes by inhibiting GSK-3β and SGK1 expressions. Hence, our data suggest that Etpost can be a suitable natural candidate to protect cardiomyocytes during reperfusion injury. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03456-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Aref Salehi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alilou
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mirali Polshekan
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rajaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mona Pourabouk
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.,Research Clinical Development unit (CRDU) 5 Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Narguess Yassa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moheimani
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, P.O.BOX. 4934174515, Gorgan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chiluisa-Utreras V, Vela D, Vaca I, Acurio R, Chicaiza J, Peñaherrera S. Expression of the ANS, CHS and DFR genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in Vaccinium floribundum Kunth from Ecuador, using RT-qPCR. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.04.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinium floribundum Kunth, a wild native species of berry in Ecuador, presents a lot of phenolic compounds, specifically anthocyanins; hence it is considered a natural nutraceutical due to all its nutritional properties. The comparison of the expression of genes is involved in the biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanin of several populations. The aim of the research was to analyze the expression levels of three genes involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in this species collected in two areas of the province of Pichincha: Machachi population of the Mejía canton, with geographic coordinates 0 ° 31′04.8 ″ S 78 ° 37′07.4 ″ W and altitude 3200 meters above sea level, and Pintag population of the Quito cantón, with geographic coordinates 0 ° 24′00.0 ″ S 78 ° 24′00.0 ″ W and altitude 3000 meters above sea level. The gene expression analysis was performed using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique and reverse transcription (RT-qPCR). For the population of Machachi, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene had an average concentration of 648.59 ng/µL, followed by the chalcone synthase gene with 143.71 ng/µL, then by the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene with 59.58 ng/µL and finally by the anthocyanin synthase gene with 39 ng/µL. For the population of Pintag, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene has an average concentration of 667.32 ng/µL, followed by the chalcone synthase gene with 157.22 ng/µL, then by the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene with 60.42 ng/µL, and finally by the anthocyanin synthase gene with 44.40 ng/µL. Each gene has a similar expression level in both populations, but there are differences when comparing the expression level among genes. Many enzymes, structural genes, and regulatory elements have been observed as transcription factors involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Doris Vela
- Laboratory of Evolutive Genetics. School of Biological Sciences. Pontificia Universidad Católica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ivonne Vaca
- Research group BIOARN, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito - Ecuador
| | - Ramiro Acurio
- Research group BIOARN, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito - Ecuador
| | - Javier Chicaiza
- Laboratory of Life Sciences, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito - Ecuador
| | - Sofía Peñaherrera
- Laboratory of Life Sciences, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Quito - Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nezbedova L, McGhie T, Christensen M, Heyes J, Nasef NA, Mehta S. Onco-Preventive and Chemo-Protective Effects of Apple Bioactive Compounds. Nutrients 2021; 13:4025. [PMID: 34836282 PMCID: PMC8618396 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Epidemiological studies have strongly linked a diet high in fruits to a lower incidence of cancer. Furthermore, extensive research shows that secondary plant metabolites known as phytochemicals, which are commonly found in fruits, have onco-preventive and chemo-protective effects. Apple is a commonly consumed fruit worldwide that is available all year round and is a rich source of phytochemicals. In this review, we summarize the association of apple consumption with cancer incidence based on findings from epidemiological and cohort studies. We further provide a comprehensive review of the main phytochemical patterns observed in apples and their bioavailability after consumption. Finally, we report on the latest findings from in vitro and in vivo studies highlighting some of the key molecular mechanisms targeted by apple phytochemicals in relation to inhibiting multiple 'hallmarks of cancer' that are important in the progression of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nezbedova
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (L.N.); (J.H.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Tony McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Mark Christensen
- Heritage Food Crops Research Trust, Whanganui 4501, New Zealand;
| | - Julian Heyes
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (L.N.); (J.H.)
