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Su YZ, Lu PL. Combining Different Natural Plant Extracts to Stabilize the Antioxidative Activity of Dragon's Blood. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:786. [PMID: 39063541 PMCID: PMC11277873 DOI: 10.3390/life14070786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dragon's blood () is a traditional Chinese medicine known for its wound hemostasis, blood circulation, and stasis properties. Recently, it has also been utilized in cosmetics, though its antioxidant capacity remains unclear. This study aims to stabilize the bioactivity of dragon's blood using various plant extracts. We evaluated single plant extracts and their combinations to identify the conditions that maintained the antioxidant capacity of dragon's blood the longest. Selected plants included Hibiscus sabdariffa, Clitoria ternatea, Hylocereus sp., Pandanus amaryllifolius, and Camellia sinensis. We used two sources of dragon's blood: Daemonorops draco and Dracaena cochinchinensis. Extraction conditions were optimized and antioxidant activity was assessed using the free radical scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total anthocyanin concentration (TAC), total polyphenol content (TPC), the free radical scavenging activity of ABTS, and a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The results showed that all plant extracts exhibited high antioxidant capacity. Clitoria ternatea had the highest DPPH scavenging ability at 93.81%, with the best combination being green tea and Daemonorops draco at 92.57%. Clitoria ternatea had the highest TPC at 9921 mg GAE/100 g, with the best combination (green tea and Dracaena cochinchinensis) at 10500 mg GAE/100 g. ABTS activity was highest for green tea at 98.3%, with the best combination (Clitoria ternatea and Daemonorops draco) at 93.29%. The FRAP assay showed that green tea had the highest electron-donating potential at 3.85 mg/mL, with the best combination (Daemonorops draco and Dracaena cochinchinensis) at 3.71 mg/mL. This study advances our understanding of the antioxidant properties of these plants and the traditional Chinese medicine dragon's blood, enhancing the efficacy of dragon's blood in skincare and cosmetics. Moreover, the application of these extracts could rejuvenate local agriculture, impacting the skincare, cosmetics, and sustainable agriculture sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pei-Luen Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Taitung University, Taitung 950309, Taiwan;
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2
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Caroline Paz Gonçalves G, Lizandra Gomes Rosas A, Carneiro de Sousa R, Regina Rodrigues Vieira T, César de Albuquerque Sousa T, Ramires T, Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira T, Barros L, Padilha da Silva W, Renato Guerra Dias Á, da Rosa Zavareze E, Dillenburg Meinhart A. A green method for anthocyanin extraction from Clitoria ternatea flowers cultivated in southern Brazil: Characterization, in vivo toxicity, and biological activity. Food Chem 2024; 435:137575. [PMID: 37776651 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a green method to obtain an anthocyanin-rich edible extract of Clitoria ternatea flowers grown in southern Brazil. The extract was characterized by UHPLC-MSn and analyzed for toxicological potential in an in vivo model, total phenolic content, and biological activities. By using a 23 multivariate design to study the effects of temperature, acidified solvent, and time on the total anthocyanin content (487.25 mg/g), total phenolic content (2242.47 mgGAE/g), it was possible to determine the optimal point (45 °C, 16 min, and 22.5 mL extraction solution). Thirteen anthocyanins and nine non-anthocyanins were quantified. In vivo toxicity assay using Galleria mellonella showed a safe concentration when administered up to 2.2 g of extract per body kg. The extract showed antioxidant activity and antibacterial action against food pathogens, the method proved to have a low environmental impact, in addition to producing an extract with potential for application in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glória Caroline Paz Gonçalves
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Carneiro de Sousa
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thaís Regina Rodrigues Vieira
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Tassiana Ramires
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tayse Ferreira Ferreira da Silveira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5300-253, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Bragança 5300-253, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Renato Guerra Dias
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elessandra da Rosa Zavareze
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriana Dillenburg Meinhart
- Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), R. Gomes Carneiro, no. 1, Balsa, Pelotas, 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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3
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Santos LG, Martins VG. Multifunctional alginate films blended with polyphenol-rich extract from unconventional edible sources: Bioactive properties, UV-light protection, and food freshness monitoring. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130001. [PMID: 38340915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of active and smart packaging from non-conventional food sources is an ecological trend to ensure safe food supply in the food chain. The study aimed to develop multifunctional films based on alginate blended with different concentrations of purple onion peel (POPE) and butterfly-pea flower extract (BFE). The addition of the extracts increased the opacity of the films by 80 %, indicating greater UV-light barrier ability. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the films increased by 70 % and 30 %, while water vapor permeability decreased by 15 %. The interaction between the extract and the alginate positively modified the structure of the films, increasing the melting temperature of the films (112-131 °C). Mixing both extracts in the matrix generated materials with antioxidant activity, antimicrobial capabilities, and sensitivity to freshness factors (gases, pH, and temperature) superior to films added with a single extract, suggesting better active and intelligent performances. The films protected the color of food products against the effects of UV-light, being strongly capable of colorimetrically checking the deterioration of protein-rich products. Therefore, alginate films blended with POPE and BFE have a promising potential for developing smart materials, preserving, and monitoring the food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Gustavo Santos
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Vilásia Guimarães Martins
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil.
