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Persson P. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 activation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats normalize renal hemodynamics and oxygen consumption. Ups J Med Sci 2024; 129:10791. [PMID: 39114321 PMCID: PMC11305148 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v129.10791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease is a major contributor to end stage renal disease. A change in kidney oxygen homeostasis leading to decreased tissue oxygen tension is an important factor initiating alterations in kidney function in diabetes. However, the mechanism contributing to changed oxygen homeostasis is still unclear. Hyperglycemia-induced production of reactive oxygen species and an altered response to them have previously been demonstrated. In the present study, chronic treatment with DL-sulforaphane to induce nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, a master transcriptional regulator binding to antioxidant response elements inducing increased protection against reactive oxygen species, is studied. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were made diabetic using streptozotocin and either left untreated or received daily subcutaneous injections of DL-sulforaphane for 4 weeks. Age-matched non-diabetic rats served as controls. After 4 weeks of treatment, rats were anesthetized using thiobutabarbital, and kidney functions were studied in terms of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal blood flow (RBF), sodium transport, kidney oxygen consumption, and kidney oxygen tension. Mitochondria was isolated from kidney cortical tissue and investigated using high-resolution respirometry. Results GFR was increased in diabetics but not RBF resulting in increased filtration fraction in diabetics. DL-sulforaphane treatment did not affect RBF and GFR in controls but decreased the same parameters in diabetics. Increased GFR resulted in increased sodium transport and oxygen consumption, hence decreased efficiency in diabetics compared to controls. Increased oxygen consumption in diabetics resulted in decreased cortical tissue oxygen tension. DL-sulforaphane treatment decreased oxygen consumption in diabetics, whereas transport efficiency was not significantly affected. DL-sulforaphane treatment increased cortical pO2 in diabetics. Conclusions DL-sulforaphane treatment affects renal hemodynamics, improving cortical oxygen tension but not mitochondrial efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Persson
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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2
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Podinic T, Limoges L, Monaco C, MacAndrew A, Minhas M, Nederveen J, Raha S. Cannabidiol Disrupts Mitochondrial Respiration and Metabolism and Dysregulates Trophoblast Cell Differentiation. Cells 2024; 13:486. [PMID: 38534330 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast differentiation is a crucial process in the formation of the placenta where cytotrophoblasts (CTs) differentiate and fuse to form the syncytiotrophoblast (ST). The bioactive components of cannabis, such as Δ9-THC, are known to disrupt trophoblast differentiation and fusion, as well as mitochondrial dynamics and respiration. However, less is known about the impact of cannabidiol (CBD) on trophoblast differentiation. Due to the central role of mitochondria in stem cell differentiation, we evaluated the impact of CBD on trophoblast mitochondrial function and differentiation. Using BeWo b30 cells, we observed decreased levels of mRNA for markers of syncytialization (GCM1, ERVW1, hCG) following 20 µM CBD treatment during differentiation. In CTs, CBD elevated transcript levels for the mitochondrial and cellular stress markers HSP60 and HSP70, respectively. Furthermore, CBD treatment also increased the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage marker 4-hydroxynonenal. Mitochondrial membrane potential, basal respiration and ATP production were diminished with the 20 µM CBD treatment in both sub-lineages. mRNA levels for endocannabinoid system (ECS) components (FAAH, NAPEPLD, TRPV1, CB1, CB2, PPARγ) were altered differentially by CBD in CTs and STs. Overall, we demonstrate that CBD impairs trophoblast differentiation and fusion, as well as mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Podinic
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Louise Limoges
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Cristina Monaco
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Andie MacAndrew
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mahek Minhas
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Joshua Nederveen
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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Jain A, Kim BR, Yu W, Moninger TO, Karp PH, Wagner BA, Welsh MJ. Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins protect human airway epithelial ciliated cells from oxidative damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318771121. [PMID: 38416686 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318771121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Apical cilia on epithelial cells defend the lung by propelling pathogens and particulates out of the respiratory airways. Ciliated cells produce ATP that powers cilia beating by densely grouping mitochondria just beneath the apical membrane. However, this efficient localization comes at a cost because electrons leaked during oxidative phosphorylation react with molecular oxygen to form superoxide, and thus, the cluster of mitochondria creates a hotspot for oxidant production. The relatively high oxygen concentration overlying airway epithelia further intensifies the risk of generating superoxide. Thus, airway ciliated cells face a unique challenge of producing harmful levels of oxidants. However, surprisingly, highly ciliated epithelia produce less reactive oxygen species (ROS) than epithelia with few ciliated cells. Compared to other airway cell types, ciliated cells express high levels of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins, UCP2 and UCP5. These proteins decrease mitochondrial protonmotive force and thereby reduce production of ROS. As a result, lipid peroxidation, a marker of oxidant injury, decreases. However, mitochondrial uncoupling proteins exact a price for decreasing oxidant production; they decrease the fraction of mitochondrial respiration that generates ATP. These findings indicate that ciliated cells sacrifice mitochondrial efficiency in exchange for safety from damaging oxidation. Employing uncoupling proteins to prevent oxidant production, instead of relying solely on antioxidants to decrease postproduction oxidant levels, may offer an advantage for targeting a local area of intense ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Bo Ram Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- HHMI, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- HHMI, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Thomas O Moninger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Philip H Karp
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- HHMI, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Brett A Wagner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Michael J Welsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- HHMI, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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Kreiter J, Tyschuk T, Pohl EE. Uncoupling Protein 3 Catalyzes the Exchange of C4 Metabolites Similar to UCP2. Biomolecules 2023; 14:21. [PMID: 38254621 PMCID: PMC10813146 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) belongs to the mitochondrial carrier protein superfamily SLC25 and is abundant in brown adipose tissue (BAT), the heart, and muscles. The expression of UCP3 in tissues mainly dependent on fatty acid oxidation suggests its involvement in cellular metabolism and has drawn attention to its possible transport function beyond the transport of protons in the presence of fatty acids. Based on the high homology between UCP2 and UCP3, we hypothesized that UCP3 transports C4 metabolites similar to UCP2. To test this, we measured the transport of substrates against phosphate (32Pi) in proteoliposomes reconstituted with recombinant murine UCP3 (mUCP3). We found that mUCP3 mainly transports aspartate and sulfate but also malate, malonate, oxaloacetate, and succinate. The transport rates calculated from the exchange of 32Pi against extraliposomal aspartate and sulfate were 23.9 ± 5.8 and 17.5 ± 5.1 µmol/min/mg, respectively. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we revealed that mutation of R84 resulted in impaired aspartate/phosphate exchange, demonstrating its critical role in substrate transport. The difference in substrate preference between mUCP2 and mUCP3 may be explained by their different tissue expression patterns and biological functions in these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena E. Pohl
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (J.K.); (T.T.)
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Potes Y, Díaz-Luis A, Bermejo-Millo JC, Pérez-Martínez Z, de Luxán-Delgado B, Rubio-González A, Menéndez-Valle I, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez J, Solano JJ, Caballero B, Vega-Naredo I, Coto-Montes A. Melatonin Alleviates the Impairment of Muscle Bioenergetics and Protein Quality Control Systems in Leptin-Deficiency-Induced Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1962. [PMID: 38001815 PMCID: PMC10669624 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is critically compromised in the major common forms of obesity. Skeletal muscle is the main effector tissue for energy modification that occurs as a result of the effect of endocrine axes, such as leptin signaling. Our study was carried out using skeletal muscle from a leptin-deficient animal model, in order to ascertain the importance of this hormone and to identify the major skeletal muscle mechanisms affected. We also examined the therapeutic role of melatonin against leptin-induced muscle wasting. Here, we report that leptin deficiency stimulates fatty acid β-oxidation, which results in mitochondrial uncoupling and the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative damage; however, it increases cytosolic oxidative damage. Thus, different nutrient-sensing pathways are disrupted, impairing proteostasis and promoting lipid anabolism, which induces myofiber degeneration and drives oxidative type I fiber conversion. Melatonin treatment plays a significant role in reducing cellular oxidative damage and regulating energy homeostasis and fuel utilization. Melatonin is able to improve both glucose and mitochondrial metabolism and partially restore proteostasis. Taken together, our study demonstrates melatonin to be a decisive mitochondrial function-fate regulator in skeletal muscle, with implications for resembling physiological energy requirements and targeting glycolytic type II fiber recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Potes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Andrea Díaz-Luis
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan C. Bermejo-Millo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zulema Pérez-Martínez
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Microbiology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adrian Rubio-González
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Iván Menéndez-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Immunology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan J. Solano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Geriatric Service, Monte Naranco Hospital, 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Caballero
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Vega-Naredo
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Coto-Montes
- Department of Morphology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences of the Principality of Asturias (INEUROPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Nesci S. Proton leak through the UCPs and ANT carriers and beyond: A breath for the electron transport chain. Biochimie 2023; 214:77-85. [PMID: 37336388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce heat as a result of an ineffective H+ cycling of mitochondria respiration across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). This event present in all mitochondria, known as proton leak, can decrease protonmotive force (Δp) and restore mitochondrial respiration by partially uncoupling the substrate oxidation from the ADP phosphorylation. During impaired conditions of ATP generation with F1FO-ATPase, the Δp increases and IMM is hyperpolarized. In this bioenergetic state, the respiratory complexes support H+ transport until the membrane potential stops the H+ pump activity. Consequently, the electron transfer is stalled and the reduced form of electron carriers of the respiratory chain can generate O2∙¯ triggering the cascade of ROS formation and oxidative stress. The physiological function to attenuate the production of O2∙¯ by Δp dissipation can be attributed to the proton leak supported by the translocases of IMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy.