| | - Noha Ahmed Nasef
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Pathology Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wen H, Tian H, Liu C, Zhang X, Peng Y, Yang X, Chen F, Li J. Metformin and cyanidin 3- O-galactoside from Aronia melanocarpa synergistically alleviate cognitive impairment in SAMP8 mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:10994-11008. [PMID: 34657937 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside (Cy3Gal) from Aronia melanocarpa has been reported to alleviate cognitive impairment. Metformin for preventing the neurodegenerative disease is attracting increasing attention. However, the neuroprotective and metabolic health promoting both of their effects are not clear. We chose the senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) as a model of spontaneous learning and memory impairment. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic neuroprotective effect of metformin and Cy3Gal by behavioral and histopathological assays and metabolite analysis in SAMP8 mice. The SAMR1 mice were the normal group, and the SAMP8 mice were divided into five groups, including the SAMP8 model group, the donepezil (1 mg kg-1, ig) group, the metformin (100 mg kg-1, ig) group, the Cy3Gal (25 mg kg-1, ig) group, and the combination of metformin plus Cy3Gal (Met + Cy3Gal, 100 mg kg-1, 25 mg kg-1, ig) group. The behavior experiments showed that the SAMP8 mice treated with metformin and Cy3Gal showed improved spatial learning and memory compared to the SAMP8 model group. The number of neurons in the Met + Cy3Gal group was significantly higher than that in the SAMP8 group and the Met + Cy3Gal group showed significantly reduced Aβ aggregation in the brain, which was elevated in SAMP8 mice. Compared with SAMP8 mice, the Met + Cy3Gal group showed decreased indole, methyl esters and ketones and increased short-chain fatty acids and alcohols in feces and urine by regulating the fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation. This study confirmed the neuroprotective effects of coadministration of metformin and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside in the SAMP8 mice, and suggested its positive effect on postponing the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Wen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Dong Road, Beijing 100083, China. .,Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hehe Tian
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Dong Road, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Dong Road, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Dong Road, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinquan Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Science, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Jingming Li
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Tsinghua Dong Road, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Direito R, Rocha J, Sepodes B, Eduardo-Figueira M. From Diospyros kaki L. (Persimmon) Phytochemical Profile and Health Impact to New Product Perspectives and Waste Valorization. Nutrients 2021; 13:3283. [PMID: 34579162 PMCID: PMC8465508 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit's phytochemical profile includes carotenoids, proanthocyanidins, and gallic acid among other phenolic compounds and vitamins. A huge antioxidant potential is present given this richness in antioxidant compounds. These bioactive compounds impact on health benefits. The intersection of nutrition and sustainability, the key idea behind the EAT-Lancet Commission, which could improve human health and decrease the global impact of food-related health conditions such as cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, bring the discussion regarding persimmon beyond the health effects from its consumption, but also on the valorization of a very perishable food that spoils quickly. A broad option of edible products with better storage stability or solutions that apply persimmon and its byproducts in the reinvention of old products or even creating new products, or with new and better packaging for the preservation of food products with postharvest technologies to preserve and extend the shelf-life of persimmon food products. Facing a global food crisis and the climate emergency, new and better day-to-day solutions are needed right now. Therefore, the use of persimmon waste has also been discussed as a good solution to produce biofuel, eco-friendly alternative reductants for fabric dyes, green plant growth regulator, biodegradable and edible films for vegetable packaging, antimicrobial activity against foodborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus found in retail pork, anti-Helicobacter pylori agents from pedicel extracts, and persimmon pectin-based emulsifiers to prevent lipid peroxidation, among other solutions presented in the revised literature. It has become clear that the uses for persimmon go far beyond the kitchen table and the health impact consumption demonstrated over the years. The desired sustainable transition is already in progress, however, mechanistic studies and clinical trials are essential and scaling-up is fundamental to the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Direito
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