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4
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Martinez-Ramirez EZ, Gonzalez-Cruz L, Bernardino-Nicanor A, Silva-Martínez GA, Falfan-Cortes RN, Gonzalez-Montiel S, Gomez-Aldapa CA. Hibiscus Acid Inhibitory Capacity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme: an In Vitro and In Silico Study. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:234-241. [PMID: 38285102 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Edna Zaranne Martinez-Ramirez
- Química y Bioquimica de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico / IT de Celaya, Campus I, Antonio Garcia Cubas Pte #600 esq. Av. Tecnologico, Celaya, C.P 38010, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Gonzalez-Cruz
- Química y Bioquimica de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico / IT de Celaya, Campus I, Antonio Garcia Cubas Pte #600 esq. Av. Tecnologico, Celaya, C.P 38010, Mexico
| | - Aurea Bernardino-Nicanor
- Química y Bioquimica de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico / IT de Celaya, Campus I, Antonio Garcia Cubas Pte #600 esq. Av. Tecnologico, Celaya, C.P 38010, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Antonio Silva-Martínez
- Investigador por Mexico (IxM)-TecNM en Celaya, Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico / IT de Celaya, Campus I, Antonio Garcia Cubas Pte #600 esq. Av. Tecnologico, Celaya, C.P 38010, Mexico
| | - Reyna Nallely Falfan-Cortes
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, C.P. 42184, Hidalgo, México
| | - Simplicio Gonzalez-Montiel
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, C.P. 42184, Hidalgo, México
| | - Carlos Alberto Gomez-Aldapa
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Mineral de la Reforma, km. 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Mineral de la Reforma, C.P. 42184, Hidalgo, México.
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5
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do Nascimento JV, Silva KA, Giuliangeli VC, Mendes ALD, Piai LP, Michels RN, Dal Bosco TC, Ströher GR, Shirai MA. Starch-PVA based films with Clitoria ternatea flower extract: Characterization, phenolic compounds release and compostability. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128232. [PMID: 37981283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic release of phenolic compounds from biodegradable films with Clitoria ternatea flower extract (ECT) in different food-simulant fluids and compostability were evaluated for the first time. This work aimed to incorporate ECT in starch-PVA-based film formulations, and the antioxidant capacity, total phenolic compounds, opacity, color, mechanical properties, compostability, and polyphenol release in different fluid simulants were determined. The results obtained showed that antioxidant activity and the total phenolic compounds were ECT dose dependent. Due to its antioxidant properties, ECT interfered with the film's composting process, reaching an average weight loss of 70 %. Additionally, the addition of ECT interfered with the mechanical properties, reducing the tensile strength, probably due to the plasticizer effect. The type of simulating fluid influenced the release of polyphenols from the films, and the presence of water favored the release because it hydrated and swelled the starch-PVA matrix, facilitating diffusion. The classic zero- and first-order models were the most effective in describing the release kinetics of polyphenols from the films. The results of this study demonstrate that the antioxidant potential and the release of polyphenols from starch-PVA-based films in different simulated fluids allow their application in active packaging, making them a sustainable alternative for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Cipriani Giuliangeli
- Post-graduate Program in Food Technology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Pioneiros 3131, Londrina, PR 86036-370, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Paloma Piai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Roger Nabeyama Michels
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Gylles Ricardo Ströher
- Post-graduate program in Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Apucarana, Brazil
| | - Marianne Ayumi Shirai
- Post-graduate Program in Food Technology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná, Pioneiros 3131, Londrina, PR 86036-370, Brazil.
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6
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Koirala P, Sriprablom J, Winuprasith T. Anthocyanin-Rich Butterfly Pea Petal Extract Loaded Double Pickering Emulsion Containing Nanocrystalline Cellulose: Physicochemical Properties, Stability, and Rheology. Foods 2023; 12:4173. [PMID: 38002230 PMCID: PMC10671032 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Butterfly pea petal extract (BPE)-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions were fabricated using nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) as a hydrophilic stabilizer and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) as a hydrophobic emulsifier. The impact of different concentrations of NCC and PGPR in different phase proportions on the emulsion formation, rheology, and stability of an anthocyanin-loaded (pH ≈ 7.0) emulsion was investigated. The mean droplet size of the emulsions increased as the NCC concentration increased, while color intensity (greenness) decreased as the PGPR and NCC concentrations increased. A microscopic examination confirmed that the NCC nanoparticles stabilized the inner W1/O phase, whereas the excess concentration of non-adsorbing NCC nanoparticles was suspended in the continuous aqueous phase. The rheological results showed that robust emulsion networks were formed when the NCC concentration increased. A network structure between the droplets and the development of the NCC network during the continuous phase were attributed to a gel-like behavior. Over the course of seven days, the emulsions with a higher proportion of NCC remained stable, as in samples 3%P-%N, 5%P-2%N, and 5%P@1%N, the total anthocyanin content decreased from 89.83% to 76.49%, 89.40% to 79.65, and 86.63% to 71.40%, respectively. These findings have significant implications for the accurate formulation of particle-stabilized double emulsions for anthocyanin delivery with higher stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thunnalin Winuprasith
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73070, Thailand; (P.K.); (J.S.)