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7
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Ye X, Liu R, Qiao Z, Chai X, Wang Y. Integrative profiling of metabolome and transcriptome of skeletal muscle after acute exercise intervention in mice. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1273342. [PMID: 37869715 PMCID: PMC10587468 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1273342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of acute exercise in the skeletal muscle of mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control group, and the exercise group, which were sacrificed immediately after an acute bout of exercise. The study was conducted to investigate the metabolic and transcriptional profiling in the quadriceps muscles of mice. The results demonstrated the identification of 34 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), with 28 upregulated and 6 downregulated, between the two groups. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that these DEMs were primarily enriched in several, including the citrate cycle, propanoate metabolism, and lysine degradation pathways. In addition, the results showed a total of 245 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 155 genes upregulated and 90 genes downregulated. KEGG analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in various pathways such as ubiquitin mediated proteolysis and FoxO signaling pathway. Furthermore, the analysis revealed significant enrichment of DEMs and DEGs in signaling pathways such as protein digestion and absorption, ferroptosis signaling pathway. In summary, the identified multiple metabolic pathways and signaling pathways were involved in the exercise-induced physiological regulation of skeletal muscle, such as the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, protein digestion and absorption, the FoxO signaling pathway, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, ferroptosis signaling pathway, and the upregulation of KLF-15, FoxO1, MAFbx, and MuRF1 expression could play a critical role in enhancing skeletal muscle proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Ye
- School of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- School of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixian Qiao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocui Chai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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8
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Sánchez-Pérez P, Mata A, Torp MK, López-Bernardo E, Heiestad CM, Aronsen JM, Molina-Iracheta A, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, García-Roves P, Costa ASH, Frezza C, Murphy MP, Stenslokken KO, Cadenas S. Energy substrate metabolism, mitochondrial structure and oxidative stress after cardiac ischemia-reperfusion in mice lacking UCP3. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:244-261. [PMID: 37295539 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury may result in cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Mitochondria play a critical role in cardiomyocyte recovery after IR injury. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has been proposed to reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and to facilitate fatty acid oxidation. As both mechanisms might be protective following IR injury, we investigated functional, mitochondrial structural, and metabolic cardiac remodeling in wild-type mice and in mice lacking UCP3 (UCP3-KO) after IR. Results showed that infarct size in isolated perfused hearts subjected to IR ex vivo was larger in adult and old UCP3-KO mice than in equivalent wild-type mice, and was accompanied by higher levels of creatine kinase in the effluent and by more pronounced mitochondrial structural changes. The greater myocardial damage in UCP3-KO hearts was confirmed in vivo after coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. S1QEL, a suppressor of superoxide generation from site IQ in complex I, limited infarct size in UCP3-KO hearts, pointing to exacerbated superoxide production as a possible cause of the damage. Metabolomics analysis of isolated perfused hearts confirmed the reported accumulation of succinate, xanthine and hypoxanthine during ischemia, and a shift to anaerobic glucose utilization, which all recovered upon reoxygenation. The metabolic response to ischemia and IR was similar in UCP3-KO and wild-type hearts, being lipid and energy metabolism the most affected pathways. Fatty acid oxidation and complex I (but not complex II) activity were equally impaired after IR. Overall, our results indicate that UCP3 deficiency promotes enhanced superoxide generation and mitochondrial structural changes that increase the vulnerability of the myocardium to IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sánchez-Pérez
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC/UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Mata
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC/UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - May-Kristin Torp
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC/UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PB1110, N-0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elia López-Bernardo
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC/UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christina M Heiestad
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PB1110, N-0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PB1110, N-0317, Oslo, Norway; Bjørknes College, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Luis J Jiménez-Borreguero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Roves
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907, Barcelona, Spain; Nutrition, Metabolism and Gene Therapy Group, Diabetes and Metabolism Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana S H Costa
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Center, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Christian Frezza
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Center, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Kåre-Olav Stenslokken
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, PB1110, N-0317, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC/UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Gatto C, Di Porzio A, Crescenzo R, Barrella V, Iossa S, Mazzoli A. Age-Dependent Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Response to Short-Term Increased Dietary Fructose. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020299. [PMID: 36829857 PMCID: PMC9951991 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The harmful effect of a long-term high-fructose diet is well established, but the age-dependent physiological responses that can be triggered by a short-term high-fructose diet in skeletal muscles have not been deeply explored. Therefore, the aim of this work was to compare the alterations in mitochondrial energetic and insulin responsiveness in the skeletal muscle induced by a short-term (2 weeks) fructose feeding in rats of different ages. For this purpose, fructose and uric acid levels, insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative status were evaluated in the skeletal muscles from young (30 days old) and adult (90 days old) rats. We showed that, even in the short term, a high-fructose diet has a strong impact on skeletal muscle metabolism, with more marked effects in young rats than in adults ones. In fact, despite both groups showing a decrease in insulin sensitivity, the marked mitochondrial dysfunction was found only in the young rats, thus leading to an increase in the mitochondrial production of ROS, and therefore, in oxidative damage. These findings underscore the need to reduce fructose consumption, especially in young people, to preserve the maintenance of a metabolically healthy status.