| | - João Rocha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sepodes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Eduardo-Figueira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal; (J.R.); (B.S.); (M.E.-F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Elucidation of Interaction between Whey Proteins and Proanthocyanidins and Its Protective Effects on Proanthocyanidins during In-Vitro Digestion and Storage. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185468. [PMID: 34576939 PMCID: PMC8471322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whey proteins and oligomeric proanthocyanidins have nutritional value and are widely used in combination as food supplements. However, the effect of the interactions between proanthocyanidins and whey proteins on their stability has not been studied in depth. In this work, we aimed to characterize the interactions between β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and oligomeric proanthocyanidins, including A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, and C1, using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence spectroscopic data revealed that all of the oligomeric proanthocyanidins quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of β-LG or α-LA by binding-related fluorescence quenching. Among the six oligomeric proanthocyanidins, A1 showed the strongest affinity for β-LG (Ka = 2.951 (±0.447) × 104 L∙mol−1) and α-LA (Ka = 1.472 (±0.236) × 105 L∙mol−1) at 297 K. β-LG/α-LA and proanthocyanidins can spontaneously form complexes, which are mainly induced by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and van der Waals forces. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the secondary structures of the proteins were rearranged after binding to oligomeric proanthocyanidins. During in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the recovery rate of A1 and A2 increased with the addition of WPI by 11.90% and 38.43%, respectively. The addition of WPI (molar ratio of 1:1) increased the retention rate of proanthocyanidins A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, and C1 during storage at room temperature by 14.01%, 23.14%, 30.09%, 62.67%, 47.92%, and 60.56%, respectively. These results are helpful for the promotion of protein–proanthocyanidin complexes as functional food ingredients in the food industry.
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou M, Chen X, Gao C, Ni L, Wang X, Zhang W, Ren S. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of larix bark proanthocyanidins in ionic liquids produces UV blockers with potential for use in cosmetics. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30078-30087. [PMID: 35480246 PMCID: PMC9040893 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03197j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The bark of larix, a major tree species in the coniferous forests of China's Greater Khingan Mountains, is typically treated as waste. The bark is, however, rich in flavonoids, known as proanthocyanidins, although their high degree of polymerization and high molecular weight reduce their biological activity and potential applications. Ionic liquids, a new type of “green solvent”, characterized by low vapor pressure and good stability, have been developed and used as new solvents for naturally occurring macromolecules. Here, we used 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride ([BMIM]Cl) as the ionic solvent to reduce the degree of polymerization of larix bark proanthocyanidins by Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenolysis. The optimal reaction conditions, determined using an orthogonal experimental design, were: reaction temperature, 90 °C; reaction time, 1.5 h; catalyst loading, 4 g L−1 (Pd/C: [BMIM]Cl); and hydrogen pressure, 2.5 MPa. Characterization of the reaction products by UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatographys showed that they retained the proanthocyanidin structure. We showed that whilst both the native and depolymerized proanthocyanidins were able to block UV light when added to commercially available skin creams and sunscreens, the depolymerized proanthocyanidins were more effective at a given concentration. This study expands the applications of a new “green” ionic liquid solvent, provides a technical foundation for the low-cost depolymerization of larix bark proanthocyanidins, and also explores a potential high-value use for waste larix bark as the source of a UV-blocking additive for cosmetics. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins with excellent UV resistance were prepared by hydrogenolysis in ionic liquids.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Chong Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Liwen Ni
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Wudi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| | - Shixue Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University China.,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu X, Long H, Li F, Wu W, Zhou J, Liu C, Hou J, Wu W, Guo D. Comprehensive feature-based molecular networking and metabolomics approaches to reveal the differences components in Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3810-3821. [PMID: 34415684 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamon was been a widely used plant in medicinal and spices for a long time and has spread all over the world. However, the differences in the components of the bark from Cinnamomum cassia and Cinnamomum verum, the two most common types of cinnamon, have not been thoroughly investigated. In the present experiment, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography LTQ-Orbitrap Velos Pro hybrid mass spectrometer-based metabolomics coupled with chemometrics and feature-based molecular networking were employed to dramatically distinguish and annotate Cinnamomum cassia Bark and Cinnamomum verum bark. As a consequence, principal component analysis, orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminates analysis, and heat map analysis demonstrated clear discrimination between the profiles of metabolites in cinnamon. Besides, as the known compounds, proanthocyanidins (cinnamtannin B1 and procyanidin B2) and alkaloids (norboldine, norisoboldine) with variable importance in the projection scores >6, and an unknown alkaloid (formula C24 H33 NO6 ) were selected as the best markers to discriminate cinnamon. Furthermore, large numbers of proanthocyanidins and alkaloids components were identified through feature-based molecular networking for the first time. Our investigation provides new ideas for the discovery of quality markers and identification of unknown components in natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huali Long
