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Han M, Zhu T, Zhou Z, Li Y, Yu C, Liang J, Wang H, Si Q, Jiang Q. Multi-omics reveals the particle size effect of nanoplastics on the hepatopancreas and intestinal toxicity of crustacean model Neospoda palmata. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174267. [PMID: 38936730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Nano-plastics (NPs) have emerged as prevalent contaminants in aquatic ecosystems, gaining significant research interest. Nonetheless, limited research has addressed the toxicity mechanisms associated with PS-NPs (polystyrene nanoplastics) of varying particle sizes. In this investigation, genotoxicity, growth patterns, hepatopancreatic damage, and intestinal flora alterations in freshwater shrimp Neocaridina palmata (Shen 1948), subjected to 35 days PS-NPs exposure (two size PS-NPs: 75 nm and 200 nm were used for this experiment, and five concentrations were set: 0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, 5 mg/L, and 10 mg/L concentrations PS-NP concentrations were examined using RNA sequencing, histopathological analyses, enzyme activity assessments, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Noteworthy variations in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified across groups exposed to different PS-NPs sizes. We observed that PS-NPs predominantly instigated cellular component-related processes and induced apoptosis and oxidative stress across tissues via the mitochondrial pathway. Although the 200 nm-PS-NPs are stronger than the 75 nm-PS-NPs in terms of fluorescence intensity, 75 nm-PS-NPs are more likely to promote apoptosis than 200 nm-PS-NPs. PS-NPs impeded standard energy provision in N. palmata, potentially contributing to decreased body length and weight. Moreover, PS-NPs inflicted damage on intestinal epithelial and hepatopancreatic tissues and significantly modified intestinal microbial community structures. Specifically, PS-NPs-induced intestinal damage was marked by a decline in some probiotics (notably Lactobacilli) and a surge in pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, supplementing N. palmata with Lactobacilli appeared ameliorate oxidative stress and strengthen energy metabolism. Our findings provided valuable insights into crustacean toxicity mechanisms when subjected to PS-NPs and the potential risks that different PS-NPs sizes posed to terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Han
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tian Zhu
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yiming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Cigang Yu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210424, China.
| | - Ji Liang
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hong Wang
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Qin Si
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210424, China
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, No. 79 Chating East Rd, Nanjing 210017, China.
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2
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Rickward RA, Santostefano F, Wilson AJ. Among-individual behavioural variation in the ornamental red cherry shrimp, Neocaridina heteropoda. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11049. [PMID: 38389999 PMCID: PMC10883255 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Personality variation, defined as among-individual differences in behaviour that are repeatable across time and context, is widely reported across animal taxa. From an evolutionary perspective, characterising the amount and structure of this variation is useful since differences among individuals are the raw material for adaptive behavioural evolution. However, behavioural variation among individuals also has implications for more applied areas of evolution and ecology-from invasion biology to ecotoxicology and selective breeding in captive systems. Here, we investigate the structure of personality variation in the red cherry shrimp, Neocaridina heteropoda, a popular ornamental species that is readily kept and bred under laboratory conditions and is emerging as a decapod crustacean model across these fields, but for which basic biological, ecological and behavioural data are limited. Using two assays and a repeated measures approach, we quantify behaviours putatively indicative of shy-bold variation and test for sexual dimorphism and/or size-dependent behaviours (as predicted by some state-dependent models of personality). We find moderate-to-high behavioural repeatabilities in most traits. Although strong individual-level correlations across behaviours are consistent with a major personality axis underlying these observed traits, the multivariate structure of personality variation does not fully match a priori expectations of a shy-bold axis. This may reflect our ecological naivety with respect to what really constitutes bolder, more risk-prone, behaviour in this species. We find no evidence for sexual dimorphism and only weak support for size-dependent behaviour. Our study contributes to the growing literature describing behavioural variation in aquatic invertebrates. Furthermore, it lays a foundation for further studies harnessing the potential of this emerging model system. In particular, this existing behavioural variation could be functionally linked to life-history traits and invasive success and serve as a target of artificial selection or bioassays. It thus holds significant promise in applied research across ecotoxicology, aquaculture and invasion biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Santostefano
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Cornwall UK
- Département des Sciences Biologiques Université du Québec à Montréal Montréal Quebec Canada
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Lee JW, Shim I, Park K. Proposing Effective Ecotoxicity Test Species for Chemical Safety Assessment in East Asia: A Review. TOXICS 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 38250986 PMCID: PMC10819827 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
East Asia leads the global chemical industry, but environmental chemical risk in these countries is an emerging concern. Despite this, only a few native species that are representative of East Asian environments are listed as test species in international guidelines compared with those native to Europe and America. This review suggests that Zacco platypus, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Hydrilla verticillata, Neocaridina denticulata spp., and Scenedesmus obliquus, all resident to East Asia, are promising test species for ecotoxicity tests. The utility of these five species in environmental risk assessment (ERA) varies depending on their individual traits and the state of ecotoxicity research, indicating a need for different applications of each species according to ERA objectives. Furthermore, the traits of these five species can complement each other when assessing chemical effects under diverse exposure scenarios, suggesting they can form a versatile battery for ERA. This review also analyzes recent trends in ecotoxicity studies and proposes emerging research issues, such as the application of alternative test methods, comparative studies using model species, the identification of specific markers for test species, and performance of toxicity tests under environmentally relevant conditions. The information provided on the utility of the five species and alternative issues in toxicity tests could assist in selecting test species suited to study objectives for more effective ERA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wuk Lee
- Research of Environmental Health, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea; (I.S.); (K.P.)
