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García-Loredo JA, Santoyo-Suarez MG, Rodríguez-Nuñez O, Benitez Chao DF, Garza-Treviño EN, Zapata-Morin PA, Padilla-Rivas GR, Islas JF. Is the Cis-Element CACCC-Box a Master Regulatory Element during Cardiovascular Disease? A Bioinformatics Approach from the Perspective of the Krüppel-like Family of Transcription Factors. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:493. [PMID: 38672763 PMCID: PMC11051458 DOI: 10.3390/life14040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The CACCC-box motif emerges as a pivotal cis-regulatory element implicated in diverse developmental processes and diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This study centers on the intricate interplay between the CACCC-box and its binding proteins such as: the Krüppel-Like Family (KLF) of transcription factors as primary effectors in the context of CVDs. Our analysis was through a bioinformatics approach, which revealed significant transcriptional activity among KLF subgroup 2, exhibiting the highest number of interactions focusing on the established roles: pluripotency, cancer, and cardiovascular development and diseases. Our analysis reveals KLF's interactions with GATA4, MEF2C, NKX2.5 and other ~90 potential genes that participate in the regulation of the hypertrophic environment (or CVDs' Environment). Also, the GO analysis showed that genes containing the motif CACCC were enriched for multiple CVDs; in combination with STRING analysis, these results pointed to a link between KLFs and these diseases. The analysis further identifies other potential CACCC-box binding factors, such as SP family members, WT1, VEZF1, and -SALL4, which are implicated in cardiac contraction, remodeling, and inflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Andrés García-Loredo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico;
| | - Michelle G. Santoyo-Suarez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
| | - Oscar Rodríguez-Nuñez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
| | - Diego Francisco Benitez Chao
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
| | - Elsa N. Garza-Treviño
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
| | - Patricio Adrián Zapata-Morin
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo R. Padilla-Rivas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
| | - Jose Francisco Islas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico; (J.A.G.-L.); (M.G.S.-S.); (O.R.-N.); (D.F.B.C.); (E.N.G.-T.); (G.R.P.-R.)
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Andrejčinová I, Blažková G, Papatheodorou I, Bendíčková K, Bosáková V, Skotáková M, Panovský R, Opatřil L, Vymazal O, Kovačovicová P, Šrámek V, Helán M, Hortová-Kohoutková M, Frič J. Persisting IL-18 levels after COVID-19 correlate with markers of cardiovascular inflammation reflecting potential risk of CVDs development. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25938. [PMID: 38404862 PMCID: PMC10884808 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 manifestation is associated with a strong immune system activation leading to inflammation and subsequently affecting the cardiovascular system. The objective of the study was to reveal possible interconnection between prolongated inflammation and the development or exacerbation of long-term cardiovascular complications after COVID-19. We investigated correlations between humoral and cellular immune system markers together with markers of cardiovascular inflammation/dysfunction during COVID-19 onset and subsequent recovery. We analyzed 22 hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 within three timepoints (acute, 1 and 6 months after COVID-19) in order to track the impact of COVID-19 on the long-term decline of the cardiovascular system fitness and eventual development of CVDs. Among the cytokines dysregulated during COVID-19 changes, we showed significant correlations of IL-18 as a key driver of several pathophysiological changes with markers of cardiovascular inflammation/dysfunction. Our findings established novel immune-related markers, which can be used for the stratification of patients at high risk of CVDs for further therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Andrejčinová
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Blažková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ioanna Papatheodorou
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Bendíčková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Bosáková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Skotáková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Panovský
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine/Cardioangiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Opatřil
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine/Cardioangiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vymazal
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kovačovicová
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Šrámek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Helán
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Hortová-Kohoutková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frič
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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Zhang J, Yi Q, Zhou C, Luo Y, Wei H, Ge H, Liu H, Zhang J, Li X, Xie X, Pan P, Yi M, Cheng L, Zhou H, Liu L, Aili A, Liu Y, Peng L, Pu J, Zhou H. A simple clinical risk score (ABCDMP) for predicting mortality in patients with AECOPD and cardiovascular diseases. Respir Res 2024; 25:89. [PMID: 38341529 PMCID: PMC10858518 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality among hospital inpatients with AECOPD and CVDs remains unacceptably high. Currently, no risk score for predicting mortality has been specifically developed in patients with AECOPD and CVDs. We therefore aimed to derive and validate a simple clinical risk score to assess individuals' risk of poor prognosis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated inpatients with AECOPD and CVDs in a prospective, noninterventional, multicenter cohort study. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify the independent prognostic risk factors and created a risk score model according to patients' data from a derivation cohort. Discrimination was evaluated by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration was assessed by the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. The model was validated and compared with the BAP-65, CURB-65, DECAF and NIVO models in a validation cohort. RESULTS We derived a combined risk score, the ABCDMP score, that included the following variables: age > 75 years, BUN > 7 mmol/L, consolidation, diastolic blood pressure ≤ 60 mmHg, mental status altered, and pulse > 109 beats/min. Discrimination (AUC 0.847, 95% CI, 0.805-0.890) and calibration (Hosmer‒Lemeshow statistic, P = 0.142) were good in the derivation cohort and similar in the validation cohort (AUC 0.811, 95% CI, 0.755-0.868). The ABCDMP score had significantly better predictivity for in-hospital mortality than the BAP-65, CURB-65, DECAF, and NIVO scores (all P < 0.001). Additionally, the new score also had moderate predictive performance for 3-year mortality and can be used to stratify patients into different management groups. CONCLUSIONS The ABCDMP risk score could help predict mortality in AECOPD and CVDs patients and guide further clinical research on risk-based treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trail Registry NO.:ChiCTR2100044625; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=121626 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qun Yi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuanming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hailong Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huiqing Ge
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jianchu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xianhua Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Neijiang City, Neijiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiufang Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Neijiang City, Neijiang, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mengqiu Yi
- Department of Emergency, First People's Hospital of Jiujiang, Jiu jiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lina Cheng
- Department of Emergency, First People's Hospital of Jiujiang, Jiu jiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Adila Aili
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lige Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Pu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo-xue-xiang 37#, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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Merzah M, Natae S, Sándor J, Fiatal S. Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) of the Mesocorticolimbic System Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:109. [PMID: 38254998 PMCID: PMC10815084 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The mesocorticolimbic (MCL) system is crucial in developing risky health behaviors which lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although there is some knowledge of the MCL system genes linked to CVDs and T2D, a comprehensive list is lacking, underscoring the significance of this review. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched intensively for articles related to the MCL system, single nucleotide variants (SNVs, formerly single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs), CVDs, T2D, and associated risk factors. Included studies had to involve a genotype with at least one MCL system gene (with an identified SNV) for all participants and the analysis of its link to CVDs, T2D, or associated risk factors. The quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Q-Genie tool. The VEP and DAVID tools were used to annotate and interpret genetic variants and identify enriched pathways and gene ontology terms associated with the gene list. The review identified 77 articles that met the inclusion criteria. These articles provided information on 174 SNVs related to the MCL system that were linked to CVDs, T2D, or associated risk factors. The COMT gene was found to be significantly related to hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and drug abuse, with rs4680 being the most commonly reported variant. This systematic review found a strong association between the MCL system and the risk of developing CVDs and T2D, suggesting that identifying genetic variations related to this system could help with disease prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Merzah
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.M.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Shewaye Natae
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.M.)
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Sándor
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.M.)
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Fiatal
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.M.)
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Rihan M, Sharma SS. Inhibition of Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) by shikonin attenuates isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction via reduction in inflammation, hypoxia, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:145-159. [PMID: 37382601 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality and disability globally. MI results from acute or chronic myocardial ischemia characterized by an imbalance of oxygen demand and supply, leading to irreversible myocardial injury. Despite several significant efforts in the understanding of MI, the therapy of MI is not satisfactory due to its complicated pathophysiology. Recently, therapeutic potential of targeting pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) has been postulated in several cardiovascular diseases. PKM2 gene knockout and expression studies implicated the role of PKM2 in MI. However, the effects of pharmacological interventions targeting PKM2 have not been investigated in MI. Therefore, in the present study, effect of PKM2 inhibitor has been investigated in the MI along with elucidation of possible mechanism(s). MI in rats was induced by administrations of isoproterenol (ISO) at a dose of 100 mg/kg s.c. for two consecutives days at 24-h interval. At the same time, shikonin (PKM2 inhibitor) was administered at 2 and 4 mg/kg in ISO-induced MI rats. After the shikonin treatment, the ventricular functions were measured using a PV-loop system. Plasma MI injury markers, cardiac histology, and immunoblotting were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism. Treatment of shikonin 2 and 4 mg/kg ameliorated cardiac injury, reduced infarct size, biochemical alterations, ventricular dysfunction, and cardiac fibrosis in ISO-induced MI. Expression of PKM2 in the ventricle was reduced while PKM1 expression increased in the shikonin treated group, indicating PKM2 inhibition restores PKM1 expression. In addition, PKM splicing protein (hnRNPA2B1 & PTBP1), HIF-1α, and caspase-3 expression were reduced after shikonin treatment. Our findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of PKM2 with shikonin could be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rihan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Shyam Sunder Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S Nagar (Mohali), 160062, Punjab, India.
