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Wang Z, Gao J, Xu C. Targeting metabolism to influence cellular senescence a promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116962. [PMID: 38936195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are considered the hallmarks of cancer and metabolic reprogramming is emerging as a new strategy for cancer treatment. Exogenous and endogenous stressors can induce cellular senescence; the interactions between cellular senescence and systemic metabolism are dynamic. Cellular senescence disrupts metabolic homeostasis in various tissues, which further promotes senescence, creating a vicious cycle facilitating tumor occurrence, recurrence, and altered outcomes of anticancer treatments. Therefore, the regulation of cellular senescence and related secretory phenotypes is considered a breakthrough in cancer therapy; moreover, proteins involved in the associated pathways are prospective therapeutic targets. Although studies on the association between cellular senescence and tumors have emerged in recent years, further elucidation of this complex correlation is required for comprehensive knowledge. In this paper, we review the research progress on the correlation between cell aging and metabolism, focusing on the strategies of targeting metabolism to modulate cellular senescence and the progress of relevant research in the context of anti-tumor therapy. Finally, we discuss the significance of improving the specificity and safety of anti-senescence drugs, which is a potential challenge in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jianwen Gao
- College of Health Management, Shanghai Jian Qiao University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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2
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Tranah GJ, Barnes HN, Cawthon PM, Coen PM, Esser KA, Hepple RT, Huo Z, Kramer PA, Toledo FGS, Evans DS, Cummings SR. Expression of mitochondrial oxidative stress response genes in muscle is associated with mitochondrial respiration, physical performance, and muscle mass in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.05.23298108. [PMID: 37986804 PMCID: PMC10659517 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.05.23298108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression in skeletal muscle of older individuals may reflect compensatory adaptations in response to oxidative damage that preserve tissue integrity and maintain function. Identifying associations between oxidative stress response gene expression patterns and mitochondrial function, physical performance, and muscle mass in older individuals would further our knowledge of mechanisms related to managing molecular damage that may be targeted to preserve physical resilience. To characterize expression patterns of genes responsible for the oxidative stress response, RNA was extracted and sequenced from skeletal muscle biopsies collected from 575 participants (≥70 years old) from the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging. Expression levels of twenty-one protein coding RNAs related to the oxidative stress response were analyzed in relation to six phenotypic measures, including: maximal mitochondrial respiration from muscle biopsies (Max OXPHOS), physical performance (VO2 peak, 400m walking speed, and leg strength), and muscle size (thigh muscle volume and whole-body D3Cr muscle mass). The mRNA level of the oxidative stress response genes most consistently associated across outcomes are preferentially expressed within the mitochondria. Higher expression of mRNAs that encode generally mitochondria located proteins SOD2, TRX2, PRX3, PRX5, and GRX2 were associated with higher levels of mitochondrial respiration and VO2 peak. In addition, greater SOD2, PRX3, and GRX2 expression was associated with higher physical performance and muscle size. Identifying specific mechanisms associated with high functioning across multiple performance and physical domains may lead to targeted antioxidant interventions with greater impacts on mobility and independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tranah
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Haley N Barnes
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, Advent Health, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Ageing, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Philip A Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Frederico G S Toledo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Daniel S Evans
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Steven R Cummings
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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3
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Morris S, Molina-Riquelme I, Barrientos G, Bravo F, Aedo G, Gómez W, Lagos D, Verdejo H, Peischard S, Seebohm G, Psathaki OE, Eisner V, Busch KB. Inner mitochondrial membrane structure and fusion dynamics are altered in senescent human iPSC-derived and primary rat cardiomyocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148949. [PMID: 36493857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunction of the aging heart is a major cause of death in the human population. Amongst other tasks, mitochondria are pivotal to supply the working heart with ATP. The mitochondrial inner membrane (IMM) ultrastructure is tailored to meet these demands and to provide nano-compartments for specific tasks. Thus, function and morphology are closely coupled. Senescent cardiomyocytes from the mouse heart display alterations of the inner mitochondrial membrane. To study the relation between inner mitochondrial membrane architecture, dynamics and function is hardly possible in living organisms. Here, we present two cardiomyocyte senescence cell models that allow in cellular studies of mitochondrial performance. We show that doxorubicin treatment transforms human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in an aged phenotype. The treated cardiomyocytes display double-strand breaks in the nDNA, have β-galactosidase activity, possess enlarged nuclei, and show p21 upregulation. Most importantly, they also display a compromised inner mitochondrial structure. This prompted us to test whether the dynamics of the inner membrane was also altered. We found that the exchange of IMM components after organelle fusion was faster in doxorubicin-treated cells than in control cells, with no change in mitochondrial fusion dynamics at the meso-scale. Such altered IMM morphology and dynamics may have important implications for local OXPHOS protein organization, exchange of damaged components, and eventually the mitochondrial bioenergetics function of the aged cardiomyocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Morris
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Schlossplatz 5, Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Isidora Molina-Riquelme
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Barrientos
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Francisco Bravo
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Geraldine Aedo
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Wileidy Gómez
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Daniel Lagos
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Hugo Verdejo
- Facultad de Medicina, División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Stefan Peischard
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Olympia Ekaterini Psathaki
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics, Integrated Bioimaging Facility, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Departmento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
| | - Karin B Busch
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Schlossplatz 5, Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
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Chronic metformin treatment decreases cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress with improved mitochondrial function. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7828-7845. [PMID: 33746115 PMCID: PMC8034968 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging impairs mitochondrial function that leads to greater cardiac injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Cardiac endoplasm reticulum (ER) stress increases with age and contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug that protects cardiac mitochondria during acute ER stress. We hypothesized that metformin treatment would improve preexisting mitochondrial dysfunction in aged hearts by attenuating ER stress, followed by a decrease in cardiac injury during subsequent ischemia and reperfusion. Male young (3 mo.) and aged mice (24 mo.) received metformin (300 mg/kg/day) dissolved in drinking water with sucrose (0.2 g/100 ml) as sweetener for two weeks versus sucrose vehicle alone. Cytosol, subsarcolemmal (SSM), and interfibrillar mitochondria (IFM) were isolated. In separate groups, cardioprotection was evaluated using ex vivo isolated heart perfusion with 25 min. global ischemia and 60 min. reperfusion. Infarct size was measured. The contents of CHOP and cleaved ATF6 were decreased in metformin-treated 24 mo. mice compared to vehicle, supporting a decrease in ER stress. Metformin treatment improved OXPHOS in IFM in 24 mo. using a complex I substrate. Metformin treatment decreased infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, metformin feeding decreased cardiac injury in aged mice during ischemia-reperfusion by improving pre-ischemic mitochondrial function via inhibition of ER stress.
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Tatarkova Z, de Baaij JHF, Grendar M, Aschenbach JR, Racay P, Bos C, Sponder G, Hoenderop JGJ, Röntgen M, Turcanova Koprusakova M, Kolisek M. Dietary Mg 2+ Intake and the Na +/Mg 2+ Exchanger SLC41A1 Influence Components of Mitochondrial Energetics in Murine Cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8221. [PMID: 33153064 PMCID: PMC7663288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes are among the most energy-intensive cell types. Interplay between the components of cellular magnesium (Mg) homeostasis and energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes is poorly understood. We have investigated the effects of dietary Mg content and presence/functionality of the Na+/Mg2+ exchanger SLC41A1 on enzymatic functions of selected constituents of the Krebs cycle and complexes of the electron transport chain (ETC). The activities of aconitate hydratase (ACON), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH), and ETC complexes CI-CV have been determined in vitro in mitochondria isolated from hearts of wild-type (WT) and Slc41a1-/- mice fed a diet with either normal or low Mg content. Our data demonstrate that both, the type of Mg diet and the Slc41a1 genotype largely impact on the activities of enzymes of the Krebs cycle and ETC. Moreover, a compensatory effect of Slc41a1-/- genotype on the effect of low Mg diet on activities of the tested Krebs cycle enzymes has been identified. A machine-learning analysis identified activities of ICDH, CI, CIV, and CV as common predictors of the type of Mg diet and of CII as suitable predictor of Slc41a1 genotype. Thus, our data delineate the effect of dietary Mg content and of SLC41A1 functionality on the energy-production in cardiac mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Tatarkova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.T.); (P.R.)
| | - Jeroen H. F. de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (J.H.F.d.B.); (C.B.); (J.G.J.H.)
| | - Marian Grendar
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Jörg R. Aschenbach
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Peter Racay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (Z.T.); (P.R.)