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Razekenari AM, Fereidouni AE, Movahedinia A, Neyshabouri EZ. Impacts of sublethal concentrations of 17 α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on growth, reproductive performance, and survival in red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Crustacea, Atyidae) during consecutive spawnings. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106519. [PMID: 37061420 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted for the first time to investigate the long-term impacts of sublethal concentrations of 17 α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on growth, survival, and reproductive performances in a model shrimp, the red cherry (Neocaridina davidi), females during five successive spawning steps for 7.5 months. Females were distributed in eighteen aquariums and continuously exposed to EE2 at six nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, and 200 μg/L. Growth indices increased up to 0.2 μg/L and then sharply declined up to 200 μg/L. Most reproductive indices significantly decreased at levels > 0.02-0.2 μg/L with increasing EE2 levels. The highest absolute, relative, and actual fecundity values were recorded in the control, with the lowest value at 200 μg/L. With increasing EE2 levels, mean egg volume showed an increasing trend from the third spawning event onwards. Except for the time required to reach the first spawning, inter-spawning intervals considerably decreased with increasing EE2 levels at > 0.2 μg/L, especially from the third spawning stage onwards. Survival of exposed females significantly decreased with increasing EE2 levels. Unlike the body size, the juvenile's survival rates in all exposed treatments were considerably lower than the control. Females at concentrations 0.02-0.2 μg/L gained more body weight and length but produced fewer eggs with lower hatching percentages during five consecutive spawns. The results suggest that EE2 depending on the concentrations can cause unbalanced growth, reduce reproductive performances, especially from the third stage of spawning onwards, and reduce survival rates in brooders and subsequent offspring. In terms of growth, survival, and reproductive indices over successive spawns in ecotoxicology studies, the concentrations of 0.02-0.2 μg/L can be considered as chronic levels, but higher levels may have detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiyeh Mohammadian Razekenari
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili Fereidouni
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Fisheries Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran.
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Zabihi Neyshabouri
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pharmacological and Toxicological Educational Group, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol University, Babol, Iran
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Zhang Y, Lyu L, Tao Y, Ju H, Chen J. Health risks of phthalates: A review of immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120173. [PMID: 36113640 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are known environmental endocrine disruptors that have been widely detected in several environments, and many studies have reported the immunotoxic effects of these compounds. Here, we reviewed relevant published studies, summarized the occurrence and major metabolic pathways of six typical PAEs (DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP, and DOP) in water, soil, and the atmosphere, degradation and metabolic pathways under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and explored the molecular mechanisms of the toxic effects of eleven PAEs (DEHP, DPP, DPrP, DHP, DEP, DBP, MBP, MBzP, BBP, DiNP, and DMP) on the immune system of different organisms at the gene, protein, and cellular levels. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which PAEs affect immune system function through regulation of immune gene expression and enzymes, increased ROS, immune signaling pathways, specific and non-specific immunosuppression, and interference with the complement system. By summarizing the effects of these compounds on typical model organisms, this review provides insights into the mechanisms by which PAEs affect the immune system, thus supplementing human immune experiments. Finally, we discuss the future direction of PAEs immunotoxicity research, thus providing a framework for the analysis of other environmental pollutants, as well as a basis for PAEs management and safe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Liang Lyu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yue Tao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Hanxun Ju
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Rural Energy Station of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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6
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Abo-Al-Ela HG, Faggio C. Impact of phthalates and bisphenols plasticizers on haemocyte immune function of aquatic invertebrates: A review on physiological, biochemical, and genomic aspects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126426. [PMID: 34166954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The invertebrate innate immunity is a crucial characteristic that represents a valuable basis for studying common biological responses to environmental pollutants. Cell defence mechanisms are key players in protecting the organism from infections and foreign materials. Many haemocyte-associated immunological parameters have been reported to be immunologically sensitive to aquatic toxins (natural or artificial). Environmental plastic pollution poses a global threat to ecosystems and human health due to plastic vast and extensive use as additives in various consumer products. In recent years, studies have been done to evaluate the effects of plasticizers on humans and the environment, and their transmission and presence in water, air, and indoor dust, and so forth. Hence, the development of biomarkers that evaluate biological responses to different pollutants are essential to obtain important information on plasticizers' sublethal effects. This review analyses the current advances in the adverse effects of plasticizers (as emerging contaminants), such as immunological response disruption. The review also shows a critical analysis of the effects of the most widely used plasticizers on haemocytes. The advantages of an integrative approach that uses chemical, genetic, and immunomarker assays to monitor toxicity are highlighted. All these factors are imperative to ponder when designing toxicity studies to recognize the potential effects of plasticizers like bisphenol A and phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela
- Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez 43518, Egypt
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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7
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Dolar A, Selonen S, van Gestel CAM, Perc V, Drobne D, Jemec Kokalj A. Microplastics, chlorpyrifos and their mixtures modulate immune processes in the terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:144900. [PMID: 33581511 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and agrochemicals are common pollutants in terrestrial ecosystems. Their interaction during coexistence in soils may influence their fate and adverse effects on terrestrial organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate how the exposure to two types of microplastics; polyester fibres, and crumb rubber; induce changes in immune parameters of Porcellio scaber and if the co-exposure of microplastics affects the response induced by the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. A number of immune parameters, such as total haemocyte count, differential haemocyte count, and phenoloxidase-like activity were assessed. In addition, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the haemolymph was evaluated as a measure of the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos. After three weeks of exposure, the most noticeable changes in the measured immune parameters and also a significantly reduced AChE activity were seen in chlorpyrifos-exposed animals. Both types of microplastic at environmentally relevant concentrations caused only slight changes in immune parameters which were not dependent on the type of microplastic, although the two types differed significantly in terms of the chemical complexity of the additives. Mixtures of chlorpyrifos and microplastics induced changes that differed from individual exposures. For example, alterations in some measured parameters suggested a reduced bioavailability of chlorpyrifos (AChE activity, haemocyte viability) caused by both types of microplastics exposure, but the increase of haemocyte count was promoted by the presence of fibres implying their joint action. In conclusion, this study suggests that immune processes in P. scaber are slightly changed upon exposure to both types of microplastics and microplastics can significantly modulate the effects of other co-exposed chemicals. Further research is needed on the short-term and long-term joint effects of microplastics and agrochemicals on the immunity of soil invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andraž Dolar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Salla Selonen
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecological Science, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Mustialankatu 3, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecological Science, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Perc
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anita Jemec Kokalj
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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8
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Zhang Y, Jiao Y, Li Z, Tao Y, Yang Y. Hazards of phthalates (PAEs) exposure: A review of aquatic animal toxicology studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:145418. [PMID: 33548714 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are of wide concern because they are commonly used in various plastic products as plasticizers, and can found their way into the environment. However, their interaction with the environment and their toxicity in aquatic animals is still a matter of intense debate. In this review on PAEs in aquatic environments (lakes, rivers and seas), it is found that there is a large variety and abundance of PAEs in developing countries, and the total concentration of PAEs even exceeds 200 μg / L. The interaction between metabolic processes involved in the toxicity induced by various PAEs is summarized for the first time in the article. Exposure of PAEs can lead to activation of the detoxification system CYP450 and endocrine system receptors of aquatic animals, which in turn causes oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, endocrine disorders, and immunosuppression. Meanwhile, each system can activate / inhibit each other, causing genotoxicity and cell apoptosis, resulting in the growth and development of organisms being blocked. The mixed PAEs shows no cumulative toxicity changes to aquatic animals. For the combined pollution of other chemicals and PAEs, PAE can act as an agonist or antagonist, leading to combined toxicity in different directions. Phthalate monoesters (MPEs), the metabolites of PAEs, are also toxic to aquatic animals, however, the toxicity is weaker than the corresponding parent compounds. This review summarizes and analyzes the current ecotoxicological effects of PAEs on aquatic animals, and provides guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Yaqi Jiao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zixu Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