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10
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Acín-Pérez R, Montales KP, Nguyen KB, Brownstein AJ, Stiles L, Divakaruni AS. Isolation of Mitochondria from Mouse Tissues for Functional Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2675:77-96. [PMID: 37258757 PMCID: PMC11105805 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3247-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Methods for isolating mitochondria from different rodent tissues have been established for decades. Although the general principles for crude mitochondrial preparations are largely shared across tissues - tissue disruption followed by differential centrifugation - critical differences exist for isolation from different tissues to optimize mitochondrial yield and function. This protocol offers a unified resource for preparations of isolated mitochondria from mouse liver, kidney, heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and brown and white adipose tissue suitable for functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Acín-Pérez
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katrina P Montales
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kaitlyn B Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Linsey Stiles
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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11
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Naasner L, Froese N, Hofmann W, Galuppo P, Werlein C, Shymotiuk I, Szaroszyk M, Erschow S, Amanakis G, Bähre H, Kühnel MP, Jonigk DD, Geffers R, Seifert R, Ricke-Hoch M, Wende AR, Blaner WS, Abel ED, Bauersachs J, Riehle C. Vitamin A preserves cardiac energetic gene expression in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H1352-H1364. [PMID: 36399384 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00514.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Perturbed vitamin-A metabolism is associated with type 2 diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunction that are pathophysiologically linked to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanism, by which vitamin A might regulate mitochondrial energetics in DCM has previously not been explored. To test the hypothesis that vitamin-A deficiency accelerates the onset of cardiomyopathy in diet-induced obesity (DIO), we subjected mice with lecithin retinol acyltransferase (Lrat) germline deletion, which exhibit impaired vitamin-A stores, to vitamin A-deficient high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Wild-type mice fed with a vitamin A-sufficient HFD served as controls. Cardiac structure, contractile function, and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were preserved despite vitamin-A deficiency following 20 wk of HFD feeding. Gene profiling by RNA sequencing revealed that vitamin A is required for the expression of genes involved in cardiac fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in DIO as expression of these genes was relatively preserved under vitamin A-sufficient HFD conditions. Together, these data identify a transcriptional program, by which vitamin A preserves cardiac energetic gene expression in DIO that might attenuate subsequent onset of mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The relationship between vitamin-A status and the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy has not been studied in detail. We assessed cardiac mitochondrial respiratory capacity, contractile function, and gene expression by RNA sequencing in a murine model of combined vitamin-A deficiency and diet-induced obesity. Our study identifies a role for vitamin A in preserving cardiac energetic gene expression that might attenuate subsequent development of mitochondrial and contractile dysfunction in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Naasner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Winfried Hofmann
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Paolo Galuppo
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Ivanna Shymotiuk
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Szaroszyk
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergej Erschow
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georgios Amanakis
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Bähre
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kühnel
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Lung Research Centre (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Lung Research Centre (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Research Group Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Ricke-Hoch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William S Blaner
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, Los Angeles, California
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Riehle
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Metcalfe NB, Olsson M. How telomere dynamics are influenced by the balance between mitochondrial efficiency, reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:6040-6052. [PMID: 34435398 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that oxidative stress is a major cause of DNA damage and telomere attrition. Most endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the mitochondria, producing a link between mitochondrial function, DNA integrity and telomere dynamics. In this review we will describe how ROS production, rates of damage to telomeric DNA and DNA repair are dynamic processes. The rate of ROS production depends on mitochondrial features such as the level of inner membrane uncoupling and the proportion of time that ATP is actively being produced. However, the efficiency of ATP production (the ATP/O ratio) is positively related to the rate of ROS production, so leading to a trade-off between the body's energy requirements and its need to prevent oxidative stress. Telomeric DNA is especially vulnerable to oxidative damage due to features such as its high guanine content; while repair to damaged telomere regions is possible through a range of mechanisms, these can result in more rapid telomere shortening. There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial efficiency varies over time and with environmental context, as do rates of DNA repair. We argue that telomere dynamics can only be understood by appreciating that the optimal solution to the trade-off between energetic efficiency and telomere protection will differ between individuals and will change over time, depending on resource availability, energetic demands and life history strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil B Metcalfe
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mats Olsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Mezhnina V, Ebeigbe OP, Poe A, Kondratov RV. Circadian Control of Mitochondria in Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:647-663. [PMID: 35072523 PMCID: PMC9587791 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondria produce most of the cellular ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Energy metabolism in the mitochondria is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS production leads to oxidative stress and compromises cellular physiology. Energy metabolism in the mitochondria depends on nutrient flux and cellular metabolic needs, which are in turn connected with the feeding/fasting cycle. In animals, the feeding/fasting cycle is controlled by the circadian clock that generates 24-h rhythms in behavior, metabolism, and signaling. Recent Advances: Here, we discuss the role of the circadian clock and rhythms in mitochondria on ROS homeostasis. The circadian clock is involved in mitochondrial ROS production and detoxification through the control of nutrient flux and oxidation, uncoupling, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial dynamics. Critical Issues: Little is known on the molecular mechanisms of circadian control of mitochondrial functions. The circadian clock regulates the expression and activity of mitochondrial metabolic and antioxidant enzymes. The regulation involves a direct transcriptional control by Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput/brain and muscle ARNT-like 1(CLOCK/BMAL1), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcriptional network, and sirtuin-dependent posttranslational protein modifications. Future Perspectives: We hypothesize that the circadian clock orchestrates mitochondrial physiology to synchronize it with the feeding/fasting cycle. Circadian coordination of mitochondrial function couples energy metabolism with diets and contributes to antioxidant defense to prevent metabolic diseases and delay aging. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 647-663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha Mezhnina
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Oghogho P. Ebeigbe
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan Poe
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Roman V. Kondratov
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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14
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Pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages is associated with reduced endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 606:61-67. [PMID: 35339753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play a role in host defense, tissue remodeling and inflammation. Different inflammatory stimuli drive macrophage phenotypes and responses. In this study we investigated the relationship between macrophages immune phenotype and mitochondrial bioenergetics, cell redox state and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria interaction. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFNγ) pro-inflammatory stimuli decreased oxidative metabolism (basal, phosphorylating and maximal conditions) and increased baseline glycolysis (117%) and glycolytic capacity (43%) in THP-1 macrophages. In contrast, interleukin-4 (IL4) and interleukin-13 (IL13) anti-inflammatory stimuli increased the oxygen consumption rates in baseline conditions (21%) and associated with ATP production (19%). LPS + IFNγ stimuli reduced superoxide anion levels by accelerating its conversion into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while IL4+IL13 decreased H2O2 release rates. The source of these oxidants was extra-mitochondrial and associated with increased NOX2 and SOD1 gene expression. LPS + IFNγ stimuli decreased ER-mitochondria contact sites as measured by IP3R1-VDAC1 interaction (34%) and markedly upregulated genes involved in mitochondrial fusion (9-10 fold, MFN1 and 2) and fission (∼7 fold, DRP1 and FIS1). Conversely, IL4+IL13 stimuli did not altered ER-mitochondria interactions nor MFN1 and 2 expression. Together, these results unveil ER-mitochondria interaction pattern as a novel feature of macrophage immunological, metabolic and redox profiles.
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15
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Antioxidant Effects of Irisin in Liver Diseases: Mechanistic Insights. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3563518. [PMID: 35035659 PMCID: PMC8759828 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3563518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial factor in the development of various liver diseases. Irisin, a metabolic hormone discovered in 2012, is mainly produced by proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) in skeletal muscles. Irisin is induced by physical exercise, and a rapidly growing body of literature suggests that irisin is, at least partially, responsible for the beneficial effects of regular exercise. The major biological function of irisin is believed to be involved in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. However, recent studies have suggested the therapeutic potential of irisin against a variety of liver diseases involving its antioxidative function. In this review, we aim to summarize the accumulating evidence demonstrating the antioxidative effects of irisin in liver diseases, with an emphasis on the current understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms.
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16
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Napolitano G, Fasciolo G, Magnacca N, Goglia F, Lombardi A, Venditti P. Oxidative damage and mitochondrial functionality in hearts from KO UCP3 mice housed at thermoneutrality. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:415-425. [PMID: 35237934 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is controversial. This work aimed to investigate the effects of UCP3 on the heart of mice housed at thermoneutral temperature, an experimental condition that avoids the effects of thermoregulation on mitochondrial activity and redox homeostasis, preventing the alterations related to these processes from confusing the results caused by the lack of UCP3. WT and KO UCP3 mice were acclimatized at 30 °C for 4 weeks and hearts were used to evaluate metabolic capacity and redox state. Tissue and mitochondrial respiration, the activities of the mitochondrial complexes, and the protein expression of mitochondrial complexes markers furnished information on mitochondrial functionality. The levels of lipid and protein oxidative damage markers, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the reactive oxygen species levels, and the susceptibility to in vitro Fe-ascorbate-induced oxidative stress furnished information on redox state. UCP3 ablation reduced tissue and mitochondrial respiratory capacities, not affecting the mitochondrial content. In KO UCP3 mice, the mitochondrial complexes activities were lower than in WT without changes in their content. These effects were accompanied by an increase in the level of oxidative stress markers, ROS content, and in vitro susceptibility to oxidative stress, notwithstanding that the activities of antioxidant enzymes were not affected by UCP3 ablation. Such modifications are also associated with enhanced activation/phosphorylation of EIF2α, a marker of integrated stress response and endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP778 BIP). The lack of UCP3 makes the heart more prone to oxidative insult by reducing oxygen consumption and increasing ROS. Our results demonstrate that UCP3 helps the cell to preserve mitochondrial function by mitigating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Parthenope, via Acton n. 38, -I-80133, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzia Magnacca
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126, Napoli, Italy.