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Santamarina AB, Calder PC, Estadella D, Pisani LP. Anthocyanins ameliorate obesity-associated metainflammation: Preclinical and clinical evidence. Nutr Res 2023; 114:50-70. [PMID: 37201432 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing rates of obesity worldwide call for intervention strategies to help control the pathophysiological consequences of weight gain. The use of natural foods and bioactive compounds has been suggested as such a strategy because of their recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For example, polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, are candidates for managing obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Obesity is well known for the presence of metainflammation, which has been labeled as an inflammatory activation that leads to a variety of metabolic disorders, usually related to increased oxidative stress. Considering this, anthocyanins may be promising natural compounds able to modulate several intracellular mechanisms, mitigating oxidative stress and metainflammation. A wide variety of foods and extracts rich in anthocyanins have become the focus of research in the field of obesity. Here, we bring together the current knowledge regarding the use of anthocyanins as an intervention tested in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials to modulate metainflammation. Most recent research applies a wide variety of extracts and natural sources of anthocyanins, in diverse experimental models, which represents a limitation of the research field. However, the literature is sufficiently consistent to establish that the in-depth molecular analysis of gut microbiota, insulin signaling, TLR4-triggered inflammation, and oxidative stress pathways reveals their modulation by anthocyanins. These targets are interconnected at the cellular level and interact with one another, leading to obesity-associated metainflammation. Thus, the positive findings with anthocyanins observed in preclinical models might directly relate to the positive outcomes in clinical studies. In summary and based on the entirety of the relevant literature, anthocyanins can mitigate obesity-related perturbations in gut microbiota, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and inflammation and therefore may contribute as a therapeutic tool in people living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline B Santamarina
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Debora Estadella
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Pisani
- Biosciences Department, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista - UNIFESP, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Nikolaichuk H, Choma IM, Morlock GE. Effect-Directed Profiling of Akebia quinata and Clitoria ternatea via High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, Planar Assays and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072893. [PMID: 37049655 PMCID: PMC10096148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Two herbal plants, Akebia quinata D. leaf/fruit and Clitoria ternatea L. flower, well-known in traditional medicine systems, were investigated using a non-target effect-directed profiling. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was combined with 11 different effect-directed assays, including two multiplex bioassays, for assessing their bioactivity. Individual active zones were heart-cut eluted for separation via an orthogonal high-performance liquid chromatography column to heated electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HESI-HRMS) for tentative assignment of molecular formulas according to literature data. The obtained effect-directed profiles provided information on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging, antibacterial (against Bacillus subtilis and Aliivibrio fischeri), enzyme inhibition (tyrosinase, α-amylase, β-glucuronidase, butyrylcholinesterase, and acetylcholinesterase), endocrine (agonists and antagonists), and genotoxic (SOS-Umu-C) activities. The main bioactive compound zones in A. quinata leaf were tentatively assigned to be syringin, vanilloloside, salidroside, α-hederin, cuneataside E, botulin, and oleanolic acid, while salidroside and quinatic acids were tentatively identified in the fruit. Taraxerol, kaempherol-3-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, and octadecenoic acid were tentatively found in the C. ternatea flower. This straightforward hyphenated technique made it possible to correlate the biological properties of the herbs with possible compounds. The meaningful bioactivity profiles contribute to a better understanding of the effects and to more efficient food control and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Nikolaichuk
- Chair of Food Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20031 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Bioanalytics, Faculty of Biomedicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego St. 8b, 20090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena M Choma
- Department of Chromatography, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Gertrud E Morlock
- Chair of Food Science, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Antiproliferative Effect of Clitoria ternatea Ethanolic Extract against Colorectal, Breast, and Medullary Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Clitoria ternatea is a native plant with medicinal and nutritive significance in Asia. The goal of this work was to examine the antiproliferative role of Clitoria ternatea against colorectal (HCT116), breast (MCF-7), and thyroid (TT) cancer cell lines at cellular and molecular levels. A phytochemical analysis, the cytotoxic effect, an apoptotic induction cell cycle analysis, and the expression level of GAX, DIABLO, and NAIP1 genes were assessed. The plant extract exhibited a clear cytotoxic action against the utilized cancer cell lines via a low IC50, foremost by means of cell cycle arrest at the pre-G0, G1, and S phases associated with an apoptotic induction. An apparent raise in the mRNA levels of GAX and DIABLO and a concomitant decrease in the NAIP1 mRNA level were observed in the used cancer cells treated with the IC50 of the plant extract. This study concluded that an ethanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea induced apoptotic cell death, suggesting that it could possibly be utilized as a new source of an apoptosis-inducing anticancer agent for colon, breast, and medullary thyroid cancer cell line treatments with further detailed studies.