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Zuhal SH, Kimura T, Tamakoshi A. Association of the age at smoking initiation and cessation on all-cause and cause-specific mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Nagoya J Med Sci 2023; 85:691-712. [PMID: 38155620 PMCID: PMC10751493 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.85.4.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
We estimated the association between the age at smoking initiation and cessation and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Japanese men (n = 41,711; age 40-79 years) by analyzing data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Cancer Risks. From 1988 and 1990 to 2009, 13,429 all-cause deaths (cancers, n = 4999; cardiovascular diseases, n = 3682) occurred in this cohort. Fitted Cox proportional hazard models, with never smokers as the reference group, were created. Former smokers demonstrated a lower risk for all-cause and cause-specific mortality than current smokers, with a dose-dependent reduction in the risk based on smoking-initiation age. Among former smokers who quit smoking aged 50 years or more, the highest hazard ratios were detected for those who started smoking at <20 years of age (all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality, hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.51 [1.29-1.77], 1.68 [1.27-2.23], and 1.48 [1.12-1.96], respectively). Former smokers who quit smoking at <50 years of age had negligible all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality regardless of the smoking-initiation age, whereas the cancer mortality risk remained significantly high among those who quit smoking at 40-49 years of age. Thus, smoking cessation significantly reduces the all-cause mortality risk; however, early initiation and later cessation do not provide a huge benefit, which earlier cessation does. Therefore, all smokers should be encouraged to quit smoking earlier in life regardless of their age at smoking initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Haares Zuhal
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Cheng J, Sun K. Heart Sound Classification Network Based on Convolution and Transformer. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8168. [PMID: 37836998 PMCID: PMC10575162 DOI: 10.3390/s23198168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Electronic auscultation is vital for doctors to detect symptoms and signs of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), significantly impacting human health. Although progress has been made in heart sound classification, most existing methods require precise segmentation and feature extraction of heart sound signals before classification. To address this, we introduce an innovative approach for heart sound classification. Our method, named Convolution and Transformer Encoder Neural Network (CTENN), simplifies preprocessing, automatically extracting features using a combination of a one-dimensional convolution (1D-Conv) module and a Transformer encoder. Experimental results showcase the superiority of our proposed method in both binary and multi-class tasks, achieving remarkable accuracies of 96.4%, 99.7%, and 95.7% across three distinct datasets compared with that of similar approaches. This advancement holds promise for enhancing CVD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Cheng
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Kexue Sun
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China;
- Nation-Local Joint Project Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration & Micropackage, Nanjing 210023, China
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Saad B. Management of Obesity-Related Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Diseases by Medicinal Plants: From Traditional Uses to Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2204. [PMID: 37626701 PMCID: PMC10452657 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cardiac remodeling in the presence of persistent inflammation leads to myocardial fibrosis and extracellular matrix changes, which reduce cardiac function, induce arrhythmias, and finally, cause heart failure. The majority of current CVD treatment plans concentrate on reducing risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. One such strategy could be inflammation reduction. Numerous in vitro, animal, and clinical studies indicate that obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of medicinal plants and phytochemicals to cure and prevent obesity and inflammation. In comparison to conventional therapies, the synergistic effects of several phytochemicals boost their bioavailability and impact numerous cellular and molecular targets. Focusing on appetite, pancreatic lipase activity, thermogenesis, lipid metabolism, lipolysis and adipogenesis, apoptosis in adipocytes, and adipocyte life cycle by medicinal plants and phytochemicals represent an important goal in the development of new anti-obesity drugs. We conducted an extensive review of the literature and electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and MedlinePlus, for collecting data on the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants/phytochemicals in curing obesity and its related inflammation and CVD diseases, including cellular and molecular mechanisms, cytokines, signal transduction cascades, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Saad
- Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baqa Algharbiya 30100, Israel; or
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Arab American University, Jenin P203, Palestine
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Krishnan A, Asadullah M, Kumar R, Amarchand R, Bhatia R, Roy A. Prevalence and determinants of delays in care among premature deaths due to acute cardiac conditions and stroke in residents of a district in India. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2023; 15:100222. [PMID: 37614354 PMCID: PMC10442961 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Lack of timely care is a predictor of poor outcomes in acute cardiovascular emergencies including stroke. We assessed the presence of delay in seeking appropriate care among those who died due to cardiac/stroke emergencies in a community in northern India and identified the reasons and determinants of this delay. Methods We conducted a social audit among all civil-registered premature (30-69 years) deaths due to acute cardiac event or stroke in the district. The three-delays model was used to qualitatively classify the delays in care-seeking-deciding to seek care, reaching the appropriate health facility (AHF) and initiating definitive treatment. Based on the estimated time from symptom onset to reaching AHF, we classified patients as early (reached within one hour) or delayed arrivers. We used mixed-effect logistic regression with postal code as a random effect to identify determinants of delayed arrival. Findings Only 10.8% of the deceased reached an AHF within one hour. We noted level-1 delay in 38.4% (60% due to non-recognition of seriousness); level-2 delay in 20% (40% due to going to an inappropriate facility) and level-3 delay in 10.8% (57% due to lack of affordability). Patients with a monthly family income of >270US$ (aOR 0.44; 95% CI 0.21-0.93) were less and those staying farther from AHF (aOR 1.12; 95% CI 1.01-1.25 for each Km) were more likely to have delayed arrival in AHF. Interpretation A small proportion of patients with cardiac and stroke emergencies reach health facility early with delays at multiple levels. Addressing the reasons for delay could prevent these deaths. Funding : Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Krishnan
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Asadullah
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritvik Amarchand
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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10
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Xia Y, Liu Z, Hu B, Rangarajan S, Ah Tse L, Li Y, Wang J, Hu L, Wang Y, Xiang Q, Lin Y, Han G, Yusuf S, Li W. Associations of outdoor fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular disease: Results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study in China (PURE-China). Environ Int 2023; 174:107829. [PMID: 36934571 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on whether an excess risk of incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people exposed to a high level of ambient PM2.5 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter<2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations and the risk of incidence and mortality of CVD in a large cohort study from 115 communities. METHODS In this cohort study, we followed 42 160 adults aged 35-75 years at baseline who enrolled in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study conducted in China (PURE-China) between 2005 and 2009 with ambient PM2.5 estimates, and followed up until August 2021. Cox proportional hazards frailty models were used to estimate the associations between long-term mean outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and CVD events, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. FINDINGS During a median follow-up period of 11.8 years, we documented 2 190 deaths, including 732 CVD deaths. There were 4 559 (10.8 %) of 42 160 participants who experienced incident total CVD, among them there were 861 myocardial infarctions (MI) and 2 338 S. The 3-year median concentration of ambient PM2.5 before the cohort commencement was 52.7 µg/m3 (interquartile range [IQR] 30.3-74.6). In full adjusted model, a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.12 (95 % CI 1.11-1.14) for major CVD and 1.03 (95 % CI 1.01-1.05) for all-cause mortality. Besides, long-term PM2.5 concentrations had a significantly positive gradient association with total CVD and a similar pattern of associations with other CVD outcomes was observed. INTERPRETATION This study demonstrated that long-term ambient PM2.5 concentrations is positively associated with increased risks of CVD in adults aged 35-70 years from China. This finding reinforces the need for policymakers to adopt more effective strategies to improve air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Xia
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Wang
- Balingqiao Community Health Service Center, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Nanchang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Han
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- Medical Research and Biometrics Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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11
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Emami Meybodi SM, Soleimani N, Yari A, Javadifar A, Tollabi M, Karimi B, Emami Meybodi M, Seyedhossaini S, Brouki Milan P, Dehghani Firoozabadi A. Circulatory long noncoding RNAs (circulatory-LNC-RNAs) as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases: Implications for cardiovascular diseases complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1049-1071. [PMID: 36414082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders with major global health consequences. The prevalence of CVDs continues to grow due to population-aging and lifestyle modifications. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as key regulators of cell signaling pathways have gained attention in the occurrence and development of CVDs. Exosomal-lncRNAs (exos-lncRNAs) are emerging biomarkers due to their high sensitivity and specificity, stability, accuracy and accessibility in the biological fluids. Recently, circulatory and exos-based-lncRNAs are emerging and novel bio-tools in various pathogenic conditions. It is worth mentioning that dysregulation of these molecules has been found in different types of CVDs. In this regard, we aimed to discuss the knowledge gaps and suggest research priorities regarding circulatory and exos-lncRNAs as novel bio-tools and therapeutic targets for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Soleimani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Yari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Mciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Amin Javadifar
