1
|
Guo J, Wang Y, Shi C, Zhang D, Zhang Q, Wang L, Gong Z. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex: Unveiling the interplay between its regulators and calcium homeostasis. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111284. [PMID: 38964444 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUc), serving as the specific channel for calcium influx into the mitochondrial matrix, is integral to calcium homeostasis and cellular integrity. Given its importance, ongoing research spans various disease models to understand the properties of the MCUc in pathophysiological contexts, but reported a different conclusion. Therefore, this review delves into the profound connection between MCUc-mediated calcium transients and cellular signaling pathways, mitochondrial dynamics, metabolism, and cell death. Additionally, we shed light on the recent advancements concerning the structural intricacies and auxiliary components of the MCUc in both resting and activated states. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on novel extrinsic and intrinsic regulators of the MCUc and their therapeutic implications across a spectrum of diseases. Meanwhile, we employed molecular docking simulations and identified candidate traditional Chinese medicine components with potential binding sites to the MCUc, potentially offering insights for further research on MCUc modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxia Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Danmei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Luwen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuojiong Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang K, Liu CY, Fang B, Li B, Li YH, Xia QQ, Zhao Y, Cheng XL, Yang SM, Zhang MH, Wang K. The function and therapeutic potential of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in cardiovascular diseases: A review. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107279. [PMID: 38942340 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) molecules derived from tRNA, including tRNA derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halfs (tiRNAs). tsRNAs can affect cell functions by participating in gene expression regulation, translation regulation, intercellular signal transduction, and immune response. They have been shown to play an important role in various human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Targeted regulation of tsRNAs expression can affect the progression of CVDs. The tsRNAs induced by pathological conditions can be detected when released into the extracellular, giving them enormous potential as disease biomarkers. Here, we review the biogenesis, degradation process and related functional mechanisms of tsRNAs, and discuss the research progress and application prospects of tsRNAs in different CVDs, to provide a new perspective on the treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Cui-Yun Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Ying-Hui Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Qian-Qian Xia
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xue-Li Cheng
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Su-Min Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Mei-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Dai X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang S, Guo J, Shen L, Yan H, Jiang H. Mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary disease: Implications for the potential therapeutics. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31370. [PMID: 38988059 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that continuously undergo fusion/fission to maintain normal cell physiological activities and energy metabolism. When mitochondrial dynamics is unbalanced, mitochondrial homeostasis is broken, thus damaging mitochondrial function. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that impairment in mitochondrial dynamics leads to lung tissue injury and pulmonary disease progression in a variety of disease models, including inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and barrier breakdown, and that the role of mitochondrial dynamics varies among pulmonary diseases. These findings suggest that modulation of mitochondrial dynamics may be considered as a valid therapeutic strategy in pulmonary diseases. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in pulmonary diseases, with a particular focus on its underlying mechanisms in the development of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), lung cancer and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and outline effective drugs targeting mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins, highlighting the great potential of targeting mitochondrial dynamics in the treatment of pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyan Dai
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfu Zhou
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yujuan Wang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiying Zhang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lidu Shen
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hengxiu Yan
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiling Jiang
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, College of Pharmacology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ding D, Li N, Ge Y, Wu H, Yu J, Qiu W, Fang F. Current status of superoxide dismutase 2 on oral disease progression by supervision of ROS. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116605. [PMID: 38688168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent Global Burden of Disease results have demonstrated that oral diseases are some of the most significant public health challenges facing the world. Owing to its specific localization advantage, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2 or MnSOD) has the ability to process the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by mitochondrial respiration before anything else, thereby impacting the occurrence and development of diseases. In this review, we summarize the processes of common oral diseases in which SOD2 is involved. SOD2 is upregulated in periodontitis to protect the tissue from the distant damage caused by excessive ROS and further reduce inflammatory progression. SOD2 also participates in the specific pathogenesis of oral cancers and dental diseases. The clinical application prospects of SOD2 in oral diseases will be discussed further, referencing the differences and relationship between oral diseases and other clinical systemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yihong Ge
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongle Wu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jinzhao Yu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Tu M, Liu W, Ju J. Therapeutic landscape in systemic lupus erythematosus: mtDNA activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112114. [PMID: 38652968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) serves as a pivotal immune stimulus in the immune response. During stress, mitochondria release mtDNA into the cytoplasm, where it is recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. This activation initiates the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, culminating in an inflammatory response. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of inflammatory responses in microbial infections, stress, autoimmune diseases, chronic illnesses, and tissue injuries. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue involvement across various bodily systems. Its hallmark is the production of numerous autoantibodies, which prompt the immune system to target and damage the body's own tissues, resulting in organ and tissue damage. Increasing evidence implicates the cGAS-STING pathway as a significant contributor to SLE pathogenesis. This article aims to explore the role of the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-STING pathway and its mechanisms in SLE, with the goal of providing novel insights for clinical interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kunyu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Jiyu Ju