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17
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Xun Z, Wipf P, McMurray CT. XJB-5-131 Is a Mild Uncoupler of Oxidative Phosphorylation. J Huntingtons Dis 2022; 11:141-151. [PMID: 35404288 PMCID: PMC9798833 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-220539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria (MT) are energy "powerhouses" of the cell and the decline in their function from oxidative damage is strongly correlated in many diseases. To suppress oxygen damage, we have developed and applied XJB-5-131 as a targeted platform for neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly in MT. Although the beneficial activity of XJB-5-131 is well documented, the mechanism of its protective effects is not yet fully understood. OBJECTIVE Here, we elucidate the mechanism of protection for XJB-5-131, a mitochondrial targeted antioxidant and electron scavenger. METHODS The Seahorse Flux Analyzer was used to probe the respiratory states of isolated mouse brain mitochondria treated with XJB-5-131 compared to controls. RESULTS Surprisingly, there is no direct impact of XJB-5-131 radical scavenger on the electron flow through the electron transport chain. Rather, XJB-5-131 is a mild uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation. The nitroxide moiety in XJB-5-131 acts as a superoxide dismutase mimic, which both extracts or donates electrons during redox reactions. The electron scavenging activity of XJB-5-131 prevents the leakage of electrons and reduces formation of superoxide anion, thereby reducing ROS. CONCLUSION We show here that XJB-5-131 is a mild uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in MT. The mild uncoupling property of XJB-5-131 arises from its redox properties, which exert a protective effect by reducing ROS-induced damage without sacrificing energy production. Because mitochondrial decline is a common and central feature of toxicity, the favorable properties of XJB-5-131 are likely to be useful in treating Huntington's disease and a wide spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases for which oxidative damage is a key component. The mild uncoupling properties of XJB-5-131 suggest a valuable mechanism of action for the design of clinically effective antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Xun
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cynthia T. McMurray
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA,Correspondence to: Cynthia T. McMurray, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Tel.: +1 510 486 6526; Fax: +1 510 486 6880;
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18
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Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins (UCPs) as Key Modulators of ROS Homeostasis: A Crosstalk between Diabesity and Male Infertility? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111746. [PMID: 34829617 PMCID: PMC8614977 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are transmembrane proteins members of the mitochondrial anion transporter family present in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Currently, six homologs have been identified (UCP1-6) in mammals, with ubiquitous tissue distribution and multiple physiological functions. UCPs are regulators of key events for cellular bioenergetic metabolism, such as membrane potential, metabolic efficiency, and energy dissipation also functioning as pivotal modulators of ROS production and general cellular redox state. UCPs can act as proton channels, leading to proton re-entry the mitochondrial matrix from the intermembrane space and thus collapsing the proton gradient and decreasing the membrane potential. Each homolog exhibits its specific functions, from thermogenesis to regulation of ROS production. The expression and function of UCPs are intimately linked to diabesity, with their dysregulation/dysfunction not only associated to diabesity onset, but also by exacerbating oxidative stress-related damage. Male infertility is one of the most overlooked diabesity-related comorbidities, where high oxidative stress takes a major role. In this review, we discuss in detail the expression and function of the different UCP homologs. In addition, the role of UCPs as key regulators of ROS production and redox homeostasis, as well as their influence on the pathophysiology of diabesity and potential role on diabesity-induced male infertility is debated.
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19
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Nederveen JP, Manta K, Bujak AL, Simone AC, Fuda MR, Nilsson MI, Hettinga BP, Hughes MC, Perry CGR, Tarnopolsky MA. A Novel Multi-Ingredient Supplement Activates a Browning Program in White Adipose Tissue and Mitigates Weight Gain in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3726. [PMID: 34835983 PMCID: PMC8623014 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of a novel multi-ingredient supplement comprised of polyphenol antioxidants and compounds known to facilitate mitochondrial function and metabolic enhancement (ME) in a mouse model of obesity. In this study, 6-week-old male C57/BL6J mice were placed on a high-fat diet (HFD; ~60% fat) for 6 weeks, with subsequent allocation into experimentalgroups for 4 weeks: HFD control, HFD + ME10 (10 components), HFD + ME7 (7 components), HFD + ME10 + EX, HFD + EX (where '+EX' animals exercised 3 days/week), and chow-fed control. After the intervention, HFD control animals had significantly greater body weight and fat mass. Despite the continuation of HFD, animals supplemented with multi-ingredient ME or who performed exercise training showed an attenuation of fat mass and preservation of lean body mass, which was further enhanced when combined (ME+EX). ME supplementation stimulated the upregulation of white and brown adipose tissue mRNA transcripts associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, browning, fatty acid transport, and fat metabolism. In WAT depots, this was mirrored by mitochodrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein expression, and increased in vivo fat oxidation measured via CLAMS. ME supplementation also decreased systemic and local inflammation markers. Herein, we demonstrated that novel multi-ingredient nutritional supplements induced significant fat loss independent of physical activity while preserving muscle mass in obese mice. Mechanistically, these MEs appear to act by inducing a browning program in white adipose tissue and decreasing other pathophysiological impairments associated with obesity, including mitochondrial respiration alterations induced by HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P. Nederveen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (J.P.N.); (K.M.); (A.C.S.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Katherine Manta
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (J.P.N.); (K.M.); (A.C.S.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Adam L. Bujak
- Exerkine Corporation, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (A.L.B.); (M.I.N.); (B.P.H.)
| | - Alexander C. Simone
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (J.P.N.); (K.M.); (A.C.S.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Matthew R. Fuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (J.P.N.); (K.M.); (A.C.S.); (M.R.F.)
| | - Mats I. Nilsson
- Exerkine Corporation, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (A.L.B.); (M.I.N.); (B.P.H.)
| | - Bart P. Hettinga
- Exerkine Corporation, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (A.L.B.); (M.I.N.); (B.P.H.)
| | - Meghan C. Hughes
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (M.C.H.); (C.G.R.P.)
| | - Christopher G. R. Perry
- Muscle Health Research Centre (MHRC), School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; (M.C.H.); (C.G.R.P.)
| | - Mark A. Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (J.P.N.); (K.M.); (A.C.S.); (M.R.F.)
- Exerkine Corporation, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), 1200 Main St. W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (A.L.B.); (M.I.N.); (B.P.H.)
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20
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Simões ICM, Amorim R, Teixeira J, Karkucinska-Wieckowska A, Carvalho A, Pereira SP, Simões RF, Szymanska S, Dąbrowski M, Janikiewicz J, Dobrzyń A, Oliveira PJ, Potes Y, Wieckowski MR. The Alterations of Mitochondrial Function during NAFLD Progression-An Independent Effect of Mitochondrial ROS Production. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136848. [PMID: 34202179 PMCID: PMC8268944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis implicates multiple mechanisms, chief of which is mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the sequence of events underlying mitochondrial failure are still poorly clarified. In this work, male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a high-fat plus high-sucrose diet for 16, 20, 22, and 24 weeks to induce NAFL. Up to the 20th week, an early mitochondrial remodeling with increased OXPHOS subunits levels and higher mitochondrial respiration occurred. Interestingly, a progressive loss of mitochondrial respiration along "Western diet" feeding was identified, accompanied by higher susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Importantly, our findings prove that mitochondrial alterations and subsequent impairment are independent of an excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which was found to be progressively diminished along with disease progression. Instead, increased peroxisomal abundance and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation-related pathway suggest that peroxisomes may contribute to hepatic ROS generation and oxidative damage, which may accelerate hepatic injury and disease progression. We show here for the first time the sequential events of mitochondrial alterations involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression and demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS are not one of the first hits that cause NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C. M. Simões
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Ricardo Amorim
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | | | - Adriana Carvalho
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LametEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Sylwia Szymanska
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.-W.); (S.S.)
| | - Michał Dąbrowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyń
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (R.A.); (J.T.); (A.C.); (S.P.P.); (R.F.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (M.R.W.)
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (M.R.W.)
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21
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Harnessing the cardiovascular benefits of exercise: are Nrf2 activators useful? SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 3:70-79. [PMID: 35782161 PMCID: PMC9219337 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of physical activity to ameliorate cardiovascular disease and improve cardiovascular health is well accepted, but many aspects of the molecular mechanisms underlying these benefits are incompletely understood. Exercise increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through various mechanisms. This triggers the activation of Nrf2, a redox-sensitive transcription factor activated by increases in oxidative stress. Activation of Nrf2 mitigates oxidative stress by increasing the nuclear transcription of many antioxidant genes while also mediating additional beneficial effects through the cytoprotective nature of Nrf2 signaling. Understanding the transcriptional patterns of Nrf2 caused by exercise can help in the design of pharmacological mimicry of the process in patients who are unable to exercise for various reasons.
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22
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Central Apolipoprotein A-IV Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031221. [PMID: 33513710 PMCID: PMC7865537 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) could have far-reaching health benefits in combatting obesity and obesity-related complications. Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV), produced by the gut and the brain in the presence of dietary lipids, is a well-known short-term satiating protein. While our previous studies have demonstrated reduced diet-induced thermogenesis in ApoA-IV-deficient mice, it is unclear whether this reduction is due to a loss of peripheral or central effects of ApoA-IV. We hypothesized that central administration of ApoA-IV stimulates BAT thermogenesis and that sympathetic and sensory innervation is necessary for this action. To test this hypothesis, mice with unilateral denervation of interscapular BAT received central injections of recombinant ApoA-IV protein or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The effects of central ApoA-IV on BAT temperature and thermogenesis in mice with unilateral denervation of the intrascapular BAT were monitored using transponder probe implantation, qPCR, and immunoblots. Relative to CSF, central administration of ApoA-IV significantly increased temperature and UCP expression in BAT. However, all of these effects were significantly attenuated or prevented in mice with unilateral denervation. Together, these results clearly demonstrate that ApoA-IV regulates BAT thermogenesis centrally, and this effect is mediated through sympathetic and sensory nerves.