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Tollabi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Karimi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Seyedmostafa Seyedhossaini
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Rajab BS. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological, Clinical, and Imaging Features. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:e250822208003. [PMID: 36028969 PMCID: PMC10201901 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x18666220825153725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic review was performed to deliver a critical view of clinical and research practice on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in Saudi Arabia. Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched for original articles reporting clinical and/or imaging findings among HCM patients in Saudi Arabia. Of 559 records identified, 3 studies and 1 abstract were included, involving 169 patients. METHODS The mean age ranged between 40and 56 years, up to 93.3% were males. A family history of HCM was reported in one study (5%), and sudden cardiac death was investigated in two studies (9% and 13%). Dyspnea was the most frequent symptom (60-68.7%) reported, followed by chest pain (12.5%-73.3%). RESULTS Regarding complications, atrial fibrillation was reported among 0-25% of the patients, mitral regurgitations among 13.3-50%, and ventricular tachycardia among 5-12.5%. Imaging parameters were inadequately documented and suggested a high prevalence of left atrial enlargement, SVI + RV5 > 35 mm, blocks, and asymmetric septal hypertrophy. CONCLUSION The ejection fraction was reported by two studies with a mean±SD of 68±13% and 77.2±8.07%. The researchers stress the paucity, low quality, and disparity in time of original studies about HCM in Saudi Arabia and recommend conducting national multicenter studies, with appropriate design, notably using screening-based recruitment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodour S. Rajab
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24211, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Vieira AF, Moritz CEJ, Ramis TR, Boeno FP, Dos Santos GC, Lisboa SC, Teodoro JL, Costa RR, Macedo RCO, Reischak-Oliveira A. Chronic aerobic exercise prevents high-fructose diet-induced impairment in blood pressure in healthy young adults: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1975-89. [PMID: 34915947 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521004980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to verify the effect of 4 weeks of a high-fructose diet (HFD) associated with aerobic training on the risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. Twenty-one young adults were randomised into three groups: HFD (HFD: 1 g/kg body weight of fructose/day), high-glucose diet (HGD: 1 g/kg body weight of glucose/day) and high-fructose diet and exercise (HFDE: 1 g/kg body weight of fructose/day + 3 weekly 60-minute sessions of aerobic exercise). Before and after the 4 weeks of the intervention, blood samples were taken and flow-mediated dilatation, insulin resistance index, pancreatic beta cell functional capacity index, insulin sensitivity index and 24-h blood pressure were evaluated. HFD showed an increase in uric acid concentrations (P = 0·040), and HGD and HFDE groups showed no changes in this outcome between pre- and post-intervention; however, the HFDE group showed increased uric acid concentrations from the middle to the end of the intervention (P = 0·013). In addition, the HFD group showed increases in nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0·022) and nocturnal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0·009). The HGD group exhibited decreases in nocturnal SBP (P = 0·028) and nocturnal DBP (P = 0·031), and the HFDE group showed a decrease in 24-h SBP (P = 0·018). The consumption of 1 g/kg of fructose per day may increase uric acid concentrations and blood pressure in adults. Additionally, aerobic exercises along with fructose consumption attenuate changes in uric acid concentrations and prevent impairment in nocturnal blood pressure.
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14
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Huo R, Zhang L, Liu F, Wang Y, Liang Y, Wei S. ECG segmentation algorithm based on bidirectional hidden semi-Markov model. Comput Biol Med 2022; 150:106081. [PMID: 36130422 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Accurate segmentation of electrocardiogram (ECG) waves is crucial for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this study, a bidirectional hidden semi-Markov model (BI-HSMM) based on the probability distributions of ECG waveform duration was proposed for ECG wave segmentation. Four feature-vectors of ECG signals were extracted as the observation sequence of the hidden Markov model (HMM), and the statistical probability distribution of each waveform duration was counted. Logistic regression (LR) was used to train model parameters. The starting and ending positions of the QRS wave were first detected, and thereafter, bidirectional prediction was employed for the other waves. Forwardly, ST segment, T wave, and TP segment were predicted. Backwardly, P wave and PQ segments were detected. The Viterbi algorithm was improved by integrating the recursive formula of the forward prediction and backward backtracking algorithms. In the QT database, the proposed method demonstrated excellent performance (Acc = 97.98%, F1 score of P wave = 98.37%, F1 score of QRS wave = 97.60%, F1 score of T wave = 97.79%). For the wearable dynamic electrocardiography (DCG) signals collected by the Shandong Provincial Hospital (SPH), the detection accuracy was 99.71% and the F1 of each waveform was above 99%. The experimental results and real DCG signal validation confirmed that the proposed new BI-HSMM method exhibits significant ability to segment the resting and DCG signals; this is conducive to the detection and monitoring of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huo
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liting Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- School of Science, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yesong Liang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shoushui Wei
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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15
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Wang R, Dong P, Dong G, Xiao X, Huang J, Yang L, Yu Y, Dong GH. Exploring the impacts of street-level greenspace on stroke and cardiovascular diseases in Chinese adults. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 243:113974. [PMID: 35988381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the primary cause of death in the world. Existing studies have found that greenspace is important for the prevention of CVDs and stroke. However, since they only focus on large green infrastructure (e.g., urban parks) or the general greenspace (usually being evaluated through normalized difference vegetation index), little information exists regarding the association between street-level greenspace and CVDs (stroke). In this study, the CVDs and stroke data of participants were retrieved from the 33 Chinese Community Health Study. We measured participants' exposure to street-level greenspace exposure using street view images and machine learning technique. Multilevel logistic regressions were applied. While controlling for confounders, we found that higher level of street-level greenspace exposure was associated with lower CVDs prevalence. However, street-level greenspace exposure was associated with stroke prevalence only for females. The associations were stronger among females, younger adults, participants with educational attainment above high school, physically active participants and participants who were not overweight. None of the mediators (air pollution, physical exercise, and BMI) can explain the associations between street-level greenspace exposure and CVDs (stroke) prevalence. Our findings suggest that street-level vegetation should be increased to cope with the rapid growth of the CVDs burdens. Also, the differences between the effect of street-level trees and grasses should be noted before formulating specific urban planning policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health/Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Pengxin Dong
- Nursing College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Guoping Dong
- School of Accounting, Guangzhou Huashang College, Guangzhou 511300, China.
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Linchuan Yang
- Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture and Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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16
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Zhou Z, Qin M, Khodahemmati S, Li W, Niu B, Li J, Liu Y, Gao J. Gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to fine particulate matter: RNA sequencing analysis. Int J Environ Health Res 2022; 32:2052-2064. [PMID: 34102927 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1935785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiovascular diseases. In order to investigate the molecular mechanisms of air pollution-induced CVDs toxicity, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to PM2.5 collected from January, 2016 winter in Beijing, China. We performed RNA sequencing to elucidate key molecular mechanism of PM 2.5-mediated toxicity in HUVECs. A total of 1753 genes, 864 up-regulated and 889 down-regulated, were observed to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among these, genes involved in metabolic response, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and vascular dysfunction were significantly differentially expressed (log2 FC > 4). The results were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot for CYP1B1, HMOX1, IL8, and GJA4. Pathway analysis revealed that DEGs were involved in the biological processes related to metabolism, inflammation, and host defense against environmental insults. This research is providing a further understanding of the mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Zhou
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mengnan Qin
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Sara Khodahemmati
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyu Niu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangshuai Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanghua Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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Chaudhary PK, Kim S, Kim S. An Insight into Recent Advances on Platelet Function in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116022. [PMID: 35682700 PMCID: PMC9181192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a variety of roles in vascular biology and are best recognized as primary hemostasis and thrombosis mediators. Platelets have a large number of receptors and secretory molecules that are required for platelet functionality. Upon activation, platelets release multiple substances that have the ability to influence both physiological and pathophysiological processes including inflammation, tissue regeneration and repair, cancer progression, and spreading. The involvement of platelets in the progression and seriousness of a variety of disorders other than thrombosis is still being discovered, especially in the areas of inflammation and the immunological response. This review represents an integrated summary of recent advances on the function of platelets in pathophysiology that connects hemostasis, inflammation, and immunological response in health and disease and suggests that antiplatelet treatment might be used for more than only thrombosis.