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Santos LG, Alves-Silva GF, Martins VG. Active-intelligent and biodegradable sodium alginate films loaded with Clitoria ternatea anthocyanin-rich extract to preserve and monitor food freshness. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:866-877. [PMID: 35998854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and characterize sodium alginate films loaded with 10-40 % Clitoria ternatea extract (CTE) and apply to monitoring the quality of milk, pork and shrimp. Films loaded with CTE showed high light barrier capacity and improved tensile strength by 3.8 times over control films. The incorporation of CTE in alginate films improved the thermal stability of the materials due to intermolecular interactions and crosslinking of polymeric networks. The addition of 40 % of CTE generated films with antibacterial action against E. coli. The alginate films showed biodegradable characteristics in soil and beach sand in 15 days. The food simulant test revealed that the loaded films show good compatibility with aqueous and acidic foods due to the release of higher levels of polyphenols and anthocyanins. The films showed great colorimetric potential due to their ability to change color at different pH (pink-green), ammonia gas (blue-green) and sterilization process (blue-yellow). When the film loaded with 40 % CTE (F40) was applied to monitor the freshness of milk and meat products (shrimp and pork), its blue color changed to purple and green, respectively. Therefore, the F40 has great potential to be used as a biodegradable indicator of freshness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Gustavo Santos
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Fernanda Alves-Silva
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Vilásia Guimarães Martins
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Venter A, Fisher H, Stafford GI, Duodu KG. Pigmented flower extracts of plant species from the Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae families as natural food colourants: anthocyanin composition, thermal and oxidative stability. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Venter
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028 South Africa
| | - Hennie Fisher
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028 South Africa
| | - Gary I. Stafford
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of Pretoria Plant Sciences Complex, Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028 South Africa
| | - Kwaku Gyebi Duodu
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Private Bag X20 Hatfield 0028 South Africa
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Maneesai P, Chaihongsa N, Iampanichakul M, Meephat S, Prasatthong P, Bunbupha S, Wunpathe C, Pakdeechote P. Clitoria ternatea (Linn.) flower extract attenuates vascular dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy via modulation of Ang II/AT 1 R/TGF-β1 cascade in hypertensive rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2253-2261. [PMID: 34622460 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clitoria ternatea (CT) (the Fabaceae family) has been reported to elicit several biological responses, such as anti-inflammation and anti-depression effects. This study evaluated the effect of CT flower extract on blood pressure, vascular function, and left ventricular hypertrophy in a two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) rat model. Hypertensive rats were treated with CT extract at various doses (100, 300, or 500 mg kg-1 day-1 ) or losartan (10 mg kg-1 day-1 ) for 4 weeks (n = 8/group). RESULTS CT extract reduced blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner, and CT extract at a dose of 300 mg kg-1 was an effective concentration (P < 0.05). Augmentation of contractile responses to electrical field stimulation and impairment of vascular responses to acetylcholine in mesenteric vascular beds and aortic rings of 2K-1C rats were suppressed by treatment with CT extract or losartan (P < 0.05). Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and plasma angiotensin II concentration were high in 2K-1C rats but alleviated by CT extract or losartan treatment (P < 0.05). Increases in superoxide production and lipid peroxidation were attenuated in 2K-1C rats treated with CT extract or losartan compared with the untreated group (P < 0.05). Increased plasma concentration of nitric oxide metabolites was found in hypertensive rats that received CT extract or losartan. CT extract or losartan suppressed the overexpression of Ang II receptor subtype I (AT1 -R) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in 2K-1C rats. CONCLUSION CT extract had antihypertensive effects that were associated with improving vascular function and cardiac hypertrophy in 2K-1C rats. The mechanisms involved suppression of the renin-angiotensin system, of oxidative stress, and of the AT1 R/TGF-β1 cascade. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putcharawipa Maneesai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Nisita Chaihongsa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Metee Iampanichakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sariya Meephat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patoomporn Prasatthong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarawoot Bunbupha
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Chutamas Wunpathe
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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13
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Manzoor MF, Hussain A, Tazeddinova D, Abylgazinova A, Xu B. Assessing the Nutritional-Value-Based Therapeutic Potentials and Non-Destructive Approaches for Mulberry Fruit Assessment: An Overview. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:6531483. [PMID: 35371246 PMCID: PMC8970939 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6531483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Among different fruits, mulberry is the most highlighted natural gift in its superior nutritional and bioactive composition, indispensable for continuing a healthy life. It also acts as a hepatoprotective immunostimulator and improves vision, anti-microbial, anti-cancer agent, anti-stress activity, atherosclerosis, neuroprotective functions, and anti-obesity action. The mulberry fruits also help reduce neurological disorders and mental illness. The main reason for that is the therapeutic potentials present in the nutritional components of the mulberry fruit. The available methods for assessing mulberry fruits are mainly chromatographic based, which are destructive and possess many limitations. However, recently some non-invasive techniques, including chlorophyll fluorescence, image processing, and hyperspectral imaging, were employed to detect various mulberry fruit attributes. The present review attempts to collect and explore available information regarding the nutritional and medicinal importance of mulberry fruit. Besides, non-destructive methods established for the fruit are also elaborated. This work helps encourage many more research works to dug out more hidden information about the essential nutrition of mulberry that can be helpful to resolve many mental-illness-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abid Hussain
- Department of Agriculture and Food Technology, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan
| | - Diana Tazeddinova
- Department of Technology and Catering Organization, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
