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Ma Y, Liu Z, Deng L, Du J, Fan Z, Ma T, Xiong J, Xiuyun X, Gu N, Di Z, Zhang Y. FGF21 attenuates neuroinflammation following subarachnoid hemorrhage through promoting mitophagy and inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:436. [PMID: 38720350 PMCID: PMC11077765 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a form of cerebrovascular event characterized by a notable mortality and morbidity rate. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a versatile hormone predominantly synthesized by the hepatic tissue, has emerged as a promising neuroprotective agent. Nevertheless, the precise impacts and underlying mechanisms of FGF21 in the context of SAH remain enigmatic. METHODS To elucidate the role of FGF21 in inhibiting the microglial cGAS-STING pathway and providing protection against SAH-induced cerebral injury, a series of cellular and molecular techniques, including western blot analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, and behavioral assays, were employed. RESULTS Administration of recombinant fibroblast growth factor 21 (rFGF21) effectively mitigated neural apoptosis, improved cerebral edema, and attenuated neurological impairments post-SAH. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SAH triggered the upregulation of numerous genes linked to innate immunity, particularly those involved in the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and microglial function, which were notably suppressed upon adjunctive rFGF21 treatment. Mechanistically, rFGF21 intervention facilitated mitophagy in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent manner, thereby preventing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release into the cytoplasm and dampening the activation of the DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway. Conditional knockout of STING in microglia markedly ameliorated the inflammatory response and mitigated secondary brain injuries post-SAH. CONCLUSION Our results present the initial evidence that FGF21 confers a protective effect against neuroinflammation-associated brain damage subsequent to SAH. Mechanistically, we have elucidated a novel pathway by which FGF21 exerts this neuroprotection through inhibition of the cGAS-STING signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lele Deng
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zenghui Fan
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Scientific Research Section, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Xiuyun
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Naibing Gu
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengli Di
- Department of Neurology, The affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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Peng Z, Ding YN, Yang ZM, Li XJ, Zhuang Z, Lu Y, Tang QS, Hang CH, Li W. Neuron-targeted liposomal coenzyme Q10 attenuates neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage by activating the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/coenzyme Q10 system. Acta Biomater 2024; 179:325-339. [PMID: 38561074 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. SAH disrupts the blood‒brain barrier, leading to the release of iron ions from blood within the subarachnoid space, subsequently inducing neuronal ferroptosis. A recently discovered protein, known as ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 by introducing the neuron-targeting peptide Tet1 onto the surface of liposomal CoQ10. Our objective was to determine whether this formulation could activate the FSP1 system and subsequently inhibit neuronal ferroptosis. Our findings revealed that neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH. Furthermore, it facilitated the upregulation of FSP1, reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, inhibited neuronal ferroptosis, and exerted neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our study provides evidence that supplementation with CoQ10 can effectively activate the FSP1 system. Additionally, we developed a neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10 formulation that can be selectively delivered to neurons at the site of SAH. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis. In our investigation, we observed an increase in FSP1 levels following SAH. However, the depletion of CoQ10 caused by SAH hindered the biological function of FSP1. Therefore, we created neuron-targeted liposomal CoQ10. We find that it effectively localized to neurons at the lesion site after SAH and activated the FSP1/CoQ10 system. This innovative approach represents a promising therapeutic strategy for neuronal ferroptosis following SAH and other central nervous system diseases characterized by disruption of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi-Nan Ding
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | | | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiu-Sha Tang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Yang C, Jiang Z, Gao X, Yang H, Su J, Weng R, Ni W, Gu Y. Taurine ameliorates sensorimotor function by inhibiting apoptosis and activating A2 astrocytes in mice after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Amino Acids 2024; 56:31. [PMID: 38616233 PMCID: PMC11016520 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a form of severe acute stroke with very high mortality and disability rates. Early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contribute to the poor prognosis of patients with SAH. Currently, some researchers have started to focus on changes in amino acid metabolism that occur in brain tissues after SAH. Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is semi-essential in animals, and it plays important roles in various processes, such as neurodevelopment, osmotic pressure regulation, and membrane stabilization. In acute stroke, such as cerebral hemorrhage, taurine plays a neuroprotective role. However, the role of taurine after subarachnoid hemorrhage has rarely been reported. In the present study, we established a mouse model of SAH. We found that taurine administration effectively improved the sensorimotor function of these mice. In addition, taurine treatment alleviated sensorimotor neuron damage and reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, taurine treatment enhanced the polarization of astrocytes toward the neuroprotective phenotype while inhibiting their polarization toward the neurotoxic phenotype. This study is the first to reveal the relationship between taurine and astrocyte polarization and may provide a new strategy for SAH research and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinjie Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiabin Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ruiyuan Weng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China.