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo Y, Qi X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Li B, Shu T, Li X, Hu H, Li J, Tang Q, Zhou Y, Wang M, Fan T, Guo W, Liu Y, Zhang J, Pang J, Yang P, Gao R, Chen W, Yan C, Xing Y, Du W, Wang J, Wang C. Inactivation of Malic Enzyme 1 in Endothelial Cells Alleviates Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation 2024; 149:1354-1371. [PMID: 38314588 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.067579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive cardiopulmonary disease with a high mortality rate. Although growing evidence has revealed the importance of dysregulated energetic metabolism in the pathogenesis of PH, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we focused on ME1 (malic enzyme 1), a key enzyme linking glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. We aimed to determine the role and mechanistic action of ME1 in PH. METHODS Global and endothelial-specific ME1 knockout mice were used to investigate the role of ME1 in hypoxia- and SU5416/hypoxia (SuHx)-induced PH. Small hairpin RNA and ME1 enzymatic inhibitor (ME1*) were used to study the mechanism of ME1 in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Downstream key metabolic pathways and mediators of ME1 were identified by metabolomics analysis in vivo and ME1-mediated energetic alterations were examined by Seahorse metabolic analysis in vitro. The pharmacological effect of ME1* on PH treatment was evaluated in PH animal models induced by SuHx. RESULTS We found that ME1 protein level and enzymatic activity were highly elevated in lung tissues of patients and mice with PH, primarily in vascular endothelial cells. Global knockout of ME1 protected mice from developing hypoxia- or SuHx-induced PH. Endothelial-specific ME1 deletion similarly attenuated pulmonary vascular remodeling and PH development in mice, suggesting a critical role of endothelial ME1 in PH. Mechanistic studies revealed that ME1 inhibition promoted downstream adenosine production and activated A2AR-mediated adenosine signaling, which leads to an increase in nitric oxide generation and a decrease in proinflammatory molecule expression in endothelial cells. ME1 inhibition activated adenosine production in an ATP-dependent manner through regulating malate-aspartate NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide plus hydrogen) shuttle and thereby balancing oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Pharmacological inactivation of ME1 attenuated the progression of PH in both preventive and therapeutic settings by promoting adenosine production in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that ME1 upregulation in endothelial cells plays a causative role in PH development by negatively regulating adenosine production and subsequently dysregulating endothelial functions. Our findings also suggest that ME1 may represent as a novel pharmacological target for upregulating protective adenosine signaling in PH therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (Y.L.)
| | - Xianmei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Zhenxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases (Z.Z., W.D.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Bolun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Ting Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Xiaona Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Huiyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Jinqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Qihao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Yitian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Mingyao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China (M.W., C.W.)
| | - Tianfei Fan
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China (J.Z.)
| | - Junling Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Peiran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Ran Gao
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Department of Lung Transplantation, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (W.C.)
| | - Chen Yan
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY (C.Y.)
| | - Yanjiang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Wenjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases (Z.Z., W.D.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity (Y.L., X.Q., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., J.P., P.Y., Y.X., J.W., C.W.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China (Y.L., X.Q., Z.Z., J.Z., B.L., T.S., X.L., H.H., J.L., Q.T., Y.Z., T.F., W.G., Y.L., J.P., P.Y., R.G., Y.X., W.D., J.W., C.W.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China (M.W., C.W.)
- Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, China (C.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan X, Huang J, Zeng Y, Zhong X, Fu Y, Xiao H, Wang X, Lian H, Luo H, Li D, Guo R. CGRP attenuates pulmonary vascular remodeling by inhibiting the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116093. [PMID: 38408681 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperproliferation, inflammation, and mitochondrial abnormalities in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) underlie the pathological mechanisms of vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Cytoplasmic mtDNA activates the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway and secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines that may be involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) acts as a vasodilator to regulate patterns of cellular energy metabolism and has vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS The role of the cGAS-STING-NFκB signaling pathway in PAH vascular remodeling and the regulation of CGRP in the cGAS-STING-NFκB signaling pathway were investigated by echocardiography, morphology, histology, enzyme immunoassay, and fluorometry. RESULTS Monocrotaline (MCT) could promote right heart hypertrophy, pulmonary artery intima thickening, and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats. Cinnamaldehyde (CA)-induced CGRP release alleviates MCT-induced vascular remodeling in PAH. CGRP reduces PDGF-BB-induced proliferation, and migration, and downregulates smooth muscle cell phenotypic proteins. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm that the mitochondria of PASMCs were damaged during PAH, and the superoxide and mtDNA produced by injured mitochondria activate the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway to promote PAH process, while CGRP could play an anti-PAH role by protecting the mitochondria and inhibiting the cGAS-STING-NFκB pathway through PKA. CONCLUSION This study identifies that CGRP attenuates cGAS-STING-NFκB axis-mediated vascular remodeling in PAH through PKA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Youjie Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhong
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yangxia Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Huilin Lian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dai Li
- Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Center, The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Ren Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Correa Segura F, Macías Macías FI, Velázquez Delgado KA, Ramos-Godinez MDP, Ruiz-Ramírez A, Flores P, Huerta-García E, López-Marure R. Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) and zinc oxide nanoparticles induce mitochondrial permeability and cardiac damage after oral exposure in rats. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:122-133. [PMID: 38436290 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2323069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Food-grade titanium dioxide (E171) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are found in diverse products for human use. E171 is used as whitening agent in food and cosmetics, and ZnO NPs in food packaging. Their potential multi-organ toxicity has raised concerns on their safety. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is a key aspect of cardio-pathologies, here, we evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to E171 and ZnO NPs in rats on cardiac mitochondria. Changes in cardiac electrophysiology and body weight were measured. E171 reduced body weight more than 10% after 5 weeks. Both E171 and ZnO NPs increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) from 110-120 to 120-140 mmHg after 45 days of treatment. Both NPs altered the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), reducing calcium requirement for permeability by 60% and 93% in E171- and ZnO NPs-exposed rats, respectively. Treatments also affected conformational state of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). E171 reduced the binding of EMA to Cys 159 in 30% and ZnO NPs in 57%. Mitochondrial aconitase activity was reduced by roughly 50% with both NPs, indicating oxidative stress. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed changes in mitochondrial morphology including sarcomere discontinuity, edema, and hypertrophy in rats exposed to both NPs. In conclusion, chronic oral exposure to NPs induces functional and morphological damage in cardiac mitochondria, with ZnO NPs being more toxic than E171, possibly due to their dissociation in free Zn2+ ion form. Therefore, chronic intake of these food additives could increase risk of cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Correa Segura
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | | | - Angélica Ruiz-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pedro Flores
- Departamento de Instrumentación, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Elizabeth Huerta-García
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, México
| | - Rebeca López-Marure
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang G, Shi LF, Li LJ, Duan XJ, Zheng ZF. Activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway improves pulmonary arterial hypertension in MCT-induced rats by inhibiting autophagy. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23452. [PMID: 38308640 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301563r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We aimed to investigate whether the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway affects the development of PAH by mediating autophagy. A PAH rat model was established using monocrotaline (MCT). Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were extracted, and the changes in proliferation, migration, autophagy, and oxidative stress were analyzed following overexpression or knockdown of p62. The impact of p62 on the symptoms of PAH rats was assessed by the injection of an adenovirus overexpressing p62. We found that the knockdown of p62 increased the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, elevating the oxidative stress of PASMCs and upregulating gene expression of NADPH oxidases. Co-IP assay results demonstrated that p62 interacted with Keap1. p62 knockdown enhanced Keap1 protein stability and Nrf2 ubiquitination. LC3II/I and ATG5 were expressed more often when p62 was knocked down. Treating with an inhibitor of autophagy reversed the impact of p62 knockdown on PASMCs. Nrf2 inhibitor treatment reduced the expression of Nrf2 and p62, while increasing the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 in PASMCs. However, overexpressing p62 diminished mRVP, SPAP, and Fulton index in PAH rats and attenuated pulmonary vascular wall thickening. Overexpression of p62 also decreased the expression of Keap1, LC3II/I, and ATG5 and increased the nuclear expression of Nrf2 in PAH rats. Importantly, overexpression of p62 reduced oxidative stress and the NADPH oxidase expression in PAH rats. Overall, activation of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback signaling axis reduces the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and alleviates PAH by inhibiting autophagy and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Li-Fang Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Jiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ju Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Fen Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding R, Sang S, Yi J, Xie H, Wang F, Dai A. G6PD is a prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:466-492. [PMID: 38194707 PMCID: PMC10817399 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) shows a poor prognosis. Detecting related genes is imperative for prognosis prediction. METHODS The gene expression profiles of LUAD and PAH were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, respectively. The co-expression modules associated with LUAD and PAH were evaluated using the Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The relationship between key gene expression with immune-cell infiltration and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) was evaluated. We confirmed the mRNA and protein levels in vivo and vitro. G6PD knockdown was used to conduct the colony formation assay, transwell invasion assay, and scratch wound assay of A549 cells. EDU staining and CCK8 assay were performed on G6PD knockdown HPASMCs. We identified therapeutic drug molecules and performed molecular docking between the key gene and small drug molecules. RESULTS Three major modules and 52 overlapped genes were recognized in LUAD and PAH. We identified the key gene G6PD, which was significantly upregulated in LUAD and PAH. In addition, we discovered a significant difference in infiltration for most immune cells between high- and low-G6PD expression groups. The mRNA and protein expressions of G6PD were significantly upregulated in LUAD and PAH. G6PD knockdown decreased proliferation, cloning, and migration of A549 cells and cell proliferation in HPASMCs. We screened five potential drug molecules against G6PD and targeted glutaraldehyde by molecular docking. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that G6PD is an immune-related biomarker and a possible therapeutic target for LUAD and PAH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhen Ding
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuliu Sang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Haiping Xie