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Caro Bos
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (J.H.F.d.B.); (C.B.); (J.G.J.H.)
| | - Gerhard Sponder
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (J.R.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Joost G. J. Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (J.H.F.d.B.); (C.B.); (J.G.J.H.)
| | - Monika Röntgen
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany;
| | | | - Martin Kolisek
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
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6
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No MH, Heo JW, Yoo SZ, Kim CJ, Park DH, Kang JH, Seo DY, Han J, Kwak HB. Effects of aging and exercise training on mitochondrial function and apoptosis in the rat heart. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:179-193. [PMID: 32048000 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with vulnerability to cardiovascular diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Exercise training is associated with benefits against chronic cardiac diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aging and treadmill exercise training on mitochondrial function and apoptosis in the rat heart. Fischer 344 rats were divided into young sedentary (YS; n = 10, 4 months), young exercise (YE; n = 10, 4 months), old sedentary (OS; n = 10, 20 months), and old exercise (OE; n = 10, 20 months) groups. Exercise training groups ran on a treadmill at 15 m/min (young) or 10 m/min (old), 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Morphological parameters, mitochondrial function, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis were analyzed in cardiac muscle. Mitochondrial O2 respiratory capacity and Ca2+ retention capacity gradually decreased, and mitochondrial H2O2 emitting potential significantly increased with aging. Exercise training attenuated aging-induced mitochondrial H2O2 emitting potential and mitochondrial O2 respiratory capacity, while protecting Ca2+ retention in the old groups. Aging triggered imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics and excess mitophagy, while exercise training ameliorated the aging-induced imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics and excess mitophagy. Aging induced increase in Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels, while decreasing Bcl-2 levels. Exercise training protected against the elevation of apoptotic signaling markers by decreasing Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and increasing Bcl-2 protein levels, while decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive myonuclei. These data demonstrate that regular exercise training prevents aging-induced impairment of mitochondrial function and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in cardiac muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyun No
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Heo
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Zi Yoo
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physiology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Park
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Toxicology Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Dae-Yun Seo
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
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Kaplán P, Tatarková Z, Lichardusová L, Kmeťová Sivoňová M, Tomašcová A, Račay P, Lehotský J. Age-Associated Changes in Antioxidants and Redox Proteins of Rat Heart. Physiol Res 2019; 68:883-892. [PMID: 31647296 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and decline in cellular redox regulation have been hypothesized to play a key role in cardiovascular aging; however, data on antioxidant and redox regulating systems in the aging heart are controversial. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of aging on critical antioxidant enzymes and two major redox-regulatory systems glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) system in hearts from adult (6-month-old), old (15-month-old), and senescent (26-month-old) rats. Aging was associated with a non-uniform array of changes, including decline in contents of reduced GSH and total mercaptans in the senescent heart. The activities of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) exhibited an age-related decline, whereas catalase was unchanged and Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) displayed only slight decrease in old heart and was unchanged in the senescent heart. GR, Trx, and peroxiredoxin levels were significantly reduced in old and/or senescent hearts, indicating a diminished expression of these proteins. In contrast, SOD2 level was unchanged in the old heart and was slightly elevated in the senescent heart. Decline in GPx activity was accompanied by a loss of GPx level only in old rats, the level in senescent heart was unchanged. These results indicate age-related posttranslational protein modification of SOD2 and GPx. In summary, our data suggest that changes are more pronounced in senescent than in old rat hearts and support the view that aging is associated with disturbed redox balance that could alter cellular signaling and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kaplán
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic.
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8
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Emelyanova L, Preston C, Gupta A, Viqar M, Negmadjanov U, Edwards S, Kraft K, Devana K, Holmuhamedov E, O'Hair D, Tajik AJ, Jahangir A. Effect of Aging on Mitochondrial Energetics in the Human Atria. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:608-616. [PMID: 28958065 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy production in myocardial cells occurs mainly in the mitochondrion. Although alterations in mitochondrial functions in the senescent heart have been documented, the molecular bases for the aging-associated decline in energy metabolism in the human heart are not fully understood. In this study, we examined transcription profiles of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins in atrial tissue from aged (≥65 years old) and comorbidities-matched adult (<65 years old) patients with preserved left ventricular function. We also correlated changes in functional activity of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes with gene expression changes. There was significant alteration in the expression of 10% (101/1,008) of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins, with 86% downregulated (87/101). Forty-nine percent of the altered genes were confined to mitochondrial energetic pathways. These changes were associated with a significant decrease in respiratory capacity of mitochondria oxidizing glutamate and malate and functional activity of complex I activity that correlated with the downregulation of NDUFA6, NDUFA9, NDUFB5, NDUFB8, and NDUFS2 genes coding for NADH dehydrogenase subunits. Thus, aging is associated with a decline in activity of OXPHOS within the broader transcriptional downregulation of genes regulating mitochondrial energetics, providing a substrate for reduced energetic efficiency in the senescent human atria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Emelyanova
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Claudia Preston
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anu Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Maria Viqar
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ulugbek Negmadjanov
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Stacie Edwards
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kelsey Kraft
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kameswari Devana
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ekhson Holmuhamedov
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel O'Hair
- Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - A Jamil Tajik
- Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Arshad Jahangir
- Center for Integrative Research on Cardiovascular Aging, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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9
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Power AS, Norman R, Jones TLM, Hickey AJ, Ward ML. Mitochondrial function remains impaired in the hypertrophied right ventricle of pulmonary hypertensive rats following short duration metoprolol treatment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214740. [PMID: 30964911 PMCID: PMC6456253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) increases the work of the right ventricle (RV) and causes right-sided heart failure. This study examined RV mitochondrial function and ADP transfer in PH animals advancing to right heart failure, and investigated a potential therapy with the specific β1-adrenergic-blocker metoprolol. Adult Wistar rats (317 ± 4 g) were injected either with monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg kg-1) to induce PH, or with an equivalent volume of saline for controls (CON). At three weeks post-injection the MCT rats began oral metoprolol (10 mg kg-1 day-1-) or placebo treatment until heart failure was observed in the MCT group. Mitochondrial function was then measured using high-resolution respirometry from permeabilised RV fibres. Relative to controls, MCT animals had impaired mitochondrial function but maintained coupling between myofibrillar ATPases and mitochondria, despite an increase in ADP diffusion distances. Cardiomyocytes from the RV of MCT rats were enlarged, primarily due to an increase in myofibrillar protein. The ratio of mitochondria per myofilament area was decreased in both MCT groups (p ≤ 0.05) in comparison to control (CON: 1.03 ± 0.04; MCT: 0.74 ± 0.04; MCT + BB: 0.74 ± 0.03). This not only implicates impaired energy production in PH, but also increases the diffusion distance for metabolites within the MCT cardiomyocytes, adding an additional hindrance to energy supply. Together, these changes may limit energy supply in MCT rat hearts, particularly at high cardiac workloads. Metoprolol treatment did not delay the onset of heart failure symptoms, improve mitochondrial function, or regress RV hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia S. Power