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Rd 501, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ali A, Ponnampalam EN, Pushpakumara G, Cottrell JJ, Suleria HAR, Dunshea FR. Cinnamon: A Natural Feed Additive for Poultry Health and Production-A Review. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2026. [PMID: 34359154 PMCID: PMC8300125 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased bacterial resistance to synthetic antibiotics and consumer awareness about the health and food safety concerns have triggered the ban on the use of antibiotic growth promotors (AGPs) in the poultry industry. This situation encouraged the poultry sector and industry to explore safe alternatives to AGPs and focus on developing more sustainable feed management strategies to improve the intestinal health and growth performance of poultry. Consequently, phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) have emerged as natural alternatives to AGPs and have great potential in the poultry industry. In recent years, cinnamon (one of the most widely used spices) has attracted attention from researchers as a natural product with numerous health benefits for poultry. The essential oils in cinnamon, in particular, are of interest because of their antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and hypocholesterolaemic effects, in addition to their ability to stimulate digestive enzymes in the gut. This review mainly emphasizes the potential impact of cinnamon as a natural feed additive on overall gut health, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical profile, gene expression, gut microbiota and immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Eric N. Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Gamini Pushpakumara
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka;
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Hafiz A. R. Suleria
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (A.A.); (J.J.C.); (H.A.R.S.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Donia T, Khamis A. Management of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34121-34153. [PMID: 33963999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have diverse physiopathological mechanisms with interconnected oxidative stress and inflammation as one of the common etiologies which result in the onset and development of atherosclerotic plaques. In this review, we illustrate this strong crosstalk between oxidative stress, inflammation, and CVD. Also, mitochondrial functions underlying this crosstalk, and various approaches for the prevention of redox/inflammatory biological impacts will be illustrated. In part, we focus on the laboratory biomarkers and physiological tests for the evaluation of oxidative stress status and inflammatory processes. The impact of a healthy lifestyle on CVD onset and development is displayed as well. Furthermore, the differences in oxidative stress and inflammation are related to genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and the variability in the assessment of CVDs risk between individuals; Omics technologies for measuring oxidative stress and inflammation will be explored. Finally, we display the oxidative stress-related microRNA and the functions of the redox basis of epigenetic modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thoria Donia
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abeer Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kanatt SR. Active/smart carboxymethyl cellulose‐polyvinyl alcohol composite films containing rose petal extract for fish packaging. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sweetie R. Kanatt
- Food Technology Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai 400 085 India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tan C, Dadmohammadi Y, Lee MC, Abbaspourrad A. Combination of copigmentation and encapsulation strategies for the synergistic stabilization of anthocyanins. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:3164-3191. [PMID: 34118125 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Copigmentation and encapsulation are the two most commonly used techniques for anthocyanin stabilization. However, each of these techniques by itself suffers from many challenges associated with the simultaneous achievement of color intensification and high stability of anthocyanins. Integrating copigmentation and encapsulation may overcome the limitation of usage of a single technique. This review summarizes the most recent studies and their challenges aiming at combining copigmentation and encapsulation techniques. The effective approaches for encapsulating copigmented anthocyanins are described, including spray/freeze-drying, emulsification, gelation, polyelectrolyte complexation, and their combinations. Other emerging approaches, such as layer-by-layer deposition and ultrasonication, are also reviewed. The physicochemical principles underlying the combined strategies for the fabrication of various delivery systems are discussed. Particular emphasis is directed toward the synergistic effects of copigmentation and encapsulation, for example, modulating roles of copigments in the processes of gelation and complexation. Finally, some of the major challenges and opportunities for future studies are highlighted. The trend of integrating copigmentation and encapsulation has been just started to develop. The information in this review should facilitate the exploration of the combination of multistrategy and the fabrication of robust delivery systems for copigmented anthocyanins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Younas Dadmohammadi