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23
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Novel approach to quantify mitochondrial content and intrinsic bioenergetic efficiency across organs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17599. [PMID: 33077793 PMCID: PMC7572412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human disease pathophysiology commonly involves metabolic disruption at both the cellular and subcellular levels. Isolated mitochondria are a powerful model for separating global cellular changes from intrinsic mitochondrial alterations. However, common laboratory practices for isolating mitochondria (e.g., differential centrifugation) routinely results in organelle preparations with variable mitochondrial purity. To overcome this issue, we developed a mass spectrometry-based method that quantitatively evaluates sample-specific percent mitochondrial enrichment. Sample-specific mitochondrial enrichment was then used to correct various biochemical readouts of mitochondrial function to a ‘fixed’ amount of mitochondrial protein, thus allowing for intrinsic mitochondrial bioenergetics, relative to the underlying proteome, to be assessed across multiple mouse tissues (e.g., heart, brown adipose, kidney, liver). Our results support the use of mitochondrial-targeted nLC-MS/MS as a method to quantitate mitochondrial enrichment on a per-sample basis, allowing for unbiased comparison of functional parameters between populations of mitochondria isolated from metabolically distinct tissues. This method can easily be applied across multiple experimental settings in which intrinsic shifts in the mitochondrial network are suspected of driving a given physiological or pathophysiological outcome.
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24
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Li X, Zhang W, Cao Q, Wang Z, Zhao M, Xu L, Zhuang Q. Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibrotic diseases. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:80. [PMID: 32963808 PMCID: PMC7474731 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although fibrosis is a common pathological feature of most end-stage organ diseases, its pathogenesis remains unclear. There is growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the development and progression of fibrosis. The heart, liver, kidney and lung are highly oxygen-consuming organs that are sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the fibrotic process of skin and islet is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction as well. This review summarized emerging mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction in different fibrotic organs and tissues above. First, it highlighted the important elucidation of mitochondria morphological changes, mitochondrial membrane potential and structural damage, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and reactive oxidative species (ROS) production, etc. Second, it introduced the abnormality of mitophagy and mitochondrial transfer also contributed to the fibrotic process. Therefore, with gaining the increasing knowledge of mitochondrial structure, function, and origin, we could kindle a new era for the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of many fibrotic diseases based on mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Qingtai Cao
- Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Pediatric Department of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Linyong Xu
- School of Life Science, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Quan Zhuang
- Transplantation Center of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
- Research Center of National Health Ministry on Transplantation Medicine, 410013 Changsha, Hunan China
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25
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Koh JH, Kim KH, Park SY, Kim YW, Kim JY. PPARδ Attenuates Alcohol-Mediated Insulin Resistance by Enhancing Fatty Acid-Induced Mitochondrial Uncoupling and Antioxidant Defense in Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2020; 11:749. [PMID: 32760285 PMCID: PMC7372095 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption leads to the dysfunction of multiple organs including liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. Alcohol effects on insulin resistance in liver are well evidenced, whereas its effects in skeletal muscle remain controversial. Emerging evidence indicates that alcohol promotes adipose tissue dysfunction, which may induce organ dysregulation. We show that consumption of ethanol (EtOH) reduces the activation of 5′AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) as well as the protein of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) in C2C12 myotube. We observed that chronic EtOH consumption increases free fatty acid levels in plasma and triglyceride (TG) accumulation in skeletal muscle and that these increases induce insulin resistance and decrease glucose uptake. Hence, ethanol dysregulates metabolic factors and induces TG accumulation. We found peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARδ) activation recovers AMPK activation and increases carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) protein. These effects may contribute to enhance mitochondrial activation via uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) when fatty acids are used as a substrate, thus reduces EtOH-induced increases in TG levels in skeletal muscle. In addition, PPARδ activation recovered EtOH-induced loss of protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation at serine 473 via rapamycin-insensitive companion of mammalian target of rapamycin (Rictor) activation. Importantly, PPARδ activation enhanced mitochondrial uncoupling via UCP3. Taken together, the study shows PPARδ enhances fatty acid utilization and uncoupled respiration via UCP3 and protects against EtOH-induced lipotoxicity and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Koh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sol-Yi Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
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26
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Bal NC, Periasamy M. Uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump activity by sarcolipin as the basis for muscle non-shivering thermogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190135. [PMID: 31928193 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermogenesis in endotherms relies on both shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). The role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in NST is well recognized, but the role of muscle-based NST has been contested. However, recent studies have provided substantial evidence for the importance of muscle-based NST in mammals. This review focuses primarily on the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-cycling in muscle NST; specifically, it will discuss recent data showing how uncoupling of sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) (inhibition of Ca2+ transport but not ATP hydrolysis) by sarcolipin (SLN) results in futile SERCA pump activity, increased ATP hydrolysis and heat production contributing to muscle NST. It will also critically examine how activation of muscle NST can be an important factor in regulating metabolic rate and whole-body energy homeostasis. In this regard, SLN has emerged as a powerful signalling molecule to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in muscle. Furthermore, we will discuss the functional interplay between BAT and muscle, especially with respect to how reduced BAT function in mammals could be compensated by muscle-based NST. Based on the existing data, we argue that SLN-mediated thermogenesis is an integral part of muscle NST and that muscle NST potentially contributed to the evolution of endothermy within the vertebrate clade. This article is part of the theme issue 'Vertebrate palaeophysiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh C Bal
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751021, India
| | - Muthu Periasamy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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27
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Zhang Y, Yan H, Zhou P, Zhang Z, Liu J, Zhang H. MicroRNA-152 Promotes Slow-Twitch Myofiber Formation via Targeting Uncoupling Protein-3 Gene. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090669. [PMID: 31509946 PMCID: PMC6769457 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The differences of pork quality characteristics among different pig breeds mainly came from the differences in myofiber type compositions. Growing evidence indicated the key role of miRNAs in myofiber specification. In the present study, we found that miR-152 is more abundant in the slow-twitch myofiber-enriched muscles. However, its role in myofiber type transformation and myogenesis is largely unknown. Overexpression of miR-152 in porcine myotubes promoted the formation of slow-twitch myofibers and myogenesis. While, inhibition of miR-152 expression showed the opposite effect to miR-152 mimics transfection. The luciferase reporter analysis confirmed that miR-152 straightly targets the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) to cause its post-transcriptional inhibition in the protein level. The knockdown of UCP3 by siRNA showed the similar effect of miR-152 on myofiber type transition. Furthermore, the rescue experiment in the porcine myotube transfected with miR-152 mimics or/and UCP3 overexpression plasmid with or without the 3'UTR revealed that UCP3 mediates the action of miR-152 in slow-twitch myofiber formation. Taken together, our findings proposed a novel molecular mechanism through which miR-152 epigenetically regulates meat quality via promoting slow-twitch myofiber formation and skeletal myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Honglin Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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28
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Di Meo S, Napolitano G, Venditti P. Mediators of Physical Activity Protection against ROS-Linked Skeletal Muscle Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3024. [PMID: 31226872 PMCID: PMC6627449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Unaccustomed and/or exhaustive exercise generates excessive free radicals and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species leading to muscle oxidative stress-related damage and impaired contractility. Conversely, a moderate level of free radicals induces the body's adaptive responses. Thus, a low oxidant level in resting muscle is essential for normal force production, and the production of oxidants during each session of physical training increases the body's antioxidant defenses. Mitochondria, NADPH oxidases and xanthine oxidases have been identified as sources of free radicals during muscle contraction, but the exact mechanisms underlying exercise-induced harmful or beneficial effects yet remain elusive. However, it is clear that redox signaling influences numerous transcriptional activators, which regulate the expression of genes involved in changes in muscle phenotype. The mitogen-activated protein kinase family is one of the main links between cellular oxidant levels and skeletal muscle adaptation. The family components phosphorylate and modulate the activities of hundreds of substrates, including transcription factors involved in cell response to oxidative stress elicited by exercise in skeletal muscle. To elucidate the complex role of ROS in exercise, here we reviewed the literature dealing on sources of ROS production and concerning the most important redox signaling pathways, including MAPKs that are involved in the responses to acute and chronic exercise in the muscle, particularly those involved in the induction of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Gaetana Napolitano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, via Acton n. 38-I-80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy.