- Department of Urinary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Feiying Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Q, Li L, Zhao J, Ren G, Lu T, Shao Y, Xu L. Andrographolide Alleviates Oxidative Damage and Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by IHNV Infection via CTSK/BCL2/Cytc Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:308. [PMID: 38203479 PMCID: PMC10778657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is an important pathogen that causes significant economic losses to salmon trout farming. Although vaccines have been invented for the treatment of IHNV, findings from our previous survey show that breeding enterprises and farmers require effective oral drugs or immune enhancers. However, studies on the development of oral drugs are limited. In the present study, we used bioinformatics methods to predict the protein targets of andrographolide (Andro) in IHNV. Cells were infected with IHNV, and the effect of andrographolide was explored by evaluating the expression levels of genes implicated in oxidative stress, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the expression of genes implicated in apoptosis and necrosis. In the present study, cells were divided into NC, IHNV, IHNV+10 μM andrographolide, and IHNV+20 μM andrographolide groups. qRT-PCR was performed to determine the expression level of genes, and an antioxidant enzyme detection kit was used to evaluate the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Fluorescent staining was performed using a reactive oxygen species detection kit (ROS) and Hoechst 33342/PI double staining kit, and the mechanism of alleviation of apoptosis and oxidative stress andrographolide after IHNV infection was determined. The results indicated that andrographolide inhibits viral growth by binding to the NV protein of IHNV and increasing the antioxidant capacity of the body through the CTSK/BCL2/Cytc axis, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of IHNV-induced apoptosis. This is the first study to explore the antagonistic mechanism of action of andrographolide in alleviating IHNV infection. The results provide valuable information on alternative strategies for the treatment of IHNV infection during salmon family and provide a reference for the use of andrographolide as an antioxidant agent in agricultural settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Linfang Li
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Jingzhuang Zhao
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Guangming Ren
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Tongyan Lu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Yizhi Shao
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Liming Xu
- Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China (J.Z.); (G.R.); (T.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150070, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Okoye CN, Koren SA, Wojtovich AP. Mitochondrial complex I ROS production and redox signaling in hypoxia. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102926. [PMID: 37871533 PMCID: PMC10598411 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are a main source of cellular energy. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the major process of aerobic respiration. Enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain (ETC) pump protons to generate a protonmotive force (Δp) that drives OXPHOS. Complex I is an electron entry point into the ETC. Complex I oxidizes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and transfers electrons to ubiquinone in a reaction coupled with proton pumping. Complex I also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) under various conditions. The enzymatic activities of complex I can be regulated by metabolic conditions and serves as a regulatory node of the ETC. Complex I ROS plays diverse roles in cell metabolism ranging from physiologic to pathologic conditions. Progress in our understanding indicates that ROS release from complex I serves important signaling functions. Increasing evidence suggests that complex I ROS is important in signaling a mismatch in energy production and demand. In this article, we review the role of ROS from complex I in sensing acute hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie N Okoye
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Shon A Koren
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andrew P Wojtovich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li M, Tang M, Zhao C, Dang P, Wang X, Liu H, Zhao J, Wang J, He P. Prognostic Potential of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy. Adv Ther 2023; 40:4792-4804. [PMID: 37612564 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases present a great burden for survivors of hematologic malignancy (HM). However, the effect of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on the clinical outcome of patients with HM remains unknown. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic potential of PH in patients with HM and explore the related clinical determinants. METHODS This retrospective study included 220 patients with HM and PH and 220 controls without PH, the case-matching cohort analysis was performed based on age, sex, the year of diagnosis and disease type. The baseline characteristics and overall survival (OS) of the patients with HM with or without PH were compared. The cumulative overall survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to identify the predictors of OS. RESULTS PH was found in 11.98% (302/2520) of the patients with HM. The PH group had lower levels of hemoglobin, platelet, albumin, fibrinogen and B cell count; whereas the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, fibrinogen degradation products and C-reactive protein were higher. Additionally, the PH group had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation. Survival analysis revealed that the PH group had an inferior OS compared to the non-PH group (16.9 vs. 37.6 months, p = 0.002). Further subgroup analysis revealed that the severe PH group had the worst OS, followed by the moderate and the mild PH groups (8.7 vs. 14.7 vs. 23.7 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that PH was an independent predictor for unfavorable clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Coexisting PH was associated with inferior clinical outcomes in patients with HM, and the severe PH group had the worst prognosis. The study may provide additional risk stratification for patients with HM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaojing Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manyun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Surgical Critical Care and Life Support, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changying Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peizhu Dang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xindi Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu D, Tian L, Hoskin V, Dasgupta A. Editorial: The effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on the cell cycle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1303834. [PMID: 37928899 PMCID: PMC10622665 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1303834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danchen Wu
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Lian Tian
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang Y, Song S, Liu J, Zhang L, Guo X, Lu J, Li L, Yang C, Fu Q, Zeng B. Epigenetic regulation of programmed cell death in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206452. [PMID: 37753070 PMCID: PMC10518698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe progressive disease that may cause early right ventricular failure and eventual cardiac failure. The pathogenesis of PAH involves endothelial dysfunction, aberrant proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and vascular fibrosis. Hypoxia has been shown to induce elevated secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leading to the development of hypoxic PAH. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic PAH remain incompletely understood. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a natural cell death and regulated by certain genes. Emerging evidence suggests that apoptotic resistance contributes to the development of PAH. Moreover, several novel types of PCD, such as autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been reported to be involved in the development of PAH. Additionally, multiple diverse epigenetic mechanisms including RNA methylation, DNA methylation, histone modification, and the non-coding RNA molecule-mediated processes have been strongly linked to the development of PAH. These epigenetic modifications affect the expression of genes, which produce important changes in cellular biological processes, including PCD. Consequently, a better understanding of the PCD processes and epigenetic modification involved in PAH will provide novel, specific therapeutic strategies for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss recent advances in epigenetic mechanisms and elucidate the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating PCD in hypoxia-induced PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shasha Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Shanghai Baoxing Biological Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayao Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lie Li