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) comprises disorders of blood vessels and heart. Multiple cells in the heart suggests that hetero-cellular communication, which is an important aspect in heart functioning and there is a need to elucidate the way in which this inter-cellular communication occurs. Now a days, exosomal research has gained much attention. Exosomes, nano-shuttles, are EVs with diameters ranging from 40 to 160 nm (average 100 nm), secreted by body cells. These vesicles act as cell-to-cell communicators and are carriers of important biomolecules such as RNAs, miRNAs, Proteins and lipids. Exosomes can change the gene expression of the recipient cells, thereby, changes the cellular characteristics. Exosomes have known to play an essential role in protection as well as progression of various cardiovascular diseases. In the present review, role of exosomes in various CVDs have been discussed.
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Mirmoeeni S, Azari Jafari A, Hashemi SZ, Angouraj Taghavi E, Azani A, Ghasrsaz H, Angouraj Taghavi A, Niksima SH, Rashidi S, Kazemi E, Sheibani H, Naghibi Irvani SS, Dalvand S. Cardiovascular manifestations in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 13:181-189. [PMID: 34630964 PMCID: PMC8493234 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global population, and one of the major causes of mortality in infected patients is cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we systematically searched Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases for all articles published by April 2, 2020. Observational studies (cohort and cross-sectional designs) were included in this meta-analysis if they reported at least one of the related cardiovascular symptoms or laboratory findings in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, we did not use any language, age, diagnostic COVID-19 criteria, and hospitalization criteria restrictions. The following keywords alone or in combination with OR and AND operators were used for searching the literature: "Wuhan coronavirus", "COVID-19", "coronavirus disease 2019", "SARS-CoV-2", "2019 novel coronavirus" "cardiovascular disease", "CVD", "hypertension", "systolic pressure", "dyspnea", "hemoptysis", and "arrhythmia". Study characteristics, exposure history, laboratory findings, clinical manifestations, and comorbidities were extracted from the retrieved articles. Sixteen studies were selected which involved 4754 patients, including 2103 female and 2639 male patients. Among clinical cardiac manifestations, chest pain and arrhythmia were found to have the highest incidence proportion. In addition, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and D-dimer levels were the most common cardiovascular laboratory findings. Finally, hypertension, chronic heart failure, and coronary heart disease were the most frequently reported comorbidities. The findings suggest that COVID-19 can cause various cardiovascular symptoms and laboratory findings. It is also worth noting that cardiovascular comorbidities like hypertension have a notable prevalence among COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amirhossein Azari Jafari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Elham Angouraj Taghavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Alireza Azani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Seyed Hassan Niksima
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedyasin Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Erfan Kazemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hossein Sheibani
- Clinical Research Developement Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani
- Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Dalvand
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Shrestha A, Maharjan R, Karmacharya BM, Bajracharya S, Jha N, Shrestha S, Aryal A, Baral PP, Bhatt RD, Bhattarai S, Bista D, Citrin D, Dhimal M, Fitzpatrick AL, Jha AK, Karmacharya RM, Mali S, Neupane T, Oli N, Pandit R, Parajuli SB, Pradhan PMS, Prajapati D, Pyakurel M, Pyakurel P, Rai BK, Sapkota BP, Sapkota S, Shrestha A, Shrestha AP, Shrestha R, Sharma GN, Sharma S, Spiegelman D, Suwal PS, Thapa B, Vaidya A, Xu D, Yan LL, Koju R. Health system gaps in cardiovascular disease prevention and management in Nepal. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:655. [PMID: 34225714 PMCID: PMC8258928 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths and disability in Nepal. Health systems can improve CVD health outcomes even in resource-limited settings by directing efforts to meet critical system gaps. This study aimed to identify Nepal’s health systems gaps to prevent and manage CVDs. Methods We formed a task force composed of the government and non-government representatives and assessed health system performance across six building blocks: governance, service delivery, human resources, medical products, information system, and financing in terms of equity, access, coverage, efficiency, quality, safety and sustainability. We reviewed 125 national health policies, plans, strategies, guidelines, reports and websites and conducted 52 key informant interviews. We grouped notes from desk review and transcripts’ codes into equity, access, coverage, efficiency, quality, safety and sustainability of the health system. Results National health insurance covers less than 10% of the population; and more than 50% of the health spending is out of pocket. The efficiency of CVDs prevention and management programs in Nepal is affected by the shortage of human resources, weak monitoring and supervision, and inadequate engagement of stakeholders. There are policies and strategies in place to ensure quality of care, however their implementation and supervision is weak. The total budget on health has been increasing over the past five years. However, the funding on CVDs is negligible. Conclusion Governments at the federal, provincial and local levels should prioritize CVDs care and partner with non-government organizations to improve preventive and curative CVDs services. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06681-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Shrestha
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal. .,Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA. .,Institute for Implementation Science and Health, Kathmandu, Nepal. .,Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
| | - Rashmi Maharjan
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.,Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Biraj Man Karmacharya
- Department of Public Health, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.,Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Swornim Bajracharya
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Niharika Jha
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Soniya Shrestha
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Anu Aryal
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.,Nyaya Health Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Phanindra Prasad Baral
- Department of Health Services, Non Communicable Diseases and Mental Health Section, Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajendra Dev Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanju Bhattarai
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Durga Bista
- Department of Pharmacy, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - David Citrin
- Possible, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Medic, Seattle, WA, USA.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Arnhold Institute for Global Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshah Path, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Departments of Family Medicine, Epidemiology, and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Robin Man Karmacharya
- Department of Surgery (Cardio Thoracic and Vascular unit), Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Sushmita Mali
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Tamanna Neupane
- Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshah Path, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Natalia Oli
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajan Pandit
- Department of Physiology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Attarkhel, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Surya Bahadur Parajuli
- Department of Community Medicine, Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal
| | - Pranil Man Singh Pradhan
- Department of Community Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dipanker Prajapati
- Department of Cardiology, Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Department of Cardiology, National Academy of Health Sciences, Bir Hospital, Mahaboudha, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Manita Pyakurel
- School of Public Health, Central University of Nicaragua, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Prajjwal Pyakurel
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Binuka Kulung Rai
- Department of Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Bhim Prasad Sapkota
- Health Coordination Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Teaching & Training Unit, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany.,Center for International Health (CIH), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Sujata Sapkota
- Department of Pharmacy, Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Abha Shrestha
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Anmol Purna Shrestha
- Department of General Practice and Emergency Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Rajeev Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.,Pharmacovigilance unit/ Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Guna Nidhi Sharma
- Policy, Planning and Monitoring Division, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sumitra Sharma
- Department of Nursing, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.,School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Center for Methods in Implementation and Preventive Science and Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA
| | - Punya Shori Suwal
- Department of Public Health, Nepal Institute of Health Sciences, Stupa Health Care Center Cooperative Limited, Jorpati, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bobby Thapa
- Department of Nursing, Nepalgunj Nursing Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Banke, Nepalgunj, Nepal
| | - Abhinav Vaidya
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dong Xu
- Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing L Yan
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.,Peking University School of Global Health and Development, Beijing, China
| | - Rajendra Koju
- Dean, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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21
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Chen W, Sun Q, Chen X, Xie G, Wu H, Xu C. Deep Learning Methods for Heart Sounds Classification: A Systematic Review. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:e23060667. [PMID: 34073201 PMCID: PMC8229456 DOI: 10.3390/e23060667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The automated classification of heart sounds plays a significant role in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). With the recent introduction of medical big data and artificial intelligence technology, there has been an increased focus on the development of deep learning approaches for heart sound classification. However, despite significant achievements in this field, there are still limitations due to insufficient data, inefficient training, and the unavailability of effective models. With the aim of improving the accuracy of heart sounds classification, an in-depth systematic review and an analysis of existing deep learning methods were performed in the present study, with an emphasis on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) methods developed over the last five years. This paper also discusses the challenges and expected future trends in the application of deep learning to heart sounds classification with the objective of providing an essential reference for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (W.C.); (G.X.); (H.W.)