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29
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Jarmuszkiewicz W, Szewczyk A. Energy-dissipating hub in muscle mitochondria: Potassium channels and uncoupling proteins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 664:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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Speijer D. Can All Major ROS Forming Sites of the Respiratory Chain Be Activated By High FADH 2 /NADH Ratios?: Ancient evolutionary constraints determine mitochondrial ROS formation. Bioessays 2018; 41:e1800180. [PMID: 30512221 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Aspects of peroxisome evolution, uncoupling, carnitine shuttles, supercomplex formation, and missing neuronal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in respiratory chains. Oxidation of substrates with high FADH2 /NADH (F/N) ratios (e.g., FAs) initiate ROS formation in Complex I due to insufficient availability of its electron acceptor (Q) and reverse electron transport from QH2 , e.g., during FAO or glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle use. Here it is proposed that the Q-cycle of Complex III contributes to enhanced ROS formation going from low F/N ratio substrates (glucose) to high F/N substrates. This contribution is twofold: 1) Complex III uses Q as substrate, thus also competing with Complex I; 2) Complex III itself will produce more ROS under these conditions. I link this scenario to the universally observed Complex III dimerization. The Q-cycle of Complex III thus again illustrates the tension between efficient ATP generation and endogenous ROS formation. This model can explain recent findings concerning succinate and ROS-induced uncoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Speijer
- Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Room K1-257, 1105, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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31
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Gui L, Jia J. Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the UCP3 and FOXO1
genes on carcass quality traits in Qinchuan cattle. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/97366/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Garlid KD, Jabůrek M. Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins: Subtle Regulators of Cellular Redox Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:667-714. [PMID: 29351723 PMCID: PMC6071544 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are the energetic, metabolic, redox, and information signaling centers of the cell. Substrate pressure, mitochondrial network dynamics, and cristae morphology state are integrated by the protonmotive force Δp or its potential component, ΔΨ, which are attenuated by proton backflux into the matrix, termed uncoupling. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP1-5) play an eminent role in the regulation of each of the mentioned aspects, being involved in numerous physiological events including redox signaling. Recent Advances: UCP2 structure, including purine nucleotide and fatty acid (FA) binding sites, strongly support the FA cycling mechanism: UCP2 expels FA anions, whereas uncoupling is achieved by the membrane backflux of protonated FA. Nascent FAs, cleaved by phospholipases, are preferential. The resulting Δp dissipation decreases superoxide formation dependent on Δp. UCP-mediated antioxidant protection and its impairment are expected to play a major role in cell physiology and pathology. Moreover, UCP2-mediated aspartate, oxaloacetate, and malate antiport with phosphate is expected to alter metabolism of cancer cells. CRITICAL ISSUES A wide range of UCP antioxidant effects and participations in redox signaling have been reported; however, mechanisms of UCP activation are still debated. Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources. Rapid UCP2 degradation, FA levels, elevation of purine nucleotides, decreased Mg2+, or increased pyruvate accumulation may initiate UCP-mediated redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Issues such as UCP2 participation in glucose sensing, neuronal (synaptic) function, and immune cell activation should be elucidated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 667-714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Keith D Garlid
- 2 UCLA Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
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33
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Cadenas S. Mitochondrial uncoupling, ROS generation and cardioprotection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:940-950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Ferreira CM, Oliveira MP, Paes MC, Oliveira MF. Modulation of mitochondrial metabolism as a biochemical trait in blood feeding organisms: the redox vampire hypothesis redux. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:683-700. [PMID: 29384241 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematophagous organisms undergo remarkable metabolic changes during the blood digestion process, increasing fermentative glucose metabolism, and reducing respiratory rates, both consequence of functional mitochondrial remodeling. Here, we review the pathways involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial functionality in a comparative framework across different hematophagous species, and consider how these processes regulate redox homeostasis during blood digestion. The trend across distinct species indicate that a switch in energy metabolism might represent an important defensive mechanism to avoid the potential harmful interaction of oxidants generated from aerobic energy metabolism with products derived from blood digestion. Indeed, in insect vectors, blood feeding transiently reduces respiratory rates and oxidant production, irrespective of tissue and insect model. On the other hand, a different scenario is observed in several unrelated parasite species when exposed to blood digestion products, as respiratory rates reduce and mitochondrial oxidant production increase. The emerging picture indicates that re-wiring of energy metabolism, through reduced mitochondrial function, culminates in improved tolerance to redox insults and seems to represent a key step for hematophagous organisms to cope with the overwhelming and potentially toxic blood meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Ferreira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Matheus P Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Marcia C Paes
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Marcus F Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
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35
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Kane MS, Paris A, Codron P, Cassereau J, Procaccio V, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Chevrollier A. Current mechanistic insights into the CCCP-induced cell survival response. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 148:100-110. [PMID: 29277693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The ring-substituted derivatives of carbonyl cyanide phenylhydrazone, CCCP and FCCP, are routinely used for the analysis of the mitochondrial function in living cells, tissues, and isolated mitochondrial preparations. CCCP and FCCP are now being increasingly used for investigating the mechanisms of autophagy by inducing mitochondrial degradation through the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Sustained perturbation of ΔΨm, which is normally tightly controlled to ensure cell proliferation and survival, triggers various stress pathways as part of the cellular adaptive response, the main components of which are mitophagy and autophagy. We here review current mechanistic insights into the induction of mitophagy and autophagy by CCCP and FCCP. In particular, we analyze the cellular modifications produced by the activation of two major pathways involving the signaling of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the transcription factor EB (TFEB), and discuss the contribution of these pathways to the integrated cellular stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariame Selma Kane
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Aurelien Paris
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Philippe Codron
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Julien Cassereau
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Chevrollier
- MitoLab, Mitochondrial Medicine Research Centre, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM 1083, Institut MitoVasc, University of Angers, 49933 Angers, France.
