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Zhang X, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Li Y. NRF2 in age-related musculoskeletal diseases: Role and treatment prospects. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101180. [PMID: 39281838 PMCID: PMC11400624 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The NRF2 pathway is a metabolic- and redox-sensitive signaling axis in which the transcription factor controls the expression of a multitude of genes that enable cells to survive environmental stressors, such as oxidative stress, mainly by inducing the expression of cytoprotective genes. Basal NRF2 levels are maintained under normal physiological conditions, but when exposed to oxidative stress, cells activate the NRF2 pathway, which is crucial for supporting cell survival. Recently, the NRF2 pathway has been found to have novel functions in metabolic regulation and interplay with other signaling pathways, offering novel insights into the treatment of various diseases. Numerous studies have shown that targeting its pathway can effectively investigate the development and progression of age-related musculoskeletal diseases, such as sarcopenia, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and intervertebral disc degeneration. Appropriate regulation of the NRF2 pathway flux holds promise as a means to improve musculoskeletal function, thereby providing a new avenue for drug treatment of age-related musculoskeletal diseases in clinical settings. The review summarized an overview of the relationship between NRF2 and cellular processes such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, ferroptosis, and autophagy, and explores the potential of targeted NRF2 regulation in the treatment of age-related musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Ren Q, Dong Y, Huang Y, Xiao J, Ma Y, Liu Y, Sun H, Dai Y, Shi C, Wang S. Nrf2 induces angiogenesis in spinal cystic echinococcosis by activating autophagy via regulating oxidative stress. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116337. [PMID: 38844265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a rare but malignant zoonosis that can cause disability or even death in more than half of patients. Due to the complex pathological features, it is not curable by conventional drugs and surgery, so new therapeutic targets urgently need to be discovered. In this study, we clarify the occurrence of the phenomenon of spinal encapsulation angiogenesis and explore its underlying molecular mechanisms. A co-culture system was established by protoscoleces (PSCs) with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) which showed a high expression level of Nrf2. A short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and Sulforaphane (SFN) affecting the expression of Nrf2 were used to treat HUVECs. The results showed that Nrf2 could promote the tube formation of HUVECs. Nrf2 also exerts a protective effect against HUVECs, which is achieved by promoting NQO1 expression to stabilize ROS levels. Furthermore, autophagy activation significantly promotes angiogenesis in the spinal echinococcosis model (SEM) as a result of Nrf2 regulation of oxidative stress. These results suggest that the ROS/Nrf2/autophagy axis can induce angiogenesis and may be a potential target for the treatment of spinal cystic echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ren
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Yimin Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430101, China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Yibo Ma
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Haohao Sun
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China
| | - Chenhui Shi
- Laboratory for Bone Cystic Echinococcosis Research, Orthopaedic Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 832000, China.
| | - Sibo Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Affiliated HongHui Hospital, Xi'an 710054, China.
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Ajibare AJ, Odetayo AF, Akintoye OO, Oladotun AJ, Hamed MA. Zinc abates sodium benzoate -induced testicular dysfunction via upregulation of Nrf2/ HO-1/ Nf-κB signaling and androgen receptor gene. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 86:127505. [PMID: 39106537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium Benzoate (SB) is used in daily products such as drinks, juices, sauces, oils, ketchup, toothpaste, mouthwashes, cosmetics, dentifrices, and pharmaceutical products. However, SB has been implicated in gonadotoxicity even at a dosage within the safe limit. Zinc (Zn), on the other hand, has been shown to improve various fertility indices. Hence, this study was designed to explore the possible ameliorative effect of Zn on SB-induced testicular toxicity. METHODS Animals were randomly divided into control, SB, Zn, and SB+Zn. All treatment lasted for 28 days. RESULTS SB treatment caused a derangement in reproductive hormone levels, sperm function, and kinematics and a down-regulation of the Androgen receptor (ANDR). Also, a decrease in testicular levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, Nrf2, and HO- 1 activity and an increase in IL-1β, TNF-α, Nf-κB, and Caspase 3 were observed. These SB-induced distortions were ameliorated in SB-treated rats exposed to Zn. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that zinc abates SB-induced testicular toxicity by modulating Nrf2/HO-1/ Nf-κB signaling and ANDR upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Johnson Ajibare
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria
| | - Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences, Ila Orangun, Nigeria.
| | - Olabode Oluwadare Akintoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Moses Agbomhere Hamed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria; The Brainwill Laboratories and Biomedical Services, Osogbo, Nigeria
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Cai H, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Lu Q, Hong W, Guo Q, Zheng S. Miao medicine Gu Yan Xiao tincture inhibits mTOR to stimulate chondrocyte autophagy in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118095. [PMID: 38548121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Gu Yan Xiao tincture, a blend of traditional Chinese herbs, is traditionally used for osteoarthritis and related pain. This study investigated its mechanism of action in order to rationalize and validate its therapeutic use. AIM OF THE STUDY This study analyzed, in a rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis, whether and how Gu Yan Xiao tincture exerts therapeutic benefits by modulating chondrocyte autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active constituents within the GYX tincture were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The rabbit model was established by injecting animals with type II collagenase intra-articularly, and the effects of topically applied tincture were examined on osteoarthritis lesions of the knee using histopathology, micro-computed tomography and x-ray imaging. Effects of the tincture were also evaluated on levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteases, and autophagy in chondrocytes. As a positive control, animals were treated with sodium diclofenac. RESULTS The tincture mitigated the reduction in joint space, hyperplasia of the synovium and matrix metalloproteases in serum that occurred after injection of type II collagenase in rabbits. These therapeutic effects were associated with inhibition of mTOR and activation of autophagy in articular chondrocytes. Inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin potentiated the therapeutic effects of the tincture, while inhibiting autophagy with 3-methyladenine antagonized them. CONCLUSIONS Gu Yan Xiao tincture mitigates tissue injury in a rabbit model of osteoarthritis, at least in part by inhibiting mTOR and thereby promoting autophagy in chondrocytes. These results rationalize the use of the tincture not only against osteoarthritis but also potentially other diseases involving inhibition of autophagy in bones and joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Cai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yuhao Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yinying Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Wu Hong
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Qiucheng Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shuguang Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Kombe Kombe AJ, Fotoohabadi L, Nanduri R, Gerasimova Y, Daskou M, Gain C, Sharma E, Wong M, Kelesidis T. The Role of the Nrf2 Pathway in Airway Tissue Damage Due to Viral Respiratory Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7042. [PMID: 39000157 PMCID: PMC11241721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses constitute a significant cause of illness and death worldwide. Respiratory virus-associated injuries include oxidative stress, ferroptosis, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, fibrosis, autoimmunity, and vascular injury. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the pathophysiology of viral infection and associated complications. It has thus emerged as a pivotal player in cellular defense mechanisms against such damage. Here, we discuss the impact of Nrf2 activation on airway injuries induced by respiratory viruses, including viruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. The inhibition or deregulation of Nrf2 pathway activation induces airway tissue damage in the presence of viral respiratory infections. In contrast, Nrf2 pathway activation demonstrates protection against tissue and organ injuries. Clinical trials involving Nrf2 agonists are needed to define the effect of Nrf2 therapeutics on airway tissues and organs damaged by viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud John Kombe Kombe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Leila Fotoohabadi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Yulia Gerasimova
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
| | - Maria Daskou
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Chandrima Gain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eashan Sharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (A.J.K.K.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Qiao L, Li Z, Shi P. Disease-modifying potential of diphenyl diselenide in an experimental osteoarthritis model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 710:149885. [PMID: 38588612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key factor in the disruption of cartilage homeostasis during the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Organic selenium (Se)-containing compounds such as diselenides have excellent antioxidant activity and may prevent related diseases. We aimed to examine the benefits of the synthetic small molecule diphenyl diselenide (DPDSe) in OA models in vitro and in vivo. Our findings showed that DPDSe could maintain extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis and inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. In a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA mouse model, intra-articular administration of DPDSe alleviated joint degeneration, as evidenced by a decrease in the OARSI score and the restoration of collagen II (COL2) and MMP-13 expression in cartilage tissues. We confirmed that DDS activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, and its chondroprotective effects were significantly counteracted when Nrf2 signaling was blocked by the inhibitor ML385 or by siRNA-mediated Nrf2 knockdown. The relatively strong performance of DPDSe makes it an ideal candidate for further trials as a disease-modifying OA drug (DMOAD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China
| | - Zhiyao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Peihua Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310016, PR China.