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (M-L W); (ASP)
| | - Ruth Norman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy L. M. Jones
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J. Hickey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marie-Louise Ward
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (M-L W); (ASP)
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10
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Tamura Y, Matsunaga Y, Kitaoka Y, Hatta H. Effects of Heat Stress Treatment on Age-dependent Unfolded Protein Response in Different Types of Skeletal Muscle. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:299-308. [PMID: 27071782 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and subsequently activated responses (mitochondrial/ER unfolded protein responses; UPRmt/UPRER), are involved in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. To extend both basic and translational knowledge, we examined (i) whether age-induced mitochondrial and ER stress depend on skeletal muscle type in mice and (ii) whether heat stress treatment, a suggested strategy for sarcopenia, improves age-induced mitochondrial and ER stress. Aged (21-month-old) mice showed more severe mitochondrial stress and UPRmt than young (12-week-old) mice, based on increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial proteases, and mitochondrial E3 ubiquitin ligase. The aged mice also showed ER stress and UPRER, based on decreased ER enzymes and increased ER stress-related cell death. These changes were much more evident in soleus muscle than in gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. After daily heat stress treatment (40 °C chamber for 30 minutes per day) for 4 weeks, mice showed remarkable improvements in age-related changes in soleus muscle. Heat stress had only minor effects in gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. Based on these findings, age-associated mitochondrial stress, ER stress, and UPRmt/ER vary qualitatively with skeletal muscle type. Our results suggest a molecular basis for the beneficial effects of heat stress on muscle atrophy with age in soleus muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tamura
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yu Kitaoka
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Hatta
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Escobales N, Nuñez RE, Jang S, Parodi-Rullan R, Ayala-Peña S, Sacher JR, Skoda EM, Wipf P, Frontera W, Javadov S. Mitochondria-targeted ROS scavenger improves post-ischemic recovery of cardiac function and attenuates mitochondrial abnormalities in aged rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 77:136-46. [PMID: 25451170 PMCID: PMC4312194 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of aging and age-associated diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of XJB-5-131 (XJB), a mitochondria-targeted ROS and electron scavenger, on cardiac resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced oxidative stress in aged rats. Male adult (5-month old, n=17) and aged (29-month old, n=19) Fischer Brown Norway (F344/BN) rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: adult (A), adult+XJB (AX), aged (O), and aged+XJB (OX). XJB was administered 3 times per week (3mg/kg body weight, IP) for four weeks. At the end of the treatment period, cardiac function was continuously monitored in excised hearts using the Langendorff technique for 30 min, followed by 20 min of global ischemia, and 60-min reperfusion. XJB improved post-ischemic recovery of aged hearts, as evidenced by greater left ventricular developed-pressures and rate-pressure products than the untreated, aged-matched group. The state 3 respiration rates at complexes I, II and IV of mitochondria isolated from XJB-treated aged hearts were 57% (P<0.05), 25% (P<0.05) and 28% (P<0.05), respectively, higher than controls. Ca(2+)-induced swelling, an indicator of permeability transition pore opening, was reduced in the mitochondria of XJB-treated aged rats. In addition, XJB significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced depolarization of the mitochondrial inner membrane as well as the total and mitochondrial ROS levels in cultured cardiomyocytes. This study underlines the importance of mitochondrial ROS in aging-induced cardiac dysfunction and suggests that targeting mitochondrial ROS may be an effective therapeutic approach to protect the aged heart against IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Escobales
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Rebeca E Nuñez
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Sehwan Jang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Rebecca Parodi-Rullan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Sylvette Ayala-Peña
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Joshua R Sacher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erin M Skoda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Walter Frontera
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
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12
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Cebe T, Yanar K, Atukeren P, Ozan T, Kuruç AI, Kunbaz A, Sitar ME, Mengi M, Aydın MŞ, Eşrefoğlu M, Aydın S, Çakatay U. A comprehensive study of myocardial redox homeostasis in naturally and mimetically aged rats. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 36:9728. [PMID: 25384832 PMCID: PMC4226800 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Age-related myocardial dysfunction has important implications with impaired redox homeostasis. Current study focused on investigation of redox homeostasis and histopathological changes in the myocardium of mimetically (MA), naturally aged (NA), and young control (YC) rats. Chronic D-galactose administration to young male Wistar rats (5 months old) was used to set up experimental aging models. We investigated 16 different oxidative damage biomarkers which have evaluated redox homeostasis of cellular macromolecules such as protein, lipid, and DNA. As a protein oxidation biomarker, advanced oxidation end products, protein carbonyl groups, protein-bound advanced glycation end products, dityrosine, kynurenine, and N-formylkynurenine concentrations in MA and NA rats were found to be significantly higher compared to those in YC rats. On the other hand, the levels of protein thiol groups were not significantly different between groups, whereas lipid peroxidation biomarkers such as conjugated diens, lipid hydroperoxides, and malondialdehyde in MA and NA rats were found to be significantly higher in comparison to those in YCs. For the assessment of oxidative DNA damage, we analyzed eight hydroxy-5'-deoxyguanosine concentrations of MA and NA groups which were higher than YCs. As an antioxidant status in the MA and NA groups, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and total thiol levels were lower than those in the YCs. Only nonprotein thiol levels were not significantly different. We also observed similar histopathological changes in MA and NA rats. We concluded that the mimetic aging model could be considered as a reliable experimental model for myocardial senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Cebe
- />Basic Sciences, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karolin Yanar
- />Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Pınar Atukeren
- />Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Tuna Ozan
- />Basic Sciences, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Irmak Kuruç
- />Basic Sciences, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmad Kunbaz
- />Basic Sciences, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erinç Sitar
- />Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Murat Mengi
- />Department of Physiology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şerif Aydın
- />Department of Histology and Embryology, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Eşrefoğlu
- />Department of Histology and Embryology, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seval Aydın
- />Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ufuk Çakatay
- />Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34098 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
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13
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Mulligan CM, Le CH, deMooy AB, Nelson CB, Chicco AJ. Inhibition of delta-6 desaturase reverses cardiolipin remodeling and prevents contractile dysfunction in the aged mouse heart without altering mitochondrial respiratory function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 69:799-809. [PMID: 24418793 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging results in a redistribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in myocardial phospholipids. In particular, a selective loss of linoleic acid (18:2n6) with reciprocal increases of long-chain PUFAs (eg, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids) in the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin correlates with cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and contractile impairment in aging and related pathologies. In this study, we demonstrate a reversal of this aged-related PUFA redistribution pattern in cardiac mitochondria from aged (25 months) C57Bl/6 mice by inhibition of delta-6 desaturase, the rate limiting enzyme in long-chain PUFA biosynthesis. Interestingly, delta-6 desaturase inhibition had no effect on age-related mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction, H2O2 release, or lipid peroxidation but markedly attenuated cardiac dilatation, hypertrophy, and contractile dysfunction in aged mice. Taken together, our studies indicate that PUFA metabolism strongly influences phospholipid remodeling and cardiac function but dissociates these processes from mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction and oxidant production in the aged mouse heart.