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Chen J, Wong HS, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Ko KM. Ursolic acid induces mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of AMPK and PGC-1 in C2C12 myotubes: a possible mechanism underlying its beneficial effect on exercise endurance. Food Funct 2017; 8:2425-2436. [PMID: 28675237 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis, which involves an increase in mitochondrial number and the overall capacity of oxidative phosphorylation, is a critical determinant of skeletal muscle function. Recent findings have shown that some natural products can enhance mitochondrial adaptation to aerobic exercise, which in turn improves exercise performance, presumably by delaying muscle fatigue. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural triterpene, is commonly found in various vegetables and fruits. In the current study, UA was shown to increase mitochondrial mass and ATP generation capacity, with a concomitant production of a low level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C2C12 myotubes. Mitochondrial ROS, in turn, activated the redox sensitive adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1(PGC-1) pathway. The activation of AMPK/PGC-1 further increased the expression of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and uncoupling protein 3. Animal studies showed that UA can also dose-dependently increase the endurance exercise capacity in mice, as assessed by a weight-loaded swimming test and a hanging wire test. Our findings suggest that UA may induce mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of AMPK and PGC-1 pathways in skeletal muscle, thereby offering a promising prospect for its use to enhance exercise endurance and alleviating fatigue in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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37
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Larbig R, Reda S, Paar V, Trost A, Leitner J, Weichselbaumer S, Motloch KA, Wernly B, Arrer A, Strauss B, Lichtenauer M, Reitsamer HA, Eckardt L, Seebohm G, Hoppe UC, Motloch LJ. Through modulation of cardiac Ca2+handling, UCP2 affects cardiac electrophysiology and influences the susceptibility for Ca2+-mediated arrhythmias. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:650-662. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Larbig
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; University Hospital Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Sara Reda
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Vera Paar
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Johannes Leitner
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | | | - Karolina A. Motloch
- Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Bernhard Wernly
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Andreas Arrer
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Benjamin Strauss
- Cardiovascular Institute; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; New York NY USA
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Herbert A. Reitsamer
- Research Program for Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, University Clinic of Ophthalmology and Optometry; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Lars Eckardt
- Division of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; University Hospital Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IFGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; University Hospital Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Uta C. Hoppe
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
| | - Lukas J. Motloch
- Department of Internal Medicine II; Paracelsus Medical University/SALK; Salzburg Austria
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38
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Aguer C, Piccolo BD, Fiehn O, Adams SH, Harper ME. A novel amino acid and metabolomics signature in mice overexpressing muscle uncoupling protein 3. FASEB J 2017; 31:814-827. [PMID: 27871066 PMCID: PMC5240668 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600914r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is highly selectively expressed in skeletal muscle and is known to lower mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and promote fatty acid oxidation; however, the global impact of UCP3 activity on skeletal muscle and whole-body metabolism have not been extensively studied. We utilized untargeted metabolomics to identify novel metabolites that distinguish mice overexpressing UCP3 in muscle, both at rest and after exercise regimens that challenged muscle metabolism, to potentially unmask subtle phenotypes. Male wild-type (WT) and muscle-specific UCP3-overexpressing transgenic (UCP3 Tg) C57BL/6J mice were compared with or without a 5 wk endurance training protocol at rest or after an acute exercise bout (EB). Skeletal muscle, liver, and plasma samples were analyzed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Discriminant metabolites were considered if within the top 99th percentile of variable importance measurements obtained from partial least-squares discriminant analysis models. A total of 80 metabolites accurately discriminated UCP3 Tg mice from WT when modeled within a specific exercise condition (i.e., untrained/rested, endurance trained/rested, untrained/EB, and endurance trained/EB). Results revealed that several amino acids and amino acid derivatives in skeletal muscle and plasma of UCP3 Tg mice (e.g., Asp, Glu, Lys, Tyr, Ser, Met) were significantly reduced after an EB; that metabolites associated with skeletal muscle glutathione/Met/Cys metabolism (2-hydroxybutanoic acid, oxoproline, Gly, and Glu) were altered in UCP3 Tg mice across all training and exercise conditions; and that muscle metabolite indices of dehydrogenase activity were increased in UCP3 Tg mice, suggestive of a shift in tissue NADH/NAD+ ratio. The results indicate that mitochondrial UCP3 activity affects metabolism well beyond fatty acid oxidation, regulating biochemical pathways associated with amino acid metabolism and redox status. That select metabolites were altered in liver of UCP3 Tg mice highlights that changes in muscle UCP3 activity can also affect other organ systems, presumably through changes in systemic metabolite trafficking.-Aguer, C., Piccolo, B. D., Fiehn, O., Adams, S. H., Harper, M.-E. A novel amino acid and metabolomics signature in mice overexpressing muscle uncoupling protein 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Aguer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Institut de Recherche de l'Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian D Piccolo
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and
| | - Sean H Adams
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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The conserved regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling proteins: From unicellular eukaryotes to mammals. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1858:21-33. [PMID: 27751905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) belong to the mitochondrial anion carrier protein family and mediate regulated proton leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Free fatty acids, aldehydes such as hydroxynonenal, and retinoids activate UCPs. However, there are some controversies about the effective action of retinoids and aldehydes alone; thus, only free fatty acids are commonly accepted positive effectors of UCPs. Purine nucleotides such as GTP inhibit UCP-mediated mitochondrial proton leak. In turn, membranous coenzyme Q may play a role as a redox state-dependent metabolic sensor that modulates the complete activation/inhibition of UCPs. Such regulation has been observed for UCPs in microorganisms, plant and animal UCP1 homologues, and UCP1 in mammalian brown adipose tissue. The origin of UCPs is still under debate, but UCP homologues have been identified in all systematic groups of eukaryotes. Despite the differing levels of amino acid/DNA sequence similarities, functional studies in unicellular and multicellular organisms, from amoebae to mammals, suggest that the mechanistic regulation of UCP activity is evolutionarily well conserved. This review focuses on the regulatory feedback loops of UCPs involving free fatty acids, aldehydes, retinoids, purine nucleotides, and coenzyme Q (particularly its reduction level), which may derive from the early stages of evolution as UCP first emerged.
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40
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Conley KE. Mitochondria to motion: optimizing oxidative phosphorylation to improve exercise performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:243-9. [PMID: 26792336 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.126623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria oxidize substrates to generate the ATP that fuels muscle contraction and locomotion. This review focuses on three steps in oxidative phosphorylation that have independent roles in setting the overall mitochondrial ATP flux and thereby have direct impact on locomotion. The first is the electron transport chain, which sets the pace for oxidation. New studies indicate that the electron transport chain capacity per mitochondria declines with age and disease, but can be revived by both acute and chronic treatments. The resulting higher ATP production is reflected in improved muscle power output and locomotory performance. The second step is the coupling of ATP supply from O2 uptake (mitochondrial coupling efficiency). Treatments that elevate mitochondrial coupling raise both exercise efficiency and the capacity for sustained exercise in both young and old muscle. The final step is ATP synthesis itself, which is under dynamic control at multiple sites to provide the 50-fold range of ATP flux between resting muscle and exercise at the mitochondrial capacity. Thus, malleability at sites in these subsystems of oxidative phosphorylation has an impact on ATP flux, with direct effects on exercise performance. Interventions are emerging that target these three independent subsystems to provide many paths to improve ATP flux and elevate the muscle performance lost to inactivity, age or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin E Conley
- Departments of Radiology, Physiology & Biophysics, and Bioengineering, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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41
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Motloch LJ, Gebing T, Reda S, Schwaiger A, Wolny M, Hoppe UC. UCP3 Regulates Single-Channel Activity of the Cardiac mCa1. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:577-84. [PMID: 27371160 PMCID: PMC4942494 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake (mCa(2+) uptake) is thought to be mediated by the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter (MCU). UCP2 and UCP3 belong to a superfamily of mitochondrial ion transporters. Both proteins are expressed in the inner mitochondrial membrane of the heart. Recently, UCP2 was reported to modulate the function of the cardiac MCU related channel mCa1. However, the possible role of UCP3 in modulating cardiac mCa(2+) uptake via the MCU remains inconclusive. To understand the role of UCP3, we analyzed cardiac mCa1 single-channel activity in mitoplast-attached single-channel recordings from isolated murine cardiac mitoplasts, from adult wild-type controls (WT), and from UCP3 knockout mice (UCP3(-/-)). Single-channel registrations in UCP3(-/-) confirmed a murine voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel, i.e., mCa1, which was inhibited by Ru360. Compared to WT, mCa1 in UCP3(-/-) revealed similar single-channel characteristics. However, in UCP3(-/-) the channel exhibited decreased single-channel activity, which was insensitive to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) inhibition. Our results suggest that beyond UCP2, UCP3 also exhibits regulatory effects on cardiac mCa1/MCU function. Furthermore, we speculate that UCP3 might modulate previously described inhibitory effects of ATP on mCa1/MCU activity as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Motloch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Tina Gebing
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sara Reda
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Astrid Schwaiger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Wolny
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Uta C Hoppe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020, Salzburg, Austria
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42
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Yue L, Yao H. Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory responses and cellular senescence: pathogenesis and pharmacological targets for chronic lung diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2305-18. [PMID: 27189175 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, which couple the various cellular processes that regulate metabolism, cell proliferation and survival. Environmental stress can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and dynamic changes including reduced mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production, as well as mitophagy impairment, which leads to increased ROS, inflammatory responses and cellular senescence. Oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular senescence all have important roles in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In this review, we discuss the current state on how mitochondrial dysfunction affects inflammatory responses and cellular senescence, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction underlying the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases and the potential of mitochondrial transfer and replacement as treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yue
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
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43
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Food restriction attenuates oxidative stress in brown adipose tissue of striped hamsters acclimated to a warm temperature. J Therm Biol 2016; 58:72-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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44