- Higher School of Technologies of Food and Processing Productions, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan
| | - Aizhan Abylgazinova
- Higher School of Technologies of Food and Processing Productions, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan
- Scientific-Production Center of Livestock and Veterinary Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Bin Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Effect of Radiofrequency Pre-treatment on the Extraction of Bioactives from Clitoria ternatea and Hibiscus rosa sinensis and Insights to Enzyme Inhibitory Activities. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Vidana Gamage GC, Lim YY, Choo WS. Anthocyanins From Clitoria ternatea Flower: Biosynthesis, Extraction, Stability, Antioxidant Activity, and Applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:792303. [PMID: 34975979 PMCID: PMC8718764 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.792303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Clitoria ternatea plant is commonly grown as an ornamental plant and possesses great medicinal value. Its flower is edible and also known as blue pea or butterfly pea flower. The unique feature of anthocyanins present in blue pea flowers is the high abundance of polyacylated anthocyanins known as ternatins. Ternatins are polyacylated derivatives of delphinidin 3,3',5'-triglucoside. This review covers the biosynthesis, extraction, stability, antioxidant activity, and applications of anthocyanins from Clitoria ternatea flower. Hot water extraction of dried or fresh petals of blue pea flower could be employed successfully to extract anthocyanins from blue pea flower for food application. Blue pea flower anthocyanins showed good thermal and storage stability, but less photostability. Blue pea flower anthocyanins also showed an intense blue colour in acidic pH between pH 3.2 to pH 5.2. Blue pea flower anthocyanin extracts demonstrate significant in vitro and cellular antioxidant activities. Blue pea flower anthocyanins could be used as a blue food colourant in acidic and neutral foods. The incorporation of blue pea flower anthocyanins in food increased the functional properties of food such as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Blue pea flower anthocyanins have also been used in intelligent packaging. A comparison of blue pea flower anthocyanins with two other natural blue colouring agents used in the food industry, spirulina or phycocyanin and genipin-derived pigments is also covered. Anthocyanins from blue pea flowers are promising natural blue food colouring agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wee Sim Choo
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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16
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de Moura C, Kabbas Junior T, Pedreira FRDO, Azevedo L, Furtado MM, Sant'Ana AS, Franchin M, Gonzaga VR, Cui Y, Wen M, Zhang L, Pereira RP, Granato D. Purple tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) leaves as a potential functional ingredient: From extraction of phenolic compounds to cell-based antioxidant/biological activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 159:112668. [PMID: 34774677 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A statistical optimization study was used to maximize the extraction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity from green tea derived from purple leaves of Camellia sinensis var. assamica. Simultaneous optimization was applied, and a combination of 60 °C, 15 min, and a mass-solvent ratio of 1 g of dehydrated purple leaves to 62.3 mL of an ethanol/citric acid solution, were determined as the ideal extraction conditions. The optimized extract of purple tea leaves (OEPL) contained showed stability in relation to variations in pH, and lyophilized OEPL exerted cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against cancerous cells (A549 and HCT8), demonstrated antimicrobial activity towards Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 7644), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 13565) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12288), inhibition of α-amylase and α-glycosidase enzymes and reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, CXCL2/MIP-2, and IL-6) in lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Thus, our results provide a broad assessment of the bioactivity of "green" extracts obtained by a simple and low-cost process using non-toxic solvents, and they have the potential to be used for technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane de Moura
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Tufy Kabbas Junior
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rafaelly de O Pedreira
- LANTIN - Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis in vivo Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- LANTIN - Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis in vivo Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - Marianna M Furtado
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Yuqing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, China
| | - Romaiana P Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
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17
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Mariutti LRB, Rebelo KS, Bisconsin-Junior A, de Morais JS, Magnani M, Maldonade IR, Madeira NR, Tiengo A, Maróstica MR, Cazarin CBB. The use of alternative food sources to improve health and guarantee access and food intake. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110709. [PMID: 34600699 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To feed and provide Food Security to all people in the world is a big challenge to be achieved with the 2030 Agenda. Undernutrition and obesity are to the opposite of a healthy nutritional status. Both conditions are associated with unbalanced nutrition, absence of food or excess of non-nutritive foods intake. These two nutritional conditions associated with food production are closely related to some goals highlighted by the United Nations in the 2030 Agenda to achieve sustainable world development. In this context, the search for alternative foods whose sustainable production and high nutritional quality guarantee regular access to food for the population must be encouraged. Alternative foods can contribute to Food Security in many ways as they contribute to the local economy and income generation. Popularizing and demystifying the uses of unconventional food plants, ancestral grains, flowers, meliponiculture products, and edible insects as sources of nutrients and non-nutrients is another challenge. Herein, we present an overview of alternative foods - some of them cultivated mostly in Brazil - that can be explored as sources of nutrients to fight hunger and malnutrition, improve food production and the economic growth of nations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Bisconsin-Junior
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Federal Institute of Rondônia, Ariquemes/RO, Brazil
| | - Janne Santos de Morais
- Department of Food Engineering Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Department of Food Engineering Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Nuno Rodrigo Madeira
- Laboratory of Food Science and Techonology, Embrapa Hortaliças, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Andrea Tiengo
- Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí, Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil