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14
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Chen X, Li J, Hou J, Xie Z, Yang F. Mammalian mitochondrial proteomics: insights into mitochondrial functions and mitochondria-related diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 7:333-45. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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15
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Gao XH, Qanungo S, Pai HV, Starke DW, Steller KM, Fujioka H, Lesnefsky EJ, Kerner J, Rosca MG, Hoppel CL, Mieyal JJ. Aging-dependent changes in rat heart mitochondrial glutaredoxins--Implications for redox regulation. Redox Biol 2013; 1:586-98. [PMID: 25126518 PMCID: PMC4127417 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical and animal studies have documented that hearts of the elderly are more susceptible to ischemia/reperfusion damage compared to young adults. Recently we found that aging-dependent increase in susceptibility of cardiomyocytes to apoptosis was attributable to decrease in cytosolic glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) and concomitant decrease in NF-κB-mediated expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Besides primary localization in the cytosol, Grx1 also exists in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS). In contrast, Grx2 is confined to the mitochondrial matrix. Here we report that Grx1 is decreased by 50–60% in the IMS, but Grx2 is increased by 1.4–2.6 fold in the matrix of heart mitochondria from elderly rats. Determination of in situ activities of the Grx isozymes from both subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM) mitochondria revealed that Grx1 was fully active in the IMS. However, Grx2 was mostly in an inactive form in the matrix, consistent with reversible sequestration of the active-site cysteines of two Grx2 molecules in complex with an iron–sulfur cluster. Our quantitative evaluations of the active/inactive ratio for Grx2 suggest that levels of dimeric Grx2 complex with iron–sulfur clusters are increased in SSM and IFM in the hearts of elderly rats. We found that the inactive Grx2 can be fully reactivated by sodium dithionite or exogenous superoxide production mediated by xanthine oxidase. However, treatment with rotenone, which generates intramitochondrial superoxide through inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I, did not lead to Grx2 activation. These findings suggest that insufficient ROS accumulates in the vicinity of dimeric Grx2 to activate it in situ. Glutaredoxins play key roles in cellular redox regulation, which is sensitive to aging-dependent dysregulation. Grx1 is diminished in the intermembrane space of mitochondria from aged heart; matrix Grx2 is increased but mostly in an inactive form. The inactive Grx2 is selectively activated by superoxide. Mitochondrial glutaredoxin changes may contribute to dysregulation of redox homeostasis during aging. Changes in in situ activities of heart mitochondrial Grx1 and Grx2 with aging provide mechanistic insights for future studies.
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Key Words
- Aging
- Cys-SSG, l-cysteine–glutathione mixed disulfide
- DT, sodium dithionite
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- GSSG, glutathione disulfide
- Glutaredoxin
- Glutathionylation
- Grx, glutaredoxin
- IFM, Heart interfibrillar mitochondria
- Iron–sulfur cluster
- Mitochondria
- Mn-TMPyP, Mn(III) tetrakis (1-methyl-4-pyridyl) porphyrin
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
- Redox regulation
- SSM, heart subsarcolemmal mitochondria
- t-Bid, caspase-8-cleaved human BID
- tetratosylate, hydroxide
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Huang Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Suparna Qanungo
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Harish V Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David W Starke
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kelly M Steller
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Hisashi Fujioka
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Janos Kerner
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mariana G Rosca
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Charles L Hoppel
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - John J Mieyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ; Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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16
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Das KC, Muniyappa H. Age-dependent mitochondrial energy dynamics in the mice heart: role of superoxide dismutase-2. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:947-59. [PMID: 23806974 PMCID: PMC4045457 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aging process alters cardiac physiology, decreases the number of cardiomyocytes and alters the energy metabolism. Mitochondrial dysfunction in aging is believed to cause these functional and phenotypic changes in the heart. Although precise understanding of alterations of mitochondrial respiration in aging is necessary to manage heart diseases in the elderly population conflicting data on the function of specific complex of electron transport chain of the heart mitochondria limits the intervention process. We have addressed these issues using the assay of mitochondrial coupling and electron flow to assess specific functional defects in mitochondria isolated from young or aged mice. Our results demonstrate that cardiac mitochondria from older mice utilize oxygen at a decreased rate via complex I, II or IV compared to younger mice. We further show that mitochondrial function decreases in young Sod2+/− mice heart compared to young wildtype mice. However, the mitochondrial function remains unchanged in older Sod2+/− mice heart compared to younger Sod2+/− mice heart. Further, the oxygen consumption remains similar in old wildtype mice and old Sod2+/− mice heart mitochondria. The expression and activity of Sod2 in young or old Sod2+/− mice heart remain unchanged. These data demonstrate that decreased oxygen utilization in older age could have resulted in decreased mitochondrial ROS-mediated oxidative damage requiring less Sod2 for protection against mitochondrial oxidative stress in older wildtype or older Sod2+/− mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuda C Das
- Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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17
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Lipidomic characterization of streptozotocin-induced heart mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrion 2013; 13:762-71. [PMID: 23665486 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial mitochondria dysfunction seems to represent an important pathogenic factor underlying cardiomyopathy, a common complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Despite significant progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial function in the heart, the interplay between phospholipids and membrane proteins of this organelle is still poorly comprehended. Using a well-characterized animal model of T1DM obtained by the administration of streptozotocin, phospholipid profiling of isolated mitochondria was performed using MS-based approaches, which was analyzed together with oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes activities and their susceptibility to oxidation, and the expression of cytochrome c, the uncoupling protein UCP-3 and the mitochondrial transcription factor Tfam. Although in higher amounts, mitochondria from T1DM heart presented lower OXPHOS activity and lower transcription ability. This profile was related to phospholipid (PL) remodeling characterized by higher phosphatidylcholine levels, lower phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and sphingomyelin content, higher amounts of long fatty acyl side chains and increased lipid peroxidation, particularly of cardiolipin (CL). CL peroxidation was paralleled by lower cytochrome c content. Though in higher levels, UCP-3 does not seem to protect heart mitochondrial PL and membrane proteins from the oxidative damage induced by four weeks of hyperglycemia. Taken together, our data suggest that PL remodeling of heart mitochondria is an early event in T1DM pathogenesis and is related with OXPHOS dysfunction.
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18
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Baraibar MA, Gueugneau M, Duguez S, Butler-Browne G, Bechet D, Friguet B. Expression and modification proteomics during skeletal muscle ageing. Biogerontology 2013; 14:339-52. [PMID: 23624703 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle ageing is characterized by a progressive and dramatic loss of muscle mass and strength leading to decreased muscular function resulting in muscle weakness which is often referred to as sarcopenia. Following the standardisation of "omics" approaches to study the genome (genomics) and the transcriptome (transcriptomics), the study of the proteins encoded by the genome, referred to as proteomics, is a tremendous challenge. Unlike the genome, the proteome varies in response to many physiological or pathological factors. In addition, the proteome is orders of magnitude more complex than the transcriptome due to post-translational modifications, protein oxidation and limited protein degradation. Proteomic studies, including the analysis of protein abundance as well as post-translational modified proteins have been shown to provide valuable information to unravel the key molecular pathways implicated in complex biological processes, such as tissue and organ ageing. In this article, we will describe proteomic approaches for the analysis of protein abundance as well as the specific protein targets for oxidative damage upon oxidative stress and/or during skeletal muscle ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Baraibar
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire du Vieillissement, UR4, UPMC Paris 6 University, 4 place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Korzick DH, Lancaster TS. Age-related differences in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury: effects of estrogen deficiency. Pflugers Arch 2013; 465:669-85. [PMID: 23525672 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite conflicting evidence for the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy in cardioprotection of postmenopausal women, numerous studies have demonstrated reductions in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury following chronic or acute exogenous estradiol (E2) administration in adult male and female, gonad-intact and gonadectomized animals. It has become clear that ovariectomized adult animals may not accurately represent the combined effects of age and E2 deficiency on reductions in ischemic tolerance seen in the postmenopausal female. E2 is known to regulate the transcription of several cardioprotective genes. Acute, non-genomic E2 signaling can also activate many of the same signaling pathways recruited in cardioprotection. Alterations in cardioprotective gene expression or cardioprotective signal transduction are therefore likely to result within the context of aging and E2 deficiency and may help explain the reduced ischemic tolerance and loss of cardioprotection in the senescent female heart. Quantification of the mitochondrial proteome as it adapts to advancing age and E2 deficiency may also represent a key experimental approach to uncover proteins associated with disruptions in cardiac signaling contributing to age-associated declines in ischemic tolerance. These alterations have important ramifications for understanding the increased morbidity and mortality due to ischemic cardiovascular disease seen in postmenopausal females. Functional perturbations that occur in mitochondrial respiration and Ca(2+) sensitivity with age-associated E2 deficiency may also allow for the identification of alternative therapeutic targets for reducing I/R injury and treatment of the leading cause of death in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna H Korzick
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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20
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Pathophysiological relevance of aldehydic protein modifications. J Proteomics 2013; 92:239-47. [PMID: 23438936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is growing body of evidence that oxidative stress, i.e. excess in production of reactive oxygen species, can lead to covalent modification of proteins with bioactive aldehydes that are mostly produced under lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus generated reactive aldehydes are considered as second messengers of free radicals because they react with major bioactive macromolecules, in particular with various humoral and cellular proteins changing their structure and functions. Therefore, the aldehydic-protein adducts, in particular those involving 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, malondialdehyde and acrolein can be valuable biomarkers of numerous pathophysiological processes. The development of immunochemical methods is increasing the possibilities to study such non-enzymatic protein modifications, on the one hand, while on the other hand the increase of knowledge on bioactivities of the aldehydes and their protein adducts might lead to better prevention, diagnosis and treatments of pathophysiological processes associated with lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in general. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Posttranslational Protein modifications in biology and Medicine.