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Siregar P, Suryanto ME, Chen KHC, Huang JC, Chen HM, Kurnia KA, Santoso F, Hussain A, Ngoc Hieu BT, Saputra F, Audira G, Roldan MJM, Fernandez RA, Macabeo APG, Lai HT, Hsiao CD. Exploiting the Freshwater Shrimp Neocaridina denticulata as Aquatic Invertebrate Model to Evaluate Nontargeted Pesticide Induced Toxicity by Investigating Physiologic and Biochemical Parameters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:391. [PMID: 33807713 PMCID: PMC7999401 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a nicotinoid neurotoxic insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI) works by disrupting nerve transmission via nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Although IMI is specifically targeting insects, nontarget animals such as the freshwater shrimp, Neocaridina denticulata, could also be affected, thus causing adverse effects on the aquatic environment. To investigate IMI toxicity on nontarget organisms like N. denticulata, their physiology (locomotor activity, heartbeat, and gill ventilation) and biochemical factors (oxidative stress, energy metabolism) after IMI exposure were examined. IMI exposure at various concentrations (0.03125, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 ppm) to shrimp after 24, 48, 72 h led to dramatic reduction of locomotor activity even at low concentrations. Meanwhile, IMI exposure after 92 h caused reduced heartbeat and gill ventilation at high concentrations. Biochemical assays were performed to investigate oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Interestingly, locomotion immobilization and cardiac activity were rescued after acetylcholine administration. Through molecular docking, IMI demonstrated high binding affinity to nAChR. Thus, locomotor activity and heartbeat in shrimp after IMI exposure may be caused by nAChR blockade and not alterations caused by oxidative stress and energy metabolism. To summarize, N. denticulata serves as an excellent and sensitive aquatic invertebrate model to conduct pesticide toxicity assays that encompass physiologic and biochemical examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Siregar
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (P.S.); (B.T.N.H.); (G.A.)
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Michael Edbert Suryanto
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Kelvin H.-C. Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (K.H.-C.C.); (J.-C.H.)
| | - Jong-Chin Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900391, Taiwan; (K.H.-C.C.); (J.-C.H.)
| | - Hong-Ming Chen
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, 300 University Rd., Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Kevin Adi Kurnia
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Fiorency Santoso
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Akhlaq Hussain
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Bui Thi Ngoc Hieu
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (P.S.); (B.T.N.H.); (G.A.)
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Ferry Saputra
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Gilbert Audira
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (P.S.); (B.T.N.H.); (G.A.)
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Marri Jmelou M. Roldan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
| | - Rey Arturo Fernandez
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
| | - Allan Patrick G. Macabeo
- Laboratory for Organic Reactivity, Discovery and Synthesis (LORDS), Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines;
| | - Hong-Thih Lai
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, 300 University Rd., Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (P.S.); (B.T.N.H.); (G.A.)
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan; (M.E.S.); (K.A.K.); (F.S.); (A.H.); (F.S.)
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320314, Taiwan
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10
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Ding L, Li W, Li N, Liang L, Zhang X, Jin H, Shi H, Storey KB, Hong M. Antioxidant responses to salinity stress in an invasive species, the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) and involvement of a TOR-Nrf2 signaling pathway. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 219:59-67. [PMID: 30738853 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans), a freshwater turtle, is an invasive species in many parts of the world where it survives in both freshwater and coastal saline habitats. High salinity can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lead to oxidative damage. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant defense mechanisms of T. s. elegans in response to salinity stress. The results showed that the mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SODs), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PXs) were significantly increased in both 5 psu and 15 psu groups at the early stages of salinity exposure (generally 6-48 h), but typically returned to control levels after the longest 30 d exposure. In addition, hepatic and cardiac mRNA levels of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), showed a similar upregulation as an early response to stress, but decreased at 30 d in the 5 psu and 15 psu groups. The mRNA levels of the negative regulator of Nrf2, kelch-like ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1), exhibited the opposite pattern. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of target of rapamycin (TOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) in liver and heart showed roughly similar patterns to those for Nrf2. Furthermore, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased in liver, especially in the 15 psu group by ~2.5-fold. Taken together, these results indicate that T. s. elegans may activate the TOR-Nrf2 pathway to modulate antioxidant genes transcription in order to promote enhanced antioxidant defense in response to salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Weihao Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Na Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Lingyue Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Huilin Jin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Meiling Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China.