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Liu L, Zhang B, Zhou Z, Yang J, Li A, Wu Y, Peng Z, Li X, Liu Z, Leng X, Zhao C, Dong H, Zhao W. Integrated Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Approach to Investigate the Mechanisms of Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata - Angelica Sinensis - Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1583-1602. [PMID: 38765877 PMCID: PMC11102756 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s455006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a persistent degenerative condition characterized by the deterioration of cartilage. The Chinese herbal formula Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata- Angelica Sinensis-Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (RAR) has often been used in effective prescriptions for KOA as the main functional drug, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, network pharmacology and verification experiments were employed to investigate the impact and mode of action of RAR in the treatment of KOA. Methods The destabilization of the medial meniscus model (DMM) was utilized to assess the anti-KOA effect of RAR by using gait analysis, micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT), and histology. Primary chondrocytes were extracted from the rib cartilage of a newborn mouse. The protective effects of RAR on OA cells were evaluated using a CCK-8 assay. The antioxidative effect of RAR was determined by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) production. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking were utilized to propose possible RAR targets for KOA, which were further verified through experiments. Results In vivo, RAR significantly ameliorated DMM-induced KOA characteristics, such as subchondral bone sclerosis, cartilage deterioration, gait abnormalities, and the degree of knee swelling. In vitro, RAR stimulated chondrocyte proliferation and the expression of Col2a1, Comp, and Acan. Moreover, RAR treatment significantly reduced ROS accumulation in an OA cell model induced by IL-1β and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH). Network pharmacology analysis combined with molecular docking showed that Mapk1 might be a key therapeutic target. Subsequent research showed that RAR could downregulate Mapk1 mRNA levels in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes and DMM-induced rats. Conclusion RAR inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and oxidative stress response via the MAPK signaling pathway in KOA, and Mapk1 may be a core target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binghua Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Zhou
- Northeast Asia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ailin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongji Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Peng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Northeast Asia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Leng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changwei Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haisi Dong
- Northeast Asia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhai Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Saleh AK, El-Mahdy NA, El-Masry TA, El-Kadem AH. Trifluoperazine mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in mice by modulating the AKT/mTOR-driven autophagy and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling cascades. Life Sci 2024; 344:122566. [PMID: 38499285 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of the antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine (TFP) against cyclophosphamide (CPA)-induced hepatic injury by exploring its effect on autophagy and the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. MAIN METHODS The hepatotoxicity of CPA was assessed by biochemical analysis of the serum hepatotoxicity markers (ALT, AST, and direct bilirubin), histopathological examination, and ultrastructure analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ELISA technique was used to assess the hepatic content of oxidative stress (MDA and SOD) and inflammatory markers (IL-1β and TNF-α). Immunohistochemical assessment was used to investigate the hepatic expression of NF-κB, Nrf2, caspase-3, as well as autophagy flux markers (p62 and LC3B). The mRNA expression of HO-1 was assessed using RT-qPCR. Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR. KEY FINDINGS TFP improved CPA-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing the elevated hepatotoxicity markers, and alleviating the histopathological changes with improving ultrastructure alterations. It also reduced oxidative stress by reducing MDA content and upregulating SOD activity. In addition, it exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by decreasing NF-κB expression, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, TFP-induced hepatoprotection was mediated by favoring Nrf2 expression and increasing the mRNA level of HO-1. As well, it improved autophagy by increasing LC3B expression concurrently with reducing p62 expression. Moreover, TFP modulated the AKT/mTOR pathway by reducing the expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR. SIGNIFICANCE TFP significantly protected against CPA-induced hepatotoxicity by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling along with enhancement of protective autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Nageh A El-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Aya H El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Wei Q, Yu Z, Yang P, Chen X. Baicalin Maintains Articular Cartilage Homeostasis and Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Activating FOXO1. J Med Food 2024; 27:301-311. [PMID: 38377551 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Baicalin has been acknowledged for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, its potential impact on osteoarthritis (OA) has not yet been explored. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the effects of Baicalin on OA, both in laboratory and animal models. To evaluate its efficacy, human chondrocytes affected by OA were treated with interleukin-1β and/or Baicalin. The effects were then assessed through viability tests using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method and flow cytometry. In addition, we analyzed the expressions of various factors such as FOXO1, autophagy, apoptosis, and cartilage synthesis and breakdown to corroborate the effects of Baicalin. We also assessed the severity of OA through analysis of tissue samples. Our findings demonstrate that Baicalin effectively suppresses inflammatory cytokines and MMP-13 levels caused by collagenase-induced osteoarthritis, while simultaneously preserving the levels of Aggrecan and Col2. Furthermore, Baicalin has been shown to enhance autophagy. Through the use of FOXO1 inhibitors, lentivirus-mediated knockdown, and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we verified that Baicalin exerts its protective effects by activating FOXO1, which binds to the Beclin-1 promoter, thereby promoting autophagy. In conclusion, our results show that Baicalin has potential as a therapeutic agent for treating OA (Clinical Trial Registration number: 2023-61).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoping Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, China
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Mao T, Fan J. Myricetin Protects Against Rat Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Partly Through the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:950-967. [PMID: 37507641 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) play a significant role in the normal functioning of the IVD. Myricetin is an agent that exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various pathological conditions. Here, we investigated the ameliorative effects of myricetin on the IVD degeneration. NPCs were obtained from the IVD of rats, and were treated with myricetin (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 μM) for 24 h before 20 ng/mL IL-1β stimulation. RT-qPCR, western blotting, and ELISA were applied to evaluate the levels of inflammatory factors (iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2, and Nitrite) and extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated components (MMP13, ADAMTS-5, aggrecan, and collagen II) in NPCs. Activation status of related signaling pathways (NF-κB and Nrf2) was determined using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Experimental rat models of IDD were established using a needle puncture method. Myricetin (20 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally, and the degeneration was evaluated using histopathological analysis. Myricetin treatment attenuated the IL-1β-induced production of inflammatory factors in NPCs. Downregulation of aggrecan and collagen II as well as upregulation of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 in NPCs caused by IL-1β was reversed by myricetin treatment. Mechanistically, myricetin blocked NF-κB signaling by activation of Nrf2 in IL-1β-stimulated NPCs. Moreover, inhibition of Nrf2 reversed the protective effects of myricetin in NPCs. The in vivo experiments showed that myricetin ameliorated the IDD progression in rats. The present work suggests that Nrf2 is involved in the pathogenesis of IDD and shows the protective effects as well as the underlying mechanism of myricetin on Nrf2 activation in NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Mao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
| | - Junchi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics Ward 1, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 11, Lingjiaohu Road, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430015, Hubei, China.
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11
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Yang X, Mao Q, Wang B. On the Question of CO's Ability to Induce HO-1 Expression in Cell Culture: A Comparative Study Using Different CO Sources. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:725-735. [PMID: 38340055 PMCID: PMC10949199 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
With the recognition of the endogenous signaling roles and pharmacological functions of carbon monoxide (CO), there is an increasing need to understand CO's mechanism of actions. Along this line, chemical donors have been introduced as CO surrogates for ease of delivery, dosage control, and sometimes the ability to target. Among all of the donors, two ruthenium-carbonyl complexes, CORM-2 and -3, are arguably the most commonly used tools for about 20 years in studying the mechanism of actions of CO. Largely based on data using these two CORMs, there has been a widely accepted inference that the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression is one of the key mechanisms for CO's actions. However, recent years have seen reports of very pronounced chemical reactivities and CO-independent activities of these CORMs. We are interested in examining this question by conducting comparative studies using CO gas, CORM-2/-3, and organic CO donors in RAW264.7, HeLa, and HepG2 cell cultures. CORM-2 and CORM-3 treatment showed significant dose-dependent induction of HO-1 compared to "controls," while incubation for 6 h with 250-500 ppm CO gas did not increase the HO-1 protein expression and mRNA transcription level. A further increase of the CO concentration to 5% did not lead to HO-1 expression either. Additionally, we demonstrate that CORM-2/-3 releases minimal amounts of CO under the experimental conditions. These results indicate that the HO-1 induction effects of CORM-2/-3 are not attributable to CO. We also assessed two organic CO prodrugs, BW-CO-103 and BW-CO-111. BW-CO-111 but not BW-CO-103 dose-dependently increased HO-1 levels in RAW264.7 and HeLa cells. We subsequently studied the mechanism of induction with an Nrf2-luciferase reporter assay, showing that the HO-1 induction activity is likely due to the activation of Nrf2 by the CO donors. Overall, CO alone is unable to induce HO-1 or activate Nrf2 under various conditions in vitro. As such, there is no evidence to support attributing the HO-1 induction effect of the CO donors such as CORM-2/-3 and BW-CO-111 in cell culture to CO. This comparative study demonstrates the critical need to consider possible CO-independent effects of a chemical CO donor before attributing the observed biological effects to CO. It is also important to note that such in vitro results cannot be directly extrapolated to in vivo studies because of the increased level of complexity and the likelihood of secondary and/or synergistic effects in the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Qiyue Mao
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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12
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Xu J, Ruan Z, Guo Z, Hou L, Wang G, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Liu H, Sun K, Guo F. Inhibition of SAT1 alleviates chondrocyte inflammation and ferroptosis by repressing ALOX15 expression and activating the Nrf2 pathway. Bone Joint Res 2024; 13:110-123. [PMID: 38447596 PMCID: PMC10917474 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.133.bjr-2023-0250.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic pathema of human joints. The pathogenesis is complex, involving physiological and mechanical factors. In previous studies, we found that ferroptosis is intimately related to OA, while the role of Sat1 in chondrocyte ferroptosis and OA, as well as the underlying mechanism, remains unclear. Methods In this study, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was used to simulate inflammation and Erastin was used to simulate ferroptosis in vitro. We used small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (Sat1) and arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (Alox15), and examined damage-associated events including inflammation, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress of chondrocytes. In addition, a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model of OA induced by surgery was established to investigate the role of Sat1 inhibition in OA progression. Results The results showed that inhibition of Sat1 expression can reduce inflammation, ferroptosis changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and lipid-ROS accumulation induced by IL-1β and Erastin. Knockdown of Sat1 promotes nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling. Additionally, knockdown Alox15 can alleviate the inflammation-related protein expression induced by IL-1β and ferroptosis-related protein expression induced by Erastin. Furthermore, knockdown Nrf2 can reverse these protein expression alterations. Finally, intra-articular injection of diminazene aceturate (DA), an inhibitor of Sat1, enhanced type II collagen (collagen II) and increased Sat1 and Alox15 expression. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that inhibition of Sat1 could alleviate chondrocyte ferroptosis and inflammation by downregulating Alox15 activating the Nrf2 system, and delaying the progression of OA. These findings suggest that Sat1 provides a new approach for studying and treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoxuan Ruan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangcai Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Genchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zehang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haigang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Atia MM, Mahmoud HAA, Wilson M, Abd-Allah EA. A comprehensive survey of warfarin-induced hepatic toxicity using histopathological, biomarker, and molecular evaluation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26484. [PMID: 38440292 PMCID: PMC10909775 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Warfarin finds human application as anticoagulant therapy. Warfarin usage can cause liver damage and hemorrhage. Besides functioning as anticoagulant and causing continuous bleeding of pests, the mechanism of toxicity of warfarin is unknown. In this study, Wild female and male rats were administrated orally with warfarin for 18 days at 9, 18, 27.5, and 55 mg/kg, respectively. Hepatoxicity was determined by assessing, LD50, leukocyte counts, immunochemistry, histopathology, serum proteins, Western blotting, especially of markers of liver injury, such as AST, ALT & ALP, and markers of antioxidant and oxidative stress markers. Warfarin treatment decreased Nrf2 levels while it increased caspase 3, CYP2C9, COLL1A1. It caused cellular damage and fibrosis of liver. The plasma levels of markers of liver injury, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin and transferrin were increased. The plasma levels of albumin, IgG and antitrypsin were decreased. Warfarin treatment decreased RBC and total lymphocyte count while increasing selectively neutrophils. Warfarin exposure caused increased oxidative stress; increased LPO and decreased GSH, SOD, CAT and NO production. Oral exposure of rats with Warfarin leads to increased oxidative stress resulting into liver damage via CYP2C9 mediated by Nrf2 depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Atia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Heba Allah Ahmed Mahmoud
- Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center, Animal Pests Department, Egypt
| | - Magdy Wilson
- Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center, Animal Pests Department, Egypt
| | - Elham A. Abd-Allah
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, EL-kharga, Egypt
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14
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Liu M, Guo J, Zhao J, Li H, Feng X, Liu H, Zhang H, Jia X, Wei R, Li F, Chen C, Hou M, Lv N, Xu H. Activation of NRF2 by celastrol increases antioxidant functions and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis in mice. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:137-145. [PMID: 38342566 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress impairs cartilage matrix metabolism balance, significantly contributing to osteoarthritis (OA) development. Celastrol (CSL), a drug derived from Tripterygium wilfordii, has recognized applications in the treatment of cancer and immune system disorders, yet its antioxidative stress mechanisms in OA remain underexplored. This study aimed to substantiate CSL's chondroprotective effects and unravel its underlying mechanisms. We investigated CSL's impact on chondrocytes under both normal and inflammatory conditions. In vitro, CSL mitigated interleukin (IL)-1β-induced activation of proteinases and promoted cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. In vivo, intra-articular injection of CSL ameliorated cartilage degeneration and mitigated subchondral bone lesions in OA mice. Mechanistically, it was found that inhibiting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) abrogated CSL-mediated antioxidative functions and exacerbated the progression of OA. This study is the first to elucidate the role of CSL in the treatment of OA through the activation of NRF2, offering a novel therapeutic avenue for arthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Jiatian Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Hongye Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Feng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Haojun Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Xuejun Jia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Rushuai Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Afliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang 222003, China.