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21
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Shi Y, Pulliam DA, Liu Y, Hamilton RT, Jernigan AL, Bhattacharya A, Sloane LB, Qi W, Chaudhuri A, Buffenstein R, Ungvari Z, Austad SN, Van Remmen H. Reduced mitochondrial ROS, enhanced antioxidant defense, and distinct age-related changes in oxidative damage in muscles of long-lived Peromyscus leucopus. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 304:R343-55. [PMID: 23325454 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00139.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Comparing biological processes in closely related species with divergent life spans is a powerful approach to study mechanisms of aging. The oxidative stress hypothesis of aging predicts that longer-lived species would have lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and/or an increased antioxidant capacity, resulting in reduced oxidative damage with age than in shorter-lived species. In this study, we measured ROS generation in the young adult animals of the long-lived white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus (maximal life span potential, MLSP = 8 yr) and the common laboratory mouse, Mus musculus (C57BL/6J strain; MLSP = 3.5 yr). Consistent with the hypothesis, our results show that skeletal muscle mitochondria from adult P. leucopus produce less ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) compared with M. musculus. Additionally, P. leucopus has an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase 1 at young age. P. leucopus compared with M. musculus display low levels of lipid peroxidation (isoprostanes) throughout life; however, P. leucopus although having elevated protein carbonyls at a young age, the accrual of protein oxidation with age is minimal in contrast to the linear increase in M. musculus. Altogether, the results from young animals are in agreement with the predictions of the oxidative stress hypothesis of aging with the exception of protein carbonyls. Nonetheless, the age-dependent increase in protein carbonyls is more pronounced in short-lived M. musculus, which supports enhanced protein homeostasis in long-lived P. leucopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shi
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
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22
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Impaired protein quality control system underlies mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2012; 1822:1189-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Han B, Hare M, Wickramasekara S, Fang Y, Maier CS. A comparative 'bottom up' proteomics strategy for the site-specific identification and quantification of protein modifications by electrophilic lipids. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5724-33. [PMID: 22842153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a mass spectrometry-based comparative "bottom up" proteomics approach that combines d(0)/d(4)-succinic anhydride labeling with commercially available hydrazine (Hz)-functionalized beads (Affi-gel Hz beads) for detection, identification and relative quantification of site-specific oxylipid modifications in biological matrices. We evaluated and applied this robust and simple method for the quantitative analysis of oxylipid protein conjugates in cardiac mitochondrial proteome samples isolated from 3- and 24-month-old rat hearts. The use of d(0)/d(4)-succinic anhydride labeling, Hz-bead based affinity enrichment, nanoLC fractionation and MALDI-ToF/ToF tandem mass spectrometry yielded relative quantification of oxylipid conjugates with residue-specific modification information. Conjugation of acrolein (ACR), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and 4-oxo-2-noneal (ONE) to cysteine, histidine and lysine residues were identified. HHE conjugates were the predominant subset of Michael-type adducts detected in this study. The HHE conjugates showed higher levels in mitochondrial preparations from young heart congruent with previous findings by others that the n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio is higher in young heart mitochondrial membranes. Although this study focuses on protein adducts of reactive oxylipids, the method might be equally applicable to protein carbonyl modifications caused by metal catalyzed oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingnan Han
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Hunter JC, Machikas AM, Korzick DH. Age-dependent reductions in mitochondrial respiration are exacerbated by calcium in the female rat heart. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 9:197-206. [PMID: 22555015 DOI: 10.1016/j.genm.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease mortality increases rapidly after menopause by poorly defined mechanisms. OBJECTIVE Because mitochondrial function and Ca(2+) sensitivity are important regulators of cell death after myocardial ischemia, we sought to determine whether aging and/or estrogen deficiency (ovariectomy) increased mitochondrial Ca(2+) sensitivity. METHODS Mitochondrial respiration was measured in ventricular mitochondria isolated from adult (6 months; n = 26) and aged (24 months; n = 25), intact or ovariectomized female rats using the substrates α-ketoglutarate/malate (complex I); succinate/rotenone (complex II); ascorbate/N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine/antimycin (complex IV). State 2 and 3 respiration was initiated by sequential addition of mitochondria and adenosine diphosphate. Ca(2+) sensitivity was assessed by Ca(2+)-induced swelling of de-energized mitochondria and reduction in state 3 respiration. Propylpyrazole triol (PPT) was administered intraperitoneally 45 minutes before euthanasia to assess mitochondrial protective effects through estrogen receptor (ER) α activation. RESULTS Aging decreased the respiratory control index (RCI; state 3/state 2) for complexes I and II by 12% and 8%, respectively, independent of ovary status (P < 0.05). Of interest, Ca(2+) induced a greater decrease (18%-30%; P < 0.05) in complex I state 3 respiration in aged and ovariectomized animals, and mitochondrial swelling occurred twice as quickly in aged (vs adult) female rats (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with PPT increased RCI by 8% and 7% at complexes I and II, respectively (P < 0.05) but surprisingly increased Ca(2+) sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Age-dependent decreases in RCI and sensitization to Ca(2+) may explain in part the age-associated reductions in female ischemic tolerance; however, protection afforded by ER agonism involves more complex mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Craig Hunter
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Gómez LA, Hagen TM. Age-related decline in mitochondrial bioenergetics: does supercomplex destabilization determine lower oxidative capacity and higher superoxide production? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2012; 23:758-67. [PMID: 22521482 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial decay plays a central role in the aging process. Although certainly multifactorial in nature, defective operation of the electron transport chain (ETC) constitutes a key mechanism involved in the age-associated loss of mitochondrial energy metabolism. Primarily, mitochondrial dysfunction affects the aging animal by limiting bioenergetic reserve capacity and/or increasing oxidative stress via enhanced electron leakage from the ETC. Even though the important aging characteristics of mitochondrial decay are known, the molecular events underlying inefficient electron flux that ultimately leads to higher superoxide appearance and impaired respiration are not completely understood. This review focuses on the potential role(s) that age-associated destabilization of the macromolecular organization of the ETC (i.e. supercomplexes) may be important for development of the mitochondrial aging phenotype, particularly in post-mitotic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Gómez
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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26
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Choksi KB, Nuss JE, DeFord JH, Papaconstantinou J. Mitochondrial electron transport chain functions in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2012; 3:754-67. [PMID: 21934186 PMCID: PMC3184977 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The age-associated decline in tissue function has been attributed to ROS-mediated oxidative damage due to mitochondrial dysfunction. The long-lived Ames dwarf mouse exhibits resistance to oxidative stress, a physiological characteristic of longevity. It is not known, however, whether there are differences in the electron transport chain (ETC) functions in Ames tissues that are associated with their longevity. In these studies we analyzed enzyme activities of ETC complexes, CI-CV and the coupled CI-CII and CII-CIII activities of mitochondria from several tissues of young, middle aged and old Ames dwarf mice and their corresponding wild type controls to identify potential mitochondrial prolongevity functions. Our studies indicate that post-mitotic heart and skeletal muscle from Ames and wild-type mice show similar changes in ETC complex activities with aging, with the exception of complex IV. Furthermore, the kidney, a slowly proliferating tissue, shows dramatic differences in ETC functions unique to the Ames mice. Our data show that there are tissue specific mitochondrial functions that are characteristic of certain tissues of the long-lived Ames mouse. We propose that this may be a factor in the determination of extended lifespan of dwarf mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap B Choksi
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 77555, USA