- School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
| | - Qiang Sun
- School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (C.X.)
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
| | - Gangcai Xie
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (W.C.); (G.X.); (H.W.)
| | - Huiqun Wu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; (W.C.); (G.X.); (H.W.)
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.S.); (C.X.)
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22
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Liu T, Cai B, Peng W, Xiao L, Shi H, Wu X, Gao H, Jia X. Association of neighborhood greenness exposure with cardiovascular diseases and biomarkers. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 234:113738. [PMID: 33752171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Living in areas with neighborhood greenness may be associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, little evidence in this regard has emerged from developing countries. In the present study, we examined neighborhood greenness associated with CVDs and the lipid accumulation product (LAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in China. METHODS We undertook our analysis using a community cross-sectional survey conducted in Longzihu District of Bengbu from July to August 2015. We measured triglyceride levels, waist circumference, and blood pressure. To assess exposure to neighborhood greenness, we used the average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at 1,000-, 1,500-, and 2,000-m buffers in the participant community. We employed generalized mixed models to determine the association among neighborhood greenness, CVDs, LAP, and PP. We conducted stratified analysis by age, gender, income, and education. We assessed the potential mediating effects of road proximity and physical activity on greenness and CVDs, PP, and LAP. RESULTS The highest tertiles of NDVI1500-m were steadily and significantly associated with lower odds of CVDs prevalence: the adjusted OR of such prevalence was 0.612 (95% CI, 0.462-0.811); higher NDVI was significantly associated with lower PP levels. The NDVI was strongly associated with CVDs prevalence among participants who were male and had high income. Ambient road proximity significantly mediated 9.7% of the estimated association between greenness and PP, there was no evidence of mediation effects for physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Higher neighborhood greenness could have a beneficial effect on CVDs and biomarkers. There were higher associations between residential greenness and CVDs among male and higher-income individuals; road proximity partially mediated the observed association between greenness and PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Ben Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjia Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Liping Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hengyuan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xuesen Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Huaiquan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
| | - Xianjie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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23
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Pala R, Pattnaik S, Busi S, Nauli SM. Nanomaterials as Novel Cardiovascular Theranostics. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030348. [PMID: 33799932 PMCID: PMC7998597 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of conditions associated with heart and blood vessels and are considered the leading cause of death globally. Coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction represents the CVDs. Since CVDs are associated with a series of pathophysiological conditions with an alarming mortality and morbidity rate, early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approaches are critical for saving patients’ lives. Conventionally, diagnostic tools are employed to detect disease conditions, whereas therapeutic drug candidates are administered to mitigate diseases. However, the advent of nanotechnological platforms has revolutionized the current understanding of pathophysiology and therapeutic measures. The concept of combinatorial therapy using both diagnosis and therapeutics through a single platform is known as theranostics. Nano-based theranostics are widely used in cancer detection and treatment, as evident from pre-clinical and clinical studies. Nanotheranostics have gained considerable attention for the efficient management of CVDs. The differential physicochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles have been exploited for early diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and aneurysms. Herein, we provided the information on the evolution of nano-based theranostics to detect and treat CVDs such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and angiogenesis. The review also aims to provide novel avenues on how nanotherapeutics’ trending concept could transform our conventional diagnostic and therapeutic tools in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekharreddy Pala
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (S.M.N.); Tel.: +1-714-516-5462 (R.P.); +1-714-516-5480 (S.M.N.); Fax: +1-714-516-5481 (R.P. & S.M.N.)
| | - Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; (S.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India; (S.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Surya M. Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (S.M.N.); Tel.: +1-714-516-5462 (R.P.); +1-714-516-5480 (S.M.N.); Fax: +1-714-516-5481 (R.P. & S.M.N.)
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24
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Chemello K, García-Nafría J, Gallo A, Martín C, Lambert G, Blom D. Lipoprotein metabolism in familial hypercholesterolemia. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100062. [PMID: 33675717 PMCID: PMC8050012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common genetic disorders in humans. It is an extremely atherogenic metabolic disorder characterized by lifelong elevations of circulating LDL-C levels often leading to premature cardiovascular events. In this review, we discuss the clinical phenotypes of heterozygous and homozygous FH, the genetic variants in four genes (LDLR/APOB/PCSK9/LDLRAP1) underpinning the FH phenotype as well as the most recent in vitro experimental approaches used to investigate molecular defects affecting the LDL receptor pathway. In addition, we review perturbations in the metabolism of lipoproteins other than LDL in FH, with a major focus on lipoprotein (a). Finally, we discuss the mode of action and efficacy of many of the currently approved hypocholesterolemic agents used to treat patients with FH, with a special emphasis on the treatment of phenotypically more severe forms of FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Chemello
- Inserm UMR 1188 DéTROI, Université de La Réunion, Saint- Denis de La Réunion, France
| | - Javier García-Nafría
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of complex systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, INSERM 1146, CNRS 7371, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Cesar Martín
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Inserm UMR 1188 DéTROI, Université de La Réunion, Saint- Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Dirk Blom
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Division of Lipidology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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25
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Chiu HF, Venkatakrishnan K, Golovinskaia O, Wang CK. Impact of Micronutrients on Hypertension: Evidence from Clinical Trials with a Special Focus on Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:588. [PMID: 33578935 PMCID: PMC7916651 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension (HT) is one of the pivotal risk factors for various detrimental diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cerebrovascular disease, and renal dysfunction. Currently, many researchers are paying immense attention to various diet formula (dietary approach) with a special focus on micro and macronutrients along with modified lifestyle and standard anti-hypertensive drugs. Micronutrients (minerals/vitamins) play a central role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) as they aid the function of macronutrients and also improve the anti-hypertensive functions of some anti-hypertensive agents. Even though several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of micronutrients on controlling BP, still some ambiguity exists among the nutritionists/doctors, which combination or individual mineral (dietary approach) contributes to better BP regulation. Therefore, this critical review article was attempted to delineate the underlying role of micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) for the management and prevention or delaying of HT and their related complications with strong affirmation from clinical trials as well as its mechanism of controlling BP. Moreover, the major source and recommended daily allowance (RDA) of various micronutrients are included in this review for guiding common readers (especially HT subjects) and dieticians to choose/recommend a better micronutrient and their combinations (other nutrients and standard anti-hypertensive drugs) for lowering the risk of HT and its related co-morbid conditions like CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40301, Taiwan;
| | - Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
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26
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Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) and was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020 which is leading to significant morbidity and mortality. In compliance with WHO recommendation of movement restrictions, many countries have imposed compulsory self-quarantine and restricted movements of their citizenries (lockdown/sit at home) and closure of businesses and borders as preventive measures to the fast-spreading virus. Consequently, this decision has made the emergence of behaviors that are detrimental to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which are the leading cause of the global mortality rate. Main body The increase in sedentary lifestyles, alcohol consumption, and substance abuse during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown as a result of personal restrictions in COVID-19 lockdown is linked with the risk of death from chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Conclusion The lockdown has increased risk factors of CVDs, and as such, there might be an increase in the number of non-communicable disease (NCD)-related mortality rate. The effect does not end during the period of coronavirus pandemic but even after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daha Garba Muhammad
- Department of Physiotherapy, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria.