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Department of human anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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15
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Zhang B, Di H, Zhang Y, Han X, Yin Y, Han Y, Cao Y, Zeng X. Time- and Concentration-Dependent Stimulation of Oxidative Stress in Chondrocytes by Intracellular Soluble Urate. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:233-243. [PMID: 36578257 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221227102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gout could result in irreversible bone erosion, and chondrocyte might be involved in the process. Increased soluble urate is the early stage of gout and is strongly oxidative. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of intracellular urate on the oxidative status of chondrocytes. METHODS A chondrocyte model was used. Serial concentrations of exogenous urate were incubated with chondrocytes for increasing amounts of time. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidant, and anti-oxidant molecules were measured with biochemical assays, rt-PCR, and western blot. A urate transport inhibitor and oxidative inhibitors were used to confirm the effect of exogenous urate. RESULTS All concentrations of exogenous urate stimulated the production of ROS in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, as well as oxidant molecules, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, nitric oxide (NO) inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and these effects, could be inhibited by oxidant inhibitors. However, anti-oxidant molecules, including acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A), ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related (Nrf2), was decreased by high concentrations of exogenous urate after prolonged incubation, but not by low to medium concentrations of exogenous urate. By inhibiting soluble urate trafficking, benzbromarone significantly suppressed the effect of urate stimulus on the oxidant and anti-oxidant molecules. CONCLUSION Intracellular soluble urate could regulate chondrocyte redox balance in a time and concentration-dependent manner, and would be a target for regulating and protecting chondrocyte function in the early gout stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Di
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Han
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingdong Han
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejun Zeng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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16
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Khan NM, Diaz-Hernandez ME, Martin WN, Patel B, Chihab S, Drissi H. pH-sensing G protein-coupled orphan receptor GPR68 is expressed in human cartilage and correlates with degradation of extracellular matrix during OA progression. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16553. [PMID: 38077417 PMCID: PMC10704986 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joints disease affecting millions of people worldwide. As OA progresses, chondrocytes experience heightened catabolic activity, often accompanied by alterations in the extracellular environment's osmolarity and acidity. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which chondrocytes perceive and respond to acidic stress remains unknown. Recently, there has been growing interest in pH-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as GPR68, within musculoskeletal tissues. However, function of GPR68 in cartilage during OA progression remains unknown. This study aims to identify the role of GPR68 in regulation of catabolic gene expression utilizing an in vitro model that simulates catabolic processes in OA. Methods We examined the expression of GPCR by analyzing high throughput RNA-Seq data in human cartilage isolated from healthy donors and OA patients. De-identified and discarded OA cartilage was obtained from joint arthroplasty and chondrocytes were prepared by enzymatic digestion. Chondrocytes were treated with GPR68 agonist, Ogerin and then stimulated IL1β and RNA isolation was performed using Trizol method. Reverse transcription was done using the cDNA synthesis kit and the expression of GPR68 and OA related catabolic genes was quantified using SYBR® green assays. Results The transcriptome analysis revealed that pH sensing GPCR were expressed in human cartilage with a notable increase in the expression of GPR68 in OA cartilage which suggest a potential role for GPR68 in the pathogenesis of OA. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and qPCR analyses in human cartilage representing various stages of OA indicated a progressive increase in GPR68 expression in cartilage associated with higher OA grades, underscoring a correlation between GPR68 expression and the severity of OA. Furthermore, IHC analysis of Gpr68 in murine cartilage subjected to surgically induced OA demonstrated elevated levels of GPR68 in knee cartilage and meniscus. Using IL1β stimulated in vitro model of OA catabolism, our qPCR analysis unveiled a time-dependent increase in GPR68 expression in response to IL1β stimulation, which correlates with the expression of matrix degrading proteases suggesting the role of GPR68 in chondrocytes catabolism and matrix degeneration. Using pharmacological activator of GPR68, our results further showed that GPR68 activation repressed the expression of MMPs in human chondrocytes. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that GPR68 was robustly expressed in human cartilage and mice and its expression correlates with matrix degeneration and severity of OA progression in human and surgical model. GPR68 activation in human chondrocytes further repressed the expression of MMPs under OA pathological condition. These results identify GPR68 as a possible therapeutic target in the regulation of matrix degradation during OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir M. Khan
- Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | | | - Bhakti Patel
- Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Samir Chihab
- Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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17
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Che J, Yang X, Jin Z, Xu C. Nrf2: A promising therapeutic target in bone-related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115748. [PMID: 37865995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, as it suppresses cell damage caused by external stimuli by regulating the transcription of intracellular defense-related genes. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the crucial role of reduction-oxidation (REDOX) imbalance in the development of bone-related diseases. Nrf2, a transcription factor linked to nuclear factor-erythrocyte 2, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of oxidative stress and induction of antioxidant defenses. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanism and function of Nrf2 in bone-related diseases is essential. Considerable evidence suggests that increased nuclear transcription of Nrf2 in response to external stimuli promotes the expression of intracellular antioxidant-related genes, which in turn leads to the inhibition of bone remodeling imbalance, improved fracture recovery, reduced occurrence of osteoarthritis, and greater tumor resistance. Certain natural extracts can selectively target Nrf2, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for osteogenic arthropathy. In this article, the biological characteristics of Nrf2 are reviewed, the intricate interplay between Nrf2-regulated REDOX imbalance and bone-related diseases is explored, and the potential preventive and protective effects of natural products targeting Nrf2 in these diseases are elucidated. A comprehensive understanding of the role of Nrf2 in the development of bone-related diseases provides valuable insights into clinical interventions and can facilitate the discovery of novel Nrf2-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Che
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Cuixiang Xu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Cell Immunology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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18
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Habiba ES, Harby SA, El-Sayed NS, Omar EM, Bakr BA, Augustyniak M, El-Samad LM, Hassan MA. Sericin and melatonin mitigate diethylnitrosamine-instigated testicular impairment in mice: Implications of oxidative stress, spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and modulation of Nrf2/WT1/SF-1 signaling pathways. Life Sci 2023; 334:122220. [PMID: 37898455 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic influence of combination therapy with sericin and melatonin on attenuating diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-instigated testicular dysfunction in mice and defining the molecular mechanisms involved in orchestrating redox signaling pathways and restoring spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different groups of male Swiss albino mice were established and injected with respective drugs intraperitoneally. Semen analysis, hormonal assays, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Additionally, melatonin and its receptors, WT1, SF-1, vimentin, Nrf2, and ANXA1 expressions were assessed. Histopathological and ultrastructural features of the testes were investigated by semithin, SEM, and TEM analyses. KEY FINDINGS Exposure to DEN exhibited pathophysiological consequences, including a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation associated with substantial diminutions in SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, GSH:GSSG, and GST. Furthermore, it disrupted spermatozoa integrity, testosterone, FSH, LH, melatonin, and its receptors (MT1 and MT2) levels, implying spermatogenesis dysfunction. By contrast, treatment with sericin and melatonin significantly restored these disturbances. Interestingly, the combination therapy of sericin and melatonin noticeably augmented the Nrf2, WT1, and SF-1 expressions compared to DEN-treated mice, deciphering the amelioration perceived in antioxidant defense and spermatogenesis inside cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of ANXA1 alongside histopathological and ultrastructural analyses revealed evident maintenance of testicular structures without discernible inflammation or anomalies in mice administered with sericin and melatonin compared to the DEN-treated group. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings highlighted that treatment with sericin and melatonin alleviated the testicular tissues in mice from oxidative stress and dysregulated spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis engendered by DEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa S Habiba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Harby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Norhan S El-Sayed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman M Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Basant A Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Lamia M El-Samad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934 Alexandria, Egypt.