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yuxiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 201107, China.
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201107, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200052, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Din MAU, Lin Y, Wang N, Wang B, Mao F. Ferroptosis and the ubiquitin-proteasome system: exploring treatment targets in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1383203. [PMID: 38666028 PMCID: PMC11043542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1383203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an emerging mode of programmed cell death fueled by iron buildup and lipid peroxidation. Recent evidence points to the function of ferroptosis in the aetiology and development of cancer and other disorders. Consequently, harnessing iron death for disease treatment has diverted the interest of the researchers in the field of basic and clinical research. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) represents a primary protein degradation pathway in eukaryotes. It involves labelling proteins to be degraded by ubiquitin (Ub), followed by recognition and degradation by the proteasome. Dysfunction of the UPS can contribute to diverse pathological processes, emphasizing the importance of maintaining organismal homeostasis. The regulation of protein stability is a critical component of the intricate molecular mechanism underlying iron death. Moreover, the intricate involvement of the UPS in regulating iron death-related molecules and signaling pathways, providing valuable insights for targeted treatment strategies. Besides, it highlights the potential of ferroptosis as a promising target for cancer therapy, emphasizing the combination between ferroptosis and the UPS. The molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis, including key regulators such as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), cysteine/glutamate transporter (system XC-), and iron metabolism, are thoroughly examined, alongside the role of the UPS in modulating the abundance and activity of crucial proteins for ferroptotic cell death, such as GPX4, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). As a pivotal regulatory system for macromolecular homeostasis, the UPS substantially impacts ferroptosis by directly or indirectly modulating iron death-related molecules or associated signaling pathways. This review explores the involvement of the UPS in regulating iron death-related molecules and signaling pathways, providing valuable insights for the targeted treatment of diseases associated with ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhar Ud Din
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Lin
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Naijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College, Jiangsu University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Gao SQ, Wang X, Li T, Gao CC, Han YL, Qiu JY, Miao SH, Sun Y, Zhao R, Zheng XB, Zhou ML. Astrocyte-derived hepcidin aggravates neuronal iron accumulation after subarachnoid hemorrhage by decreasing neuronal ferroportin1. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:318-332. [PMID: 38052274 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron accumulation is one of the most essential pathological events after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Ferroportin1 (FPN1) is the only transmembrane protein responsible for exporting iron. Hepcidin, as the major regulator of FPN1, is responsible for its degradation. Our study investigated how the interaction between FPN1 and hepcidin contributes to iron accumulation after SAH. We found that iron accumulation aggravated after SAH, along with decreased FPN1 in neurons and increased hepcidin in astrocytes. After knocking down hepcidin in astrocytes, the neuronal FPN1 significantly elevated, thus attenuating iron accumulation. After SAH, p-Smad1/5 and Smad4 tended to translocate into the nucleus. Moreover, Smad4 combined more fragments of the promoter region of Hamp after OxyHb stimulation. By knocking down Smad1/5 or Smad4 in astrocytes, FPN1 level restored and iron overload attenuated, leading to alleviated neuronal cell death and improved neurological function. However, the protective role disappeared after recombinant hepcidin administration. Therefore, our study suggests that owing to the nuclear translocation of transcription factors p-Smad1/5 and Smad4, astrocyte-derived hepcidin increased significantly after SAH, leading to a decreased level of neuronal FPN1, aggravation of iron accumulation, and worse neurological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qing Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao-Chao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Yin Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Hao Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zheng