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Michelle C Lee
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Effects of Anthocyanins on Vascular Health. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060811. [PMID: 34070757 PMCID: PMC8227852 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders are leading mortality causes worldwide, often with a latent evolution. Vascular health depends on endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques. Preventive medicine deserves special attention, focusing on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, including diet. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has well-known health benefits, especially due to its polyphenolic components. Anthocyanins, water-soluble flavonoid species, responsible for the red-blue color in plants and commonly found in berries, exert favorable effects on the endothelial function, oxidative stress, inhibit COX-1, and COX-2 enzymes, exert antiatherogenic, antihypertensive, antiglycation, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory activity, ameliorate dyslipidemia and arterial stiffness. The present review aims to give a current overview of the mechanisms involved in the vascular protective effect of anthocyanins from the human diet, considering epidemiological data, in vitro and in vivo preclinical research, clinical observational, retrospective, intervention and randomized studies, dietary and biomarker studies, and discussing preventive benefits of anthocyanins and future research directions.
Collapse
|
45
|
Magdaleno-Tapia C, Quifer-Rada P, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Estévez-Santiago R, Waterhouse AL, Lamuela-Reventós RM, Olmedilla-Alonso B, Pérez-Jiménez J. Evaluation of the potential of total proanthocyanidin content in feces as an intake biomarker. Food Res Int 2021; 145:110390. [PMID: 34112393 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the health benefits associated with proanthocyanidins (PAs), it is useful to identify dietary PA biomarkers that can be determined by simple methods. Since increased levels of circulating PA metabolites are associated with increased fecal PA content, this study explores the spectrophotometric measurement of fecal PA content and its use as a biomarker of PA intake. To this end, fecal PA content was measured using an adaptation of Porter's spectrophotometric method in samples from a preclinical study and an observational study. In the former, excretion of 250-400 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces was observed during supplementation and the day after, together with a significant association (p < 0.05) between PA intake and the excretion of both intact PAs and some PA metabolites, i.e., (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and syringic acid. No relationship between intake and excretion was found in the observational study, either for the entire group (mean excretion of 240 ± 226 mg PA polymer equivalents/100 g feces) or after stratification into tertiles of consumption. In conclusion, the spectrophotometric determination of total PA content in feces proved to be a valid compliance marker in a preclinical study, but it was not associated with PA intake in free-living subjects. The potential of total PA excretion in observational studies, determined in fecal samples collected the day before dietary recall or in several fecal samples from the same subject, remains to be elucidated, as does a complete validation of the method proposed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Magdaleno-Tapia
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Quifer-Rada
- Dpt. Endocrinology and Nutrition, CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Estévez-Santiago
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Francisco de Vitoria University, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosa M Lamuela-Reventós
- Dpt. Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Olmedilla-Alonso
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Dpt. Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Dpt. Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, XaRTA, INSA-UB, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Souza VB, Holkem AT, Thomazini M, Petta T, Tulini FL, Oliveira CAF, Genovese MI, Rodrigues CE, Fávaro Trindade CS. Study of extraction kinetics and characterization of proanthocyanidin‐rich extract from Ceylon cinnamon (
Cinnamomum zeylanicum
). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Volnei Brito Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP) Universidade de São Paulo Pirassununga Brazil
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS) Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFOB) Barreiras Brazil
| | - Augusto Tasch Holkem
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP) Universidade de São Paulo Pirassununga Brazil
| | - Marcelo Thomazini
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP) Universidade de São Paulo Pirassununga Brazil
| | - Tânia Petta
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP) Universidade de São Paulo Pirassununga Brazil
| | - Fabricio Luiz Tulini
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos (FZEA/USP) Universidade de São Paulo Pirassununga Brazil