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19
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Ni S, Yi N, Yuan H, Li D, Chen X, Zhuang C. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide improves mitochondrial metabolism of osteoarthritis chondrocytes through PPARγ/SOD2/ROS pathways. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5394-5406. [PMID: 37632225 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, which is characterized by wear of articular cartilage and narrow joint space, resulting in joint movement disorder. At present, accurate molecular mechanisms and effective interventions are still being explored. Here, we propose that angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) alleviates OA progression by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Therapeutic effect of ASP improving mitochondrial metabolism of OA chondrocytes was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, respectively. During cell experiments, the concentration and time response of tert butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and ASP were determined by cell viability. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial metabolism was detected by reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome C, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) activity. Expressions of Aggrecan, collagen type II (Col2a1), PPARγ, and SOD2 were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. In animal experiments, we detected cell apoptosis and target protein expression separately through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining and immunohistochemistry. Pretreatment of ASP significantly activated PPARγ and SOD2 in rat chondrocytes incubated with TBHP, cleared ROS, improved mitochondrial metabolism, increased chondrocytes viability, and alleviated chondrocytes apoptosis. In vivo, the administration of ASP could effectively ameliorate cartilage degeneration in OA rats, promote extracellular matrix synthesis, and decelerate the progress of OA. Our research identifies the role of ASP in mitochondrial metabolism of OA chondrocytes through PPARγ/SOD2/ROS pathways, which provides a new idea for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ni
- Laboratory of Clinical Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Bone Disease Research and Clinical Rehabilitation Center, Changzhou Medical Center, NanjingMedicalUniversity, Changzhou, China
| | - Ning Yi
- Laboratory of Clinical Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Laboratory of Clinical Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Zhou Y, Jia Z, Wang J, Huang S, Yang S, Xiao S, Xia D, Zhou Y. Curcumin reverses erastin-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis by upregulating Nrf2. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20163. [PMID: 37771529 PMCID: PMC10522940 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death associated with lipid peroxidation. Curcumin, the main monomer component in turmeric rhizomes, possesses antioxidant and anti-ferroptosis properties, but its effect on ferroptosis in chondrocytes of OA is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and potential mechanism of curcumin on chondrocytes induced by erastin, a ferroptosis inducer. CCK-8 assays were used to assess cell viability in mouse primary chondrocytes treated with 3.33 μM erastin alone or in combination with different doses of curcumin. Various parameters were detected, including LDH, SOD, GSH-PX, MDA, ROS and Fe2+ contents. The ferroptosis-related proteins, such as SLC7A11, GPX4, TFR1, ACSL4, and FTH1, were examined using immunofluorescence and western blotting. Nrf2 was knocked down using siRNA to explore the molecular mechanism through which curcumin protects chondrocytes from erastin-induced ferroptosis. In a mouse model of knee ferroptosis induced by intracavity injection of 10 μL erastin (5 mg/mL), HE staining, Safranin O-Fast Green staining, and immunohistochemistry were employed to evaluate articular cartilage injury. The results demonstrated that erastin significantly suppressed the expression of SOD, GSH-PX, SLC7A11, GPX4, and FTH1 while upregulating the levels of LDH, MDA, ROS, ACSL4, and TFR1 in chondrocytes. Moreover, erastin-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis, lipid ROS, and Fe2+ production were reversed by curcumin. Additionally, curcumin significantly upregulated the expression level of the Nrf2 gene and protein. Silencing Nrf2 reversed the protective effect of curcumin on erastin-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis. In animal experiments, silencing Nrf2 counteracted the impact and damage of curcumin on erastin-induced ferroptosis of cartilage tissue in vivo, leading to significant inhibition of OA progression. Taken together, these findings suggest that curcumin can inhibit chondrocyte ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, providing further insight into the regulatory mechanism of curcumin in OA and supporting its potential therapeutic use in OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Duo Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, China
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21
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Riegger J, Schoppa A, Ruths L, Haffner-Luntzer M, Ignatius A. Oxidative stress as a key modulator of cell fate decision in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: a narrative review. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:76. [PMID: 37777764 PMCID: PMC10541721 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During aging and after traumatic injuries, cartilage and bone cells are exposed to various pathophysiologic mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), damage-associated molecular patterns, and proinflammatory cytokines. This detrimental environment triggers cellular stress and subsequent dysfunction, which not only contributes to the development of associated diseases, that is, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, but also impairs regenerative processes. To counter ROS-mediated stress and reduce the overall tissue damage, cells possess diverse defense mechanisms. However, cellular antioxidative capacities are limited and thus ROS accumulation can lead to aberrant cell fate decisions, which have adverse effects on cartilage and bone homeostasis. In this narrative review, we address oxidative stress as a major driver of pathophysiologic processes in cartilage and bone, including senescence, misdirected differentiation, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired mitophagy by illustrating the consequences on tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Moreover, we elaborate cellular defense mechanisms, with a particular focus on oxidative stress response and mitophagy, and briefly discuss respective therapeutic strategies to improve cell and tissue protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Riegger
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Astrid Schoppa
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Leonie Ruths
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Hou L, Wang G, Zhang X, Lu F, Xu J, Guo Z, Lin J, Zheng Z, Liu H, Hou Y, Sun K, Guo F. Mitoquinone alleviates osteoarthritis progress by activating the NRF2-Parkin axis. iScience 2023; 26:107647. [PMID: 37694150 PMCID: PMC10483061 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease of the elderly. The NRF2 antioxidant system plays a critical role in maintaining redox balance. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. This research aimed to determine whether MitoQ alleviated OA and the role of the NRF2/Parkin axis in MitoQ-mediated protective effects. In interleukin (IL)-1β-induced OA chondrocytes, MitoQ activated the NRF2 pathway, reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and inflammation. MitoQ also increased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, leading to decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid ROS. Silencing NRF2 weakened MitoQ's protective effects, while knockdown of Parkin upregulated the NRF2 pathway, inhibiting OA progression. Intra-articular injection of MitoQ mitigated cartilage destruction in destabilized medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA mice. Our study demonstrates that MitoQ maintains cartilage homeostasis in vivo and in vitro through the NRF2/Parkin axis. We supplemented the negative feedback regulation mechanism between NRF2 and Parkin. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of MitoQ for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangcai Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Genchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jingting Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhou Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jiamin Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Zehang Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Haigang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yanjun Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fengjing Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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23
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Bellia F, Lanza V, Naletova I, Tomasello B, Ciaffaglione V, Greco V, Sciuto S, Amico P, Inturri R, Vaccaro S, Campagna T, Attanasio F, Tabbì G, Rizzarelli E. Copper(II) Complexes with Carnosine Conjugates of Hyaluronic Acids at Different Dipeptide Loading Percentages Behave as Multiple SOD Mimics and Stimulate Nrf2 Translocation and Antioxidant Response in In Vitro Inflammatory Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1632. [PMID: 37627627 PMCID: PMC10452038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of copper(II) complexes with the formula [Cu2+Hy(x)Car%] varying the molecular weight (MW) of Hyaluronic acid (Hy, x = 200 or 700 kDa) conjugated with carnosine (Car) present at different loading were synthesized and characterized via different spectroscopic techniques. The metal complexes behaved as Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) mimics and showed some of the most efficient reaction rate values produced using a synthetic and water-soluble copper(II)-based SOD mimic reported to date. The increase in the percentage of Car moieties parallels the enhancement of the I50 value determined via the indirect method of Fridovich. The presence of the non-functionalized Hy OH groups favors the scavenger activity of the copper(II) complexes with HyCar, recalling similar behavior previously found for the copper(II) complexes with Car conjugated using β-cyclodextrin or trehalose. In keeping with the new abilities of SOD1 to activate protective agents against oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis diseases, Cu2+ interaction with HyCar promotes the nuclear translocation of erythroid 2-related factor that regulates the expressions of target genes, including Heme-Oxigenase-1, thus stimulating an antioxidant response in osteoblasts subjected to an inflammatory/oxidative insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellia
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Irina Naletova
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Valeria Ciaffaglione
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciuto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Pietro Amico
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Rosanna Inturri
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Susanna Vaccaro
- Fidia Farmaceutici SpA, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy; (P.A.); (R.I.); (S.V.)
| | - Tiziana Campagna
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Giovanni Tabbì
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Institute of Crystallography, National Council of Research (CNR), P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (F.B.); (V.L.); (I.N.); (V.C.); (T.C.); (F.A.); (E.R.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (V.G.); (S.S.)