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Liang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Jangra A, Gola P, Singh J, Gond P, Ghosh S, Rachamalla M, Dey A, Iqbal D, Kamal M, Sachdeva P, Jha SK, Ojha S, Kumar D, Jha NK, Chopra H, Tan SC. Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:62-68. [PMID: 37488845 PMCID: PMC10479846 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a sulfur-containing, semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the body. It alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease models. As part of its limiting functions, taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, and neuronal activity at the molecular level. Taurine effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders, including stroke, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, memory dysfunction, and spinal cord injury. Although various therapies are available, effective management of these disorders remains a global challenge. Approximately 30 million people are affected worldwide. The design of taurine formation could lead to potential drugs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system disorders. The general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this review. This article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various diseases. Given the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms, it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics, with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Gola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Jiten Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Pooja Gond
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Swarnabha Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Mahesh Rachamalla
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhang J, Zhu Q, Peng Z, Li XJ, Ding PF, Gao S, Sheng B, Liu Y, Lu Y, Zhuang Z, Hang CH, Li W. Menaquinone-4 attenuates ferroptosis by upregulating DHODH through activation of SIRT1 after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:416-429. [PMID: 38042225 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menaquinone-4(MK-4), the isoform of vitamin K2 in the brain, exerts neuroprotective effects against a variety of central nervous system disorders. This study aimed to demonstrate the anti-ferroptosis effects of MK-4 in neurons after SAH. METHODS A subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model was prepared by endovascular perforation in mice. In vitro hemoglobin stimulation of primary cortical neurons mimicked SAH. MK-4, Brequinar (BQR, DHODH inhibitor), and Selisistat (SEL, SIRT1 inhibitor) were administered, respectively. Subsequently, WB, immunofluorescence was used to determine protein expression and localization, and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe neuronal mitochondrial structure while other indicators of ferroptosis were measured. RESULTS MK-4 treatment significantly upregulated the protein levels of DHODH; decreased GSH, PTGS2, NOX1, ROS, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Meanwhile, MK-4 upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and promoted its entry into the nucleus. BQR or SEL partially abolished the protective effect of MK-4 on, neurologic function, and ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that MK-4 attenuates ferroptosis after SAH by upregulating DHODH through the activation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Qi Zhu
- Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Ding
- Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Sen Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Bin Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, China.
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8
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Liu C, Yao K, Tian Q, Guo Y, Wang G, He P, Wang J, Wang J, Zhang Z, Li M. CXCR4-BTK axis mediate pyroptosis and lipid peroxidation in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage via NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102960. [PMID: 37979447 PMCID: PMC10694315 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is critical for homeostasis of the adaptive and innate immune system in some CNS diseases. Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an essential kinase that regulates inflammation in immune cells through multiple signaling pathways. This study aims to explore the effect of CXCR4 and BTK on neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Our results showed that the expression of CXCR4 and p-BTK increased significantly at 24 h after SAH in vivo and in vitro. Ibrutinib improved neurological impairment, BBB disruption, cerebral edema, lipid peroxidation, neuroinflammation and neuronal death at 24 h after SAH. Inhibition of BTK phosphorylation promoted the in vitro transition of hemin-treated proinflammatory microglia to the anti-inflammatory state, inhibited the p-P65 expression and microglial pyroptosis. NLRP3 deficiency can significantly reduce pyroptosis in SAH mice. Moreover, CXCR4 inhibition can suppress NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, NF-κB activation and NOX2 expression in vitro, and ibrutinib can abolish CXCR4-aggravated BBB damage and pyroptosis in EBI after SAH. The levels of CXCR4 in CSF of SAH patients is significantly increased, and it is positively correlated with GSDMD and IL-1β levels, and have a moderate diagnostic value for outcome at 6-month follow-up. Our findings revealed the effect of CXCR4 and P-BTK on NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and lipid peroxidation after SAH in vivo and in vitro, and the potential diagnostic role of CXCR4 in CSF of SAH patients. Inhibition of CXCR4-BTK axis can significantly attenuate NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and lipid peroxidation by regulating NF-κB activation in EBI after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Kun Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yujia Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Guijun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Peibang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450000, PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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9