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Hoshovs'ka I, Shymans'ka TV, Rudyk OV, Korkach I, Sahach VF. Mitochondria permeability transition as a target for ischemic preconditioning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.15407/fz57.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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OXPHOS susceptibility to oxidative modifications: The role of heart mitochondrial subcellular location. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2011; 1807:1106-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Padrão AI, Ferreira R, Vitorino R, Alves RMP, Figueiredo P, Duarte JA, Amado F. Effect of lifestyle on age-related mitochondrial protein oxidation in mice cardiac muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:1467-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-2100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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da Cunha FM, Demasi M, Kowaltowski AJ. Aging and calorie restriction modulate yeast redox state, oxidized protein removal, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:664-70. [PMID: 21684330 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system governs the half-life of most cellular proteins. Calorie restriction (CR) extends the maximum life span of a variety of species and prevents oxidized protein accumulation. We studied the effects of CR on the ubiquitin-proteasome system and protein turnover in aging Saccharomyces cerevisiae. CR increased chronological life span as well as proteasome activity compared to control cells. The levels of protein carbonyls, a marker of protein oxidation, and those of polyubiquitinated proteins were modulated by CR. Controls, but not CR cells, exhibited a significant increase in oxidized proteins. In keeping with decreased proteasome activity, polyubiquitinated proteins were increased in young control cells compared to time-matched CR cells, but were profoundly decreased in aged control cells despite decreased proteasomal activity. This finding is related to a decreased polyubiquitination ability due to the impairment of the ubiquitin-activating enzyme in aged control cells, probably related to a more oxidative microenvironment. CR preserves the ubiquitin-proteasome system activity. Overall, we found that aging and CR modulate many aspects of protein modification and turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marques da Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-900 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
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Anti-aging effects of phloridzin, an apple polyphenol, on yeast via the SOD and Sir2 genes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:854-8. [PMID: 21597195 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The anti-aging effects of phloridzin on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated by employing a replicative lifespan assay of the K6001 yeast strain. After administrating phloridzin at doses of 3, 10, and 30 µM, the lifespan of the yeast was significantly prolonged in comparison with the untreated group (p<0.01, p<0.001). To determine the mechanism of action, anti-oxidative experiments and ROS assay were performed. Phloridzin improved the viability of the yeast dose-dependently under oxidative stress by 7.5 mM H(2)O(2), and a low dose of phloridzin inhibited ROS of the yeast. Further, SOD1, SOD2, and Sir2 gene expression was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and was found to be significantly increased. Finally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and SIRT1 activity assays showed that phloridzin notably increased the activity of SOD and SIRT1. These results suggest that SOD and Sir2 have important roles in phloridzin-regulated lifespan extension of yeast, and potentially anti-aging effects for mammalian cells via SIRT1.
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Moreira-Gonçalves D, Henriques-Coelho T, Fonseca H, Ferreira RM, Amado F, Leite-Moreira A, Duarte JA. Moderate exercise training provides left ventricular tolerance to acute pressure overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 300:H1044-52. [PMID: 21186273 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01008.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the impact of moderate exercise training on the cardiac tolerance to acute pressure overload. Male Wistar rats were randomly submitted to exercise training or sedentary lifestyle for 14 wk. At the end of this period, the animals were anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and submitted to hemodynamic evaluation with biventricular tip pressure manometers. Acute pressure overload was induced by banding the descending aorta to induce a 60% increase of peak systolic left ventricular pressure during 120 min. This resulted in the following experimental groups: 1) sedentary without banding (SED + Sham), 2) sedentary with banding (SED + Band), and 3) exercise trained with banding (EX + Band). In response to aortic banding, SED + Band animals could not sustain the 60% increase of peak systolic pressure for 120 min, even with additional narrowing of the banding. This was accompanied by a reduction of dP/dt(max) and dP/dt(min) and a prolongation of the time constant tau, indicating impaired systolic and diastolic function. This impairment was not observed in EX + Band (P < 0.05 vs. SED + Band). Additionally, compared with SED + Band, EX + Band presented less myocardial damage, exhibited attenuated protein expression of active caspase-3 and NF-κB (P < 0.016), and showed less protein carbonylation and nitration (P < 0.05). These findings support our hypothesis that exercise training has a protective role in the modulation of the early cardiac response to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Department of Sport Biology, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Safdar A, deBeer J, Tarnopolsky MA. Dysfunctional Nrf2-Keap1 redox signaling in skeletal muscle of the sedentary old. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:1487-93. [PMID: 20708680 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) redox signaling has not been characterized in human skeletal muscle despite an extensive delineation of oxidative stress in the etiology of aging and sarcopenia. We assessed whether the age-associated decline in antioxidant response is due, at least in part, to dysfunction in Nrf2-Keap1 redox signaling. We also evaluated whether an active lifestyle can conserve skeletal muscle cellular redox status via activation of Nrf2-Keap1 signaling. Here we show that a recreationally active lifestyle is associated with the activation of upstream modulators that induce the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response cascade in skeletal muscle of the elderly. Conversely, a sedentary lifestyle is negatively associated with these adaptations mainly because of dysregulation of Nrf2-Keap1 redox signaling that renders the intracellular environment prone to reactive oxygen species-mediated toxicity. Our results indicate that an active lifestyle is an important determinant of cellular redox status. We propose that the metabolic induction of Nrf2-Keap1 redox signaling promises to be a viable therapy for attenuating oxidative stress-mediated damage in skeletal muscle associated with physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Safdar
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
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35
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Tatarková Z, Kuka S, Račay P, Lehotský J, Dobrota D, Mištuna D, Kaplán P. Effects of aging on activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes and oxidative damage in rat heart. Physiol Res 2010; 60:281-9. [PMID: 21114360 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of oxidative damage have been implicated to be the major factors of aging. However, data on age-related changes in activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes remain controversial and molecular mechanisms responsible for ETC dysfunction are still largely unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of aging on activities of ETC complexes and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in cardiac mitochondria from adult (6-month-old), old (15-month-old) and senescent (26-month-old) rats. ETC complexes I-IV displayed different extent of inhibition with age. The most significant decline occurred in complex IV activity, whereas complex II activity was unchanged in old rats and was only slightly reduced in senescent rats. Compared to adult, old and senescent rat hearts had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and dityrosine, while thiol group content was reduced. Despite marked increase in HNE content with age (25 and 76 % for 15- and 26-month-old rats, respectively) Western blot analysis revealed only few HNE-protein adducts. The present study suggests that non-uniform decline in activities of ETC complexes is due, at least in part, to mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, lipid peroxidation products appear to have a limited impact on enzyme functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Tatarková
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovak Republic
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Yan LJ, Forster MJ. Chemical probes for analysis of carbonylated proteins: a review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 879:1308-15. [PMID: 20732835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein carbonylation is a major form of protein oxidation and is widely used as an indicator of oxidative stress. Carbonyl groups do not have distinguishing UV or visible, spectrophotometric absorbance/fluorescence characteristics and thus their detection and quantification can only be achieved using specific chemical probes. In this paper, we review the advantages and disadvantages of several chemical probes that have been and are still being used for protein carbonyl analysis. These probes include 2,4-dinitrophenylhydazine (DNPH), tritiated sodium borohydride ([(3)H]NaBH(4)), biotin-containing probes, and fluorescence probes. As our discussions lean toward gel-based approaches, utilizations of these probes in 2D gel-based proteomic analysis of carbonylated proteins are illustrated where applicable. Analysis of carbonylated proteins by ELISA, immunofluorescent imaging, near infrared fluorescence detection, and gel-free proteomic approaches are also discussed where appropriate. Additionally, potential applications of blue native gel electrophoresis as a tool for first dimensional separation in 2D gel-based analysis of carbonylated proteins are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, and the Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