- Shenzhen Reyson Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Nanjing Evertop Electronics Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Geng Y, Hu Y, Zhang F, Tuo Y, Ge R, Bai Z. Mitochondria in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, roles and the potential targets. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1239643. [PMID: 37645564 PMCID: PMC10461481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1239643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the centrol hub for cellular energy metabolisms. They regulate fuel metabolism by oxygen levels, participate in physiological signaling pathways, and act as oxygen sensors. Once oxygen deprived, the fuel utilizations can be switched from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis for ATP production. Notably, mitochondria can also adapt to hypoxia by making various functional and phenotypes changes to meet the demanding of oxygen levels. Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is a life-threatening disease, but its exact pathgenesis mechanism is still unclear and there is no effective treatment available until now. Ample of evidence indicated that mitochondria play key factor in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. By hypoxia-inducible factors, multiple cells sense and transmit hypoxia signals, which then control the expression of various metabolic genes. This activation of hypoxia-inducible factors considered associations with crosstalk between hypoxia and altered mitochondrial metabolism, which plays an important role in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms of how hypoxia affects mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial biosynthesis, reactive oxygen homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics, to explore the potential of improving mitochondrial function as a strategy for treating hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Geng
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial Traffic Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yajun Tuo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Rili Ge
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhenzhong Bai
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Application and Foundation for High Altitude Medicine Research in Qinghai Province (Qinghai-Utah Joint Research Key Lab for High Altitude Medicine), Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen Y, Tang Y, Hou S, Luo J, Chen J, Qiu H, Chen W, Li K, He J, Li J. Differential expression spectrum and targeted gene prediction of tRNA-derived small RNAs in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1204740. [PMID: 37496778 PMCID: PMC10367008 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1204740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a potentially fatal pulmonary vascular disease with an extremely poor natural course. The limitations of current treatment and the unclear etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic PAH require new targets and avenues of exploration involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), a new type of small non-coding RNAs, have a significant part in the progress of diverse diseases. However, the potential functions behind tsRNAs in idiopathic PAH remain unknown. Methods: Small RNA microarray was implemented on three pairs of plasma of idiopathic PAH patients and healthy controls to investigate and compare tsRNAs expression profiles. Validation samples were used for real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) to verify several dysregulated tsRNAs. Bioinformatic analysis was adopted to determine potential target genes and mechanisms of the validated tsRNAs in PAH. Results: Microarray detected 816 statistically significantly dysregulated tsRNAs, of which 243 tsRNAs were upregulated and 573 were downregulated in PAH. Eight validated tsRNAs in the results of Real-time PCR were concordant with the small RNA microarray: four upregulated (tRF3a-AspGTC-9, 5'tiRNA-31-GluCTC-16, i-tRF-31:54-Val-CAC-1 and tRF3b-TyrGTA-4) and four downregulated (5'tiRNA-33-LysTTT-4, i-tRF-8:32-Val-AAC-2, i-tRF-2:30-His-GTG-1, and i-tRF-15:31-Lys-CTT-1). The Gene Ontology analysis has shown that the verified tsRNAs are related to cellular macromolecule metabolic process, regulation of cellular process, and regulation of cellular metabolic process. It is disclosed that potential target genes of verified tsRNAs are widely involved in PAH pathways by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Conclusion: This study investigated tsRNA profiles in idiopathic PAH and found that the dysregulated tsRNAs may become a novel type of biomarkers and possible targets for PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Heart Failure of Hunan Province, Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Sitong Hou
- Clinical Medicine, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kexing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jin He
- Clinical Medicine Research Center of Heart Failure of Hunan Province, Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu Y, Zhou X, Zhu A, Xiong S, Xie J, Bai Z. Advances in exercise to alleviate sarcopenia in older adults by improving mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1196426. [PMID: 37476691 PMCID: PMC10355810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1196426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a chronic degenerative disease affecting primarily older adults. A growing aging population is gradually increasing the number of patients suffering from sarcopenia, placing increasing financial pressure on patients' families and society in general. There is a strong link between mitochondrial dysfunction and sarcopenia pathogenesis. As a result, treating sarcopenia by improving mitochondrial dysfunction is an effective strategy. Numerous studies have demonstrated that exercise has a positive effect on mitochondrial dysfunction when treating sarcopenia. Exercise promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial fusion/division to add new mitochondria or improve dysfunctional mitochondria while maintaining mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial antioxidant defense system, and mitochondrial autophagy to promote normal mitochondrial function. Furthermore, exercise can reduce mitochondrial damage caused by aging by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial DNA damage, and mitochondrial apoptosis. Exercise effectiveness depends on several factors, including exercise duration, exercise intensity, and exercise form. Therefore, Moderate-intensity exercise over 4 weeks potentially mitigates sarcopenia in older adults by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. HIIT has demonstrated potential as a viable approach to addressing sarcopenia in aged rats. However, further investigation is required to validate its efficacy in treating sarcopenia in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhenmin Bai