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11
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Zhou M, Abbas MN, Kausar S, Jiang CX, Dai LS. Transcriptome profiling of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) hepatopancreas in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:423-433. [PMID: 29056487 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-sequencing followed by de novo assembly generated 61,912 unigene sequences of P. clarkii hepatopancreas. Comparison of gene expression between LPS challenged and PBS control samples revealed 2552 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Of these sequences, 1162 DEGs were differentially up-regulated and 1360 DEGs differentially down-regulated. The DEGs were then annotated against gene ontology (GO) database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Some immune-related pathways such as PPAR signaling pathway, lysosome, Chemical carcinogenesis, Peroxisome were predicted by canonical pathways analysis. The reliability of transcriptome data was validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for the selected genes. The data presented here shed light into antibacterial immune responses of crayfish. In addition, these results suggest that transcriptomic data provides valuable sequence resource for immune-related gene identification and helps to understand P. clarkii immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Kausar
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Cheng-Xi Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
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12
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Gu S, Zheng H, Xu Q, Sun C, Shi M, Wang Z, Li F. Comparative toxicity of the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate to two freshwater algae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 191:122-130. [PMID: 28822891 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs), a family of emerging environmental contaminants, have been frequently detected in soils and water. However, intensive studies on the toxicity of PAEs have focused on growth response of terrestrial and aquatic animals, while only limited attention has been paid to aquatic plants, especially phytoplankton, the primary producer in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the acute toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) at different concentrations (0-20mgL-1) on two typical freshwater algae (Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) were investigated. The growth of S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa was conspicuously inhibited by DBP exposure at 2-20mgL-1. The 96-h median effective concentration values (96h-EC50) were 15.3mgL-1 and 3.14mgL-1 for S. obliquus and C. pyrenoidosa, respectively, implying that the spherical C. pyrenoidosa is more sensitive to DBP than the spindle-shaped S. obliquus. As expected from the damage done to cell organelles (i.e. cell membranes, chloroplasts, and protein rings), cell densities and chlorophyll content conspicuously decreased under DBP treatments. Moreover, the algal growth inhibition was closely linked to the increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde content, indicating oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in both algae. This was proved by the increased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Our findings will contribute to the understanding of toxic mechanisms in PAEs and the evaluation of environmental risks for primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Gu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Cuizhu Sun
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mei Shi
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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13
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Ahmad S, Khan MF, Parvez S, Akhtar M, Raisuddin S. Molecular docking reveals the potential of phthalate esters to inhibit the enzymes of the glucocorticoid biosynthesis pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:265-277. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology; Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University); New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University); New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology; Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University); New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Mohammad Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University); New Delhi 110062 India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology; Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University); New Delhi 110062 India
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14
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Xu H, Dong X, Zhang Z, Yang M, Wu X, Liu H, Lao Q, Li C. Assessment of immunotoxicity of dibutyl phthalate using live zebrafish embryos. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 45:286-292. [PMID: 25956719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study set out to understand the immune-toxic effects of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) using transgenic, albino or AB line zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of DBP, and the immune cells formation, phagocytosis ability were measured after a short-term exposure to DBP for 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) to 72 or 96 hpf. Exposure to DBP was found to inhibit the neutrophils and macrophage formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The ability of macrophage phagocytosis was all decreased after exposure to DBP, indicating the occurrence of immunotoxicity. The respiratory burst was induced, and the transcription levels of T/B cell-related genes rag1/2 were up-regulated. The overall results indicate that DBP in aquatic environment greatly influence the immune system in fish, and zebrafish embryos can serve as a reliable model for the developmental immunotoxicity of toxic-chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xing Dong
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongcui Liu
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiaocong Lao
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunqi Li