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18
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Clitoria ternatea Flower Extract Attenuates Postprandial Lipemia and Increases Plasma Antioxidant Status Responses to a High-Fat Meal Challenge in Overweight and Obese Participants. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100975. [PMID: 34681074 PMCID: PMC8533577 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Supplementation of high-fat meals with edible plants is the principal strategy to control postprandial dysmetabolism and inflammation. This study demonstrated that consumption of Clitoria ternatea flower extract (CTE) decreased postprandial serum triglyceride and serum free fatty acids, and improved plasma antioxidant status and glutathione peroxidase activity responses to a high-fat meal challenge in overweight and obese participants. However, CTE could not reduce the effect of HF meal-induced increase in postprandial glycemia and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The findings of the present study suggest that CTE may be used as an effective ingredient to suppress postprandial lipemia and improve the antioxidant status in overweight and obese individuals that frequently consume HF diets. Abstract High-fat (HF) meal-induced postprandial lipemia, oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation is exacerbated in overweight and obese individuals. This postprandial dysmetabolism contributes to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Clitoria ternatea flower extract (CTE) possesses antioxidant potential and carbohydrate and fat digestive enzyme inhibitory activity in vitro. However, no evidence supporting a favorable role of CTE in the modulation of postprandial lipemia, antioxidant status and inflammation in humans presently exists. In the present study, we determine the effect of CTE on changes in postprandial glycemic and lipemic response, antioxidant status and pro-inflammatory markers in overweight and obese men after consumption of an HF meal. Following a randomized design, sixteen participants (age, 23.5 ± 0.6 years, and BMI, 25.7 ± 0.7 kg/m2) were assigned to three groups that consumed the HF meal, or HF meal supplemented by 1 g and 2 g of CTE. Blood samples were collected at fasting state and then at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min after the meal consumption. No significant differences were observed in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for postprandial glucose among the three groups. Furthermore, 2 g of CTE decreased the iAUC for serum triglyceride and attenuated postprandial serum free fatty acids at 360 min after consuming the HF meal. In addition, 2 g of CTE significantly improved the iAUC for plasma antioxidant status, as characterized by increased postprandial plasma FRAP and thiol levels. Postprandial plasma glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher at 180 min after the consumption of HF meal with 2 g of CTE. No significant differences in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) were observed at 360 min among the three groups. These findings suggest that CTE can be used as a natural ingredient for reducing postprandial lipemia and improving the antioxidant status in overweight and obese men after consuming HF meals.
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19
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Fidelis M, Granato D. Technological applications of phenolic-rich extracts for the development of non-dairy foods and beverages. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 98:101-123. [PMID: 34507640 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and other vegetables are sources of bioactive compounds, especially carotenoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. With the focus on sustainability, these compounds' recovery has become a research trend in the last 20 years. However, the correct use of solvents and the steps required to assess the extracts' suitability to be added in food models have been poorly described. Thus, in this review, we attempt to show the pathways and provide guidance on the tailored-made use of solvents for recovering bioactive polyphenolic compounds from food matrices. Special attention is given to the toxicological safety of polyphenol-rich extracts and also their impacts on bioactivity and sensory acceptance of foods and beverages. Practical examples are described and commented on the applications of polyphenol-rich extracts in non-dairy foods and beverages. In summary, the alliance among food science, food technologies, biochemistry, and pharmacology are required to make the development of non-dairy polyphenol-rich foods feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fidelis
- Food Processing and Quality, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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20
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Influence of amylose content on phenolics fortification of different rice varieties with butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) flower extract through parboiling. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Saengnak B, Kanla P, Samrid R, Berkban T, Mothong W, Pakdeechote P, Prachaney P. Clitoria ternatea L. extract prevents kidney damage by suppressing the Ang II/Nox4/oxidative stress cascade in l-NAME-induced hypertension model of rats. Ann Anat 2021; 238:151783. [PMID: 34144158 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Clitoria ternatia L. (CT) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study investigated the effect of CT aqueous flower extract on blood pressure and renal alterations in Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats received l-NAME in drinking water and were treated with CT flower extract or lisinopril. CT aqueous flower extract and lisinopril alleviated l-NAME-induced hypertension (p < 0.05). Glomerular extracellular matrix accumulation, renal fibrosis, and increased serum creatinine levels were observed in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats and attenuated by CT flower extract or lisinopril co-treatment (p < 0.05). High levels of plasma angiotensin II (Ang II) and upregulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) protein expression in the kidneys induced by l-NAME were alleviated by CT flower extract or lisinopril co-treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CT flower extract and lisinopril treatment reduced lipid peroxidation and elevated plasma and kidney malondialdehyde levels in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CT flower extract prevented l-NAME-induced renal injury and dysfunction in rats. The possible mechanism may be related to the suppression of Ang II-mediated Nox4 expression and the oxidative stress cascade in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benchaporn Saengnak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Pipatpong Kanla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Rarinthorn Samrid
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thewarid Berkban
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilaiwan Mothong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Parichat Prachaney
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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22