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu R, Yuan T, Wang R, Gong D, Wang S, Du G, Fang L. Insights into Endothelin Receptors in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10206. [PMID: 37373355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease which affects the cardiopulmonary system; it is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) > 20 mmHg as measured by right heart catheterization at rest, and is caused by complex and diverse mechanisms. In response to stimuli such as hypoxia and ischemia, the expression and synthesis of endothelin (ET) increase, leading to the activation of various signaling pathways downstream of it and producing effects such as the induction of abnormal vascular proliferation during the development of the disease. This paper reviews the regulation of endothelin receptors and their pathways in normal physiological processes and disease processes, and describes the mechanistic roles of ET receptor antagonists that are currently approved and used in clinical studies. Current clinical researches on ET are focused on the development of multi-target combinations and novel delivery methods to improve efficacy and patient compliance while reducing side effects. In this review, future research directions and trends of ET targets are described, including monotherapy and precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tianyi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ranran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Difei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shoubao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lianhua Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
4-Octyl itaconate inhibits aerobic glycolysis by targeting GAPDH to promote cuproptosis in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114301. [PMID: 36706634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis, a novel copper-induced cell death pathway, is linked to mitochondrial respiration and mediated by protein lipoylation. The discovery of cuproptosis unfolds new areas of investigation, particularly in cancers. The present study aimed to explore the role of cuproptosis in colorectal cancer progression. The genetic alterations of cuproptosis in colon cancer were evaluated using a database. MTT assays, colony formation, and flow cytometry were used to examine the effect of elesclomol-Cu and 4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI) on colorectal cancer cell and oxaliplatin-resistant cell viability. The anti-tumor effect of elesclomol with 4-OI was verified in vivo assay. The results showed that FDX1, SDHB, DLAT, and DLST genes were more highly expressed in normal tissues than those in primary tumor tissues. Patients with high expressions of these genes in tumor tissues had a better prognosis. Using MTT assay and colony formation analysis, elesclomol-Cu pulse treatment showed significant inhibition of cell viability in HCT116, LoVo, and HCT116-R cells. In addition, flow cytometry revealed elesclomol-Cu significantly promoted apoptosis. Tetrathiomolybdate, a copper chelator, markedly inhibited cuproptosis. Subsequently, we found 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a glucose metabolism inhibitor, sensitized cuproptosis. Furthermore, galactose further promoted cuproptosis. Interestingly, 4-OI significantly enhanced cuproptosis which was irrelevant to ROS production, apoptosis, necroptosis, or pyroptosis pathways. Aerobic glycolysis was inhibited by 4-OI through GAPDH, one of the key enzymes of glycolysis, sensitizing cuproptosis. Meanwhile, FDX1 knockdown weakened the ability of 4-OI to promote cuproptosis. In vivo experiments, 4-OI with elesclomol-Cu showed better anti-tumor effects. These results indicated that elesclomol-Cu rapidly halted cell growth in colorectal cancer cells and oxaliplatin-resistant cell line. Importantly, we revealed that 4-OI inhibited aerobic glycolysis by targeting GAPDH to promote cuproptosis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mechanism of Hypoxia-Mediated Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Leading to Vascular Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3959845. [PMID: 36593773 PMCID: PMC9805398 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3959845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling refers to changes in the size, contraction, distribution, and flow rate of blood vessels and even changes in vascular function. Vascular remodeling can cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It can also lead to other systemic diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and ascites of broilers. Hypoxia is one of the main causes of vascular remodeling. Prolonged hypoxia or intermittent hypoxia can lead to loss of lung ventilation, causing respiratory depression, irregular respiratory rhythms, and central respiratory failure. Animals that are unable to adapt to the highland environment are also prone to sustained constriction of the small pulmonary arteries, increased resistance to pulmonary circulation, and impaired blood circulation, leading to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure if they live in a highland environment for long periods of time. However, limited studies have been found on the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling. Therefore, this review will explore the relationship between hypoxia and vascular remodeling from the aspects of endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal calcium channel, disordered cellular metabolism, abnormal expression of miRNA, and other factors. This will help to understand the detailed mechanism of hypoxia-mediated smooth muscle cell proliferation and vascular remodeling for the better treatment and management of diseases due to vascular remodeling.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang W, Liu B, Wang Y, Zhang H, He L, Wang P, Dong M. Mitochondrial dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1079989. [PMID: 36589421 PMCID: PMC9795033 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1079989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by the increased pulmonary vascular resistance due to pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling. PAH has high disability, high mortality and poor prognosis, which is becoming a more common global health issue. There is currently no drug that can permanently cure PAH patients. The pathogenesis of PAH is still not fully elucidated. However, the role of metabolic theory in the pathogenesis of PAH is becoming clearer, especially mitochondrial metabolism. With the deepening of mitochondrial researches in recent years, more and more studies have shown that the occurrence and development of PAH are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, redox homeostasis, enhanced glycolysis, and increased reactive oxygen species production, calcium dysregulation, mitophagy, etc. This review will further elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. It might be possible to explore more comprehensive and specific treatment strategies for PAH by understanding these mitochondrial metabolic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Geratric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Hengli Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Lang He