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Zhang F, Wei J, Li Q, Jiang R, Yu N, Qin J, Chen L. Effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on the immune responses and expression of immune-related genes in Chinese mitten-handed crab Eriocheir sinensis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 172-173:13-8. [PMID: 25900200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been widely studied due to its global distribution, slow degradation, high bioaccumulation and toxicological effects on vertebrates. However, the potential toxicity of PFOS to crustaceans is little known. The present study investigated the effects of PFOS on the immune responses and expression of immune-related genes in the Chinese mitten-handed crab Eriocheir sinensis. Crabs were exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/L of PFOS, and sampled on 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21days respectively. The total hemocyte count and lysozyme activity in PFOS-treated crab were significantly lower than in the control. The exposure to 10mg/L of PFOS led to a marked inhibition in phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. At other PFOS levels, phenoloxidase and superoxide dismutase showed an initial increase and a subsequent decrease over time. The alkaline and acid phosphatase activities were stimulated in 10mg/L PFOS until 21days. The mRNA expression of immune related genes including hepatopancreas-specific C-type lectin and prophenoloxidase activating factors were up-regulated after the exposure to the concentrations of 1 and 10mg/L of PFOS, while the expression of lysozyme gene was up-regulated only in the crab exposed to 0.1mg/L PFOS. The results demonstrate that the high dose of PFOS leads to immune toxicity and the hepatopancreas is a major target organ for PFOS accumulation and immunotoxicity. Hemocyte counts, phenoloxidase and acid phosphatase are useful biomarkers for the risk assessment of PFOS toxicity to crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianjun Wei
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Runlan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Na Yu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianguang Qin
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Liqiao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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16
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Mykles DL, Hui JHL. Neocaridina denticulata: A Decapod Crustacean Model for Functional Genomics. Integr Comp Biol 2015; 55:891-7. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icv050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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17
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Wei K, Yang J. Oxidative damage of hepatopancreas induced by pollution depresses humoral immunity response in the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:510-519. [PMID: 25655324 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies provide evidences for the possible oxidative damage of toxic environmental pollutants to tissue protein in fish and amphibian, but little information is available about their effects on immunity response in crustacean. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between oxidative damage and immune response induced by both typical pollutants (viz. copper and beta-cypermethrin), by exposing the freshwater Procambarus clarkii to sub-lethal concentrations (1/40, 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of the 96 h LC50) up to 96 h. Five biomarkers of oxidative stress, i.e. reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl in hepatopancreas, and two immune factors, i.e. phenoloxidase (PO) and hemocyanin in haemolymph were determined. The results indicated that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the contents of ROS, MDA and protein carbonyl accompanied by markedly decreased (P < 0.05) PO and hemocyanin levels in a dose and time dependent manner. The significant and positive correlation (P < 0.01) between protein carbonyls induction and MDA formation was observed in crayfish hepatopancreas at 96 h. The production of these protein carbonyls could significantly depress (P < 0.01) the levels of phenoloxidase and hemocyanin in hemolymph. Higher contents of ROS enhanced the risk of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and immunosuppression of crayfish, and hepatopancreas might play an important role in immune system of crustaceans. Protein oxidation may be one of the main mechanisms for pollution-induced immunotoxicity in P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Wei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junxian Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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18
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Jiang Q, Zhang W, Tan H, Pan D, Yang Y, Ren Q, Yang J. Analysis of gene expression changes, caused by exposure to nitrite, in metabolic and antioxidant enzymes in the red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2014; 104:423-428. [PMID: 24680578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of acute exposure to nitrite on expression of antioxidant and metabolic enzyme genes in gill tissue of advanced juvenile Cherax quadricarinatus. A 48h nitrite exposure was conducted, using four test concentrations (NO2-N=0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2mg L(-1)) plus a control group. The relative mRNA expression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mMnSOD), cytosolic MnSOD (cMnSOD), extracellular copper/zinc SOD (exCu/ZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), arginine kinase (AK), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH), Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α-subunit and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in gill tissue was measured. Significantly increased mRNA expression was observed for all the antioxidant enzymes after 12 and 24h. After 48h, they all decreased at high nitrite concentrations. The gene expression levels of AK, GDH, mMDH and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α-subunit showed similar trends as the antioxidant enzymes. Significant depression of gene expression levels of PEPCK occurred throughout the experimental time at high nitrite concentrations. The results indicated that nitrite could induce oxidative and metabolic stress in C. quadricarinatus, in a time dependent manner, which suggests they could be helpful in predicting sublethal nitrite toxicity and useful in environmental monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichen Jiang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongyue Tan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dongmei Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yuanhao Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Live Food, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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19
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蔡 伊. Development of Ecotoxicogenomic Biomarkers on the Freshwater Shrimp (Neocaridina denticulate) Following Short-Term Exposure to Dipropyl Phthalate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.12677/ije.2013.24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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