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24
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Davan I, Fakurazi S, Alias E, Ibrahim N'I, Hwei NM, Hassan H. Astaxanthin as a Potent Antioxidant for Promoting Bone Health: An Up-to-Date Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1480. [PMID: 37508018 PMCID: PMC10376010 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bone loss and its associated diseases have become a significant public health concern due to increased disability, morbidity, and mortality. Oxidative stress and bone loss are correlated, where oxidative stress suppresses osteoblast activity, resulting in compromised homeostasis between bone formation and resorption. This event causes upregulation of bone remodeling turnover rate with an increased risk of fractures and bone loss. Therefore, supplementation of antioxidants can be proposed to reduce oxidative stress, facilitate the bone remodeling process, suppress the initiation of bone diseases, and improve bone health. Astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-4-4'-diketo-β-β carotene), a potent antioxidant belonging to the xanthophylls family, is a potential ROS scavenger and could be a promising therapeutic nutraceutical possessing various pharmacological properties. In bone, astaxanthin enhances osteoblast differentiation, osteocytes numbers, and/or differentiation, inhibits osteoclast differentiation, cartilage degradation markers, and increases bone mineral density, expression of osteogenic markers, while reducing bone loss. In this review, we presented the up-to-date findings of the potential anabolic effects of astaxanthin on bone health in vitro, animal, and human studies by providing comprehensive evidence for its future clinical application, especially in treating bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iswari Davan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Sharida Fakurazi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ekram Alias
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nurul 'Izzah Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ng Min Hwei
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Haniza Hassan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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Hammad M, Raftari M, Cesário R, Salma R, Godoy P, Emami SN, Haghdoost S. Roles of Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 Signaling in Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Cells: A Possible General Mechanism of Resistance to Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1371. [PMID: 37507911 PMCID: PMC10376708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordinating role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in cellular function is undeniable. Evidence indicates that this transcription factor exerts massive regulatory functions in multiple signaling pathways concerning redox homeostasis and xenobiotics, macromolecules, and iron metabolism. Being the master regulator of antioxidant system, Nrf2 controls cellular fate, influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, resistance to therapy, and senescence processes, as well as infection disease success. Because Nrf2 is the key coordinator of cell defence mechanisms, dysregulation of its signaling has been associated with carcinogenic phenomena and infectious and age-related diseases. Deregulation of this cytoprotective system may also interfere with immune response. Oxidative burst, one of the main microbicidal mechanisms, could be impaired during the initial phagocytosis of pathogens, which could lead to the successful establishment of infection and promote susceptibility to infectious diseases. There is still a knowledge gap to fill regarding the molecular mechanisms by which Nrf2 orchestrates such complex networks involving multiple pathways. This review describes the role of Nrf2 in non-pathogenic and pathogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hammad
- University of Caen Normandy, UMR6252 CIMAP/ARIA, GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Mohammad Raftari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rute Cesário
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rima Salma
- University of Caen Normandy, UMR6252 CIMAP/ARIA, GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Paulo Godoy
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Noushin Emami
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Siamak Haghdoost
- University of Caen Normandy, UMR6252 CIMAP/ARIA, GANIL, 14000 Caen, France
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Advanced Resource Center for HADrontherapy in Europe (ARCHADE), 14000 Caen, France
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26
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Xiao SQ, Cheng M, Wang L, Cao J, Fang L, Zhou XP, He XJ, Hu YF. The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2023:10.1007/s00264-023-05847-1. [PMID: 37294429 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Apoptosis is an important physiological process, making a great difference to development and tissue homeostasis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage and bone hyperplasia. This purpose of this study is to provide an updated review of the role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature on osteoarthritis and apoptosis was performed, which mainly focused on the regulatory factors and signaling pathways associated with chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis and other pathogenic mechanisms involved in chondrocyte apoptosis. RESULTS Inflammatory mediators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Fas are closely related to chondrocyte apoptosis. NF-κB signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and Notch signaling pathway activate proteins and gene targets that promote or inhibit the progression of osteoarthritis disease, including chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (microRNAs) have gradually replaced single and localized research methods and become the main research approaches. In addition, the relationship between cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis was also briefly explained. CONCLUSION This review offers a better molecular delineation of apoptotic processes that may help in designing new therapeutic options for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Miao Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xue-Ping Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Jin He
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Hu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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27
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Zhang Z, Wang S, Liu X, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Li B, Guo F, Liang J, Hong X, Guo R, Zhang B. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside Ameliorates Osteoarthritis via Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2/ nuclear factor kappa B Pathway: In vitro and in vivo experiments. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114964. [PMID: 37269815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint disease in which inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation play a crucial role in the destruction of articular cartilage. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), the main lignan in wholegrain flaxseed, which has been reported to remarkably suppress inflammation and oxidative stress, may have potential therapeutic value in OA. In this study, the effect and mechanism of SDG against cartilage degeneration were verified in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and collagen-induced (CIA) arthritis models and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-stimulated osteoarthritis chondrocyte models. From our experiments, SDG treatment downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors induced by IL-1β in vitro, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Additionally, SDG promoted the expression of collagen II (COL2A1) and SRY-related high-mobility-group-box gene 9(SOX9), while suppressing the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5(ADAMTS5) and matrix metalloproteinases 13(MMP13), which leads to catabolism. Consistently, in vivo, SDG has been identified to have chondroprotective effects in DMM-induced and collagen-induced arthritis models. Mechanistically, SDG exerted its anti-inflammation and anti-ECM degradation effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. In conclusion, SDG ameliorates the progression of OA via the Nrf2/NF-κB pathway, which indicates that SDG may have therapeutic potential for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Huankui academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yiqin Zhang
- Huankui academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fengfen Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianhui Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Runsheng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China.
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28
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Wu Z, Yang Z, Liu L, Xiao Y. Natural compounds protect against the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis by mediating the NRF2/ARE signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1188215. [PMID: 37324450 PMCID: PMC10266108 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1188215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic joint cartilage disease, is characterized by the imbalanced homeostasis between anabolism and catabolism. Oxidative stress contributes to inflammatory responses, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and chondrocyte apoptosis and promotes the pathogenesis of OA. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a central regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. Activation of the NRF2/ARE signaling may effectively suppress oxidative stress, attenuate ECM degradation, and inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis. Increasing evidence suggests that the NRF2/ARE signaling has become a potential target for the therapeutic management of OA. Natural compounds, such as polyphenols and terpenoids, have been explored to protect against OA cartilage degeneration by activating the NRF2/ARE pathway. Specifically, flavonoids may function as NRF2 activators and exhibit chondroprotective activity. In conclusion, natural compounds provide rich resources to explore the therapeutic management of OA by activating NRF2/ARE signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhouxin Yang
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Luying Liu
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
- Xiaoyong Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic in Yudu, Ganzhou, China
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Li W, Tao C, Mao M, Zhu K. The Nrf2/HMGB1/NF-κB axis modulates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:818-830. [PMID: 37232576 PMCID: PMC10281874 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative or posttraumatic condition of the joints. In OA chondrocytes, Nrf2 functions as a stress response regulator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to investigate the role of Nrf2 and its downstream pathway in the development of osteoarthritis. IL-1β treatment suppresses Nrf2, aggrecan, and COL2A1 levels and cell viability but promotes apoptosis in chondrocytes. IL-1β stimulation induces cell apoptosis, upregulates the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors, decreases aggrecan, COL2A1, and Bcl-2 levels but increases ADAMTS-5, ADAMTS-4, MMP13, cleaved caspase 3, and BAX levels, and promotes p65 phosphorylation. Nrf2 overexpression exerts opposite effects on IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, as demonstrated by the significant attenuation of IL-1β-induced changes in chondrocytes. By binding to the HMGB1 promoter region, Nrf2 suppresses HMGB1 expression. Similar to Nrf2 overexpression, HMGB1 knockdown also attenuates IL-1β-induced changes in chondrocytes. Notably, under IL-1β stimulation, the effects of Nrf2 overexpression or tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ, an activator of Nrf2) on apoptosis, inflammatory factor expression, ECM and apoptosis, and NF-κB pathway activity in chondrocytes are remarkably reversed by HMGB1 overexpression or recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1). Similarly, rHMGB1 could partially counteract the curative effect of TBHQ on OA damage in mice. In OA cartilage tissue samples, the level of Nrf2 is lower, while the levels of HMGB1, apoptotic, and inflammatory factors are increased compared to normal cartilage tissue samples. In conclusion, for the first time, the Nrf2/HMGB1 axis was found to modulate apoptosis, ECM degradation, inflammation and activation of NF-κB signaling in chondrocytes and OA mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Li
- />Department of Orthopedicsthe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China
| | - Cheng Tao
- />Department of Orthopedicsthe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China
| | - Minzhi Mao
- />Department of Orthopedicsthe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China
| | - Kewei Zhu
- />Department of Orthopedicsthe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410011China
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Shen Y, Teng L, Qu Y, Huang Y, Peng Y, Tang M, Fu Q. Hederagenin Suppresses Inflammation and Cartilage Degradation to Ameliorate the Progression of Osteoarthritis: An In vivo and In vitro Study. Inflammation 2023; 46:655-678. [PMID: 36348189 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a common degenerative joint disease, is characterized by the progressive degradation of articular cartilage and inflammation. Hederagenin (HE) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from many herb plants. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-lipid peroxidative, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective activities. However, its effect on OA has not been investigated. Our study found that HE may be a potential anti-OA drug. In vitro, HE could suppress extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation via up-regulating aggrecan and Collagen II levels as well as downregulating MMPs and ADAMTS5 levels. It could also reduce proinflammatory and inflammatory cytokines or enzymes production, including TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, NO, and PGE2. Besides, HE markedly reduced IL-1β-induced C28/I2 cell apoptosis and ROS accumulation. Mechanistically, HE exerted chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects by partly inhibiting JAK2/STAT3/MAPK signalling pathway and the crosstalk of the two pathways. Also, HE exhibited anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effect via targeting Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/Bax/Bcl-2 axis. In vivo, HE significantly reduced monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) induced cartilage destruction of rats with a lower OARSI score and inflammatory cytokine levels, further demonstrating its protective effects in OA progression. These results suggest that HE is a potential compound for the development of drugs to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Li Teng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yuhan Qu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yuehui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