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Mingqing Dong, ; Lang He, ; Pan Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Quinn LA, Gilley SP, Ta AD, Frank BS, Foley CB, Moore JM. Case report: Pulmonary hypertensive crisis leading to cardiac arrest during endoscopic evaluation in a 6-year-old boy with autism, severe malnutrition, and undiagnosed scurvy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1008507. [PMID: 36389378 PMCID: PMC9650637 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1008507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric gastroenterologists are often responsible for the evaluation of malnutrition in the setting of selective eating. Endoscopic evaluation for conditions including eosinophilic esophagitis and celiac disease can help to identify and treat mucosal disease contributing to food selectivity. However, undiagnosed micronutrient deficiencies can cause cardiovascular derangements that significantly increase a patient's anesthetic risk. Vitamin C deficiency in particular, alone or in combination with severe malnutrition, is associated with a severe but reversible form of pulmonary arterial hypertension that, while life threatening in the acute phase, may significantly improve within days of starting ascorbic acid replacement therapy. Here we present a case of a 6-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), severe malnutrition, and undiagnosed chronic vitamin C deficiency who developed a pulmonary hypertensive crisis after induction of general anesthesia leading to cardiac arrest during endoscopic evaluation. While the association between food selectivity among youth with neurodevelopmental differences and vitamin C deficiency is well-described, and pulmonary hypertension is a recognized rare complication of scurvy, extant literature has not addressed next steps to improve patient outcomes. Using this case report as a foundation, we discuss specific patient populations to screen and treat for micronutrient deficiencies prior to anesthesia and propose a novel clinical algorithm for pre-anesthesia risk stratification and mitigation in patients specifically at risk for scurvy and associated pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Quinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Stephanie P. Gilley
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Allison D. Ta
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Frank
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Carolyn B. Foley
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jaime M. Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li X, Ren Z, Huang X, Yu T. LACTB, a Metabolic Therapeutic Target in Clinical Cancer Application. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172749. [PMID: 36078157 PMCID: PMC9454609 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine beta-lactamase-like protein (LACTB) is the only mammalian mitochondrial homolog evolved from penicillin-binding proteins and β-lactamases (PBP-βLs) in bacteria. LACTB, an active-site serine protease, polymerizes into stable filaments, which are localized to the intermembrane space (IMS) of mitochondrion and involved in the submitochondrial organization, modulating mitochondrial lipid metabolism. Cancer pathogenesis and progression are relevant to the alterations in mitochondrial metabolism. Metabolic reprogramming contributes to cancer cell behavior. This article (1) evidences the clinical implications of LACTB on neoplastic cell proliferation and migration and tumor growth and metastasis as well as LACTB’s involvement in chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic responses; (2) sketches the structural basis for LACTB activity and function; and (3) highlights the relevant regulatory mechanisms to LACTB. The abnormal expression of LACTB has been associated with clinicopathological features of cancer tissues and outcomes of anticancer therapies. With the current pioneer researches on the tumor-suppressed function, structural basis, and regulatory mechanism of LACTB, the perspective hints at a great appeal of enzymic property, polymerization, mutation, and epigenetic and post-translational modifications in investigating LACTB’s role in cancer pathogenesis. This perspective provides novel insights for LACTB as a metabolic regulator with potential to develop targeted cancer therapies or neoadjuvant therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China or
| | - Zhongkai Ren
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China or
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Shandong Institute of Traumatic Orthopedics, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266590, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China or
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (X.H.); (T.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Biomimetic mineralization: An emerging organism engineering strategy for biomedical applications. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 232:111815. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123724. [PMID: 35744848 PMCID: PMC9229274 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is clinically characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary artery pressure, followed by right ventricular hypertrophy and subsequently right heart failure. The underlying mechanism of PAH includes endothelial dysfunction and intimal smooth muscle proliferation. Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress is critical in the pathophysiology of PAH and involves changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen (RNS), and nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathways. Disrupted ROS and NO signaling pathways cause the proliferation of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), resulting in DNA damage, metabolic abnormalities, and vascular remodeling. Antioxidant treatment has become a main area of research for the treatment of PAH. This review mainly introduces oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of PAH and antioxidative therapies and explains why targeting oxidative stress is a valid strategy for PAH treatment.
Collapse
|
27
|
The Role of PKM2 in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function: Focus on Mitochondrial Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Dynamic, and Apoptosis. PKM2 in Mitochondrial Function. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7702681. [PMID: 35571239 PMCID: PMC9106463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7702681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is one isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK). PKM2 is expressed at high levels during embryonic development and tumor progression and is subject to complex allosteric regulation. PKM2 is a special glycolytic enzyme that regulates the final step of glycolysis; the role of PKM2 in the metabolism, survival, and apoptosis of cancer cells has received increasing attention. Mitochondria are directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of energy metabolism, susceptibility to oxidative stress, and cell death; however, the role of PKM2 in mitochondrial functions remains unclear. Herein, we review the related mechanisms of the role of PKM2 in the regulation of mitochondrial functions from the aspects of metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), dynamic, and apoptosis, which can be highlighted as a target for the clinical management of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
28
|