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do Carmo MAV, Fidelis M, de Oliveira PF, Feitoza LQ, Marques MJ, Ferreira EB, Oh WY, Shahidi F, Hellström J, Almeida LA, Novaes RD, Granato D, Azevedo L. Ellagitannins from jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) seeds attenuated inflammation, oxidative stress, aberrant crypt foci, and modulated gut microbiota in rats with 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112287. [PMID: 34058233 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since dietary factors are thought to be responsible for high colon cancer risk, we investigated the chemopreventive effect of jabuticaba seed extract (LJE) by administering yogurt with or without LJE against 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. Results showed that LJE contained a total phenolic content of 57.16 g/100 g of seed extract in which 7.67 and 10.09 g/100 g represented total flavonoids and ellagitannins, respectively. LJE protected DNA and human LDL against induced in vitro oxidation, which was associated with the ellagitannin content and with the free-radical scavenging and reducing capacities. LJE alone had a non-clastogenicity/aneugenicity property, but in combination with cisplatin, it enhanced the chromosome aberrations in cancer cells. In colon cancer-induced rats, yogurt with or without LJE caused a reduction in pro-inflammatory parameters, decreased the RNA expression of antiapoptotic cytokines and increased the expression of proapoptotic cytokines. Moreover, LJE attenuated colon cancer initiation and progression by decreasing aberrant crypt foci and LJE recovered the gut microbiome. Together, this evidence suggests that LJE provides chemopreventive protection against colon cancer development by reducing inflammation and increasing proapoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Fidelis
- Food Processing and Quality, Innovative Food System, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Lais Quellen Feitoza
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Marques
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Eric Batista Ferreira
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Won Young Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Jarkko Hellström
- Food Processing and Quality, Innovative Food System, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leonardo Augusto Almeida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Food Processing and Quality, Innovative Food System, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
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Abstract
Edible flowers have been widely consumed for ages until now. The attractive colors and shapes, exotic aroma, and delightful taste make edible flowers very easy to attain. Moreover, they also provide health benefits for consumers due to the unique composition and concentration of antioxidant compounds in the matrices. Knowing the bioactive compounds and their functional properties from edible flowers is necessary to diversify the usage and reach broader consumers. Therefore, this reported review could be useful for functional product development, engaging the discussed edible flowers. We present a comprehensive review of edible flower composition and the functional properties of their antioxidant compounds, mainly phenolics.
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Maneesai P, Iampanichakul M, Chaihongsa N, Poasakate A, Potue P, Rattanakanokchai S, Bunbupha S, Chiangsaen P, Pakdeechote P. Butterfly Pea Flower ( Clitoria ternatea Linn.) Extract Ameliorates Cardiovascular Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Nitric Oxide-Deficient Hypertensive Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:523. [PMID: 33801631 PMCID: PMC8065438 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examine whether Clitoria ternatea Linn. (CT) can prevent Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)-induced cardiac and vascular dysfunction in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given L-NAME (40 mg/kg, drinking water) and orally administered with CT extract (300 mg/kg/day) or lisinopril (2.5 mg/kg/day) for 5 weeks. The main phytochemical components of the CT extract were found to be flavonoids. The CT extract alleviated the high blood pressure in rats receiving L-NAME. Decreased vasorelaxation responses to acetylcholine and enhanced contractile responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation in aortic rings and mesenteric vascular beds of L-NAME treated rats were ameliorated by CT extract supplementation. Left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction were developed in L-NAME rats, which were partially prevented by CT extract treatment. The CT extract alleviated upregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, decreased plasma nitrate/nitrite levels, and increased oxidative stress in L-NAME rats. It suppressed high levels of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, plasma angiotensin II, and cardiac angiotensin II type 1 receptor, NADPH oxidases 2, nuclear factor-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression. The CT extract, therefore, partially prevented L-NAME-induced hypertension and cardiovascular alterations in rats. These effects might be related to a reduction in the oxidative stress and renin-angiotensin system activation due to L-NAME in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putcharawipa Maneesai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Metee Iampanichakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Nisita Chaihongsa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Anuson Poasakate
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Prapassorn Potue
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | | | - Sarawoot Bunbupha
- Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand;
| | | | - Poungrat Pakdeechote
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.M.); (M.I.); (N.C.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
- Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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25
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Chen HW, Chang YW, Fang WP. A New Approach for the Microencapsulation of Clitoria Ternatea Petal Extracts by a High-Pressure Processing Method. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:pharmaceutics13010023. [PMID: 33374428 PMCID: PMC7824060 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxic organic solvent residues and the active substances of thermal degradation (such as anthocyanin and polyphenols) are always a concern with the liposomes produced by traditional techniques. The present study focuses on a new approach for the microencapsulation of Clitoria ternatea petal (CTP) extracts, which contain anthocyanins, by high-pressure processing (HPP) at room temperature. Thus, a series of CTP liposomes were prepared and their physicochemical properties were analyzed by laser granulometry and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the average particle size of the liposomes after HPP treatment increased gradually from 300 MPa to 600 MPa, possibly due to the aggregation of liposomes and damage to the phospholipid bilayers. For the preparation of liposomes by the HPP method at 300 MPa, the mean particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency were 240.7 nm, 0.37, and 77.8%, respectively. The HPP method provided a number of advantages over conventional methods (magnet stirring and ultrasonication) as it could allow liposome preparation with higher encapsulation efficiency, smaller size, and narrower, more reproducible particle size distribution. Conclusively, microencapsulation in the liposomes was successfully achieved with the fast-adiabatic expansion of HPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Wei Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-9317498; Fax: +886-3-9357025