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Huang L, Bian M, Lu S, Wang J, Yu J, Jiang L, Zhang J. Engeletin alleviates erastin-induced oxidative stress and protects against ferroptosis via Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102040. [PMID: 36857798 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death, which is a unique modality of cell death and closely associated with iron concentrations, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and accumulation of the lipid reactive oxygen species. In the present study, the anti-ferroptosis effects of Engeletin was studied in erastin-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). After treatment with Engeletin, cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. The production of ROS, malonaldehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) were detected by using commercially-available kits. Ferroptosis-related proteins (GPX4, SLC7A11, TFR1, FPN1, Nrf2, Keap1) were evaluated by Western blotting. Osteogenic capacity was evaluated by ALP staining and ARS staining. The expression of osteogenic-related proteins (OPN, Runx2, OCN) were evaluated by Western blotting and changes in mRNA (ALP, BMP-2, COL-1, Osterix) were evaluated by RT-PCR. Consistent improvements in angiogenesis are observed with Engeletin in the presence of erastin. Engeletin significantly alleviated erastin-induced oxidative damage and protected against ferroptosis in BMSCs. Ferroptosis was inhibited by Engeletin, leading to decreasing reducing accumulation of ROS and lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, Engeletin promoted osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs and angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Taken together, these findings indicate that Engeletin can protect BMSCs from erastin-induced ferroptosis through the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and identify Engeletin as a novel ferroptosis inhibitor, suggesting that Engeletin may promote resistance to ferroptosis and enable osteogenic function of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengxuan Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shunyi Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jieqin Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Gain C, Song S, Angtuaco T, Satta S, Kelesidis T. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of infections with coronaviruses. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1111930. [PMID: 36713204 PMCID: PMC9880066 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses can cause serious respiratory tract infections and may also impact other end organs such as the central nervous system, the lung and the heart. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a devastating impact on humanity. Understanding the mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of coronavirus infections, will set the foundation for development of new treatments to attenuate the impact of infections with coronaviruses on host cells and tissues. During infection of host cells, coronaviruses trigger an imbalance between increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced antioxidant host responses that leads to increased redox stress. Subsequently, increased redox stress contributes to reduced antiviral host responses and increased virus-induced inflammation and apoptosis that ultimately drive cell and tissue damage and end organ disease. However, there is limited understanding how different coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, manipulate cellular machinery that drives redox responses. This review aims to elucidate the redox mechanisms involved in the replication of coronaviruses and associated inflammation, apoptotic pathways, autoimmunity, vascular dysfunction and tissue damage that collectively contribute to multiorgan damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Li H, Xiang D, Gong C, Wang X, Liu L. Naturally derived injectable hydrogels with ROS-scavenging property to protect transplanted stem cell bioactivity for osteoarthritic cartilage repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1109074. [PMID: 36686241 PMCID: PMC9848398 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1109074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) is a potential alternative to the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and has aroused great interest of clinical researchers. However, the hostile microenvironment in the joint cavity, characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and excessive inflammation, disturbs the bioactivity of the transplanted stem cells. The (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), a green tea catechin, has attracted the researchers' attention owing to its powerful ROS-scavenging and antioxidant properties. In this study, to avoid rapid degradation and/or depletion of EGCG, we prepare a long-lasting injectable hydrogel by EGCG and hyaluronic acid (HA). The naturally derived hydrogels with excellent biocompatibility and durable retention time can capture the redundant ROS continuously and efficiently, thus protecting ADSCs from ROS-mediated death and bioactivity inhibition, including cell survival, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. Intra-articular injection of this ADSCs loaded hydrogel significantly induced synovial macrophages polarization to M2 phenotype, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, MMP-13, and TNF-α) expression, promoted cartilage matrix formation, and repaired cartilage destruction in OA. This stem cell-protected hydrogel delivery strategy showed superior efficacy than ADSCs delivering or EGCG-HA injection singly, which providing a potential alternative strategy for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongcheng Gong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Lin Liu,
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Liang J, Wang S, Hu J, Hong X, Zhu M, Liu X, Alswadeh M, Mo F, Dai M. Targeted inhibition of TXNRD1 prevents cartilage extracellular matrix degeneration by activating Nrf2 pathway in osteoarthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 635:267-276. [PMID: 36308906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis, a prevalent orthopedic disease, can affect the elderly and causes impairment. The degradation and aberrant homeostasis of cartilage extracellular matrix figure pivotally in the progression of osteoarthritis. Thioredoxin systems plays a role in a wide range of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the unique function and underlying pathophysiological mechanism of TXNRD1 in chondrocytes. An upregulated expression of TXNRD1 was observed in the articular cartilage of osteoarthritis patients compared with normal articular cartilage. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that the expression of TXNRD1 was also abnormally increased in IL-1β-induced primary mouse chondrocytes. Silencing TXNRD1 using siRNA in chondrocytes could effectively inhibit the expression of ADAMTS5 and MMP13, and enhance the expression of COL2A1 and SOX9. The same was true for auranofin, an inhibitor of TXNRD1. This phenomenon indicated that inhibition of TXNRD1 attenuated il-1β-induced metabolic imbalance of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the progression of chondrocyte osteoarthritis. Further mechanism analysis revealed that the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were increased upon TXNRD1 inhibition. Furthermore, auranofin was found to attenuate DMM-induced osteoarthritis progression in vivo. Therefore, the pharmacological downregulation of TXNRD1 may provide an effective novel therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiawei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Meisong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Momen Alswadeh
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Fengbo Mo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Artificial Joints Engineering and Technology Research Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China.
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35
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Theaflavin-3,3'-Digallate Inhibits Erastin-Induced Chondrocytes Ferroptosis via the Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway in Osteoarthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3531995. [PMID: 36439689 PMCID: PMC9691334 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3531995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with ferroptosis which is a kind of lipid peroxidation-related cell death. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate(TF3), a polyphenol compound extracted from black tea, possesses antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effects on chondrocyte ferroptosis in osteoarthritis (OA) remain unclear. Our present study aims at exploring the protective role and underlying mechanisms of TF3 against erastin-induced chondrocyte ferroptosis in OA. In human primary chondrocytes treated with erastin alone or combined with different doses of TF3, cell viability was assessed by MTS. Ferroptosis-related proteins, including Gpx4, HO-1, and FTH1, were detected by western blot. The levels of lipid peroxidation and Fe2+ were determined by fluorescence staining. Meanwhile, the change of related proteins in the Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway was determined by western blot. siRNA-mediated Nrf2 knockdown and the Gpx4 inhibitor RSL3 were used to explore molecular mechanisms for TF3-induced ferroptosis in OA chondrocyte. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), HE staining, Masson's staining, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate articular cartilage damages in the rat OA model. The results showed that Gpx4 expression was markedly downregulated in the chondrocytes of OA patients. TF3 reversed erastin-induced ferroptosis of human cultured chondrocytes, lipid ROS, and Fe2+ production in mitochondria. Moreover, the expression of Gpx4, HO-1, FTH1, and Nrf2 was markedly induced by TF3 in the erastin-treated chondrocytes. The antiferroptotic effect of TF3 was related to enhance Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway. Finally, TF3 inhibited OA progression by alleviating in vivo cartilage damage related to chondrocyte ferroptosis. Thus, TF3 significantly inhibits chondrocyte ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/Gpx4 signaling pathway, suggesting that TF3 serves as a potential therapeutic supplement for OA treatment.
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36
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Mou X, Wu Q, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang C, Chen X, Fan K, Liu H. Nanozymes for Regenerative Medicine. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200997. [PMID: 36202750 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes refer to nanomaterials that catalyze enzyme substrates into products under relevant physiological conditions following enzyme kinetics. Compared to natural enzymes, nanozymes possess the characteristics of higher stability, easier preparation, and lower cost. Importantly, nanozymes possess the magnetic, fluorescent, and electrical properties of nanomaterials, making them promising replacements for natural enzymes in industrial, biological, and medical fields. On account of the rapid development of nanozymes recently, their application potentials in regeneration medicine are gradually being explored. To highlight the achievements in the regeneration medicine field, this review summarizes the catalytic mechanism of four types of representative nanozymes. Then, the strategies to improve the biocompatibility of nanozymes are discussed. Importantly, this review covers the recent advances in nanozymes in tissue regeneration medicine including wound healing, nerve defect repair, bone regeneration, and cardiovascular disease treatment. In addition, challenges and prospects of nanozyme researches in regeneration medicine are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zheao Zhang
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
| | - Yunhang Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jungang Zhang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
- Nanozyme Medical Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huiyu Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Jiang Z, Qi G, Lu W, Wang H, Li D, Chen W, Ding L, Yang X, Yuan H, Zeng Q. Omaveloxolone inhibits IL-1β-induced chondrocyte apoptosis through the Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB signalling pathways in vitro and attenuates osteoarthritis in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:952950. [PMID: 36238561 PMCID: PMC9551575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.952950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease. Effective drugs that can halt or decelerate osteoarthritis progression are still lacking. Omaveloxolone is a semisynthetic oleanane triterpenoid exerting antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aims to determine whether omaveloxolone has a therapeutic effect on OA. Chondrocytes were treated with interleukin (IL)-1β to establish an OA cell model in vitro. Indicators of cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were investigated. Proteins related to the Nuclear factor erythroid derived-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signalling pathways were assessed using Western blotting. A destabilized medial meniscus surgery-induced OA rat model was used in vivo. Gait analysis, microcomputed tomography analysis, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the therapeutic effect of omaveloxolone on attenuating osteoarthritis in vivo. The results showed that omaveloxolone exerts antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and anti-ECM degradation effects via activation of the Nrf2/ARE signalling pathway and inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway in chondrocytes in vitro and attenuates OA progression in vivo, suggesting that omaveloxolone may be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxin Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guobin Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Defang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qingmin Zeng, ; Hengfeng Yuan, ; Xiuying Yang,
| | - Hengfeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qingmin Zeng, ; Hengfeng Yuan, ; Xiuying Yang,
| | - Qingmin Zeng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Fudan University Jinshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qingmin Zeng, ; Hengfeng Yuan, ; Xiuying Yang,
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38