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Muster B, Kohl W, Wittig I, Strecker V, Joos F, Haase W, Bereiter-Hahn J, Busch K. Respiratory chain complexes in dynamic mitochondria display a patchy distribution in life cells. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11910. [PMID: 20689601 PMCID: PMC2912852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria, the main suppliers of cellular energy, are dynamic organelles that fuse and divide frequently. Constraining these processes impairs mitochondrial is closely linked to certain neurodegenerative diseases. It is proposed that functional mitochondrial dynamics allows the exchange of compounds thereby providing a rescue mechanism. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The question discussed in this paper is whether fusion and fission of mitochondria in different cell lines result in re-localization of respiratory chain (RC) complexes and of the ATP synthase. This was addressed by fusing cells containing mitochondria with respiratory complexes labelled with different fluorescent proteins and resolving their time dependent re-localization in living cells. We found a complete reshuffling of RC complexes throughout the entire chondriome in single HeLa cells within 2-3 h by organelle fusion and fission. Polykaryons of fused cells completely re-mixed their RC complexes in 10-24 h in a progressive way. In contrast to the recently described homogeneous mixing of matrix-targeted proteins or outer membrane proteins, the distribution of RC complexes and ATP synthase in fused hybrid mitochondria, however, was not homogeneous but patterned. Thus, complete equilibration of respiratory chain complexes as integral inner mitochondrial membrane complexes is a slow process compared with matrix proteins probably limited by complete fusion. In co-expressing cells, complex II is more homogenously distributed than complex I and V, resp. Indeed, this result argues for higher mobility and less integration in supercomplexes. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Our results clearly demonstrate that mitochondrial fusion and fission dynamics favours the re-mixing of all RC complexes within the chondriome. This permanent mixing avoids a static situation with a fixed composition of RC complexes per mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Muster
- Institute of Kinematic Cell Research, Department of Biology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Wladislaw Kohl
- Institute of Kinematic Cell Research, Department of Biology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Laboratory for Mitochondrial Dynamics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Institute of Molecular Bioenergetics, Medical School, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Valentina Strecker
- Institute of Molecular Bioenergetics, Medical School, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Friederike Joos
- Electron Facility, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Haase
- Electron Facility, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bereiter-Hahn
- Institute of Kinematic Cell Research, Department of Biology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Karin Busch
- Institute of Kinematic Cell Research, Department of Biology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Laboratory for Mitochondrial Dynamics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Barros MH, da Cunha FM, Oliveira GA, Tahara EB, Kowaltowski AJ. Yeast as a model to study mitochondrial mechanisms in ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2010; 131:494-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2010.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Koopman WJH, Nijtmans LGJ, Dieteren CEJ, Roestenberg P, Valsecchi F, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM. Mammalian mitochondrial complex I: biogenesis, regulation, and reactive oxygen species generation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:1431-70. [PMID: 19803744 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Virtually every mammalian cell contains mitochondria. These double-membrane organelles continuously change shape and position and contain the complete metabolic machinery for the oxidative conversion of pyruvate, fatty acids, and amino acids into ATP. Mitochondria are crucially involved in cellular Ca2+ and redox homeostasis and apoptosis induction. Maintenance of mitochondrial function and integrity requires an inside-negative potential difference across the mitochondrial inner membrane. This potential is sustained by the electron-transport chain (ETC). NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I (CI), the first and largest protein complex of the ETC, couples the oxidation of NADH to the reduction of ubiquinone. During this process, electrons can escape from CI and react with ambient oxygen to produce superoxide and derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Depending on the balance between their production and removal by antioxidant systems, ROS may function as signaling molecules or induce damage to a variety of biomolecules or both. The latter ultimately leads to a loss of mitochondrial and cellular function and integrity. In this review, we discuss (a) the role of CI in mitochondrial functioning; (b) the composition, structure, and biogenesis of CI; (c) regulation of CI function; (d) the role of CI in ROS generation; and (e) adaptive responses to CI deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Sustained deficiency of mitochondrial complex I activity during long periods of survival after seizures induced in immature rats by homocysteic acid. Neurochem Int 2009; 56:394-403. [PMID: 19931336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Revised: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work demonstrated the marked decrease of mitochondrial complex I activity in the cerebral cortex of immature rats during the acute phase of seizures induced by bilateral intracerebroventricular infusion of dl-homocysteic acid (600 nmol/side) and at short time following these seizures. The present study demonstrates that the marked decrease ( approximately 60%) of mitochondrial complex I activity persists during the long periods of survival, up to 5 weeks, following these seizures, i.e. periods corresponding to the development of spontaneous seizures (epileptogenesis) in this model of seizures. The decrease was selective for complex I and it was not associated with changes in the size of the assembled complex I or with changes in mitochondrial content of complex I. Inhibition of complex I was accompanied by a parallel, up to 5 weeks lasting significant increase (15-30%) of three independent mitochondrial markers of oxidative damage, 3-nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxynonenal and protein carbonyls. This suggests that oxidative modification may be most likely responsible for the sustained deficiency of complex I activity although potential role of other factors cannot be excluded. Pronounced inhibition of complex I was not accompanied by impaired ATP production, apparently due to excess capacity of complex I documented by energy thresholds. The decrease of complex I activity was substantially reduced by treatment with selected free radical scavengers. It could also be attenuated by pretreatment with (S)-3,4-DCPG (an agonist for subtype 8 of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors) which had also a partial antiepileptogenic effect. It can be assumed that the persisting inhibition of complex I may lead to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen and/or nitrogen species, contributing not only to neuronal injury demonstrated in this model of seizures but also to epileptogenesis.
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Ishihara K, Amano K, Takaki E, Ebrahim AS, Shimohata A, Shibazaki N, Inoue I, Takaki M, Ueda Y, Sago H, Epstein CJ, Yamakawa K. Increased lipid peroxidation in Down’s syndrome mouse models. J Neurochem 2009; 110:1965-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mitochondrial superoxide radicals differentially affect muscle activity and neural function. Genetics 2009; 183:175-84. [PMID: 19546321 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.109.103515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular superoxide radicals (O(2)(-)) are mostly generated during mitochondrial oxygen metabolism. O(2)(-) serves as the raw material for many reactive oxygen species (ROS) members like H(2)O(2) and OH(.-) radicals following its catalysis by superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes and also by autocatalysis (autodismutation) reactions. Mitochondrial ROS generation could have serious implications on degenerative diseases. In model systems overproduction of mitochondrial O(2)(-) resulting from the loss of SOD2 function leads to movement disorders and drastic reduction in life span in vertebrates and invertebrates alike. With the help of a mitochondrial SOD2 loss-of-function mutant, Sod2(n283), we measured the sensitivity of muscles and neurons to ROS attack. Neural outputs from flight motor neurons and sensory neurons were unchanged in Sod2(n283) and the entire neural circuitry between the giant fiber (GF) and the dorsal longitudinal muscles (DLM) showed no overt defect due to elevated ROS. Such insensitivity of neurons to mitochondrial superoxides was further established through neuronal expression of SOD2, which failed to improve survival or locomotive ability of Sod2(n283). On the other hand, ultrastructural analysis of Sod2(n283) muscles revealed fewer mitochondria and reduced muscle ATP production. By targeting the SOD2 expression to the muscle we demonstrate that the early mortality phenotype of Sod2(n283) can be ameliorated along with signs of improved mobility. In summary, muscles appear to be more sensitive to superoxide attack relative to the neurons and such overt phenotypes observed in SOD2-deficient animals can be directly attributed to the muscle.