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Jung KH, Kim SE, Go HG, Lee YJ, Park MS, Ko S, Han BS, Yoon YC, Cho YJ, Lee P, Lee SH, Kim K, Hong SS. Synergistic Renoprotective Effect of Melatonin and Zileuton by Inhibition of Ferroptosis via the AKT/mTOR/NRF2 Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:599-610. [PMID: 37183002 PMCID: PMC10616517 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent evidence, ferroptosis is a major cell death mechanism in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and fibrosis. Despite the renoprotective effects of classical ferroptosis inhibitors, therapeutic approaches targeting kidney ferroptosis remain limited. In this study, we assessed the renoprotective effects of melatonin and zileuton as a novel therapeutic strategy against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis. First, we identified RSL3-induced ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial HK-2 and HKC-8 cells. Lipid peroxidation and cell death induced by RSL3 were synergistically mitigated by the combination of melatonin and zileuton. Combination treatment significantly downregulated the expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, 4-HNE and HO-1, and upregulated the expression of GPX4. The expression levels of p-AKT and p-mTOR also increased, in addition to that of NRF2 in renal tubular epithelial cells. When melatonin (20 mg/kg) and zileuton (20 mg/kg) were administered to a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model, the combination significantly reduced tubular injury and fibrosis by decreasing the expression of profibrotic markers, such as α-SMA and fibronectin. More importantly, the combination ameliorated the increase in 4-HNE levels and decreased GPX4 expression in UUO mice. Overall, the combination of melatonin and zileuton was found to effectively ameliorate ferroptosis-related kidney injury by upregulating the AKT/mTOR/ NRF2 signaling pathway, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for protection against ferroptosis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Jung
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyeol Go
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ji Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Han
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Yoon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Jin Cho
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Pureunchowon Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipyo Kim
- Divison of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Sun Hong
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
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10
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Cao L, Zhao S, Han K, Fan L, Zhao C, Yin S, Hu H. Managing ferroptosis-related diseases with indirect dietary modulators of ferroptosis. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 120:109427. [PMID: 37549833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death driven by excessive oxidation of polyunsaturated phospholipids on cellular membranes. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis has been implicated in the pathological process of various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, liver diseases, kidney injury, lung injury, diabetes, and cancer. Targeting ferroptosis is therefore considered to be a reasonable strategy to fight against ferroptosis-associated diseases. Many dietary bioactive agents have been identified to be able to either suppress or promote ferroptosis, indicating that ferroptosis-based intervention by dietary approach may be an effective strategy for preventing and treating diseases associated with ferroptosis dysregulation. In this review, we summarize the present understanding of the functional role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of aforementioned diseases with an emphasis on the evidence of managing ferroptosis-related diseases with indirect dietary modulators of ferroptosis and propose issues that need to be addressed to promote practical application of dietary approach targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Santulli G, Kansakar U, Varzideh F, Mone P, Jankauskas SS, Lombardi A. Functional Role of Taurine in Aging and Cardiovascular Health: An Updated Overview. Nutrients 2023; 15:4236. [PMID: 37836520 PMCID: PMC10574552 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Taurine, a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid, has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its potential health benefits. Found in various foods and often used in energy drinks and supplements, taurine has been studied extensively to understand its impact on human physiology. Determining its exact functional roles represents a complex and multifaceted topic. We provide an overview of the scientific literature and present an analysis of the effects of taurine on various aspects of human health, focusing on aging and cardiovascular pathophysiology, but also including athletic performance, metabolic regulation, and neurological function. Additionally, our report summarizes the current recommendations for taurine intake and addresses potential safety concerns. Evidence from both human and animal studies indicates that taurine may have beneficial cardiovascular effects, including blood pressure regulation, improved cardiac fitness, and enhanced vascular health. Its mechanisms of action and antioxidant properties make it also an intriguing candidate for potential anti-aging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (U.K.); (S.S.J.); (A.L.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (F.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (U.K.); (S.S.J.); (A.L.)