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Chen J, Chen Z, Yuan P, Huang H, Wang J, Shi P, Sun X. ERK1 loss accelerates the progression of osteoarthritis in aged mice via NRF2/BACH1 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 622:129-135. [PMID: 35849954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is now a common degenerative joint related disease. However, the clinical efficacy of drugs associated with cartilage regeneration remains limited. In our study, we firstly explored the role of ERK1 in the progression of OA. We clarified that ERK1-deficient mice were susceptible to age-related OA. The higher OARSI scores and more severe cartilage degeneration was observed in the ERK1-deficient mice. ERK1 deficiency decreased the nuclear transportation of Nrf2 in the chondrocytes and accelerated chondrocyte aging in vitro. Moreover, chondrocytes with ERK1 deficiency elevated the nuclear expression of BACH1, resulting in lowered expression of antioxidant enzymes in ERK1-deficient chondrocytes. The Nrf2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF) was used. Our experiments demonstrated the protective function of DMF against OA in ERK1 knockout mice. Above all, we confirmed the effects of ERK1 on the progression of OA and clarified the mechanisms underlying these effects. DMF might has significant use in the development of novel drugs for the therapy of OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Putao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xuewu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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He Y, Sun M, Wang J, Yang X, Lin C, Ge L, Ying C, Xu K, Liu A, Wu L. Chondroitin sulfate microspheres anchored with drug-loaded liposomes play a dual antioxidant role in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:512-527. [PMID: 35964941 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The injection of a single antioxidant drug is characterized by low drug utilization and short residence time in the articular cavity, limiting the therapeutic effect of antioxidant drugs on osteoarthritis. Currently, the drug circulation half-life can be extended using delivery vehicles such as liposomes and microspheres, which are widely used to treat diseases. In addition, the composite carriers of liposomes and hydrogel microspheres can combine the advantages of different material forms and show stronger plasticity and flexibility than traditional single carriers, which are expected to become new local drug delivery systems. Chondroitin sulfate, a sulfated glycosaminoglycan commonly found in native cartilage, has good antioxidant properties and degradability and is used to develop an injectable chondroitin sulfate hydrogel by covalent modification with photo-cross-linkable methacryloyl groups (ChsMA). Herein, ChsMA microgels anchored with liquiritin (LQ)-loaded liposomes (ChsMA@Lipo) were developed to delay the progression of osteoarthritis by dual antioxidation. On the one hand, the antioxidant drug LQ wrapped in ChsMA@Lipo microgels exhibits significant sustained-release kinetics due to the double obstruction of the lipid membrane and the hydrogel matrix network. On the other hand, ChsMA can eliminate ROS through degradation into chondroitin sulfate monomers by enzymes in vivo. Therefore, ChsMA@Lipo, as a degradable and dual antioxidant drug delivery platform, is a promising option for osteoarthritis treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Compared with the traditional single carrier, the composite carriers of hydrogel microspheres and liposome can complement the advantages of different materials, which shows stronger plasticity and flexibility, and is expected to become a new and efficient drug delivery system. ChsMA@Lipo not only attenuates IL-1β-induced ECM degradation in chondrocytes but also inhibits the M1 macrophages polarization and the inflammasome activation. The obtained ChsMA@Lipo alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis in vivo, which is promising for osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jirong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofu Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changjian Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lujie Ge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenting Ying
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - An Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lidong Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhu W, Tang H, Cao L, Zhang J, Li J, Ma D, Guo C. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate ameliorates oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte dysfunction and exerts chondroprotective effects via the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:108-120. [PMID: 35426252 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced degeneration and dysfunction of chondrocytes play a key role in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis (OA), a common degenerative joint disease in the elderly. Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) increases Nrf2-mediated antioxidase expression levels. We aimed to determine the effects of EGCG on C28/I2 human chondrocytes subjected to interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced oxidative stress. EGCG suppressed IL-1β-induced oxidative stress, as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Additionally, EGCG attenuated the IL-1β-induced reduction in cartilage matrix generated by chondrocytes by upregulating collagen II, aggrecan, sulfated proteoglycans, and SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9). EGCG reversed the IL-1β-induced increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), collagen X, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Furthermore, EGCG inhibited apoptosis and senescence of IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, as indicated by the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells, respectively. Mechanically, EGCG upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1). The antioxidant and chondroprotective effects of EGCG were blocked by ML385, a Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway inhibitor. Thus, EGCG ameliorated oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte dysfunction and exerted chondroprotective effects via Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling. This provides a novel perspective on the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of EGCG on OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Birth Defects, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Birth Defects, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gpx3 and Egr1 Are Involved in Regulating the Differentiation Fate of Cardiac Fibroblasts under Pressure Overload. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3235250. [PMID: 35799890 PMCID: PMC9256463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3235250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Although myocardial fibrosis is a common pathophysiological process associated with many heart diseases, the molecular mechanisms regulating the development of fibrosis have not been fully determined. Recently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis has been used to examine cellular fate and function during cellular differentiation and has contributed to elucidating the mechanisms of various diseases. The main purpose of this study was to characterize the fate of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and the dynamic gene expression patterns in a model of cardiac pressure overload using scRNA-seq analysis. Methods The public scRNA-seq dataset of the transverse aortic coarctation (TAC) model in mice was downloaded from the GEO database, GSE155882. First, we performed quality control, dimensionality reduction, clustering, and annotation of the data through the Seurat R package (v4.0.5). Then, we constructed the pseudotime trajectory of cell development and identified key regulatory genes using the Monocle R package (v2.22.0). Different cell fates and groups were fully characterized by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis and Transcription factor (TF) activity analysis. Finally, we used Cytoscape (3.9.1) to extensively examine the gene regulatory network related to cell fate. Results Pseudotime analysis showed that CFs differentiated into two distinct cell fates, one of which produced activated myofibroblasts, and the other which produced protective cells that were associated with reduced fibrosis levels, increased antioxidative stress responses, and the ability to promote angiogenesis. In the TAC model, activated CFs were significantly upregulated, while protective cells were downregulated. Treatment with the bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 reversed this change and improved fibrosis. Analysis of dynamic gene expression revealed that Gpx3 was significantly upregulated during cell differentiation into protective cells. Gpx3 expression was affected by JQ1 treatment. Furthermore, Gpx3 expression levels were negatively correlated with the different levels of fibrosis observed in the various treatment groups. Finally, we found that transcription factors Jun, Fos, Atf3, and Egr1 were upregulated in protective cells, especially Egr1 was predicted to be involved in the regulation of genes related to antioxidant stress and angiogenesis, suggesting a role in promoting differentiation into this cell phenotype. Conclusions The scRNA-seq analysis was used to characterize the dynamic changes associated with fibroblast differentiation and identified Gpx3 as a factor that might be involved in the regulation of myocardial fibrosis under cardiac pressure overload. These findings will help to further understanding of the mechanism of fibrosis and provide potential intervention targets.
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Zhang Y, Liu T, Yang H, He F, Zhu X. Melatonin: A novel candidate for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101635. [PMID: 35483626 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage erosion, synovium inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling, is a common joint degenerative disease worldwide. OA pathogenesis is regulated by multiple predisposing factors, including imbalanced matrix metabolism, aberrant inflammatory response, and excessive oxidative stress. Moreover, melatonin has been implicated in development of several degenerative disorders owing to its potent biological functions. With regards to OA, melatonin reportedly promotes synthesis of cartilage matrix, inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis, attenuation of inflammatory response, and suppression of matrix degradation by regulating the TGF-β, MAPK, or NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, melatonin has been associated with amelioration of oxidative damage by restoring the OA-impaired intracellular antioxidant defense system in articular cartilage. Findings from preliminary application of melatonin or melatonin-loaded biomaterials in animal models have affirmed its potential anti-arthritic effects. Herein, we summarize the anti-arthritic effects of melatonin on OA cartilage and demonstrate that melatonin has potential therapeutic efficacy in treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
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Zhu W, Tang H, Li J, Guedes RM, Cao L, Guo C. Ellagic acid attenuates interleukin-1β-induced oxidative stress and exerts protective effects on chondrocytes through the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/ Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9233-9247. [PMID: 35378052 PMCID: PMC9162011 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2059995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent type of degenerative joint disease, and its pathological progression is highly associated with oxidative stress. Natural antioxidants can attenuate oxidative stress and chondrocyte injury, suggesting that antioxidants have potential applications in the management of OA. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol derived from fruits or nuts, exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in diseases related to oxidative stress. Herein, we investigated the effects of EA on interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced oxidative stress and degeneration in C28/I2 human chondrocytes. EA efficiently suppressed IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and ameliorated oxidative stress-induced dysfunction of chondrocytes, as indicated by the promotion of cartilage matrix secretion. Moreover, EA remarkably suppressed cell apoptosis and senescence, and reduced the expression of proinflammatory factors and metalloproteinases, suggesting that EA could alleviate chondrocyte injury under oxidative stress. Mechanistically, EA upregulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) as well as its downstream targets NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase-1. ML385, a specific Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibitor, blocked the antioxidant and chondroprotective effects of EA. Our findings demonstrated that EA could attenuate oxidative stress and exert protective effects on chondrocytes by upregulating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrun Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juncheng Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Miranda Guedes
- LABIOMEP, UMAI-INEGI, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changan Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kubo Y, Beckmann R, Fragoulis A, Conrads C, Pavanram P, Nebelung S, Wolf M, Wruck CJ, Jahr H, Pufe T. Nrf2/ARE Signaling Directly Regulates SOX9 to Potentially Alter Age-Dependent Cartilage Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020263. [PMID: 35204144 PMCID: PMC8868513 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in osteoarthritis, and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway maintains redox homeostasis. We investigated whether Nrf2/ARE signaling controls SOX9. SOX9 expression in human C-28/I2 chondrocytes was measured by RT–qPCR after shRNA-mediated knockdown of Nrf2 or its antagonist the Kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with cap ‘‘n’’ collar homology-associated protein 1 (Keap1). To verify whether Nrf2 transcriptionally regulates SOX9, putative ARE-binding sites in the proximal SOX9 promoter region were inactivated, cloned into pGL3, and co-transfected with phRL–TK for dual-luciferase assays. SOX9 promoter activities without and with Nrf2-inducer methysticin were compared. Sox9 expression in articular chondrocytes was correlated to cartilage thickness and degeneration in wild-type (WT) and Nrf2-knockout mice. Nrf2-specific RNAi significantly decreased SOX9 expression, whereas Keap1-specific RNAi increased it. Putative ARE sites (ARE1, ARE2) were identified in the SOX9 promoter region. ARE2 mutagenesis significantly reduced SOX9 promoter activity, but ARE1 excision did not. Functional ARE2 site was essential for methysticin-mediated induction of SOX9 promoter activity. Young Nrf2-knockout mice revealed significantly lower Sox9-positive chondrocytes, and old Nrf2-knockout animals showed thinner cartilage and more cartilage degeneration. Our results suggest Nrf2 directly regulates SOX9 in articular cartilage, and Nrf2-loss can develop mild osteoarthritis at old age. Pharmacological Nrf2 induction may hold the potential to diminish age-dependent cartilage degeneration through improving SOX9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-24-1808-9525
| | - Rainer Beckmann
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Athanassios Fragoulis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Claudius Conrads
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Prathyusha Pavanram
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Sven Nebelung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Christoph Jan Wruck
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
| | - Holger Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Wendlingweg 2, D-52074 Aachen, Germany; (R.B.); (A.F.); (C.C.); (P.P.); (C.J.W.); (H.J.); (T.P.)