| | - Ibrahim Ahmad Abubakar
- Department of Physiotherapy, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria
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27
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Carrizzo A, Izzo C, Forte M, Sommella E, Di Pietro P, Venturini E, Ciccarelli M, Galasso G, Rubattu S, Campiglia P, Sciarretta S, Frati G, Vecchione C. A Novel Promising Frontier for Human Health: The Beneficial Effects of Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228706. [PMID: 33218062 PMCID: PMC7698807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetes are a significant public health problem worldwide. Although several novel pharmacological treatments to reduce the progression of CVDs have been discovered during the last 20 years, the better way to contain the onset of CVDs remains prevention. In this regard, nutraceuticals seem to own a great potential in maintaining human health, exerting important protective cardiovascular effects. In the last years, there has been increased focus on identifying natural compounds with cardiovascular health-promoting effects and also to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved. Although many review articles have focused on the individual natural compound impact on cardiovascular diseases, the aim of this manuscript was to examine the role of the most studied nutraceuticals, such as resveratrol, cocoa, quercetin, curcumin, brassica, berberine and Spirulina platensis, on different CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Maurizio Forte
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Eleonora Venturini
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Ospedale S.Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Petro Campiglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 74, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 74, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy; (A.C.); (M.F.); (E.V.); (S.R.); (S.S.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.I.); (P.D.P.); (M.C.); (G.G.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Taheri R, Molavynejad S, Abedi P, Rajaei E, Haghighizadeh MH. Effect of Dietary Education on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2020; 17:131-139. [PMID: 32895043 DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666200907112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary education on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS In this randomized clinical trial, 112 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were randomly assigned into two groups, intervention and control. Dietary education was provided for the intervention group in 4 sessions; anthropometric measurements, serum levels of RF, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and fasting blood sugar were measured before and three months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS The mean of total cholesterol (p <0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.004), LDL (p <0.001), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.003), FBS and BMI (p <0.001) were decreased significantly in the intervention group after education compared the control group. CONCLUSION Traditional care for rheumatoid arthritis patients is not enough. Patients need more education in order to improve their situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Taheri
- Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahram Molavynejad
- Nursing Care Research Center in Chronic Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parvin Abedi
- Associate Professor, Ph.D. in Nutrition, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Rajaei
- Department of Rheumatology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Khalyfa A, Castro-Grattoni AL, Gozal D. Cardiovascular morbidities of obstructive sleep apnea and the role of circulating extracellular vesicles. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2020; 13:1753466619895229. [PMID: 31852426 PMCID: PMC6923690 DOI: 10.1177/1753466619895229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse
during sleep resulting in impaired blood gas exchange, namely intermittent
hypoxia (IH) and hypercapnia, fragmented sleep (SF), increased oxidative stress
and systemic inflammation. Among a myriad of potential associated morbidities,
OSA has been particularly implicated as mechanistically contributing to the
prevalence and severity of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the benefits
of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which is generally employed in
OSA treatment, to either prevent or improve CVD outcomes remain unconvincing,
suggesting that the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the incremental CVD
risk associated with OSA are not clearly understood. One of the challenges in
development of non-invasive diagnostic assays is the ability to identify
clinically and mechanistically relevant biomarkers. Circulating extracellular
vesicles (EVs) and their cargos reflect underlying changes in cellular
homeostasis and can provide insights into how cells and systems cope with
physiological perturbations by virtue of the identity and abundance of miRNAs,
mRNAs, proteins, and lipids that are packaged in the EVs under normal as well as
diseased states, such as OSA. EVs can not only provide unique insights into
coordinated cellular responses at the organ or systemic level, but can also
serve as reporters of the effects of OSA in CVD, either by their properties
enabling regeneration and repair of injured vascular cells or by damaging them.
Here, we highlight recent progress in the pathological CVD consequences of OSA,
and explore the putative roles of EVs in OSA-associated CVD, along with emerging
diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material
section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Anabel L Castro-Grattoni
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and MU Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, 400 N. Keene Street, Suite 010, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key event in the pathogenesis of CVD. The functional and phenotypic changes in vascular cells are mediated by complex signaling cascades that initiate and control genetic reprogramming. Many studies have demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates a diverse array of functions relevant to atherosclerosis. METHODS In this review, we summarize the studies on the STAT3-mediated proliferation of VSMCs and subsequent CVDs such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. Furthermore, we describe the general background of STAT3, its structure, function and regulation as well as the STAT3 signaling pathway. Finally, we highlight some potential issues and propose some solutions to these issues.Results and conclusions: STAT3 activation promotes the proliferation of VSMCs by regulating the transcription of genes. Studying the mechanism of VSMC proliferation induced by the STAT3 pathway is valuable for finding therapeutic targets for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Tang
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Xu-Ping Qin
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Li
- The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hunan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is the disease caused by an infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease. World Health Organization (WHO) declared the official name as COVID-19 in February 2020 and in 11th March 2020 declared COVID-19 as Global Pandemic. In June 6th 2020, over 7 million cases registered in the world, recovered 3.4 million and death over 402.000. AIM The aim of this study is to retreive published papers about COVID-19 infection deposited in PubMed data base and analyzed current results of investigations regarding morbidity and mortality rates as consequences of COVID-19 infection and opinions of experts about treatment of afected patients with COVID-19 who have Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). METHODS It's used method of descriptive analysis of the published papers with described studies about Corona virus connected with CVDs. RESULTS After searching current scientific literature (on PubMed till today is deposited more than 1.000 papers about COVID-19 with consequences in almost every medical disciplines), we have acknowledged that till today not any Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) study in the world. Also, there are no unique proposed ways of treatments and drugs to protect patients, especially people over 65 years old, who are very risk group to be affected with COVID-19, including patients with CVDs. Vaccine against COVID-19 is already produced and being in phases of testing in praxis in treatment of COVID-19 at affected patients, but the opinions of experts and common people whole over the world about vaccination are full of controversis. CONCLUSION Frequent hand washing, avoiding crowds and contact with sick people, and cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched surfaces can help prevent coronavirus infections are the main proposal of WHO experts in current Guidelines, artefacts stored on a web site. Those preventive measures at least can help to everybody, including also the patients who have evidenced CVDs in their histories of illness. Authors analyzed most important dilemmas about all aspects of CVDs, including etipathogenesis, treatment with current drugs and use of potential discovered vaccines against COVID-19 infection, described in scientific papers deposited in PubMed data base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vjekoslav Gerc
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Izet Masic
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nizama Salihefendic
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Muharem Zildzic
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Masic I, Naser N, Zildzic M. Public Health Aspects of COVID-19 Infection with Focus on Cardiovascular Diseases. Mater Sociomed 2020; 32:71-76. [PMID: 32410896 PMCID: PMC7219724 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2020.32.71-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is the disease caused by an infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, first identified in the city of Wuhan, in China's Hubei province in December 2019. COVID-19 was previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease before the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the official name as COVID-19 in February 2020. AIM The aim of this study is to search scientific literature in the biomedicine and analyzed current results of investigations regarding morbidity and mortality rates as consequences of COVID-19 infection of Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and other most common chronic diseases which are on the top mortality and morbidity rates in almost all countries in the world. Also, to propose most useful measures how to prevent patients to keep themselves against COVID-19 infection. METHODS We used method of descriptive analysis of the published papers with described studies about Corona virus connected with CVD, and, also, Guidelines proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and some other international associations which are included in global fighting against COVID-19 infection. RESULTS After searching current scientific literature we have acknowledged that not any Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) study in the world during last 5 months from the time when first cases of COVID-10 infection was detected. Also, there is no unique proposed ways of treatments and drugs to protect patients, especially people over 65 years old, who are very risk group to be affected with COVID-19. Expectations that vaccine against COVID-19 will be produced optimal during at least 10 months to 2 years, and in all current Guidelines most important proposed preventive measures are the same like which one described in Strategic documents of WHO, in statements of Declaration of Primary Health Care in Alma Ata in 1978. CONCLUSION WHO proposed preventive measures can be helpful to everybody. Physicians who work at every level of Health Care Systems, but especially at primary health care level, must follow those recommendations and teach their patients about it. But, the fact is that current focus of COVID-19 epidemic has targeted on protection of physical health of population in global, however, the influence on mental health which will be one of the important consequences of COVID-19 pandemic in the future, and which could be declared as «Post-coronavirus Stress Syndrome" (PCSS) could be bigger challenge for Global Public Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izet Masic