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (F.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (F.V.); (P.M.)
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (U.K.); (S.S.J.); (A.L.)
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (U.K.); (S.S.J.); (A.L.)
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12
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Wang Y, Wu S, Li Q, Sun H, Wang H. Pharmacological Inhibition of Ferroptosis as a Therapeutic Target for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Strokes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300325. [PMID: 37341302 PMCID: PMC10460905 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that ferroptosis, a unique regulated cell death modality that is morphologically and mechanistically different from other forms of cell death, plays a vital role in the pathophysiological process of neurodegenerative diseases, and strokes. Accumulating evidence supports ferroptosis as a critical factor of neurodegenerative diseases and strokes, and pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis as a therapeutic target for these diseases. In this review article, the core mechanisms of ferroptosis are overviewed and the roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases and strokes are described. Finally, the emerging findings in treating neurodegenerative diseases and strokes through pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis are described. This review demonstrates that pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis by bioactive small-molecule compounds (ferroptosis inhibitors) could be effective for treatments of these diseases, and highlights a potential promising therapeutic avenue that could be used to prevent neurodegenerative diseases and strokes. This review article will shed light on developing novel therapeutic regimens by pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis to slow down the progression of these diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineAerospace Center HospitalPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of NeurologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng024005P. R. China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Chifeng University Health Science CenterChifeng024000P. R. China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin300060P. R. China
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13
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Chen B, Jin W. A comprehensive review of stroke-related signaling pathways and treatment in western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1200061. [PMID: 37351420 PMCID: PMC10282194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1200061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides insight into the complex network of signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in stroke pathophysiology. It summarizes the historical progress of stroke-related signaling pathways, identifying potential interactions between them and emphasizing that stroke is a complex network disease. Of particular interest are the Hippo signaling pathway and ferroptosis signaling pathway, which remain understudied areas of research, and are therefore a focus of the review. The involvement of multiple signaling pathways, including Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and AMPK in pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlights the complexity of stroke. The review also delves into the details of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies such as Rehmanniae and Astragalus, providing an analysis of the recent status of western medicine in the treatment of stroke and the advantages and disadvantages of TCM and western medicine in stroke treatment. The review proposes that since stroke is a network disease, TCM has the potential and advantages of a multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism of action in the treatment of stroke. Therefore, it is suggested that future research should explore more treasures of TCM and develop new therapies from the perspective of stroke as a network disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Zheng S, Guan XY. Ferroptosis: Promising approach for cancer and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 561:216152. [PMID: 37023938 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is the cell death induced by ferrous ions and lipid peroxidation accumulation in tumor cells. Targeting ferroptosis, which is regulated by various metabolic and immune elements, might become a novel strategy for anti-tumor therapy. In this review, we will focus on the mechanism of ferroptosis and its interaction with cancer and tumor immune microenvironment, especially for the relationship between immune cells and ferroptosis. Also, we will discuss the latest preclinical progress of the collaboration between the ferroptosis-targeted drugs and immunotherapy, and the best potential conditions for their combined use. It will present a future insight on the possible value of ferroptosis in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Zheng
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Advanced Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Technology Research Center, Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
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