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Tian Z, Zhang X, Sun M. Phytochemicals Mediate Autophagy Against Osteoarthritis by Maintaining Cartilage Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:795058. [PMID: 34987406 PMCID: PMC8722717 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.795058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease and is a leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. There are currently no clinical treatments that can stop or slow down OA. Drugs have pain-relieving effects, but they do not slow down the course of OA and their long-term use can lead to serious side effects. Therefore, safe and clinically appropriate long-term treatments for OA are urgently needed. Autophagy is an intracellular protective mechanism, and targeting autophagy-related pathways has been found to prevent and treat various diseases. Attenuation of the autophagic pathway has now been found to disrupt cartilage homeostasis and plays an important role in the development of OA. Therefore, modulation of autophagic signaling pathways mediating cartilage homeostasis has been considered as a potential therapeutic option for OA. Phytochemicals are active ingredients from plants that have recently been found to reduce inflammatory factor levels in cartilage as well as attenuate chondrocyte apoptosis by modulating autophagy-related signaling pathways, which are not only widely available but also have the potential to alleviate the symptoms of OA. We reviewed preclinical studies and clinical studies of phytochemicals mediating autophagy to regulate cartilage homeostasis for the treatment of OA. The results suggest that phytochemicals derived from plant extracts can target relevant autophagic pathways as complementary and alternative agents for the treatment of OA if subjected to rigorous clinical trials and pharmacological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Tian
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Han J, Yang K, An J, Jiang N, Fu S, Tang X. The Role of NRF2 in Bone Metabolism - Friend or Foe? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:813057. [PMID: 35282459 PMCID: PMC8906930 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.813057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metabolism is closely related to oxidative stress. As one of the core regulatory factors of oxidative stress, NRF2 itself and its regulation of oxidative stress are both involved in bone metabolism. NRF2 plays an important and controversial role in the regulation of bone homeostasis in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other bone cells. The role of NRF2 in bone is complex and affected by several factors, such as its expression levels, age, sex, the presence of various physiological and pathological conditions, as well as its interaction with certains transcription factors that maintain the normal physiological function of the bone tissue. The properties of NRF2 agonists have protective effects on the survival of osteogenic cells, including osteoblasts, osteocytes and stem cells. Activation of NRF2 directly inhibits osteoclast differentiation by resisting oxidative stress. The effects of NRF2 inhibition and hyperactivation on animal skeleton are still controversial, the majority of the studies suggest that the presence of NRF2 is indispensable for the acquisition and maintenance of bone mass, as well as the protection of bone mass under various stress conditions. More studies show that hyperactivation of NRF2 may cause damage to bone formation, while moderate activation of NRF2 promotes increased bone mass. In addition, the effects of NRF2 on the bone phenotype are characterized by sexual dimorphism. The efficacy of NRF2-activated drugs for bone protection and maintenance has been verified in a large number of in vivo and in vitro studies. Additional research on the role of NRF2 in bone metabolism will provide novel targets for the etiology and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Han
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinyang An
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Jiang
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Songbo Fu
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- The First Clinical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xulei Tang,
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Shen PC, Chou SH, Lu CC, Huang HT, Chien SH, Huang PJ, Liu ZM, Shih CL, Su SJ, Chen LM, Tien YC. Shockwave Treatment Enhanced Extracellular Matrix Production in Articular Chondrocytes Through Activation of the ROS/MAPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Cartilage 2021; 13:238S-253S. [PMID: 34238028 PMCID: PMC8804851 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211012465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shockwave application is a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Oxidative stress and a counterbalancing antioxidant system might be the key to understanding this mechanism. We hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),which is an important regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, are plausible elements. DESIGN Porcine chondrocytes were cultured in a 3-dimensional pellet model and subjected to shockwaves. The effects of shockwaves with various energy-flux densities on optimal extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis were assessed. ROS, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and the redox activity of Nrf2 were measured. To investigate the signaling mechanism involved in the shockwave treatment in chondrocytes, specific inhibitors of ROS, MAPK signaling, and Nrf2 activity were targeted. RESULTS Shockwaves increased ECM synthesis without affecting cell viability or proliferation. Furthermore, they induced transient ROS production mainly through xanthine oxidase. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were activated by shockwaves. By contrast, suppression of ROS signaling mitigated shockwave-induced MAPK phosphorylation, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and ECM synthesis. Pretreatment of chondrocytes with the specific inhibitors of MEK1/2 and p38, respectively, mitigated the shockwave-induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and ECM synthesis. Nrf2 inhibition by both small hairpin RNA knockdown and brusatol reduced the shockwave-enhanced ECM synthesis. CONCLUSIONS Shockwaves activated Nrf2 activity through the induction of transient ROS signaling and subsequently enhanced ECM synthesis in chondrocytes. This study provided fundamental evidence confirming the potential of shockwaves for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Municipal Siaoqang Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Hsuan-Ti Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Song-Hsiung Chien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Peng-Ju Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung
| | - Shu-Jem Su
- Department of Medical Laboratory
Science and Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fooyin
University, Kaohsiung
| | - Li-Min Chen
- Departments of Pediatrics, E-DA
Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College
of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung,Yin-Chun Tien, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzu-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung
807.
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48
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Bousnaki M, Bakopoulou A, Pich A, Papachristou E, Kritis A, Koidis P. Mapping the Secretome of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Under Variable Microenvironmental Conditions. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1372-1407. [PMID: 34553309 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) through direct cell transplantation or paracrine action. However, DPSC secretome profile remains inadequately studied. This study provides proteomic profiling of the human DPSC secretome by comparatively analysising cell lysates and respective culture supernatants (i.e. conditioned media-CM) under variable oxygen tension conditions (normoxia-20% O2/CM_Norm vs. hypoxia 2% O2/CM_Hyp) and/or stimulation with Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). DPSC-CM samples and respective crude lysates (DPSC-CL) were collected and subjected to SDS-PAGE, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The identified proteins were analyzed by Gene Ontology, Reactome, and String databases. The anti-inflammatory properties of DPSC-CMs were validated via an in vitro RAW_246.7 murine macrophages model through evaluation of the expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers by real-time PCR. Results showed a total of 2413 proteins identified in CM_Norm, 2479 in CM_Norm+TNF-α, 1642 in CM_Hyp, and 2002 in CM_Hyp + TNF-α samples. CM_Norm contained 122 proteins statistically significantly upregulated compared to the CM_Hyp and involved in pathways related to "ECM organization", "cellular response to hypoxia", and "IL signaling". Functional network analysis showed that TGFβ1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 were key nodes among proteins significantly upregulated in the CM_Norm compared to the CM_Hyp, interacting with more than 10 proteins, each. DPSC-CM application in the in vitro RAW_246.7 model decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, MCP-1), while increasing anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10). Overall, DPSC-CM collected under normoxic conditions is enriched with anti-inflammatory, tissue repair and regenerative factors, which prompts further investigation on its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bousnaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - A Pich
- Research Core Unit Proteomics & Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Papachristou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Kritis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Koidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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49
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Song Y, Hao D, Jiang H, Huang M, Du Q, Lin Y, Liu F, Chen B. Nrf2 Regulates CHI3L1 to Suppress Inflammation and Improve Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4079-4088. [PMID: 34466014 PMCID: PMC8403022 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is an inflammatory condition that occurs following mechanical joint trauma and that results in joint degeneration. This study sought to evaluate the regulatory function of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in a murine model of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced PTOA and in an in vitro model of synoviocyte inflammation induced by LPS treatment with the goal of exploring the role of chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) in this pathogenic context. Methods PTOA model mice were intra-articularly injected with Nrf2 overexpression lentiviral vector, and safranin O-fast green staining as well as the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) Scoring System were used to evaluate the severity of cartilage damage. Protein expression in the synovial tissue was evaluated by Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining, and ELISA. Additionally, murine synoviocytes were infected with Nrf2 overexpression lentivirus and stimulated with LPS. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. ROS levels were measured using dihydroethidium (DHE) dye. Results We determined that the overexpression of Nrf2 was sufficient to reduce cartilage degradation in the context of PTOA in vivo, and we observed a significant decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in the articular cartilage of samples from mice overexpressing Nrf2 relative to control mice. Synovial CHI3L1 expression and serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were reduced in animals overexpressing this transcription factor relative to PTOA model controls. Consistent with these findings, murine synoviocytes treated with LPS exhibited dose-dependent increases in ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Nrf2, and CHI3L1 levels, whereas Nrf2 overexpression was sufficient to suppress these increases. Conclusion Our data indicated that Nrf2 negatively regulates CHI3L1, suggesting that this signaling axis may regulate PTOA progression and may thus be a viable therapeutic target in individuals affected by this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.,Division of Traumatology and Joint, Department of Orthopaedics, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, People's Republic of China
| | - Dake Hao
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingguang Huang
- Division of Traumatology and Joint, Department of Orthopaedics, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Du
- Division of Traumatology and Joint, Department of Orthopaedics, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lin
- Division of Traumatology and Joint, Department of Orthopaedics, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528308, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
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50
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Safari S, Eidi A, Mehrabani M, Fatemi MJ, Sharifi AM. Conditioned Medium of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Promising Candidate to Protect High Glucose-Induced Injury in Cultured C28I2 Chondrocytes. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 12:632-640. [PMID: 35935054 PMCID: PMC9348542 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of conditioned medium derived from human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (CM-hADSCs) on C28I2 chondrocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis induced by high glucose (HG).
Methods: C28I2 cells were pre-treated with CM-hADSCs for 24 hours followed by HG exposure (75 mM) for 48 hours. MTT assay was used to assess the cell viability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation were determined by 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFHDA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays, respectively. Expressions of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX 3), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) were analyzed by RT-PCR. Finally, western blot analysis was used to measure Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, and Nrf-2 expression at protein levels.
Results: CM-hADSCs pretreatment mitigated the cytotoxic effect of HG on C28I2 viability. Treatment also markedly reduced the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and augmented the expression of HO-1, NQO1, and GPx3 genes in HG-exposed group. CM-ADSCs enhanced Nrf-2 protein expression and reduced mitochondrial apoptosis through reducing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Caspase-3 activation.
Conclusion: MSCs, probably through its paracrine effects, declined the deleterious effect of HG on chondrocytes. Hence, therapies based on MSCs secretomes appear to be a promising therapeutic approaches to prevent joint complications in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Safari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Fatemi
- Burn Research Center, Motahari Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tissue Engineering Group, (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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