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Benedetto A, Au C, Aschner M. Manganese-Induced Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Insights into Mechanisms and Genetics Shared with Parkinson’s Disease. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4862-84. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800536y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Benedetto
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
| | - Catherine Au
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, and the Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0414
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Chen G, Izzo J, Demizu Y, Wang F, Guha S, Wu X, Hung MC, Ajani JA, Huang P. Different redox states in malignant and nonmalignant esophageal epithelial cells and differential cytotoxic responses to bile acid and honokiol. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009; 11:1083-95. [PMID: 19187006 PMCID: PMC2842128 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2008.2321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly lethal cancer in western countries. EAC cells are believed to develop from esophageal epithelial cells through complex transformation processes involving inflammation and oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to compare the redox status of malignant and nonmalignant esophageal epithelial cells and to test their responses to bile acid-induced oxidative stress and to treatment with honokiol (HNK), a natural product with anticancer activity. We demonstrated that esophageal adenocarcinoma cells express significantly higher levels of antioxidant molecules and were resistant to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress induced by bile acid, but were sensitive to the cytotoxic action of HNK. Mechanistic study showed that HNK caused cancer cell death by disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and was correlated with cyclophilin D (CypD) expression. Inhibition of CypD by cyclosporin A or abrogation of its expression by siRNA significantly suppressed the cytotoxicity of HNK, suggesting that CypD may be a key molecule that mediates the cytotoxicity. Our study suggests that the high antioxidant capacity in EAC cells confers on them the ability to survive the oxidative microenvironment in the reflux esophagus, and that HNK is a promising compound to kill the transformed cells preferentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Julie Izzo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yusuke Demizu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sushovan Guha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mein-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Li T, Li J, Liu J, Zhang P, Wu W, Zhou R, Li G, Zhang W, Yi M, Huang H. Polymerized placenta hemoglobin attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury and restores the nitroso-redox balance in isolated rat heart. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 46:397-405. [PMID: 19038330 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury mainly caused by oxidative stress plays a major role in cardiac damage. The extent of the I/R injury is also an important factor that determines the function of a transplanted heart. This study first examined whether hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) could protect isolated rat heart from I/R injury and then elucidated the underlying mechanism. Using the Langendorff model, isolated Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were arrested and stored at 4 degrees C for 8 h and then reperfused for 2 h. Compared with St. Thomas' solution (STS) and rat self blood in STS, polymerized placenta hemoglobin (PolyPHb) in STS greatly improved heart contraction and decreased infarction size. The extent of myocardial apoptosis was also significantly decreased, which was related to reduced iNOS-derived nitric oxide production, increased protein ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and reduced caspase-3 activity and cleavage level. Furthermore, PolyPHb in STS did not increase malondialdehyde, peroxynitrite, or mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide formation, but greatly elevated superoxide dismutase activity and preserved mitochondrial ATP synthesis, which served to maintain redox homeostasis in I/R heart. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that HBOCs protected isolated heart from I/R injury and this protection was associated with attenuation of NO-mediated myocardial apoptosis and restoration of the nitroso-redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abstract
Not only the prevalence, but also the mortality due to ischaemic cardiovascular disease is higher in older than in young humans, and the demographic shift towards an ageing population will further increase the prevalence of age-related cardiovascular disease. In order to develop strategies aimed to limit reversible and irreversible myocardial damage in older patients, there is a need to better understand age-induced alterations in protein expression and cell signalling. Cardioprotective phenomena such as ischaemic and pharmacological pre and postconditioning attenuate ischaemia/reperfusion injury in young hearts. Whether or not pre and postconditioning are still effective in aged organs, animals, or patients, i.e. under conditions where such cardioprotection is most relevant, is still a matter of debate; most studies suggest a loss of protection in aged hearts. The present review discusses changes in protein expression and cell signalling important to ischaemia/reperfusion injury with myocardial ageing. The efficacy of cardioprotective manoeuvres, e.g. ischaemic pre and postconditioning in aged organs and animals will be discussed, and the development of strategies aimed to antagonize the age-induced loss of protection will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Boengler
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
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Ratner V, Starkov A, Matsiukevich D, Polin RA, Ten VS. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to alveolar developmental arrest in hyperoxia-exposed mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 40:511-8. [PMID: 19168698 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0341rc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to alveolar developmental arrest in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). To induce BPD, 3-day-old mice were exposed to 75% O2. Mice were studied at two time points of hyperoxia (72 h or 2 wk) and after 3 weeks of recovery in room air (RA). A separate cohort of mice was exposed to pyridaben, a complex-I (C-I) inhibitor, for 72 hours or 2 weeks. Alveolarization was quantified by radial alveolar count and mean linear intercept methods. Pulmonary mitochondrial function was defined by respiration rates, ATP-production rate, and C-I activity. At 72 hours, hyperoxic mice demonstrated significant inhibition of C-I activity, reduced respiration and ATP production rates, and significantly decreased radial alveolar count compared with controls. Exposure to pyridaben for 72 hours, as expected, caused significant inhibition of C-I and ADP-phosphorylating respiration. Similar to hyperoxic littermates, these pyridaben-exposed mice exhibited significantly delayed alveolarization compared with controls. At 2 weeks of exposure to hyperoxia or pyridaben, mitochondrial respiration was inhibited and associated with alveolar developmental arrest. However, after 3 weeks of recovery from hyperoxia or 2 weeks after 72 hours of exposure to pyridaben alveolarization significantly improved. In addition, there was marked normalization of C-I and mitochondrial respiration. The degree of hyperoxia-induced pulmonary simplification and recovery strongly (r(2) = 0.76) correlated with C-I activity in lung mitochondria. Thus, the arrest of alveolar development induced by either hyperoxia or direct inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation indicates that bioenergetic failure to maintain normal alveolar development is one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veniamin Ratner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway, CHN 1201, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Choksi KB, Nuss JE, DeFord JH, Papaconstantinou J. Age-related alterations in oxidatively damaged proteins of mouse skeletal muscle mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 45:826-38. [PMID: 18598756 PMCID: PMC2873767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative modification to proteins. Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes I and III are the sites of ROS production and we hypothesize that proteins of the ETC complexes are primary targets of ROS-mediated modification which impairs their structure and function. The pectoralis, primarily an aerobic red muscle, and quadriceps, primarily an anaerobic white muscle, have different rates of respiration and oxygen-carrying capacity, and hence, different rates of ROS production. This raises the question of whether these muscles exhibit different levels of oxidative protein modification. Our studies reveal that the pectoralis shows a dramatic age-related decline in almost all complex activities that correlates with increased oxidative modification. Similar complex proteins were modified in the quadriceps, at a significantly lower level with less change in enzyme and ETC coupling function. We postulate that mitochondrial ROS causes damage to specific ETC subunits which increases with age and leads to further mitochondrial dysfunction. We conclude that physiological characteristics of the pectoralis vs quadriceps may play a role in age-associated rate of mitochondrial dysfunction and in the decline in tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap B. Choksi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Mail Route 0643, Galveston, TX 77555-0643, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Nuss
- Adlyse Inc., 9430 Key West Avenue, Suite 210, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - James H. DeFord
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Mail Route 0643, Galveston, TX 77555-0643, USA
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Mail Route 0643, Galveston, TX 77555-0643, USA
- Corresponding author. Fax: +1 409 772 9216. (J. Papaconstantinou)
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Boelsterli UA, Hsiao CJJ. The heterozygous Sod2(+/-) mouse: modeling the mitochondrial role in drug toxicity. Drug Discov Today 2008; 13:982-8. [PMID: 18762273 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have been increasingly implicated in being a crucial subcellular target and amplifying oxidative injury induced by many drugs. Among the major cytoprotective antioxidants is the mitochondrial matrix protein, superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2). Genetic modification of the expression of SOD2 by transgenic techniques or gene silencing has generated a number of distinct animal models with SOD2 deficiency including the heterozygous Sod2(+/-) knockout mouse model. These mice display a discreet underlying mitochondrial stress but are otherwise phenotypically normal and thus model a variety of clinically silent mitochondrial abnormalities. The model has found application in oxidative stress and age-related research, but it is only recently that it has been successfully used to study mechanisms of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs A Boelsterli
- University of Connecticut, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, United States.
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