He W, Su X, Chen L, Liu C, Lu W, Wang T, Wang J. Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15101. [PMID: 34981661 PMCID: PMC8724678 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the specific roles of PBMCs in the development and progression of idiopathic PAH (IPAH) have not been fully understood. METHODS Here, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PBMCs or lung tissues between IPAH patients and healthy controls were identified via bioinformatics analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets GSE33463 and GSE48149, respectively. Subsequently, extensive target prediction and network analysis were performed to assess protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and pathway enrichment for DEGs. Co-expressed DEGs between PBMCs and lung tissues coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs involved in PAH were also assessed. We identified 251 DEGs in PBMCs and 151 DEGs in lung tissue samples from IPAH. PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A expression were altered in both PBMCs and lung tissues from IPAH patients compared to healthy control. RESULTS CXCL8, JUN, TLR8, IL1B, and TLR7 could be implicated as the hub genes in PBMCs, whereas ENO1, STAT1, CXCL10, GPI, and IRF1 in lung tissues. Finally, co-expressed DEGs of PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A coupled with corresponding predicted miRNAs, especially miR-103a-3p, miR-185-5p, and miR-515-5p, are significantly associated with IPAH. CONCLUSION Our findings collectively suggest that the expression levels of PDK4, RBPMS2, and PDE5A in PBMCs are associated with the expression of these genes in lung tissues. Thus, these molecules may serve as potential circulating biomarkers and/or possible therapeutic targets for IPAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CenterLocation VU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Xi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lingdan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is a common microvascular complication with a high incidence in diabetic patients, greatly increases the mortality of patients. With further study on DN, it is found that epigenetics plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of DN. Epigenetics has an important impact on the development of DN through a variety of mechanisms, and promotes the generation and maintenance of metabolic memory, thus ultimately leading to a poor prognosis. In this review we discuss the methylation of DNA, modification of histone, and regulation of non-coding RNA involved in the progress of cell dysfunction, inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney, which ultimately lead to the deterioration of DN.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yang YF, Yang W, Liao ZY, Wu YX, Fan Z, Guo A, Yu J, Chen QN, Wu JH, Zhou J, Xiao Q. MICU3 regulates mitochondrial Ca 2+-dependent antioxidant response in skeletal muscle aging. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1115. [PMID: 34845191 PMCID: PMC8630021 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, termed sarcopenia, could impair the quality of life in the elderly. The mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle aging are intricate and largely unknown. However, more and more evidence demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis also play an important role in skeletal muscle aging. Recent studies have shown that mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU)-mediated mitochondrial calcium affects skeletal muscle mass and function by affecting mitochondrial function. During aging, we observed downregulated expression of mitochondrial calcium uptake family member3 (MICU3) in skeletal muscle, a regulator of MCU, which resulted in a significant reduction in mitochondrial calcium uptake. However, the role of MICU3 in skeletal muscle aging remains poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MICU3 on the skeletal muscle of aged mice and senescent C2C12 cells induced by D-gal. Downregulation of MICU3 was associated with decreased myogenesis but increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. Reconstitution of MICU3 enhanced antioxidants, prevented the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS, decreased apoptosis, and increased myogenesis. These findings indicate that MICU3 might promote mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and function, attenuate oxidative stress and apoptosis, and restore skeletal muscle mass and function. Therefore, MICU3 may be a potential therapeutic target in skeletal muscle aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Yin Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-Xin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Province People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ai Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiu-Nan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang-Hao Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinic, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Anti-cancer actions of carnosine and the restoration of normal cellular homeostasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119117. [PMID: 34384791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine is a naturally occurring dipeptide found in meat. Alternatively it can be formed through synthesis from the amino acids, β-alanine and L-histidine. Carnosine has long been advocated for use as an anti-oxidant and anti-glycating agent to facilitate healthy ageing, and there have also been reports of it having anti-proliferative effects that have beneficial actions against the development of a number of different cancers. Carnosine is able to undertake multiple molecular processes, and it's mechanism of action therefore remains controversial - both in healthy tissues and those associated with cancer or metabolic diseases. Here we review current understanding of its mechanistic role in different physiological contexts, and how this relates to cancer. Carnosine turns over rapidly in the body due to the presence of both serum and tissue carnosinase enzymes however, so its use as a dietary supplement would require ingestion of multiple daily doses. Strategies are therefore being developed that are based upon either resistance of carnosine analogs to enzymatic turnover, or else β-alanine supplementation, and the development of these potential therapeutic agents is discussed.
Collapse
|
32
|
Domann FE, Hitchler MJ. Aberrant redox biology and epigenetic reprogramming: Co-conspirators across multiple human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:2-5. [PMID: 33932538 PMCID: PMC8217310 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An epigenetic landscape encompasses a series of dynamic interconnected mechanisms working together to fashion a diverse set of phenotypes from a singular genotype. The epigenetic plasticity observed in disease and development is facilitated by enzymes that create and remove covalent modifications to DNA and histones. Several important discoveries within the past decade have revealed that epigenetic control mechanisms are subject to redox regulation and mitochondrial-to-nuclear retrograde signaling. This has led to our current understanding that the writers and erasers of the epigenome are influenced by several levels of redox and metabolic control including the bioavailability of oxygen, nutrients, and metabolite co-factors necessary for optimal enzyme activity. Thus, these enzymes perceive a cell's redox state, metabolic status, and environmental signals to influence chromatin structure and accessibility to the transcriptional apparatus. Not only are the activities of epigenetic enzymes affected by cellular redox conditions, but also, in feedback loop fashion, genes encoding antioxidant enzymes as well as prooxidant enzymes can be altered in their expression patterns by epigenetic silencing mechanisms. The altered expression of the anti- and prooxidant genes can then contribute to the onset or progression of disease. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression by the confluence of redox biology and gene-environment interactions is an active area of research and our understanding of these links continues to evolve. Given the emergent importance of crosstalk between redox biology and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, it is timely that this issue should explore the current state of knowledge on this topic and how changes in metabolism and redox flux can result in tectonic shifts of the epigenetic landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick E Domann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| | - Michael J Hitchler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, 4950 Sunset Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
| |
Collapse
|