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nabil Naser
- Polyclinic „Dr. Nabil“, Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Muharem Zildzic
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Bashier A, Bin Hussain A, Abdelgadir E, Alawadi F, Sabbour H, Chilton R. Consensus recommendations for management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:80. [PMID: 31572499 PMCID: PMC6761728 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes guideline mentioned glycaemia management in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, it did not cover the treatment approaches for patients with T2DM having a high risk of CVD, and treatment and screening approaches for CVDs in patients with concomitant T2DM. This consensus guideline undertakes the data obtained from all the cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) to propose approaches for the T2DM management in presence of CV comorbidities. For patients at high risk of CVD, metformin is the drug of choice to manage the T2DM to achieve a patient specific HbA1c target. In case of established CVD, a combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist with proven CV benefits is recommended along with metformin, while for chronic kidney disease or heart failure, a sodium-glucose transporter proteins-2 inhibitor with proven benefit is advised. This document also summarises various screening and investigational approaches for the major CV events with their accuracy and specificity along with the treatment guidance to assist the healthcare professionals in selecting the best management strategies for every individual. Since lifestyle modification and management plays an important role in maintaining the effectiveness of the pharmacological therapies, authors of this consensus recommendation have also briefed on the patient-centric non-pharmacological management of T2DM and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaeldin Bashier
- Department of Endocrinology, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Hospital, P.O. Box 94132, Dubai, UAE
| | - Azza Bin Hussain
- Department of Endocrinology, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Hospital, P.O. Box 94132, Dubai, UAE
| | - Elamin Abdelgadir
- Department of Endocrinology, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Hospital, P.O. Box 94132, Dubai, UAE
| | - Fatheya Alawadi
- Department of Endocrinology, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai Hospital, P.O. Box 94132, Dubai, UAE
| | - Hani Sabbour
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Heart and Vascular Institute, Al Maryah Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Robert Chilton
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Audie L Murphy VA Hospital, San Antonio, TX USA
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Poz D, De Falco E, Pisano C, Madonna R, Ferdinandy P, Balistreri CR. Diagnostic and Prognostic Relevance of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width for Vascular Aging and Cardiovascular Diseases. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 22:146-162. [PMID: 30132390 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests association of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). On the contrary, we underline that the sole RDW values cannot represent a valid CVD biomarker. High RDW values are expression of biological effects of a lot of both endogenous and exogenous factors (i.e., age, sex, genetic background, inflammation, hormones, drugs, diet, exercise, hematological analyzers, and ranges of values), modulating the biology and physiology of erythrocytes. Thus, the singular monitoring of RDW cannot be used to predict cardiovascular disorders. Accordingly, we have reviewed the evidence for potential relationship of RDW values with alterations in the cardiovascular system (i.e., regenerative capacity, endothelial turnover, and senescence of cardiovascular cells), associated with vascular aging and disease. In addition, we highlight the inevitable impact of biases in clinical application of RDW related to CVDs. Based on our thorough review of literature, we suggest a combined evaluation of RDW with other emerging biomarkers related to vascular aging and the diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs, including telomere length of leukocytes, circulating nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in future large scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Poz
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata (ASUI) di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- 2 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Calogera Pisano
- 3 Cardiac Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Cardiochirurgia Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- 4 Heart Failure Research, Texas Heart Institute, St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas.,5 Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,6 Department of Neurosciences, Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine, CESI-Met and Institute of Cardiology, Imaging and Clinical Sciences "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- 7 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,8 Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- 9 Department of Pathobiology and Medical and Forensic Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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He L, Kernogitski Y, Kulminskaya I, Loika Y, Arbeev KG, Loiko E, Bagley O, Duan M, Yashkin A, Ukraintseva SV, Kovtun M, Yashin AI, Kulminski AM. Corrigendum: Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal Studies Discover Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Age-Related Diseases. Front Genet 2018; 8:226. [PMID: 29375618 PMCID: PMC5771150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yelena Kernogitski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Irina Kulminskaya
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yury Loika
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Konstantin G Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Elena Loiko
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Olivia Bagley
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Matt Duan
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Arseniy Yashkin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Svetlana V Ukraintseva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mikhail Kovtun
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anatoliy I Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexander M Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Shao M, Yang W, Han G. Protective effects on myocardial infarction model: delivery of schisandrin B using matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive peptide-modified, PEGylated lipid nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7121-7130. [PMID: 29026305 PMCID: PMC5627750 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s141549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Schisandrin B (Sch B) is clinically applied for the treatment of hepatitis and ischemic disease. However, its clinical efficacy is limited due to the poor solubility and low bioavailability. This study aimed to develop matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-sensitive peptide-modified, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified (PEGylated) solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for loading Sch B (MMP-Sch B SLNs), and to evaluate the therapeutic effect in the myocardial infarction model. Methods PEG lipid and MMP-targeting peptide conjugate were synthesized. MMP-Sch B SLNs were prepared by solvent displacement technique. The physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetics of SLNs were investigated. In vivo effects on infarct size was evaluated in rats. Results The successful synthesis of lipid-peptide conjugate was confirmed. MMP-Sch B SLNs had a particle size of 130 nm, a zeta potential of 18.3 mV, and a sustained-release behavior. Higher heart drug concentration and longer blood circulation times were achieved by Sch B loaded SLNs than the drug solution according to the pharmacokinetic and biodistribution results. The best therapeutic efficacy was exhibited by MMP-Sch B SLNs by reducing the infarction size to the greatest extent. Conclusion The modified SLNs may be a good choice for delivery of Sch B for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi Hot Spring Hospital of Shandong Coal Mine, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangying Han
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Appiah LT, Sarfo FS, Agyemang C, Tweneboah HO, Appiah NABA, Bedu-Addo G, Opare-Sem O. Current trends in admissions and outcomes of cardiac diseases in Ghana. Clin Cardiol 2017; 40:783-788. [PMID: 28692760 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a major burden in Africa, but data on temporal trends in disease burden are lacking. We assessed trends in CVD admissions and outcomes in central Ghana using a retrospective analysis of data from January 2004 to December 2015 among patients admitted to the medical wards of a tertiary medical center in Kumasi, Ghana. Rates of admissions and mortality were expressed as CVD admissions and deaths divided by the total number of medical admissions and deaths, respectively. Case fatality rates per specific cardiac disease diagnosis were also computed. Over the period, there were 4226 CVD admissions, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.1 to 1. There was a progressive increase in percentage of CVD admissions from 4.6% to 8.2%, representing an 78% increase, between 2004 and 2014. Of the 2170 CVD cases whose data were available, the top 3 causes of CVD admissions were heart failure (HF; 88.3%), ischemic heart disease (IHD; 7.2%), and dysrhythmias (1.9%). Of all HF admissions, 52% were associated with hypertension. IHD prevalence rose by 250% between 2005 and 2015. There were 976 deaths (23%), with an increase in percentage of hospital deaths that were cardiovascular in nature from 3.6% to 7.3% between 2004 and 2014, representing a 102% increase. Cardiac disease admissions and mortality have increased progressively over the past decade, with HF as the most common cause of admission. Once rare, IHD is emerging as a significant contributor to the CVD burden in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambert T Appiah
- Department of Cardiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fred S Sarfo
- Department of Cardiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Charles Agyemang
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - George Bedu-Addo
- Department of Cardiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ohene Opare-Sem
- Department of Cardiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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He L, Kernogitski Y, Kulminskaya I, Loika Y, Arbeev KG, Loiko E, Bagley O, Duan M, Yashkin A, Ukraintseva SV, Kovtun M, Yashin AI, Kulminski AM. Pleiotropic Meta-Analyses of Longitudinal Studies Discover Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Age-Related Diseases. Front Genet 2016; 7:179. [PMID: 27790247 PMCID: PMC5061751 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related diseases may result from shared biological mechanisms in intrinsic processes of aging. Genetic effects on age-related diseases are often modulated by environmental factors due to their little contribution to fitness or are mediated through certain endophenotypes. Identification of genetic variants with pleiotropic effects on both common complex diseases and endophenotypes may reveal potential conflicting evolutionary pressures and deliver new insights into shared genetic contribution to healthspan and lifespan. Here, we performed pleiotropic meta-analyses of genetic variants using five NIH-funded datasets by integrating univariate summary statistics for age-related diseases and endophenotypes. We investigated three groups of traits: (1) endophenotypes such as blood glucose, blood pressure, lipids, hematocrit, and body mass index, (2) time-to-event outcomes such as the age-at-onset of diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and (3) both combined. In addition to replicating previous findings, we identify seven novel genome-wide significant loci (< 5e-08), out of which five are low-frequency variants. Specifically, from Group 2, we find rs7632505 on 3q21.1 in SEMA5B, rs460976 on 21q22.3 (1 kb from TMPRSS2) and rs12420422 on 11q24.1 predominantly associated with a variety of CVDs, rs4905014 in ITPK1 associated with stroke and heart failure, rs7081476 on 10p12.1 in ANKRD26 associated with multiple diseases including DM, CVDs, and NDs. From Group 3, we find rs8082812 on 18p11.22 and rs1869717 on 4q31.3 associated with both endophenotypes and CVDs. Our follow-up analyses show that rs7632505, rs4905014, and rs8082812 have age-dependent effects on coronary heart disease or stroke. Functional annotation suggests that most of these SNPs are within regulatory regions or DNase clusters and in linkage disequilibrium with expression quantitative trait loci, implying their potential regulatory influence on the expression of nearby genes. Our mediation analyses suggest that the effects of some SNPs are mediated by specific endophenotypes. In conclusion, these findings indicate that loci with pleiotropic effects on age-related disorders tend to be enriched in genes involved in underlying mechanisms potentially related to nervous, cardiovascular and immune system functions, stress resistance, inflammation, ion channels and hematopoiesis, supporting the hypothesis of shared pathological role of infection, and inflammation in chronic age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexander M. Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