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Chen HW, Chang YW. Encapsulation of
Clitoria ternatea
extract in liposomes by synergistic combination of probe‐type ultrasonication and high‐pressure processing. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Ilan University Yilan Taiwan
| | - Yu Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Ilan University Yilan Taiwan
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Extraction methods of butterfly pea ( Clitoria ternatea) flower and biological activities of its phytochemicals. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:2054-2067. [PMID: 33967304 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04745-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Clitoria ternatea or commonly known as 'Butterfly pea' has been used traditionally in Ayurvedic medicine in which various parts of the plants are used to treat health issues such as indigestion, constipation, arthritis, skin diseases, liver and intestinal problems. The flowers of C. ternatea are used worldwide as ornamental flowers and traditionally used as a food colorant. This paper reviews the recent advances in the extraction and biological activities of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers. The application of maceration or ultrasound assisted extraction greatly increased the yield (16-247% of increase) of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers. Various phytochemicals such as kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin glycosides as well as anthocyanins have been isolated from C. ternatea flowers. Clitoria ternatea flower extracts were found to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antidiabetic activities which are beneficial to human health. Clitoria ternatea flower is a promising candidate for functional food applications owing to its wide range of pharmacotherapeutic properties as well as its safety and effectiveness.
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Willemann JR, Escher GB, Kaneshima T, Furtado MM, Sant'Ana AS, Vieira do Carmo MA, Azevedo L, Granato D. Response surface optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) seed coat based on chemical properties and bioactivity. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2358-2367. [PMID: 32645216 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Food companies should comply with the requirements of a zero-waste concept to adapt to the circular economy requirements. In fruit companies, usually seeds are discarded without proper utilization and extraction of the bioactive compounds. Fruit seeds are sources of chemical compounds that can be extracted, studied, and applied in high value-added products. Thus, in this work the experimental conditions for the water extraction of phenolic compounds from camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) seed coat were optimized using a central composite design and the desirability function. Total phenolic content (TPC), and condensed tannins (CT), DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP), Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity (FCRC), and Cu2+ chelating ability were assessed. Seed coat extracted for 51.1 min using a 1:34.1 solid:liquid ratio was the optimal condition to extract 6,242 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g of TPC and 695 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g of CT. The optimized extract displayed free-radical scavenging activity, reducing properties and ability to chelate Cu2+ , and inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the lyophilized water extract inhibited the in vitro activity of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and angiotensin converting enzyme and showed cytotoxic effects towards Caco-2, A549, and HepG2 cancer cells, but no cytotoxicity towards IMR90 cells. Vescalagin, castalagin, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid were the major phenolic compounds identified in the optimized extract. In conclusion, the optimized camu-camu seed coat water extract is a rich source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antiproliferative effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Camu-camu fruit pulp and seeds have been studied for their phenolic composition and bioactivity. However, seeds are usually discarded and represent an environmental problem in South American countries. We presented a methodological overview on the extraction optimization of the phenolic compounds from camu-camu seed coat and studied the bioactivity of the optimized extract using chemical, enzymatic, and cell-based experiments. Results can be used by camu-camu processors to obtain a phenolic-rich extract for industrial applications, without any further processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Graziela Bragueto Escher
- Graduation School of Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Tai Kaneshima
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marianna Miranda Furtado
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Azevedo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Food Engineering, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.,Food Processing and Quality, Production Systems Unit-Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)-Tietotie 2, Espoo, Finland
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Response surface optimization of phenolic compounds from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora [Mart.] O.Berg) seeds: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive and cytotoxic assessments. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111439. [PMID: 32450285 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different solvents and maximize the extraction of bioactive compounds from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) seeds. In general, the solvent system composed of water and propanone (52:48 v/v) modified the extract polarity and increased extraction yield of bioactive compounds. The optimized extract presented antioxidant capacity measured by different chemical and biological assays. The optimized extract exerted antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against A549 and HCT8 cells, antimicrobial and antihemolytic effects, inhibited α-amylase/α-glucosidase activities and presented in vitro antihypertensive effect. Nonetheless, the optimized extract showed no cytotoxicity in a human cell model (IMR90). Vescalagin, castalagin and ellagic acid were the major phenolic compounds in the optimized extract. Our results show that jabuticaba seed may be a potential ingredient for the development of potentially functional foods.
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de Morais JS, Sant'Ana AS, Dantas AM, Silva BS, Lima MS, Borges GC, Magnani M. Antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds in white, red, blue, purple, yellow and orange edible flowers through a simulated intestinal barrier. Food Res Int 2020; 131:109046. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Granato D, Mocan A, Câmara JS. Is a higher ingestion of phenolic compounds the best dietary strategy? A scientific opinion on the deleterious effects of polyphenols in vivo. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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