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS) Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFOB) Barreiras Brazil
| | | | - Maria Inés Genovese
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental (FCF/USP) Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Baycar A, Konar N, Poyrazoglu ES, Goktas H, Sagdic O. Using white spread and compound chocolate as phenolic compound delivering agent: A model study with black carrot extract. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Baycar
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences Program of Food Technology Siirt University Siirt Turkey
| | - Nevzat Konar
- Agriculture Faculty Food Engineering Department Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir Turkey
| | | | - Hamza Goktas
- Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty Food Engineering Department Yildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Osman Sagdic
- Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty Food Engineering Department Yildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Baptista SDL, Copetti CLK, Cardoso AL, Di Pietro PF. Biological activities of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) intake in humans: an integrative review of clinical trials. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1375-1391. [PMID: 33555024 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Açaí (E. oleracea) and juçara (E. edulis) are berries considered a source of bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins and unsaturated fatty acids, with recognized health-promoting activities. An integrative review was conducted to identify available clinical trials that evaluated the effects of açaí and juçara intake on the human organism. Science Direct and Medline databases were searched. Human studies that evaluated any biological activities after açaí and juçara intake were included in this review. Twenty-three clinical trials were identified up to April 12, 2020. Studies evaluated the biological effects of açaí (n = 17), juçara (n = 5), or both berries simultaneously (n = 1). The results of these trials suggest both types of berries may contribute to improved antioxidant defense and to attenuating metabolic stress and inflammation. However, considerable heterogeneity was observed among trials, and few studies explored the bioactive compounds of the food matrix provided in the interventions. More clinical trials are encouraged to strengthen the current evidence on human biological outcomes, including comparative analysis between these berries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla de L Baptista
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cândice L K Copetti
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alyne L Cardoso
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Patricia F Di Pietro
- S. de L. Baptista, C.L.K. Copetti, A.L. Cardoso, and P.F. Di Pietro are with the Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Izumi T, Terauchi M. The Diverse Efficacy of Food-Derived Proanthocyanidins for Middle-Aged and Elderly Women. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123833. [PMID: 33334009 PMCID: PMC7765374 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Middle-aged and elderly women are affected by various symptoms and diseases induced by estrogen deficiency. Proanthocyanidins, widely present in many kinds of fruits and berries, have many beneficial effects, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. We researched the effects of proanthocyanidins for middle-aged and elderly women, finding that it has been revealed in many clinical trials and cohort studies that proanthocyanidins contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, obesity, cancer, osteoporosis, and urinary tract infection, as well as the improvement of menopausal symptoms, renal function, and skin damage. Thus, proanthocyanidins can be considered one of the potent representatives of complementary alternative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Izumi
- Department of Production and Quality Control, Kikkoman Nutricare Japan Incorporation, Nihonbashikoamicho 3-11, Chuo, Tokyo 103-0016, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5521-5138; Fax: +81-3-3660-9222
| | - Masakazu Terauchi
- Department of Women’s Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Advances in Biosynthesis and Biological Functions of Proanthocyanidins in Horticultural Plants. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121774. [PMID: 33265960 PMCID: PMC7759826 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are colorless flavonoid polymers condensed from flavan-3-ol units. They are essential secondary plant metabolites that contribute to the nutritional value and sensory quality of many fruits and the related processed products. Mounting evidence has shown that the accumulation of proanthocyanidins is associated with the resistance of plants against a broad spectrum of abiotic and biotic stress conditions. The biosynthesis of proanthocyanidins has been examined extensively, allowing for identifying and characterizing the key regulators controlling the biosynthetic pathway in many plants. New findings revealed that these specific regulators were involved in the proanthocyanidins biosynthetic network in response to various environmental conditions. This paper reviews the current knowledge regarding the control of key regulators in the underlying proanthocyanidins biosynthetic and molecular mechanisms in response to environmental stress. Furthermore, it discusses the directions for future research on the metabolic engineering of proanthocyanidins production to improve food and fruit crop quality.
Collapse
|