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van Bree BWJ, Lenaers E, Nabben M, Briedé JJ, Jörgensen JA, Schaart G, Schrauwen P, Hoeks J, Hesselink MKC. A genistein-enriched diet neither improves skeletal muscle oxidative capacity nor prevents the transition towards advanced insulin resistance in ZDF rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22854. [PMID: 26973284 PMCID: PMC4789602 DOI: 10.1038/srep22854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein, a natural food compound mainly present in soybeans, is considered a potent antioxidant and to improve glucose homeostasis. However, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed whether genistein could antagonize the progression of the hyperinsulinemic normoglycemic state (pre-diabetes) toward full-blown T2DM in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats by decreasing mitochondrial oxidative stress and improving skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. Rats were assigned to three groups: (1) lean control (CNTL), (2) fa/fa CNTL, and (3) fa/fa genistein (GEN). GEN animals were subjected to a 0.02% (w/w) genistein-enriched diet for 8 weeks, whereas CNTL rats received a standard diet. We show that genistein did not affect the overall response to a glucose challenge in ZDF rats. In fact, genistein may exacerbate glucose intolerance as fasting glucose levels were significantly higher in fa/fa GEN (17.6 ± 0.7 mM) compared with fa/fa CNTL animals (14.9 ± 1.4 mM). Oxidative stress, established by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, carbonylated protein content and UCP3 levels, remained unchanged upon dietary genistein supplementation. Furthermore, respirometry measurements revealed no effects of genistein on mitochondrial function. In conclusion, dietary genistein supplementation did not improve glucose homeostasis, alleviate oxidative stress, or augment skeletal muscle metabolism in ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca W J van Bree
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Lenaers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco J Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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45
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Kikusato M, Muroi H, Uwabe Y, Furukawa K, Toyomizu M. Oleuropein induces mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases reactive oxygen species generation in cultured avian muscle cells, possibly via an up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α. Anim Sci J 2016; 87:1371-1378. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Kikusato
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Hikaru Muroi
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Yuichiro Uwabe
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kyohei Furukawa
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Masaaki Toyomizu
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
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46
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Hilse KE, Kalinovich AV, Rupprecht A, Smorodchenko A, Zeitz U, Staniek K, Erben RG, Pohl EE. The expression of UCP3 directly correlates to UCP1 abundance in brown adipose tissue. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1857:72-78. [PMID: 26518386 PMCID: PMC7115856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
UCP1 and UCP3 are members of the uncoupling protein (UCP) subfamily and are localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Whereas UCP1's central role in non-shivering thermogenesis is acknowledged, the function and even tissue expression pattern of UCP3 are still under dispute. Because UCP3 properties regarding transport of protons are qualitatively identical to those of UCP1, its expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT) alongside UCP1 requires justification. In this work, we tested whether any correlation exists between the expression of UCP1 and UCP3 in BAT by quantification of protein amounts in mouse tissues at physiological conditions, in cold-acclimated and UCP1 knockout mice. Quantification using recombinant UCP3 revealed that the UCP3 amount in BAT (0.51ng/(μg total tissue protein)) was nearly one order of magnitude higher than that in muscles and heart. Cold-acclimated mice showed an approximate three-fold increase in UCP3 abundance in BAT in comparison to mice in thermoneutral conditions. Surprisingly, we found a significant decrease of UCP3 in BAT of UCP1 knockout mice, whereas the protein amount in skeletal and heart muscles remained constant. UCP3 abundance decreased even more in cold-acclimated UCP1 knockout mice. Protein quantification in UCP3 knockout mice revealed no compensatory increase in UCP1 or UCP2 expression. Our results do not support the participation of UCP3 in thermogenesis in the absence of UCP1 in BAT, but clearly demonstrate the correlation in abundance between both proteins. The latter is important for understanding UCP3's function in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina E Hilse
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasia V Kalinovich
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Rupprecht
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina Smorodchenko
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute Zeitz
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Staniek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena E Pohl
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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47
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Diolez P, Bourdel-Marchasson I, Calmettes G, Pasdois P, Detaille D, Rouland R, Gouspillou G. Hypothesis on Skeletal Muscle Aging: Mitochondrial Adenine Nucleotide Translocator Decreases Reactive Oxygen Species Production While Preserving Coupling Efficiency. Front Physiol 2015; 6:369. [PMID: 26733871 PMCID: PMC4679911 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane potential is the major regulator of mitochondrial functions, including coupling efficiency and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Both functions are crucial for cell bioenergetics. We previously presented evidences for a specific modulation of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) appearing during aging that results in a decrease in membrane potential - and therefore ROS production-but surprisingly increases coupling efficiency under conditions of low ATP turnover. Careful study of the bioenergetic parameters (oxidation and phosphorylation rates, membrane potential) of isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscles (gastrocnemius) of aged and young rats revealed a remodeling at the level of the phosphorylation system, in the absence of alteration of the inner mitochondrial membrane (uncoupling) or respiratory chain complexes regulation. We further observed a decrease in mitochondrial affinity for ADP in aged isolated mitochondria, and higher sensitivity of ANT to its specific inhibitor atractyloside. This age-induced modification of ANT results in an increase in the ADP concentration required to sustain the same ATP turnover as compared to young muscle, and therefore in a lower membrane potential under phosphorylating-in vivo-conditions. Thus, for equivalent ATP turnover (cellular ATP demand), coupling efficiency is even higher in aged muscle mitochondria, due to the down-regulation of inner membrane proton leak caused by the decrease in membrane potential. In the framework of the radical theory of aging, these modifications in ANT function may be the result of oxidative damage caused by intra mitochondrial ROS and may appear like a virtuous circle where ROS induce a mechanism that reduces their production, without causing uncoupling, and even leading in improved efficiency. Because of the importance of ROS as therapeutic targets, this new mechanism deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Diolez
- INSERM U1045 - Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux and LIRYC, Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Bourdel-Marchasson
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie CliniqueBordeaux, France; Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de BordeauxBordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Calmettes
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Philippe Pasdois
- INSERM U1045 - Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux and LIRYC, Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux Pessac, France
| | - Dominique Detaille
- INSERM U1045 - Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux and LIRYC, Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux Pessac, France
| | - Richard Rouland
- Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Département des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Université du Québec À Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
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48
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Carson JA, Hardee JP, VanderVeen BN. The emerging role of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism as a biological target and cellular regulator of cancer-induced muscle wasting. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 54:53-67. [PMID: 26593326 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
While skeletal muscle mass is an established primary outcome related to understanding cancer cachexia mechanisms, considerable gaps exist in our understanding of muscle biochemical and functional properties that have recognized roles in systemic health. Skeletal muscle quality is a classification beyond mass, and is aligned with muscle's metabolic capacity and substrate utilization flexibility. This supplies an additional role for the mitochondria in cancer-induced muscle wasting. While the historical assessment of mitochondria content and function during cancer-induced muscle loss was closely aligned with energy flux and wasting susceptibility, this understanding has expanded to link mitochondria dysfunction to cellular processes regulating myofiber wasting. The primary objective of this article is to highlight muscle mitochondria and oxidative metabolism as a biological target of cancer cachexia and also as a cellular regulator of cancer-induced muscle wasting. Initially, we examine the role of muscle metabolic phenotype and mitochondria content in cancer-induced wasting susceptibility. We then assess the evidence for cancer-induced regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy, and oxidative stress. In addition, we discuss environments associated with cancer cachexia that can impact the regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. The article also examines the role of cytokine-mediated regulation of mitochondria function, followed by the potential role of cancer-induced hypogonadism. Lastly, a role for decreased muscle use in cancer-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Carson
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St., Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Justin P Hardee
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St., Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly St., Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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Understanding the origin of non-immune cell-mediated weakness in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies – potential role of ER stress pathways. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2015; 27:580-5. [DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Zhao XY, Zhang JY, Cao J, Zhao ZJ. Oxidative Damage Does Not Occur in Striped Hamsters Raising Natural and Experimentally Increased Litter Size. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141604. [PMID: 26505889 PMCID: PMC4624642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Life-history theory assumes that animals can balance the allocation of limited energy or resources to the competing demands of growth, reproduction and somatic maintenance, while consequently maximizing their fitness. However, somatic damage caused by oxidative stress in reproductive female animals is species-specific or is tissue dependent. In the present study, several markers of oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 and malonadialdehyde, MDA) and antioxidant (catalase, CAT and total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC) were examined in striped hamsters during different stages of reproduction with experimentally manipulated litter size. Energy intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and UCP3 in skeletal muscle were also examined. H2O2 and MDA levels did not change in BAT and liver, although they significantly decreased in skeletal muscle in the lactating hamsters compared to the non-reproductive group. However, H2O2 levels in the brain were significantly higher in lactating hamsters than non-reproductive controls. Experimentally increasing litter size did not cause oxidative stress in BAT, liver and skeletal muscle, but significantly elevated H2O2 levels in the brain. CAT activity of liver decreased, but CAT and T-AOC activity of BAT, skeletal muscle and the brain did not change in lactating hamsters compared to non-reproductive controls. Both antioxidants did not change with the experimentally increasing litter size. RMR significantly increased, but BAT UCP1 mRNA expression decreased with the experimentally increased litter size, suggesting that it was against simple positive links between metabolic rate, UCP1 expression and free radicals levels. It may suggest that the cost of reproduction has negligible effect on oxidative stress or even attenuates oxidative stress in some active tissues in an extensive range of animal species. But the increasing reproductive effort may cause oxidative stress in the brain, indicating that oxidative stress in response to reproduction is tissue dependent. These findings provide partial support for the life-history theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ji-Ying Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jing Cao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- * E-mail:
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