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39
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Abstract
Growing evidence shows that intrinsic circadian clocks are tightly related to cardiovascular functions. The diurnal changes in blood pressure and heart rate are well known circadian rhythms. Endothelial function, platelet aggregation and thrombus formation exhibit circadian changes as well. The onset of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death, also exhibits temporal trends. Furthermore, there is strong evidence from animal models and epidemiological studies showing that disruption of circadian rhythms is a significant risk factor for many CVDs, and the intervention of CVDs may have a time dependent effect. In this mini review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the relationship between circadian rhythm and cardiovascular physiology and diseases including blood pressure regulation and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chen
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guangrui Yang
- The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Chang JP, Chang SS, Yang HT, Palani M, Chen CP, Su KP. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) levels in patients with cardiovascular diseases ( CVDs) with and without depression. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 44:28-31. [PMID: 25452150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are commonly comorbid with depression and vice versa. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been suggested to mediate in CVDs and depression in cross-sectional and observational studies. With the patients of CVDs, we investigated the role of depression on the effect of PUFAs. METHODS Forty-four patients with CVDs were recruited and assessed with Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD). Patients' CVDs markers were measured by electrocardiogram and their red blood cell (RBC) samples were collected for PUFAs analyses. RESULTS The data of 44 subjects were analyzed; where 10 participants (23%) with CVDs had moderate or severe depression, defined by a HAMD score more than 19 points. The moderate depression group had lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 (N3) and omega-6(N6) to N3 (N6/N3) ratio than non-depression group (HAMD score less than 8), while no differences between the 2 groups in terms of corrected QT (QTc) intervals and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels. Furthermore, when we analyzed the data with an inclusion of a more heterogeneous depression group, where HAMD score is greater than or equal to 10 (mild depression group, N=24), the differences in PUFAs levels between the 2 groups disappear. Secondary analysis of the moderate depression group showed a positive correlation between DHA, N3 PUFAs, and N6/N3 ratio and total HAMD scores, a positive correlation between N3 PUFAs and QTc intervals in non-depression group. CONCLUSION Moderate depression group of patients with CVDs had lower levels of DHA, N3, and N6/N3 ratio than non-depression group, while both groups had no differences in QTc and hsCRP. On the other hand, the differences in PUFAs levels disappear in the mild depression group after inclusion of patients with CVDs with greater heterogeneity of depression. Hence, the role of N3 PUFAs is implicated in depression of patients with CVDs if the depression status is more strictly defined.
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Rosini N, Machado MJ, Webster IZ, Moura SAZO, Cavalcante LDS, da Silva EL. Simultaneous prediction of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in school children in Santa Catarina State, Brazil based on waist circumference measurement. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1837-41. [PMID: 24012695 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Waist circumference (WC) is highly associated with metabolic risk factor clusters (RFC) for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In this study, we evaluated the use of WC measurements to detect hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents using the WC cutoff points reported in the Bogalusa Heart study and the New Zealand study. DESIGN AND METHODS Students (n=1011; aged 6 to 14years) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Anthropometric indices, fasting glucose, and lipid profiles were measured. The associations between WC measures and serum parameters were investigated by logistic regression models, and the clinical accuracy of the studied parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of increased WC was 30.2% using the New Zealand cutoff points and 13.7% using the Bogalusa cutoff values. In general, children with increased WC exhibited higher concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of the WC measurements were 0.770 (95% CI: 0.744-0.797) and 0.600 (95% CI: 0.569-0.631) using, respectively, the New Zealand and Bogalusa cutoff points for WC, indicating the prediction of simultaneous hyperglycemia, increased levels of non-HDL-cholesterol, and reduced HDL-cholesterol for students with increased WC. There was a significant difference between AUC values (P=0.001). Furthermore, the sensitivity of using WC for detecting RFC in students was 2.0 to 2.5-fold higher with the New Zealand study cutoff values for WC than with those from the Bogalusa study. Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased WC was associated with simultaneous hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia after controlling for differences in sex and age (P<0.01 for all). CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents exhibited a high prevalence of increased WC associated with other RFCs for NCDs. Increased WC may be used to screen and identify students with elevated clusters of metabolic risk factors for NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Rosini
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil; Health Division of the Santa Catarina Government, Brazil
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Yin YW, Li JC, Zhang M, Wang JZ, Li BH, Liu Y, Liao SQ, Zhang MJ, Gao CY, Zhang LL. Influence of interleukin-6 gene -174G>C polymorphism on development of atherosclerosis: a meta-analysis of 50 studies involving 33,514 subjects. Gene 2013; 529:94-103. [PMID: 23954871 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Increasing epidemiological studies have focused on the associations between interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene -174G>C polymorphism and atherosclerotic diseases, but the results are still controversial. This meta-analysis was designed to identify whether this association exists. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane database, Clinicaltrials.gov and Current Controlled Trials, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, CBMdisc, CNKI and Google Scholar were searched to get the genetic association studies. The crude odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association between the IL-6 gene -174G>C polymorphism and atherosclerosis ( AS ) risk. The subgroup analyses were made on the following: ethnicity, atherosclerotic diseases and source of controls. Finally, 50 studies (15,029 cases and 18,485 controls) were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, no significant association was found between the IL-6 gene -174G>C polymorphism and AS risk (for C allele vs. G allele: OR=1.02, 95% CI=0.94-1.11, p=0.64; for C/C vs. G/G: OR=1.01, 95% CI=0.85-1.21, p=0.88; for C/C vs. C/G+G/G: OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.84-1.12, p=0.68; for C/C+C/G vs. G/G: OR=1.07, 95% CI=0.97-1.17, p=0.18). In the subgroup analyses, significant associations were found between the IL-6 gene -174G>C polymorphism and AS in non-Caucasian group (for CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.22, 95% CI=1.06-1.41, p=0.005), other atherosclerotic diseases group (for C allele vs. G allele: OR =0.75, 95% CI=0.61-0.93, p=0.008; for C/C vs. G/G: OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.38-0.81, p=0.002; for C/C vs. C/G+G/G: OR=0.60, 95% CI=0.45-0.79, p=0.0004) and population-based group (for C allele vs. G allele: OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.00-1.18, p=0.04; for CC+CG vs. GG: OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.04-1.27, p=0.005). In summary, the present meta-analysis suggests that the IL-6 gene -174G C polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to AS. However, due to the high heterogeneity in the meta-analysis, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Yin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, PR China
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Aung MN, Lorga T, Srikrajang J, Promtingkran N, Kreuangchai S, Tonpanya W, Vivarakanon P, Jaiin P, Praipaksin N, Payaprom A. Assessing awareness and knowledge of hypertension in an at-risk population in the Karen ethnic rural community, Thasongyang, Thailand. Int J Gen Med 2012; 5:553-61. [PMID: 22807644 PMCID: PMC3396115 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s29406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is currently a global health concern. Rural and minority populations are increasingly exposed to risk factors as a result of urbanization, leading to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We conducted a survey in the rural Karen community in Thasongyang District, Tak Province, Thailand, with the aims of determining: the distribution of blood pressure across different age groups; the prevalence of hypertension and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including diabetes, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and excess alcohol use; knowledge and awareness of hypertension as a disease; and knowledge and awareness of risk factors for hypertension among the population at risk. Methods This was a community-based, cross-sectional survey of 298 rural Karen residents. A set of questionnaires assessing lifestyle-related health risk behaviors and awareness and knowledge of hypertension were used. Blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Results Median systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 110 (range 100–120) mmHg and 70 (range 60–80) mmHg, respectively. High blood pressure was observed in more than 27% of the population, with 15% being hypertensive and 12% being prehypertensive. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that people in the Karen community who were aware of hypertension were less likely to be current smokers (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, confidence interval [CI] 0.29–0.97) and those with primary school education were more likely to be aware of hypertension than those who did not have a primary school education (OR 6.5, CI 1.9–22.24). Overall, our survey showed that less than half of the Karen community had such knowledge and awareness. Conclusion It is urgently necessary to promote knowledge, awareness, and health literacy among the ethnic Karen tribes to prevent hypertension and associated CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myo Nyein Aung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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